An Unlikely Parasite: the Mistletoe

An Unlikely Parasite: The Mistletoe

During the holidays, many people hang mistletoes over doorways. People share kisses under this evergreen plant. It is a popular Christmas tradition. But don't let the image of a romantic plant used during the happy times of the holidays fool you. In the forests where they're from, mistletoes can do some real damage. Let's take a look at how and why.

The mistletoe plant is evergreen. This means it has leaves that remain green throughout the year. It is also poisonous and has white berries and small, yellow flowers. The mistletoe lives on other plants, taking water and nutrients from these plants. For this reason, mistletoes are considered parasites.

Photograph of white mistletoe berries

The white berries of the mistletoes contain seeds. Some birds and mammals like to feed on these berries. When they do, the seeds may attach to the animal eating the berries. The animal may carry the seeds to another part of the tree or shrub. They may also carry the seeds to another plant altogether. The seeds start to grow roots that dig through the bark of the tree or shrub. The roots grow into the tissues of the plant they've taken over. That's how mistletoes take nutrients and water away from the host plants. Mistletoe can be hard to remove once it infects a plant. The best way to fight off a mistletoe infestation is to cut off the infected branch completely. If the mistletoe takes over more parts of the plant, it can start to weaken the plant and make it harder for it to grow.

As mistletoes grow in the trees, they become a thick mix of branches and stems. This big mass is sometimes called a "witch's broom." Some animals nest in these witches' brooms. These animals include chickadees, house wrens, and most Cooper's hawks.

Definition verb 1. to spread disease to.

Cover your mouth when you cough so you won't infect others.

Advanced Definition transitive verb 1. to contaminate with germs or disease.

The discarded medical waste infected the water supply.

2. to cause disease in by the transference of germs.

The filthy bandage infected the cut.

The younger child infected his brother and his sister with the flu.

3. to corrupt or contaminate morally, as though with a disease.

He infected his son with his hatred.

4. to affect as though by contagion.

The mob was infected with violence.

The teacher's unexpected laughter infected the students so that very soon the whole class was in an uproar of hilarity.

Spanish cognate infectar: The Spanish word infectar means infect.

These are some examples of how the word or forms of the word are used:

1. Doctors knew that HIV could infect adults--and children. 2. But Monty can infect others with his cold sores. 3. The two viruses mutate, creating a new virus able to infect other humans and spawning a pandemic. 4. That way you can make sure that no bacteria live to see another day - and infect another person. 5. The bacteria can infect the gums and also release acid that wears away the tooth enamel. 6. Patients can start taking the right drugs immediately, so they get better faster and infect fewer people.

ReadWorks.org · © 2020 ReadWorks®, Inc. All rights reserved. Definitions and sample sentences within definitions are provided by Wordsmyth. © 2015 Wordsmyth. All rights reserved. ReadWorks Vocabulary - nutrient nutrient nu·tri·ent

Advanced Definition adjective 1. providing or being food; having nourishing qualities.

noun 1. a nourishing substance in a food.

Spanish cognate nutriente: The Spanish word nutriente means nutrient.

These are some examples of how the word or forms of the word are used:

1. Fit kids eat a variety of foods to get different nutrients. Nutrients help the body grow and stay healthy. 2. The research team discovered that water from the melted icebergs had nutrients. Nutrients are the parts of food that help animals and plants grow. 3. Carnivores acquire their energy and nutrients through eating animal tissue, which they find through either hunting animals, or scavenging dead animals. An example of a carnivore is a lion. 4. For the next meal, the scientists let the beetles and spiders choose what they wanted to eat. All of them picked foods that contained the nutrients their previous meal had lacked. 5. Like producers, decomposers don't need to kill another living being to obtain food. However, they differ from producers because they still need to get their nutrients from other organisms or from waste matter expelled by other organisms. Usually they eat dead animals and plants. 6. Another important piece to the growth of many plants is soil. Using their roots, plants take in nutrients from the soil that help them grow. Giving a plant a spot in clean soil is important to make sure it doesn't absorb anything harmful from the dirt. 7. Though tropical waters typically provide very little nutrients, the coral reefs that exist in tropical waters are among the richest and most diverse ecosystems on Earth.

Advanced Definition noun 1. an animal or plant that lives on or in another organism and draws sustenance from it.

2. a person who receives benefits or hospitality from others but does not give anything in return.

Spanish cognate parasito: The Spanish word parasito means parasite.

These are some examples of how the word or forms of the word are used:

1. A parasite is an organism that lives and feeds off another organism. The most dangerous is Plasmodium falciparum, which causes almost all cases of severe malaria. 2. A parasite is an organism that lives in or on another animal. Each year, 6 million to 12 million Americans become infested with lice, and many of those affected are kids. 3. The clownfish plays a crucial role defending the sea anemone from fish and parasites that might otherwise harm it.

ReadWorks.org · © 2020 ReadWorks®, Inc. All rights reserved. Definitions and sample sentences within definitions are provided by Wordsmyth. © 2015 Wordsmyth. All rights reserved. An Unlikely Parasite: The Mistletoe - Comprehension Questions

Name: ______Date: ______1. The mistletoe plant is evergreen. What does this mean?

A. It has leaves that remain red throughout the year. B. It has leaves that fall off throughout the year. C. It has leaves that remain green throughout the year. D. It takes water and nutrients away from other plants.

2. Mistletoes live on other plants. The text describes the effects of mistletoes on these plants. What is one of these effects?

A. They cause the plants to grow stronger. B. They cause the plants to grow weaker. C. They cause the plants to take in more water and nutrients. D. They cause the plants to turn white.

3. Read the following sentences from the text.

What conclusion about some animals does this information best support?

A. Some animals can turn into parasites that infect plants. B. Some animals can cause other animal species to die off. C. Some animals grow weaker when they eat mistletoe berries. D. Some animals help mistletoes infect other plants.

4. What is one positive effect mistletoes have on the ecosystems where they grow?

A. They take water and nutrients away from plants. B. They have leaves that remain green throughout the year. C. They provide food to some animals. D. They have seeds which can grow roots into the barks of trees and shrubs.

5. What is the main idea of this text?

A. Mistletoes have leaves that stay green throughout the year, white berries, and small, yellow flowers. B. Mistletoes become a thick mix of branches and stems as they grow on other plants. C. During the holidays, many people hang mistletoes over doorways and kiss under these evergreen plants as a popular Christmas tradition. D. Mistletoes are evergreen plants that can cause other plants they live on to become weak by taking nutrients and water from them.

6. Read the following sentences from the text.

"As mistletoes grow in the trees, they become a thick mix of branches and stems. This big mass is sometimes called a 'witch's broom.'"

Based on the text, why might this mass of branches and stems be called a witch's broom?

A. because it looks like a witch's broom B. because it can help people fly like a witch's broom C. because it can be used to clean floors like a witch's broom D. because it is popular during Halloween like a witch's broom

7. Choose the answer that best completes this sentence.

The mistletoe lives on other plants, taking water and nutrients from these plants. _____, mistletoes are considered parasites.

A. Therefore B. In addition C. However D. Meanwhile

8. As mistletoes grow in the trees, they become a thick mix of branches and stems. What nests in this big mass?

9. How can parasites best be defined? Use information from the text to support your answer.

10. Explain how mistletoes can both hurt and help other living things using information from the text.

Name: ______Date: ______1. What is a meaning of the word nutrient?

A. something that is nourishing B. following the third position C. complete or partial darkness

2. What is another meaning of the word nutrient?

A. a member of a former political party B. a political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens C. a source of nourishment, such as food

Please use each answer choice only once. Choose the one word that best completes the sentence.

3. Water and _____ move through the stem.

A. nutritional B. nutrients C. nutrient D. malnutrition E. nutritive F. nutrition G. nutritious

4. _____ is the science that studies how bodies use food.

