Cricket Penalty for Illegal Bowling Action
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The Swing of a Cricket Ball
SCIENCE BEHIND REVERSE SWING C.P.VINOD CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Pune BACKGROUND INFORMATION • Swing bowling is a skill in cricket that bowlers use to get a batsmen out. • It involves bowling a ball in such a way that it curves or ‘swings’ in the air. • The process that causes this ball to swing can be explained through aerodynamics. Dynamics is the study of the cause of the motion and changes in motion Aerodynamics is a branch of Dynamics which studies the motion of air particularly when it interacts with a moving object There are basically four factors that govern swing of the cricket ball: Seam Asymmetry in ball due to uneven tear Speed Bowling Action Seam of cricket ball Asymmetry in ball due to uneven tear Cricket ball is made from a core of cork, which is layered with tightly wound string, and covered by a leather case with a slightly raised sewn seam Dimensions- Weight: 155.9 and 163.0 g 224 and 229 mm in circumference Speed Fast bowler between 130 to 160 KPH THE BOUNDARY LAYER • When a sphere travels through air, the air will be forced to negotiate a path around the ball • The Boundary Layer is defined as the small layer of air that is in contact with the surface of a projectile as it moves through the air • Initially the air that hits the front of the ball will stick to the ball and accelerate in order to obtain the balls velocity. • In doing so it applies pressure (Force) in the opposite direction to the balls velocity by NIII Law, this is known as a Drag Force. -
Cricket Injuries
CRICKET INJURIES Cricket can lead to injuries similar to those seen in other sports which involve running, throwing or being hit by a hard object. However, there are some injuries to look out for especially in cricket players. Low Back Injuries A pace bowler can develop a stress fracture in the back. This can develop in the area of the vertebra called the pars interarticularis (“pars”) in players aged 12- 21. Parsstress fractures are thought to be caused by repetitive hyper-extension and rotation of the spine that can occur in fast bowling. The most common site is at the level of the 5th lumbar vertebra (L5). Risk Factors Factors in bowling technique that are thought to increase the risk of getting a pars stress fracture are: • Posture of the shoulders and hips when the back foot hits the ground: completely side-on and semi-open bowling actions are the safest. A mixed action (hips side-on and shoulders front-on or vice versa) increases the risk of injury. Interestingly, recent research is suggesting the completely front-on action may be unsafe as rotation of the spine tends to occur in the action following back foot impact. Up until now, front-on was thought to be the safest. • Change in the alignment of the shoulders or of the hips during the delivery stride. • Extended front knee at front foot contact with the ground. • Higher ball release height. The other general risk factor for injuries in bowlers is high bowling workload: consecutive days bowling and high number of bowling sessions per week. -
ICC Annual Report 2014-15
ANNUAL REPORT 2014-2015 INCLUDING SUMMARISED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OUR VISION OF SUCCESS AS A LEADING GLOBAL SPORT, CRICKET WILL CAPTIVATE AND INSPIRE PEOPLE OF EVERY AGE, GENDER, BACKGROUND AND ABILITY WHILE BUILDING BRIDGES BETWEEN CONTINENTS, COUNTRIES AND COMMUNITIES. Strategic Direction A BIGGER, BETTER, GLOBAL GAME TARGETING MORE PLAYERS, MORE FANS, MORE COMPETITIVE TEAMS. Our long-term success will be judged on growth in participation and public interest and the competitiveness of teams participating in men’s and women’s international cricket. Mission Statement AS THE INTERNATIONAL GOVERNING BODY FOR CRICKET, THE INTERNATIONAL CRICKET COUNCIL WILL LEAD BY: • Providing a world class environment for international cricket • Delivering ‘major’ events across three formats • Providing targeted support to Members • Promoting the global game Our Values THE ICC’S ACTIONS AND PEOPLE ARE GUIDED BY THE FOLLOWING VALUES: • Fairness and Integrity • Excellence • Accountability • Teamwork • Respect for diversity • Commitment to the global game and its great spirit 01 CONTENTS FOREWORD 02 Chairman’s Report 04 Chief Executive’s Report 06 Highlights of the Year 08 Obituaries & Retirements DELIVERING MAJOR EVENTS 12 ICC Cricket World Cup 2015 20 ICC Women’s Championship 22 Pepsi ICC World Cricket League PROMOTING THE GLOBAL GAME 26 LG ICC Awards 2014 28 ICC Cricket Hall of Fame 30 Cricket’s Great Spirit PROVIDING A WORLD-CLASS ENVIRONMENT FOR INTERNATIONAL CRICKET 34 Governance of the Global Game 36 ICC Members 38 Development 40 Commercial 42 Cricket -
Bowling Performance Assessed with a Smart Cricket Ball: a Novel Way of Profiling Bowlers †
