"C ' ,'

/ /> / \\J'M\

V ,^ r ^j y" )

$1t> -^ Published by

J. O. THOMPSON Windom. Minn. HIRTY-TWO boys from Cotton- wood County who left their homes to fight for their country, for the liber- ty of the World, yielded up their lives in the great war. They died for their country and for us who are living. We love them and cherish their memory. In order that their gallant and heroic deeds, and those of their companions in arms be preserved for all time, this book is pub- lished, and to them it is dedicated.

iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiy

Gift

»AR 23 1922

Preface

This book, -Cottonwood County in the World War," is in the nature of a memorial to the 700 )oung- men from Cottonwood County who went into the army durino- the might\- struggle for world freedom, to preserve the prmciples for which the bovs of 1861-1865 fought, and to perpetuate the institutions of this Government.

Thirtv-two of our boys paid the supreme sacrifice—some on the battle- to the field and others in the hospitals. Now that peace has been again restored that died like men, world, it seems only fitting and just that the memory of those in the uniform of a I'nited States soldier, and the heroism of those who have ygain returned home, should be preserved for future generations. Forty years from now, when the boys who marched in the army and fought for the freedom of the world are old and gray, there will have come on the stage another gen- history. eration to whom the story of this great struggle will be a matter of The people of that day will know of these daring deeds only as they read them or hear some old soldier tell them. To keep this record f'jr future generations

is the purpose of this book.

The publisher has compiled this book with great care, and has earnestly- endeavored to give place in the book to every boy in the service, war workers

in ever\- branch of the war work justly entitled to such a place. There are a few unavoidable omissions among the soldier boys; some were impossible to locate, apologies to some refused to furnish photos or records ; for these we have no

make. But if there have been left out any names or pictures of those who should have been given credit for their efforts, it is with the most profound sincerity that we apologize. We have endeavored to give the jirincipal features and ac- tivities of the various committees and organizations in the county's w^ar work without going into detail to such an extent as to swell the book to too great a size.

While it was necessary to condense as much as possible, yet we have endeavored to present a truthful picture and do ample justice to all good and patriotic people

of the county. And we believe that if the magnitude of the work necessary in the compiling of this book were fully appreciated by our critics, that they would forgive us for any sins of omission or commission.

The publisher extends hearty thanks to all loyal people, to the soldiers,

sailors, and marines, and to all who have co-operated in furnishing material for

this book. It has been a laborious task, but we have enjoyed it and hope the book

will prove acceptable to all.

J. O. Thompson, Publisher. Cottonwood County and the World War

The winter of nineteeii-seventeen was a time of On Saturday evening, April 14. 1917, a patriotic anxiety and gloom. In Europe the war was raging meeting was called in the Garrick theatre. Recruit- with all its fury. The ruthless masters of Germany ing Officer Robert Murray of the First , had violated the laws of humanity and the laws of being responsible for the movement. There was a human nature, in spite of signed treaties and its large attendance and much enthusiasm was dis- pledges and promises to respect these laws. If played. The band was out and gave several selec- America had no particular concern of the atrocities tions and helped wake up our citizens to what committed by the German Armies in Europe, she was going on and the theatre was well filled. Rev. could not view with indifference the attacks upon Holden presided at the meeting and after short her own citizens and the sinking of her unarmed talks by Hon. R. H. Jefferson of Bingham Lake and ships and the massacre of her innocent sailors pur- Rev. Holden, Recruiting Officer Murray told what

suing their lawful business upon the seas. The was being done at the present time ; he reviewed blood of every true American surged with indigna- the history of the First Minnesota, the historic regi- tion as he read of the atrocities committed upon his ment, which was the first one offered the govern- countrymen, and wondered when they would be able ment at the time of the Civil War, and which was to take a hand in the matter and cast down mili- hoped would be the first one in the present unpleas- itarism. antness.

President Wilson demanded that Germany cease The results of the work of the recruiting officer her unlawful attacks upon American shipping, but was seen in the fact that a number of the young his righteous demands were met with evasion. men of Windom enlisted in the First Minnesota in Events moved fast, Germany paid no heed to the response to their country's call. They left the af- President's protests, and the Govern- ternoon of April 16, 1017, for Minneapolis. Minne- ment resolved to arm the American ships and to sota, to take the examinations. Nearly everybody repel such attacks. This course proved useless, so in the city of Windom and a great many from the war was the only alternative. country were at the depot to bid the enlisted men On April 6, 1917, Congress passed a resolution de- Godspeed on their way. All the business houses claring that a state of war existed between the closed to allow the employees to go to the depot and United States Government and the German Empire, a parade was formed at the school house led by and the President issued a proclamation calling the the band and second marched the enlisted men, nation to arms. Volunteers were called to recruit followed by the high school pupils. It was a scene the Army and Navy and the people were called that will never be forgotten by those who were upon to support the government in any emergency. present and stirred the enthusiasm of the people Every loyal citizen was expected to do his duty. to a greater determination to do everything in their The government at could not win the power to free the world of the menace that threat- war alone. The call to service went out to the ened the very foundation of Democracy. remotest parts of the country and the response from In raising such an army as was seen needful the all over the land brought with it the assurance of country found the volunteer system inadequate and victory. Immediately upon the declaration of war, upon the advice of the President, Congress passed a call was made for the Army and Navy, the country the Selective Conscription Act, which called for heretofore always relying on this method of rais- the registration of all male persons between the ing troops for the army. A great number of our ages of twenty-one and thirty inclusive, and em- patriotic men and boys responded to this call and powered the War Department to classify these reg- were sent to the various camps and training schools istrants according to age and circumstances. And which the government had established. When this to call to the colors such as it might choose. call to service came the boys of Cottonwood County responded nobly by enlisting in the Army, Navy and The first registration was held on the ."ith day of Marine Corps. June, 1917, and 1,350 boys registered. These were

THE FIRST \ULLNTEERS FROM COTTONWOOD COUNTY. Leaving for Minneapolis, Minn., April 16, 1917. They are as follows:

Top row, reading from left to right : Max Langley, Delbert Kibbey, Oscar Nelson, Vernon Croft, Roy Bowden, John Kreitz Bottom row: Walter Nelson, Floyd Marshall, Wesley Foss, John Sanger, Clark Beise, Delbert Yerkes. ; "

volunteers from Cottonwood CoinUy on their way to the "Off fnr tlie 1-ront." The rirst group of train April 10, 1917.

at called upon to furnish 91 men in the first quota, and numbered from 1 to 1,350. The drawing took place quota of draftees left for the boys were called on to on Sept. 21, 1H17, the first Washington, D. C, and for Dodge, la. Other registrations of men report to the draft board in rotation as their num- Camp service took place during the summer of bers were drawn at Washington. To Roger Morlan military report of which you will find in the Draft of Windom was the honor of being the first to be 1918, the report elsewhere in this book. drawn, his number being 2.58. The County was Board's

Rural School Graduation Poem

the rural schools uf Deli veered by Reuben Gustafson at the graduation exercises of Cottonwood County, 1918.

shoulders to the wheel. The other night my father took They'll put their gun His handy fountain pen. And help to fill the piercing steel. He would not speak, he would not joke. That sends the deadly the awful Hun. He was so thoughtful then. That routs Hurrah! Hurrah! for Pershing's boys, He said. "Oh children, go to bed. gallant, brave and true, While I few words prepare. The they'll fight with all their might I cannot help that I feel sad. I know White, the Blue. My thoughts are 'Over There.' For the Red, the

with all their might So many of our boys have left. I know they'll fight sweethearts true. That used to shake our hand. For mother, will they compare They're offering now their life for us, But nothing there the White, and Blue. oil the blood-soaked fields of . With the Red.

their homes in the U. S. A. They left their home, they left their all, They love star-decked banner flies. W'ith "pep" to win or die Where the they'll fight with all their might. Their music is the cannon's roar, That's why Beneath the Flanders sky. With "pep" to win or die.

our boys, Fve heard them talk, Fve seen them walk. Oh ! I can almost see troops in line. A million in a line. The U. S. the we send They'll surely make the Kaiser git, And say, my friend, boys looking fine. And cross the river Rhine. Are surely on high. Another million soon will start Too fine to die. may God an end. Across the rolling sea. Bring the struggle to is what I'd say: To answer to their comrade's call, If I should pray, this peace pact send. Who fights for you and me. Oh! Lord, thy

Copyright 191S, by .John F. Gustafson, Windom. Minn. ; : —

Gold Stars

Upon the service flag of Cottonwood County But though they sleep in alien soil they are not for- thirty-two blue stars have turned to gold. Thirty- gotten, nor will they be through all the coming two of the boys from this County who entered years. A monument will be erected to commem- the service of their country, gave all they had. orate the noble acts and deeds, not only of those Thirteen of these boys died of disease in the train- who made the supreme sacrifice, but of all who en- ing camps here at home. Nineteen boys died on the tered the service and did their part "to make the battlelield facing the foe, or from wounds received world safe for humanity." in order to preserve for in action, or in prison camps. In either case they future generations the memory of our County's He- made the supreme sacrifice for freedom and liuman- roes, and annually on the 30tb day of May a patri- ity. Those who died in this country sleep in the otic people will scatter flowers upon the graves of quiet cemeteries here at home, laid to rest by loving the dead, and will feel as in the words of Lincoln, hands, while those who died overseas sleep in alien ".\ solemn pride in having laid so costly a sacrifice soil with the wide Atlantic between them and home. on the altar of Freedom." IX FLANDERS FIELD. In Flanders field the poppies blow Between the crosses row on row.

That mark our places ; and in the sky The larks still bravely singing, fly, Scarce heard amidst the guns below. We are the dead. Short days ago we lived, felt dawn, Saw sunset glow, loved and were loved And now we lie in Flanders fields. Take up our quarrel with the foe. To you from falling hands we throw the torch Be yours to hold it high If you break faith with us, who die. We shall not sleep, though poppies grow In Flanders fields. By Lieut. John McCrac.