A. nutritional B. nutrients C. nutrient D. malnutrition E. nutritive F. nutrition G. nutritious

5. Nutrition labels also list how much of each _____ you need everyday.

A. nutritional B. nutrients C. nutrient D. malnutrition E. nutritive F. nutrition G. nutritious

6. Labels describe the _____ value of foods and drinks.

A. nutritional B. nutrients C. nutrient D. malnutrition E. nutritive F. nutrition G. nutritious

7. _____ foods can be fun and tasty.

A. nutritional B. nutrients C. nutrient D. malnutrition E. nutritive F. nutrition G. nutritious

8. It means that _____ among children will continue.

A. nutritional B. nutrients C. nutrient D. malnutrition E. nutritive F. nutrition G. nutritious

9. It has no other _____ value.

A. nutritional B. nutrients C. nutrient D. malnutrition E. nutritive F. nutrition G. nutritious

10. Please write your own sentence using the word nutrient.

11. What would you like to remember about the meaning of the word nutrient so that you can use it when you write or speak?

Crossing the Finish Line by ReadWorks

a marathon runner

Running a marathon is not easy. It takes hard work, practice, and patience. After all, to run a marathon, you have to run 26.2 miles by foot! Think about it this way: 26.2 miles is the same as running the length of a football field more than 460 times. It takes most people four or five hours to finish. In 2013, the world's fastest marathon runner finished the race in 2:03:23. Imagine running for over two hours without a break!

By the age of 30, Lea Tambellini had run more than five marathons and had no plans to stop. She had always been an athlete. When she was in high school, she swam on her school's swim team and ran to stay healthy and active. Her mom and dad ran marathons, and when she was 22, they helped her train for her first marathon.

Lea's first marathon took place in Cincinnati, Ohio, and was called "The Flying Pig."

"I was very nervous," she said, "but I had my mom there, so that helped."

Running the race was hard, but the hardest part was when she ran past a cookie factory and smelled cookies at mile 18. "I just wanted to be done," she said. "I was spent, but my mom kept me going. It was already her 15th marathon."

The word "marathon" comes from a Greek legend. In the legend, a brave soldier ran all the way from the battlefield of Marathon to Athens, Greece to tell everyone the Greeks had won the battle against the Persians. It is said that he ran the entire way without stopping-a distance equal to a modern marathon.

Today, thousands of people run marathons every year. Runners train for months to get ready. To prepare for one of the marathons, Lea ran four to five times every week. On weekdays, she completed shorter runs, five or six miles at most. But on the weekends she ran long distances-13 miles, 15 miles, and 20 miles!

"I don't mind training because I get excited about working toward something. And I love running with a group of friends and working toward the goal together. But it does take a lot of time."

Running a marathon is a great achievement. "It's a great feeling of accomplishment and nothing feels as wonderful as reaching my goal when I cross the finish line," Lea explained. "I can't wait for the next one!"

Definition noun 1. something that is completed with success using hard work or skill.

Graduating from college was a great achievement.

Advanced Definition noun 1. something successfully carried through, esp. through bold or brave action or thought.

Winning the chess competition at his age was a great achievement.

2. the act of achieving.

The achievement of their goals now seemed possible.

These are some examples of how the word or forms of the word are used:

1. Another great achievement came during his two terms as president. 2. She placed in the top 10 in the junior division of the Association of Surfing Professionals, the highest achievement for female surfers under 21.

Definition noun 1. a person who takes part in sports or other physical activities.

Advanced Definition noun 1. a person who participates in sports or other physical activities, often as a competitor.

He thinks professional athletes get paid too much money.

My father was a college athlete and won a few trophies.

2. a person with natural talent in sports or other physical activities.

Your four-year-old is quite an athlete; she does a wonderful handstand!

Spanish cognate atleta: The Spanish word atleta means athlete.

These are some examples of how the word or forms of the word are used:

1. An athlete is a person who plays a sport. 2. Be a better and stronger athlete by fueling your body properly. 3. Instead of watching the games, I actually get to be the athlete this time. 4. Though steroids might help make a person stronger, the drugs also mess with an athlete's mind and body. 5. The proposal calls for every athlete to undergo random drug testing at least three times during the season and twice during the off-season.

Definition noun 1. a race in which people run 26.2 miles.

Thousands of people run in the Boston Marathon.

2. any activity that requires great effort over a long period of time.

Their climb up the mountain was a real marathon.

Advanced Definition noun 1. a cross-country footrace of 26.2 miles.

Several runners from Kenya competed in the marathon this year.

2. any race covering a long distance.

Their daughter is running in the children's marathon organized by the school.

3. any contest or other extended activity that calls for prolonged effort or endurance.

It was a real marathon finishing the work before the deadline.

Spanish cognate maratón: The Spanish word maratón means marathon.

These are some examples of how the word or forms of the word are used:

1. Natalie is a runner, so to train for her hike up the mountain, she signed up for two half-marathons to keep herself motivated. 2. On Nov. 23, 2003, Combs, after only two months of training, completed the 26.2-mile New York CityMarathon in four hours, 14 minutes, and 54 seconds. 3. In Texas, schoolchildren are on the run. They won't stop until they have covered 26.2 miles. That is the distance of a running race called the marathon. 4. Running a marathon is not easy. It takes hard work, practice, and patience. After all, to run a marathon, you have to run 26.2 miles by foot! 5. Julien liked that way of putting it, that he didn't just look like his father, but that he and his father shared something more special. So when Julien's father began training for a marathon, Julien found himself wanting to run as well.

Name: ______Date: ______1. What did Lea Tambellini train for when she was 22?

A. her first marathon B. her first relay race C. her first swim meet D. her first baseball season

2. What does this text describe?

A. This text describes the fight between the Greeks and the Persians on the battlefield of Marathon. B. This text describes how the marathon known as "The Flying Pig" got its name. C. This text describes marathons and the experience of someone who runs them. D. This text describes what Lea Tambellini's dad felt like when he ran his first marathon.

3. Running a marathon takes hard work, practice, and patience. What evidence in the text supports this statement?

A. Runners train for months to get ready for a marathon. B. Lea Tambellini had run more than five marathons by the time she was 30 years old. C. There is a marathon in Ohio called "The Flying Pig." D. The word "marathon" comes from a Greek legend.

4. How did Lea's feelings about running a marathon change?

A. At first she felt excited, but later she felt nervous. B. At first she felt bored, but later she felt scared. C. At first she felt scared, but later she felt bored. D. At first she felt nervous, but later she felt excited.

5. What is the main idea of this text?

A. It takes most people four or five hours to run a marathon. B. Running a marathon is hard work, but Lea Tambellini enjoys it. C. The hardest part of Lea Tambellini's first marathon was running past a cookie factory. D. Lea Tambellini loves running with a group of friends and working toward a goal with them.

6. Read these sentences from the text.

To prepare for one of the marathons, Lea ran four to five times every week. On weekdays, she completed shorter runs, five or six miles at most. But on the weekends she ran long distances-13 miles, 15 miles, and 20 miles!

Why might the author have included an exclamation point here?

A. to help readers imagine what running 20 miles would be like B. to show amazement at how far Lea was running on the weekends C. to suggest that Lea should not have run so many miles on the weekends D. to support the statement that running a marathon is not easy

7. Read these sentences from the text.

Running a marathon is not easy. It takes hard work, practice, and patience.

What does the pronoun "it" refer to here?

A. patience B. practice C. hard work D. running a marathon

8. Describe what Lea did to prepare for one of the marathons.

9. Describe how Lea feels when she crosses the finish line of a marathon.

10. The author states that "running a marathon is a great achievement." Based on the information in this article, explain whether Lea would probably agree or disagree with that statement.

Name: ______Date: ______1. What is a meaning of the word athlete?

