CONTENTS

Page

1. History. Needs and purposes 1 2. Background 2 3. Reactions from users of statistics 3 4. The CBS's final proposal for the 1990 census 4 5. Methods 4 6. Uses 7 7. Paying for full census 9 8. Contents 10 9. Authority for the 1990 census 11 10. Processing 12 11. Uses and presentation 15 12. Information 16

Annexes 1. The Population and Housing Census 1990 - Survey of contents 18 2. Personal form 23 3. Housing form, full census 25 4. Housing form, sample census 27

5. Population and Housing Census 1990 Information and guidance (English version of guide prepared for immigrants) 29 6. Full census municipalities 41 7. Sample municipalities 45 1

THE POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS 199

BY

JAN FURSETH

1 History. Needs nd prp

The first Norwegian census was taken in 1769. Since 1890 there has been a census every tenth year except 1940. The population and housing census in 1990 will be the twentieth of its kind in this country.

The purposes for which data are gathered in censuses have naturally changed over time, reflecting society's changing needs for population statistics. Social conditions were an early census theme: even the 1769 census included a distribution of the population by occupation. In modern censuses, great emphasis is placed on information concerning housing and living conditions, employment and occupation, education and income, and travel to work etc., giving a comprehensive picture of Norwegian society. The scale of the material has among other things made it possible to obtain reliable figures for small geographical areas. Another major objective is to facilitate comparisons over time, with census statistics increasingly being relied on for pictures of the period, for comparison with past and future pictures. This description of Norway will be used for comparison with similar descriptions of other countries. To ensure that statistics are comparable across national boundaries, the United Nations issues recommendations concerning how population and housing censuses should be carried out.

A rapidly growing need for statistics and analysis has been felt in a number of areas, notably public administration and government, with the political authorities basing their approach to economic and social issues, their social planning and political management on statistics. The social sciences aim to describe society and shed light on interrelations which determine society's development. Industry and labour market organizations are a third category for which statistics are an essential basis for decision- making. It should also be borne in mind that for the media and the general public, statistical information is a prerequisite for participation and surveillance of social developments.

Although it is made available in a number of ways, what statistical information invariably does is convey an accurate picture of social conditions in our country, which is especially important when society's different problems and needs come up for discussion. The nineties have been labelled the age of the information society. Ability to receive, qelect and make use of information, whether as a private individual or in the public domain, is vital. 2 From this point of view, it is clear that the statistics and analyses supplied by the Central Bureau of Statistics, the availability of the information, and the part played by the CBS as a producer and mediator of social information, are important prerequisites for our modem society.

For a number of years now, the CBS has been working on the question of alternative methods of collecting data in large and costly censuses. Compared to earlier censuses, the one in 1980 thus marked a new departure, in that the basic data were obtained by making extensive use of statistical and administrative registers. Census data which could not be obtained from registers were collected by post. In previous n, all data had been gathered using forms collected by census-takers.

In 80 the importance attached to efficiency and rational methods was also reflected in the use of new techniques for a number of purposes, including machine wrapping of forms and optical reading of returns. In addition, EDP terminals and computer technology were used for coding and checking, and in the presentation and use of census material. Compared to previous censuses, the new methods resulted in distinct cost reductions.

Background

In its report "Metoder for datainnsamling til Folke- og bustadteljing 1990" (methods of data collection for the Population and Housing Census 1990), presented in May 1986, the CBS described three alternative methods of gathering information for the 1990 census.

The first, used in 1980, is based on questionnaires sent to all persons aged 16 or over in the census year, combined with data from registers.

The second method relies exclusively on data from statistical and adminitrative registers.

In the third alternative, census forms are completed by a 10 per cent sample of the population aged 16 or over in the course of 1990. Together with information from registers, this permits reliable estimates to be made of what the statistics would have been if the entire population had completed census forms.

The CBS arrived at the following conclusion: There is a need for a data compilation in 1990 of the nature of a population and housing census. This is shown by the interest taken in such statistics by the users of statistics, and by the use they make of them.

The CBS recommended a method in which information from a sample of the population is combined with information from registers. Statistical methods would enable tables to be prepared which would all but correspond to those published after previous censuses, but with some uncertainty attaching to the figures, especially in tables relating to small geographical areas. Attention was also drawn to some other respects in which the method would be 3 inferior to the one adopted in 19 and would make the census clearly less satisfactory than earlier ones for certain administrative and research purposes.

It was estimated that the recommended method would cost approximately r 5 million in 19 kroner, as against about million for a method like the one used in 19 The least expensive solution (3 million), exclusively based on registers and mainly on current sector statistics, could not be recommended, because in the CBS's view it would not meet the needs of the statistical publications program and user services sufficiently well to warrant calling it a population and housing census. In particular, the method would not provide information on dwellings and households, or on occupations, besides which the CBS felt uncertain about the quality of some of the information on employment.

Among other factors underlying the proposal from the CBS was the requirement from the Ministry of Finance that the cost of censuses must be cut. Another was the CBS's own wish, in connection with the Long-term Programme 197-199 to transfer resources from the census to other sectors of its activity, as one element in its efforts to extend and improve its services within more or less unchanged overall limits. The areas envisaged included health, social, social security and labour market statistics.

A third consideration was that the proposed alternative incorporated speeding up improvements to the Employer/Employee Register, which would lead to a significant improvement in employment statistics for the whole decade from 199 on, assuming no serious deterioration where registers are concerned.

Finally, the CBS wished to develop and adopt new methods of producing statistics, aimed both at good statistics and at savings both to the CBS and to its clients. The method recommended would help the CBS to make use of administrative data in the production of its statistics even when the registers alone are not good enough for the purpose.

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The report was circulated for comment to a large number of users of census statistics, to obtain their opinions before a fnl proposal was submitted. Users made much stronger objections to the change than the CBS had anticipated. We view the objections and the underlying concern as evidence of the increasing need we have registered for a compilation of data of the population census type.

The point was strongly made that the need for statistics covering small geographical areas and/or small population groups would not be adequately met The census as planned would also provide much less satisfactory material for such individual-based analyses as the analysis of lifetime records. 4. The CBS's final proposal for the 1990 census

On the basis of the comments received, the CBS revised its original proposal, recommending a census in which information from registers would be combined with information from a sample, to comprise some 1 per cent of the population in municipalities with populations of or more, and the entire population, a full census, in all municipalities with less than inhabitants. This entails a full census in some 75 municipalities. On this basis, overall figures would be calculated which would apply to the whole population.

An important reason for the change was that the sample method would leave small municipalities with less good municipal statistics than big ones. The change would give all municipalities roughly the same standard of municipal statistics.

Should a municipality with a population of or more want statistics prepared covering all its inhabitants, the CBS will be prepared to do this if the municipality pays it for what is not covered out of the census budget. This offer is motivated by the problems which would arise if a given municipality sought to conduct its own supplement to the census.

The cost of the CBS's amended proposal was estimated at r 57 million in 19 kroner. However, the Ministry of Finance maintained its earlier limit for the census of 5 million 19 honer.

In view of the strong objections from users to a method based on samples in all municipalities, and especially the need for statistics for small geographical areas, the CBS recommended a reallocation of resources, favouring the census material at the expense of its own use and publication of the results.

In its reply to the Ministry of Finance, the CBS undertook to carry out the census within an upper limit of r 5 million in 19 kroner. But to manage this, it would have to cut down on its free public answering service and to a greater extent than before charge users for information from the census.

5. Methods

In connection with the debate on the Fiscal Budget for 19 the Storting (the legislative assembly) voted unanimously in favour of a population and housing census in 199 subject to a ceiling of Ir

555 million 197 kroner (5 million 19 rnr The census is to cover the entire population and comprise all persons registered in the Central Population Register as resident in this country on the day of the census, 3 November. However, not all variables included in the census will be applied at the individual level. Different variables will be applied in different ways, and the census methods used will vary from district to district. 5

Three types of census will be adopted in the 199 census: - full censuses - sample censuses - combined censuses

In full censuses, all relevant information is registered for all persons. The information relating to variables will be gathered either from the census forms or from administrative and statistical registers.

Sample censuses comprise ll relevant information on a sample of persons. The percentage selected will vary according to the population of the municipality, between and per cent.

The combined part of the census will produce a kind of duplicated information on the same variables relating to a sample of persons. One item will be taken from registers which are not of sufficient quality to be used for statistical purposes directly (information on employment). The other will be taken from the census fonn. By comparing the information from the two sources at individual level, we shall be able to arrive at adjustment factors for use in the preparation of the statistical tables. Where the uncertainty of the figures is concerned, we have results from tests of our own to show that the method gives the same effect as if we had doubled the sample.

With regard to the methods of collecting information, the census can be divided into the following tp f r

- Full census municipalities Municipalities with fewer than inhabitants. In 199 municipalities will be full census municipalities (of which 7 have or more inhabitants but have ordered full censuses).