VICTOR LAWRENCE ALDRICH. Son of Mr. and Mrs. W. G. Aldrich of Windom. Minn. En- tered the service at Windom, Minn., Feb. 10, 1918, and was sent to Cornell LTniversity, Ithaca, N. Y., in the Aerial Photographic branch of the service. After a ten weeks' course at Cornell he was sent to Parkfield, Memphis. Tenn., and after several months' training here was transferred to Garden City, Long Island, and on Oct. 6, 1918, he sailed with the 19th Aerial Photo Section for France by way of Liverpool, England. On his arrival at Liverpool he was taken sick with pneumonia and died Oct. 2:!, 1918, and was buried with military honors at Liverpool, Eng. Previous to his entry into the service he had taken up the photographic profession and was a graduate of the College of Photography. Private Aldrich was born April 20, 1894.

GEORGE ANTON. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Albert C. Anton, was born Dec. 7, 1890. He entered the service at Windom, Minn., May 27, 1918, and was sent to Camp Lewis, Wash. After about two months' training here he sailed from Hoboken with his division for

France on July .5, 1918. He was a member of Co. E, 362d Inf. His parents received a letter from him dated Sept. 14, 1918, stating" thxt he was on the firing line. The next letter was dated Oct. 21, 1918, from Trier, Germany, stating that he was a prisoner of war in a German Hospital, that he bad been gassed and he had a broken leg, but that he was receiving good treat- ment and would get along all right. On Feb. 22, 1919, his parents received a telegram that he had died on Oct. 23, 1918. at Rest Hospital, at Trier, Germany, and that he was buried in the town cemetery at Trier, Germany. Private Anton was the only Cottonwood boy to be taken as prisoner that we Iiave any record of. He was born Dec. 7, 1890. RICHARD STAXLY BRUBACHER. Entered Son of Mr. and Mrs. J. D. Brubacher, Windom, Almn. the service Jan. 29. IDls, at Windom. and was sent to Langley Field, Va., in the Photographic section of the Signal Corps. In August, 1918. he was made Corporal, and the following month was made a Sergeant. Sergeant Brubacher was an ex- pert photographer. He was a graduate of the Tennessee Col- lege of Photography, and was employed in the Thompson Studio about four years previous to going into the service. He was made an instructor in the photographic section at Langley Field, and was also cartoonist for the "Propellor," a camp paper. He was taken sick with influenza and pneumonia and died Oct. 12, 1018, at Langley Field. The body was shipped to Win- dom, Minn., where "the funeral was held on the court house grounds, after which the body was escorted to Lake View- cemetery by the Home Guards, and buried with military honors. Serg. Brubacher was born Oct. 10, 1895.

^LARTIX BORSETH. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Peder Borseth of Wmdom. Minn., enlisted in the V. S. Marines Dec. 3, 1916, in Co. H, 6th Reg. Marines, and was trained on the U. S. S. . On May 23, 1918, Corporal Borseth sailed for France. It was at this time that the Germans were making their terrific drive towards Paris, hoping to crush France before the Americans could get there. It was at the battle of Chateau-Thierry when the LT. S. Marines (and Corp. Borseth was one of them) and the Dough- boys went into the lines and stopped the Germany array, and started them back to dear Berlin. It was in this drive that Cor- poral Borseth was killed in action on July 19, 1918. He was the first bov from Cottonwood County to sacrifice his life on the battlefield in the Great World War. Corporal Borseth was born April 14, 1894.

AUGUST BURMEISTER. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Charles Burmeister of Jefifers, Mmn. He entered the service April 29, 1918, at Windom, and was sent to Camp Dodge, . He was soon sent to Camp Travis, Te.xas, in the 345th Field Artillery. After sotite extensive training here he was sent with his company to France by way of England. Shortly after landing in France he was taken sick with influenza and pneumonia and died Sept. 6, 1918. He was buried with military honors in the American cemetery at Le Conrneau {camp of) Gironde. Private Burmeister leaves a wife to mourn his death. FLOYD W. CRAWFORD. Son of Mr. and Mrs. R. G. Crawford of McCredie, Mo. He entered the service April 29, 1918. at Windom, Minn., and was sent to Camp Dodge, la., with twenty other boys from Cot- tonwood County. After training there for some time he was sent to Camp Travis, , where he joined a heavy Machine Gun Co. and in June sailed with his company to France. He saw hard service in the St. Mihiel and Argonne drives. He was then taken sick with pneumonia and died in Paris Oct. 27, 1918. He was buried with military honors in the American cemetery at Paris.

FREDERICK WILLIAM GEGNER. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Lorenz Gegner of Comfrey, ^linn. He entered service at Windom, Minn., June 3.'), 1918, and was sent to Camp Grant, 111., where he was assigned to Co. F, 344th Inf., 86th Division. After receiving training there for about ten weeks he sailed for France Sept. 9, 1918, by way of England. On Oct. 4, 1918, he was transferred to Co. C, 148th Inf., 37th Division. It is not known just when he went to the front, but he did participate in the battle of Toul, for on Oct. 28, 1918, he was killed in action. One report was that he had died of pneumonia but his parents received a letter from France stating that he was killed in the battle of Toul. But whichever case it might be, he died in the cause of liberty and is enrolled as one of Cottonwood County's heroes.

OTTO GRAMS. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Aug. Grams, entered the service at Win- dom, Minn., Sept. 21, 1917, and was sent to Camp Dodge, Iowa, in Co. B, 351st Inf., 88th Div. He remained here until Nov. 26, 1917, when he was transferred to Camp Pike, where he re- mained until the time of his death which occurred on Jan. 2, 1918. from influenza-pneumonia. Private Grams was born Aug. 26, 1886. MARCUS J. HANSON. Entered the service May 17, 1918, at Windom, Minn., and was sent to Camp Dodge, la., where he was assigned to Co. B, 603d Engineers. After receiving his training there he was sent with his company to France. We do not know how long he was at the front, hut on Nov. 9, 1918, he was sHghtly wounded at the hattle of the River, and was being taken back to the hospital in an ambulance, when a high explosive shell struck the ambulance killing nine men and wounding two others. Private Hanson was ainong the killed. Private Han- son was born in Denmark June 24, 1890, and was the son of Hans K. Hanson of Denmark.

EDWARD HOCKE. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Paul Hocke of Windom, Mum. Entered the service on Sept. 10, 1918, at Windom and was sent to Ft. Snelling, Minn., where he received training, and was then transferred to St. James, Minn., as military clerk to the Draft Private Hocke was in the service only «KK Board at that place. about six weeks when he was taken sick with pneumonia and died on Oct. 31, 1918. The body was brought to Windom and was escorted from the depot to the court house by the Home Guards, where the funeral service was held. The Guards es- corted the body to the cemetery where they fired the final salute given all those who die in the service. While Private Hocke did not die on the field of battle, he did die in the service of his country. He leaves a wife, baby, and his parents and brother to mourn his death.

ANDREW O. HALL. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Hans O. Hall, entered the service at Win- dom, Minn., and was sent to Camp Grant in Co. F, 342d Inf. After receiving training there he was sent with his Division to France where he was transferred to Co. A, 55th Inf. Private Hall saw considerable service on the western front and on Nov. 3, 1918, as his company was moving up to the front line trenches to relieve the 34th Infantry, the Germans opened a barrage on them and several of the company were killed and wounded, and Private Hall was amongst them, being severely wounded in the left shoulder and back. He was moved back to First Aid sta- tion and from there to Base hospital No. 12, Toul, France, where he died on Nov. 6, 1918. He was buried with military honors at Toul, France. THOMAS ELAM HALLEYBURTON. Son of Mr. and Mrs. John E. Halleyburton of near Murfrees- boro, Tenn., was born Jan. 1, 1893. Entered the service at Windom, Minn., Sept. 21, 1917, and was sent to Camp Gordon in Co. E, 327th Inf., where he received military training, and in May, 1918, he sailed with his division from N. Y. for France via Liverpool, Eng. Sergeant Halleyburton saw considerable service at the front. On Sept. 13, 1918, he was gassed in the battle of Bel-Aire-Farm, France. After his recovery he re- turned to his company and on Oct. 17, 1918, he was killed in action in the battle of Somerance, France, and was buried there with military honors. Sergeant Halleyburton participated in the following offensives: St. Slihiel, .\rgonne, Bel-Aire-Farm and Somerrance.

ALFRED B. HANSON. On the Honor Roll of Cotttonwood County is the name Alfred B. Hanson as one of Cottonwood County's heroes. He was tlie son of Mr. and Mrs. James Hanson of Mountain Lake, Minn. He entered the service Sept. 21, 1917, at Windom, Minn., and was sent to Camp Dodge, la., where he was in training for several months. He was then transferred to Camp Pike, Ark., into Co. B, oKith Inf., 87th Division. He was again transferred on June 10, 1918, to Co. I, 163d Inf., sailing for France tlie same month. Here he was transferred to Co. G., 47th Inf. We were unable to ascertain what battle he was in but on Oct. 2."), 191s, lie was killed in action.

HENRY HALVORSON. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Martin Halvorson of Lamberton, Mmn. Upon entering the service he was sent to Spartanburg, S. C, where he received his military training. He was then trans- ferred to Newport News, Va., and on August 30, 1918, he sailed for France. Here he received further training, but it is not known whether he was at the front or not. On Oct. 28, 1918. he died at the U. S. Army Base Hospital of cerebro-spmal meningitis. Private Halvorson was confirmed in the High- w;iter Lutheran church Oct. 1.5, 1918. He leaves to mourn him his father, mother, six sisters and four brothers. HERMAX C. JEXSON. Of Laniberton, Minn., was the son of Jens M. Rognalsvaag. He entered the service from Cottonwood County in March, 1918, and was assigned to Co. K. .'io-lth Inf., Slith Division. After a few months' trainin.a; he sailed for France in June of the same year. After arriving in France fie received further training and was sent to the front in the Alsace Lorraine sec- tor where he was killed in action on Sept. IS. IfllS.