A. the totality of surrounding conditions B. performance of moral or religious acts C. an exceptionally physically fit person

2. What is another meaning of the word athlete?

A. the creation of something in the mind B. an effortful attempt to attain a goal C. a person trained to compete in sports

Please use each answer choice only once. Choose the one word that best completes the sentence.

3. Soon she was famous among _____ who had a disability.

A. athlete B. athletes C. athletic

4. As early as age seven, training to be an _____ began.

A. athlete B. athletes C. athletic

5. Today, the most popular footwear in the world is the _____ shoe.

A. athlete B. athletes C. athletic

6. Please write your own sentence using the word athlete.

7. What would you like to remember about the meaning of the word athlete so that you can use it when you write or speak?

Name: ______Date: ______1. What is a meaning of the word achievement?

A. a source of energy for animals B. an award for completing a particular task C. a body of people who settle far from home

2. What is another meaning of the word achievement?

A. a stiff moderately thick paper B. the act of conveying something C. a great or heroic deed or feat

Please use each answer choice only once. Choose the one word that best completes the sentence.

3. She was one of the first women to _____ this goal.

A. underachievement B. achieved C. achievements D. achieve E. achievement F. achieves G. achieving

4. Finally, humans had _____ the dream of powered, controlled flight.

A. underachievement B. achieved C. achievements D. achieve E. achievement F. achieves G. achieving

5. Even today, the work would be an amazing _____.

A. underachievement B. achieved C. achievements D. achieve E. achievement F. achieves G. achieving

6. They cannot compare with man's _____.

A. underachievement B. achieved C. achievements D. achieve E. achievement F. achieves G. achieving

7. Your behavior toward _____ the goal stops when balance is restored.

A. underachievement B. achieved C. achievements D. achieve E. achievement F. achieves G. achieving

8. He _____ greater skill in a shorter time.

A. underachievement B. achieved C. achievements D. achieve E. achievement F. achieves G. achieving

9. These problems include high dropout rates and academic _____.

A. underachievement B. achieved C. achievements D. achieve E. achievement F. achieves G. achieving

10. Please write your own sentence using the word achievement.

11. What would you like to remember about the meaning of the word achievement so that you can use it when you write or speak?

Name: ______Date: ______1. What is a meaning of the word marathon?

A. a self-contained spacecraft unit B. a footrace of 26 miles 385 yards C. a person who lacks good judgment

2. What is another meaning of the word marathon?

A. a lawyer who pleads cases in court B. any extended or sustained activity C. a very small quantity of something

Please use each answer choice only once. Choose the one word that best completes the sentence.

3. Usually people like to run _____ in cool weather.

A. marathon B. marathons

4. In a _____, runners run more than twenty-six miles.

A. marathon B. marathons

5. Please write your own sentence using the word marathon.

6. What would you like to remember about the meaning of the word marathon so that you can use it when you write or speak?

Fireflies in the Garden by Robert Frost

Here come real stars to fill the upper skies, And here on earth come emulating flies, That though they never equal stars in size, (And they were never really stars at heart) Achieve at times a very star-like start. 5 Only, of course, they can't sustain the part.

ReadWorks.org ReadWorks Vocabulary - emulate emulate em·u·late

Advanced Definition transitive verb 1. to try to be the same as or better than (another person), esp. by imitating.

She admired her adventuresome aunt and desired to emulate her.

She wished her son would emulate his hard-working father rather than these rock stars.

Spanish cognate emular: The Spanish word emular means emulate.

These are some examples of how the word or forms of the word are used:

1. She had prepared a beautiful piece in which she slid across the stage on her toes, emulating a flowering tulip. Annabelle was midway through her performance when she felt something warm and sticky land on her right shoulder. 2. Here come real stars to fill the upper skies,And here on earth come emulating flies,That though they never equal stars in size,(And they were never really stars at heart)Achieve at times a very star-like start. Only, of course, they can't sustain the part.

Definition adjective 1. having the same value, measure, or amount as something else.

The two sisters are of equal height.

2. the same for everyone.

We all have an equal chance of winning the game.

verb 1. to be the same as or equal to.

Two plus two equals four.

Advanced Definition adjective 1. of or having the same value, measure, or quantity as something else.

The two sisters are of equal intelligence.

2. the same for everyone.

Each of us has an equal chance to win the game.

They hope to guarantee equal job opportunities.

3. having sufficient skills or ability to do a specified thing (fol. by to).

It was going to be a challenge, but he was equal to the task.

noun 1. a person or thing that is the same as or equal to another.

At this year's chess tournament, he finally met his equal.

You will have to learn to treat each other as equals.

transitive verb 1. to be the same as in amount, value, or quality.

7 plus 5 equals 5 plus 7.

Last night's performance here in New York equaled the one I saw in London last year.

My workload easily equals yours.

2. to perform at the same level as, or create something equal to.

If we equal today's efforts tomorrow, we'll finish the work on time.

Spanish cognate igual: The Spanish word igual means equal.

These are some examples of how the word or forms of the word are used:

1. Single-sex schools divide students at a time when they should be on equal terms. 2. As a result, equal rights laws were passed. Those laws provide the same rights to all Americans. 3. It's a bitter pill to swallow, but not all Americans are created equal. The president is top dog. 4. No matter how different we are, we are equal. Treat each other with respect and dignity, no matter who they are. 5. As a result of King's hard work, equal rights laws were passed. Those laws make sure that all Americans are treated fairly and equally. 6. It is said that he ran the entire way without stopping-a distance equal to a modern marathon. Today, thousands of people run marathons every year. 7. It would work to create "just and equal laws" for everyone to obey. There is little doubt that the Mayflower Compact created order and helped the Pilgrims to survive. 8. That is equal to 2,000 pounds of garbage-the amount of trash each person, on average, threw away each year in the late 2000s. Philadelphia artist Leo Sewell scoured city dumps and created Trash-o-saurus out of old junk, from false teeth and license plates to toys, tires, and tennis rackets.

Advanced Definition transitive verb 1. to provide with the basic necessities of life.

They don't earn enough money from these jobs to sustain themselves and their families.

2. to keep (something) going or existing.

Continued donations sustained the project.

I could no longer sustain my interest in the conversation.

3. to support.

Donations sustain the work of our charity.

4. to keep up the spirits of; encourage.

He sustained her through the crisis.

5. to endure.

I refuse to sustain this unfair treatment any longer.

6. to suffer (loss or damage); undergo.

He sustained injuries to his neck and spine.

The town sustained a great amount of damage during the storm.

7. to uphold the validity or correctness of.

The judge sustained the objection by the defense.

8. to confirm; prove; corroborate.

The evidence will sustain my opinion.

Spanish cognate sostener: The Spanish word sostener means sustain.

Name: ______Date: ______1. What kind of insect is this poem about?

A. dragonflies B. ants C. fireflies D. grasshoppers

2. What does the poet compare and contrast fireflies with in this poem?

A. planes B. planets C. comets D. stars

3. Read these lines from the poem:

And here on earth come emulating flies,

That though they never equal stars in size,

(And they were never really stars at heart)

Achieve at times a very star-like start.

Only, of course, they can't sustain the part.

What can you conclude from these lines?

A. The fireflies cannot act like they are stars for very long. B. The fireflies do not want to be like stars. C. The fireflies are able to shine brightly like stars without ever stopping. D. The fireflies can grow to be the same size as stars.

4. Read these lines from the poem:

That though they never equal stars in size,

(And they were never really stars at heart)

Achieve at times a very star-like start.

Only, of course, they can't sustain the part.

Why might the poet have included the phrase "of course" in the last line?

