Those Facts, Materials Needed to Presentinstruction in Readingskills and to Teach of Social Studieseducation

DOCUMENT RESUME RE 001 451 ED 023 549 ,Minna; And Others By -Cooper Government and LocalGovernment. A Guidefor Developmental Reading in Social Studies;New York State Teachers, Grade 7, Revised. County, NY. Sewanhaka Central High SchoolDistrict Number 2, Nassau Pub Date 64 Note -133p. EDRS Price MF -$0.75 HC -$6.75 Guides, Reading, Critical Thinking, *Curriculum Descriptor s -Comprehension Development , *Content Study Skills, Vocabulary *Developmental Reading, DirectedReading Activity, *Grade7, *Social Studies, Development seventh-grade socialstudies teacherswith This guide is designedto provide those facts, materials needed to presentinstruction in readingskills and to teach of social studieseducation. Entries onthe concepts, andattitudes which are the aim arranged by topic, State governmentand local government are subfect of New York two texts:Living in NewYork" and material wqhineach topic isarranged according to modified classes, and'New York: TheEmpire State" by Flierl and Urell, tobe used with the Fink, to be used %,ithhonors and averageclasses. To promote by Ellis, Frost, and study skills, theguide comprehension, vocabulary,critical thinking, and development of and interpretingcharts and presents exercises inoutlining, criticalreading, skimming, designed to evaluatethe student's masteryof these skills and diagrams. Questions are designed to covercollateral of content subtect matter.Some questions included are chapters in the twotexts.(RT) New York StateGovernment and LocalGovernment

HEALTH, EDUCATION &WELFARE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF OFFICE Of EDUCATION

EXACTLY AS RECEIVEDFROM THE THIS DOCUMENT HASBEEN REPRODUCED POINTS OF VIEW OROPINIONS ORIGINATING IT. Tawc1 PERSON OR ORGANIZATION OfFICIC. OrfICE OFEDUCATION STATED DO NOTNECESSARILY REPRESENT

POSITION OR POLICY.

_ wzot 0elfate40,-, mm Sewanhaka CENTRAL HIGHSCHOOL DISTRICTNO. 2 NASSAU COUNTY,NEW YORK New York State Government and Local Government

MRS. MINNA COOPER Alva T. Stanforth JuniorHigh School DONALD LAUX Elmont Memorial High School MISS MARILYN MACCHIA Elmont Memorial High School MRS. DIANA OESTREICHER New Hyde Park MemorialHigh School MISS CATHERINE SINAGRA Alva T. Stanforth Junior HighSchool JEROME SMILEY Alva T. Stanforth Junior HighSchool

etywderot Sewanhaka CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL DIOTRICTWC: 2. NASSAU COUNTY, NEW YORK Summer 1964 Dr. James A. DeSonne, Assistant District Principal (Administration) Robert M. Vincent, Director, Instrucfional Materials Center Dan Dramer, District Curriculum Supervisor for Reading andLanguage Arts John W. Nicoll, Principal of the District BOARD OF EDUCATION

Mr. Russell F. Thomas Jr., President Mr. John J. Doyle, Vice President

Mrs. Anne M. Boeckmann Mr. Samuel L. Nadler Mr. Anthony C. Crea Mr. Walter H. Pohl Nr. Milton Levine Mrs. Viola S. Southern

DISTRICT ADMINISTRATION

Mr. John W. Nicoll - Principal ofthe District Dr. James A. DeSonne - Assistant DistrictPrincipal (Curriculum andInstruction) Mr., W. Wallace Purdy - Assistant DistrictPrincipal (Personnel andSupervision) Mr. John S. Randolph - AssistantDistrict Principal(Pupil Personnel Services)

BUILDING PRINCIPALS

Mr. Gilbert G. Blum, Principal, H.Frank Carey High School Mr. Francis X. Driscoll, Principal,Elmont Memorial High School Mr. John H. Fuller, Principal, FloralPark Memorial HighSchool Mr. Alton D. Lowe, Principal, AlvaT. Stanforth Junior HighSchool Dr. Jerome J. Niosi, Principal,New Hyde Park MemorialHigh School Er. Howard W. Nordahl, Principal,Swanhaka High School ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This revised edition eNtends to ournewly-adopted seventh gradesocial studies texts the district's well-known programof developmental reading inthe content belief in the value of areas. In pub?4shing this guide,the district reaffirms its developmental reading for secondary schoolpupils.

This volume represents thecooperative efforts of manyparticipants with special talents whose contributions Iacknowledge with appreciation. the guide Mrs. Minna Cooper For their authorship of Mr. Donald Laux in the summer of1964 Miss Marilyn Macchia Mrs. Diana Oestreicher Miss Catherine Sinagra Mr. Jerome Smiley writing the Mts. Judith Beckerman For their work in guide Mts. Lynne Chaleff original edition of this Mts. Anne L. Cosse and its first revision. Mts. Julia Kanarek Mts. Joan L. Kramer Mts. Esther Levine Mts. Diana Oestreicher Miss Jo-Ann Surber

Mr. Dan Dramer, District For supervising andorganizing and Curriculum Supervisor, the project in its formative Reading and Language Arts developmental stages.

Mr. Ira Wilder, District For suggestions ondividing the Social Studies Coordinator content into study units.

Dr. Harold L. Herber, Project For organizing, duringhis tenure English Denonstration as District ReadingCoordinator, Center, Syracuse the district's developmental University reading program and its original study guides, and later, for consulting with the authors of this revised edition.

Mts. Anne Cosse For voluntarily analyzingand criticizing our trial units, and for sharing her experiencein writing and. using these guides.

Dr. James A. DeSonne, Assistant For general supervisionof the District Prin?tpal.y Ciarriculum summer workshop. and. Instruction ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

of the production Nr. Robert Vincent,Director, For supervision / Instructional Materials of this guide Center For editing final copyand for Nrs. MadelineHendrix assisting in the supervisionof 3: the production ofthis guide. the cover design Mr. Donald Pross For creation of and other art wrk.

production of the Miss Patricia Masseyand the For technical typing and productionstaff guide. and junior high socialstudies It is expected thatthe reading departments inclusior of thismaterial departments of the several schoolswill plan for the urged to keep notes in the social studies program. Teachers using the guide are period of time, theguide will on their criticalanalysis of it. After a suitable St1 be evaluated and appropriateaction will be taken.

John W. Nicoll Principal of theDistrict

September 1, 1964 111.111111111111.11.1.11111.111111"111111111.11"...1111.111.11W IF#01* WM MN ON +WNW Mit 111111 MIN MB NM 111111 Chapter No. GUIDE TOPICS Living in NewFLIERL York AND UREIL CORRELATED OITH TEXTS Chapter No. New York: ELLIS/ FROST AND FIDE The' Empire State Unit I. New York Regions/ Resources/*LAU State Geography: an& 22. Manufacturing1, natiODUCTION regions Empire State and. Regions of the In Modern 2.1. NatureNew York Molds is theNew Most York Important 'ties. 23,19. Farms Cities and.2. of CommunitiesFarming StateNewToday York the Empire State in New York in the Empire 4.3. :RuralUrban NewNew York York Offers JobsRecreationBusinessRecreation State Provides Wealth and and. I Yesterday and. Today 5. The Indians Rule New York 1-41-4 Unit II. Early New hoodSettlement (Indians; to State-Dutch; York History: 6.5. TheNew Algonkian York in the and. Iroquois IndiansDays of the Dutch 7.6. DutchFarmers Traders and and. FarmersColonialthe Wilderness New York Merchants Develop Penetrate English;War) Bevolutionary 7. New Toils as an English Colony for Independence 10. New York8.9. Settlers New Becomes Yorkers Bring Newthe British York Helps Empire Learn Self-Government VarietyFight theto New Revolu- YorkImportant in Unit III. New York State ment and. Local Govern- Govern- 10. 9-8. NewThe Rough York in the War A New State in a Road to Victory New Nation U.12.13. New New York York Helps Leads tionary War Shapein Population the Government (1789-1825) ment;turaa Social Progress and. Cul- 15.16. tew Yotk Pioneers PresentDemocraticProgress Growth 1800in to*Soc-ial the 17.18. Democracy19. Political New Spreads Issues Yorkers Yorkers-Make Social (1825-1865) Divide New Progress ipso Mang @ow@ 0060 tw4 #0-14 wmir* ON UM OW pro GUIDE TOPICS CORRELATED WITH TEXTS Unit III. (Continued.) 25. Local Government pire State in the Em- 26.22.23.. AbleLocalReform Governors Governments Triumphs Serve in New Yorkin New York Works for Local Needs 24. The State Government of New York 27.28.29. The NewPolitical State York GovernmentConserves Resourceseveryone Parties Serve New Human and. Natural Yorkers Unit IV. Westward and.in New Transportation York State Expansion 12.U. SettlingRoads and New York Western New WaterwaysYork in Early 15.1/6 NewFrontiersmen Yorkers Become System Improve the Tranaportation Farmers Unit V. AgricultureState.try Develop and. in Indus-New Problems of the York 13. New York in the Age 23.16. Transportation,New Yorkers Expand EmpireTrade Improve Agriculture, and Their Business Industrial Age 21.3A. Transportation The Growth of Commerce 20th Century and. CommerceRailroad. in and. 24. Industry Pxpands York Rapidly in New Unit VI. The local Conmaunity: 18. The People of New Industry York 20. The Population of the Nation'sNew York Increases YorkLong CityIsland and. New 17.20. New New York: York City: of the Nation Cultural Center World. Metropolis 25.30.32. New31. New York New York BecomesYork BecomesCity Becomes a Cultual Center Has Its Own the Empire City World Capital Government TO THE TEACHER with the two This volume is one of asix-unit seriesdesigned to correlate

in Central HighSchool DistrictNo. seventh grade socialstudies textbooks we use into the studies teachersand organized Two. The textbooks wereexamined by social following topical units:

Unit I -New York StateGeography: Regions, Resources, andCommunities.

Unit II -Early new Ybrk History:Settlement to Statehood(Indians; Dutch; Eng- lish; RevolutionaryWar)

Unit III - New YorkState Governmentand Local Government; Socialand Cultural Progress

Unit IV -WestwardExpansion and Transporta- tion in New YorkState

Uhit V -Agriaulture and IndustryDevelop in New York State,Problems of the Industrial Age

Unit VI -The Local Community:Long Island end New York City The several chapters of eachof cur two texts. Each of thesesix units embraces details ee this breakdown into units. chart which precedesthis page gives the

This series isbased on threeassumptions: that pupils enterjunior high school 1. Teachers cannot take for granted

fully trained forthe reading tasksthey will encounter. developmental readinginstruc- 2. Secondary schoolpupils need continuing the textbooks ofconstantly tion which will enablethem to cope with encounter as they progress increasing difficultywhich they will

through school. needed in best equipped toteach the specialreading skills . 3. The person sceal otiadies as specializeda.course associal studies is the

teacher.

V OP material is to providethe teacher The purpose of thisvolume and its collateral needs to instructhis studentsin of seventh grade socialstudies wih the aids he books. This the skills they requirefor reading their textsand supplementary instruction in volume is designed toaccomplish the dual objectivesof providing and de . reading skills, and, at the sametime, teaching those factsand concepts, instruction. veloping those attitudeswhich are the aim ofsocial studies material moreeffectively. The following informationwill help you to use this this volume areaddressed 1, Nature of thematerial: All of the pages in few prefatoryremarks), directly to the pupil(except, of course, for these

and all can be requisitionedin any quantity desired. requistioned through yourdepartment 2. Ordering material: Material should be Order all the chairman yhoin turn will order itfrom the I.M.C. for delivery. material for an entire chapterat one time, Allow two weeks It is arrangedby topics, 3. Format: This material follows aconsistent format. Ellis book and *within each topicarranged according tothe two texts; the book for modifiedclasses. for honors and averageclasses, and the Flierl example, you may'want to (If you are teaching onlymodified, class, for and viceversa0 fold under the pages ofEllis material until next year, either text consistsof the The materialcorresponding to a chapter in

following: words and a separatelist of the proper A. A list of new vocabulary which the authors ofthe nouns in thechapter. Asterisks mark words Some of the words textbooks themselves indicateneed explanation.

have been underscored toshow they appear incontext immediately real meaning below. This provision of a contextin which the word's

is revealed is animportant part of the guide.

vocabulary words. B. A test of the new which, by directingthe student'sreading to C. A reading guide bold-faced sub-headingof the the Salient featuresgiven under each

text, provides purposeand direction. specific readingskill. D. An exercise designedto develop a evaluate the pupil'smastery of thechap- E. Questions designed to and the subject mattercontert ter's reading,critical thinking skills COVER COLLATERAL of the chapter. NOTE: SOME QUESTIONSARE DESIGNED TO SO IDENTIFIED. CHATTERS IN THE TWO BOOKS(ELLIS AND FLIERL) AND ARE

indicate: 4. Page identification Each page is marked to Flierl). A. The book onwhich it is based(whether Ellis or text to which itcorresponds. B. The chapternumber and title of the etc.) of the material pre. C. The function(reading skills taught,

sented on the page. modified) for which the D. The type ofclass (honors, average or

exercise is intended.

E. The page numbersin the text towhich it corresponds.

coding of each pagefollows. A specimen pageshowing the labeling and Pfi.. :, 11 thu iNte r- rNOY%\:>e r it FLIERLICHAPTER 1, REGIONS OF THE EMPIRE STATE

WORDS TO LEARN

Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

XXXXXXXXXX, XXXXXX, XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX

orpck(i-c-L.

"1" (..) For c.4(xf-,6 co, r rjr)0-+ )1 DC: c), Jtri r 41/4kce.(rt,r Car ce.$peoa It r 1119

Pr 6 vet

557 Unit I, p .12 6.12F4-

.11117RVY ...... Mimmowwovaws11.1.....,

SPEC LEN PAGE SHOWING IABELING AND CODING The letter in the lowerleft hand corner of each page designatesthe type of

class for which the exerciseis geared: A - average class; I! - honors;M modi-

fied.

Sometimes when some of thequestions on a sheet are intended forthe average

group and othersfor the honors group, only, they willbe so coded. The lower left 5A: 1. 6 for example, indicates that in theopinion of the hand corner designationVI: 1-10 P

person who composedthe exercise, average pupils should beable to handle only the

first six questions, but honor pupilsshould be able to handle all ten.

This materials if made a vital partof the daily structure of yourteaching,

should be a valuable aid in improving readingskills generally and social studies

skills particularly.

li: 1

1 6

ix UNIT III. NEW YORK STATEGOVERNMENT AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT; SOCIAL AND CULTURAL PROGRESS

.TABLE OF CONTENTS

FLIERL AND URELL ELLIS, FROST AND FINK Living in New York New York: The Empire State

Guide Text Guide Text Page Chapter Page Chapter Number Number Text Title Number Number Text Title

X A New State in a New 1 XII New York Helps Shape the 7 Ration Government

XIII New York leads in Popula- 13 tion

26 XV Democratic Growth 1800 19 XVII Democracy Spreads (1789- to Present 1825)

XVIIIPolitical Issuea Divide 33 New Yorkers(1825-1865)

50 XVI New York Pioneers in 4o XIX New Yorkers Make Social Social Progress Progress

XXI Reform Triumphs in New 57 York

XXII Able Governors in New 64 York

80 XXV Local Government in the 71 XXVI Local Governments Serve Empire State Local Needs

XXIV The State Government of 84 XXVIIThe State Government 97 New York Works for Everyone

XXVIII Political Parties Serve 106 New Yorkers

XXIX New York Conserves Human 113 and Natural Resources FLIERL CHAPTFR 10, A NEWSTATE IN A NEW NATION

yoRDs TOLEARN

et cetera Vocabulary Peoi5le Places,'Events United States, White Plains,Convention p. 150state, colony, constitution, Robert Livingston committee, *provisions, of Representatives, Morris, Kingston, *legislature John Jay, Gouverneur Assembly

Poughkeepsie, Albany, p. 151 Council,veto, common people, Senate, Kingston, George Clinton, De WittClinton, James senator, delegate,democratic, populous Clinton Articles of Confederation p. 152*document Constitutional Convention,Rhode Island, p. 153*national government,*ratified Philadelphia, Constitutionof the United States,"Founding Fathers", Alexander Hamilton, NewYork Legis171,1zre, Confederation

p.154 ratification, guarantee, Federalists, Anti- *privilege President, Senate, Federalists, JamesMadison, Virginia, Federalist Papers

Columbia College, NoahWebster, Battery p. 155mammoth clergymancommerce for Independence, 156 *amendments, *inauguration, Bill of Rights, War p. Fort George, oath, capital George Washingtonj Federal Hall

Philadelphia, War of1812, Great Britain, p. 157independence, declaration, grievance New England, Canada, Detroit, NiagaraRiver, p.158 militiamen, fleet Queenston, Lake Erie,Battle of the Thames, Northwest, LakeChamplain, Lake Ontario, Buffalo,Lewiston, Niagara Falls, General AlexanderMacomb, Commodore Thomas MacDonough, Plattsburgh, Battle of LakeChamplain

Words Used in Context

.1. United States meets tomake the laws legislature The legislature of the representatives to thelegislature. for our nation. Every state sends

meeting. Each delegate delegate New York State sentthree delegates to the watsa finerepresentative from his state. safe place because it is animportant document Put your father's will in a document. UNIT III, p. 1 150-160F SS7 Words Used in Context(continued)

guarantee I will not do the work unless youguarantee that I will be paid. I must be sure because I. need the money. In fact put the guarantee in writing and I'll start. r mammoth Building a house is a mammoth task. I think it's too much for . one person.

commerce New York City is a center oftrade and commerce.Many businesses and banks are located in New YorkCity.

inauguration At the inauguration of President Kennedy,Robert Frost read a poem to honor thePresident who vas being sworn in.

oath Each President takes an oath and swearsbefore God that he will do his best for his nation.

capital The capital of New York State is Albany. If you visit Albany you will see government buildingswhere the business of running our State is handled.

fleet There is a fleet of ships in the harbor. Seeing a large group of ships like that is a beautiful '41.ight.

SST WIT III, p. 2 150-16or 1

FLIERL CHAPTER 10 A NEW STATEIN A NEW NATION

VOCABULARY TEST

Write the word from Column I thatbest completes the statementin Column II.

Column I Column II to defend a. legislature 1. The President takes an the lays of the U.S.A.

of ships in the harbor is b. delegate 2. The from Spain.

certain rights c. document 3. The Constitution to the people of the U.S.A.

are usually put away very d. guarantee 4. Legal carefully.

e. mammoth 5. The of New Ybrk State makes New York's laws.

task. f. commerce 6. Building that bridge will be a took place at g. inauguration 7. Washington's Federal Hall.

trade and h. oath 8. New York City is a center of to the Convention i. capital 9. I hope the is capable of representing us.

of New York State is j. fleet 10. The Albany.

SST UNPT III, p.3 150-160F FLIERL CHAPTER 10 A NEWSTATE IN A NEW MTION

DIRECTED READING

READ TO FTID THE ANSWERSTO MESE QUESTIONS:

.p. 150, NEWYORK BECOMES A STATE 1. How many colonies werethere? p. 1500 Thestate gets a constitution 2. What 3 famous New Yorkersheaded the committee? York adopted? 3. When vas the constitutionof the State of New 4. Where? 5. On what was the newconstitution based? 6. Wbat vas the job of thelegislature? consist? 7, Of how many houses doesthe legislature 8. What are the two houses? p. 1510 Whocauld vote? 9. Who cauld vote? p. 151, Slavery 10. Was slavery permitted? P. 1510ATLIaRlIala.212ELtaft 11. WhPre did the governmentfirst meet? 12. %kat was its second .capital? 13. What was the third capital? 14. What is the presentcapital? 15. When was it made thecapital? p. 1510 Thefirst governor 16. Who was the first governor? governor)? 17. What other post did hehold (after he vas 18. For what is Jame Clintonremembered? 19. Why is De Mitt Clintonremembered? p. 152, THEUNITED STATES GETS ANEW CONSTITUTION 'what was the attitudeof the Americanpeople 20. Alter the Revolutionary War, toward their government? 21. What were the Articles ofConfederation? p.153.0. Government under theArticles of Confederation Confederation? 22. Mbat were some of the weaknessesof the Articles of p. 153, TheConstitutional Convention 23. Where did the Conventionmeet? 24. When did the convention meet? 25. What vas the purpose ofthe convention? 26. Who were some of thedelegates? 27. What was done at theconvention? p. 153011.9.LHair_iilton.L.Lermsambs1.....7eticals convention? 28. How many delegates did NewYork send to the 29. What did they do? p. 1530 NewYorks' attitude towardthe Constitution? vhat had to be done? 30. After the Constitution vaswritten and approved, p. 1530 TheConstitution meets,amnazmualsm 31. Wily were people opposed tothe new Constitution? attitude toward the commonpeople? 32. What was AlexanderHamilton's p.1540 The ratification struggle with the issue of 33. What mere the names of thetwo parties concerned ratification? 34. Who led the twoparties? 35. What Imre the opirl,ons ofeach party? 150.160 557 UN/T III, p.4 DIRECTED READING continued)

p.154, The turning of thetide convince the people? 36. What writings helped p. 155,The parade of theFederalists Ratification p. 155, not ratify the new I1 Neil York havefaced if they did 37. What problem would Constitution? to add to theConstitution? 38,What did New Yorkers propose p.156, The nev governmenttakes charge York City, thefirst capital ofthe 39. What famous eventtook place in New United States? p.156, Disappointment 4o. To 'where vas thecapital moved? p.156, WAR OF 1812 p.156, Causes of the War 1812? 41. What were the causesof the War of p.156, Declaration of iirar. to war? Why was there muchdebating about Going 42. War of 1812 p.158, New York in the of the War of1812 take place? 43. Where did most ofthe land fighting during the earlypart of the var? How did theUnited States do 44. is turned back p.158, The British invasion important toAnerica? 45. Why was the Battleof Lake Champlain so p. 159,Peace is restored 46. Which side won thewar? of the War of1812? 47. What was the outcome QUESTIONS ON PAGES152, 157 159,160 REVIEW THE CHAPTERBY ANSWERING THE

150-160 F UNIT III, p.5 VI SST FlaERII, CHAPTER 10 A NEWSTATE XN A NEW NATION

ORGANIZATION

finish, and followed Every war is preceded by causes,is ought to a Therefore, every war canbe by events 'which are a resultof the fighting. outline. Using outlined into causes, battlesand effects. Below is such an required information. your textbook(pp. 157, 158, and 159) fill in the

Causesof the War of1812

Important Battles in NewYork

3..