NORRIS KASSA. Son of John and Anna Kassa, of Ann Township, was born Dec. 29, 189.'i, and entered the service at Windom, Minn., on Sept. 19, 1U18, and was sent to the Dunwoody Training School at Minneapolis, Minn. On Oct. 7, 1918, just 17 days after he entered tlie service, he died from influenza-pneumonia. His body was sliipped to Revere for burial.

HIO LINGBECK. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Jans Lingbeck of Jeffers, Minn., entered the service Oct. 23, 1918, at Windom, i\linn., and was sent to Camp Forrest, Ga., in the 13th Prov. Ret. Co. Engrs. A few days after his arrival at Camp Forrest he was taken sick with influenza and pneumonia and died Nov. 7, 1918, just fifteen days after his entry into the service. His body was shipped to Jeffers for burial. CLAUDIUS ANDREW LALONE. Was the son of Mr. and Mrs. George Lalone, and was born Sept. 2S, 1898, in Highwater Township. He voUinteered as soon as war was declared in the Navy after receiving his moth- er's consent, as he was only 17 years of age. His mother was liv- ing in N. D. at the time and he enlisted there. He has the dis- tinction of being the first volunteer for the Navy and also the first sailor to give his life from N. D. He received training at the Great Lakes training station in the Radio Service, and was transferred to the interned German liner, "Frederick der Grosse," in the Brooklyn Navy Yards. In some mysterious way, this boat was set on fire and it was while he was fighting the flames on this boat that he was both burned and exposed to the weather, so that he took sick and died of diphtheria on June 13, 1917. His body, attended by a detail of sailors, was shipped to Cottonwood Co., and buried in the Westbrook cem- etery in Ann Township.

EDWARD M. LUDVIGSON. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Christ Ludvigson of Westbrook, Minn., born Nov. 22, 1886. He entered service on Sept. 21, 1017, at Windom, Minn. He was sent to Camp Dodge, la., where he was assigned to Co. D, .3.51st Inf., 88th Division. Was transferred on Nov. 1, 1917, to Q. M. C. A. R. D. 326 at Camp Cody, , where he was in training for over a year when he was taken sick with intestinal obstructions and peritonitis and died Nov. 28, 1918. The body was shipped to Westbrook, Minn., for burial.

PETER J. LaMAACK. Son of Mrs. Kate LaMaack of Dundee, Minn. Entered the service Sept. 21, 1917, froin Cottonwood County and was sent to Camp Dodge, la., in Co. H, 346th Inf. Was transferred Nov. 24, 1917, to Camp Pike, and in June, 1918, was sent to Camp Merritt. From there he was sent with his Division to France by way of Halifax and Liverpool, arriving in France the latter part of July and went in the front line trenches on the third day of August, 1918. He saw active service from this time on until Sept. 24, 1918, on which day he was killed in action. He was buried with military honors in the French cemeterv at Glorievux-, Meusen, France. LEWIS EDMUND NELSON. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Anton Nelson of Windoni, Minn. En- tered the service at Windom, Minn., Sept. 4, IfllS. and was sent to Camp Grant, 111. After a few days there he was trans- ferred to Camp Hancock, Ga. On his arrival there he was

taken sick with influenza pneumonia and died Oct. ,5, 1918. His body was shipped to Windom and the funeral was held on the court house grounds, and after the service the body was escorted to Lake View cemetery by the Home Guard's and buried with military honors. Private Nelson was born Oct. 12, 1896, and died just 30 days after he entered the service.

ADOLPH M. NIELSEN.

Son of Anders Knudsen, of Randers, Denmark, was born Jan. 6, 1891. He was in- ducted into the service from Cottonwood County, on Feb. 17, 1918, in Co. D, M. G. Bn. in the 83nd Div. He sailed from the United States for France in May, 1918, and little is known of him after going to France, except that he spent about ninety days on the front, and was then taken sick with influenza-pneumonia and died Nov. 17, 1918. We were unable to obtain a photo of Private Neilsen.

ANDREW NELSON. Entered the service June 24, 1918 and was sent to Camp Grant, 111., where he was assigned to Co. C, 161st Depot Brigade. After about six months' training he was taken sick with in- fluenza and pneumonia and died Dec. 7, 1918. His body was shipped to Windom and was buried in the Lakeview cemetery. Private Nelson was the son of Mr. and Mrs. Hans Nelson and was born Sept. 19, 1894. ALBERT ODEGAARD. Entered the service at Windom, Minn., May 27, 1918, and was sent to Camp Lewis, Wash., where he received training for about four weeks and then went to France with his Division. On his arrival in France he was transferred to Co. A, 363d Inf., 91st Div. If was not long until his Division was sent to the front and on the 2C)th day of September his Division was ordered to take the town of Gesnes at all costs. On September 29th his company numbered 189 men just before they went over the top at 3:40 P. M. From that time until dark they had lost over .50% of their men, but Gesnes was taken. Private Odegaard was among those killed. He was killed by a bomb dropped from a German aeroplane. He was buried in a field two kilometers southwest of Hill 288, and slightly north of Gesnes.

ERWIN R. POWELL. Son of Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Powell, was born July 12, 1890. He entered the service in the early part of 1918 and was sent to camp for training at Rapid City, . We have been unable to obtain his company number or division. In October he was taken sick with influenza and peritonitis and died October 15, 1918. The body was shipped to Windom and burial was made in Lakeview cemetery.

LELAND DYER REDDING. Son of Reverdy and Hattie Dyer Redding, was born July 11, 1899. He enlisted in the U. S. Reg. Army, in Co. F, 18th Inf., on April 27, 1917. Leland was only eighteen years old

when he enlisted ; he could not resist the call to the colors, and he with his three cousins, Mervin D. Weld of Windom, and Kenneth and Leslie Weld of Slayton, Minn., enlisted in the service together. Leland remained in school just long enough to take part in the High School play, leaving on the night train for St. Louis where he joined the other three boys. From there they were sent to F't. Douglas, New Mexico. .A few days after arriving at Ft. Douglas Private Redding was taken sick with pneumonia and died May 20, 1917. His body was shipped to Windom, Minn., accompanied by his cousin, Leslie Weld. The funeral services were held in the M. E. church May 37, 1917, just thirty days from the time he left Windom. Private Redding was the first Cottonwood County boy to die in the service in the great World War. HERBERT R. REESE. Son of Mrs. Julia Reese of Amo Township, was born Feb. 23, 1893. He entered the service at Windom, Minn., Sept. 21, 1917, and was sent to Camp Dodge, la., in Co. D, 351st Inf., 8Sth Div. On Nov. 24, 1917, he was transferred to Camp Pike, m Co, D, 346th Inf,, 87th Div., wliere he remained until about the first of June, 1918, when he went with his Division to the port of embarkation and sailed for France on June 11, 1918. After his arrival in France he was transferred to Co. I, 59th Inf., 4th Division. He saw considerable service and on Oct. 5, 1918, he was killed in action. We have been unable to get any further information.

FRANK D. TEED. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Wni. Teed of Windom, Minn. Enlisted in the service at Ft. Snelling in June, 1916, in the First Minn., and went with the First Minn, for service on the Mexican Border during the trouble with Mexico in 1916. After this was over he was home on furlough and when war was de- clared he went with the First Minn, to Camp Cody, New Mex- ico, where he remained until the time of his death, which oc- curred on Feb. 4, 1918, of pneumonia. His body was shipped to Windom and the funeral was held in the M. E. church, the Home Guards escorting the body to the Lake View cemetery where the body was buried with military honors. Corporal Teed was born in 1890.

CHARLES R. THOMAS. Private Thomas entered the service from Cottonwood County on June 24, 1918, and was sent to Camp Grant, 111., in Co. K, 342d Inf. After several months' training he was sent with his Divi- sion to France. After arriving in France he was transferred to Co. K, 55th Inf., and was soon sent to the front where he saw some real service for about two months until Nov. 5, 1918, when he was instantly killed in action, while in the support lines near the town of Th'iau-Court, France. Capt. Hill in writing his folks said that he was killed by shrapnel. Capt. Hill said that he was well liked by the boys of his Company and was always ready to do his part. Private Thomas was buried with military honors in grave No. 11, Commune of Vieville-en-Haye Depart- ment of Meurthe-et-Moselle. His name goes on the honor roll of this company as one of its heroes. BEHREND VALENTINE. Was the son of L. Valentine of Comfrey, Minn. Private Val- entine entered the service June 2.5, 1918, at Windom, and was sent to Camp Grant, 111. He was assigned to Co. E, 342d In- fantry, 86th Division. After training here for some time he was transferred to Camp Upton, N. Y., sailing for France Sept. 9, 1918, by way of England. We were unable to get any information after this except that he was killed in action on Nov. 4, 1918, and this was no doubt on the Meuse-Argonne front.

.Mm^

JENS CHRISTENSEN. We have been unable to get l)Ut little information regard- ing Mr. Christensen. He left for Camp early in the spring of 1918, and after receiving training was sent to F'rance some time in the latter part of the sunnner of 1918. He saw con- siderable service on the western front and was killed in action in the Argonne offensive shortly before the close of the war.

WILHELM UNRAU. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Heinrich Unrau of Mountain Lake, Minn. Entered the service at Windom, Minn., July 28, 1918, and was sent to Camp Dodge, Iowa, where he remained in training until the time of his death, Oct. 13, 1918, which resulted from influenza and pneumonia. Private LInrau was born on April 28, 1889.