A. to show that the poet does not really know much about fireflies B. to show that the poet thought the fireflies would be able to sustain the part C. to show that the poet wishes that fireflies could sustain the part D. to show that the poet is not surprised that fireflies cannot sustain the part

5. What is the main idea of this poem?

A. Fireflies can seem very star-like, but only for a short time. B. Although stars are larger in size, fireflies are more beautiful than stars. C. Fireflies live in the garden, while stars appear in the sky. D. Fireflies and stars are both interesting things to study.

6. Read these lines from the poem:

And here on earth come emulating flies,

That though they never equal stars in size,

(And they were never really stars at heart)

Achieve at times a very star-like start.

Why might the poet have chosen to use the word "achieve" in the last of these lines?

A. to make it seem like fireflies do not want to look like stars B. to make it seem like fireflies sometimes look like stars by accident C. to make it seem like fireflies are very intelligent insects D. to make it seem like fireflies are trying and succeeding at looking like stars

7. What does the word "they" refer to throughout the poem?

A. stars B. skies C. flies D. parts

8. What are two ways that the poet contrasts flies and stars in this poem?

9. In what way are flies similar to stars, based on the poem?

10. "Emulating" means imitating, or trying to be like something else. Why might the poet have called fireflies "emulating flies" in this poem? Use evidence from the text to support your answer.

Name: ______Date: ______1. What is a meaning of the word emulate?

A. to copy or imitate B. extend in space C. leave as a guarantee in return for money

2. What is another meaning of the word emulate?

A. cry loudly, as of animals B. treat gently or carefully C. compete with successfully

Please use each answer choice only once. Choose the one word that best completes the sentence.

3. The new operating system was capable of _____ the old one, too.

A. emulate B. emulated C. emulating

4. I have tried to stand between these two forces, saying that we need _____ neither.

A. emulate B. emulated C. emulating

5. The avatar _____ the players movements.

A. emulate B. emulated C. emulating

6. Please write your own sentence using the word emulate.

7. What would you like to remember about the meaning of the word emulate so that you can use it when you write or speak?

Name: ______Date: ______1. What is a meaning of the word sustain?

A. pull hard B. to keep up C. to make up

2. What is another meaning of the word sustain?

A. refrain from harming B. to keep from falling C. to fly without power

Please use each answer choice only once. Choose the one word that best completes the sentence.

3. When he invented the Hershey bar, one of his first ads said the bar was more _____ than meat.

A. sustain B. sustains C. sustained D. sustaining

4. How could men _____ a high level of idealistic commitment through the grim experiences of disease, death, exhaustion, and frustration?

A. sustain B. sustains C. sustained D. sustaining

5. What does lie at the core of the consensus that _____ the Congress?

A. sustain B. sustains C. sustained D. sustaining

6. Hurricane: A tropical cyclone with _____ winds of at least 74 mph.

A. sustain B. sustains C. sustained D. sustaining

7. Please write your own sentence using the word sustain.

8. What would you like to remember about the meaning of the word sustain so that you can use it when you write or speak?

Name: ______Date: ______1. What is a meaning of the word equal?

A. reasonably to be expected B. outside one's own country C. be identical or equivalent to

2. What is another meaning of the word equal?

A. to have as its consequence B. outside one's own neighborhood C. made up of multiple parts

Please use each answer choice only once. Choose the one word that best completes the sentence.

3. But they did not know how to break it into _____ parts.

A. inequality B. equally C. equity D. equal E. equality F. inequalities G. equals

4. Busy dogs are _____ at home on land and in the water.

A. inequality B. equally C. equity D. equal E. equality F. inequalities G. equals

5. They talked about ways to work toward _____ for all people.

A. inequality B. equally C. equity D. equal E. equality F. inequalities G. equals

6. A _____ the grade I'd like to get.

A. inequality B. equally C. equity D. equal E. equality F. inequalities G. equals

7. Homeowners add to their _____, or savings, with monthly mortgage payments.

A. inequality B. equally C. equity D. equal E. equality F. inequalities G. equals

8. This _____ touched every part of life.

A. inequality B. equally C. equity D. equal E. equality F. inequalities G. equals

9. The sharpest _____, though, were between slave and free.

A. inequality B. equally C. equity D. equal E. equality F. inequalities G. equals

10. Please write your own sentence using the word equal.

11. What would you like to remember about the meaning of the word equal so that you can use it when you write or speak?

Happy Trails by ReadWorks

The morning she left for Camp Kanawa, Maria awoke with a lump in her throat and an ache in her stomach. She had gone on plenty of sleepovers. She'd even spent a whole weekend at Aunt Jolie and Uncle Ed's. So why was she so nervous?

No breakfast today, she thought, imagining the ache turning into nausea and a horrible road trip after a full meal. Then the smell of French toast wafted upstairs. As usual, Maria's stomach grumbled as soon as the French toast-scented air hit her nostrils. On the other hand, maybe a good breakfast is exactly what I need.

She gave her arms and legs a good stretch and ambled downstairs.

"There's my big camper!" her mom said, squeezing Maria's shoulders with one arm the way she did when she wanted to give a hug, but was in too much of a rush for a full embrace. She walked briskly to the stove, placed two pieces of French toast on a plate and tapped a canister above them, powdered sugar snowing down.

"...and lightly dusted," said Maria, already in position, armed with knife, fork, napkin and full glass of milk.

Maria poured a puddle of maple syrup beside the toast and topped each piece with a little mountain of whipped cream.

"Get started while it's hot. Your father's coming down in a minute. I told him to shave. Don't want the grizzly bear-I mean, grizzly beard-to send your new bunkmates running for the woods."

"Okay, okay," Maria's dad said with a sneaky smile. "Clean as a whistle. Just like you ordered."

"Just like I ordered?"

"The mustache stays. Admit it, you love it."

Maria's mom shrugged.

"I think it's hip," Maria said, dipping a bite in some syrup.

"Well, your old man is hip," her dad said, moving his head the way he did when he wanted to look like a cool surfer dude but looked more like an Egyptian robot."In fact, I was the most popular kid at my camp."

"For the record, it was science camp," Maria's mother reminded her, "and his rise to fame was thanks to what was known as The Great Explosion."

"Accident or genius? The world may never know," Maria and her dad said in unison, using their deepest, most mysterious voices. They slowly broke out of character and into laughter.

"In all seriousness, Maria, popularity is not important," her mother said, looking her straight in the eyes. "Finding the people who like you for you-that's what matters."

"Your mom speaks the truth, Sugar," said Maria's dad, wiping his thick mustache with a napkin. "Just be yourself. You'll have a blast."

* * * * *

Just be yourself. Just be yourself. Maria repeated the words like a mantra as she sat with her new cabin mates in a circle on the grass.

"Thanks. I made it in an embroidery class I took this winter."

"Whoa! That's impressive. Can you teach me how?"

"If you teach me how to do a braid just like the one in your hair. I've mastered the art of French toast eating, but definitely not French braiding."

A loud whistle hushed the girls' laughter and buzzing all around them. They looked up to see a beautiful older girl blowing into an acorn top between her thumbs. Her skin was tan and eyes were dark brown, like Maria's, but her dirty blonde hair made Maria feel bored of her plain, black hair.

"Hello! I'm Audrey, one of your two cabin counselors."

"And I'm Gina, your other cabin counselor," said the pale girl with curly, brown hair and eyes that were icy blue in color, yet warm.

"And you ladies are the Dragonflies!" Audrey lifted her arms in the air as she announced it."Each cabin here at Camp Kanawa is named after a different insect."

"The Cockroach boys-age twelve and thirteen like you-think they've got the best mascot. I beg to differ. Dragonfly girls are as tough as dragons and graceful as...well, dragonflies."

"That sounded better when we rehearsed it," Gina said lightheartedly.

The ache in Maria's stomach had officially turned into butterflies-the excited kind.

Definition noun 1. an outdoor area where tents or shelters are set up to live in for a time.

We set up camp on a flat, clear place in the forest.