- Sample municipalities, i.e. municipalities with inhabitants or more. In 199 1 municipalities will be sample municipalities as far as returns on forms are concerned. Small sample municipalities (some 5 with from to 7 999 inhabitants, will have a per cent selection. Municipalities with from to 9 999 inhabitants (about 3 will have samples taken corresponding to 15 per cent. For municipalities with from 1 to 5 inhabitants, the samples will be 1 per cent, and for municipalities with over 5 inhabitants they will be per cent.

The 199 census covers the whole population. However, it will only comprise forms returned by almost 97 persons. In the full census municipalities, a good persons will return personal forms, and housing and household information will be returned from bout 33 flats/households. The forms will be received by mail.

In the sample municipalities, the sample will be selected at the individual level, and ll those selected will in addition to the variables on their personal forms return information on the fiats/households to which they belong. This means that about 9 persons will be included in samples of persons 6 returning both personal and housing/household variables. Because in the sample municipalities the basis of selection is individual persons, and a flat/household unit will be established for each person, the sample of flats/households will be almost twice as large as a direct sample of flats/households.

The variables used in the census can be grouped in three categories:

- Category I Variables from registers which make direct use of the variables

- Category II Variables obtained from forms returned by individual respondents

- Category III Variables combining information from forms and administrative registers.

Category I variables will be:

- Demographic and place of residence data - Educational data - Income data.

Category II variables comprise:

- Data on employment and travel to work - Data on flats and households.

Category III variables are the following information on employment:

- Employed (yes/no) - Industry - Municipality of employment.

The table below shows how the type of census varies according to the type of area and category of variable. 7

Table 1 Type of census according to type of area and category of variable

Type of area Category of variable Municipality Municipality Country + County inhabitants inhabitants

Full census Full census Category I Full census Sample Full census Category II Sample Category II Combined census Combined census

There will be a full census for every municipality where major population variables relating to demography, place of residence, education and income are concerned.

In addition, all municipalities with fewer than inhabitants will have full census form censuses. The combined method (combined census) is not relevant to such municipalities.

For municipalities with populations of or more, census form information will be derived from samples of varying percentages of the population. Certain employment variables will also be included in the tables for such municipalities, calculated by means of the combined method, which reduces the uncertainty of figures obtained from sample data alone by roughly half.

6. U

The 199 census bvr the entire population but, as indicated, without applying ll variables to ll individual persons.

One important feature of censuses is their ability to provide statistics for very small areas. This will also be the case in 199 but not for ll municipalities and variables. For the municipalities which will have a full census, the CBS can produce statistics for every geographical area in question within a given municipality. For ll municipalities, the CBS can produce small area statistics, down to enumeration district level, covering demographic variables from the Central Population Register, various educational data from the CBS's education files, and data on income obtained from various administrative registers.

With regard, however, to the combined census covering information on employment, and the sample census covering flats and households, occupation and travel to work, certain limitations will apply. For areas as large as the whole country, or whole counties or municipalities, the choice between the two methods makes little difference to the statistics the census can produce. The limitations take effect when it comes to preparing tables for smaller areas than municipalities. How much detail one can go into before the figures become too uncertain depends of course on the size of the area (the number of persons) and how detailed the information required is. Another consideration is where the acceptable level of uncertainty lies, i.e. quality requirements. Putting the crucial issue bluntly: do we want fewer and more reliable figures, or more figures but greater uncertainty? However, the CBS will present results based on combined or sample censuses for smaller areas than municipalities.

The CBS has adopted a flexible attitude to levels of uncertainty, allowing for use and demand. In our service to users (special assignments), we can decide on satisfactory levels in consultation with our clients. Even relatively uncertain figures can be very useful to experienced users having some background information.

The publication strategy adopted by the CBS for its statistics program falls under three heads:

1. Figures with relative standard deviations of under per cent will be published without reservations.

2. Figures with relative standard deviations of between and 3 per cent will be published in parentheses to indicate the uncertainty.

3 Figures with relative standard deviations of over 3 per cent will not be published.

On the basis of the three criteria, we can show how small the figures we can publish can be, and when we have to suppress (cancel) our results.

The CBS arrived at these criteria on the basis of its own tests, some theoretically and some empirically founded. In the latter, use was made of full census and sample census figures and figures drawn from registers in the 19 census.

The results of the CBS's tests and the quality criteria established have been incorporated into a so- called publication matrix, shown below in table

Table Publication matrix. Minimum figures for publication

Size of selection Size of figure in table % or 1 % and % and 10% combined census combined census

-1 No publication No publication No publication

11-5 No publication No publication Publication in parentheses 51-1 No publication Publication in Normal publication parentheses 11- Publication in Normal publication Normal publication parentheses 1- Normal publication Normal publication Normal publication 9 This "matrix" provides a means of checking whether figures in a table can be published normally or in parentheses or have to be suppressed. The limits shown are provisional.

Sample censuses can be specially adapted to produce more observations, especially concerning flats/households. We know, therefore, that the thresholds will be lower, but how much lower has yet to be calculated.

The figure's left-hand margin shows the upper and lower limits for the figures in a table, and the three column headings show the sample sizes in question. Since the combined census method, as already mentioned, has the same effect on uncertainty as a doubling of the sample, the middle column applies both to a per cent sample and to figures based on a 1 per cent sample supported by figures from a register. The right-hand column applies to per cent samples with support from register figures.

The "publication matrix" shows that satisfactorily reliable figures can be produced from sample censuses for smaller areas than municipalities.

Enumeration district tables are simple - frequently of the persons in paid employment by sexes" or "numbers of flats/households" type. A viable procedure if more detailed breakdowns are sought is to consider the districts in pairs, or in groups. Totally, there are 13 enumeration districts, with a population varying between and 1

In a large majority of cases, it will be possible to produce relatively detailed statistics for sub-areas. "Detailed" in this context means breakdowns corresponding to the enumeration district tables published in the municipal volumes after the 19 census. Sub-areas consist of enumeration districts. There are a total of slightly over 1 sub-areas. In sparsely populated areas they generally number between 1 and 3 inhabitants, and in densely populated areas between 3 and

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Nearly all official Norwegian statistics are prepared by the CBS. Their use for analytical purposes, among others, calls for high quality. The CBS accordingly attaches great importance to the standardisation of statistical terms and classifications, so as to ensure uniform and coordinated statistics. Standardisation is essential for comparisons, whether of the same kinds of data from different times or of data from different areas at the same time.

Among the comments received in 19 there were indications that some municipalities were considering supplements to the census to be carried out under their own direction. To ensure the necessary standardisation and to enable municipalities with over inhabitants who wanted statistics based on full censuses to obtain these, the CBS decided to offer this service to municipalities willing to pay the CBS for additional work.

What the additional costs would amount to was communicated by the CBS in letters to each municipality: roughly Ir 1 for each person aged 1 or over from whom information was to 10 obtained on census forms. For the whole country this would amount to about N.kr 39 million in 1989 prices. Besides writing to each sample municipality, the CBS sent letters to the county municipalities containing surveys of the sample municipalities in the county and what the cost of a full census would be for the whole county. A number of centrally placed institutions, including Ministries, research institutions and organizations, were informed in writing of the offer to the municipalities.

The plans for the census presuppose that information gathered concerning individuals will be the CBS's property, and must thus be treated in accordance with the rules and guidelines which apply to other information gathered according to the Statistics Act. The fact that there is authority in the Act to demand information for the census implies that respondents are obliged to provide the CBS with whatever information it requires. The question of charging municipalities has no bearing on the question of authority.

Following the inquiries, seven municipalities (with a total population of 50 000) have confirmed that they will buy full censuses: Stun, Oppdal, Sula, Vestnes, Stjørdal, Brønnøy and VestvAgØy.

Municipalities have generally given two main reasons for their decisions. Some refused the offer because of their financial positions, or because they regarded a full census as clearly a central government responsibility. Others said no because they found that the census as originally planned would meet their needs for statistical data.

8. Contents

In June 1989, the CBS distributed its proposals as to the contents of the 1990 census to a large number of users of census statistics for comment. Besides distributing material, the Division of Population and Housing Censuses attended a number of meetings where census plans and contents were discussed, notably meetings with the Advisory Committee for Regional Statistics and the Advisory Committee for Labour Market Statistics. Separate discussions were also held with the Ministry of Local Government and Labour, the Norwegian Building Research Institute, and the Norwegian State Housing Bank on the parts of the census relating to housing. Care, especially of children and the elderly, was the topic of discussions with the Ministry of Consumer Affairs and Government Administration, the Institute of Industrial Economy, and the Norwegian Federation of Trade Unions as well as with various scientific groups within the CBS.

The proposals circulated by the CBS for comment are based on experience with and views on the use of the 1980 census, international recommendations for the 1990 census, and opinions and wishes originating in various scientific and research environments within the CBS. The contents of the census have been defined with special emphasis on comparability with previous censuses, relations to other statistics, and problems of special relevance to the nineties which material of this kind should shed light on. An example is the wish for a question on separation of domestic waste.