Proceedings Bowling Performance Assessed with a Smart Cricket Ball: A Novel Way of Profiling Bowlers † Franz Konstantin Fuss 1,*, Batdelger Doljin 1 and René E. D. Ferdinands 2 1 Smart Products Engineering Program, Centre for Design Innovation, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne 3122, Australia; [email protected] 2 Department of Exercise and Sports Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney 2141, Australia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +61-3-9214-6882 † Presented at the 13th conference of the International Sports Engineering Association, Online, 22–26 June 2020. Published: 15 June 2020 Abstract: Profiling of spin bowlers is currently based on the assessment of translational velocity and spin rate (angular velocity). If two spin bowlers impart the same spin rate on the ball, but bowler A generates more spin rate than bowler B, then bowler A has a higher chance to be drafted, although bowler B has the potential to achieve the same spin rate, if the losses are minimized (e.g., by optimizing the bowler’s kinematics through training). We used a smart cricket ball for determining the spin rate and torque imparted on the ball at a high sampling frequency. The ratio of peak torque to maximum spin rate times 100 was used for determining the ‘spin bowling potential’. A ratio of greater than 1 has more potential to improve the spin rate. The spin bowling potential ranged from 0.77 to 1.42. Comparatively, the bowling potential in fast bowlers ranged from 1.46 to 1.95. Keywords: cricket; smart cricket ball; profiling; performance; skill; spin rate; torque; bowling potential 1. -
AA-Postscript.Qxp:Layout 1
THURSDAY, DECEMBER 19, 2013 SPORTS England eye redemption after Ashes surrender PERTH: The clouds drifting over the it was too late and Australia went on to The tourists’ main problem, and one of his career average of 47. He got a gem of a Ashes test match in his second test match, WACA on Tuesday produced an apt set- dish out what they were subjected to in many, remains that they could not get on delivery from Harris to be bowled for a under that kind of pressure, bodes well.” ting for the gloom that settled on English the 2010-11 series which England won 3- top of Australia’s excellent bowling attack golden duck in the second innings at Unfortunately for Cook, his bowlers have cricket as the tourists surrendered the 1. England’s fourth innings run chase at exploiting every bit of their home advan- Perth but had fallen tamely to off-spinner also been taken apart by the Australians. Ashes at their earliest opportunity at a the WACA was the third time in succession tage. England’s run-rate in this series lum- Nathan Lyon in the first after grinding out Senior bowlers James Anderson and sweltering Perth. Visiting captain Alastair that the tourists were asked to chase a bers around 2.7, compared to close to four early pressure. Graeme Swann in particular have been Cook had demanded introspection from 500-plus victory target which no team has per over they achieved in their last Ashes Cook has been one of many victims targetted for some harsh punishment, his team mates ahead of the third test but achieved so far. -
CRICKET COACHING MANUAL Teachers Edition 2016
Glenmore Cricket Club CRICKET COACHING MANUAL Teachers Edition 2016 Skills Focus BASIC BATTING Batting Batting stance Pick up the bat by first cocking at the wrists Side on Feet shoulder width apart Batting grip Head upright, eyes level V’s formed by thumb and forefinger aligned down front of bat Hands together in middle of handle BASIC BOWLING Grip Bowling with a run up Grip the ball with thumb underneath and first two To teach bowling with a run-up only progress to fingers on top next point when the previous skill is mastered Bowl the ball with seam upright pointing toward Revise: basic bowling action (arm action, including the batter release of the ball) LIFT front knee and at the same time, perform the When at the bowling crease beginners should be: initial stretching movement of the arms. STAMP Side on to the target on front foot in a straight line towards the target Non-bowling hand reaches up high and bowling and BOWL hand moves down low STEP THROUGH with back foot towards the target Non-bowling hand pulls straight down as bowling by taking it across the front foot. LIFT front foot, hand moves over the top (arm straight) to bowl STAMP and BOWL Follow through with bowling hand across the Then, build run-up one step at a time. That is, one body STEP back foot STEP THROUGH across front foot, LIFT front foot, STAMP and BOWL FIELDING THROWING & CATCHING Ground Fielding Catching Stay front on to the ball Move into position quickly Bend knees and move into a low position Keep head still, eyes on ball Fingers point -
WTC Playing Conditions