2. a place with activities for children when they are not in school. Children stay overnight at some camps.

My son goes to camp for a few weeks every summer.

verb 1. to set up a temporary shelter, such as a tent.

Let's camp here by the river.

Advanced Definition noun 1. an outdoor place where tents or temporary shelters are set up.

We set up our tent in a camp by the lake.

2. one or a group of cabins, tents, or other rough shelters.

The refugee camp consists of hundreds of tents and wooden huts.

3. a place or program that provides activities, and often overnight accommodations in a rustic setting, for children when they are on vacation from school.

Our son did a lot of outdoor sports and made some good friends while he was at camp last summer.

4. the people in such cabins, tents, or shelters.

Howling wolves kept the whole camp awake last night.

5. a group of persons united by a common idea or belief.

He's gone over to the Democratic camp.

intransitive verb 1. to establish a temporary shelter or camp. ReadWorks.org · © 2020 ReadWorks®, Inc. All rights reserved. Definitions and sample sentences within definitions are provided by Wordsmyth. © 2015 Wordsmyth. All rights reserved. ReadWorks Vocabulary - camp

2. to live in a camp (usu. fol. by out).

3. to establish oneself securely in a place.

We camped on her doorstep until she decided to appear.

Spanish cognate campo: The Spanish word campo means camp.

These are some examples of how the word or forms of the word are used:

1. The camp was filled with sadness for those who had died. That night the bugler played the "Lights Out" call. 2. My grandmother said that all the Japanese Americans learned a very important lesson. "Even at internment camp, I was not alone. I made friends and had family. No matter how difficult times are, there is the goodness of people, the beauty of nature around us, and God." 3. Joey, once again, had taken his entire lunch plate and mixed all the food together. It was his favorite thing to do at camp. 4. When I was 7, I went to a violin camp. After class, some of the older kids would play fiddle music. 5. On the sixth day, the batteries in the rebels' walkie-talkies died. The leader said he and others would return to the climbers' camp to get fresh ones. 6. Ilsa smiled. She liked that her new camp friends' families were from so many different places and that she could learn about the weather and climate from them. 7. Disappointed, Fiennes knew he had only one real choice. He had to turn around and go back. This was no small chore either. The return trip to base camp was 12 hours long. 8. "Now, Sugar Plum," her mother said, rubbing Lizzie's back. "I know you don't want to go back to camp, but think how much fun you'll have. All your friends from last year will be there."

Definition noun 1. a person who gives advice.

The school counselor helped my daughter choose her courses.

Advanced Definition noun 1. someone who gives or is hired to give counsel.

a guidance counselor

2. someone hired to supervise children at a camp.

3. an attorney, esp. one who represents clients in court; lawyer.

Spanish cognate consejero: The Spanish word consejero means counselor.

These are some examples of how the word or forms of the word are used:

1. Ilsa was excited to meet her camp counselor Itzel when she arrived for her first day at The International Camp in Forest Hills, Queens, in New York City. 2. Last year, Patrick saw a classmate getting pushed around at school. He immediately reported the incident to the principal and a guidance counselor. The school called the kids in to sort out the problem, he says. 3. Sometimes, relaxing outside can help calm ADHD behaviors. Scientists recently reported that kids with ADHD concentrate better after taking walks in a park. Counselors and therapists can help each person come up with strategies to calm down and focus. 4. It's hard to move and start going to a new school. It's even harder for the many children displaced from the states hit hardest by Hurricane Katrina. School guidance counselors say that relocating to an unfamiliar school is bound to affect many of the children. 5. After that, they met with the school counselor, whose job it was to think of good ideas to help kids who were having problems in school. The counselor suggested that Alex be given two sets of books, one for home and one for school. If his engine revved up after school and he took off without them, he wouldn't fail to do his homework. 6. Tell a trusted adult-such as a parent, a teacher, or a counselor-about the bullying. Adults can help by talking with other parents or school officials, or contacting Web sites or cell phone service providers to have messages removed, Hinduja says.

Name: ______Date: ______1. At the beginning of the story, where is Maria about to go?

A. a sleepover B. Camp Kanawa C. Aunt Jolie and Uncle Ed's D. school

2. How do Maria's feelings about camp change in the story?

A. At first Maria is nervous, but then she is excited. B. At first Maria is excited, but then she is nervous. C. At first Maria is excited, but then she is bored. D. At first Maria is nervous, but then she is sad.

3. Maria is anxious and nervous about going to camp. What evidence from the story best supports this statement?

A. Maria decides to eat French toast for breakfast before going to camp. B. Maria's parents give her advice about making friends at camp. C. Maria and her mom joke with her dad about being hip and cool. D. The morning she leaves for camp, Maria wakes up with a stomach ache.

4. Read the following sentences: "Just be yourself. Just be yourself. Maria repeated the words like a mantra as she sat with her new cabin mates in a circle on the grass."

Based on this information, what conclusion can you make?

A. Maria is confident that she will make friends. B. Maria is not sure if she will like her cabin mates. C. Maria is nervous about making friends. D. Maria has already made some new friends.

5. What is this story mostly about?

A. Maria goes to camp for the first time. B. Maria really loves to eat French toast. C. Maria discovers her love for dragonflies. D. Maria jokes with her parents over breakfast.

6. Read the following sentences:

She walked briskly to the stove, placed two pieces of French toast on a plate and tapped a canister above them, powdered sugar snowing down.

"Just like you like it: super fluffy, slightly crispy..."

"...and lightly dusted," said Maria, already in position, armed with knife, fork, napkin and full glass of milk.

What does the author mean when she describes the powdered sugar as "snowing down"?

A. The powdered sugar was cold like falling snow. B. The powdered sugar was wet like falling snow. C. The powdered sugar smelled like falling snow. D. The powdered sugar looked like snow as it fell.

7. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence below.

______, Maria is nervous about camp, but soon after she arrives, she becomes excited instead.

A. Finally B. Initially C. Especially D. Although

8. What advice does Maria's mom give her before going to camp?

9. Maria is nervous about going to camp, but after she arrives at camp she becomes more excited than nervous. What causes Maria's feelings to change?

10. Based on the information in the story, will Maria likely have a good time at camp? Support your answer using details from the story.

Name: ______Date: ______1. What is a meaning of the word counselor?

A. the condition of being susceptible to harm or injury B. someone whose employment involves carrying something C. a children's supervisor, usually at camp

2. What is another meaning of the word counselor?

A. someone employed to conduct others B. a vehicle carrying many passengers C. a lawyer who pleads cases in court

Please use each answer choice only once. Choose the one word that best completes the sentence.

3. When he was only ten years old the boy was cleverer than all the King's _____ put together.

A. counselor B. counselors

4. I told him what the guidance _____ had said.

A. counselor B. counselors

5. Please write your own sentence using the word counselor.

6. What would you like to remember about the meaning of the word counselor so that you can use it when you write or speak?

Name: ______Date: ______1. What is a meaning of the word camp?

A. a part of a ship B. a group of tents C. a certain group

2. What is another meaning of the word camp?

A. any materials unused and rejected as worthless or unwanted B. a person who settles in a new colony or moves into new country C. temporary lodgings in the country for travelers or vacationers

Please use each answer choice only once. Choose the one word that best completes the sentence.