In addition, numerous practical and technical factors had to be taken into account which, along with tight budget restrictions, set limits to the number of variables the census can cover. The fact that this is to be a postal census addressed to individual respondents also has a distinct impact on the design of the contents.

The contents have been thoroughly discussed in the CBS, on the basis of the comments received. It seems fair to conclude that on the whole the wishes and priorities of users have been accommodated. Questions relating to child care and cam of the elderly will not be included in the census, a decision reached by the CBS in consultation with users in view of the nature of the problem and the fact that the census will be postal, with very limited space on the forms.

A survey of the contents of the census, according to types of variable and sources of data, and the forms to be used in the sample part of the census, are enclosed. The contents of the 199 census do not depart much from those of the 19 census, and can be said to be consistent with the Norwegian census tradition.

9. Authority for the 1990 census

It is the Norwegian Ministry of Finance that has decided that the CBS is to carry out a population and housing census in 199

The decision is made pursuant to the Act on Official Statistics and the Central Bureau of Statistics of 1 June 199 No 5 (the Statistics Act).

The Norwegian Storting has appropriated funds for implementation of the census.

The specific authority for the census reads as follows:

"With authority in section 2 of the Act of 6 June 8 relating to official statistics and the Central Bureau of Statistics, cf. the decision of February concerning the delegation of authority, the Ministry of Finance resolved that the Central Bureau of Statistics shall carry out a nationwide population and housing census as of November 0.

The Central Bureau of Statistics is authorised to determine the contents of the census and the forms to be used, decide who is to complete the forms, determine the amounts to be paid to the municipalities, and take the more detailed decisions necessary for the implementation of the census.

The following guidelines for the census must be observed:

1. The Central Bureau of Statistics shall initiate and conduct a nationwide population and housing census on November 0.

2. All persons resident in Norway on the date of the census shall be covered by the census. 1 3. The census shall combine information from various administrative and statistical registers with information on forms returned by persons in this country on 3 November 1990.

4. In municipalities with fewer than 6 000 inhabitants, a full census shall be held. In those municipalities, persons born in or before 1974 shall complete individual forms. Persons living together in joint households shall return their forms together, enclosing information on the dwelling and household.

In municipalities with 6 000 or more inhabitants, sample censuses can be taken. In municipa- lities in which sample censuses are taken, a selection of persons born in or before 1974 shall complete separate forms. In addition, those selected for the census shall give information concerning their dwelling, household, and persons living in the household to which they belong. The completed forms shall be returned to the Central Bureau of Statistics.

5. In the case of municipalities with 6 000 or more inhabitants which undertake to pay the difference in costs between a full census and a sample census, the Central Bureau of Statistics shall carry out the census as for municipalities with fewer than 6 000 inhabitants.

6. The census will be administered by the Central Bureau of Statistics with the assistance of the population registers and the municipalities.

The census by forms shall primarily be carried out through the mail service. In the event of changes of address, the population register in the municipality to which the form was sent shall supply the correct address.

In each municipality, the task of assisting the Central Bureau of Statistics with the collection of forms shall be supervised by the chairman of the municipal council, or by a person authorised by the chairman with the consent of the Central Bureau of Statistics. The work shall be done by persons whom the supervisor in each municipality finds suitable, subject to the consent of the Central Bureau of Statistics."

1 Processing

The census is to comprise all persons registered in the Central Population Register as resident in this country on 3 November 199

Because preparations to send out the questionnaires must begin considerable earlier than 3 November, the actual selection of persons from the Central Population Register will take place in late August. In addition, registrations of among other things notifications of changes of address from the population registers will be subject to a certain time-lag. For a small proportion of the questionnaires, therefore, the names and addresses preprinted on the forms will be wrong. This could affect the quality of the statistical results, as well as possible confusing those who are to fill in the forms. 13 The amount of missent mail will be kept to a minimum by using third-class mail, thus ensuring that in the event of permanent changes of address the mail will be returned to the CBS and not forwarded to a new address. At the same time, all notifications of new addresses from the Central Population Register from the time of selection and until the mailing date will be fed into the system so that correctly addressed forms can be prepared and included in the original batches for mailing.

We will nevertheless be unable to reach persons living at other addresses than those in the Central Population Register. In such cases, we must hope either that the various informative measures will have the desired effect, or that the subsequent follow-up will produce results. The information will, for good measure, emphasise that the census will not be used to correct population registers or the Central Population Register.

In the full census municipalities, the form part of the census covers all persons aged 16 or over. The mail dispatched to each individual will contain a personal form, guidance on completing the form, and general information about the census. Where flat and household information is concerned, one person in each family as registered in the Central Population Register will in addition receive a housing form to complete. The housing questionnaire will in such cases be printed on the personal form. A postage prepaid reply envelope will be enclosed with the personal and housing forms. To ensure clearly defined residential households, all those who are registered as resident in the same flat must return their forms in the same reply envelope. The reason for this is that the Central Population Register does not use residential households as units. Experience in the 1980 census showed that joint returns were a simple and efficient way of defining residential households.

In the sample censuses, the persons selected must answer questions about themselves and about the flat/household they, live in. There is also a question about the employment of other persons aged 16 or over who are registered as resident in the flat. The housing form also contains a list of names of those residents in the flat which the selected respondent must supplement as the case may be. The preprinted list gives the names and years of birth of members of the same family (according to the Central Population Register) as the selected person. The list is not to be corrected, and any additions shall only apply to persons who "by virtue of their own decision" are registered as resident in the flat.

Behind this plan is the choice of a statistical method whereby the sample is made at the individual level, which offers considerable practical and statistical advantages compared to selection on a family basis. For one thing, it nearly doubles the sample of flat without increasing the costs. The method does, however, assume that statistically necessary information on flats and persons resident in them will be forthcoming, and places responsibility for this on the person selected. The returns will be used in defining residential households in the sample part of the census and aniving at various household variables, for instance the "number of persons in employment". Other variables will be arrived at by means of additional information drawn from those registers which it has been decided to include in the census in respect of the persons on the list of names. It is an important point in this connection that the purpose of the information is the same as in the full census part of the census, but that the method of obtaining it is different. The mail to the selected person will contain a personal and housing form, guidance and information, and a prepaid reply envelope. 14 The packaging of forms, information, advice and reply envelopes will be carried out mechanically, in a process integrated with the preprinting of names and addresses on the forms.

With a view to efficient processing of the material, census units have been divided into groups, each of which has its own return address. Each group consists of several municipalities. By this means, material will be sorted so that it can be processed for smaller areas at a time, making it possible to present very up-to-date results. The deadline of 10 November for returns has been set to ensure rapid response.

Kongsvinger post office will receive the mail from the whole country. The office is the CBS's closest neighbour in Kongsvinger. The mail will be roughly sorted into groups there, where it will remain unopened in its envelopes in mail bags. The opening of the envelopes and further processing will take place in the CBS at Kongsvinger, where computer registration by optical reading (KAISER OMR. 89) will also be carried out. Some cases will call for direct registration from terminals or personal computers. After registration, data will be gathered in a separate form data base.

The processing itself will be by means of a technique known as the "client/server" model, involving a form data base in a server and a base in each work station or personal computer. Work stations will be linked to the server by a local area network. The server, and access to it, will be reserved for the census and those employed in it throughout the census period.

The coding of industries, occupations, and places of work, based on information in the census forms, will be direct from work stations to the form data base. For coding purposes, other information will also be accessible from the work station, including the CBS's Central Register of Establishments and Enterprises. The material will mainly be checked and corrected by computer by means of previously programmes control procedures.

With regard to identification and identification numbers, names and mailing addresses will be on the forms together with an identification number in the form of a bar code, which can be read optically for data registration. The code itself will, unlike national ID numbers (which will not be used), be a random file number. Names and addresses will not be included in the actual census file, but there will be an unambigous identification number, in keeping with normal census practice with a view to subsequent uses of census material. The storage systems used in the census will conform with the CBS's general coding system. In other words, neither names nor national ID numbers will be included in the final census files for 1990. A policy aimed at making the file with population and housing information completely anonymous, and thereby preventing any subsequent uses of the data, would considerably reduce the usefulness of the census. The CBS accordingly recommends a coded census file, and will set up a managed and controllable system for future links with other personal registers. 15 11 U nd prnttn

The census aims at a large and heterogeneous group of users, with the main emphasis on planning and analysis by the public administration and various research institutions. An increasing interest is being taken by the commercial sector, especially among market survey and distribution companies. The media and the schools are other institutions which have been showing a special interest in censuses and their results. The need of the general public for statistical information, as a prerequisite for personal participation in public affairs and a means of exercising control of social developments, should also be mentioned.