Results of the War of1812

150-160F SST UNIT III,p.6 ELLIS CHAPTER 121 NEW YORKHELPS SHAPE THEGOVERNMENT

WORDS TO LEARN

et cetera Vocabulary PeoplePlacesEvents p. 154 taxation without representa- Federalists, Anti-Federalists tion, *federal, *Confederation of Liberty,John p. 155 *constitution, aristocrat George Clinton, Sons Jay, General Washinpton

Assembly, Senate p.156 unalienable, legislature, Provincial Congress, *qualifications Kingston, Sir HenryClinton, Tories p. 157 *paper money

p 158 debts Alexander Hamilton Father of Bev YorkState, Continental p. 159 slavery Congress, Articlesof Confederation

Philadelphia Convention,Robert Yates, p.160 treaty John Lansing

*Bill of Rights,Poughkeepsie p.161 central government,*cabinet Robert Livingston,Poughkeepsie p.162 amendment, petition Convention

p.163 inauguration, adopt, *capital, testify Secretary of theTreasury, Jay Treaty, p.164 Fort Niagara

Words Used in Context annually than does our Our federal governmentspends much more money federal government buildings are state government. Mostof the famous federal located in Washington D.C. formed after the The confederation ofthe states that was confederation league Revolution vas a veakunion of the states. This confederation or this? was in effecttoo democratic. How do you explain constitution vas not verydemocratic by today's constitution New York's first government vas laterrevised so that standards. This written plan of today e have onethe most democraticconstitutions in America.

In order to votein N.Y. you have tohave the following qualifications and a citizen ofthe qualifications: you 'lust beliterate, twenty-one qualifications in somestates but United States. There are different by and large therequirements are about the same.

Unit rti, p.7 154.165E A&H 8S7 Words Used inContext (continued)

think of dollars. During When we think of papermoney today we paper money paper money War however, eachstate printed its own the Revolutionary certain amount of gold orsilver and this vas merely apromise to pay a after the war. deal of money theynaturally had Since the statesborrowed a great debts Gradually as theypaid off these large debts at theend of the war. debts they gainedthe confidence oftheir citizens. between the countriesthat After almost every war atreaty is signed treaty not lasting These treaties are,unfortunately, usually fought. countries are at waragain. agreements and within afew years the The The cabinet is a veryimportant group ofadvisors today. cabinet cabinet before States alwaysconsults with his President of the United men are decision. This is naturalbecause these making an important departments and thushave a __lally the heads ofquite a few different wide veriéty ofknowledge.

of the peoplelisted in theBill of Rights Bill of Rights Among the rights and federalconstitutions have is freedom ofreligion. Both the state a Bill ofRights. capital of theUnited The capital ofNew York isAlbany, while the capital teacher Ity Albanyand not New States is Washington,D.C. Ask your York City is thecapital of Neu YorkState. GOVERNMENT ELLISCHAPTER 12 NEU YORKHELPS SHAPE THE

VOCABULARY TEST

1. federal a. local c. state b. national d. international

2. confederation a. union c. republic b. management d. democratic

3. qualifications a. directions c. representatives b. qualities d. requirements 3.

4. paper money a. coins c. dollars b. gold d. silver

debts a. an obligation C. a payment b. a privilege d. a difficult story 5.

6. treaty a. an argument c. an agreement 6. b. a declaration d. an ally 1111

7. cdbinet a. a group ofadvisors c. a group ofdishes b. a group of carpentors d. a closet 7.

8.Bill of Rights duties in a democracy a. list ofrights of citizens c. list of b. list of rights ofcountries d. list of rights of nations 8.

9. constitution of government a. plan ofgovernment c. vritten plan b. ship d. government 9.

10. capital city in a state a. seat ofgovernment c. most important 10. b. a very populatedcity d. state building

p. 9 154.165 E A&H SST Unit ELLIS, CHAPTER 12NEW YORK HELPS SHAPE THEGOVERNMENT

DIRECTED READING

READ TO FIND THE ANSWERS TO THESEQUESTIONS

p. 155, New YorkersArgue About Democracy andAdopt a State Constitution 1. Why did Philip-Schuyle i. feel thatGeorge Clinton should not begovernor? 2. Why did Eany ordinary peopledislike the aristocrats? 3. Which group of people formed themain body of the "Sons ofLiberty"? 4. What did the Declaration of Independence meanto New Yorkers? 5. In what ways was New York's firstconstitution democratic? 6. In what vays was New York's first constitutionundemocratic? 7. Why was New York's first constitution soundemocratic? p. 157, New YorkersEstablish the State Government 8. Who was the first governor of New York? 9. Where did the first state legislatttremeet? 10. What were two difficult problemstnat the new government had toface immediately? 11. How did New York raise moneyafter the war? 12. What changes made after theRevolution favored democracy? 13. What vas the greatest evil ofRevolutionary times? 14. When did slavery end in New York State? p. 159, New YorkAdopts the Federal Constitution 15. What federal government wasestablished in 17 1? 16. What were the major weaknesses of theArticles of Confederation? 17. What was the purpose of thePhiladelphia Convention of1787? 18. Which New York representative wanted astronger federal government? 19. What powers were given to thefederal government in1787? 20. Why were many New Yorkers againstthe new constitution? 21. Who supported the Federalists? 22. Who supported the Anti-Federalists? against it? 23. Why did New York ratify the newconstitution if so many people were 24. Which-rights in the Bill of Rights aremost important to you? p. 163, New York HelpsStart The New FederalGovernment 25. What vas the first temporarycapital of the United States? Hamilton? 26. In what positions did George Washingtonplace John Jay and Alexander 27. What were the major accomplishmentsof Alexander Hamilton? 28. What were the major accomplishments ofJohn Jay? ELLISCHAPTER 12 NEW !ME:HELPSSHAPE THE GOVERNMENT

ORGANIZATION TEROUGH OUTLINING

order) one at thehead of each Put the following maintopics into logical New York Helps Startthe National:Government;Blew York of the four columns. A Bill Forms a State Government,New York Helps Startthe Federal government; of Rights Protects thePeople.

each of them underthe main topic Now unscramble thesub-topics below and ut to which it belongs. 1. Congress of Statesis meek Bill of Rights 2. New York Bill ofRights modeled on federal 3. Washington isinaugurated 4. National Constitution iswritten 5. Neu York's firstConstitution 6. Neu Yorkers debate theconstitution 7. Governor GeorgeClinton 8. Property Qualifications forVoting 9. Jay and Hamiltonappointed by Washington 10. The people rule

154-165E A&H SS7 Uhit III; p. 11 ELLIS CHAPTER 121NEW YORK HELPS SHAPE THEGOVERNMENT

,1; FLIERL CHAPTER 10, ANEW STATE IN A NEW NATION k QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW

Fill in the blanks:

1. The first governor of NewYork was

for voting which hasbeen changed. 2. was a requirement

3. The first governor tookoffice in (year) to revise the 4. The original purpose of theConstitutional Convention was

but it was 5. A was missing fromthe original constitution, -1 soon added.

6. The group that favored the newconstitution was called

7. Washington vas inauguratedin the city of Constitutional Conventionand 8. represented New York at the became the first Secretary ofthe Treasury.

Chief Justice of the UnitedStates. 9. was the first

10. The ConstitutionalConvention met in the cityof

11. The first capital ofNew York State was

12. The first capitalof the U.S.A. was

13. Changes in the Constitution arecalled Independence were 14. Men who remained loyal toEngland during the War for called LcIalists or

15. ended in New York in1827. "

154-165E M 1 - 12 SST UNIT III, p. 12 150-160F A&H 1 -15 ELLIS, CHAP1ER 13, NEW YORK LEADSIN POPULATION

WORDS TO LEARN

Vocabulary People, Places, Events,et cetera New England, p.174 wealth culture Revolutionary War, Yankees, Irish, German p. 175 tidal 'wave, pioneer, enthusias- Long Island, Brooklyn,Westchester, tic, *migration, laden, Dutchess, Connecticut,Massachusetts, Church, General scraggly, region Vermont, Congregational Sullivan, Hugh White,Whitestom, Utica, Hudson, Albany, Genesee,Mbhawk, Catskill, Kingston, Albany,Dutch, Schohariel North Country,Lake Champlain, Lake Ontario, St. LawrenceRiver, Adirondacks, Vermont

Penn Yan, p.176*quota, textile, aristocracy, Pennsylvania, Marylanders, R.H. Macy, politics KeuIa Lake, Rhode Island, Nantucket Island, Manhattan,Erie Canal

College, Civil p. 177piety, state aided, academies, Gideon Hawley, Hamilton immigrants War, Scots King of Spain p. 177 population,fertile, political Welsh, Joseph Bonaparte, freedom, refugees, unbearable England, p. 178 large estates, tenant farmers, Catholic Irish, Church of *blight, *epidemic, North Atlantic, Dublin,Galway, St. Patricksl influential Liverpool, Irish-American, Day, Democratic Party, Mass

p. 179provinces Buffalo, Rochester Goethe, John Jacob Bausch p.180 breweries, adopted, spectacular

p.181resourcefulness, *sanitation, Croton Dam sewage, *tenements,cellar, volunteer, efficient, *political machines York, Central Park p. 182ambitious, recreation, vigorous,City Council of New decent

Words Used in Context

the Civil War when morepeople than immigration Immigration increased after ever before came toAmerica.Tmmigration of all differentnationality groups to New YorkCity has led to itsnickname the "meltingpot." much lower than quota The quota for Asians enteringthe Uhited States is portions were estab- the quota for Europeans. These quotas or allotted lished by the federalgovernment and not by thestate governments.

174-182E 857 Unit III, p.13 Words Used inContext(continued) to understandone differentgenerations never seem ,generation People of understand someof the That is why yourparents can not another. generation was nottroubled by the things you do.Yourgrandfather's Atomic bomb asis yourgeneration. America they mereamazed When Germanimmigrants reached political freedom seen agovernment that here.They had never by thepolitical freedom willing tocriticize itself. was sodemocratic and of the rapidly amongthe many people The epidemicspread very epidemics these epidemic communities areprotected against community. People and days by modernmedicine. they likedthem. American 'waysquickly because adopted Germans adopted Congress butunfortunately has beenadopted by the The CivilRights Bill not by thehearts of manyAmericans. ..I The streets were 1 early New Yorkwasneglected. Sanitatiou in disease. sanitation 1~ collected andthere was much dirty, thegarbage was not was most effectivepolitical machines One of the controlled 1] political machines This group ofpoliticians Tammany Hallin New YorkCity. for fifty they keptthemselves in paver the vote socompletely that iq years. , , It vas aterrible destroyed the cropscompletely. blight The blight disease. after he to go tomedical school The ambitiousstudent wanted ambitious wanted to betterhimself. finished college.He always

UNIT III, p.14 174-182E A&H SST ELLIS, CHAPTER 13,NEW YORK LEADS INPOPULATION

VOCIMLARY TEST

1. immigration araund a. movementout c. movement place 1. b. movement in d. remaining in

2. quota c. allottedportion a. remainder 2. b. a statement d. a saying

3. generation born about the sametime a. one hundred years c. people people 3. b. a part of a car d. different

4. political freedom from want a. freedomto worship c, freedom fear 4. b. freedom to vote d. freedom from

5. epidemic c. a doctor'sneedle a. spreadingrapidly b. something that arouses d. disease

6. adopted a. failed c. accepted b. voted on d. rejected

7. sanitation a. disposalof garbage c, dirty b. clean d. plumbing

8. political machines instructors a. a groupof machines c. a group of 8. b. a group ofpoliticians d. a group of children

9. blight a. spreadingrapidly c. a disease b. something that arouses d. a blue light

10. ambitious a. desire for success c. handy 10. b. desire for money d. worldly

174-182E A&H SS7 UNIT IIII p. 15 ELLIS CHAPTER 131 NEW YORK LEADSIN POPULATION

READ TO FIND THE ANSWERSTO THESE QUESTIONS:

p.174, Growth of Neu York's Population 1. What factorscontribiated to the growth of Neu York'spopulation? II p. 175, TheYankees invade New York 2. Who were the Yankees? 3. Why did the Yankees cometo Neu York? 4. How did the Yankees learn aboutNeu York? 5. How did the Yankees travel? 6. Where in Neu York did the Yankeessettle? p.176, The Yankees Int their stamp onNeu York 7. What are some of the thingsYankees did to improve ourstate? p. 177, Europeanimmigrants prefer Neu York 8. Why was immigration 9. Why did people come toAmerica? p. 177, The Irish comein large numbers. 10. Why did the Irish come toAmerica before 1845? 11. What vas the major reasonafter 1845? p. 179, The Germanssettle upstate as well asin New York City 12. Why did the German immigrants cometo the New 'World? 13. In what ways did Germanimmigrants make a living? p.180, Neu Yorkers become city dwellers 14. What Imre some ofth-gproblems of living ln a city? 15. Whyuere ltying conditions incities so poor? 16. What progress was made toward solvingthe prdblems of citylife? p. 182, Summary 17. Hou did New Yorkersbenefit from immigration?

REVIEW THE CHAPTER BY ANSWERrNGTHE QUESTIONS ON PAGE182

174-182E A&H 857 UNIT III, p.16 ELLIS, CHAPTER 13, NEW YORK LEADSIN POPULATION

READING TO MAKE COMPARISONS

Life in Nev York in the1800's had its roblems. Both city dwellers and frontiersmen faced hardships.Using your book fill in theinformation asked living for below. In column I list the hardships anddangers faced by people on the frontier. In column II list the dangersfaced by the city dweller. After making two complete lists,discuss which life required more courage.

Column I Column II Dangers of frontier life Dangers of city life

Mai SS7 UNIT III, p.rr 174-18'1E POPULATION ELLISCHAPTER 13 NEWYORK LEADS IN

QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW

(a) The harsh of New England cometo New York? 1. Why did the Yankees to leave New England. government of the NewEngland states caused many England vas unhealthy. (c) Many New Englanders (b) The climate of New offered money -wanted better farmland. (d) The State of New 'York to people whc wouldsettle in the state. York shortly afterthe Revo- If you were a NewEnglander going to New 2. these means oftransportation lutionary War, you mighthave used all of and wagon,(d) sailboat. EXCEPT (a) ox cart,(b) steamboat, (c) horse to the UhitedStates before Which countries sentthe most immigrants 3. (b) Poland and Russia,(c) the Civil War? (a) Italy and France, Ireland and Germany,(d) Norway and Sweden.

tL.. Irish came toAmerica before All of the following werereasons why to support thegrowing the Civil War, EXCEPT: (a) There was no way their Englishlandlords. population of Ireland. (b) The Irish hated Irishmen. (d) (c) The potato blight causedgreat nardship for many and wanted a chanceto practice Most Irishmen wereskilled craftsmen their craft.

reasons whythe Germans cameto New York 5. All of the following were the German before the Civil War,EXCEPT: (a) Taxes were heavy in German states. (b) There were few jobsto be had in the states, to America. (d) (c) Many Germans wanted tosprecd their religion There was littlepolitical freedom inthe German states. (a) Nearly all of Where did New Yorkerslive before theCivil War? 6. lived in citiesand them lived on farms. (b) Nearly all of them lived in citiesand tawns. (d) Most tawns. (c) Nearly half of them of them lived onLong Island. living before the All of the following weredisadvantages of city 7. crowded. (b) Charity groups Civil War, EXCEPT: (a) Houses were often frequently was impure. (d) helped the poor. (c) Drinking water Fire was a constantdanger. before the Civil best describesmost city governments 8. Which statement (b) They were run bybosses ------(a) They were honest andefficient. War? the problems facing and politicalmachines. (c) They solved most of that New Yorkerscould take pride them. (d) They were so well run in them. (c) 18800 (d) 1800. established in(a) 1820, (b) 1850, 9. Central Park was (a) legal mayor ofPoughkeepsie, Eleazur Winiamsclaimed to be the 10. (c) son of King LouisXVI of (b) the real chief ofthe Ondhdogas, France, (d) theMarlboro man.

UNIT III, p.18 174-182E A&H S57

Li 1800 TO THE PRESENT FLIERL CHAPTER15, DEMOCRATICGROWTH:

WORDS TO LEARN

People, Places,Events, et cetera Vocabulary Antirent War p. 228*tenant farmers rights Calico Indians p. 229vassals, *insurrection, delegates, constitution Fugitive Slave Act,Horace Greeley, p. 230*abolitionist, fugitive, Nartin Van Buren provisions Frederick Douglass p. 231 Harriet Taman p. 232 Confederate p. 233ftabotage, *munitions, assassinated TWesa Ring, CanalRing, SamuelJ. p.234*civilian, *grafter, A. Arthur missionaries, refugees Felden, Chester Grover Cleveland,Theodore Roosevelt p. 235*spoils system, reform PUre Food & DrugAct p.236*conservation Charles E. Hughes,Alfred E. Smith, depression p. 237 Franklin D. Roosevelt

World War II p.238 United Nations P. 239 Thomas E. Dewey p,240*racketeers Words Used in Context use land. The A tenant pays rent orservices to occupy or tenant farmers charged them toomuch. tenant farmers feltthat the landlords order is calledan.insur- A rising upagainst the established insurrection of the antirenters,thb rection. Because of theviolent rebellion put down theinsurrection. Governor called:t..n the milita to do away withslavery. The abolitionistwanted to abolish or abolitionist Some of them werein favor of Not all NewYorkers wereabolitionists.. permitting slavery toremain in the South. during a war issabotage. Deliberate destructionof property sabotage the Union byburing their Confederate sympathizerstried to sabotage bridges. military services. By Civilians donot belong to any of the civilian Civil War, thecivilians made anim- caring for thewounded during the portant contributionto the wareffort. 228.241p SS7 UNIT III, p. 19 Words Used in Context (continued)

dishonestly through political grafters Grafters are men who obtain money York City. office. The Tweed Ring was a gangof grafters in New jobs were given tothose who helped spoils system Under the spoils system reform law did away elect the winning candidate. The civil service Ilith the spoils system. protection of our natural resources. conservation Conservation refers to the rivers and forests. Theodore Roosevelt supportedlays to conserve our increase in When there is a slowingdown of business and an depression People stood in employment, the country issuffering from a depression. lines waiting for freebread during the GreatDepression. from people by threateningto racketeers Racketeers sometimes get money hurt them. A DistrictAttorney prosecutesracketeers.

228-2413 SS7 MIT III, p. 20 FLIERL CHAPTER 15, DEMOCRATICGROWTH: 1800 TO THE PRESENT

VOCABULARY TEST

Wrdte the letter of the meaningsof the words in Column II inthe space in front of the word in Column I.

Column I Column II

1. racketeers a. one who is notin the armed forces with 2. depression b. one who rants to do away slavery

property during a mar 3. spoils system c. destruction of

4. grafters d. an uprising or rebellion get money by threat of 5. civilian e. those who violence

exchange for 6. sabotage f. people who pay rent in the use of land

7. abolitionist g. period of"hard times" political jobs 8. delegates h. practice of filling with friends

take money 9. Insurrections i. office holders who dishonestly

act for others 10. tenant farmers j. representatives who

uJD,

UNIT III, p. 21 228-241F lvi 837 FLIERL CHAPTER 15DEMOCRATIC GROWTH: 1800 TO THE PRESENT

DIRECTED READING

READ TO FIND THE ANSWERS TOTHESE QUESTIONS:

the Tenant Farmer 1 p. 228, Rent and 1. Why was it difficult for atenant farmer to aun hisland? p. 228, Haw theTenants Reacted 2. How did the tenants react tothe high rents chargedby the landlords? p. 229, The CalicoIndians 3. What kind of Indians were they? p. 2290 TheAntirenters Try Other Meansto Reach Their Goal 4. What other means did the antirenters useto reach their goals? p. 229, Changesin New York'sConstitution 5. Hau were votingrigh.es changed? of appointed? 6. What vas the result of having localofficials elected instead p. 230, Disagreement onthe Slavery Problem 7. What steps did N.Y. takein connection withslavery? p. 230, TheFugitive Slave Act the people of N.Y.? 8. Why did the Fugitive SlaveAct create disagreement among p. 231, TheUnderground Railroad 9. Why vas the escape routecalled "the undergroundrailroad"? p. 231, FamousNegro Leaders help their fellownegroes? 10. Hau did Harriet Tubmanand Frederick Douglass p. 2330 N.Y.During the Civil War 11. How did the Britishhelp the Confederacy? 12. How New Yorkershelp the Union? p.234, Dishonesty in Government 13. What was the TweedRing? p. 235, N.Y.at the Turn df'theCentury 14. Why were peoplewell-satisfied at this time? p. 235, TheodoreRoosevelt President? 15. What events in thelife of Teddy Rooseveltled to his becoming 16. What laws did he favor while inoffice? p.236, N.Y. and WWI Germany? 17. Why- were some peoplein N.Y. opposed to the war on p. 237, TheProsperous 1920's 18. Why was prosperity especiallywelcome in 1920? p. 2370 N.Y.Provides National Leaders Charles E. Hughes, 19. What contribution wasmade by the followingNew Yorkers: Alfred E. Smith, FranklinD. Roosevelt, andHerbert H. Lehman? p,2370 The Great Depression 20. What were livingconditions like during the1929 depression? p.238, Gov. Roosevelt Acts toRelieve Suffering 21. What help was givento the victims of thedepression? p. 2390 F.D.R.Becomes President 22. What was the"New Deal"? p. 238, TheComing of W.W.II whether we dhauld enter 23. What reasons verecorisidered by the U.S. in deciding thb war? 24. Which event led to the U.S.'sentering WW.II? p.238, The Death of F.D.R. 25. Why was F.D.R.'sdeath so untimely?

587 UNIT III, p. 22 228-241F DIRECTED READING continued)

p. 239,The:United Nationg 2r, Haucan the U.N. Ipreventwal'? p.2401N.Y.'s Contribution to our Nation 27. Hahas N.Y. been a model forother states? PAGES 232,236, and 241 REVIEWTHE CHAPTER BY ANSWERINGQUESTIONS IN YOUR TEXT ON

S87 UNIT III, p. 23 228-241F FLIERL CHAPTER 15DEMOCRATIC GROWTH: 1800 TO THE PRESENT

CRITICAL RFADING

The liberals and conservatives disagreedabout making changes in thestate constitution. Below are statements which might have beenmade at this time. In the first space after the statement indicatewhether it vas made by a conser- vative or liberal, and in the second spaceindicate whether the opiniongiven was upheld or defeated by theconstitutional convention. Conservtive Upheld or or Liberal Defeated

1. "If he's white and over 21, let'sgive him the right to vote." 1. 1.