3. She knew how to cook _____ food.

A. camped B. camp C. camper D. camping E. camps F. campers G. encamped

4. The team members would help fix ropes, set up _____, and make food.

A. camped B. camp C. camper D. camping E. camps F. campers G. encamped

5. We cannot wait for our next _____ trip.

A. camped B. camp C. camper D. camping E. camps F. campers G. encamped

6. One year he had _____ near a wolf den while on a hunt.

A. camped B. camp C. camper D. camping E. camps F. campers G. encamped

7. Each table had the same amount of _____, to be fair.

A. camped B. camp C. camper D. camping E. camps F. campers G. encamped

8. Every _____ who takes part in this activity is fitted with a life vest.

A. camped B. camp C. camper D. camping E. camps F. campers G. encamped

9. In some areas soldiers are _____.

A. camped B. camp C. camper D. camping E. camps F. campers G. encamped

10. Please write your own sentence using the word camp.

11. What would you like to remember about the meaning of the word camp so that you can use it when you write or speak?

Important People by Michael Stahl

The janitor is the person who helps keep the school clean. Every morning students come from all over and walk into the school building. A building can get dirty, especially when a lot of people go into it. The janitor sweeps and mops the floors so that the dirt brought in gets cleaned up.

The teacher is the person who runs the classroom. The teacher helps you learn about different topics and gives you assignments. If you don't understand something, you can ask the teacher for help.

The principal is the person who is in charge of the whole school. The principal is the leader of the school. The principal is in charge of all the teachers at the school. The principal is the person whom parents call when they want to talk to someone about the school. The principal ReadWorks.org · © 2013 ReadWorks®, Inc. All rights reserved. Important People usually sets high expectations for the students and makes sure that learning is happening in the school.

American schools are in a city or town. The city or town has a leader, too. The leader is usually called the mayor. The mayor is in charge of running the government of the city or town. The mayor works with the people in the city or town and the other people in the government to fix the problems of the city or town. The mayor has a lot of responsibility.

An American city or town is located within a state. Just like a city or town has a leader, a state has a leader, too. The leader of a state is called the governor. An American state is a part of the United States. There are 50 states, and each one has a governor. The person who is the leader of the United States of America is called the president. There have been over forty presidents throughout the course of America's history. The first president of the United States of America was George Washington. Who is the current president?

Definition noun 1. a person who directs or guides others or who has the most power in a group.

The men followed their leader into the woods.

He was a strong and powerful leader of the army.

Advanced Definition noun 1. one that leads.

2. the head of a political party, group, or organization.

3. the conductor or principal performer in a musical group.

4. a separate length of fishing line to which a lure is attached.

Spanish cognate líder: The Spanish word líder means leader.

These are some examples of how the word or forms of the word are used:

1. The president has an important job. He is the leader of the armed forces. He helps make our country's laws. He also works with the leaders of other countries. 2. In his speech, Mandela challenged world leaders not to "look the other way" from the problem of poverty. In July, leaders of the eight wealthiest countries, including the United States, will meet in Scotland. They have promised to take action to end poverty. Mandela and other supporters of "Make Poverty History" hope that world leaders keep their promise. 3. Cleopatra's attractions lured two of Rome's most famous leaders. First, she fell in love with Julius Caesar. Then, after Caesar's death, she fell in love with Mark Antony. These romances linked the two empires. 4. World leaders recently met in Russia. There, they discussed who should control the Arctic. Catherine Loubier is a spokesperson for Canada's government. "We take our responsibility for the future of the [Arctic] seriously," she says. 5. In 1438, the Inca Empire did not yet exist. There was a man named Pachacuti who was the leader of a much smaller empire. Pachacuti's name in Quechua, the language of the Incas, means "he who transforms the Earth." Pachacuti's goal was to build an empire. First, he led

Incas to conquer and claim struggling towns nearby. These people were made part of the Inca Empire. Then roads were built and trade routes were established between Cuzco and the other towns. The empire kept growing. 6. Even though North and South Korea are neighbors, the two countries are very different. North Korea is very poor. Its leader spends most of the country's money on the army, not on food for the people. 7. Before the first shots of war were fired, Paul Revere left Boston under a cloak of darkness. He rode his horse to nearby Lexington. Two leaders of the revolution, John Hancock and Samuel Adams, were hiding there. Adams had organized the Boston Tea Party. Hancock would eventually become the first signer of the Declaration of Independence. The British felt that they could squelch the revolution if they could capture these men. 8. One group was led by a man named Mao Zedong. This group was called the Communist Party of China. Communism is different from democracy, the type of government the United States has. In a democracy, the people choose their rulers. Under communism, the people generally do not choose their leaders. 9. Julius Caesar is one of the most famous figures in Roman history. Very few leaders have been able to accomplish as much as Caesar did during his lifetime. He had many talents. He proved to be a great speaker, writer, politician, and military leader. Under Caesar, the Roman Republic expanded across a large part of Europe.

Definition noun 1. the condition or fact of being accountable, especially for assigned duties and tasks.

Adults should take responsibility for their actions.

2. something that a person is responsible for; duty.

His responsibilities at work include typing and filing.

Advanced Definition noun 1. the state or fact of being responsible.

You will need to take responsibility for your actions.

2. a burden, duty, or obligation for which one is responsible.

Becoming a parent means taking on many responsibilities.

3. reliability.

Spanish cognate responsabilidad: The Spanish word responsabilidad means responsibility.

These are some examples of how the word or forms of the word are used:

1. Suing fast-food companies "would make the lawyers' bank accounts fatter," Keller says, but it "won't make anyone skinnier." It is, Keller says, "a matter of personal responsibility." People have only themselves to blame if a fast-food diet makes them fat. 2. Sherri really is angry. But if she took the time to look at her feelings, she'd realize that the person she's angry with is herself. It wasn't Taylor's responsibility to make sure she studied for the math test; it was hers. When she didn't do well on the test, she blamed her friend because that was easier than admitting she had messed up. 3. It is our responsibility to take care of our planet. Global warming is a serious problem with serious consequences. If we want future generations to enjoy their time on Earth, we must act now! 4. Andi Gladstone has been part of the collective since soon after it started. She says the workers

started the collective because they wanted to share the responsibility for the business and also share the money it made. 5. The war was not just about taxes. It was about freedom. It was about the relationship of any government to its people. Finally, the war was about the responsibility of the government to protect the rights of the people. 6. One of the most important responsibilities Americans have is voting. U.S. citizens elect the people who run the country, from city officials to the U.S. president. Those elected officials make and enforce, or put into effect, laws that affect the whole country. 7. Sotomayor is the first Hispanic American to become a Supreme Court justice. She is also the third woman to sit on the nation's top court. The justice hopes her experience is "an inspiration for others," she says. "It's a sort of awesome sense of responsibility." 8. We tend to look up to famous people. Famous people have a responsibility to be good role models. That way, people who look up to them will also be good. 9. Though black men were allowed to be in the army, everything was far from equal. Black men were paid less than white men. At first they were given less responsibility and smaller tasks. However, black regiments were very brave. By the end of the war, they had proven their loyalty and their ability to fight.

Definition verb 1. to make oneself go forward by moving the legs very fast.

I ran to the bus stop.

2. to try to be elected to a government office.

She is running for mayor in this year's election.

3. to work or operate; function.

This car runs on electricity, not gasoline.

This business has been running for fourteen years.

4. to flow or spread.

The river runs fast.

Paint is running down the wall.

5. to move between places at planned times.

The bus to town runs every two hours.

6. to make something function; operate.

Do you know how to run this machine?

7. to manage or keep in operation.

He ran a shoe business for twenty years.

noun 1. the act of running.

He goes for a long run every morning.

Advanced Definition intransitive verb 1. to propel oneself forward by moving the legs very quickly so that all feet are briefly off the

ground.

We were late, so we ran to the bus stop.

The greyhounds ran around the track.

2. to move quickly; make a fast trip.

Run over to the barn for some tools.

3. to move away quickly, as in retreat or escape; flee.

You were scared of the cops, so you ran!

4. to seek office in an election.

The governor is running for reelection.

5. to function.

This machine runs well.

6. to flow, spread, spill, or discharge.

The river runs swiftly

Paint is running down the wall.

7. to move between places on a schedule, as trains or buses.

The trains run every hour on the hour.

8. of fish, to migrate.