CORNELIUS B. WIENS. Born May 13, 1893, in Cbristianna Township, Jackson Co., Minn., entered the service at Windom, Minn., June 25, 1918, and was sent to Camp Grant, 111., with the Cottonwood County contingent. He was registered in Washington, and was transferred to Cotton- wood County. He was placed in Co. L, 341st Inf., and sailed the latter part of September for France. Shortly after his arrival in France he was taken sick with pneumonia and died Oct. 12, 1918. He was buried with military honors in the Militarv Cemetery at Libourne, France, in grave No. 4:>. MAJOR NELS GUSTAV SANDELIN.

Nels Gustav Sandelin was born in Sweden on Sailing from Hoboken N. J., Sept. 7, 1917,^ for the first day of December, 1887. He came to this Le Havre, France, via Liverpool, England, arriving country with his parents when he was quite young. at an' artillery school in France. He was ordered His parents settled on a farm in Kitson County. on immediate duty with the 6th Field Artillery, First His father died when he was quite young and his Division in training area at Le Valclahon Doubs, widowed mother had a hard struggle to feed and France. On Sept. 30, 1917, he was assigned to Bat- clothe her little family. tery B, 6th F. A., and moved to the front in the Nels worked with the rest of the family and did Tunneville Sector of the Vosges front where the his bit. Owing to the financial condition young Nels first American Artillery Emplacement was built in received very little schooling, probably not attend- France. It was constructed under the direction of ing school more than seven months in all. When Major Sandelin. he was only fourteen years old he left home to Major Sandelin was appointed Regimental Supply make his own way. He worked at almost every- Officer, 6th Field Artillery, Dec. 17, 1917, promoted thing and traveled over a good portion of the to Captain F. A. June, 1918, detailed as Assistant to United States. He saw much and remembered what Division Quartermaster Aug. 1, 1918, transferred to he saw. He was a wonderful reader especially on Quartermaster Corps Sept. 2, 1918, and appointed science, history and biography. It is safe to say Division Quartermaster Oct. 28, 1918, serving as that he has read more books than many college such through the last phase of the Argonne battle graduates. Being possessed of a very retentive and march to the Rhine. He was relieved Dec. 22, memory he is a man of much knowledge and con- 1918. siderable culture, having a very keen intellect and Major Sandelin participated in the following ma- an inquiring mind. jor operations: Montdidier-Noyon Lorraine Defen- When he was seventeen he enlisted in the Regular sive, the Marne (battle of Soissons), St. Mihiel, and and served three years when he was given an Army the Argonne offensives. He entered Germany from honorable discharge. After leaving the army young Luxemburg Dec. 1, 1918, and crossed the Rhine Sandelin worked in the Iowa coal mines. Later he Dec. 14, 1918, serving in Germany until Aug. 19, went into the tiling business and finally took up 1919, sailing from Brest .A.ug. 25, 1919, and arriving tile contracting at Bingham Lake m this county. at Sept. 2, 1919. He was so engaged when the L'nited States entered the World War. Sandelin immediately offered his The Major received citation for meritorious ser- services to the Government. He entered the first vices overseas. His entire period of service was Officers' Training Camp at Fort Snelling in May, with the First Division. He was promoted to Ma- 1917, and came out a First Lieutenant of Field Ar- jor Quartermaster Corps March 3, 1919, and at the tillery August 15, 1917, and received orders for time of this publication is still in the service. He active service with orders to report at port of em- has reached the highest rank of any man who was county. barkation. Hoboken, N. J., for overseas service. in the service of this p^ r (f1) r^ o 1^ ;i^ 13 j. x. (10)—Corporal, Jeffers. Born Aug. TOHN A. ARNTSON, (i)—Mechanic. Born Dec. 2.3, 1886. JOHN C. ALBRIGHT, ' Son of Mr. and Mrs. Albright. Entered Son of Mr. and Mrs. Jacob A. Arntson, Mosjoen, Norway. 4. 1894. J. J. 19T7, in the SSth Div., Entered the service Sept. 21, 1917. in Co. D, 351st Inf.. the service Sept. 21, at Camp to the 87tli Div., 88th Div.. Camp Dodge, la. Sailed from Camp Mills for Dodge, la. Transferred Jvuie 8, 1918, and then to Di.x, N. to France. He was promoted to the rank of mechanic Oct. at Camp Pike, Ark., Camp J., Haute the 312th M. P. Dec. 17, 1918. Sailed from Brooklyn for 5, 1917. He participated in the battles of Canter 1918. was promoted to the rank ot Alsace and was in reserve during the Argonne battle. France Aug. 24, He Corporal Dec. 24, 1918. Sailed from France, Aug. 24, He was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., June 6, 1919. 1918. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., July 2, 1919.

ANDREW AARSAND, (2)— Corporal, of Storden, Minn. Born in Norway Feb. 11, 1896, son of Mr. and Mrs. K. A. ARTHUR F. ANTON, (11)— Corporal, of Windom. Son of Aarsand. Entered the service on Sept. 21. 19 17, in Co. Mr. and Mrs. F. T. Anton. Entered the service Apr. 6, C, 351st Inf., 88th Div., Camp Dodge, la. Was transferred 1917, in Co. G, 135th Inf., 34th Div., at Camp Cody, Pike, Oct. I, 1917, to Co. C, 346th Inf., 87th Div., Camp N. M. Transferred to Hq. Co. in December, 1918. Then Ark., and then to Co. G, 4th Am. Tr., 4th Div., Camp to Co. H of the 83d Division and then to Co. G of the Green, N. C, on Apr. 14, 1918. Sailed from N. \. for 40th Div. Sailed from N. Y. for France, Nov. 2, 1918, France, iVIay 22, 1918. Participated in the battles of and left there .\pr. 2, 1919. He was discharged at Camp the Vesle Sector, Aisne, Marne, St. Mihiel, and the Ar- Dodge, la., Apr. 29. 1919. gonne Forest. Was promoted to the rank of Corporal, July 16, 1918, He was discharged at Camp Grant, 111., Aug. 8, 1919. CLARENCE H. AKERLAND, (12)—Chauffeur, of Storden. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Ole Akerland. Entered the ser- in Co. A. F. Signal Bn. at Ft. Leav- Windom, Minn. vice Feb. 12, 1918, WILLIAM L. ANDERSON, (3)— Cook, ot enworth, . He sailed from N. Y. for France, Sept. of and Mrs. A. W. Ander- Born June 14, 1893, son Mr. 29, 1918, and left there May 20, 1919. Was discharged in Co. E, 344'" son. Entered the service June 25, 1918, at Camp Dodge, la., June 20, 1919. Inf., 86th Div., Camp Grant, III. Transferred to M. G. Co., J4Sth Inf., 37th Div. on Oct. 7, 1918. Sailed from N. Y. for France, Sept. :o, 1918. He participated in the and the crossing of the Escaut River, battles of Flanders STANLEY HOLTE ANONSEN, (13)—Private First Class 1918. Sailed from France March 23, 1919. Dis- Oct. 31, and Acting Sergeant, of Windom. Born July 25, 1897. Dodge, la., April 11, 1919. charged at Camp Son of Mr. and Mrs. A. E. .Anonsen. Entered the ser- vice Oct 23, 1918, in Co. 13, 2d Ret. Bat. Eng. at Camp Forrest, Ga. Transferre

<.-L.\RENCE ALFRED ALBERTSON, (5)—Private, of Westbrook. Born Nov. 25, 1891. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Halvor Albertson. Entered the service June 25, 1918, in OSCAR ABRAH.VMSOX. (15 1— Corporal, of Windom. Born the i6ist Depot Brigade at Camp Grant, 111. Transferred Apr. 15, 1892. Son of Mr. and Mrs. P. Abrahamson, of to Co. F, 341st Inf., S6th Div., Camp Grant, 111. Sailed Copenhagen, Denmark. Entered the service Sept. 22, from N. Y. for France Sept. o, 1918. He was then 1917, in Co. C, 351st Inf.. 88th Div. at Camp Dodge, la. transferred to Co. I, 353d Inf., 89th Div. He took part He sailed from N. Y. for France and was in the battle of in the Meuse-Argonne Drive. And was wounded there on Center Haute, Alsace. Was promoted to the rank of Nov. 3, 1918. Sailed from France May 15, 1919. And Corporal, Nov. 2j, 1917. He was discharged at Camp was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., on May 31, 1919. Dodge, Iowa., June 6, 19T9.

(6)— Private, of Windom. Born BERT L. ANDERSON, DENNIE AUNE, (16I — Sergeant, of Windom. Born Sept. 1890. Son of Mr. and Mrs. L. Anderson. En- Mar. 25, rS, 1893. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Peter Aune. Entered tered the service May 2, 1918, in Co. F, S3d U. S. Inf., the service on Apr. 8, 1918, in io6th Ord. Depot Co. at Div. Wadsworth. Sailed from N. Y. for France 6th Camp Camp Jackson. S. C. He was promoted to the rank of where he took part in the battles of the Vosges Sec. and Sgt. Aug. 4, 1918. He was discharged at Camp Dodge, the Meuse-Argonne drive. Left France June s, 19:9, la., July 29, 1919. and was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., on June 21, 1919.