2. "We ought to have a Bill of Rightsadded 2. -to the Constitution." 2.

3. "Local people should say vho willbe their judges and mayors." 3. 3.

4. "Dont't be too quick to makechanges." 4. 4.

5. "If he doesn't own property,he should not be entitled tovote." 5.

6. "Officials have to be responsibleto the local 6. 6. people, otherwise they willnot do a good job. 1111111 MOIVISM.47: a NIX itWOM0111010

229-230F SS7 UNIT III, p.24 FLIERL CHAPTER 15, DEMOCRATICGROWTH: 1800TO THE PRESENT

REREADING

What's His Name?

Can you Below is a brief sketch of theimnortant people in thischa ter. write the correct recognize them? Select their names from thefollowing group and name after eachsketch. Alfred E. Smith A. Chester A. Arthur F. Thomas E. Dewey B. Theodore Roosevelt G. Samuel J. Tilden C. Harriet Tubman H. Grover-Cleveland D. Horace Greeley I. Franklin D. Roosevelt E. Charles Hughes 3. President of the nation.While 1. He was a Nev Yorker whoserved two terms as 1. in office he extendedcivil service reforms. ArronswariPO His administration was 2. He became President as aresult of an assassination. 2. the first to fight againstthe "spoils system". After famous "rough Riders" oftheSpanish-American War. 3. He recruited the of the United elecced Governor of NewYork,then Vice President the war, he was to conserve States, and finallyPresident.As President,he supported laws 3. our natural resources. slavery should be abolished 4. As editor of the "New YorkTribune", he argued that 4. in all states. slaves, escape throughthe 5. She helped many ofher fellow-negroes who were 5. Underground Railroad.

of'theUhited*States after heset-up a.program to 6. He was elected President President, he was so provide help for theunemployedin New York State. As 6. popular that he held officeforfour times. York, had elected him 7. He ran for Presidentand lost. The people of New District Attorney. 7. Governor as a result ofthe good job he did as .mtIf

New York City. He was popular withthe laboring 8. He was a poor boy born in while he people of Neu York becausehe supported lawsto help the workingman 8. was governor. his work as 9. Although he vas governorof New York, heis remembered more for Chief justice of theUnited States SupremeCourt. 9. the Canal Ring, a 10. As governor ofNew York, he becamefamous for smashing funds. 10. group of graftersvho stole money fromthe canal repair

228-24lF 557 UNIT III, p. 25 Words Used in Context (continued)

did not want to help orharm either oneof the neutral Because Washington he did warring nations he decidedto remain neutral. By being neutral not take the part ofeither side. the British forced mento serve impressment By the impressment of seamen their vill. The British stoppedAmerican ships, in their navy against English ships. took sailors off themand impressed theminto service aboard affairs of thegovernment. statesman A statesman is anexpert in running the Alexander Hamilton vas agreat statesman. increase in When there is a slowingdown or ousiness and an depression Shipowners unemployment, the countryis suffering from adepression. feared that the CivilWar vould bring adepression. shut off the portsand thus blockade The British taockadeof French ports from entering or leavingthem. To run the prevented American ships British or blockade our ships vouldsneak past the lineof blockading French ships.

called principles. One of the EinaiR19s principles Our basic beliefs are the belief thatall men are of the Declarationof Independence is created equal. been A delegationjsmade up of a groupof people who have delegation York sent a delegation entrusted to act forothers. The people of rev to Albany to revisethe state constitution. vote in New York was A requirementfor the right to property qualification who vere qualified, or the propertyqualification. The only people permitted to vote werethose who ownedproperty.

UNIT III, p. 27 230-239E A&H SS7 ELLISCHAPTER 17, DEMOCRACYSPREADS(1789-1825)

VOCABULARY TEST 4

filled with wordstaken from Directions: The blanks in eachsentence are to be find the words thatfit the _1 the list below. Read each sentence; Reread the completed blanks and write them inthe correct blanks. sekltence to be sure it makes sense.

depression neutral property qualification blockade fraternity delegation impressment statesman principles sedition ratification

President 'Washingtonhoped By remaining and taking no side, of American sailors to maintain peace.However the repeated by the English threatenedto ruin and the of West Indian ports that 'would hurt usfinancially. our and bring on a revolutionaries was thebelief One of the of the French

in liberty, equalityand running The people sent a to appeal to the for voting be changed our governmentto ask that the given the right to vote. and that all 'white men over21 years of age be

230-239E A&H SST UNIT III, p.28 (1789-1825) ELLIS CHAPTLR 17DEMOCRACY SPREADS

INDEXIITO of effective if presentedbefore the reading NOTE: This excercise'will be more the chapter. this to important namesand places in Listed below arequestions relating of the book)indicate the pagenumbers chapter. Using the indexin the back *where the answersban-be found. Page No. Question

1. Who did theFederalists run for governor againstClinton?

2. What plan ofWashington's did Edmond Gen'ótdisapprove?

3. How didAlexander Hamiltonaid Li electing JeffersonPresident of the U.S.?

4. Who vas the Americancommander who von the Lake Eriebattle at Put-in-Bay?

5. Why did JamesKent feel thatonly rich people shouldhave the right to vote?

6. Hay did the Americancommander at Plattdburgh Bay onLake Champlain provide for morefirepower?

7. What weretuo nicknamesgiven to Martin Van Buren?

[j]I 8. Uhat fault in thegovernment organization gavethe Anti- Federalists a causefor disagreement amongthemselves?

9. Mat vasthe main achievementof the treaty which JohnJay secured from England?

10. What rightdid the Alienand Sedition Act violate? 14....P*******MON~10.0.011

UNIT III) p. 29 230-239E A&H .SST ELLIS, CHAPTER 17,DEMOCRACY SPREADS(1789-1825)

DIRECTED READING

READ TO FIND THE ANSWMISTO THESE QUESTIONS: Hamilton's Federalists p. 231-233,George Clinton opposes 1. Why did the Federalistssupport the Constitution? strong nationalgovernment? 2. Why did theAnti-Federalists oppose a violated our neutralrights? 3. What were three waysin which England Act and what rightdid it 4. What was the purpose ofthe'Alien and Sedition violate. of the governor mereneld in check? 5. What vere two waysby which the powers p. 233, TheHamilton-Burr Duel Hamilton-Burr duel? 6. What were the circumstancesleading up to the York in the Warof 1812 p.233-236, Tompkins Directs New favor war withEngland whileothers 7. For what reasonsdid some American-s opposed it? 8. What vere GovernorTompkins main problems? aided the Anericans? 9. What two navalvictories in New York p.236, New York Becomes aDemocracy 10. When vas the ErieCanal opened fortraffic? the revision ofthe States'constitution 11. What democraticgains were made in in 1821? ON PAGE 239 OFYOUR TEXT. REVIEW THE CHAPTER BYANSWERING THE QUESTIONS

230-239E 557 UNIT III, p. 30 ELLIS CHAPTER 17, DEMOCRACYSPREADS (1789-1825)

qUESTIONS FOR REVIEW

most likely to belong tothe 1. Which of thefollowing groups was c) tenant Anti-Federalist party?a) merchants b) landlords farmersd) large landholders a) 2. Which of thefollowing was a leadingAnti-Federalist? d) John George Clintonb) John Jayc) Alexander Hamilton Adams a) Hamilton 3. What was theresult of the Hamilton-Burrduel? c) Neither man was killed. killed Burr. b) Burr killed Hamilton. d) Dueling was abolishedin the United States. 3. 1812 EXCEPT: 4. All of the follauing were causesof the War of a) Great Britain would not paythe debt it owed tothe `United American Oailors. c) American States. b) Great Britain impressed frontiersmen 'wanted tocapture Canada. d) Some people blamed 4. the British forstirring up the Indians. general in the 5. Which of these menmade the best record as a War of 1812?a) Jacob Brawn, b),,,Stephen Van Rensselaer, c) Henry Dearborn, d) Edmund Genet. 1812 6. All of these places wereimportant in the War of a) Sackett's Harbor,b) Plattsburgh, c) Oriskany EXCEPT: 6. d) LunCy's Lane. Ist of the Erie 7. The most important manin the construction c) Canal was a) Martin Van Buren, b) De Vitt Clinton, 7. Daniel Tompkins, d) George Clinton in 1821 which 8. The most imrortantoutcome of the meeting revised the N.Y. StateConstitution vasa) the right to vote vas given toall vhite men overtwenty-one years to vote. c)slavery of age. b) women were given the right abolished. 0 thelegislature had to approve in New York was 8. appointments made by the governor.

UNIT III, p. 31 230-239E A&H SS7 QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW (continued)

place the letterof the person In the blank after eachstatement in Column II in Column I. who best fitsthe description.

MOM who sponsoredthe Erie Canal 9. A. Thomas Macdonough Governor of N.Y. A Nosed out of thePresidency by ThomasJefferson B. Edmond Genet 10. he fought andkilled AlexanderHamilton C. John Jay of New A governor of N.Y.,First Chief Justice 11. York and laterChief Justice ofthe U.S. D. Aaron Burr

"First Farmer Governor"of N.Y., hebelieved E. Daniel Tompkins the high in fighting forAmerican rights on 12. F. Oliver Perry seas "We have met From Lake Elie hesent the message G. De Witt Clinton the enemy and they areours." 13. H. Martin Van Buren fought for Nicknamed the"Little Magician", he giving more men thevote in 1821 andlater I. George Clinton 14. became President ofthe U.S. 01=1111117111101111111111111110t

He von a victoryfor us atPlattsburgh Bay 15. against great odds

First Minister ofthe FrenchRepublic to the U.S., he tried tostir up feelinghere 16. against the Britidh

UNIT III, p. 32 230-239E SST NEW YORKERS(1825-1865) ELLISCHAPTER 18POLITICAL ISSUES DIVIDE WORDS,TO LEARN

People, Places,Events, et cetera Vocabulary Civil Democrats, Whigs,Abraham Lincoln, p. 240*civil, industrial)politic- War, Anti-MasonicParty, Republican ians Party, Whigs, Workingmen'sParty, Liberty p.241rumor, population,debt, Van Free Soil Party,Democrats, Mo2tin immigration,*nativist, Chief A. Buren, MillardFillmore, Chester Executive Arthur, TheodoreRoosevelt, William Seward Thurlow Kinderhook,Kansas-Nebraska Act, p.242opposed, antislavery,expand conflict Weed America, Horace posed a Confederate States of p.243 *secede, secession, problem areeley Mayor FernandoWood, Fort Sumter, disunion p.244 Charleston, SouthCarolina, Richmond Edwin Colonel ElmerEllsworth, Governor 245 enlistment, volunteer,*-1raft, p. D. Morgan,Philip HenrySheridan *quota Governor HoratisSeymour, Remington 246 equipment p. Plant, Ilion,Watervliet

Worden, Monitor, freight, seized, Ideutenant John p.247 prosperous, Merrimac, ChesapeakeBay, Erie Canal, *strike, strikers,boost, Kew York CentralR.R. *reform Words Used inContext by a government. those rightsguaranteed to citizens civil Civil rights are and civil rightsin We speak ofcivil affairs,civil organizations, referring to citizensas part oftheir communities. government. A manwho is is one who isinvolved in politician A politician holding a positionin active in thebusiness ofgovernment, either to office, is apolitician. government or runningfor election Civil War great industrialstate after the Neu York:became a trades opened industrial companies grewlarger and new wlien many old manufacturing been helpedby Many industrialoperations have shops and factories. cheaply than make products morequickly and newinventions 'which can by handmanufacture. running the executive, or personresponsible for chief executive The chief executive is thePresident.The chief government ofthe United States, of New YbrkState is theGovernor.

UNIT III, p.33 240.248E A&H 621 Words Used in Context (continued)

The immigration ofpeople from Europe tothe United States has immigration and helped the growth of ourcountry. Immigration brings the skills culture of all countries to newcountries to help them grow.

Some states decided tosecede from the unionand form the Confederate secede the government States of America.By their secessionthey withdrew,from of the United States. have In order to be prepared for war,a nationdrafts its people to draft the draft the many men needed for its armyand navy.Men register for and can be made to serve inthe military services. to contribute orreceive. quota A quota is a share ofsomething that you are income. Your weekly allowance is yourquota of your family's UI factory untilcertain The strikers refused tocontinue to work at the strike the strike demands were met.When the employersagreed to the demands, vas called off. faults or evils reform Some social problems callfor reform to correct situation. that are present. A reformmovement seeks to improve a

34 240-248E A&H SS7 UNIT III, p. NEU YORKERS(1825-1865) ELLISCHAPTER 18POLITICAL ISSUES DIVIDE

VOCABULNRY TEST

column below with onephrase in Directions - Match each wordin the left hand Before each numberwrite the the right hand column whichdefines it. letter that stands forthe correct definition. from a group 1. prosperous a. withdraw into service 2. opposed b. compel to go part in something 3. reform c. a share or yell-to-do 4. draft d. successful, refuse to continueworking 5. volunteer e. trade or maaufacture 6. secede f. pertaining to Li or something 7. immigration g. against someone his services 8. rumor h. one who offers

9. quota i. something owed in government 10. population j. a person involved something up or forward 11. strike k. a push to help in a country orregion 12. debt 1. all the people

13. boost m. a question story not based on 14. industrial n. a report or definite knowledge 15. politician o. movementof people into a newcountry

p. improve

240-248E A&H SS7 UNIT III, p.35 ELLISCHAPTER 18, POLITICAL ISSUES DIVIDE NEWYORKERS 1825-1865)

DIRECTED READING

READ TO FIND THE ANSWERS TO THESE QUESTIONS:

p. 240-241, New IssuesCreate New Parties 1. How did the nativist movement affectpolitical parties? 2. What were the political parties of theearly to mid...1800s, and what were their purposes? p. 241-242, Slavery leads to aNew Party 3. What is the origin of the expression O.K. ? 4. Who was the leader of the Democrats? 5. Who are the Vice-Presidents from Hew Yorkwho have become President ofthe U.S.? 6. Why did the Democrats oppose Seward? 7. Hau did differences over slavery affectthe political parties? 8. What brought about the formation of the RepublicanParty? What was its "platform"? 9. In what party were Thurlow Weed and WilliamSeward active? p.243-248, New York Helps to Preserve the Union 10. Haw did New Yorkers feel about thesecession of the southern states? 11. What percentage of the Union soldiersin 1862 were from New York? 12. What percentage of all New York soldiersdied in the Civil War? 13. Why vas the draft law disliked? 14. Which industries prospered as a result ofthe Civil War? 15. Which industries suffered as a resultof the war? 16. In what ways did New York play a part in the CivilWar?

REVIEW THE CHAPTER BY ANSWLRING THEQUESTIONS OU PAGE 248

A&H SST UNIT III; p,36 240-248E ELLISCHAPTER 18POLITICAL ISSUES DIVIDE NEW YORKERS(1825-1865)

READING FOR MAIN IDEAS

Listed in Column I are Anerican politicalparties, and in Column II, in scram- bled order, the purposes of these parties.Use your books to find the parties and purposes. Before the number of the party, write theletter that stands for its purpose.

Column I, Parties Column II, Purposes

1. Anti4lasonic A. unite anti-slave members fromthe Whigs and Democrats 2. Workingmen's AIMINIMMEf1111=111711111110, B. protest killing of member of organ- 3. Liberty ization

4. Free Soil C. oppose government spending

5. Whigs D. develop natural resourPas(Erie Canal)

6. Democrats E. fight for free education andagainst imprisonment of debtors 7. Republicans F. forbid the spreading of slavery

G. end slavery

SST UNIT III, p. 37 240-248E (1825-1865) ELLIS CHAPTER 18POLITICAL ISSUES DIVIDE NEUYORKERS

QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW

statement in theright hand Match each name in the lefthand column uith the the letter thatstands for column which explains it. Before each number write the matching statement. called for the endingof 1. Anti-Masonic Party a. This party slavery 2. Free Soil Party b. A small groupthat demanded free and ending of jail 3. Liberty Party public education sentences for debt 4. Whig Party c. One ofthe two leadingpolitical 1855 5. Workingmen's Party parties before alINI110.11 d. This partyopposed the Orderof Masons

e. A partythat existed onlyin the southern part ofthe United States of f. This partyopposed the extension slavery

the best answer toeadh of the following: Before each numberwrite the letter of served as Presidentof the United 6. Each of the followingNew Yorkers has b) William H. Sewardc) Chester States EXCEPT: a) Martin Van Buren A. Arthurd) Theodore Roosevelt Riots in July1863 following were reasonsfor the Draft 7. All of the wanted a) Rich men could avoidthe draftb) Most New Yorkers EXCEPT: given a veryhigh vota tho South to yin the marc) New York City was afraid that freedslaves would push of mend) Some workingmen were them out of their jobs things to happenin New York 8. The Civil War causedALL of the following industry grewrapidly b) Farmers State EXCEPT: a) The iron and steel c) Workers sufferedbe- produced more farmproduct3 than everbefore d) New York factoriesreceived cause prices rosefaster than 'wages few war orders in New York State following mere resultsof the Civil Mar 9. ALL of the b) Many young people a) Manufacturing becameless important EXCEPT: reform movements left their farms forthe cityc) The pre-Civil War contribution immigrantsmade toward died outd) People appreciated the winning the mar

UNIT IIII p.38 240-248E A&H SS? QUESTIONS FORREVIEW (continued)

S. different attitudes 1 of New Yorkerswho held 10. Below arelisted four groups to the rightof states. In the spaces towards the secessionof the southern towards thesecession. these, briefly givethe group'S'attitude

1, t 1. Men likeHorace Greeley

2. Men like MayorFernando Wood

3. Men who wereDemocrats

country againstrebels 4. Men who wantedto defend the

=1/.41,

UNIT III, p.39 240-248E 551 PIONEERS INSOCIAL PROGRESS FLIERL CHAPTER16 NEW YORK WORDS TO TEARN

et cetera , PeoplePlacesEvents Vocabulary

*alms- *paupers , p.242 *poormaster, , house, *poorhouse

p.244 apprentices,asylum *probation officer, r.246delinquent, *reformatory, offenders,debtors Osborne Thomas Eddy,Thomas Mott p.247 *milestone E. Smith, Knights ofLabor, Alfred F. Wagner, p.248 Am. Fed. ofLabor, Robert Perkins, Congress ofInd. Org.,Frances

Act Anti-Discrimination p.249 discrimination arusade p. 250inherit, rights, Bryant Horace Greeley,William C. p. 251*suffrage Blackwell,Amelia Bloomer indus- Elizabeth p. 252ordained,*coeducation; trial, reform Elizabeth C.Stanton SusanAnthony, p. 253 Convention protest, *Women's Rights p.254 guardians,injustices, violating Carrie ChapmanCatt p. 255 campaign Amendment PresidentWilson;Nineteenth p.256 influence Words Used inContext called contributions, oralms, was for the poorsupported by almshouse t house almshouses. Charitable peopleestablished dn almshouse. being apprenticedto a could learn atrade by A young person to 'whom he wasapPrenticed. apprenticed live in thehouse of the man craftsman, He would needy iscalled anasylum. of eitherthe ill or A placefor the care asylum orphans. Asylums Imreestablished for some- delinquents tojail, they are Instead ofsending probation Lb probationofficer under thesupervision of a to remainat home probation, ortria.u; times permitted the offenderis on During theperiod that officer. his activities. the probationofficer guides

242-257F UNIT III,p.40 SS7 Words Used inContext (continued)

will reform theirchar:after It is hopedthat young lawbreakers reformatory Boys between the agesof sixteen while under trainingin a reformatory. reformatory rather thanbeing sent to and twenty-one aresentenced to a jail. given to a personunder the law.Women were rights Rights are privileges once notentitled to as manyrights as men. Women had to fightto obtain suffrage. suffrage Suffrage is the rightto vote. making better orimproving. Mrs. reform Reform is the termused to indicate Bloomer vanted toreform women'sfashions. 0.111.1.==111111....0.111.111 particular purpose is acampaign. A series ofplanned activities for a campaign suffrage for women. Mrs. Catt organized a crYpaign to obtain

of importance iscalled influence. President influence The power of a person Wilson, used hisinfluence to favorwomen's suffrage. ii

111

242-257P 857 UNIT III, p.41 FLIERL CHAPTER16 NEW YORK PIONNEERSIN SOCIAL PROGRESS

VOCABULARY TEST Identify the correct Read each statement andthe four choices whichfollow it. choice by placing itsletter in the space provided. charity vas called 1. A house to care forthe poor,supported by private c. a trainingschool a. a poorhouse 1. b. a jail d. an almshouse master craftsman, he wassaid to be 2. When a boy learned atrade by living with a a. supported c. apprenticed 2. b. mistreated d. pampered 000/

3. If a man were ill or poor,he might seek tobe placed in school a. a reformatory c. an outdoor 3. b. an asylum d. an orphanage permitted to remain athome 4. The counselor in charge of adelinquent who is is called apprentice master a. a guidancecounselor c. an b. a probation officer d. a parent lawbreakers are sentto a 5. Between the ages ofsixteen and twenty-one a. state trainingschool c. jail b. reformatory d. house of refuge

6. Privileges granted by law arecalled a. requirements c. duties b. responsibilities d. rights

7. Women campaignedfor the right to vote,known as rights a. women'srights c. equal b. suffrage d. political reform Eddy to work forprison 8. Cruel treatment ofprisoners,caused men like Thomas b. reconstruction a. reform 8. b. review d. elimination suffrage, Mrs. Cattled a 9In order to persuadethe people to grant women a. hospital c. school 9. b. army d. campaign convince others becausethey have 10. Persons inauthority are able to c. newspapers a. money 10. b. influence d. radio coverage