9. to continue through time or space.

The movie ran for a week.

10. to extend.

There's only one road that runs between these two small towns.

11. to be expressed in a certain way.

The story ran that she stole the dog.

12. to unravel.

Her stocking ran. transitive verb 1. to move quickly over or along (a distance).

He ran three miles.

2. to cause to run, as in pursuit.

cowboys who run cattle.

3. to perform or compete in by running.

She ran the marathon.

4. to transport, esp. illegal goods.

They ran guns across the border.

5. to operate, as an engine or other machine.

Don't run the air conditioner all night.

6. to manage or keep in operation, as an event, organization, or business.

He ran a shoe business for three decades.

Who is running the festival this year?

7. to cause (an advertisement or the like) to be printed publicly.

8. to go quickly past or through.

The drunk driver ran a red light and two stop signs.

9. to make oneself exposed to.

She ran the risk of failing.

10. to forcefully push against, off, or into something.

They ran me off the road. noun 1. the act or an instance of running.

He takes a long run every morning.

2. a pace more rapid than a walk.

He circled the building at a run.

3. a competitive instance of running; race.

She accomplished the best run of her life in today's race.

4. a quick trip.

a run to the store.

5. the distance covered in a period of running.

a ten-kilometer run.

6. free access or use.

He has the run of the house.

7. a continuous length or uninterrupted period or series of something.

a run of railroad track

a run of luck

a run of good novels.

8. a continuous period of production, as in printing.

a run of one thousand copies.

9. an enclosed outdoor space for animals.

10. an unraveling in a stocking or other knitted article.

11. in baseball, a score.

12. an effort to win office in an election.

His last run for office met with defeat.

13. an instance or the process of fish swimming upstream to spawn.

These are some examples of how the word or forms of the word are used:

1. That rickety thing must have been older than anyone on my street. It was so old, in fact, that ReadWorks.org · © 2020 ReadWorks®, Inc. All rights reserved. Definitions and sample sentences within definitions are provided by Wordsmyth. © 2015 Wordsmyth. All rights reserved. ReadWorks Vocabulary - run

water hadn't run under it for years. Kids would play in the riverbed, kicking soccer balls and chasing dogs into the brush. 2. The Underground Railroad was a secret network of houses and routes used by black slaves in the United States to escape north to the free states and Canada. It was run with the help of abolitionists and allies, who were both black and white. 3. Riding the bus is hard, though, because we do not have personal control over it. The bus travels on its set route, and it is sometimes late or slow. It doesn't run all the time, especially at night. Riding the bus makes it hard to change our plans.

Name: ______Date: ______1. Who are some of the people described in the passage?

A. lawyers, doctors, and bankers B. singers, actors, and dancers C. janitors, teachers, and principals

2. What does the passage list?

A. This passage lists some of the different jobs people have. B. This passage lists the mayors of America's five largest cities. C. This passage lists all the Presidents of the United States.

3. A janitor helps keep a school clean. A teacher helps students learn at school. A principal is in charge of all the teachers at a school.

What can be concluded from this information?

A. Principals often work with janitors but do not often work with teachers. B. Many janitors want to become teachers, and many teachers want to become principals. C. People can work in the same place and do different things.

4. Which job mentioned in the article is not a job that involves leadership?

A. janitor B. principal C. mayor

5. What is this passage mainly about?

A. the responsibilities of janitors and governors B. different people and their jobs C. how a janitor keeps a school clean

6. Read the following sentences: "The city or town has a leader, too. The leader is usually called the mayor. The mayor is in charge of running the government of the city of town."

What does the word "leader" mean above?

A. someone who helps children learn B. someone who has power over other people C. someone who does not get along with other people

7. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence below.

The principal makes sure learning is happening in the school, ______, the principal is in charge of the teachers.

A. but B. before C. so

8. What is the leader of a city or town called?

9. What are some of a mayor's responsibilities?

10. The title of this passage is "Important People." Are the people described in it important? Explain why or why not, using evidence from the passage.

Name: ______Date: ______1. What is a meaning of the word responsibility?

A. a male ruler of an empire B. a form of trustworthiness C. the first day of the week

2. What is another meaning of the word responsibility?

A. a set of pieces that work together in unison as a mechanism or device B. a duty, obligation or liability for which someone is held accountable C. any of the terminal members of the hand

Please use each answer choice only once. Choose the one word that best completes the sentence.

3. How can I prove I'm _____?

A. irresponsible B. responsibility C. responsibly D. responsibilities E. irresponsibly F. responsible

4. And missing a club meeting is very _____.

A. irresponsible B. responsibility C. responsibly D. responsibilities E. irresponsibly F. responsible

5. _____ are jobs that you need to do.

A. irresponsible B. responsibility C. responsibly D. responsibilities E. irresponsibly F. responsible

6. When you grow up, you have the _____ to vote.

A. irresponsible B. responsibility C. responsibly D. responsibilities E. irresponsibly F. responsible

7. He has been acting _____ for a long time.

A. irresponsible B. responsibility C. responsibly D. responsibilities E. irresponsibly F. responsible

8. Acting _____ shows your employer that you take the job seriously.

A. irresponsible B. responsibility C. responsibly D. responsibilities E. irresponsibly F. responsible

9. Please write your own sentence using the word responsibility.

10. What would you like to remember about the meaning of the word responsibility so that you can use it when you write or speak?

Name: ______Date: ______1. What is a meaning of the word run?

A. cause to perform B. to memorize C. make an effort or attempt

2. What is another meaning of the word run?

A. to make happen B. flee C. change location

Please use each answer choice only once. Choose the one word that best completes the sentence.

3. They have built vehicles _____ by horses, wind, clocks, and stream.

A. runs B. running C. runners D. ran E. run F. runny G. runner

4. He _____ to the little boy.

A. runs B. running C. runners D. ran E. run F. runny G. runner

5. Mom is _____ in a race.

A. runs B. running C. runners D. ran E. run F. runny G. runner

6. The farmer _____ by a lake.

A. runs B. running C. runners D. ran E. run F. runny G. runner

7. In a marathon, _____ run more than twenty-six miles.

A. runs B. running C. runners D. ran E. run F. runny G. runner

8. You can be a _____ and jump and run.

A. runs B. running C. runners D. ran E. run F. runny G. runner

9. My nose is _____ and my eyes are itchy, and my head feels like someone stuffed it full of boiled cabbage.

A. runs B. running C. runners D. ran E. run F. runny G. runner

10. Please write your own sentence using the word run.

11. What would you like to remember about the meaning of the word run so that you can use it when you write or speak?

Name: ______Date: ______1. What is a meaning of the word leader?

A. a unit of length equal to one twelfth of a foot B. a person who rules or guides or inspires others C. a daily or weekly publication on folded sheets

2. What is another meaning of the word leader?

A. the act or process of breathing B. any person that leads or directs C. a licensed medical practitioner

Please use each answer choice only once. Choose the one word that best completes the sentence.

3. _____ by scientists, these people tried to move a Stonehenge-sized stone.