Apart from municipal and county volumes, a national summary, and plain documentation of the prosject, budgetary constraints leave the CBS little scope for its own traditional utilization and presentation of the results of the census. The results will principally have to be made available by means of modern information technology, with the data being stored in the CBS's and external data bases. The publication schedules of other CBS units also include plans to publish census results. Individual clients in search of information will to a large extent have to be charged the cost of the service.

In 1990, contact with users will be focussed on determining the contents to be published, and mainly those relating to individual municipalities. Plans for different kinds of products and distribution will also be discussed with users. Where product design is concerned, emphasis will be given to presentation of results by means of diagrams.

The plans below are an indication of how up-to-date published results will be:

- Nationwide figures based on samples will be presented as soon as possible after the census.

- Figures for municipalities etc. will be published continuously through 1991 and 1992. The first municipal volumes are planned for the spring of 1991.

- The final census file is scheduled for completion by the end of 1992.

With regard to access to census results, whether in publications or data bases or in the form of individual data supplied in connection with special assignments, the guidelines laid down in the Statistics Act and in the general concession granted to the CBS by the Data Inspectorate will be adhered to.

It should be emphasised that census information will only be used for statistical purposes, whether in research or for administrative purposes. The information will not be used for administrative purposes in the sense of being used to correct administrative data registers or being made available in connection with cases or decisions concerning individuals directly. 1 It should moreover be noted that we place considerable emphasis on security in all areas, and that questions of security are prominent in our personnel training programs.

The plan is for the census forms to be destroyed when processing has been completed in 199 Any hand-over of census data in machine-readable form to the National Archives will be a matter for separate consideration.

12. Information

Information to the public in connection with the census will chiefly be aimed at ensuring that as many respondents as possible return correctly completed forms by the deadline.

We have set a specific target of at least 9 per cent returns, based on what for statistical purposes is necessary for the successful completion of the census. How this is followed up will depend on which of two alternative results is achieved. If the information achieves its object, the further follow-up will relate to the legal and formal aspects of the obligation to supply information. Otherwise, it will have to entail emergency measures aimed at ensuring that the necessary statistical standards are met.

The message conveyed in the information will be the usefulness of the census; that it is a matter of personal integrity has also been emphasised, and that censuses are "events" which occur regularly in every country. How the census is being carried out in practice, and how each individual should complete the form, are other points which will figure prominently.

Census forms will be sent to all Norwegian population groups. How well equipped people are to complete them correctly, and accordingly the kind of information they need, will vary considerably. It will be important to identify certain target groups in special need of appropriately adapted information, for instance immigrants with language difficulties, or the blind or visually impaired.

Information relating to the census will be of two main kinds. There will be indirect information of a more general nature, to be presented in nationwide campaigns, for instance making use of the mass media. A one-minute video has been prepared for TV broadcasting. The second main category will be information aimed directly at individuals and groups, emphasising the contents of the census forms, guidance, and informative folder.

To give the population and housing census an independent profile, a special logo has been made. This logo is used in brochures, information materials, advertisements, letters etc. to secure the census a recognizable profile.

Information materials are published on eleven different languages in addition to Lapp.

Persons who need help to fill in the forms can call the CBS on a free phone. The free phone is available both on Saturday 3 and Sunday November. During the week 5 November to 9 November the free phone will be available to 1 a.m.

The new Statistics Act and the regulations issued pursuant to it authorise the use of fines in the case of failure to comply with the obligation to reply. It stands to reason that this means of compulsion only figures very modestly in our plans, and that little use is likely to be made of it - unless returns are so disastrously poor that sterner measures are called for to ensure that the census reaches the required standard. 1

Annex 1 The Population and Housing Census 1990 - Survey of contents

1 UNITS AND GEOGRAPHICAL LEVELS

11 Units

- person - place of residence - family - married couple

- resident household - cohabiting couple

1 Geographical levels

- home address - reporting for work address

- enumeration district - county - sub-area - region - municipality of residence - country, total - densely populated area - other aggregations as required

VARIABLES FROM REGISTERS

Demographic information from the Central Population Register

- identity of mother and father - type of family - sex - geographical levels - age - nationality - marital status - country of birth 19 Information on education from the CBS's Information on income etc. from tax register of statistics covering courses of assessment registers, the National education begun and terminated Insurance Administration and others

- pupil/student (yes/no) - earned income - full-time or part-time education - disposable income (inlcuding municipal social benefits) - municipality where course is attended - basis on which gross tax is calculated - highest completed level of education

Information on unemployment from the Information from various registers Directorate of Labour

- valid driving licence (yes/no) - unemployed in the census week - main source of livelihood - unemployed in the course of the year

CHANGES IN THE USE OF REGISTERS SINCE THE 1980 CENSUS

The variables taken from registers are largely the same as in the 1980 census. New variables, either developed or prepared by other departments of the CBS, or added to registered material, are included where relevant. This applies to

- country of birth (based on the Central Population Register) - education abroad, municipality in which a school or course of study is attended (education registers) - basis for calculation of gross tax (tax assessment registers) - information on =employment (the Directorate of Labour) - valid driving licence (the Directorate of Public Roads)

In the Population and Housing Census 1990, information on the main source of means, which was a census form question in 1980, will also be drawn from registers.

No variables used in the 1980 census have been omitted.

3 VARIABLES FROM PERSONAL CENSUS FORMS

Employment Travel to work/commuting - economic activity during the year - place of reporting for work (municipality/address) - industry - frequency of travel - occupation - travelling time - occupational status - means of transport - annual working hours - economic activity in the census week Demography - nrl/rd working hours in - relationship to others in the household the census week - actual hours worked in the census week

CHANGES IN THE PERSONAL CENSUS FORMS SINCE THE 1980 CENSUS

Questions deleted Definitions altered - faith - annual working hours 199 months in full- or put-time employment Questions replaced by information from registers 19 man-hours worked - main source of livelihood - workforce during the week, which now comprises - education abroad - persons at work - persons in employment, but temporarily New questions absent - normal/agreed working hours in the week - unemployed persons The last two groups were not included in the 19 census. - various adjustments to intervals etc. in alternative answers 21

VARIABLES FROM THE HOUSING AND HOUSEHOLD FORM

Information on the flat Information on the building in which the flat is located

- number of rooms - type of building - area - lift (yes/no) - kitchen (yes/no) - number of flats in building - bath/shower in flat (yes/no) - intitial construction year W.C. in flat (yes/no) - sources of heating - floor space, living areas - on which floor is the flat located ownership/tenancy - number of cars available for use - source separation of waste

The housing form sent to sample municipalities will in addition to the questions contain a list of all members of the household registered as resident in the flat. The list is the basis on which flat

households will be calculated in the sample part of the census. The list will also contain information on the employment of the residents.

CHANGES IN THE HOUSING FORM

Question deleted - chimney in the flat - fuel-burning stove in the flat - telephone in the flat

New questions - floor space, living areas - on which floor is the flat located - lift in the building - source separation of waste 3 Annx 2 rnj l bltlln 0 I Undrtt thtplt I Oppvn r ndrtt thtplt. vl br bl brt tl å trbd ttt vl bl ppbvrt på n btrnd t.

IKIG: O CIO r hlt l blnt llr bltlln 0 blåvrt lpnn v jnnfør Sl. J Ikke l: Sttt ntrlbrå

II ■

v br d n d llhtn? 6 vlt r (tttl hdd d p dtt vr øtt d på rbd n ttldnnn brvr hv v nr d rbdtdt? 2. t. 2. nv.? S rttldnnn. n llht. Stt flr r hv nødvnd. Srv f.. hjhjlp, rrlr, frør, plr, rnjrnhjlp, , plt tt ft p rbdtd • Inn • Sn rbdr, lnlnt, førllærr .l. 0 dr j frt pp pørål 4 Yr: på ▪ Etfll Svrfrldr, 0 øtt ft nnt td. vrnn, Opp dr vr, vrbrn, å hvln t rvr d nttt tl Kn . Sbr tnt, nl, rbdtdt d ppv pørål 4? n, nv Gtv . ttr, ønn 0 tfrldr, O S ft llr dlrtd ntt brnbrn ttd .

Mr, fr Andr prnr S lvtnd nærndrvn (r 0 tt på frjll tdr 0 O dnn n

nt Wtt d på frjll tdr dnn n, 2 dd d nnttvnd rbd S fldl tn ft lønn 00 tr årt fr . nv. 8 tl : l d fll t rtn v dnn dn 0 flbdrft 2. nv. 0? Arbd lønnt fldl flbdrft rn å nntt 2 vr n nr rt llr d vnd rbd (f.. bt, årdbr. 8 dd d nnttvnd rbd n fr hjtdt tl rbdtdt n 2. t. 2. nv. 0? 2. t. 2. nv.? S rttldnnn. Md hjtd n drn nvn O 0 fltt øvrt på jt.