242-257F SS7 UNIT III, p.42 IN SOCIALPROGRESS FLIERL, CHAPTER16 NEU YORK PIONEERS

DIRECTED READING

READ TO FIND THEANSWERS TO THESEQUESTIONS: Poor p.2420 Hbmes for the Explain howthey differ. of houses set upfor the poor? 1. What werethe two kinds Adults p.2420 Help for Needy government aidlike? set up in eachcounty with 2. What werethe poor houses of over-crowding? 3. How did theysolve the problem p.2430 Care for SickPaupers 4. How did New YorkCiiiI77773771-arighers? p.244, Children inTrodble children have? 5. What kind oflife did these p.2440 Care for Orphans provide for theirinmates? 6. What servicesdid orphanages children whocommitted crimestreated? 7. How were the MentallyIll p.2450 Effort6 to Cure of caring forthe mentallyill. 8. Contrast theold and new ways Delinquent Children p.245, Care for of Refuge followed by thechildien at the House 9. What kindof schedule was for JuvenileDelinquents? p.246, Young Offenders sixteen and treatment ofoffenders under 10. What is thedifference in the those &tersixteen? Adult Lawbreakers p.246, Treatment of criminals treated? 11. How wereserious ddbts? who vere unableto pay their 12. Whathappened to people p.246, New Ways ofTreating Criminals debtors? 13. How didEddy try to help poor introduced as aresult of of criminals were 14. What changesin the treatment the new statelaw? p.247, Crowded Prisons order kept incrowded prisons? 15. Hou vas Prison Reform p.247, Convict TomBrown and prison reform? 16. How did Osbornehelp bring about these reforms? 17. What were Unions p.2480 Developmentof Labor to workersin forming aunion? 18. What was themain advantage which existedat different the four groupsof unions 19. What werethe names of times in theUnited States? Led to Reform p.24810 A Tragedy Which of the TriangleShirtwaist Fire? 20. What laws wereenacted as a result 248, Gains for Labor p. the GreatDepression? vdre passed to helplabor during 21. Whatfederal laws 13.249,PALJEDLIISILESE211E222R1P.people? laws mere passedto help working 22. What state Working Children p.2490 The Problems of work instead ofschool? 23. Why did somechildren go to 2490 Child LaborLaws p. labor? in lawsregulating child 24. What progresshas been made p. 2500Wbmen and Property held to beinferior to men? 25. In what wayswere vomen p. 2510Suffragists right to vote? about vomen the 26. How did mostpeople feel granting

UNIT III,p.43 242-257F 857 DaRECTED READING (continued)

p.2510 Gains for Women 27. In mhat may did thefactory system extendwomen's rights'? 28. What other gains mere madein improving women'sposition? p. 252,Advances in Education forWomen 29. What different kindsof schools mereopened for momen? p. 2520 Reformin Women's Clothes 30. Why did momen'sclothes need to bereformed? p. 2530 GreatLeaders Anthony help in thefight for momen's 31. Haw did ElizabethStanton and Susan B. rights? p. 255, TheCampaign for WomanSuffrage 32. Haw did Mrs. CarrieC. Catt help inthis campaign? p. 255,Women Win the Rightto Vote to overcome inorder to gain theright 33. What problems didthe suffragists have for *women to vote inN.Y. State? PAGES 2440 247, 250,2560MID257 REVIEW THE CHAPTER BYANSWERING QUESTIONS ON OF YOUR TEXT IE V

242-257F SS7 UNIT III, p.44 FLIERL, CHAPTER16 NEU YORK PIONEERING SOCIALPROGRESS

FINDING MAIN IDEAS ANDSUPPORTING DETAILS(Rereading) 111 Fill in these Below is a partial outlinewith some supportingdetails omitted. missing items by-selectingfrom the followingsupporting details:

Later, laws were New York' passed laws providing for accident-, passed to provide insurance and a short- additional gains ened work week for labor

People Imre shocked These child labor by the fire atthe laws were not Triangle Shirtwaist properly enforced Factory at first

011.11M..10

Many Childrenworked in factories instead of going to school

248.250F 587 UNIT III, p.45 FLIERLCHAPTER 16, NEW YORK PIONEERING SOCIAL PROGRESS

THE RISE OF THE LABOR MOMENT

I. 1-17Zvelopment of LaborUhions

A. B. .111541MMIV Vorkers were able Unions grouped to- to win more pay from 1 gether to become the boss by forming strouger unions

--...------,..-- 1

A Timgedy Which Led to Reform

As a result of an investigation, laws regulating working conditions were passed

Gains for Labor

A. [ At the beginning, labor fought alone to improve conditions

IV. FETTYork Laws, Help Working People.

Employers were forbidden to discriminate in hiring because of race, creed, color or national origin

Li SST UNIT III, p. 46 248-250F THE RISE OF THE LALOR VKATITAL:T

L2.112 Problens of Working Chileiren

A. B.

Reforners wanted to improve the life of working children

VI. Child Labor Laws

Laws were gradually enacted to assure the protection and education of children

Our present child labor laus

SS7 UNIT III, p.47 248-250F FLIERL CHAPTER 16 NEW YtRK PIONEERS IN SOCIAL PROGRESS

QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW

1. All of the following conditions existed in the early poorhouses EXCEPT: a) the inmates led miserable livesb) the food was badc) the sick and insane were removedd) rooms were ill-heated, drafty and damp 1. Ui lINC1010.1111011011111111111

,2. To help the sick paupers, New York City constructeda) almshouses b) Bloomingdale Asylumc) Utica Lunatic Asylumd) Bellevue 2.

3. One of the disadvantages of the apprentice system vas a) children learned to commite crimesb) orphans were taught trades c) masters were sometimes crueld) families were separated 3.

4. VITwas the public so slow in providing help 'for the mentally ill? a) They lacked the money b) There Imre no good doctors for the mentally illc) They feared them as "lunatics" d) They preferred caring for them at home 4.

5. All of the following ways of treating delinquents are in effect today EXCEPT: a) They are guided by a probation officerb) They are sent to state training schools c) They are sent to jaild) They are placed in reformatories 5.

6. Workers found that they were more effective in dealing with their bosses when they formed

7. vas the name of a group of unions.

8. After the Tragedy, laws were enacted making it necessary for employers to Drovide safe working conditions.

616 9. passed under the leadership of Senator Robert Wagner protected labor organizer, limited working hours and set up minimum wages.

10. In order to assure that all children go to school, laws vere passed prohibiting children from going to 'work.

Indicate whether the following statements are true or false:

11. In the early days, a married woman had the right to keep her 'wages, if her husband refused to support her. 11.

12. In the early days, women who remained single generally found interesting 12. work by-uhich-she could earn her a living. 1011.=.101.11..p.

13. Suffragists worked to obtain equal rights for women in jobs, politics and

nmeage. 13.

14. In the early days, few women were admitted to colleges. 14.

15. The American people were easily von over to the idea of giving women the right to vote. 15.

SS7- UNIT III, p.48 242.257 QUESTIONS FOR REVIEU (continued)

Given belaw are names.of leaders and reasons for which therare remembered. Place the letter of the name of the leader next to the reason.

Column I Column II REASONS LEADERS

16. befriended.orcanized labor a. Thomas A. Osborne amewm1111111111m......

17. did allay with cruel punish- b. Susan B. Anthony 01.11.WAYINAMI...141M ments for criminals c. Elizabeth C. Stanton 01....18. -worked for prison reform d. Thomas Eddy 19. became one of the first en woman doctors e. Robert E. Wagner

20. vas arrested for voting f. Elizabeth Blackwell

Jta 21. called the Women's Rights awasommanonosmomil Convention

L, I1 i

SS7 UNIT IIII p. 49 242-257F ELLISCHAPTER 19, NEW YOREERS MAKE SOCIAL PROGRESS

WORDS TO LENRN

Vocabulary People, PlacesEventset cetera p. 249cultural Canada, Elizabeth Cady Stanton p. 250frontier, missionary, prediction New England, Ireland, Christians, Roman Catholic Church, Empire State, Bishop John Hughes, Protestants, Methodist, Episcopal, Baptist, Presbyterian, Congregational, Protestant, Episcopal, Dutch Reformed, Lutheran, Jews, Civil War, Joseph Smith, Palmyra,, Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter-Day Saints, Mormom Church, Brigham Young, Salt Lake, Utah, William Miller, Adventist Church, Margaret and Kate Fox, Hydeville p. 251communities, *spiritualism, Lake Chatauqua, Shakers declined p. 252slums) crusade, legal, official, Seneca Falls, Susan B. Anthony, convention) grievances Declaration of Independence p. 253*temperance, penalty, amendment,Nineteenth Amendment, Emma Willard, stocks, offenders Troy, Elmira, Vassar, Cornell University, Elizabeth Blackwell, Geneva, Governor John Jay, Amelia Bloomer p. 254solitary confinement) institup Thomas Eddy, Quaker) Navigate Prison, tion, *refornE12322. *asylum Auburn Prison, "Auburn System", Europe, Ossining, Hudson River, Sing Sing Prison, New York, House of Refuge p. 255 intoxicating beverages,*prohib- Hector 001.01.140.1,411010 ition *senologistre p. 256colonial, inequality, radicals, American Colonization Society, Theodore ancestors, inherited, dedicated Weld, Utica, Abolitionists, Uhderground Railroad) Gerrit Smith, Peterboro, Syracuse, Jerry Mc Henry, John Brown p. 257territories, establish, legis- Governor George Clinton, Board of lature, conductor Regents, De Vitt Clinton, Jedeidh Peck, Otsego County, Neu York City, Free Sdhool Society, Yankee, New England, Gideon Hawley, Harriet Tubman, Auburn p. 258 compete, tuition, elementary, Latin, Greek district, ftchool

A85H SS7 UHIT III, p. 50 249-261E WORDS TO LEARN (continued)

Vocabulary PeoplePlacesEveats et cetera p. 259 *academies, accurate, rival Columbia, West Point, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, James Gordon Bennett, Horace Greeley, New York Tribune, Neu York Times, Washington IrVing, History of New York, Sketch Book, "Legend of Sleepy Hollow", TrRip Van Winkle' p.260editor, concentrated Hudson Valley, Dutch, Tarrytown, James Fenimore Cooper, Cooperstown, 22_221.:4 Leatherstocking Tales, Longfellow, Emerson, Hawthorne-, Herman Melville, Walt Whitman, Albany, South Pacific, Moby Dick, Long Island,110 Captain: My Captain!", Ezra Ames, Samuel Morse, William Sidney Mount, Setauket, Catskills, Thomas Cole, Frederick Church, Jenny Lind, Philharmonic Society, Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra

Words Used in Context

prediction His prediction vas that the atom bomb 'would never beused. We hope that the futureIii shay that this prediction comes true.

spiritualism Spiritualism is the belief that dead people continue to live as spirits who can communicate with the living through the help of amedium, a person supposedly able to talk:withthe spirits. Margaret and Kate Fox tricked many people into believing in spiritualism.

grievances Nassau County has a Grievance Day set aside so residentsof the county can bring their complaints to official notice. It is beet to let your grievances be known so thatconditions maybe improved.

temperance amEnce in doing anything means being moderate,and not going to extremes. Believers in the Temperance Movement, however,think there should be absolutely no drinking of alcoholic beverages.

asylum Formerly asylum was a place of refuge, a church or templewhere fug- itives Imre safe from arrest. Today we think of an asylum mainly as a place for the care of the mentallyill. xseaLaa Under the prohibition amendement to the Constitutionthe manufacture and sale of alcoholic liquors was forbidden. When you prohibit.. something, you refuse permission for it, or stop the doing ofit.

phrenologist some people believe that a phrenologist can tell themdbout their character and mental abilities by examining the shapeand the bumps on their skull. To others, the practice of Ehzenology is a fake, like a fortune-telling gypsy.

A&H SS7 UNIT Iii, p. 51 249-261E Words Used In Context (continued)

social radicals A person vho favors extreme or veryupsetting changes in the pattern is often called a radical. The Abolitionists wereconsidered dangeraus radicalsbecause-TEFlianted to do away vith slavery. where the reformatory The young criminal vassentenced to the reformatory A re. training and discipline vouldchange his ideas for thebetter. formatory is for a youthful offenderwhile a prison is for anadult criminal. academies, academies An academy is a school ofhigher learning. Many private atmorwoorommorstamwhere students paid tuition inorder to get an education,later became free public high schools.

ill

SST UNIT XII, p. 52 249-26lE e7 ELLISCHAPTER 19 MU YORKERS MAKE SOCIAL PROGRESS

VOCABULARY TEST

Read each statement and the four choices which follow it. Identify the correct choice by placing its letter on the line after the number of the statement.

1. Schools for higher education are called a. academies c. academics b. ancestors d. altitudes

2. One mho is active in government is a a. practitioner c. statistician b. dietician d. politician 2.

3. A forecast of what is to happen in the future is a a. prediction c. history b. news broadcast d. serial 3.011.11.0.11...11.M.IM11110

4. Moderation in the drinking of alcoholic beverages is termed a. temperament c. temperance b. contemporary d. attempt

5. A place for housingand treating mentally ill or aged people is an a. asteroid c. assumption b. asylum d. asinine 5.

6. When a person believes in extremes or unacceptable social procedure he is called a a. radius c. radiator b. radar d. radical 6.

7. The forbidding of orrefusing to permit a certain procedure is called a a. prohibition 0. projection b. profusion d. referral

8. Thebranch of the governmentwhich makes the laws in Vey York State is called the a. Supreme Court c. executive department b. legislature d. law review 8.

9. A complaint or resentment about a condition that exists is a a. compliance c. grievance b. restitution d. reservation 9.

10. Where business has fallen off from a previous high point or deteriorated, it is said to have a. descended c. improved b. increased d, declined 10.

ACM 587 UNIT III, p. 53 249-261E 1

ELLISCHAPTER 19 NEW YORKERS MAKE SOCIALPROGRESS

DIRECTED READING

READ TO FIND THE ANSWERS TO THESE QUESTIONS:

p. 250, The Churches Grow 1. Why did the churches grow in number and strength? 2. What groups of immigrants helped the growth ofthe Roman Catholic Churchin N.Y.? 3. To what church did most of the New Yorkersbelong before the Civil War? 4. Who vas the founder of the Mormon Churdh? 5. Who vas the man responsible for the formationof the Adventist Church? 6. What are the followers of Margaret and Kate Fox called? 7. What type of a religious group was theshakers? p. 2510 New York Becomesthe Center of Reform 8. What were some of the reforms sought by New Yorkers? 9. What were Elizabeth Cady Stantonand Susan B. Anthony fightingfor? 10. Find five rights mhidh womengained in New York State. U. How did women get the rightto vote in national elections? 12. What gains were made in theeducation of women by Emma Willardand Elizabeth Blackwell? p. 253, 5he CriminalsThe Mentally Ill and thePoor Receive Hele 13. What reforws were made in the prisons?In the treatment of thementally ill? The poor? 14. What is a "tee-totaler"? What did temperanceleaders want? p. 256, New Yorkers Leadthe Fight againet Slavery 15. How did reformers provide for theending of slavery in New York? 16. What did the Abolitionists accomplish? p. 2570 Free PublicSchools Come to New York 17. What schools mereprovided in colonial New York? 18. Who were among reformers who 'wanted thefree public schools? 19. What did the district schoollaw of 1812 provide? 20. Why did many children failto take advantage of thedistrict schools? 21. What were two objections facedby the backers of freeschools? 22. When and how were schools ofsecondary level established? 23. What other means of educationhelped all New Yorkers? p. 2590 New YorkBecomes a Leader in Literatureand Arts 24. Who were four New York:writers?What mere their major or bestknown contributions? 25. Who were the famous artists amongNew Yorkers?

REVIEW THE CHAPTER BYANSWERING THE QUESTIONS ON PAGE261

249-261E A&H SST UNIT III, p. 54 ELLIS2 CHAPTER 19, NEW YORKERS MAKE SOCIAL PROGRESS

CRITICAL READING

CAN YOU DISTINGUISH BETWEEN FACT AND OPINION? If you are going to be a competent citizen, it is important thatyou be able to distinguish between fact and opinion. A fact refers to something which actually happened.An opinion is what someone believes or says.Are you able to recognize whether the following statements are facts or opinions?Place a check mark in the proper column following each statement.

Fact 0 inion 1 Naw Yorkers always tried to help their neighbors. 2. Under Governor George Clinton the Board of Regents was set up to supervise education in N.Y. . 3. Margaret and Kate Fox said they were speaking with the spirits of the dead. T7Yn the periodbefore the Civil War most New Yorkers were Protestants. 5. Less than one hundred yearsago women could not vote, hold public office1 orhold property in their own names.

7todaywomen are better at politics than men are. . 7. All husbands treated their *wives with love and respect. tr-67.="11.1-a-r-more parents preferred to have their children work than go to school. 9. All the trained musicians 'were immigrants from Italy or Germany. .0. Foreignors are lisually more musical than Ii Americans...... --.. -----

1] A&H 857 UNIT III, p.55 249.261E ELLISCHAPTER 19, NEU YORKERS MAKESOCIAL PROGRESS

QUESTIONS FOR REVIMI

a) Men- 1. Which was true of churchmembership in the first halfof the 1800's? rapidly. bership in churches increased b) Church membership decreased c) Church membership remained about the same. d) Membership of non-Christian churches. 1 churches increased more rapidlythan membership of Christian

faith of most New Yorkersbefore the Civil War? a) 2. What vas the religious 2 Roman Catholic b) Protestantc) Jewishd) Mohammedan hundred years ago?a) the 3. Which of the following rightsdid women have one c) the right to choose their right to voteb) the right to hold public office 3 awn religiond) the right to hold propertyin their own name expand women's rights 4. All of the following women wereinvolved in the drive to a) Elizabeth Cady Stantonb) Clara Bartonc) Susan B. Anthony except 4 d) Elizabeth Blackwell a) slaves who were es- 5. Who Imre the passengers onthe Underground Railroad? c) businessmen caping to freedomb) prisoners who were escapingfrom jail who were going to workd) miners 'who were going towork 5 a) They were very 6. Haw important were the abolitionistsin opposing slavery? little influence importent because most people wereabolitionists b) They had but they because there were very fewof themc) There were few of them, awakened many people to the evilsof slaveryd) They vere unimportant because 6 most people did not knowthat they existed become free for everyonewho 7. When did public schoolsin New York State first b) between the Revolutionary -wished to attend them?a) in Colonial times d) since 1900. 7 War and the Civil Warc) between the Civil War and1900

8. All of the following are NewYork authors EXCEPTa) Washington Irving d) Walt Whitman. 8 b) Henry Wadsworth Longfellowc) James Fenimore Cooper to it in the 9. Match the church inthe first column withthe person who belonged of the person. second. Place the letter of thechurch after the name a. Spiritualist 1. William Miller b. Roman Catholic 2. Brigham Young 3. Margaret Fox .~AIMINN101.11111 c. Adventist d. Mormom 4. Joseph Smith 5. Bishop John Hughes

Place in the first columnwith the people whofurthered them. 10. Match the reforms interested the letter or letters ofthe reforms after the nameof the individual in it. a. free schools 1. Thomas Eddy b. prisons 2. Orson Fowler c. women's rights 3. Gerrit Smith d. antislavery 4. John Brown 5. Horace Greeley c:t e. architecture f. slums 6. Amelia Bloomer 7. Harriet TUbman 8. Gideon Hawley 9. Theodore Weld 10. De Vitt Clinton U. Jedediah Peck A-1-9 56 249-261E H-1-10 SS7 UNIT III, p. ELLISCHAPTER 21, REFORM TRIUMPHS IN NEW YORK

WORDS TO LEARN

Vocabulary People, Places, Events, et cetera

p. 281corruption, privileges Grover Cleveland, Theodore Roosevelt

P.282 regulate, *political machines, *boss, locality

283*reformers, cartoons, "stuff" Tammany Hall, William Marcy Tweed, the *ballot box Thomas Nast, Harper's Weekly, New York Times Samuel J. Tilden

p. 284 officials, evidence, contractors; "Canal Ring", Rutherford B. Hayes, nominated Chester A. Arthur, Grover Cleveland

p285 vetoed, *tenement, conservation, New York Custom House, Tom Platt, 3 *craft, civil service examinations Theodore Roosevelt, President William Mc Kinley, Rough Riders

p. 286 *assassin, *sweatshop, forest Panama Canal, Charles Evans Hughes, reserves, investigation, public Triangle Shirtwaist Company, Alfred service commission, majority E. Smith, Robert F. Wagner,. Sr.

p. 287register, draft, civilians, World liar I, Food Administrator, Red agencies, bonds Cross, Salvation Army, YMCA, Liberty Ships, General Electric Company, Schenectady, Eastman Kodak, Bausch and Lomb Optical Company

p. 288 *ticker tape, veterans, by- State Police products, *bonus

Vords Used in Context

ballot A citizen votes for the man he wants in public office bymarking a ballot, or piece of paper and putting it in the ballot box. "Stuffing the ballot box" is the dishonest practice which can be discoveredwhen more ballots are found in the box than there are registered voters.

cartoon Many newspapers use cartoons to show their feelings onpolitical or international affairs. The cartoon is an exaggerated drawing of certain traits or characteristics of the person it is meant to show orpoke fun at.

tenement There are many tenement houses in Neu York City's slum areas. The apartments in the tenement houses are old, overcrowded anddirty.

yetoed The governor has the power to vetoor reject a bill passedby the legislature. A bill that is yetoed cannot become a lawunless passed over the governor's yeto by a two-thirds majority ofthe legislature.

A&H SS7 UNIT IIII p.57 281-288E Words Used in Context (continued)

graft Some politicians use their positions for theirpersonal advantage by taking graft, that is, money or property obtaineddishonestly in return for a favor, etc. Boss Tweed and his friends took so muchgraft that they cheated the city out of millions of dollars.

agencies An agency is a person or group given the powerto act for others. The Red Cross and Salvation Army are agencies thatcollect money to be used to help the poor and unfortunate.Landlords often use agents to collect rents for them.

bonds Government bonds are certificates issued in return for moneythe govt. borrows. The government promises to repay vith interestthe money spent for the bond.

by-product Some companies find that by-products oftheir main product can be very valuable. Corn cobs left after corn oil has beenextracted are a by-product that is ground up and used a garden mulch.

ticker tape Changing prices on the stock market are shown on along thin roll of paper called ticker tape. Men a parade passesthe stock market area, streamers of ticker tape are showered from.the windows onto the marchers. below.

bonus The bonus paid to Wbrld War II veterans was money overand above their regular military pay. A bonus is something given or paid inaddition to the regular or customary amount.

281-288E AC4H SST UNIT III, p. 58 ELLIS.) CHAPTER 21, REFORM TRIUMPHSIN NEW YORK.