ICC Test Match Playing Conditions Effective May 2021 CONTENTS 1 THE PLAYERS .............................................................................................................................................. 1 2 THE UMPIRES............................................................................................................................................... 4 3 THE SCORERS ............................................................................................................................................. 8 4 THE BALL ...................................................................................................................................................... 8 5 THE BAT ....................................................................................................................................................... 9 6 THE PITCH .................................................................................................................................................. 10 7 THE CREASES ............................................................................................................................................ 12 8 THE WICKETS............................................................................................................................................. 12 9 PREPARATION AND MAINTENANCE OF THE PLAYING AREA .................................................................. 13 10 COVERING THE PITCH .............................................................................................................................. -
Coaching Manual
Coaching Guide 1 Index Introduction to Kwata Cricket 3 The Aims and objectives of Kwata Cricket 4 Equipment for Kwata Cricket 5 Guidelines and Rules for Kwata Cricket 6 How to play Kwata Cricket 7 Position of players for a game of Kwata Cricket 9 Kwata Cricket Scoring System 10 Umpiring 12 The Role of the Coach 13 Kwata Cricket Etiquette 14 Social Values 15 Batting Fundamentals 16 Bowling Fundamentals 18 Fielding 20 Running between Wickets 22 Wicket Keeping 23 Dismissals 24 Coaching Drills 27 Guidelines for Kwata 11-a-side Cricket 29 This publication is intended to support life skills activities and may be copied and distributed as required, provided the source is fully acknowledged. Published by Cricket Namibia with the support of UNICEF Kwata Cricket is a Cricket Namibia Initiative supported by UNICEF © Cricket Namibia June 2011 ISBN-13: 978-99916-835-7-7 2 IntroductionIntroduction to Kwatato Kwata Cricket Cricket Kwata Cricket was launched to encour- level surface and no pitch preparation or age the growth and development of maintenance is needed. Kwata Cricket cricket among all children under the 10 eliminates boredom and distraction of- years of age, a group previously largely ten encountered among young children neglected because of problems encoun- at net practice and the use of a specially tered with traditional coaching methods. formulated softball eliminates the fear of Kwata Cricket gives all young children facing a hard ball and does away with the the opportunity to be exposed to the need for protective equipment such as game of cricket. pads and gloves. -
Introduction to Sports Biomechanics: Analysing Human Movement
Introduction to Sports Biomechanics Introduction to Sports Biomechanics: Analysing Human Movement Patterns provides a genuinely accessible and comprehensive guide to all of the biomechanics topics covered in an undergraduate sports and exercise science degree. Now revised and in its second edition, Introduction to Sports Biomechanics is colour illustrated and full of visual aids to support the text. Every chapter contains cross- references to key terms and definitions from that chapter, learning objectives and sum- maries, study tasks to confirm and extend your understanding, and suggestions to further your reading. Highly structured and with many student-friendly features, the text covers: • Movement Patterns – Exploring the Essence and Purpose of Movement Analysis • Qualitative Analysis of Sports Movements • Movement Patterns and the Geometry of Motion • Quantitative Measurement and Analysis of Movement • Forces and Torques – Causes of Movement • The Human Body and the Anatomy of Movement This edition of Introduction to Sports Biomechanics is supported by a website containing video clips, and offers sample data tables for comparison and analysis and multiple- choice questions to confirm your understanding of the material in each chapter. This text is a must have for students of sport and exercise, human movement sciences, ergonomics, biomechanics and sports performance and coaching. Roger Bartlett is Professor of Sports Biomechanics in the School of Physical Education, University of Otago, New Zealand. He is an Invited Fellow of the International Society of Biomechanics in Sports and European College of Sports Sciences, and an Honorary Fellow of the British Association of Sport and Exercise Sciences, of which he was Chairman from 1991–4. -