I Svrt d n hr, l d Inn, j r : fll t rtn v dnn dn. E3 0 0 0 n "—Å btt på rbdtdt (rbdr f Svrt d n hr, l d El 2 nr vr n ndr hdd d : fll t rtn v dnn dn. hj hltd llr dltdrbd årt fr . nv. 8 tl 2. nv. 0? S rttldnnn. v r dn vnlvtlt Inn, j vr 4 nr llr ntl rbdtd? "—I0 på hj flr tdt dnn n ltd . åndr • tr 04 tr I t d dnn n, l d ltd . åndr fll t rtn v dnn dn. O 0 tr 0 tr 4 Opp nvn dr p dt rbd vr ln td brt d vnlv tdt (bdrftn dr d hdd nntt fr hjtdt tl rbdtdt vnd rbd lnt td årt fr 202 tr 40 tr llr O (én v n 2. t. 2. nv.?. . nv. 8 tl 2. nv. 0. O r Md bdrft n fbr, bt, årdbr, lnnntr .l. O Undr n 4 n 0 vr n tr nnttvnd rbd vn . tført d n 2. t. 2. nv.? O 2 n 608 n

tr O tr Gtv . 0 n llr O 044 n El r 40 tr llr 0 tr O ttd . r 4 vl trnprtdlr brt d vnlv fr hjtdt tl rbdtdt (n v 202 tr Inn, j rv vrhtn p dtt rbd 0 rbdt n 2. t. 2. nv.? tdt å nøt l. dnn n Stt flr r hv nødvnd. Srv f.. prdjn v øblr, l v blr, bhndl, jrdbr, tl v 04 tr nr, rttvrht .l. O l 0 åt

rht: Arbdt d dnn n, l d O r rt l, fll t rtn v dnn dn. r nn 0 n • , tr, bn E Annt

..-- 1111 ImerawallIwor . SEM GAISK E All jn fr hvr llht nd lt tlb én vrnvltt. 2 Annx 3

lj l bltlln 0 Undrtt thtplt

IKIG: r hlt blnt llr Spøråln på dnn dn jldr llhtn dr ppvvrn blåvrt lpnn r rtrrt btt . nvbr 0 føl lrtrt, drn nvnfltt på dn ndr dn. Sl: Et I l:

II • MI I

r ndr br llhtn tttt blj? 0 [

r dt r tttt tt bl r flr llhtn hr fått blj, r dt br nødvnd j llhtn, fll dt t å vr på pøråln bln (llhtn på tt v d. r nd tlb vrnvlt hvr llht l dt ntt br n vrnvltt. Snd drfr ll tn n d ll prn jn fr d btt llhtn tlb dn vr jn. nvlttn.

2 vr n r på 6 2 llr r r 8 r llhtn jøn, bddj, v l h lr llhtn ? dt llhtn? d jøn, nt tt bblr tj? S rttldnnn. n, bd .l.

1 El 2 4 0 rttlnd nbl llr vânn O h tlnttt årddrft

0 6 8 llr flr vln tj lr llhtn ? jd, rh, trrh J j Stt flr r hv llhtn hr O llr vrtldlt tnnbl bblr flr tjr. rntldlt tnnbl llr nnt O blb d ndr nn tjr vr tr r llhtn ålt vdrt • Kjllrtj 0 Undrtj tr? n d ll r tl blfrål, r l, lård llr nnt blb å jøn, n, bd .l. d tjr llr r 0 . 0 2. 0 . 0 4. 0 . llr 2 2 hør Undr 0 O 002 rrtnnb, pnjnt, ldrhj, O O ltærfrlnn llr nnt b fr fllhhldnn 2 O 0 2 El 04 0 v l lfrhld r dt tl llhtn? Stt br tt r. 4 Er dt h ht? 60 2 0 2 v r dn jnn t brttl O O 0 2 " llr bljlp llr O 80 2 O 200 r n v r dn ln llr n d ndr

4 vr trt jøn r dt llhtn? vr n llhtr r dt ht? v lr dn jnn rbdt O 2 (tjntbl r 6 llr r t r tørr jøn llhtn v lr dn fr t vrnt tdr 0 0 2 0 04 0 Mndr O nn 6 2 v lr dn på ndr vlår 0 6 El 0 8 0 llr flr.

Er dt bd llr dj nn llhtn?

vr n prnblr dpnrr d • br llhtn? 6 år bl ht bd? (pprnnl bår

Inn 2 llr flr O 00 llr fr O 46 60 6 Er dt vnnltt nn llhtn? 2 Srtrr hhldnnn tl vnl El vfllt tt? O 0 20 O 6 0 Stt br r fr vflltpr blr lvrthntt ttr t d r rtrt t. O 2 40 O 80 v l ppvrnldr r dt Inn ærlt rtrn. rt llhtn? 0.4 vnl, nlr tlbd .l. O 4 4 O 8 0 rl Sntrlvr Ovnr fr flt O pr Mln, l. (rdtrr .l. nd brnl lj .l. (lj, prfn .l. Eltr Ovnr fr ft Gl Annt vfll vnr, vr brnl (vd, O blr .l. l.

O ttrr MI 2

Annx 4

lj l bltlln 0 I Undrtt thtplt I

Språln p dnn dn jldr llhtn dr Snd dt tflt jt tlb dn vdlt ppvvrn r rtrrt btt . nvbr vrnvlttn. r flr llhtn hr 0 føl lrtrt, drn ndnfr. fått j, rttldnnn.

Adr: MI tt llhtn . nvbr 0. Innttvnd rbd n 2. tbr 2. nvbr 0. Untl rbdtd. O O prnr fdt 4 llr tdlr tr på nvn SE KYSS fr nnttvnd rbd n 2. tbr ltn fr fr. br d prnr r rtrrt 2. nvbr 0 ntl rbdtd fr ll btt llhtn (drn vnfr føl lrtrt. prnr p nvnltn. S rttldnnn. Oppvvr ødlår dd dd nnttvnd rbd: nnttvnd 2 tr 0 tr llr rbd n r n Andr btt llhtn:

r t r hv d trnr r pl

2 vr n r p 6 2 llr r r 8 r llhtn jøn, bddj, v l h lr llhtn ? dt llhtn? d jøn, nt tt bblr tj? S rttldnnn. n, bd .l. O rttlnd nbl llr vånn 0 2 0 0 4 0 vln tj lr llhtn ? O Stt flr r hv llhtn hr h tlnttt årddrft bblr flr tjr. jd, rh, trrh 0 6 0 0 8 0 llr flr • Kjllrtj 0 Undrtj O llr vrtldlt tnnbl

vr tr r llhtn lt vdrt 0 . 0 2. 0 . 0 4. 0 . llr rntldlt tnnbl llr nnt tr? n d ll r tl blfrål, O hør blb d ndr nn tjr å jøn. n, bd .l. 2 O l, lård llr nnt blb 0 Undr 0 2 100-129 m 0 v l lfrhld r dt tl d tjr llr r llhtn? Stt br tt r.

2 2 v r dn jnn t brttl rrtnnb, pnjnt, ldr 0 0 04 O O llr bljlp hj, ltærfrlnn llr nnt b fr fllhhldnn 2 2 v r dn ln llr n O 60 0 O d ndr 4 Er dt h ht? 2 2 0 200 llr v lr dn jnn rbdt O 80 O O 0 r (tjntbl

4 vr trt jøn r dt llhtn? vr n llhtr r dt ht? O v lr dn fr t vrnt tdr 2 6 llr t r O 0 02 0 0 tørr jøn 04 lhtn • v lr dn på ndr vlr n Mndr 2 0 6 0 0 8 0 llr flr nn 6 Er dt bd llr dj nn llhtn? vr n prnblr dpnrr d br llhtn? 6 br bl ht bd? (pprnnl bår rl r Inn 0 2 llr flr O 00 llr fr 0 46 60 6 Er dt vnnltt nn llhtn? 2 Srtrr hhldnnn tl vnl vfllt tt? Stt br r fr vflltpr blr lvrthntt ttr t d r rtrt t. • 0 20 0 6 0 . Inn ærlt rtrn. rt v l ppvrnldr r dt vnl, nlr tlbd .l. llhtn? El 2 40 0 80 Sntrlvr Ovnr fr flt O pr O Mln, l, lj .l. I 0 (rdtrr .l. nd brnl (lj, prfn .l. O 4 4 8 0 Eltr Ovnr fr ft O Gl • Annt vfll vnr, vr brnl (vd, blr .l. .l. 0 ttrr 29 Annx 5

In r pltn nd n Cn rrd t vr 1 r

A ppltn n h bn rrd t n th ntr n 6. It n prtnt ntr btn t ht n bt h ppl hv lvd n r drn th pt 200 r.

A ppltn nd hn n tn n t ntr nd nrll vr tn r rndd b th Untd tn. It t pbl t pr th rlt fr vr ntr.