VOCABUIARY TEST

Directions: Match the meanings in Column II withthe word in Column I.

Column I Column II

1. vetoed a. container

2. bonus b. indebtedness

3. tenement C. named

d. 4. cartoon V killer

5. bond e. rejected

6. graft f. political didhonesty

conditions 7. ballot g. one who improves

8. agencies h. extra pay

run-down apartment house 9. civilians 1.

10. nominated j. dishonest earnings

11. assassin k. political drawing

12. sweatshop 1. indication, sign military or naval 13reformer m. a person not in service 14. corruption n. representative 15. evidence 0. overcrowded factory

p. vote

281.288E A&H SS7 UNIT III, p.59 ELLIS CHAPTER 21 REFORM TRIUMPHS IN NEW YORK

DIRECTED READING

READ TO FIND THE ANEMERS TO_THESE QUESTIONS:

p. 281-282, Corruption Disgraces State and City Government 1. Why was there so much dishonesty in American life after the Civil War? 2. Why vas the government of New York City unworkable? 3. What is a political machine? A "boss"? 4. Who was William Marcy Tweed? 5. How did Tweed and his friends stay in office? 6. What parts did Thomas Nast,Samuel Tilden and the New York Times play in the downfall of Tweed? p. 283-286, Good Governors Bring Reform to New York 7. What reforms did Tilden achieve? 8. What caused Tilden to lose out in the fight for the Presidency? 9. What public offices did Grover Cleveland hold? 10. What law, pacsed in the administration of ChesterA. Arthur, helped to reform government services? 11. Who vas Tom Platt? 12. What public offices did Theodore Roosevelt hold? 13. What were the major accomplishments under Theodore Roosevelt? 14. What attempt at reform brought Charles Evans Hughes into the public eye? 15. What is the purpose of the Pane Service Commission? 16. Hoy were Alfred E. Smith and Robert F. Wagner, Sr. involved in the tragedy of the Triangle Shirt Waist Company? p. 286-288, The Empire State Plays a Leading Role in World War I 17. How did the following groups in New York further the war effort? a. soldiers b. civilians c. farmers d. industries 18. How did the state help the veterans of the war? 19. What were five effects of the war, on New York?

REVIEW THE CHAPTER BY ANSWERrNG THE QUESTIONS ON p. 288

A&H 557 UNIT III, p.60 281-288E ELLIS_,_ CHAPTER 21 REFORM TRIUMPHS INNEW YORK

ORGANIZATION THROUGH OUTLINING (leRecall Aaleading)

Complete the skeleton outline by inserting the itemsprovided. Check off eadh item as you use it.

Wm. Marcy Tweed was one of the most powerfulbosses.// Vetoed bills which would waste pUblic money.// Headed investigation of gasand insurancecompanies.// Civilians were working in wareffort.// Took a percentage on citycontracts.// "Canal Ring" was broken.// Stole millions of dollarsof citymoney.// Tried to improve conditions intenements.// Thomas Nast, Samuel Tilden and NewYork Times caused his downfall.//Ballot boxes were stuffed at electiontime:77--bishonest officials were able to stealmoney.//Created Public Service Commissionto regulate rates.// Would not takeorders fromanyone.//

I. Corruption disgraces stateand city government. A.Li..2aidbleattentiorIa22.2.alsicaLsduring CivillWar. 1. Soldiers were fighting the var. 2. B. Government made largeexpenditures for war materials. 1. 2. Poorly organized governmentscould not control officials. C. Political machines grew afterCivil War. 1. Tammany Hall is verypowerful. a. b. Helped the poor and controlledtheir votes. 2. a. b. C. d. He was convicted of stealing$61000,000. e. He died in prison. *IL Good Governors bring reformto NewYork A. Samuel Tilden 1. Laws against corruption werepassed. 2. B. GroVer Cleveland L. 2, Favored putting best meninto state jobs. C. Theodore Roosevelt 1. Tried to improve conditionsin sweatshops. 2. 3 D. Charles Evans Hughes 1. 2. 3. :Favored laws to helpthe working man.

H Reca3.1) A Rereading) SST UNIT III, p.61 281.288E ELLIS, CHAPTER 21 REFORM TRIMPHS IN NEW.YORK

QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW

1. Why vas there a great deal of dishonesty in American life after the Civil War? a) There were more dishonest people living at this time b) Corrupt political machines controlled many state and local governments. c) There is always dishonesty after a great ward) Returning soldiers could not find jobs and turned to crime. 1

2. Why vas Boss Tweed able to stay in power so long? a) Nest Neu Yorkers admired him b) He looked like an honest manc) He helped many poor people who in turn supported his political machined) He did many fine things for New York City 2

3. What vas an important achievement of Samuel 3. Tilden? a) He brought Boss Tweed to justice b) He rebuilt the Erie Canalc) He Won the Presidency of the United States d) He was elected mayor of New York City 3

4. What did Grover Cleveland do as Governor of Eau York? a) He wasted much public money b) He believed in the "spoils system" in government c) He alloyed dishonesty to continue in the state government d) He put the best men he could find into state jobs 4

5. Theodore Roosevelt believed in ALL of the following EXCEPT: a) A man should keep himself physically fit.b) We must conserve our natural resourcesc) A country must avoid fighting a war at any cost d) Conditions in tenement houses must be improved 5

6. The names of Charles Evans Hughes is associated with a) dishonesty in state governmentb) an investigation of gas and insurance companies c) the spoils system in state government d) an important battle of the Spanish-American War 6

7Q What was the result of the fire in the factory of the Triangle Shirt Waist Company? a) People were shocked at the working conditions in some factories b) Sweat- shops Imre abolished in Eau York Statec) All factories had to be completely fireproofd) Ten-story factory building were prohibited in liew York City.7

8. World War I caused All of the following things to happen in New York State EXCEPT: a) The foreign-born were Americanized more rapidly b) Certain industries received a boostc) Daylight-saving time vas introducedd) More immigrants came into the state than ever before 8

9. EACH of these New Yorkers served as President of the United States EXCEPT: a) Grover Cleveland b) Charles Evans Hughes c) Chester A. Arthur d) Theodore Roosevelt 9

A8011 557 UNIT III, p. 62 281.-288E QUESTIONS FCR REVIEU (continued)

MATCHING

a. This politician becane a capable 1. Thomas Nast 11.1.4111100 President of the U.S., much to everyone's surprise. 2. Bausch & Lona Optical Company .11.011.0114.1WOOMOINIAMIII b. His cartoon started the dovnfall of the Tweed Ring. 3. Alfred E. Smith

c. "A public office is a public trust". 4. Chester A. ArtYur

d. This man faudht for ftctory safety 5. Grover Cleveland and later became a governor of N.Y. 6. Sperry Gyroscope 1..1.100m1m~r.mo e. A political boss of the Republican Party.

f. This company made telescopes, bin- oculars, etc. for the var effort in VW I.

557 UNIT III,p. 63 281.288E ELLISCHAPTER 22 ABLE GOVERNORSLEAD NEW YORK

yORDS,TO LEARN.

et cetera Vocabulary People Places Events

Alfred E. Smith p. 289reorganized, efficiently, slum clearance

p. 290government agencies, hodgepodge, recommend, revision, opponents, interference, *presidingofficer

p. 291necessities, progressive, Franklin Roosevelt regulate James Walker,Herbert H. Lehman p. 292assistance, graft,*racketeering Little New Deal,Fiorello La Guardia, p. 293law-rent housingprojects Adolph Hitler,Brooklyn Navy Yard

Buffalo, Rochester,Schenectady, p.294 pe:iscope, shifts Syracuse, Binghamton,Eastman Kodak, Bausch and Lomb

Thomas E. Dewey p. 295 rival, systematically,*crusade, opposition, politicalmachine, territory, *prosecutorbonus Averell Harriman,Ives-Quinn Act, p.296 *discrimination,unfair prac- State University tices, consumers,expended Nelson A. Rockerfeller p. 297proposals, incometaxes Words Used inContext

dirty and overcrowded arecalled slum clearance Neighborhoods which are in slum clearanceprojects in which slums. Sometimes communities engage old, unsafe houses arereplaced by modernbuildings.

officer is in chargeof the meeting. The presiding officer The presiding officer of the presiding officer of acourt is the judge. The presiding State Assembly iscalled the Speaker. illegally, as withthe Racketeering is theobtaining of money racketeering deal of racketeeringunder Mayor threat of violence. There was a great James Walker. crusadc, action againstgangsters. He conducted a crusade Dewey took:vigorous against crime. proceedings againstcriminals. The prosecutorconducts legal prosecutor special prosecutorto clean up New Governor Lehmanappointed Dewey as York City's crime.

UNIT III,p.64 289-299E A&H SS? Words Used in Context (continued) political machines A political machine is an organizationthat runs a BETTErai-party. By giving state jobs to loyal followers, Deweybuilt a political machine for the Republican Party. consumers Consumers are the people who use goods orservices.The state does everything possible to see thatthe consumer really gets the mer . chandise he is paying for. proposals Rockerfeller presented proposals tothe state legislature. His proposals consisted of a plan toincrease the nunber ofstate parks. income tax The amount of income tax anindividual pays is based on the amount of money he earns.Rockerfeller increased the incometax in order to provide the state governmentwith more money for schools,roads, etc.

territory. territory Land under the jurisdiction of aruler is that ruler's It was the custom of gangstersto force merchants in theirterritory to pay them"protection" money.

A&H ST( UNIT /IX, p,65 289-299E ELLIS, CHAPTER 22, ABLE GOVERNORS LEAD NEW YORK

VOCABULARY TEST

Read each statement and the four choices which follow it. Identify the correct choice by placing its letter on the line after the number of the statement.

1. Removing dilapidated, hazardous houses from dirty, crowded neighborhoods is called a. hause razing c. housing improvement b. tenement lifting d. slum clearance

2. The Speaker of the Assembly is the a. President c. presiding officer b. chairman d. loudmouth

3. The practice of forcing businessmen topay them money illegally is called a. mulcting c. thievery b. racketeering d. tennis 3.

4. When something is done accordingto a regular, organized plan, it is said to be done a. systematically c. perfectly b. professionally d. neatly

5. Those who are against us areour a. partners c. classmates b. oppositiou d. fellow members

6. An organization thatruns apolitical party is called a a. government machine c. graft machine b. political machine d. party machine

T. A business area controlled by agangster is called his a. territory c. business empire b. Shopping center d. enterprise

8. Users of goodsare called a. suckers c. shoppers b. buyers d. consumers

9. Plans presented foradoption are referred to as a. proposals c. laws b. suggestions d. documents 9

10. The act of treating certain people unfairly is called a. favoritism c. prejudice b. discrimination d. singling aut

557 UNIT lEt, p# 66 289-299E ELLISCHAPTER 22, ABLE GOVERNORS LEAD NEWYORK

DIRECTED READING

READ TO FIND THE ANSWERS TO THESE QUESTIONS:

p. 289, Alfred E. SmithReorganizes the State Government 1. What was Smith's childhood like? 2. What two recommendations were made by theconstitutional conventionin reference to the many state agencies? 3. Under Smith many laws were passed to improveconditions in the state. How did these laws help prisoners? Women teachers?Workers? Consumers? 4. What did Smith mean when he answered "Necessities camebefore luxuries"? p. 291, Roosevelt andLehman Carry Out a New Deal 5. What national office did Roosevelt hold beforebecoming governor? 6. As Governor, Roosevelt furthered the policies of AlSmith.What six points were included in these policies? 7. What kind of a mayor was James Walker?What happened to him? 8. What action did Governor Lehman take in reference tothe following: state school teachers? job holders?state debt? low-rent housing? wcrkingpeople? utility companies? dairy farmers? 9. Iftrmas Fiorello La Guardiareelecte&three.times 1:)y.:bheCity Of New York? p. 293, New York Plays anImportant Role in WorldWar II 10. What were three ways in which New Yorkcontributed to the wareffort? 11. What kinds of goods were made in each ofthe following places:Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse, Schenectady, Rome, Binghamton,and Long Island? 12. Where did the additional labor for workin the war industries comefrom? p. 294, Dewey Leads theEmpire State into the PostwarPeriod 13. Tell about Dewey's career from'crime busterto Governor of N.Y. 14. What was the purpose of Dewey's politicalmachine? 15. What four steps were taken by Deweyto help N.Y. manufacture warmaterials? 16. What four ways did Dewey find to help thereturning veterans? 17. What is the Ives-Quinn Act? 18. How does ti.W commission deal with discrimination? 19. Who is responsible for theconstruction of the Thruway? 20. How did Dawey attack otherproblems? 21. What steps in Harriman's careerled to his becoming governor? 22. What progress was made duringHarriman's administration? 23. What are five ways in whichRockefeller improved conditions in ourstate?

REVIEW THE CHAPTER BY ANSWERINGQUESTIONS ON PAGE 299.

ACM SET UNIT III, p.67 289-299E 11 ELLISCHAPTER 22 ABLE GOVERNORS LEAD NEW YORK

HOW WELL DO YOU RaiENBER WHAT YOU HAVE READ?

Below are imaginary autobiographical excerpts taken from thelives of these governors: Alfred E. Smith Franklin D Roosevelt Herbert H. Lehman Thomas E. Dewey Averell Harriman/ Nelson A. Rockefeller. Can you guess who might have written them? Write the correct name in each space provided.

Check the answers by referring to your text. GIVE YOURSELF ONE 1 POINT FOR EACH CORRECT ANSWER. A TOTAL SCORE OFFOURTEEN (14) INDICATES AN EXCELLENT MEMORY, WHILE A SCORE OF MINE (12) SHOWS AVERAGE RECALL. IF YOU HAVE A NINE (9) OR UNDER, REREAD THE CHAPTER.

1. "The Little New Deal" was set up under my administration." 1.

2. "I became governor and evidently did a good job, because the country then elected me as President.This was at the time of the Great Depression". 2.

3. "Because my father died when I was only a boy, I had to work to help out at home. I sold newspapers and had a job at the fish market." 3.

4. "Before I became governor, I occupied the post of lieutenant governor under Roosevelt." 4.

5."I started my political career as a prosecutor investig, ting racketeering in N.Y.C." 5.

6. "A lot of people couldn't understand -why I soudht political office. They felt that way because I was a multi-mil- lionaire, but I:didn!t listen to.them. lwanted to be - governor and was elected in1958." 6.

7. "As a banker I knew a lot about economics. I sueceeded in putting this knowledge to good use.Under my administration the state repaid its debt of 100 milliondollars." 7.

8. "Even though I didn't get to go to school much, I tried to study those things I vas interested in. I did pretty well, too. I became an expert at state government and helped 8. in the fight to revise the state constitution." Inlmow. vOMMININRUall

JD9. "I was proud to be appointed to the post of Assistant

Secretary of Navy by President Wilson." 10111~110

10. Ny first career was in business at which I was most successful. I was always interested in government, though, and when President Roosevelt asked me to help out

during the war, I jumped at the chance. 10. woo.wwwwwweINIO

11. "Everyone was afraid of the gangsters, but I knew that if we could get enough evidence, it would bepossible to

prosecute these criminals. It was, and we won. 11. Apm....4111

A&H 557 UNIT III, p. 68 289.299E ELLIS, CHAPTER 22, ABLE GOVERNORS MAD NEW YORK

HOW WELL DO YOU MEMBER WHAT YOU HAVE READ? (continued)

12. "For awhile I was Ambassador to Russia. Afterwards, I 12. becane governor."

13. "I thought it was so important for the state to help build more schools and hospitals that I raised the income II tax to pay for these things." 13.

14. "As a result of a bad case of infantile paralysis, I had to wear braces on my legs, but I ias determined not to let that stop my career." 14.

15. "Next, I became governor. It was during my administration that the Thruway was started." 15.

16. "As governor, I always wanted to help those who were poor because I remembered how hard it had been for my family vhen I was little." 16.

A&H ss7 UNIT III, p. 69 289-299E ELLISCHAPTER 22 AMIE GOVERNORS LEAD NEW YORK

QUESTIONS FOR REVIEU

1. Mat vas Alfred :E. SmitWs greatest contribution toNew York State government? a) He reorganized the stategovernment b) He picked Republicans as well as Democrats for state jobsc) He increased the taxes people paidd) He raised the salaries of teachers.

2. Mach statement best descrfbes Franklin D. Rooseveltas governor of New York? a) He reversed thepolicies Al Smith had started b) He carried on the policies of Al Smith c) He believed in keeping the state government outof the electric power businessd) He believed that the state government hadno responsibility for those vho were out of vork. 2

3. Governor Lehman did all these things EXCEPT: a) He favored laws which helped vorking people b) He helped the dairy farmers. c) He put New York deeper into debt d) He raised the salaries of schoolteachers 3

.4. The factories of New Yorkincreased their output in World War II because they did all of the following things EXCEPT: a) They hired manywomen workers1)) Many of them rahseven days a week and tventy-four hours a day c) Thousands of workers flocked to New York from the j South and the West Indiesd) rawer workersvere employed because men were re- placed by ldbor-saving madhines. 4 il 5. All of the following were achievements of the Dewey administration EXCEPT: a) The state governmentvas reorganized b) A bonus vas given to var veterans c) The Ives-Quinn Actvas passedd) The State University of New York:vas estdblished 5

3 MATCHING

Column Column II [I 1. Alfred E. Smith a. He headed the so-called "Little New Deal". 2. James Malker b. a veak mayor of N.Y.C. 3. Fiorello La Guardia c. a four-term President 4 Franklin D. Roosevelt d. "Let's look at the record". 5. Herbert Lehman e. Able, picturesque mayor of N.Y.C. 6. Averell Harriman

A&H 587 UNIT III, p.70 289-299E FLIERL CHAPTER 25LOCAL GOVERNMENT TN THE EMPIRE STATE

WORDS TO LEARN

Vocabulary People, PlacesEvents, et cetera p. 396structure, administers, vital, authority, needy, violate p. 397 procedures,"home rule", exec- Thomas Dongan, Province of N.Y. utIve, legislative, judicial, levy, taxation, grants, funds p. 398convened, boundaries, financed, Board of Supervisors, Board ofElections agencies, cooperate, distribution, relief, disaster, facilities, maintenance, brovse p. 399 projects, supervise,officials, *subpoenas, detection, *indictments, *prosecute, *inquests, *deeds) mortgage p. 400 amendment, subdivided,*incorporated village, rural, urban p. 401 eensus population,councilmen, principal, minor, constables, presides, policies, *magistrate, petty theft, *assessors,esETZtes p. 402 budget,*proposition, consent, classification, contrary p. 403majority, economic, features Endicott, Valley Stream, Hempstead, Freeport

p.404legislature, charter, relation- Mechanicville, Saratoga Springs, ship, veto, commissions, *factions,Glen Cove policies

Rochester, p. 405*figureheads, professional, Niagara Falls, Poughkeepsie, popular support, suburbanites, Schenectady, Yonkers metropolis, rival, disputes

p. 406comptroller, borough, sanitation, Board of Estimate, City Planning at large, *franchises, *zoning Commission regulations

p. 407*coordinates, efficiency, Departments of: Health, Sanitation, pollen, fumes, congestion Housing and Building, Docks,Welfare, Correction, PUblic Works, Air Pol- lution Control, Traffic Control

SST UNIT XII, p. 71 396.408F FLIERL CHAPTER 25, LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN THE EMPIRE STATE

Words Used in Context

administers When the chief executive administers thelaws he is managing or directing the organization ofgovernment.An administrator is a person vho controls or directs anorganization so that its purposes are accomplished.

levy We may levy a tax on sales to raise money forgovernment use. It will be difficult to collect large amounts with outlevying new taxes.

convened The representatives of the different parts ofthe country convened in N.Y. City for a meeting. The convention had been called sothat they could all come together and exchange ideas. N.Y. City has the accomoda- tions for those who want to convene in a large group.

facilities Today a washing machine is a facility manyfamilies have. This and other facilities are the results of thelabors and inventiveness of people who looked for an easier and moreconvenient way to do a necessary task.

mortgage When a homeowner needs money he canmortgage the ownership of his property in return for a loan. If the payments on the mortgage arenot made the lender of the money has theright to take the property-which has been pledged as a security for theloan.

subpoenas Subpoenas are delivered to witnessesto compel their appearance in court. If a witness does not obey thesubpoena, which is an order to appear, he may be sUbject topunishment.

indictments In the indictment of the accused manbefore the judge, the district.attorney charged him of the commissionof the crime.An indictment is a formal (and usuallywritten) accusation against a person based on good legal evidence that hehas committed a crime.

inquest The coroner holds an inquest todetermine whether or not a death has come through naturalcausèsY If the inquest brings out the evidence that murder has been committed, the policewill be alerted to search for the criminal.

deed We keep the deed to our house in a safeplace because it is the written proof of ownership. When we sell the house ye willgive a deed to the buyer to shaw that we have transferredthe ownership to him.

magistrate The magistrate's paver as a jludgeis limited to cases involving minor crimes. Ale justice of the peacelin a town acts as amagistrate in hearing cases of traffic violations, ordisturbances of the peace.

principal The principal or main cause ofthe Revolution was a dispute or argument over taxes. The British did not realize intime that the principal thing the colonists wanted wasthe right to tax themselves when necessary.

SS7 UNIT III, p.72 396.408r

LI Words Used in Context proposition The people of the community wanted additional servicesfrom the government so they prepared a proposition asking that avillage be formed. Under the plan that the signed proposition proposedj the newvillage mould have its own police force and its own sanitation department. faction One faction of the political party wanted more emphasis oncivil rights while other groups in the party favored otherideas. A political party must reach a happy medium between the ideas ofthe different factions in order to keep their support. franchises When the government gave the bus company thefranchise to operate on the main highway, it stopped othercompanies from applying for this privilege. If they granted more than one franchise forthe same area, no one would make any money andthe people yould lose the convenience of the bus transportation. zoning regulations The zoning regulations were planned sothat factories and business houses would not be built in the same area asresidences.Also the area was zoned so that apartment housescould not be erected in a private or one family hoube zone.

S57 UNIT III, p.73 396.408F FLIERL CHAPTER 25LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN THE EMPIRE STATE

VOCABULARY TEST

Write the letter of the meanings of the words in Column II in the space in front of the mord in Column I.