Throwing Or Bowling? Biomechanical Analysis of Suspect Actions
Throwing or bowling? Biomechanical Analysis of Suspect Actions Text: Helen Bayne (née Crewe), Head Biomechanist, hpc A distinctive feature of cricket is that the bowler is required to deliver the ball with an overarm action but without throwing. The Laws of Cricket state that “a ball is fairly delivered in respect of the arm if, once the bowler’s arm has reached the level of the shoulder in the delivery swing, the elbow joint is not straightened partially or completely from that point until the ball has left the hand”. The implementation of this law has been a controversial and emotive issue ever since the earliest documented reports of umpires calling “no-ball” for throwing in the 1890s and has undoubtedly affected many bowlers’ cricket careers. In recent times, modern technology has enabled a more objective procedure for evaluating bowling action legality. Even in players who bowl with the straightest of arms, the elbow joint is not completely rigid during bowling. So, in 2005, following a review of around Carrying angle 130 spin, medium and fast bowlers who had been examined using field-based and laboratory-based testing methods, the ICC introduced a tolerance the bowler’s arm and body move through a threshold of 15 degrees. This refers specifically to complex three-dimensional range so that you could straightening of the elbow (extension) between the never be in a perfect position that would allow you points where the upper arm reaches horizontal to view the flexion-extension of the elbow. Lastly, during the delivery stride and when the ball is anatomical variations can create an illusion that the released. -
ICC Match Officials' T20 Almanac 2017/18
ICC T20 ALMANAC 2017 / 2018 ICC Match Officials’ T20 Almanac 2017/18 (Incorporating the 2017 Code of the MCC Laws of Cricket) Effective 28 September 2017 Effective 28 September 2017 Page 1 ICC T20 ALMANAC 2017 / 2018 ICC Men’s T20 Playing Conditions CONTENTS THE PREAMBLE – THE SPIRIT OF CRICKET…………………………………………………………………………5 1 THE PLAYERS………………………………………………………………………………………………………………6 2 THE UMPIRES ......................................................................................................................................................7 3 THE SCORERS................................................................................................................................................... 17 4 THE BALL ........................................................................................................................................................... 17 5 THE BAT ............................................................................................................................................................. 19 6 THE PITCH ......................................................................................................................................................... 21 7 THE CREASES ................................................................................................................................................... 23 8 THE WICKETS .................................................................................................................................................... 24 9 PREPARATION -
Patience Will Be The
Thursday 29th March, 2012 Herath’s big day against world’s number one REX CLEMENTINE reporting from Galle ri Lankans’ hopes that Lasith Mahela a genius – Graeme Swann Malinga will fill the void created by Sthe retirement of Muttiah REX CLEMENTINE reporting from Galle Muralitharan from Tests may have been England spinner Graeme very pleasing,” Swann added. smashed by shady player agents, but Swann called Sri Lankan The off-spinner, who claimed today, on the fourth day of the first Test captain Mahela six wickets in Sri Lanka’s sec- against England, the fans could celebrate Jayawardene a ‘genius’ after ond innings, was confident that a new hero if left-arm spinner Rangana his brilliant 180 in the first England were capable of win- Herath can bowl their team to a victory innings enabled the hosts to ning the opening Test. “What against world’s number one ranked team call the shots in the opening we need is a little bit good old here at the Galle International Stadium. Test between the countries fashioned batting with your After England were set a stiff target of here at the Galle head down. The way KP 340 runs, they lost the openers with 48 International Stadium. (Pietersen) and Trotty batted runs on the board, but an unbroken 63 Swann failed to take a out till the end is exactly what run stand between Kevin Pietersen and wicket as Sri Lanka com- Graeme Swann we need to do tomorrow. They Jonathan Trott took their total to 111 for piled 318 in their first kept their heads down and kept two.