In th bt ntrt f vrbd

nt ppltn nd hn n prvd dt n dl ln nd lvn ndtn, r n hr nd prfn, tr vl t nd fr th pl f r, dtnl nd n ttr.

h pltn nd n Cn 0 rrd t t prvd th nld f r t th ntrn nt n d d. tn nd n Cn rrd t b r f Sttt 0

A pt f r

h rlt f th pltn nd n Cn 199 r rrd t dvlp ndtr bldn f Wh t nr? h nr tzn tvt dtnl ppr- tnt t h pltn nd n Cn ll l v ptr f td r fr th In nplt th bnft f r dndnt ppltn f l thn 6.000, vrbd brn Evr r - r r fr Onl th ppltn nd bfr 1975 ll plt ntl - th Cntrl hn n v th tnnr. In t r f Sttt prpr th nntn btn thr nplt nl ttt f th p th nfrtn nd th ll prt f th ppl tn, dtn nd n rlr ttt. r rtd t v nfr f th ppl. In r tn. dr t t r pl t ptr f h lv h n rrd n r, th ttt t fll h h r t prvd t prvd nfrtn nfrtn ll hv r hh nl n t vd fr t th d thrh ppltn nd h 1990 pltn nd dr th r rtrd hn n: n Cn bd th th th tnl n nfrtn vn n trtn Off. If f fr nd n dt fr l br nbl t • rfn nd r- th rlr ttt. On nr, n f th n n hr prnl fr d fr rt t h r hr h prn nd n h plt th fr. • rvl t nd fr n fr fr h flt. r All th fr ll b rtr 4 Siz nd pt- rn h r t p nd n n nvlp. n f th hhld lt th n r ll fnd t n th rvr p • n ttn f th rnl r. It prtnt tht ll th (tp f h z rnl r nd n f dlln nd - pltd n r pnt If vrl ppl lvn n fr h flt b rtrnd th flt hv r In th nvlp. • blt fr - vd th n r, t prtn f d- I ffnt t plt t t n n r.

U th ddrd nvl- h rht f ppl d p hh nld th lt fr nt ppl t th tn th n nn - nrn hthr th dt t p- trn pt h bn p- 1 vbr lt th fr jtfd r d nr

h t lt fr rtr- nd nn th pltd - h Cntrl r f tn? tnnr 1 vbr Sttt n v fll n- If fr pl rn frtn bt t th- hv bn nbl t pr- rt d th dln t th vd th nfrtn n tn bfr n- t t nr r l pbl rfnl Sr

h brhr n r n Y t nr ln nl d All nfrtn vn n nt h ff nthn th pltn nd - hr bt n th fr It th rn Mn- n Cn 199 pr- hv rvd b l tr f nn tht h ttd b th Sttt ddd tht th Cntrl At h r ll r f Sttt t hndl th dt ld Ch ff ndtd t rr t ppltn nd dn b th t Cntrl th tp rht f th r- hn n n 199 Off nl r th fr ll b rd b ptr h dn d pr- nt t th At n Off- h nfrtn ll nt b l Sttt nd th pblhd n hh If nd r tn- Cntrl r f Stt- hnn th rpndnt n r n ln t f 1 n 199 r thr ndvdl ntt r nrt - 5 (th Sttt At rtn r rf ff- h rn Strtn h frt rlt h pprprtd hnd fr rl n 199 plnttn f th rd vbr n In rdn th Cn th th Sttt At h frt ntnl fr prn h d nt b- fr th 199 pltn rv h nfrtn d- nd n Cn ll Evn f hv jt t b fnd rl n 1991 r vd r nr th - th frt nplt tn ht ltr t th rlt ll b vl- th rn nd h- If fl tht r nt bl n Sprn 1991 n ttn f 3 - bltd r prttd t vbr hh ll b th v nfrtn rfrn dt fr r ppl nt th rdr th ddl f 199 nr thn 3 d ftr th - xpt t hv th rlt tnnr hv rhd fr ll th n- plt n r 2

pltn nd n Sbjt t prfnl r I ESOA OM Cn 199

h fr r bjt t prfnl r h ll nl b d fr th prp f prp- rn ttt nd ll b rl trd ft: 0 IMPORTANT: l pnl r h pltn nd - bl/bl bll-pnt pn n Cn 199 bn tn b th Cn- trl r f Sttt th t l th

QUESIO 1

Wh l lv n th flt th ?

n Str brthr llt n fr ntn flt n lnd h flt n dplx h flt n bl bhlr flt nd r th rnt-n-l prvt ntrn Eh ldn n Sp Str-n-l bhlr bl ndrd prt flt A n-fl h l flt rthr-n-l Chldrn-n-l Ch ff th prn r prn th Chbtnt Ant h r lvn n th flt Inld ll prn h r rtrd lvn Unl n th flt (ddr n th n bx t th tp f th fr rdn t th htr n ph pltn tr

Mthr fthr Grndprnt Grndhldrn

Othr

QUESIO

Wr nfll pld fr t /t 00 hr n th r fr v 8 t 2 v 0?

Wr n npd fl br In fl bn l ndrrd nfl plnt (h hp, fr. nfjAdnt n ll r prfr- d fr n n th f n fr r Y n bn n f t Inld ll nfl plnt l prt-l r b bttt r f hldrn hld r t v f bn th p d t lln hl- d t ll l b nldd

4f nrd hr, f plt th rt f th rnl r. 33 QUESIO 3

r h n nth r n fll r prtt plnt n th r fr v 8 t v 0? h tn rfr t ttl rn t n nd nt fr ntn h r In ll nfl plnt drn th n hr/h n hhld ll t nth r fr 3 vbr 199 t - vbr 199 An bn fr r Y r pld tttt n r pt b f lln hld lv f r pt (bnd f r r rt-t- nth bn th p t ll b ntd thn 3 hr l hh l prt f th rn t 1 hr r r vr fr- prd l br h r tht fxd lr n fl bn ll h nbr f nth hld b t- nl nt rn t n th bt- td In hl nbr.

QUESIO

Stt th n nd ddr f th pl f r (bn hr r nfll pld fr th lnt prd n th r fr v 8 t v 0. n n ftr, hp, fr, tx ff t.

Wrt fll n/ddr fr ntn If n fr n d tt th n f th nr/plr If r n Utl•& Trygdekontor r n bn tht pl fr n tt r n n nd ddr Strt/d Ullevikgt. t Off 0002 Lfflevlk

QUESIO 5

rb rtl n th bn f tht plr.

h bt dn b ttn th tp f d hh th fr tl prd ll r rv t ped'orrns. Wrt fr ntn frntr nftr, r l, bhp, frn, ln f hnr, rhttr t.

QUESIO

Wht r ptn (ttl t tht pl f plnt?

nt lltv tr h ndtrl rr, nllr, fttr t, bt ttl hh drb r dt h ldr, dvrtn nltnt, tlphn jttr, h hlp, pl br, hrdrr, nr, lnr, , ht tl rr, ln, nrr hl thr t.

QUESIO 7

Wht r nntn th th pl f plnt ntnd ndr tn 4?

rnnt r tprr ppntnt

Slf-pld (nr

A fl br pld n fl bn th n fxd p 4 QUESIO

Wr nfll pld n th 7 Ot - 2 v 0?

Y hld h ff yea vn . r fr r b f lln, hld, lv f bn th p t. ff nrd hr, rz A plt th rt f th Y rnl r.

QUESIO 9

Wht r nrlrd nbr f rn hr pr ?

Stt h n hrn nrl r pr In f n rnt n 1- 9 hr 3-3 hr th nbr f hr tt th nbr rd pn If hv nt ntrd n rnt tt r vr- 1-19 hr 35-39 hr rn hr An bn fr r b f lln hld lv f b- n th p t ll l b ntd -9 hr hr r r rn hr

QUESIO 1

n hr r nfll pld n th 7 Ot - v? Stt th nbr f hr r - tll pld drn tht In- 1-9 hr 35-39 hr ld vrt nd thr xtr r bt d nt nld rn hr bn- d t lln hld lv f b- 1-19 hr hr r r n th p t

-9 hr n I dd If dd nt r tht nt r , f n plt th tht rt f th rnl r. 3-3 hr 1

QUESIO 11

Whr dd rprt fr r n th fr 2 Ot t v?

I rprtd t th pl f r/ddr l- h tn rfr t th pl hr rprtd fr r t th trt f th td ndr tn rn d n th 7 Otbr t vbr

I rprtd rlrl lhr Stt th ddr If rprtd rlr-1 fr r t nthr l/dr thn th n vn ndr tn h t ff nd rt th n f th nplt Mnplt nd th ddr f th pl rpr- td fr r Strt/d rn h rt.dn, t Off , nld fr ntn n h r brd thr hp tht Othr x- pl b ln r trn tt I rprtd fr r t vr pl tht lltr U rprtd fr r t vr pl tht , l.= plt th rt f th rnl r. 35 QUESIO 1

n t dd trvl r /fr r h t r pl f plnt n th 7 Ot - 2 v? If r pl f r t h fr n- tn frr h lv nd r n Home n th ddr n th bx t th tp f th fr. th fr h ff n I n. t d-ldntl n I lv t On h h dd nt lv h (th d- pl f r (r dr t th tp f th fr t rprt fr r h ff n. I nt t h t h -3 t lltt. n I nt t lf dd nt trvl tht h tht t r r 00 nt plt th rt f th rnl

QUESIO 13

ln dd t nrll t t t fr h t r pl f r (n n th fr 7 Ot t v?