EARLE CHAUWICK ANXES, (7)—Lieutenant F. A. WALDO ANONSEN. (17) —Private, of Windom. Born School of Fire, of Windom. Son of Mr. and Mrs. A. W . .Aug. 16, 1899. Son of Mr. and Mrs. A. E. Anonsen Annes. Entered the service on Dec. 15, 1917, and as Entered the service Oct. 11, 1918, in Co. 5, 2d Regiment. and joined the his regiment was disbanded he re-enlisted S. A. T. C LTniversity of Minnesota. And was dis- Field Artillery at Camp Custer. He was commissioned charged Dec. 17, 1918, at Minneapolis, Minn. a Second Lieutenant Aug. 25, :9i8, and transferred to Camp Funston wliere he trained under Gen. Wood. He was discharged at Ft. Sill, Okla., Dec. 17, 1918. M,\URICE P. ANDERSON, (18) —Musician, First Class, of Lamberton. Born Feb. 17. 1892. Son of Mr. and Mrs. C. H. Anderson. Entered the service in Sousa's Band. N. ANDERSON, (8) Private, of Walnut Grove. GUNNER — Dec. 15, 1917. Then at the Great Lakes. He was dis- of Mr. and Mrs. Chas. Anderson. Entered the ser- Son charged at Great Lakes, 111., March s, 1919. vice Feb. 27, 1918, in Hq. Co., 352d Inf., 88th Div., Camp Dodge, la. Transferred to the 32d Eng. Mar. 24, 19 18, at Camp Grant, III. Sailed from N. Y. for France 15, 1918, and left there June 7, 1919. He was of Windom. Born June JACOB J. BALZER, (19)—Private, discharged at Camp Dodge, la., June 30, 1919. March 23, 1894. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Jac. H. Balzer. Entered the service Tulv 23, 1918, in Med. Det. 4th Pi- to oneer Inf., at Camp Wadsworth, S. C. Transferred Pioneer Inf., Aug. 20, 1918. He was dis- JETER A. ANDERSON, (9) — Sergeant, of Storden, Minn. Med. Det. 5th charged at Camp Grant, 111., Jan. 10, 1919. Born July 4, 1892. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Andres Ander- son. Entered the service in February, 1918, in Bat. A., 339th Field Art. at Camp Dodge, la. Later transferred Eng. at the American University. Pro- to Co. D, 43d BRADY, (20)— Sergeant, of Windom, Minn. moted to the rank of Corporal May 16, 1918, and to the WILLI.AM Entered the service in 1918 and was sent to Camp Futis- rank of Sergeant, May 5, 1919. Sailed from N. Y. ton and was transferred to a camp in , where he for France May 21, 1918. He was discharged at Camp remained until the close of the war. Dodge, la., June 23, 1919.

FENTON F. BORST. (i)— First Lieutenant, Windom. Born ROY BEHERNS, (lO— Private, Jeffers, Minn. Born Aug. Mar. 29, 1890. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Wilson Borst. En- 19, 1900. Son of Mr. and Mrs. A. E. Beherns. Entered tered the service May 15, 1917, in the nth Training the service on May 10, 1918, in Bat. A, 74th Reg. of Camp, Ft. Snelling. Transferred June. 1917, to Ft. Art. at Ft. Totten, N. Y. Later transferred to Ft. Monroe. He was commissioned a First Lieutenant Aug. Schuyler. Sailed from Newport News, Va., and left 15, 1917. Sailed from N. Y. for France Sept. 12, 1917. France Dec. 23, 1918. He was discharged at Camp Dodge, He saw service on the Champaign Front, where he was la., Jan. 28, 1919. shell-shocked and was sent home Oct. 20, 1918. Lie was discharged at Cape May, N. J., Dec. 31, 1918.

HF.NRY A. BARTSCJl, ( 12)—Private, Bingham Lake. Born Dec. 30, 1895. ^on of Mr. and Mrs. H. H. Bartsch. Entered the service on Aug. 28, 19 18 at Camp Dodge, NELSON' J. BELL, (2)—Private First Class, Windom. Later on, Sept. 10, 1918, he was transferred to the Born Aug. 30, 1889. Son of Mr. and Mrs. John Bell. la. Corps. was discharged at Camp Grant, 111., Entered the service on Jan. 23, igi8, in Co. M. 6th Inf., Q. M. He Sth Div. at Camp Greene. Sailed from Hoboken for Mar. 25, 1919. France March 13, 1918. He was gassed in the Argonne Drive on Oct. 13, 1918. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., Apr. 5, 1919. ALBERT E. BEAN, (13)—Corporal, Westbrook. Born May 16, 1S92. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Christie Bean. Entered the service on Dec. 14, 1917 at Mason City, la., C. A. C. Trained at Ft. Baker, Cal. Transferred May 10, igi8 WALTER BELL, (3)—Private, Windom. Son of Mr. and to Ft. Winfield Scott, Cal. Sailed from Hoboken for Mrs. John Bell of Windom. Entered the service on Feb. France, June 28, 1918. Participated in the battles of 16. 1918, in Co. M, 6ist Inf., 5th Div. at Camp Greene. Aisne-Marne, St. Mihiel, Meuse-Argonne. Was promoted Sailed from Camp Merritt for France Apr. 17, 1918. He to the rank of Corporal Nov. 24, 1918. Left France was wounded during the Meuse-Argonne Drive on Nov. Mar. 24, 1919. He was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., 191S. Participated in the battles 5, of St. Mihiel and Apr. 22, 1919. Meuse-Argonne. He spent two weeks in the trenches in Alsace-Lorraine. Sailed from France, June 22, 1919, and was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., July 11, 1919. ARCH L. BOLLES, (14)—Seaman, Westbrook. Born Nov. 9. 1892. Son of Mr. and Mrs. John Bolles. Entered the service on Aug. 13, 1917 in the U. S. Navy at Norfolk. Private, WILLIAM BELL, (4)— Windom. Son of Mr. and Va. Transferred Jan. i, 1918 to U. S. S. Cyclops. Mrs. Bell John of Windom. Born Oct. 22, 1896. En- Later to the U. S. S. Pittsburgh and then to the Brook- tered the service Dec. on 3. 19 17, in Co. K. 23rd Eng., lyn Armed Guard. Promoted to the grade of 2d Class an Independent Unit. Sailed from Hoboken for France Seaman, Oct. s, 1917. and to the rank of Seaman, Sept. where he participated in the Meuse-j\rgonne Drive. Left 20, 1918. He was discharged at N. Y. June 28, 1919. France June i. 1919. He was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., June 20, 1919.

FRANK M. BECKER, ( 15)— Private, Dundee. Born in 1893. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Nick Becker. Entered the MILTON H. BORST, (5)— Sergeant, Windom. Son of service Sept. 21, 1917 in Co. B, 351st Inf. at Camp Dodge. Mr. and Mrs. Wilson Borst. Entered the service Apr. la. Transferred to Co. A, 135th Inf. at Camp Cody, Nov. 28, 1918, Hq. Co., 3o2d Battalion of Heavy Tanks at I, 1917, and on June 15, 1918 went overseas with the Gettysburg, Pa. He was promoted to the rank of First June Replacement. July 23, 1918 he joined the 42d Rain- Class Private July 15, 19 18, and to the rank of sergeant bow Div. then in France. He sailed from France on Aug. IS, 1919. He was discharged at Camp Dix, N. Y., March 8, 1919 and was discharged at Camp Dodge, la.. Dec. 13, 1919. Mar. 30, 1919.

H. BRINK, ( JOSEPH BIGBEE, (6)— Private, Windom. Son of Mr. JOHN 16)—Corporal. Son of Mr. and Mrs. John Brink. Entered the service on and Mrs. J. S. Bigbee of Sandborn, la. Entered the ser- Dec. 15, 1917 in the 131st Aero Squadron at Taylor Field. vice on July 13, 1917, in Co. F, 2d Minn. Inf. at Worth- Transferred to Camp Sevier, S. C. on Feb. ington, Minn. Later was transferred to Co. F, 136th 2, 1918, and then to Taylor Field again on Mar. 1918. Inf. at Camp Cody, N. Mex. Sailed from Hoboken' for 17, He was promoted to the rank of Corporal, Mar. France June^ 28, 1918. Was in action on the Verdun 7, 1919. Was discharged at Taylor Field, Ala., Mar. 20, Front from Sept. 26 to Nov. 11, 1918. He was promoted 1919. to the grade of wagoner Oct. 5, 19 18. Left France Aug. 25, 1919. He was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., Sept. 26. 1919. LAWRENCE P. BERG, (17)—Fireman, Westbrook. Born Dec. 5, 1896. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Peter Berg. Entered the service on June 28, 1918 in the U. S. Navy at the Great Lakes, 111. Transferred to the U. S. S. Connecti- DUDLEY BR.\DY, (7)— Private, Windom. Son of Mr. cut on Aug. 7, 1918 and then to the U. S. S. Princess and Mrs. P. Brady of Windom. Entered the service Oct. Matoika on June 29, 1919. He was discharged at Minne- 23, 1918, in the 13th Prov. Rect. Co. 2d Bn. Eng. at apolis, Minn., Sept. 15, 1919. Camp Forrest, Ga.