1. administer a. proof of ownership

2. levy b. order to appear

3. inquest c. group

4. proposition d. judge

5. frandhise e. pledge as security for a loan

6. deed f. put a tax on something

7. facilities g. main

8. faction h. investigation

9. convened 1. plan of building for an area

10. principal j. accusation

11. mortgage k. assembled in one place

1 i 12. magistrate 1. privilege

13. indictments m. plan

14. subpoena n. manage or direct something

15, zoning regulation o. conveniences

Li S$T UNIT III: p.74 396.4o8r FLIERL CHAPTER 25LOCAL GOVERNMENT INTHE EMPIRE STATE

DIRECTED READING

READ TO FIND THEANSWERS TO THESEQUESTIONS:

p.396, The Rcae of LocalGovernment must be operatedby local govern- 1. Why are there so manypublic services that ment rather thanstate or federalgovernment? P.396-397, gatILIT2ej,L.CiiimentsOerate 2. What is the meaningof home rule'? found in eachcommunity? 3. What three kindsof authority are 4. Haw do local communitiesraise money? Wadhington(federal) and Albany 5. How canauthorities in ourgovernments in (state) keep some control overlocal officials? p. 397, TheCounties of Hew York government in N.Y.State? 6. What are the largestunits of local todayl 7. How many counties arethere in N.Y. State County Government p.398, The Duties of state governments assistthe federal and 8. What are four waysin which county governments? Started andOperated by Count p.398, Services and Facilities Governments that countygovernments supply 9. What are someof the servicesand conveniences for residents? do they operate? 10. What kinds ofpUblid institutions p.398: The Structure ofCounty Government governing body in aN.Y. county? 11. What is thedhief or main 12. What is acounty seat? 13. What twojobs do mostsupervisors hold? Supervisors selected? 14. How is the chairmanof the Board of 15. What type ofduty do boardmembers have? p. 399,Elected CountyOfficials who are electedto their jobs? 16. What are the sevencounty officials 17. What are theduties of eadh? p. 399,The Lack of aStrong Executive veaknesses of countygovernment? C: 18. What are tw o 19. How canthese weaknesses beremedied? Government p.400, Changes in County recommended? four plans ofcounty government now 20» Mat provisionis made in All p.4000 Th9 Towns of NewYork 21» How areN.Y. countiessubdivided? incorporated here, are you acitizen of a city; an 22. Under thedefinition given village; or a town? p.4000 Urban and Rural Towns 23.Whatis a rural town? 24. Mat is an urbantown? rural town? 25. Do you livein an urban or a Second-Class Towns p.400, First-Class and divided accordinr topopulation? 26. Haw are toms Governed p.4010 How blew York's Towns are body in towngovernment? .27. What isthe most important they selected? 28. Mat does itconsist of? How are p.401, The Role of theTellemITE 29. What aretheduties'oethe4t6E-65;ivisor? UNIT III, p.75 396-408F 857 DIRECTED READING (continued)

p. 401, The Many Tasksof Tawn Boards 30. What services do tam boards give? p. 401, Elected andAppointed Town Officials 31. What other officials of a town areelected? 32. What officials are appointed? p. 402, TownCounty, and State Officials Hel EadhOther 33. In vhat ways io the officials of thedifferent local and state governments cooperate with each other? p. 402, Communities WithinTowns . Villages 34. Why are incorporated villages established? p. 402, How a Village isIncorporated? 35. How is a village incorporated? p. 402, Classes of Villages 36. How are villages classified? p. 402, The Village as Part ofthe Town 37. In 'what ways do the villages rely on thetown? 38, In 'what ways are they independent? p. 403, Patterns of VillageGovernment 39. What is the structure of a village government? p. 403, The Village Mayor 40. What are the duties of a mayor? 41. 'What is the difference between a village manager and avillage mayor? p. 403, The Board of Trustees 42. What are the responsibilities of the board of trustees? p. 403, Other VillageOfficials 43. 'What are the appointed village officials and what aretheir duties? p. 404, What is a City? 44. What is a city? 45. What rights does the state hold back in giving cities"home rule"? p. 404, City Governments atWork 46. What are the services of city governments? 47. What are the three types of city government in N.Y.? p.404, The Mayor-Council Type of Government 48. Who is the chief executive ox a mayor-council government? 49. How is the legislative body of a heyor-council governmentmade up? 50. When is a mayor-council type of city governmentstrong? p.4040 The Commission Type 51. What is the supposed benefit of a Commissiontype of city government? 52. Mat is the structure of a commission typeof government? 53. What is a meakness of this type of government? 54. What are some cities that operate under the commissionplan? p. 404, The Counci14IanagerType 55. Who is the chief executive of the council-managerplan of government? 56. How is he selected? 57. What are the duties of the mayor? 58. What cities in New York have professional or "hired" managers? p. 405, City Governments haveMany Problems 59. What problem has the increase in populationbrought? 60. What prdblems have the suburbs created? p. 4050 New York City's Charter 61. What plan of city government does N.Y. City use? 62. Which officials are elected?

SS7 UNIT III, p. 76 396-408r DIRECTED READING (continued)

p. 4060 The Boroughs 63. What are the five boroughs of N.Y. City? 64. How are they governed indtvidually? p. 4o6, The City Council 65. How is the legislative or law making body of the N.Y. CityCouncil set upT 66. Does the mayor have any law-making power? p. 406, The Board ofEstimate 67. Who are the members of the Board of Estimate? p.4o6, The City Flanning Commission 68. What are the dutiesof the City Planning Commission? p. 406, The Mayor 69. What are the mayor's duties as the chief executiveofficer of the city? 70. What part does he play in making the laws? p. 407Departments of City Government 71. What are thirteen of the departments of theN.Y. City Government?

REVIEW THE CHAPTER BY ANSWERING THE QUESTIONS ONPAGES 400, 403, AND1408.

557 UNIT III, p. 77 396.4o8r FLIERL, CHAPTER 251 LOCALGOVERNMENT IN THE EMPIRE STATE

IMEDIATE OR DELAYED ,RECALL below. Jim Skim your text to find the sections onCities. Read the questions uestions. read your textand in the righthand column jot down the answersto the and test yourself Use just single words,or phra,ses.,Now, fold back the answers by asking the questions andanswering themfrommemory.

1. What are six(6) services' performed by city government?

2. What are three(3) types of city government?

ttt'

396.408F 597 UNIT III, p.78 FLIERL CHAPTER 25LOCAL GOVERMENT IN THEa 1-IRE STATE

QUESTIONS FOR REVIEV

c) place 1. What is a"county seat"?a) a park bench,b) a rest home is vhere main country offices arelocatedd) place vhere county furniture 1 made

2. Mhat is a veakness incounty government?a) Most of the counties are too particular person large to be well-governedb) Many counties don't have one dis- in charge of the wholecounty government0 Many county officials are 2 honestd) The governor appoints too manycounty officials a) Board of Trustees, 3. The principal governingbody in a county isthe 3 b) City Councilc) Board of Supervisorsd) Town Board

officials EXCEPT:a) Sheriff b) Police 4. ALL of the following are county 4 Justicec) District Attorneyd) Coroner a) the mayor b) the 5. The most importantofficer in a tovn governmentis 5 managerc) the commissionerd) the supervisor

6. The dhief officials of a village arethea) mayor and board of trustees b) supervision and town boardc) mayor and councild) Board of Super. 6 visors EXCEPT: a) Mayor-Council 7. ALL of the following aretypes of city governments d) Council-Nanager Plan b) President-CongressPlanc) Commission Plan 7 Plan boroughs of N.Y. CityEXCEPT: ) Manhattan 8. AIL of the following are 8 b) Brooklync) Queensd) Westchester b) The Board of 9, The budget in N.Y.City is PREPARED bya) The City Council 9 Estimate c) The Mayord) The City Planning Commission a) 10 b) 12c) 62 0 5 10 10. There are counties in N.Y. today filling in Ammer the followingquestions by selecting fromthe list below and the name*of the correctofficial in the spaceprovided. Coroner County Clerk Sheriff District Attorney Supervisor

where there 11. Who is contactedwhen a sudden death occurs 11 has been no illnessand no apparent cause?

12. 'Mose office do youvisit vhen you, want toget a 12 marriage license? in a murder case 13 13. Mhich officialprosecutes the prisoner 14 A. Mho acts as a representativeof the people ontwo boards? 15 15. Who keeps orderin the County Courtsand serves subpoenas? 396.4o8r 557 UNIT III) p. 79 ELLIS, CHAPTER 261 LOCAL GOVERNMENTS SERVE LOCAL NEEDS

TIORDS TO LEARN

Vocabulary p. 358 *allegianceconstitutiondistrict p. 359supervisor, regulates, independent p. 361 *home rule, cooperate, realm, counties, program, taxes, maintenance p. 362 *prosecute p. 364 welfare, imposes, *will p. 365 dispute, streamline, rural, facilities p. 366 *real property, *personal property, *zone the town p. 367 *incorporate, special district, sewage system p. 369 *veto, representative, appoints p. 370 *assessment roll p. 371 hydroelectric p. 372 *tax rate

Words Used in Context allegiance When the kings' subjects vowed their allegiance to him he was not afraid to attack the enemy. He knew their full loyalty support and de- votion went with their pledge of allegiance. constitution The body of basic rules and principles that are used to govern a country is its constitution. The Constitution of the U.S. has seven articles and twenty-three amendments. home rule New York City makes most of the laws governing its people because it comes under the home rule laws of the state. Home rule permits local communities to handle those of their own affairs that concern them alone. prosecutes The district attorney prosecutes the accused person by bringing legal action against him in the courts. As the prosecutor, he brings befom the judge all the evidence or proof that the accused person has committed the crime. rural 'The parts of the state where there are farms and a great deal of open ebuntry are.the rural.areas. In the summer many people leave the city or urban sections to vacation.in the rural or country.areas.. real property Areal estate agent sells real property, which is the name used for land and the buildings erected on it. The county sets a value on all real property for tax purposes.

A8011 SS7 UNIT III, p. 80 358-373E Words Used in Context zone The factory was built in a zone that was set aside by the town for business and manufacturing use. A short distance away is the residential (zone where.only private dwellings canbe erected. incorporate In order to limit the extent of his responsibility formaking good the losses of his business, a man mayincorporate the business under state laws. This is called forming a corporation. There are also laws under which a group of homeowners may incorporate as avillage in order to have certain benefits. veto In most cases the chief executive officer of agovernment such as a president, gavernor or mayor, has veto power. The right of veto gives the power to reject or turn down and thus prevent frombecoming law, bills that he feels are not proper. assessment roll The assessment roll is the list of all the real propertyin the community together with the estimated money valueof each piece of property. The assessment roll is used to determine the fair shareof taxes for each property owner in the area.

SST UNIT III, p. 81 358-373E ELLISCHAPTER 26LOCAL GOVERNMENTS SERVE LOCAL NEEDS

VOCABULARY TEST

The blanks in each sentence are to be filled 'with words taken from the list below. Read each sentence, find the words that fit the blanks and write them in the correct blanks. sentence

A. tax rate G. personal property B. allegiance H. county C. incorporate I. assesstent roll D. constitution J. home rule E. rural K. prosecute F. real property

Under the laws of its 1) the state can 2) a community as a village if the residents there want more or special services they cannot get under town laws.

The 3) or money each homeowner pays for the services his local government gives him is based on the 4) which shows the value which has been placed on the land in the area.

You can take your 5) such as furniture, jewelry or clothes with you when you move, but not your 6) which is the land and buildings on it.

EVen though the city maybe under 7) and nake its own local laws, the citizens of the city still owe their tq to the state and country whose lays also govern them.

The district attorney, elected by the people of the 9) will 10) the accused person. IFINNIPerfAlmalollimallo,mmomliemoime0m..WMI.41.10.

A&H SST UNIT III, p. 82 358-373E ELLIS, CHAPTER 26 LOCAL GO 01. 1M TS SERVE LOCAL NEEDS

DIRECTED READING

READ TO FIND THE ANSWERS TO THESE QUESTIONS:

p. 359-361, Local Governments are Controlled by the State Government 1. 'What is government? 2. Why do governments become more expensive? 3. How do local governments affect our daily living? 4. What is home rule? 5. What is one vay in which the state controls local government? p. 361-365, The County Serves New Yorkers 6. How vas New York first divided into counties? 7. How many counties are there in N.Y. today? Which is the largest county in area? 8. Why are the counties in N.Y.C. hardly consideredas real counties? 9. What are six examples of the way in which the county government carries out state programs? 10. What are five services usually provided by the county government? 11. How is a board of supervisors made up? 12. Which officials, other than supervisors, are voted for by the voters of a county? 13. What are the duties of the following county officials? County Clerk, District Attorney, Sheriff, Coroner, County Treasurer, Commissioner of Public Welfare, County Judge 14. What is a will? 15. What is a fault in many county governments? 16. Which counties have a single executive head? p. 365-367, Tovn Government Serves Many Citizens 17. What is the difference between first class and second class towns? 18. What are some of the functions of a town.government? 19. What is the governing body of a town?How is it made up? 20. What are the duties of the following town officials? Supervisor, councilmen, justices of the peace, town clerk, superintendent of highways, tax collector, assessor. 21 Why is a special district set up? p. 367-368, Village Government Serves Some New Yorkers 22. Why would people organize a village? 23. How are villages classified?'Which type has the most powers? 24. What is the set-up of a village government? p. 368-3701 City Governments are Important 25. Where do eighty percent of N.Y.'s people live? 26. Why does government become more complicated where more people live? 27. How does the mayor-council plan of city government operate? 28. How does the commission plan of city government operate? 29. Haw does the council manager plan of city government resemble a big business concern? 30. Which is the most common type of city government? p. 370-372, We Pay for Local Government 31. Where do local governments in N.Y.S. get the money to provide necessary services? 32. Haw is the assessment roll made up? 33. What is another source of money for local governments? 34. What are five accomplishments of Robert Moses?

REVIEU THE CHAPTER BY ANSWERING THE QUESTIONS ON p. 373

H&A 557 UNIT III, p. 83 358.373E ELLISCHAPTER 26, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS SERVE LOCAL NEEDS

INTERPRETING CHARTS & DIAGRAMS

Charts or diagrams can be very helpful in understanding complicated arrange- ments. You vill find several charts in this chapter describing various local governments. Look at the chart on Page 364.

At the top of the chart is a box representing the voters of the county. From this box there are eight lines running to eight different boxes. These lines indicate that the voters directly elect the officials in these eight boxes.

What have ve learned up to this point?We find the voters in the county elect the County Treasurer, the Coroner, the director of Public Welfare, the Sheriff, the judges, the County Clerk and the District Attorney, in addition to the supervisors vho make up the Board of Supervisors.The box representing this last group is further down than the others because the supervisors are not electedby the county as a vhole but are elected by each town they represent.

From the box representing the Board of Supervisors, you can see fourlines leading to four sections of the government. There is no line leading from the Voters of the County box. Therefore ve know that the voters do not elect the officials in these sections of the government; the Board of Supervisors appoints or names the men who head these divisions.

The following statements refer to the chart below. In the blanks after each statementindicate vhether it is true or false.

VOTERS 1 VOTERS VOTERS VOIIES OF OF OF OF

ELMONT !FLORAL PNRK I 'FRANKLINSQUARE1 INEWHYDEPARK

UNION FREE SCHOOL UNION FREE SCHOOL ION FREE SCHOOL LJNION FREE SCHOff DISTRICT DISTRICT DISICTTR DISTRICT 16 22 17 5 SCHOOL BOARD 1 SCHOOL BOARD SCHOOL BOARD SCHOOL BOARD

If 'Elementary Elementary' iElementary 1 Schools Schools i Schools \\\

CENIT SCHOOL BOARD

r PRINCIPAL OF THE DISTRICT Ig

H.F. CAREY ELMONT rLORAL PARIC EW HYDE PARK A.T,

10ORIAL MEMORIAL I 1 MEMORIAL STANFORTH H.S. H.S. H.S. Jr. H.S.

H&A 557 UNITIIII p.84 358-373E INTERPRETING CHARTS & DIAGRAMS (continued)

1. The voters of Floral Park elect the District 17 Sdhool Board T 2. The voters of Elmont elect the 'whole Central H.S. District No. 2 Sdhool Board T F 3. The voters of the four areas choose directly the Principal of C.H.S.D. No. 2. 4. District 5 School Board alone selects the C.H.S. Dist #2 School Board 5. C.H.S. Dist. .#2 School Board directly supervises the oper- ations of the six schools. 6. C.H.S. Dist. §2 School Board supervises the elementary schools of District #22.

NOW READ THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS AND CHECE: YOUR ANSWERS TO SEE 1r YOU HAVE READ THE CHART CORRECTLY.

Each of the four areas that make up Central High School District0 has an elementary school district. The voters in each district elect the members of their ovn local school board, vho receive no compensation for their vork. The members of each local school board select a district principal to supervise the elementary schools in that particular elementary school district. The members of each local district schoolboard select two of their meMbers to represent the local school board on the board of Central High SchoolDistrict districts) select the Prin- 712 These eight members (tvo from each of the four cipal of the District, yhose responsibility it is to supervise, through the Principals of each high school building, the operation of the entire highschool district.

(9 g ( ( t("E :seam

H&A SS7 UNIT III, p. 85 358-373E ELLISI CHAPTER261LOCAL GOVERNMENTS SERVE LOCAL NEEDS

QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW

1. Why do ve have government?a) It is a may of working together to solve problems. b) Some people want to rule over the rest of the people. c) People accept government simply because we have alwayshad it. d) People need protection 1

2. One of the most important ways in which the state controlslocal governments is through a) the statewide election of county supervisorsb) the tax on real propertyc) the distribution of tax moneyd) the Department of Conservation 2

3. Which county has the largest area?a) Rockland County b) St.-Lawrence County c) Hamilton County d) Nassau County 3

4. All of the following are services generally provided by counties inNew Ybrk State, EXCEPT: a) checking weights and measuresb) building roadsc) free 4 public schools d) public health nurses AMMO.

5. What is the governing body of most counties in NewYbrk State?a) Board of Supervisors b) The Council c) The Commissiond) The Assembly 5

6. Two people claim they awn the same piece of land. In order to help settle the question of ownerdhip, these people shouldlook at records in the office ofa) the county judgeb) the county treasurerc) the county clerkd) the county sheriff 6

7. What is a serious weakness of many county governments? a) Mbst counties are too large to be efficiently governedb) Many counties have no one person in charge of the mhole county government c) Many county officials are dishonest d) Too many county officials are appointed by the governor 7

8. Who is the chief executive, or most important official in theordinary New York town?a) the justice of the peace b) the supervisorc) the town clerk d) a councilman 8

9. If you violate a traffic law in a town of NewYork State you may appear before a) a councilman b) the supervisor 0 the town clerkd) a justice of the peace 9

10. Who is the chief executive of village governmentin New Ybrk? a) the board of trustees b) the police justice c) the clerkd) the mayor 10

11. What is the most common type of city government inNew Ybrk State? a) the mayor-council plan b) the commission planc) the council-manager plan d) the mayor-trustee plan 11

12. A. frequent weakness of the commission planof city government is: ta) One person has too mudh power overthe city government b) No one oversees the entire city governmentc) There are too many officials elected by the people d) It is too complicated a plan of government 12

H&A SSI UNIT III) p.86 358.373E

ii QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW (continued)

13. How do local governments get most of the money they needto provide services? a) from taxes on the incomes of their peopleb) from sales taxes c) from taxes on buildings and landd) from taxes on the personal property of their citizens 13

Amswer the following questions by selecting from the list andfilling in the name of the correct official in the blankprovided.

County Clerk Coroner Supervisor Sheriff County Treasurer County Judge Commissioner of Public Welfare District Attorney

14. Whose office do yau visit when you want'to find out who owns a certain piece of land? 14.

15. When a death occurs under mysterious cir- cumstances, who determines whether a crime

has been committed? 15. '...w.

16. Which official would be responsible for conditions in the county home? 16.

17. Who sends you your county tax bill? 17.

18. Who prosecutes the case when an alleged murderer is brought to trial? 18.

19: Zoning is a) the boundaries of a local governmentb) establishing districts where only certain kinds of buildings can be built c) the business area of a village, tawn or citg*d) establishing school districts within the boundary of a local government 19

20. Tax rate is a) the amount of tax that must be paid on every$1000 of assessed property b) the total amount of taxes an individualmust pay to his governmentc) the assessed value of a piece of propertyd) the amount of money a government must raise to pay for its services 20

H&A SS7 UNIT III, p. 87 358-373E FLIERL CHAPTER 24, THE STATE GOVERNMENT OF NEW YORK

WCRDS TO LEARN

Vocabulary PeoplePlacesEvents et 'cetera

. 381 *electoral college, rights, Founding Fathers, bill of rights powers, structure, articles

p. 382majority, unconstitutional, adopted, opponents, responsibilities

p. 383proposing actions, policy maker, *fiscal

p. 384 revenue, enforces, pardon, State Police, National Guard, Attorney convicted, *reprieve General

p. 385public authority Department of Audit & Control, Department of LabOr, Department of Agriculture and Markets, Department of Social Welfare, Department of Education, Conservation Department, Department of Commerce, Department of State

3 p. 386 *civil servants,competitive, New York State Thruway Authority, qualified, tenure Port of New York Authority 3 p. 387 levy taxes, interests, *parlia.* Assembly, Senate, Speaker, Majority mentary order Leader, Minority Leader _

p. 388 block, compromise,strategy, Rules Committee, Lieutenant Governor, presides, bills, consideration, Temporary President "companion bill box", open hearings, "76507;1770"wriiiigable with amendmente, "lidverse report"

p. 389"sit on a bill", go on record, 10committee of conference"

"FirEFEMITEee"$*quorum *controversial, "dead," "over. riddee, veto, guilt, innocence, disputes, legal principles

p. 390 broader authority,limited powers, police justices, surrogate court, rlaxal, dependent children, in- Court of Domestic Relations heritance

p. 391 *appealed,apportionment, shift State Supreme Court, Appellete Division in population

p. 392 underrepresented,precinct, polling place

SST UNIT III, p. 88 379-395F WORDS TO LEARN (continued) p. 393election results, annual Board of Canvassers registration, permanent registration, contending, smoke-filled rooms p. 394 "legally constituted" indenend ent candidates, nominees, campaigns

Words Used in Context electoral college The electoral college is elected by the voters of each state to perform the formal duty of actually voting for the president and vice president. The largest number of members of the electoral college come from New York State. This is because each state is allowed the same number of electors as its total of senators and representatives in congress. majority A majority is more than half of the total. In order for an amendment to be added to the constitution, it must first be approved by a majority'of members of the legislature. fiscal The fiscal year is the twelve-month period between settlements of financial accounts. The fiscal year ends June 30th, and the budget for the next financial year begins July 1st. reprieve When the governor postpones the execution of a criminal, he.grants him a reprieve.A reprieve is given when new evidence appears which shows that the criminal may not be guilty. civil servants All those employed in government administration are civil servants. It is necessary that applicants pass examinations before they can becomecivil servants. tenure The right to hold a job without being removed is called tenure. A civil servant has tenure in his job after having held it for a certain period of time. parliamentary order Parliamentary order refers to the rules by which bus-

. msss shall be conducted at a meeting. The Speaker rules on questions of parliamentary order at a meetIng of the Assembly. bill Thousands of bills are considered by the legislature each year, but only some of them become laws. Before a bill can become a law, it must have the approval of the legislature and, in most cases, the signature of the governor. companion bills A new bill may be submitted to either the House or the Assembly, or both. When bills are submitted to both Assembly and Senate they are called companion bills.