Evrbd ll tt thr trvl t fr thn 15 nt 5-59 nt thr f= (th ddr n th n bx t th tp f th fr nldn th h b f ln dtn btn 15-9 nt -9 nt h nd pl f r r tprrl tn n fr ntn brr r bhlr flt 3- nt 9 nt r r Wln nd tn t ll b nl- dd tn h tn hldrn t th nrr hl hld l b n- ldd

QUESIO 1

Whh n f trnprt dd nrll fr h t r pl f r (n n th 7 Ot - v?

Ch ff r thn n nr f pplbl.

Cr t Onl tt n f trnprt d btn fnx (th ddr n th n bx t th tp f th fr nd r pl Cld ld f r fr r thn 1 nt If nrll d r thn n n f trnprt t r n th d h ff ll th n f trnprt rn tr ndr- Othr d rnd rl 6

OUSIG OM vrn f th n r ll b d n n nplt hr ll rt dnt ll nr nd nthr n n nplt hr nl ltd rp ll nr. l ll fnd dln fr bth vrn. h tn 26 r th (dn td fr bth vrn.

ESIO 1

pltn nd Sbjt t rfnl Sr I OUSIG OM n Cn 199

IMOA h tn n th n r rlt t th flt n hh th rpndnt r- l pnl r trd lvn n 3 vbr 199 r- bl/bl bll-pnt pn dn t th pltn tr S th d- dr n th n bx n th rnl r th t l th

. v thr rdnt n th flt( rvd n r? Y

If th flt h rvd l, If r thn n prn n th flt h rvd th n n r t hld b r t nl nr t nr th tn n I

pltd nd rtrnd n th • dlln n n f th Onl n ddrd nvlp fr ddrd nvlp tthr h flt ll b d hrfr rtrn ll th fr fr th ll th rnl r th rdnt n th flt n th ddrd nvlp

(*) h nn f th termjlat xplnd n th dln t tn n th rnl r.

ESIO

År pltn nd Sbjt t rfnl Sr OUSIG ‘"111" n Cn 199

h tn n th n r rlt t th flt hr trn th pltd fr n th nld ddrd nv- th rpndnt rtrd lvn n 3 vbr 199 lp If r thn n prn n th flt h rvd th rdn t th pltn tr ddr bl fr nlt th dln

Addr

I. rn lvn n th flt n vbr 0. Gnfl plnt n th 7 Otbr vbr 0. Wrn hr pr .

OU prn brn n 4 r rlr h r nt lrd l CECK O n th bx fr nfl plnt n th 2 td. Onl nld prn h r rtrd r Otbr2 vbr 0 nd fr l rn dnt n th flt (th bv ddr rdn t th hr fr ll prt n th lt f n. Cnlt th pltn Register. dln.

pndnt Yr f rth W nt W nfll pld nfll r 1 - 9 r 3 r - pld hr drn r hr d- Othr rdnt n th flt th rn th

I . I I I I

I II I

I I U prt ht f ppr y nd r p 37 QUESIO 1

h nn f th tr :agt: xplnd n th dln t tn 1 n th rnl r

Othr lvn n th ft

h lt f thr lvn n th flt h bn btnd fr th Cntrl Indx f It nl- d prn brn n 197 r rlr h bln t th dt fl f th prn pltn th fr nd h r rtrd n th flt (ddr th lttr n th pltn - tr

h trnrpt d n rl At hrfr hn d t vnt rr nd dth ftr tht t hv nt bn nldd

Grd Eplnt drn th 7 Otbr vbr 0

ll r prfrd fr n n th f n fr r n tvt - n f t Wr n npd fl br n fl bn l ndrd nfl plnt (fr ntn n hp r n fr

A prn nfll pld l f h/h nt rn tht b f hft r rttn t lln hld lv f bn th p t

. Wl rn hr

ll b ttd n th ndr Qtn 9 n th rnl r Ch ff th nbr f hr th prn agringik r pr

QUESIO

n r f 6 r tr r r r n th flt?

1 3 5 Inld lvn r f r tr r r hh n b d ll r rnd

7 9 r r nt nld thn bthr tr lt hll ntrn r tr r tlt r t nr r d ll fr rl prp

QUESIO 3

lr th flt n r tr? Inld ll r fr dlln prp, nldn thn, hll U r jdnt hn ttn th , bthr t. z f th flt

thn 5 1-19 h z f th flt n r tr th ttl r f r d fr dlln prp 5-59 13-19 Y hld nld ll lvn r n- trn r tr hll tr -79 15-199 r tlt r t

-99 r r Y hld nt nld r b- nt tt trr lt t 8 QUESIO

Wht th z f th thn n th flt? Whn ttn hthr th thn lrr r llr thn hld r r hr n thn Inld flr p fr thn nt n th flt bnt t thn

QUESIO 5

I thr bth r hr In th flt?

Y

QUESIO

I thr tr lt n th flt?

Y

QUESIO 7

Wht nd f htn thr n th flt?

Cntrl htn (r- Stv fr ld fl If th flt h ntrl htn (rdtr dtr t (l prffn t t r f ht hld nt ndr h th ntrl htn t (th blr htd hn nrn th Eltr tv h- Stv fr ld fl tn A frpl ndrd Elf tn bl t (d t t fr lt fl.

QUESIO

th flt hv thn, bthrhr, tr lt nd t lt n lvn r n th flr?

Y

QUESIO 9

On hh flr th flt ltd? Ch ff r thn n nr f th flt h lvn r n r thn n flr.

nt flr r rnd flr

1 3 5 r hhr 39 QUESIO 1

Wht tp f nrhp r rntl rnt ppl t th ft? Mr th r nl • A tff clundlina flt hh d I/ n t thrh hn -prtv vlbl thrh th plr It t r hn rprtn nrll b vtd hn th pl- nt dntnd r ftr rtn I/ n t ln r jntl th thr ltd prd

A MIAIS-Undldd nd - I/ rnt t thrh /r plr (tff rd rntl rnt hh xpr t dlln rtn dt Al bl nd- rd rnt fr ltd prd lln d vlbl thrh th plr fr I/ rnt t fr ltd prd ltd prd hl b ndrd tff dlln

I/ hv t n thr tr Mj, thr rntl rrn- nt thn th ntnd bv Expl ntl rnt n r- dn th th nt At vrbl rntl rnt dtn frr nr t An nr-tnnt flt nd ll thrt flt ll l b n- ldd hr

QUESIO 11

n prvt r r vlbl t th lvn n th ft? Y hld lt th ttl nbr f pr- n 1 3 r r vt r hh r vlbl t th pr- n lvn n th flt fr thr prvt Al nld ttn n bnd pnr r nd vn d fr prvt prp

QUESIO 1

th hhld nrll prt (t dt t?

Onl h ff t hh dlvrdpd p ftr t h bn prtd.

pl prtn Y hld h ff ll t hh th fflt n tl pr- nt vrnh l t hhld t l f ptn t dlvr fr lltn h fr Intn ppr lltn pr drd n pl ntnr (fr Othr rb Intn l dlvr t hp ptrl ttn t (h bttr l Gl dlvr t thr rvr f p- l t prt prt f th rb- lltn t (prtn t ttr r QUESIO 13

In ht tp f bldn th ft ltd? A pinalolarnilu h dthd h- (t lt hlf tr t th nxt bl- dn It l ntn bhlr flt thd n-fl h r fr- nd n r r r b d bhlr flt h A linkod h (l lnd nl-f- l h lnd t nthr h b tr r r/rprt hll nd h tn h trr t h r vrtll dvdd t-f- l h In trr h, th flt hv bn ntrtd n lp nd vrl f th flt hv trr n th ntr rf r rzntll dvdd t-fl h- prt f th rf f th flt bl rr- r thr h th l thn 3 bl hld b ndrd bl flr nd nt trr h

Othr lt nt th l thn 3 l f flt r thr dlln nt flr nld fr ntn fr-fl th 3 flr r r h nl-fl h th l thn hlf tr btn th h t

h flt ltd n nnr( bt- Crl bldn brdn dn r bldn fr lltv h h ld ppl h ltr "fln f l thn n hlf f th flr rtr r thr bldn fr l- p In th h d prvt ltv hpn rdn

QUESIO 1

I thr l(ft n th h?

Y

QUESIO 15

n flt r n th h?

1 3 5

9 r r ?

QUESIO 1 Whn th h blt? (Intl ntrtn r.