A. leads B. leader C. leadership D. leading E. lead F. led G. leaders

4. Pencil _____ surely does not taste sweet!

A. leads B. leader C. leadership D. leading E. lead F. led G. leaders

5. He talked with _____ in his town.

A. leads B. leader C. leadership D. leading E. lead F. led G. leaders

6. I am the _____ of our team.

A. leads B. leader C. leadership D. leading E. lead F. led G. leaders

7. A _____ merchant thought that a big concert would be good for his store.

A. leads B. leader C. leadership D. leading E. lead F. led G. leaders

8. He praised her for her bravery and _____ in battle.

A. leads B. leader C. leadership D. leading E. lead F. led G. leaders

9. The camp director _____ everyone in songs.

A. leads B. leader C. leadership D. leading E. lead F. led G. leaders

10. Please write your own sentence using the word leader.

11. What would you like to remember about the meaning of the word leader so that you can use it when you write or speak?

Third Grade Week 1

Name ______5-Minute Daily Review Week 1, Monday Name______Third Grade

Use context clues to choose the meaning of the underlined word. Circle the complete sentences. 1. My friend and I have similar backpacks. 1. Tania loves third grade! A different B colorful C alike 2. My teacher is the nicest in my school. 2. I almost left my lunch box in our vehicle 3. Brought supplies to school. when I arrived at school today. A excited B car C cup

Edit the sentence. i cant wait to sea all my freinds at school again

Write the plural. Circle the words that are similar to the word nice.

baby unhealthy pleasant ______friendly pink kitty bad enjoyable ______kind dangerous good

Challenge: Choose one box above. On the back, write your own ©Rosie’s Resources 5-Minute Warm-Up questions similar to the questions in the box. 5-Minute Daily Review Week 1, Tuesday Name______Third Grade

Use context clues to choose the meaning of the underlined word. Circle the complete sentences. 1. Chloe went on a vacation cruise in the 1. Emily knows some girls in her class. ocean in a large sailing vessel. A bus B goat C ship 2. Packed lunch for me today. 2. The scientists found an ancient tool used 3. Andrew played kickball at recess. by cavemen . A very old B brand new C slippery

Edit the sentence. my cousin go to school in atlanta georgia

Write the plural. Circle the words that are similar to the word small.

city little itty bitty ______remote bad friendly lady bubbly petite ______tiny miniature

Challenge: Choose one box above. On the back, write your own ©Rosie’s Resources 5-Minute Warm-Up questions similar to the questions in the box.` 5-Minute Daily Review Week 1, Wednesday Name______Third Grade

Use context clues to choose the meaning of the underlined word. Circle the complete sentences. 1. Mom bought me a sturdy new backpack. 1. Doesn’t want to be late to school. A tiny B strong C delicious 2. Our principal greeted us this morning. 2. Joshua was deep in slumber when his alarm went off this morning. 3. Is my favorite subject in third grade. A sleep B play C breakfast

Edit the sentence. mrs smith is the bestest teacher at my school

Write the plural. Circle the words that are similar to the word tasty.

duty delicious yummy tasteless ______puppy bad flavorsome spy exciting ______scrumptious community

Challenge: Choose one box above. On the back, write your own ©Rosie’s Resources 5-Minute Warm-Up questions similar to the questions in the box. 5-Minute Daily Review Week 1, Thursday Name______Third Grade

Use context clues to choose the meaning of the underlined word. Circle the complete sentences. 1. Ella went to the store with her mom to 1. Third grade is the best grade! purchase school supplies. A store B look at C buy 2. My cousin goes to my school. 2. Sophie was still drowsy this morning 3. Saw her friends on the playground at because she had to wake up early. recess. A hungry B sleepy C pretty

Edit the sentence. our cafeteria make grate spaghetti

Write the plural. Circle the words that are similar to the word throw.

story hurl fling ______shiny friendly supply toss jog pitch ______explain complete

Challenge: Choose one box above. On the back, write your own ©Rosie’s Resources 5-Minute Warm-Up questions similar to the questions in the box. 5-Minute Daily Review Week 1, Quiz Name______Third Grade

Use context clues to choose the meaning of the underlined word. Circle the complete sentences. 1. Ella went to the store with her mom to 1. Tania loves third grade! purchase school supplies. A store B look at C buy 2. Packed lunch for me today. 2. I almost left my lunch box in our vehicle 3. Andrew played kickball at recess. when I arrived at school today. A excited B car C cup

Edit the sentence. my cousin go to school in atlanta georgia

Write the plural. Circle the words that are similar to the word throw.

supply hurl fling ______shiny friendly lady toss jog pitch ______explain complete

Challenge: Choose one box above. On the back, write your own ©Rosie’s Resources 5-Minute Warm-Up questions similar to the questions in the box. 5-Minute Language Review

Third Grade Week 2

Name ______5-Minute Daily Review Week 2, Monday Name______Third Grade

Underline the verbs.

Circle the nouns. The number at the end tells how many.

1. Mom bought sweet, juicy cherries. [2] man jump tree skip

2. Grandma baked a delicious pie. [2] Mom principal learn write

3. Peter ate a large slice of pie. [3] run scamper laugh pencil

Edit the sentence. every monday, i play tag at recess

Write the contraction. Fill in the chart.

can + not Present Past Future ______Today, Yesterday, I Tomorrow, I I jump. ______. ______. is + not Today, Yesterday, I Tomorrow, I ______I talk ______. ______.

Challenge: Choose one box above. On the back, write your own ©Rosie’s Resources 5-Minute Warm-Up questions similar to the questions in the box. 5-Minute Daily Review Week 2, Tuesday Name______Third Grade

Underline the verbs.

Circle the nouns. The number at the end tells how many.

1. My aunt is a fantastic cook. [2] book read drop obey

2. My dad cooks hamburgers on the grill. [3] rinse bark puppy hear

3. Grandpa grows lettuce in his garden. [3] leaves sing cake open

Edit the sentence. on tuesdays, i eat hamburgers for lunch

Write the contraction. Fill in the chart.

he + is Present Past Future Today, Yesterday, I Tomorrow, I ______I grin. ______. ______. she + is Today, Yesterday, I Tomorrow, I

______I jog. ______. ______.

Challenge: Choose one box above. On the back, write your own ©Rosie’s Resources 5-Minute Warm-Up questions similar to the questions in the box. 5-Minute Daily Review Week 2, Wednesday Name______Third Grade

Underline the verbs.

Circle the nouns. The number at the end tells how many. 1. Sophie bought Jill a present. [3] tiny bed sleep table

2. Gary read a book to Shelby. [3] eat banana monkey play 3. The fireman helped the kitten climb down

from the tree. [3] yellow run teach lady

Edit the sentence. do you visit your grandma every wednesday

Write the contraction. Fill in the chart.

Present Past Future I + will Today, Yesterday, I Tomorrow, I ______I learn. ______. ______. he + will Today, Yesterday, I Tomorrow, I

______I fix. ______. ______.

Challenge: Choose one box above. On the back, write your own ©Rosie’s Resources 5-Minute Warm-Up questions similar to the questions in the box. 5-Minute Daily Review Week 2, Thursday Name______Third Grade

Underline the verbs.

Circle the nouns. The number at the end tells how many. 1. Tommy took out the trash. [2] hair glow shine glove

2. Maria made her bed. [2] drive peel money move 3. Antonio helped Mom wash the dishes. [3] share think read hop

Edit the sentence. susans sister love to play outside in the sumer

Write the contraction. Fill in the chart.

Present Past Future would + not Today, Yesterday, I Tomorrow, I ______I skip. ______. ______. could + not Today, Yesterday, I Tomorrow, I

______I kick. ______. ______.

Challenge: Choose one box above. On the back, write your own ©Rosie’s Resources 5-Minute Warm-Up questions similar to the questions in the box. 5-Minute Daily Review Week 2, Quiz Name______Third Grade

Underline the verbs.

Circle the nouns. The number at the end tells how many. 1. Grandma baked a delicious pie. [2] man pencil laugh hear

2. Grandpa grows lettuce in his garden. [3] scamper peel book sing 3. Gary read a book to Shelby. [3] bed teach think puppy

Edit the sentence. every monday, i play tag at recess

Write the contraction. Fill in the chart.

she + is Present Past Future Today, Yesterday, I Tomorrow, I ______I grin. ______. ______. he + will Today, Yesterday, I Tomorrow, I

______I jog. ______. ______.

Challenge: Choose one box above. On the back, write your own ©Rosie’s Resources 5-Minute Warm-Up questions similar to the questions in the box.