SS7 UNIT III, p. 89 382-391F Words Used in Context (contiaued)

Itreport out" A senate committee consisting of a small group, studies new bills and "reports out" their decisions concerning these bills to the rest of the senate. A bill maybe "reported out" in different ways.

"favorable vith amendmentc" One of the ways in 'which a bill may be reported aut is as "favorable with amendments." When this is done, the committee approves the basic bill, but recommends that certainfchanges be made.

"adverse" report When a committee opposes a bill, it gives it an"adverse" report. A bill carrying an "adverse" report would have little chance of becoming law because the rest of the legislators would follow their committee's recommendation.

"sit on a bill" Sometimes when a committee wants to kill a bill, they"sit" on it by failing to report it out at all. There are ways of forcing a bill out of committee's even if a committee is determined to"sit" on it.

quorum The minimum number of members who must be present at an assembly in order for it to transact business is called a quorum. Before the legislators can vote on a bill, a quorum must be in attendance or the bill cannot be considered.

limited powers Only certain types of cases can be heard in Wurts' having limited powers. Such courts can hold trials only on less important, local cases. liiirural The parts of the state where there are farms and a great deal of open country are the rural areas. In the summer many people leave the city or urban sections to vacation in the rural or country areas.

appealed When a case is appealed, a request is made to rehear it in a higher court. The Court of Appeals is the highest court to which a case can be appealed.

Id independent candidates People *who want to run for office, and do not represent e political party are independent'candidates. An independent candidate can get on the ballot by obtaining 120000 signatures. rid controversial A bill around which there isdisagreement is said to be controversial; Controveftial bills are debated onthe floor of'the chamber, and'there are usually a lot of argumetits.onboth sides.

557 UNIT III, p. 90 382-391F FLIERL CHAPTER 24THE STATE GOVERNMENT OF NEW YORK

VOCABULARY TEST

Write the letters of the meanings of the words inColumn II in the space in front of the word in Column I.

PART Column I Column II

1. independent candidates a. government employees

2. rural b. right to hold a job

3. civil servants c. farm area

4. tenure d. not representing a party

5. appeal e. request for rehearing

PART II Column I Column II

1. quorum a. rules for conducting a meeting

2 limited powers b, not agreed upon

3. bill restricted authority

4. controversial proposed laws

5. parliamentary order required number of members 111.1=1=111.8...1001*.

Write the correct 'words or phrases fromthe follawing group in the spacesbelow: companion bills electoral college majority fiscal reprieve "sit on a bill" ftreport out" "adverse" report favorable 'with amendments presides

1. As a resuat of the appearanceof a naw witness the convict vasgranted a

bills mere presented to both theAssembly and Senate.

3. It is the responsibility ofthe various legislative committeesto the bills submitted to them.

5S7 UNIT III, p. 91 379-395E VOCABULARY TEST (continued)

performs the formal duty of electing the president Eli and vice president.

5. A committee will in an attempt to kill it.

6. Bills which are regarded as unfavorable are given as

7. The Speaker is in charge of or over the Assembly

8. In order for a bill to be passed, it must be voted favorably by a of members of the legislature.

9. When a committee approves a bill, but 'would like to see some changesmade, it reports it out as 4...11Mi111 10. The dRte on which government accounts are paid is called the endof the year.

SS7 UNIT III, p. 92 L' 379-395F FUNRL CHAPTER 24, THE STATE GOVERMENT OF NEWYORK

DIRECTED READING

READ TO FIND THE ANSWERS TO THESE QUESTIONS:

p. 381, The Powers of NeuYork's State Government 1. In what ways are the powers of Neu York State restrictedby the Federal Constitution? p. 381, What Powers Does OurState Government Have? 2. What five things is Neu York empowered to do? p. 381, What Hew York's ConstitutionDoes 3. What rights are guaranteddby the state constitution inits first article? 4. What do the remaining nineteen articles provide for? p. 381, Changing the Constitution 5. When was the first revision made in the constitution? 6. What are the two ways in 'which the constitution can be changed? p. 382, The Executive Branch 7. What are four duties performed by the executive? 8. Who are the officials at the head of the executive brandh? p. 383, The Governor 9. What is the most important duty of the governor? 10. What other important duty does he have? p. 383, The Budget 11. Haw is the budget drawn up? 12. What are the different sources of revenue? p. 384, The Governor Enforces theLau 13. What different services can the governor call uponto help him enforce the law? 1. What special power does the governor have inconnection with convicted criminals? p. 385, Administrative Departments 15. What is the function of the adminsitrativedepartments? 16. Which are most important? p. 385, Public Authorities 17. What is the purpose of a public authority? 18. What are two outstanding authorities? 19. How do they operate? Employees in State Government 20. Hou does one secure a civil service job? 21 What are the advantages of sueh a job? p. 387, The State Legislature 22. Why does New York have a two-house legislature? p. 387, The Assembly 23. How many members are there in the Assembly? 24. What is the term of office? 25. 'What are the duties of the speaker? themajority leader? the minority leader? p. 388, The Senate 26. Hau many members are there in the Senate? 27. What is the term of office? 28. What are the duties of the presiding officer? the temporary president? p. 388, The Legislature inAction 29. Haw long does a session of the legislaturegenerally last? 30. How does the legislature pass laws? p. 388, The Work. ofCommittees 31. What is the function of thesecommittees?

SST UNIT III, p. 93 379-395F F-71 M

) Words Used in Context (continued)

p. 388, ".Reporting Out" a Bill 32. What are the different ways a comm:Ittee can "report out" a bill? 33. Haw can a committee "kill" a bill? 34. What is the difference in theway controversial, and non-controversial bills are treated? 35. What is the purpose of a "committee of conference"? 36. Mhat happens when thegovernor vetoes a bill? p. 389, Kinds of Courts in New York 1[ 37. What are the four main kinds of problems dealt vith in our courts? 38. What kinds ofcases are tried in each of the two types of courts? p. 390, Courts in Rural Areas 39. What kinds of cases are heard by police justices in rural areas? 40. Who hears cases in towns? p. 390, County and City Courts in New York 41. What kinds of cases are tried in county courts? 42. What hinds of courts are maintained by large cities? p. 3900 The Supreme Court and the Court of Appeals 43. Can a defendent continue to fightonce he has lost his case in a lower court? 44. How is the Supreme Court organized? 45. What is the purpose of the Appellate Division? 46. How is it organized? 47. What is the role of the Court of Appeals? p. 391, Apportionment 48. What is apportionment? 49. What is reapportionment? Why is it necessary? p. 391, Election Districts 50. What is a precinct? 51. What is an election district? p. 392, Voting in New York 52. What are the requirements for voting? 53. What are the duties of the Board of Inspectors? p. 393, Registration 54. Hou is the election list used? 55. What are the two methods of registration? p. 393, Haw Citizens Cast Their Ballots 56. How does the voter identify himself? 57. Hoy do voting machines operate? 58. Haw are totals recorded? 59. What is absentee voting? p. 393, The Roles of Political Parties in New York Elections 60. How does one join a political party? p. 394, Major Political Parties in Nev York 61. What are the major parties? 62. How can a party become legally constituted? 63. In what other way may a party win a place on the ballot? p. 3940 Primary Elections 64. Why do ye have primary elections? 65. Who may vote in them? p. 394, Election Campaigns 66. What are some of the methods used to elect a candidate? 67. Where does the money come from? ;7\ 68. How does the law limit how much money can be spent in campaigns? p. 394, Government and the People of New York 69. How do ye know that New York is a democracyl 70. What service does the press perform in a democracy? REVIEW THE CHAPTER BY ANSWERING WESTIONS ON PAGES386, 389, 395

SS7 UNIT III, p. 94 379-395F FLIERL, CHAPTER 24, THE STATE GOVERNMENT OF NEW YORK

ORGANIZATION THROUGH CATEGORIZING

The three columns below are headed vith the names of the three divisions of government. Classify the terms below by writing them in the blanks of the column under which they belong.

a. Lieutenant Governor 1. comptroller b. Speaker m. Assembly C. Department of Labor n. State Supreme Court d. Senate o. Attorney General e. Law Department p. justice of the peace f police justice q. State Police G. Court of Appeals r. Majority Leader h. Department of Social Welfare s. surrogate court Court of Domestic Relations t. Minority Leader J. Department of Commerce u. Temporary President k. New York State Thruway Authority

Executive Legislative Judicie].

11111.0.1111111M

SS7 UNIT III, p. 95 382-39IF Li

Li FLIERL CHAPTER 24, THE STATEGOVERNMENT OF NEW YORK

REVIEW QUESTIONS

1. To what branch of governmentdoes the governor belong?

2. The supreme law of the landis the

3. Which article of the stateconstitution guarantees basic rights?

L. What is the function of the judicial branch of government?

5. From 'where does the state get moneyto perform its duties?

6. The branch of the government uhich takes careof the prdblems of the state as a yhole is

7. Who is the presiding officer of theSenate?

8. The act of splitting up voting districts iscalled

9. In 'which courts are cases triedwhich deal with family conflicts

10. The act of rejecting a bill bythe governor is called

114 The governor of Neu York cando all of the following thingsEXCEPT: a) present *a budget to the state legislatureb) oversee the work of the various state depa:tments c) veto bills passed by the state legislature d) appoint the mayor of New York City 11

12. What is the highest court inNew York State?a) the Supreme Courtb) the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court c) the Court of Appeals d) the County Court 12

13. The most poverful official in theState Senate is a) the Lieutenant Governor b) the Speaker c) the Temporary Presidentd) the Minority Leader 13

14. What has been the attitude of New Yorkers towardemending their constitution? a) They frequently have amended their constitutionb) They have added very fey amendments to the constitutionc) They have added no amendments to the constitutiond) They have adopted new constitutions rather thanamend the old ones 14

15. What is the purpose of a primaryelection?a) to select a party's candidate for office b) to elect candidatesto public officec) to find out haw many eligible voters there are d) to give people a chance to join a political party 15

557 UNIT III, p. 96 382-391F ELLIS, CHAPTER 27 THE STATE GOVERNMENT WORKS FOREVERYONE

WORDS TO LEARN

Vocabulary People PlacesEventset cetera p. 374 legislattve, executive, judicial, State Assembly, StateSenate legislature of p. 375represented, population, con- United States Senate, House stitution Representatives, Bill ofRights Investigation, New p. 376income tax, co-operate, frame- Federal Bureau of work, basic, amendments, con- York State Police, NewYork Constitution ventions, property qualifications, *discrimination, official, services, national Theodore p. 377article, rights, guarantee, Speaker, Assembly chamber, amend, proposed, revise, *bill, Roosevelt, Al Smith, FranklinD. legislators, dominate Roosevelt Leader, p. 378 majority,minority, introduce, Majority Leader, Minority recommendations, procedure, temporary President, RulesCommittee, deadline, *die in committee, Civil Service opposed, calender E. Dewey p. 379unanimously, debating, *pocket Charles Evans Hughes, Thomas veto, affect

p. 380distinguished, policy maker, Sheriff Thomas Farley political party

Executive Department Divisionof the p.381oversees, appoints Budget, S.:Ate Police, CivilService, Housing, Division of Parole,Department of Education, Departmentof Law, Department of Audit and Control, Attorney General, Comptroller,Bcard and Department of SocialWelfare, Department of Public Service

Departments p.383*limited access roads, waterways, State Athletic Commission, corporations of: Taxation and Finance, State, PUblic Worksthe Thruway

Departments of: Labor2 MentalHygiene, pip384toll road, interchanges, slaughterhouses, *migrant Agriculture and Markets ldborer

Departments of: Pdblic Service, p.385 *workmen's compensation, *unemployment insurance, *public Banking, Insurance, PdblicService utility, *minimum wages, insur- Commission ance policies

374-390E A&H 557 UNITIII,p. 97 WORDS TO LEARN (continued)

'Vocabulary Peeple,%.Places Events, et cetera

Commerce, p.386 *spoils system, *merit system, Departments of: Civil Service, political "pull", headway, Motor Vehicles functions

p. 387 boundary, *civil case,*criminal Supreme Court Appellate,Division of case, *inferior courts the Supreme Court, Court ofAppeals, Supreme Court of the UnitedStates

p. 388term, appeals, violates, annul- Family Court, Division ofthe Budget ment, income, expenditures, *budget, *income tax

Words Used in Context

discrimination In the qualifications for voters in NewYork State there is no discrimination because of race, color or creed.Also New York does not discriminate against a citizen because of hisfinancial standing, as rich and poor alike may vote. I. bill Thousands of bills are considered by theLegislature each ysar but only some of them becone laws. Before a bill can become a lawit must have the approval of the Legislature, and in most cases,the signature of the Governor.

revise Tither house of the Legislature may revise abill by changing certain provisions in it. The revised bill must then beapproved by the other hause.

die in committee The bill died in committee because thecommittee felt the bill was not important. The screening job done bycommittees of the Legislature sifts aut the bills that would notmake good laws and lets them die in committee rather than waste thetine of the legislators in the two houses who would otherwise have toact on them.

public utility Because Bublic utilities use thestates' streets and highways to supply a public need they 'are limitedin number and regulated to assure satisfactory service and fair cost. Telephones, gas, electricity,busses, and railroads are among the services considered apublic utilities.

minimum wages The state sets a minimum wage for workersand al] employers must pay at least that wage. Employers may pay more than theminimum wage, and often do, in order to attract abetter group of workers.

civil cases Where a disagreement involving money orproperty is brought to c6urt for judgment it is called a civil case. In civil cases, involving citizens against citizens, the privaterights of individuals are being protected, whereas in a criminal casethe state is:protecting the rights of citizens from criminals.

A&H SS7 UNIT III, p. 98 374-390E Words Used-in Context- (continued) inferior courts Inferior courts in N.Y. State are the courts operated by local-governiga777EFOrEgnsidered lower in rank than the Supreme Court of N.Y. State and are therefore called inferior courts. budget The governor estimates the costs of running the stategovernment and the income for a period of time and sets up a budget based onthis estimate. When the budget is approved by the legislature the fundsprovided by it are availdble for state officials to spend.

income tax A tax on the money an individual receives for his work orinvest- ments is called an income tax. The more money people make, the higher the income tax they must pay.

557 UNIT III, p. 99 374.390E ELLIS CHAPTER 27THE STATE GOVERNMENT WORKS FOR EVERYONE

VOCABULARY TEST

Write the letter of the meanings of the words in Column II inthe space in front of the word in Column I

II 10 revise Ao payment to worker who does not have a job

2. discrimination B0 anybody of water on which boats orships can travel 3. budget C. part that enforces the law 4. income tax D. payment to a *worker who has beeninjured 5. unemployment invarance on the job

6. majority E. a proposed law

T. article F. change

8. amendment G. courts

9. legislative branch H. compulsory payment of aportion of earnings to government 10, exeautive branch I. rejection of a bill Iwithautaction during 11. judicial branch specified time

12. waterways J. one of the sections of awritten document

13. bill K. more than half

14. workmenls compensation L. estimate of income and expensesfor a period of time 15. pocket veto M. c showing of favoritism intreatment

N. a correction or change madein a bill, law, or constitution

O. law making division

P. executioner

[--

A&H 557 UNIT III, p. 100 374-390E ELLISCHAPTER 27THE STATE GOVERNMENT WORKS FOR EVERYONE

DIRECTED READING

READ TO FIND THE ANSWERS TO THESE QUESTIONS: ------.7357573:376,WisRela-".ted to Other Governments 1. How is eadh state repre-s7EM713707-6FETEEFT7ENEEEEV--- 2. What are two areas of power that New York State does not have? 3. What are three ways in which the state and national governments co-operate? 4. Why must New York co-operate with her neighboring states? pp. 376-377, New York's Constitution ProtectsUs 5. What is the basic law for our state government? 6. What are four important changes that have taken place in our state eonstitution7 7. What are eight rights given in the New York "Bill ofRights"? 8. What is one method of amending the state constitution? 9. What is the second way of doing this? pp. 377-379, The Legislature Makes Laws 10. How many assethlymen are there? How many senators? 11. What is a bill? 12. What is the term of office and salary of assemblymen?senators? 13. Who is the most important member of the Assembly? l4. How is the Speaker chosen? 15. What are his duties? 16. What does the Majority Leader do? 17. What does the Minority Leader do? 18. Who is the presiding officer of the Senate? 19. What is the function of the Temporary President? 20. Where do our laws come from? 21. Haw does a bill become a law? (7 steps) 22. What are the four choices a governor has when he recetves abill from the Legislature? pp. 379-381, Our Governor Works for Us 23. What are three reasons why the N.Y. State governor is animportant figure nationally? 24. What awe the qualifications for office and the salary of a governor ofNew Yorkl 25. What are some of the duties of the governor? (give seven) 26. How many departments are there in the state government? p. 3820 Cur State DepartmentsWork for Us Department of Law 27. Who is the head of the Department of Law? 28. What is the job of that department? p. 3820 Department of Audit and Control 29. What is the comptroller's job? p. 3830 Department of Taxation andFinance 30. What are some taxes used to collect money for the state? p. 3830 Department of State 31. Mat are five functions of this department? p. 3830 Department of Public Works 32 bhat is the jOb of this department? 33.Approximately whatpercent of all the highways in New York State arecontrolled by the Department of PUhlic Works? 34. What is a limited access road? 35. Why do we call the Thruway a toll road? 36. How has the federal government helped the growth of superhighways? p. 384, Department of Agricultureand Markets 37. What are five things this department does tohelp the people of our state?

A&H SST UNIT III, pa01 374-390E DIIIECTED READING (continued)

p. 384, Department of Agriculture and Markets 38. What is a migrant laborer? -17-31/47Departinentof Labor 39. What is the basic purpose of this department? 40.How does it help in the following areas? a. prevention of fires, diseases, accidents b. wages C. injuries to vorkers d. loss of job e. working women and children p. 385, Department of Public Service 41. How is this department heckled up? 42. What does it regulate? 43. How can this department be of service to you? p. 385, Banking Department 44. What is the function of this department? p. 385, Insurance Department 45. Why are insurance companies regulated? How are insurance companies regulated? p. 386, Department of Civil Service 46. What is the meaning of the s4ing, "To the victor belong the spoils"? 47. Hou does the state deal with the problem of picking the people vho will work for it? 48. What does the Civil Service Commission do? p. 386, Department of Commerce 49. What is the job of the Department of Commerce? 50, Hou does it help our restnurantsj hotels and stores? p. 386, Department of Motor Vehicles 51. What is the function of the Department of Motor Vehicles? pp. 387-388, The Courts Protect Us 52. What is a civil case? 53. What is a criminal case? 54. What are four kinds of inferior courts? 55. What is the hieBst court in the state? 56. What are the two levels of courts below it? p. 388, The Supreme Court 57. Is this the hidhest court in the state? 58. How is it organized? p. 388, Appellate Division of the Supreme Court 59. How do Appellate judges get their position? 60. What type of cases are heard in this division? p. 389, Court of Appeals 61. How is this court set up? 62. What kind of cases does it consider? p. 389, Family Court 63. What kind ofcases does this court hear? pp. 388-389, We Pay for the Services of Our State Government 64. Hat; is the budget made up? 65. By what two taxes is most of the taxmoney raised? 66. What other taxes bring inmoney for the state?

REVIEW THE CHAPTER BY ANSWERING THE QUESTIONS ON PAGE390

A&H SS 7 [ UNIT III, p. 102 374-390E EnasCHAPTER 270 THE STATE GOVERNMENT WORKS FOR EVERYONE

ORGANIZATION THROUGH CATEGORIZING

The three columns belay are headed by the names of the threedivisions of government. Classify the following terms by writing them in the columnin vhich they belong. a. Dtvision of the Budget n. unemployment insurance b. Governor o. Police Justices c. State Police p. Senator d. County Courts q. Department of Labor e. Temporary President r. Majority Leader f. Education Department s. Division of Housing g. Supreme Court t. Assemblyman h. Health Department u. Court of Appeals i. Justice of the Peace v. Correction Department j. Conservation Department v. Speaker k. Civil Service Commission x. Lieutenant Governor 1. Family Court y. Minority Leader m. Automobile license z. income taxes

EXECUTIVE LEGISLATIVE JuDICIAL

...... s..romprolom0.0.4...0.11010mnow011010.1

A&H SS7 UNIT III, p. 103 374-390E ELLISCHAPTER 27 THE STATE GOVERNMENT WORKS FOR EVERYONE i QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW 1. The number of senators in the N.Y. State Senate is 1

2. The number of assemblymen in the N.Y. State Assembly is 2

3. The presiding officer of the State Senate is the 3 4. _The presiding officer of the Assembly is the ..=1

5. The leader of the majority party and the most poverful official in the State Senate is called the 5

Where do most bills introduced in the state legislature come from? a) Senators and assemblymen think them up b) Labor unions draw them up c) Government officials propose them d) Local governments ask legislators to introduce them 6

7. The governor of Neu York can do ALL of the folloving things EXCEPT: a) present a budget to the state legislatureb) oversee the work of the various state departments c) veto bills passed by the state legislature d) appoint the mayor of New York City 7

8. The N.Y. State government does ALL of the folloving things EXCEPT: a) builds and maintains roads b) inspects food establishments for sanitation c) make trade treaties with foreign nations d) inspect state banks and insurance companies 8

9. Since the Revolutionary War, ALL of the following changes have taken place in the NoY. Statc. Government EXCEPT: a) the pover of the governor has decreasedb) democracy has spreadc) local governments have more indepen- denced) the services of the state government have increased 9

10. ALL of the follawing are termed inferior courts in N.Y. State EXCEPT: a) County Courtb) Police Justice Courtc) Supreme Court d) City 10 Court 1111.0.10,..MIIMI

11. Which is the highest court in New York State?a) the Supreme Courtb) the Appellate Divison of the Supreme Courtc) the County Court d) the Court 11 of Appeals 41Wila

IL 12. Which state deparment gives opinions concerning the meaning of laws or amend ments to the Constitution? a) Department of Layb) Department of State c) Department of Public Serviced) Executive Department 12

13. Which of the following taxes provides the most money for our state government? a) gasoline tax b) income tax c) auto and truck license fees d) cig- arette tax 13

14. The system by which most of the state employees are selecd is called a) spoils systemb) civil service systemc) unit systemd) political pull 14

SS7 UNIT IIII p. 104 374-390E QUESTIONS FOR REVIEU ( continued)

15. The New York State Government has departments of government to serve the people of Neu York.a) 13b) 15 c) 20d) 2

Match the function in Column II with the Department in Column I. There iiill be one extra function.