19 r rlr 19-19 h ntrtn r th r hn t lt hlf f th flt n th h r rd fr ptn In f h 191-19 191-197 hh hv bn rhblttd hld h ff th ntl ntrtn r nd nt th r t rhblttd 191-19 1971-19

191-195 191-199 1 Annex

Full n nplt rv

1 Agdenes 153 Evenes 9 ø 3 Alvdal 937 Evje og n 117 Hitra 719 Andebu 15 dj 7 jrtdl 11 Aremark 111 FinnØ 1133 Hjelmeland 1 Askvoll 1 tjr 13 bl 17 Audnedal 19 jlr 71 Hof 157 Aukra 159 Flakstad Hol 159 Aure 179 Flatanger 1 Hole 11 Aurland 31 Flesberg 1 HoMen 1 Austevoll 0615 RA 1 Hornindal 1 Austrheim 39 lldl 39 Hurdal 155 Averø 119 Forsand 111 Hvaler 11 ltrnd 17 Fosnes 113 Hyllestad 15 llnn 155 Frei 13 Hægebostad 19 Bardu 919 Froland 11 nr 139 rn 1717 Frosta 173 lndt • 199 Berg 1 rø 1917 Ibestad rlvå 11 Fusa 179 Indrø 111 Bindal 31 Fyresdal 935 Iveland 9 rn 3 Gamvik 53 Jevnaker 1915 jrOY 13 Gaular 17 Jondal 111 Bjerkreim 13 Gldål 131 ltr 17 Bjugn 1557 Gjn 1 Karasjok 115 Bokn 3 Gjerdrum 193 Krlø 13 Bremner 911 Gjerstad 11 Kautokeino 113 rØnnØY 17 Gol 1 Klæbu 93 lnd 15 Grane Krødhrd 91 l 13 Granvin 17 Kvalsund 1 BØ 1919 Gratangen 137 Kvinesdal 17 BØ 17 Grong 9 Kviteseid Atfjrd 3 Grue 11 KvtØ 511 Dovre 111 Gln 1911 Kvæfjrd 17 Drangedal 1571 Halsa 193 Kvænnn 19 rØ 19 rø 19 Käfjrd 17 Onn 1517 Hareid 7 Lardal 13 Eid 15 Hasvik 19 vnn 1551 Eide 1 ttfjlldl Lebesby 13 Edfjrd 11 Hemne 119 Leikanger 3 Engerdal 13 Hemnes 1 rtjrd 111 Etne 1 Hemsedal 1755 Leka 51 Etnedal 11 HerØ 171 Leksvik

51 Lesja 11 nnø 155 Strnd 173 rn 157 ndl 19 Stryn 19 Lindesnes 5 Ringebu 1531 Sula 51 Lom 13 Roan 113 Suldal 1 Loppa 3 Rollag 15 Sund 111 Lund 131 lvø 11 Sveio 13 rO 13 OlO 711 Svelvik 1 Luster 11 11 SOn 193 Lyngen 1 Roos 5 Sør-Ardl 1 ærdl 15 Rost 519 Sør-rn 151 dnn 1739 ørv 15 SOrfld 119 Marker 135 åd 195 SOrr 11 Mrnrdl 193 Slann 1 Sørønd 1 Mfjrdn 1 Saltdal 5 Tana 15 Meland 1 Snnr 15 Tingvoll 13 Meldal 151 Sande 15 Tjeldsund 1711 Meråker 1546 Sandøy 0723 TjOme 155 Midsund 1135 Sauda 33 Tokke 15 Mdln Shrd 3 Tolga 17 Moskenes 1 Selbu 19 Torsken 173 Mosvik 11 Selje 197 rnø 1 Måø Sjrd 91 rØ 175 Namdalseid 1 Sigdal 135 Træna 17 Namsskogan 11 Siljan 1 rOtd 133 Naustdal 1 Sirdal 157 tn 1 Nes 157 Skaun 91 vdtrnd 1 Nesna 17 Skiptvet 15 Tydal 7 Nesseby 1 Skjerstad 37 Tynset 153 Nesset 191 SjrvO 15 fjrd 3 Nissedal 513 Sjå 13 Tysnes 1 rd-Odl 159 Skodje 131 Ullensvang 15 Norddal 1913 Skånland 1516 Ulstein 19 Nordkapp 1573 Sl 133 Ulvik 19 Nordreisa 113 Snllfjrd 1151 Utsira 33 Nore og Uvdal 173 Snå 3 d 1751 ærø 1 Sogndal 151 Vaksdal 13 Oppdl 1111 Sokndal 9 Valle 1 Os 11 Slnd 55 Vang 133 Osen 117 Sndln 1511 Vanylven 17 Ovrhll 13 Spdbr rd Porsanger 1 Steigen 11 Varteig 1 dø 171 Stjørdl 115 Vega 71 Ramnes 3 Stor-Elvdal 91 årdh 3 Rendalen 15 Stordal 17 Verran 135 Rennebu 1939 Strfjrd 1535 Vestnes 3

53 Vestre Slidre 515 åå 51 Øyer 1 tvAØ 71 Våle 159 Øygarden 11 Vevelstad 137 Wier 5 Øystre Slidre 117 Vik Våler 13 Åfjord 175 Vikna 1 Øksnes 19 Al 115 Vindafjord 11 Ølen 99 Aml 3 Vinje 11 Orland 9 Åmot 157 ærø 153 Ørskog 1 Åseral

5

Annex 7

Sample municipalities, survey

P.c. P.c. P.c. 1 Alstahaug 1 Hadsel 1 1 Moss 1 1 Alta 1 11 Halden 1 19 Mållv 171 AnlO 1 Hamar 1 173 Namsos 1 93 Arndl 1 1 Hammerfest 3 Nannestad Asker 1 153 Haram 1 15 Narvik 1 1 Askim 1 191 Harstad 1 5 Nedre Eiker 1 17 AskØ 1 11 Haugesund 1 3 Nes 1 1 Ar-lnd 1 1515 rØY 14 1 Nesodden 1 1933 Balsfjord 7 Holmestrand 1 33 Nittedal 1 1 Bamble 1 Hurum 19 Nome 11 Bergen 1119 HA 1 51 Nord-Fron 1 dO 1 119 Karmøy 10 5 rd-Ardl 113 r 1 11 Klepp 1 53 Nordre Land 71 Borre 1 Kongsberg 1 7 Notodden 1 19 ær Kongsvinger 1 7 øttrø 1 •119 Ol 1 15 Krr 1 1 Odd 1 Drammen 11 Krtnnd 13 OnØ 1 15 Eidsberg 1 153 Krtnnd 1 17 Oppård 1 Ed 133 KrårØY 13 Ordl 1 37 Eidsvoll 1 13 Kvam 1 13 Os 1 111 Eigersund 1 1 Kvnnhrd 1 31 Oslo 7 Elverum 1 79 Larvik 1 153 OtrØY 9 Enebakk 1 1931 nv 1 5 Porsgrunn 1 13 Farsund 1 1719 Levanger 1 1 Rakkestad 11 Fauske 1 Lier 1 133 Rana 1 7 Fet 1 51 Lillehammer 1 117 Randaberg 1 Fjell 1 9 Lillesand 1 1539 Rauma 1 Flekkefjord 1 13 ndå 1 5 Ringerike 1 11 Flora 1 533 Lunner 1 Ringsaker 1 13 drtd 1 13 Lyngdal 1 Rissa 15 Frogn 1 3 Lørenskog 10 91 Risør 20 15 Fræna 14 15 tn 13 Rygge 1 13 Ord 1 13 Malvik 1 ælnn 1 5 Gausdal 1 Mandal 1 7 Røyken 10 153 Giske 153 Melhus 1 713 Sande 11 Gjesdal 137 MlO 7 Sndfjrd 1 5 Gjøv 1 1 Mdtr Gldl 11 Sandnes 1 15 Gloppen 3 Modum 1 1 Sarpsborg 10 53 Gran 1 91 Moland 1 517 Sel 9 Grtd 1 1 Molde 1 31 Skedsmo 1 P.c. P.c. P.c. 13 Ski 1 3 SOr-rnr 1 171 Verdal 1 Skien 1 19 Sr-Odl 11 Vestby 1 115 Skjeberg 1 SOr 1 59 Vain Toten 1 11 Sola 1 111 Time 1 1519 Volda 1 17 Sortland 1 Tinn 135 Voss 1 17 Stange 1 19 Tromso, 15 ån 1 113 Stavanger 11 Trondheim 139 åø 17 Steinkjer 1 Trysil 15 Ort 1 7 Stokke 1 13 Tune 1 5 Østre Toten 1 11 Stord 1 11 Tysvær 1 Ovr Eiker 1 113 Strand 1 7 nbr 1 9 Otd 1 153 Sunndal 35 Ullensaker 1 15 Ålesund 10 15 Srndl 1 Vang 1 1 Årdal 20 15 Sykkylven 1 Vefsn 1 1 As 1 11 Sn 11 Vennesla 1 5 An 1 53 Sndr Land