PETER W. B.VLZER, ( 18)— Private, ist Class, Bingham EUGENE L. BARLOW. First (8)— C. P. O., Windom. Lake. Born Apr. 29. 1896. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Peter Son of Mr. and Mrs. Barlow of Windom. Entered H. Balzar. Entered the service on Feb. 23, 1918 in Bat. the service on June 6, 1918 at Puget Sound. Transferred A, 339th Field Artillery. Transferred to Camp Utilities Nov. 26, 1918 to U. S. S. Eastern Shore N. O. T. S. Q. M. C. He was discharged at Camp Dodge, la.. May 7, Transferred to U. S. S. Tci. L. Doheny, N. O. T. S. Was 1919. promoted to the grade of Bkr. 2d Class Nov. i, 1918 and Dec. I, 1918 to the grade of Bkr. ist Class. Barlow vis- ited such ports as Balboa, Panama, Gibraltar, Spain, Con- stanza, Roumania, Constantinople, Turkey, Plymouth. HENRY L. BUSSWITZ, (19)— Private, Westbrook. Born Eng.; Brest, France; Colon, Panama; Guantanamo Bay, Aug. 11, 1895. Son of Mr. and Mrs. M. Busswitz. En- Cuba; Glasgow, Scotland. tered the service on Feb. 22, 1918 in Co. E, 313th Sup- ply Tr., 88th Div. at Camp Dodge. la. Trained at Camp Dodge. la. Transferred to Co. B, 110th M. P. 35th Div., Donaphin, Okla., and then to Co. L, 138th Inf., JOHN BOERS. (9)—Private, Westbrook, Minn. Born Jan. 35th Div., then in France. Participated in the battles at 31, 1894. Son of Mr. and Mrs. A. Boers. Entered the the Vosges Mts. ; St. Mihiel; Sommedein; Meuse-Argonne service on Sept. 21, 1917, in Co. B, 166th Inf. of the Drive. He was discharged at Camp Grant, 111., May 13, 42d "Rainbow" Div., then at Camp Dodge, la. Trans- 1919. ferred to Camp Cody, N. Mex., June 15, 1918, then to Camp Marritan, N. J. Sailed from N. Y. for France. He left France on May 13, 1919. He was discharged at Camp Dodge, la. JACOB EAKKE, (20)— Private, Storden. Born July 26, 1897- Son of Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Bakke. Entered the service on Dec. 17, 1917 in the 351st Inf., 88th Div., Camp Dodge, la. Transferred to Bat. C, 304th Art. HALFTON MANUEL BJERKE, do)— Private, Tracy. Son Field Artillery Camp Devens, Mass. Sailed from N. Y. of O. J. Bjerke. Entered the service Aug. 28, 1918 in for France the 77th Div. He participated in the battles the i6ist Depot Brigade at Camp Grant, 111. Not being of Baccarat Sector, Chateau-Thierry, Aisne Off., V^esle able to pass the examination he was not sent across. He Sector, Meuse-.Argonne. .Sailed from France Apr. 20, was discharged at Camp Grant, 111., on Aug. 31, 19:8. 1919. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., May 17, 1919.

Wadsworth. He sailed from X. V. July 6, 1918. (i)— Keg. Supply Sergeant, Wmdom. at Camp CLARK BEISE, active service on such places as the Vosges Mts.. Son of Dr. and Mrs. Beise of Win- Saw Born Oct. 13, 1897- Robinson's Sec. Meuse-Argonne. Was discharged at dom. Entered the service on Apr. 17, i9i7 m the Supply Transferred to Sup- Camp Dodge, la., June 21, 1919- Co ist Minn. Inf. at Ft. Snelliug. i9i7- ply Co., 135th Inf. at Camp Cody. N. Mex., Oct. 5. Sailed from Hoboken for France Oct. 13. 191S. He was the promoted to the rank of wagoner May i, 1917 and to Inance rank of Reg. Sup. Sgt. Nov. 9. iQi?- Sailed from WALTER L BARC.EK, (11)—A. S. C. 3, Mountain Lake. A. I. July 23, 1919 and was discharged at Camp Dix, J., Born Oct. 17, 1897. Son of Mr. and Mrs. I. Bargen.^ at the University of Aug. 5. 1919- Entered the service on Oct. i, 1918, Minnesota, Naval Unit. He was discharged at Minneapolis on Dec. 20, 1918. Mr. CARL E. BATES, {2)—Corporal, Windom. Son of and Mrs. Wm. Bates of Windom. Entered the service Sailed on May 16, 1917 at Jefferson Barracks, . battles (12) Private, Westbrook. Born in Hay- for France Tune 17, 1917. He participated in the GEO. B. CASE, — Mrs. Frank Case. Entered of the Luneville Sec, Toul, Cantigny, Sazerais, Mt. ward, Wis. Son of Mr. and Co. B, i^iith M. P. at Cam]) Didier-Noyan, Aisne-Marne, St. Mihiel and Meuse-Ar- the service May 28, 191S in gonne. Was also in the Army of Occupation from Dec. Grant, 111. Sailed from N. Y. Sept. 17, 1918 and left 18, to Aug. 18, 1919. He was discharged at Camp Grant, France on Oct. 4, 1919. He was discharged at Camp III., Sept. 27, 1919- Dix, N. J., Oct. 10, 1919.

HARLEY M. BATES, (3) —Private, Windom. Born Feb. the WILLIAM E. COMNICK, (13)— S. C. First Class, West- 9, 1893. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Wra. Bates. Entered brook. Born ]\Iar. 14. 1896. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Gott- service on May 27, 1917 at Ft. Sam Houston, Texas. lieb Comnick. Entered the service on Apr. 2j, 191S. in Later transferred to San Antonio, Texas, and then on the U. S. Navy at Dun woody Inst., Minneapolis. Trans- July 18, 1918 to the i8th Div. at Camp Traverse. He was ferred to Navy Yards at Philadelphia on June 26, 19 18, discharged here on Jan. 13, 1919- then to Pauillac, France on board the ship "Kaiserine Augusta Victoria." Was stationed at the tl. S. Naval Aviation Station while at Pauillac. He was discharged Minneapolis, !Minn.. Aug. LEONARD L. BAKER, (4) —Corporal, Windom. Born Nov. at 26, 19 19. 26, 1895. Son of Henry P. Baker of Jeffers. Entered the service on Sept. 27, 191 7 at Ft. Leavenworth, Kan. Transferred to Co. C, 10, Field Sig. Bn. 7th Div. Reg. Army. Sailed from Hoboken for France Aug. 18, 1918. HARRV HARRISON r.XRTER. (14)—Private. Jeffers. battles of Puvenell Sector, Oct. 10 He participated in the Born Mar. 8, 1895. Son of Mr. and Mrs. S. L. Carter. 19 to Nov. II, 19 1 8. Sailed from France on June 17, 19. Entered the service on Oct. 23, 19 18 in the 163d Dep. He w^as discharged at Camp Dix, N. J., July 2, 1919. Brig, at Camp Cody, N. Mex. Later transferred to Camp Dodge, la. He was discharged tliere on Dec. 13, 1918.

Lake. DAVE J. BEIER, (5)—Private First Class. Mt. Born Nov. 27, 1894. Son of Mv. and Mrs. John Beier. Entered the service on May 27, 1918, in Co. L, ^62d ERWIN L. CAREY, {i5)^Sergeant, First Class. Born Nov. Inf., 91st Div. at Camp Lewis. Wash. Sailed from N. Y. 26, 1895. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Ralph Carey, Sr. En- for France, July 5, 1918. Participated in the battles tered the service on Dec 9, 1917 in 829th Aero Squad- of the Meuse-Argonne, Lys-Scheldt, St. Mihiel. Wound- ron attached to the 2d Div. at Camp Custer, Mich. Trans- ed in the battle of the Meuse-Argonne Sept. 29, 1918. ferred to Selfride Field, Mich., Mar. 20, 19 18 and to Left France on Apr. 13. 1919. Discharged at Camp Hazelhurst Field, Aug. 17, 1918. Sailed from N. Y. Dodge, la., Apr. 28, 1919. Sept. I, 1918, and left France on Aug. 26, 1919. He was discharged at Camp Dix, N. J., Sept. i6. 1919.

REXFORD D. BRUBACHER. (6)— C. M. 2d Class, Win- Born Mar. 29, 1897. Son of Mr. and Mrs. J. D. dom. ZIXA B. CHATFIELD. (i6)^Private. Minneapolis. Born Brubacher. Entered the service on May 6. 1918 at the Aug. 1899. Son of Mr. and Mrs. R. O. Chatfield. Dunwoody Tr. Sc, Minneapolis. Transferred to Phila- 5, Entered the service on Oct. 24, 19 18 at Kelly Field in delphia Tuly 3, 1918, and then to Miami. Fla., Aug, Co, 5, Sec. Wing. He was stationed here until he was 28, 1918! Promoted to the rank of C. M. (a) 2d CI., sent to Camp Dodge, la., where he was discharged June 3, 19 18. He was discharged at Miami, Fla., on July 12, 1919. Jan. 30, 1919.

ROY E. BOWDEN, (7)—Corporal, Windom. Born Sept. HUGH CURLEY, (17)—Private, Mountain Lake. Born II, 1896. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Wm. Bowden of Win- June II, 1893. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Curley. dom. Entered the service on Apr. 16, 191 7. in Co. G, Entered the service on Feb. 33, 1918 in Battery A, Field ist Minn. Inf. at Ft. Snelling. Transferred to Co. G, Art., 88th Div. at Camp Dodge. la. Later transferred 135th Inf., at Camp Cody, X'. Mex. He was promoted to to Camp Grant. 111. Sailed from N. Y. for France and the rank of Corporal Jan. 28, 1918. Sailed from N. Y. for left there on May 29, 1919- Was discharged at Camp France on Oct. 12, 1918. He was discharged at Camp Grant, 111., June 29, 1919. Dodge, la.. May 14. 1919-

ROBERT COOK, (18)—Private, Jeffers. Born June 28. BYRON BERRY. (8)— Sergeant, Windom. Born Mar. 20. 1S90. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Dewain Cook. Entered the 1894. Son of Mr. and Mrs. E. E. Berry. Entered the service on Apr. 29, 1918 in Co. K, 349th Inf. of the 88th service on Sept. 21. 191 7 in Co. B. 351st Inf. at Camp Div. at Camp Dodge. la. Transferred to Co. E, 34th Dodge. la. Transferred to Inf. Candidate School at Inf., 7th Div. at Camp McArthur on July 18, 1918. Sailed De La Valbourns. France, on Oct. 4, 1918. Then to from N. Y. for France Aug. 17, igi8. Participated in the Le ]\ians Casual Co., Feb. 6, 19 19. He was promoted battles of St. Mihiel. He left France on June 11, 1919 to the rank of Corporal, Nov. 9, 19 17 and to the rank and was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., June 26, 1919. of Sgt., July 1, 1918. Was discharged at Camp Grant, III., on Mar. 17, 1919-

PALTL W. CASE, (19) —Second Lieutenant, Mountain Lake. Born Jan. 5, 1890. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Frank Case. OSCAR A. BLOM. (9)— Private, Comfrey. Born July 13, Entered the service on Aug. 30, 19 17 in the Aviation at 1 89 1. Son of Mr. and Mrs. C. A. Blom. Entered the Berkeley. Cal. Transferred to 8th Aero Squadron, Ourches, service on Apr. 29, 1918 in the 88th Div. at Camp Dodge, France, Sept. 5, 19 18. He participated in the drive at la. Sailed from N. Y. for France on June 19, 1918. St. Mihiel. Was discharged at Mitchell Field. Long Elom participated in the battles of St. Mihiel, Meuse- Island, May 5, 1919- Argonne. Left France on May 27, 19:9. He was dis- charged at Camp Dodge, la., on June 14, 1919.