16 Department of PUblic Works a. Inspects factories

17 Department of Labor b. Tries to attract business to NewYork

18 Department of Agriculture c. Runs the State Fair and Markets d. Supervises electric light companies 19 Department of Public Service e. Regulates state banks 20 Department of Commerce f. Maintains state roads

L. j

SS7 UNIT III) p. 105 374-390E ELLISCHAPTER 28POLITICAL PARTIES SERVE NEW YORKERS

WORDS TO LEARN

Vocabulary People, Places, Events, etcetera

p. 392 political party,candidates, Republican, Democrat, Socialist,Liberal platform, administration, com- Parties munity, ticket, *two-party system

p. 393*register, personal registration, Election Day rural, *enrollment, *primaries

p. 394ballot, officials, *petition, associated, *caucuses, *independent Al p. 395politician, unit, election dis- Boss Tweed, Theodore Roosevelt, trict, county chairman, county Smith, Franklin Roosevelt,Thomas committee Dewey, Jim Dodds

p.396campaign, assembly district, Governor, lieutenant governor, city committee, state committee, comptroller, attorney general *conventions, delegates

p. 397 unions,corporations, campaign Martin Van Buren, GroverCleveland, contributions and expenses, res- Theodore Roosevelt, FranklinRoosevelt Li ident

p. 399 absenteeballot; voting machines, State Board of Canvassers [i county election boards, statewide, eligible

Words Used in Context

two two-party system Because the Democratic andRepublic n Parties are the largest political parties in theUnited States; and theircandidates win Other nearly all the elections, lie aresaid to have two-party system. political parties have been listed onthe ballot, but the presenttwo- party sYstem has been in existencesince the Civil War.

A political party is composedof groups of people withthe political party mho same interests whowork together to try toelect to office candidates the Democratic Party are favor these interests. The Republican Party and the two major political partiesin the United States. aims and ideas of a politicalparty, platform The statement of the politica by which it hopes to persuadepeople to vote for itscandidates is called its platform. The formation or formulationof the party's platform is one of the most importanttasks of a convention. 1 party is to enrollment All that a person has todo to enroll in a politic registers for voting sign a blank indicating hischoice of party *when he gets purposes. By this enrollment, OT joiningof a political party; he the right to help choosecandidates for office; and termshimself an enrolled Democrat or Republican, asthe case may be.

106 391-400E Li A&H 557 UNIT III, p. Words Used in Context (continued)

primary An election held to choose candidates to runfor office is called a primary. The winners of a primary election are the politicalparties' candidates for office in the next election. kJ petition A petition may be signed by the peopleasking that certain conditions be remedied. The petition is then presented to the authorities as an indication of the feelingsof the citizens.

caucus The party held a caucus to decide upon thepolicies of the political party and its candidates for office. Only enrolled members are permitted to vote at party caucuses.

independent An independent candidate for office is one whohas no party to support his candidacy. Being independent means he owes no allegiance to any political party.

convention The Republican Party convention was held in SanFrancisco in 1964. Delegates from all states in the United States metat the convention to nominate candidates for President and Vice-president.

campaign Like a military campaign in which army movements areplanned with a particular dbjective in mind thepolitical campaign is a series of organized, planned actions with the election of a candidate asits goal.

SS7 UNIT III: p. 107 391-400E ELLIS CHAPTER 28POLITICAL PARTIES SERVE NEW YORKERS

WCABUIARY TEST

The blanks in each sentence are to be filledwith words taken from the list below.Read each sentence, find the words thatfit in the blanks and write them in the correct blanks.Reread the completed sentence to be sureit makes sense. a. campaign b, election c. platform d. independent e. register f. caucus g. primaries h. associated i. eligfble j. convention k. delegates 1. political parties m. enrollment n. administration o. petition p. resident

A meeting of a small group of membersof a political party to decide on policies and candidates is called a1) A candidate who has no party backinghim is called an 2) candidate. The 3) of registered voters in theparty of their choice creates a list of party members for usein the primaries. The Department of Civil Servicegives examinations to determinewhich applicants are 4) for government positions. Candidates for state offices-are chosen inthe 5) held before the regular elections. To get his name printed on a primaryballot, a candidate must obtainthe signatures of a certain number of party members on a6) whidh recommends him for the office. The Democratic Party selects its nationalplatform and candidates at a 7) held every four years. George Washington felt that8) organized groups of people with the same interests,valnDide our people. - Many party members felt there should be aCivil Rights "plane in the party 9) 1Cir are chosen to represent an area at a state or national meeting. All candidates must publidh a list of11)____ expenses incurred in running for offite. A person vho lives in a particular areapermantly is cailed a 12)

Before you can vote you must your name and address at the voting place. The 14) is a term used for the executiveofficials of a government or those litho carry on thebusiness of governing. The name of Boss Tweed is15) with the idea of a corrupt politician.

SST UNIT III, p. 108 391-400E ELLIS, CHAPTER 28, POLITICAL PARTIES SERVE NEW YORKERS

DIRECTED READING

READ TO FIND THE ANSWMRS TO THESE QUESTIONS:

pp. 392-395, New York Has Political Parties 1. What groups make up political parties? 2. Which parties make up our present two-party system? 3. Which three parties are on the ballot in the voting machines in N.Y.? 4. Haw can a political party get its name and candidates printed in the voting machines? 5. What are the four things a political party does? 6. Haw do you join one of the major parties? 7. What does "registering in order to-vote" mean? 8. What is the advantage of enrolling in a political party? 9. Haw does a candidate get his name on a primary ballot? 10. What is a caucus? 11. Why do political parties need the active support of their members? 12. What are "independents"? pp. 395-396, Political Parties areOrganized 13. What is the most important organized part of a political party? 14. How is the county committee organized? 15. Haw is the state committee organized? 16. Which candidates are not chosen in imaries?How are they selected? pp. 396-397, Political Parties Campaign forTheir Candidates 17. Inv' is a New York governor a potential presidential candidate? 18. Which Presidents were formerly governors of New York? 19. Where do political parties get the moner used for campaigns? 20. Haw is the problem of bribery avoided? pp. 397-399, New Yorkers Vote for Their Officials 21. What are the requirements for voting in New York State? 22. What is an absentee ballot? 23. What does the county election board consist of?

REVIEW THE CHAPTER BY ANSWERINGTHE QUESTIONS ON PAGE400.

557 UNIT III, p.109 391-400E I

ELLISCHAPTER 28POLITICAL PARTIES SERVE NEW YORKERS

SKIMMING FOR INFORMATION

Your purpose in reading should determine how much time you shouldspend in reading a selection. When you read to find a particular date, name,nurt:x or fact relevant to it, it is best to skim the reading matter. To skim, means to look over the material withoutreally reading until your eye catches the name or nunber or the subject matter you arelooking for. Then read to find the answer to the question you have. Skim Chapter 28 to find the answers to the followingquestions.

1. Ilho is Jim Dodds? MIONO.V0111.

2. Haw many days must a citizen reside in an electiondistrict before he is eligible to vote?

3. By how many votes did Averill Harriman defeat hisopponent for governor?

.1.1MMI...01111.01111111

4. What is the ballot syMbol of the Liberal Party?

5. As a joke, on what sort of ticket didAl Smith say he'd run?

392-400E MGR 851 UNIT III, p. 110 ELLISCHAPTER 28, POLITICAL PARTIES SERVE NEW YORKERS

QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW

1. What do Americans mean when they talkabout our "two-party system"?a) Only tuo political parties exist in the U.S.b) The candidates of two political parties min most of our elections c) Politics in the U.S. isa gamed) All political partieP, except the Republicanand Democratic, are illegal in the U.S.

2. Political parties do ALL or thefollowing things EXCEPT: a) They give people a choice of the may in mhich the government mill berun b) They keep an eye on our government officialsc) They giveus a may of selecting candidates for public officed) They make governmentofficials dishonest 2

3. Which is the most sensiblereason for joining a particular political party? a) Most people inyour neighborhood belong to a certain party; so you join it b) Members ofyour family belong to the same partyc) You study the party platform and select the party mhich has theprinciples you supportd) You join the party with the best-lookingcandidates 3

4. What is theprocess of joining a political party called?a) initiation b) enrolledc) registrationd) petition

5. What is the purpose ofa primary election?a) To select a party's candidates for officeb) To elect candidatc.sto public officec) To find out howmany eligible voters there are d) to give peoplea chance to join a political party 5. 6. What isan advantage of joining a political party?a) You can help choose the party's candidates for office b) Youcan attend social events held by the partyc) You know important politicalleaders d) You receive inside information on political questions 6

7. Which organization is most important in helpingto keep a political party strong? a) the state committee b)the county committee c) the village committee d) the national committee 7

8. How do political parties raisemoney for their campaigns? Fin a) Each party member pays duesb) They get contributionsfrom people who are willing to give them moneyc) The government hasa special fund for this purposed) Officeholders who belong to the party are chargeda certain percentage of their salaries 8

9. ALL of th e. following are requirements T voting in N.Y. State EXCEPT: a) A person must be 21 years of ago or olaerb) A person must bea citizen of the U.S. c) A person must bo properlyregisteredd) A person must bea resident of N.Y. State for at leat five years 9

10. ALL of the oig Presidents wereonce governors of N.Y. State EXCEPT: a) Martin Van alren b) Chester A. Arthur c) Grover Cleveland d)Franklin D. Roosevelt 10

ACO SS7 UXT1114 p. 111 391-400E QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW (continued)

Match the definition in Column II with the word in Column I. There is one extra definition.

11. Registration a. A party election in which candidates for "r/MOVS.N.WIMIRORMINIO office are chosen.

12.Is.~4.14mx.Enrollment b. A list of signatures of people who want a person to run for office.

13. Primary c. The process of getting your name in the books at the voting place.

14. Convention d. The process of joining a political party.

15. Caucus e. A method of nominating candidates which is still used in small communities.

f. The body which nominates the candidates for governor of the state.

A&H 557 UNIT III, p. 112 391-400E ELLIS CHAPTER 29 NEW YORK CONSERVES HUMAN AND NATURAL RESOURCES

WORDS TO LEARN

Vocabulary People, Places? Events, et cetera p. 403elementary, secondary Board of Regents, Commissioner of Education, State Department of Education, State University of New York, Associate Commissioner for Higher Education, State Historian p. 404barracks, veterinary, aeronautics Cornell University, New York State Maritime Academy, United State Merchant Marine Academy, Alfred UniVersity, Harpur p. 405 scholarships, entrance require- State Board of Health ments, minimum salary, centralization, *epidemic p. 406*quarantine, tuberculosis, State Department of Health, "White *mentally deficient, mentally Plague" ill, *epileptics p. 407 minority groups, *dispensary, Community Chest, Scouts, Young Men's social security program, *anti- and Young Women's Christian Ass'n, discrimination law Catholic Youth Organization, Jewish Community Centers, Boys' Club, Masons, Moose, Elks, Knight of Columbus, New York State Department of Welfare p. 408*probation, *inmate Correction Department, Attica, Auburn, Sing Sing, Elmira Reformatory, Board of Parole p. 409forest preserve Adirondacks, Catskills, Bureau of Nurseries, Conservation Department p. 410observation towers, pollution Forest, Fish and Game Commission of streams, hatcheries p. 411*erosion, soil-conserving United States Department of Agriculture, techniques, *contour, exhausts United States Agricultural Conservation the soil gullies Service, Soil Conservation Committee p. 412 *aqueduct, sewage disposal plants Croton Reservoir, Conservation Department, Lake George, Lake Placid, Thatcher Park, Palisades Interstate Park Commixsionl Jones Beach

A&H SS7 UNIT III, p. 113 401-413E ELLIS_, CHAPTER 29, NEW YORK CONSERVES HUMAN AND NATURAL RESOURCES

Word9 Used in Context epidemic An epidemic disease is one which spreads quickly andwidely. It is necessary that the community take charge *when an epidemicstrikes. quarantine A quarantine is a way of stopping the spread of disease byforbid- ding those who have a contagious disease from travelling.Under a Aums: tine, the diseased are isolated to prevent the healthy from becoming MOPOPNIIIMIIMMOM infected. mentally deficient A mentally deficient person has a subnormalintelligence. The state supports six schools for the mentally deficient. dispensary Poor people are able to obtain medical advice and medicinesat no cost or very low cost atdispensaries. The State Department of Social Welfare inspects dispensaries regularly. probation Instead of sending a criminal to jail, he is sometimesplaced on patatkpat While on probation, he must report to aprobation officer and stay out of trouble, inmate A person who lives with others in an institution is aninmate. Inmates of reformatories are given special trainingto help them become good citizens after they leave. erosion The washing away of topsoil is called erosion. The Soil Conservation Committee has set up a program to prevent erosionand conserve soil. contour In a contour map, points of the same elevation areconnected. The farmer is taught to plow along these contourlines, rather than in straight up and down furrows. This prevents erosion. epileptics Epileptics suffer from a disease of the nervoussystem. The epileptic will sometimes be sealed by convulsions during anattack. Very often, he loses consciousness when this happens.

A pipe which carries water over a longdistance is called an 22Rt2.4.91 aqueduct.An aqueduct carries water from the CratonReservoir to New York City

857 UNIT III, p. 114 401-413E ELLIS CHAPTER 29 NEW YORK CONSERVES HUMAN AND NATURAL RESOURCES

VOCABULARY TEST

1. epidemic a. epilepsy c. board of health b. widespread disease d. disaster

2. mentally deficient a. low-normal intelligence c. sub-normal intelligence b. mentally ill d. weak-minded 2

3. quarantine a. innoculation e. enforced isolation b. disease germs d. contagious disease 3

4. dispensary a. rest home for the poor c, a place to dispense services b. a place to obtain medical d. an old-age home advice for the poor

5. probation a. a trial period c. proof of innocence b. a kind of jail d. probable solution

6. inmate a. one 'who is closely guarded c. resident of an institution b. schoolmate d. a jailer

7. erosion a. contour plowing c. flood control b. veering away of top soil d. soil conservation

8. contour a. the line of the land c. the straight line b. the line of the plaw d. the line up the hill

9. epileptics a. contagious disease c. nervous disease b. bad headaches U. epidemic

10. aqueduct a. a racaway C. a structure to carry 'water b. Big "A" U. a reservoir 10

SS7 UNIT III, p. 115 401-413E ELLIS, CHAPTER 29, NEW YORK CONSERVES HUMAN AND NATURAL RESOURCES

DIRECTED READING

READ TO FIND THE ANSWERS TO THESE QUESTIONS.

p. 402, New York Takes Pride in Its System of Education 1. What is the history of the Board of Regents? 2. What are its duties? 3. What are the duties of the State Department of Education? 4. Trace the history of the State University. 5. Which schools are included in the State University? 6. What is the function of the local school board? 7. What are the advantages of centralization? 8. Where do we find boards of education? What do they do? p. 405, New York Safeguards the Health of Its Citizens 9. How were the sick cared for in the early days? 10. What was the job of the early State Board of Health? 11. What methods were used to combat tuberculosis? 12. What institutions care for the mentally ill? 13. What is the duty of the Department of Mental Health? 14. How can mental troubles be prevented? p; 407, New York Helps People in Trouble 15. What three different groups of people are helped by the state? 16. What private organizations also give help? 17. What work is done by the New York State Department of Welfare? 18. What federal program helps in caring for older people? 19. How are we fighting discrimination? 20. In what two ways does New York deal with criminals? 21. In what ways does New York try to prevent crime? 22. In what ways does New York try to reform criminals? 23. What is the job of the Board of Parole? 24. What methods do they use? p. 408, New York Preserves Its Forest and Wildlife 25. Why was the citizens group concerned about the destruction of forests? 26. In what ways were forest preserves threatened? 27. What are the terms of the forest preserve amendment? 28. What service is provided by the Bureau of Nurseries? 29. How does the forest fire program operate? 30. What is the function of the Forest, Fish and Game Commission? 31. What is a hatchery? 32. What is the State Gane Farm? p. 411, New York Cooperates with the National Government to Save Its Soil 33. What proof do we have that our soil is eroding? 34. How does the state Soil Conservation Committee function? 35. What methods can a farmer use to conserve soil? p. 411, New York Guards Its Water Resources 36. What two problems did New fork have? 37. How did we obtain more water? 38. How has the sewage problem been attacked? 39. What three ways do we have of preventing floods? p. 412, NOT York Provides Outdoor Fun 4o. What are five important parkareas maintained by the Conservation Department?

REVIEW THE CHAPTER BY ANSWERING QUESTIONS ON PAGE 413.

A&H 557 UNIT III, p. 116 401-413E ELLISCHAPTER 29 NEW YORK CONSERVES HUMAN AND NATURAL RESOURCES

ORGANIZATION THROUGH OUTLINING - REREADING

Complete the outline below by inserting the missing items:

New York Takes Pride in Its System of Education

I. Board of Regents Supervises Education A. Early. History 1. established after the Revolutionary War 2. supervised colleges and private academies B. Development of the School System 1. divided schools into districts 2. freed elementary schools 3. built more high schools 4. appointed Commissioner of Schools C. Board of Regents is Powerful 1. controls 2,000,000 students and 90,000 teachers 2. 3. controls all institutions of higher learning D. Organization of Board of Regents 1. thirteen members, called regents 2. E. Duties of Board of Regents 1. 2. II. State Department of Education Is Formed A. Duties of the State Department or Education 1. supervise elementary and secondary education 2. 3. grant permission to open.new schools 4. 5. supervise Associate Commissioner for Higher Education B. Responsibilities of Associate Commissioner for Higher Education 1. 2. 3. C. Supervises State University of New York 1. kinds of schools a. b. C. 2. Names of some of the schools a. b. C. D. Educational Help Given to Veterans 1. 2. E. Additional Kinds of Schools for Special Education 1. 2.

A&H SST UNIT III, p. 117 402-405E

Li ORGANIZATION THROUGH OUTLINING - REREADING (continued)

F. New York City Offers Free Colleges 1. 2. G, Local School Board in Each District 1. local board runs schools 2. state give much money 3. 4.

r* L.

A&H SST UNIT III, p. 118 402-405E ir

IERN2CHAPTER 290 NEW YORE:CONSERVES HUMAN AND NATURAL RESOURCES

REVIEW QUESTIONS

1. The Board of Regents has all of the following powers EXCEPT a) Its sets WO examinations for many professionsb) It grants permission for new schools ft to open.c) It sets up requirements fur public school teachersd) It appoints the members of the boards of educaticn of each school district 1

2. What is the State University of New York?a) the organization which controls all institutions of private and public education in the state b) a university which is made up of all the state schools of higher learningc) a large university in New York Cityd) a new university establidhed in upstate New York to take care of war veterans 2

3. Haw are pUblic schools financed in New York State?a) The national government supplies the money to run them b) The state government pays the expenses of public schoolsc) The state and local governments together pay for public schools d) Local governments alone pay for public schools 3

4. What is New York's most important health problem today?a) care of the mentally ill b) care and cure of tuberculosis c) illness resulting from driniv., ing impure waterd) the treatment of smallpox

5. 'Which of these state departments is concerned with the problem of children without parents?a) Department df-So6ial Welfareb) Conservation Department c) Department of Healthd) Correction Department

6. New York City gets fresh mater from all of these sources EXCEPT:a) Croton Reservoir b) distilled sea waterc) reservoirs in the Catskills, d) reservoirs in Delware County 6

7, Which of these departments is concerned with running aur state parks? a) Conservation Department b) Department of Healthc) Department of Social Welfare d) Department of Law 7

8. Neu York State helps preserve fish and game by doing all of these things EXCEPT: a) setting certain seasons for hunting and fishing b) operating fish hatcheries c) running game farms d) prohibiting big game hunting LI in the state 8

9. What does New York State do to save its soil?a) encourages straight line plowing b) enforces fidh and game laws c) gives aid to farmers who use conservation methods d) distributes seedlings to anyone who will plant them 9

10. All of the following are important services of the State Department of Health EXCEPT: a) It builds tuberculosis hospitals b) It educates the public on disease prevention methods c) It raises money to pay for health services d) It 'watches over the 'water supplies of New Yorkers 10

A&H 557 UNIT III, p. 119 401-413E REVIEW QUESTIONS (continued)

11. The body which watches over the Commissioner of Education and makes educational plans is called 11

12. The officer responsible for the State Library and the State Museum is 12 ..

13. The main purpose of the first state colleges was

14. The amount of money given to local school districts is determined by 14

15. The cadbining of one- room school houses into large schoolsis called 15

16. New York's most important health problem is the care of the 16 amaelowill~M111

17. The inspecting of hospitals, the caring for older people, the arranging for child adoptions are the responsibilities of the 17

18. Prisons, reformatories and hospitals for the insane are run by 18

19. The body which advises the Governor as to which criminals should be pardoned is known as 19

20. The Department set up to preserve our natural resources is the 20

210 Rangers are able to detect fires more readily since the construction of many 21

22. Mbney collected for fishing and hunting licenses is used to 22

23. In 18420 New York City brought in water by aqueduct from the

1.00.0..100

24. In order to combat water pollution, cities are destroying their garbage in 24

25. The Division of Parks is under the supervision of 25

A&H SST UNIT III, p. 120 401-413E