LOWELL WALTER CRANE, (20)—Private, Windom. j\LBIN W. BLOM, (10)—Private, Comfrey. Born Sept. Born Sept. 12. 1893. Son of Mr. and Mrs. J. A. Crane 25, 1895. Son of Mr. and Mrs. C. A. Blom. Entered the of Windom. Entered the service on Oct. 27. 1919, in Co. service on May 2. 19 18 in the Mg. Co. of the -th Div. B, Gen Hosp. Nu. 26, at Ft. Des Moines, la.

,

BURDETT E. COOK, (i)— Sergeant. Windom. Born Oct. FRANK CURLEV, (10)— Sergeant. Mountain Lake. Son Mrs. Curley. Entered the service I, 1893. Son of Mr. and Mrs. W. A. Cook. Entered the of Mr. and Thomas Sept. 21, 1 9 7 in Co. D, 5 1 st Inf. at Dodge, service on Apr. 21, 1917 in Co. G, 1st Minn. Inf. at Ft. on 1 3 Camp Snelling. Later transferred to Co. G, 135th Inf.. at la. He sailed from U. S. Aug. 16, 1918. Was pro- Camp Cody. N. Mex. Sailed to France Oct. 14. 1918 moted to the rank of Corporal July i , 1 9 1 8 and to tne and left there on Apr. i, igiQ- While at Camp Cody he rank of Sgt., May 17, 1919- Participated in the battles was one of eighteen escorts for two French Captains who of Haute-Alsace, Oct. 11, 1918, to Oct. 27, 1919. He was were killed there in an auto accident. He was promoted discharged at Camp Dodge, la., June 6, 1919- to the rank of Sgt. May 11, 19 18. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., Apr. 21, 1919-

FRANCIS A. CARROLL, f 11)—Corporal. Teffers. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Wm. Carroll. Born Dec. 7, 1888. Entered the service on May 27, 1918, Co. 5, 154th Depot Brig.. RICHARD COOK, (2)—Second Lieutenant. Windom. Son Camp Meade, Md. Was promoted to the rank of Cor- of Mr. and Mrs. W. A. Cook of Windom. He entered poral Aug. 8, 1918. Discharged at Camp Meade, Md., Feb. the service on Apr. 7. 1918 in the Coast Artillery at Ft. 1919- Totten, N. Y., and was later transferred to Ft. Monroe, 13. Va., to the Coast Art. School there. He was promoted to the rank of ist Sgt. July 6, 1918 and was given ^a commission on Nov. i, 1918. He was discharged at Ft. Windom. Monroe, Va., Nov. 29, 1918. GEORGE W. CHRISTENSON, (12)—Private, Born Aug. 28, 1896. Son of Mr. and Mrs. C. Christen- son. Entered the service on Oct. 23, 1918, in Co. F. Trained at Camp Cody, N. Mex. Later transferred to the Base Hospital. He was discharged at Camp Cody. 22, O. L. CODER, (3)— Electrician, Windom. Born Dec. N. Mex., Dec. 22, 1918. 1892. Son of Mr. and Mrs. C. C. Coder. Entered the service on Dec. 10, 19 17, in the U. S. Navy at Newport, L. I. Transferred to Brooklyn Naval Yards Feb. 7, 1918, and then on June 28, 1918 to the Naval Base. Va. On GEO. D. CLINE, (13)—First Sergeant. Jeffers. Born at Nov. 28 to C. & O. Pier No. 10 Newport News, Va. Rudd, la. Son of Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Cline. Entered Was promoted to the rank of third class Petty Officer, the service on June 25, 1918, in Co. 20, 5th Tr. Bn., Electrician, Nov. 9, 19 18. and then Mar. i, 1919 to Camp Grant, 111. Was promoted to the rank of Cor- second class Petty Officer. He was discharged at the poral, Aug. 1, 1918, and to the rank of Sgt. Sept. i, Naval Base at Hampton Roads, Xa., Apr. 2, 19 19. 19 18, then to the rank of ist Sgt. Nov. 1, 19 18. Was discharged at Camp Grant, 111.. Feb. 17, 1919-

:. CARBINE, {4)— Sergeant, Windom. Born Aug. 17. J. WILAN S. DREWERY, (14)— Private. Windom. Born 1892. Son of Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Carbine. Entered the Nov. I, 1896. Son of Mr. and Mrs. W. B. Drewery of service on Apr. 8. 19 18 at the LTniversity of Cincinnati. Windom. Entered the service May 23, 19 18, 107 Qm. Bn. Later transferred to Camp Jackson in Co. A, 12th Reg, Paris Island. Worked there on the rifle range. Dis- Was promoted to the rank of Sgt. Oct. 12, 1918. Dis- charged at Paris Island, Jan. 30. 1919- charged at Camp Grant, 111., Jan. 11, 1918.

FKED A. DRESSLER, (15)—Britt, la. Entered the ser- WALTER M. COWEN, (5)— Private, Windom. Son of vice June 24, 1918, sent to Camp Grant, 111. Transferred Mr. and Mrs. Robert Cowan of Windom. Entered the to Camp Upton, N. Y., Aug. 20, 1918. Sailed for France to service on Jan. 23, 1918 in the Med. Dept. 6ist Itif., 5th Sept. 9. 1918, with the 86th Div. Then transferred Div. Participated in the St. Mihiel. Div. at Camp Greene. N. C. Sailed from Hoboken, X. J., Co. I, 56th Inf., 7th for France and left there on July 13, 1919. He partici Prany River. Meuse-Argonne. He was cited for gallant pated in the battles on the St. Mihiel and Meuse-Argonne. action at Prany Ridge, by bringing in the body of one Was discharged at Camp Dodge, Xa., July 28, 1919. of his comrades under heavy machine gun fire. Sailed from Brest, France June 16. 1919- Landed at Camp Stuart, Va. Discharged at Camp Grant, 111., July 8, 1919-

ORVIN A. CHRISTENSON. (6)—Private, Windom. Son of Mr. and Mrs. O. L. Christenson. Entered the service on ilERLE L. DEWEY, (16)— Private First Class, Jeffers. June 25, 1918 in Co. E. 342d Inf., 86th Div.. Camp Grant. Son of Mr. and Mrs. F. D. Dewey of Jeffers. Entered 111. Sailed from N. Y. for France on Sept. 8, 1918. the service Feb. 23. 1918 in the 339th Field Art. at Camp Was then transferred to the third Priv. Reg. Le Mans Dodge, la. Transferred to Camp Devens, Mass., Mar. Aera. Sailed from France on Aug. 18, 1919. Discharged 20, 1918. Sailed from N. Y. July i, 1918. He was then at Camp Dodge, la., Sept. 6, 1919. with the 33d K^ngineers. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., July 7, 1919.

FRED C. CARPENTER. (7)— First Sergeant, Windom. Born Oct. 26. 1887. Son of Mr. and Mrs. F. J. Car- FINER DAMN, (17)—Corporal, Windom. Born Jan. 11, penter of Windom. Entered the service on July 24, 1918, 1897. Son of Mr. and Mrs. M. C. Damn. Entered the in Co. H, 56th Pioneer Inf., Camp Wadsworth. Trans- service May 17, 1918, in Co. 71, 7th Marines at Mare Is- ferred Aug. 23, 1918, to Co. E, 55th Pioneer Inf., Oct. land, . Promoted to ihe rank of Corporal in 20, 1918, 331st Inf., 83d Div. and Dec. 8, 1918 to 268th October. 19 18. Spent 20 months in Cuba. Discharged in P. W. E. Co. A. S. C, Camp Malicorn, France. Was Philadelphia, May 31, 19 19. promoted to the rank of Sgt. Sept. 4, 1918 and to the rank of :st Sgt. Dec. 8, 19 18. He was discharged at Camp Lee, W. Va., June 10, 19 19. He was sent home E. Private, Windom. Born Feb. on special discharge on account of his father's ill health. FRANK DEVLIN, (18)— 24, 1890. Son of Mr. and Mrs. James Devlin of Win- dom. Entered the service May 3, 1918 in the Tank Corps at Gettysburg, Pa. Sailed from X. V. Aug. 29. 19 18. He sailed from France Feb. 26, 19 19. Was dis- ROBERT FRANK COWAN, (8>—Private. First Class, Win- charged at Camp Grant, 111., Apr, 11, 19 19. dom. Born Dec. S. 1891. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Hector Cowan. Entered the service on Jan. 23, 1918, in Co. — 6 1 St Inf., 5th Div., Camp Greene, N. C. Sailed from Hoboken, N. for France J. Apr. 12, 1918. He was wound- WALTER DAMN, (19)—Sergeant. Windom, Minn. Son ed in the battle of the Meuse-Argonne on Nov. 4. 1918. of Mr. and Mrs. M. C. Damn. Entered the service May He participated in the battles of St. Mihiel, Meuse-Ar- 17, 1917, in Co. 71, 7th Reg. Marine Corps and trained at gonne. Sailed from France on Mar. i, 19 and 19, was Mare Island. Cal. Later was sent to Cuba where he discharged at Camp Grant, III., Aug. 13, 19 19. spent twenty months, after which he was sent back to the LTnited States and received his discharge in the fall of 1919. We are unable to find out where or when he was discharged. VERNON A. CROFT, (9)—Yeoman S-2-C. Windom. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Fergus Croft. Born Oct. 15, 1899. Entered the service on June 7, 1918 in the District Detail office. Boston. Mass, Transferred Sept. 23. 1Q18 to ABR. B. DICK, (20) — Private, Mountain Lake. Born Apr. U. S. S. . Promoted to the rank of seaman 25, 1895. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Peter Dick. Entered Aug. I, 1918 and to the rank of Y-2-C Oct. i, 1918. the service on Apr. 29, 1918 in Co. H. 349th Inf., Camp Sailed from Boston for France on Sept. 27, 1918. Was Dodge, la. He was discharged at Camp Dodge. la., Apr. discharged at Great Lakes, Jan. 27, 19 19. 22, 1919. Vlh^ ^ttli! '?"^*ti3 ,KX^vi^ ^liu It 1 P. ERICKSON, (12)— Sergeant, Westbrook. WALLACE R. DEITCHMAN, (i)—First Class Petty Offi- ARTHUR Feh. 27, 1895. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Albert Erick- cer, Windom, Minn. Born Oct. 3, 1897. Son of Mr. Born on Sept. in Co. B, and Mrs. Erdman Deitcliman. Entered the service July son. Entered the service 2n 1917. Inf., 88th Div. at Camp Dodge, la. Transferred to II, 1918, in Co. G, 5th Regiment, 1st Div. at the Great 351st Inf., 87th Div., Camp Pike, Ark. Sailed Lakes Naval Station. Transferred to C. H. Aug. 7, 1918. Co. H, 346th Aug. 1918. Was promoted to the rank Then Aug. 11 to Philadelphia, and on Aug. 17 to A'. Y. for France 23, Tan. 1918 and to the rank of Sgt. Apr. City. Sailed for England, went to France and then on of Corporal 25, was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., Apr. March 17, 1919 sailed for N. Y. Was promoted to the 20, :9i8. He rank of ist CI. Petty Officer July 12. 1918. He was dis- 17, 1919- charged at Norfolk, Va., Apr. .1, 1919.

ELLINGSON, (13)—Private, Lamberton. Son of Win- EMIL HENRY C. DEITCHMAN, (2)— Private First Class. Mr. and Mrs. Filing L. Ellingson. Entered the service Son of Mr. and Mrs. Erdman Wadsvvorth, dom. Born J'une 12, 1894. May 2, 1918 in the Supply Tr. Co. C. at Camp 1918 in the partici- Deitchman. Entered the service May 25, S. C. Sailed from U. S. July 14. I9i8. He Lewis, Wash. the Supply Co., 362d Inf.. 91st Div. at Camp pated in the battles around Guardmer Sector, and In France he participated in the battles on the St. Mihiel Meuse-.-\rgonne. Left France June 10, 1919, and was dis- discharged at Camp and the Meuse-Argonne. He was charged at Camp Grant, 111., July 3, 1919- Dodge, la., May i, 1919.

Lambcr- EMIL DANIELSON, (3)— Private, Windom. Born June 2, SIDNEY A M. ENGESWICK, (14)— Corporal, Mrs. John .\. 1891. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Engebret Danielson. En- toA. Born Aug. 23, 1895. Son of Mr. and 39i7 the 161st tered the service May 17, 1918 in the 14th Construction Engeswick. Entered the service Dec. 5. m Mar l to Co. at Camp Sevier. Sailed from N. Y. Aug. 3. 1918 and Depot Brig, at Camp Grant, 111. Transferred to Waco, Texas, left France Dec. 1, 1919. He was discharged at Camp Kellv Field, Texas, and Mar. 25, 1918 Charlotte, l\ C. Dodge, la., Dec. 28, 1919. then May 28, 1918 to Camp Greene, . he served Sailed the latter part of July for France where when he sailed for in the A E. F. until Nov. 25, 1918. Dodge, la., the U. S. again. Was discharged at Camp .\ug. EL.-\I M. EGGE. (4) —Private, Windom. Born 31. Dec. 23, 1918. 1896. Son of Mr. and Mrs. ToUef Egge. Entered the service Feb. 18, 1918 in Medical Co. Was later trans- ferre— Private, Windom. Born May the 33th Div. Sailed from N. Y. July 18, 1918. Served WILLIAM Entered Son of Mr. and Mrs. Frank Engel. in France driving an ambulance. He left France May ,0 1897. Transport Corps serv-ice .-\ug. 24, 1918 in the Motor 16, 1919. Discharged at Camp Dodge, la., June 21, 1919. fh^ Training School Unit ,0! Trained at the Indianapolis there in the Sailed for France Oct. 28, 19.8. Served He was dis- M T C and left there Sept. 10, 1919. la., Sept. 23, 1919- L. S. ELLIFRITZ, (si— Private First Class, Windom. Born charged at CamT Dodge, Feb. 28, 1894. Son of Mr. and Mrs. S. B. Ellifritz. Entered the service June 25, 1918 in 20th Co., i6ist Inf. at Camp Grant. 111. Later transferred to Co. E, 342d Inf., 86th Div. Then Sept. 28, 1918 to Hij. Co., 7th Div. ENGEN, (16)—Private. Sanborn. Sou of Mr sailed from Hoboken for France and participated in HFLMAR T. .B^"^^^ He Mrs. Andrew Engen. Entered the service '" engagements around the Puniville Sector. Sailed from ancl Sailed for the F i4h Field Artillery at Camp Dodge, la. France May i6, 1919. Discharged at Camp Dodge, la., ' I9i9- He was France \pr 24, 1918. Left there July 30, June 2$, 1919- iQiQ- discharged at Camp Dodge, la., .\ug. 14.

OLE CHRISTIAN ERICKSON, (6)— Private. Westbrook. Windom. Born Born May 30, 1899. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Halgrim Erick- ( 17)—Corporal, DFLBURT W. ELNESS. of Entered the service Oct. 23, 1918 in Co. B, Sig. Bn. and Mrs. Andrew EUiess son. Feb 3 iSoV. Son of Mr. CO; I • g7th Inf. at Camp Cody, N. Mex. He was discharged the ^"vice July '5. .917. i" Windom. Entered tians at Camp Dodge, la., Dec. 13, 1918. Worthington. Minn. Later 'd Minn. Inf., then at on Codv, N. Mex. Transferred ^^^am ierred to Ca™ Bouiges, 1918 to Central Records Office at Mar 17 Was pro- France He sailed for France Oct. 13, 1918. E. ESSIG, (7)— Private, Sanborn. Born May 19, Class Aug 1 .917, EDWIN nged to the rank of Private First 1888. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Essig. Entered the i9 8- Sailed for and to the rank of Corporal Sept. '5. service Feb. 22, 1918 in 313th -Am. Tr. at Camp Dodge, discharged at tamp Uodge, U. S. .\ug. 10, 1919. He was la. Later transferred to Camp Gordon, Ga. Sailed from la., Aug. 31, 1919- U. S. May I, 1918. He was engaged in the Tonle, Mar- bache, St. Mihiel, ^Ieuse--\rgonne Off. Sailed trom France May 9, 1919. Discharged at Camp Dodge, la. CLIFFORD ENGESWICK. (18)—Seaman Signalman First Entered the ser- Class, Lamberton. Born Oct. ii,_ 1899. Navy, Nov. 19, '9 17. JACOB F. EITZEN, (8)—Private, Mountain Lake. Born vice at Minneapolis in the U. S. Station. Later he Apr. 28, 1895. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Peter Eitzen of Was sent to the Great Lakes Naval Roads, a. Mountain Lake. Entered the service Sept. 21, 1917 in Co. attended the Navy Signal School at Hampton \ months, this D, 351st Inf. at Camp Dodge, la., 88th Div. He was dis- served aboard the U. S. S. for six He was with charged at Camp Dodge, la., Nov. 6, 1917. time being spent in foreign waters. Engeswick on his hrst the fleet that escorted President Wilson ork, N. \., Feb. trip to France. Was discharged at New \ class. 20, 1919 as a Seaman Signalman of first GEORGE P. EITZEN, (9)— Private, Mountain Lake. Born Nov. 4, 1891. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Peter Eitzen, Sr. En- tered the service -Apr. 29, in the Md. Det. 349th Inf., 88tli Div. at Camp Dodge. la. Transferred to Camp Windom. Son of Mr. Llpton, N. Y., July 30, 1918. Sailed from N. Y. Aug. GUY E EATON, (19) —Private, the service Aug. 28, 1918. Participated in the battles of Haute-Alsace, A. and Mrs. Truman Eaton. Entered 9, Later transferred to 1st E. F. Sailed from France May 18, 1919. Discharged at 1918 in Co. 8, Depot Brigade. Grant, 111. He was dis- Camp Dodge, la., June 10, 1919. Inf. Rep. Troops, at Camp charged at Camp Grant, 111., Jan. 30, 1919.

OL,\F ERICKSON, do) —Private, Windom. Born Oct. 1896. Entered th2 service .\ug. 15, 1918. Trained 17, Third Class, Win- Minnesota. Later transferred to NOEL E. ELNESS, (20)—Quartermaster at the L'niversity of Mrs. -An- dom. Born Feb. 18, 1900. Son of Mr. and Camp Kerney, Cal. He was discharged at Camp Dodge, tne drew Elness. Entered the service May 21, 1918 in la.. Mar. 6, 1919. Great Lakes U. S. Navy at Minneapolis. Trained at the V a., Tr. Station. Later transferred to Hampton Roads, the U. S. S. and Feb. 15 to the U. S. S. , then to promoted to the rank of Qm. .3rd. EDWIN J. EWEY, (i i)—Private, Dundee. Born Nov. Santa Lenora. Was of Philadelphia doing 18, 1897. Son of Mr. and Mrs. John Ewey. Entered the Class Dec. 12, 1918. Sailed out several trips to France. service on Oct. 14, 1918 at the University of Minnesota. Transport service to France. Made He was discharged there on Dec. 21, 1918. He was discharged at Minneapolis Sept. 8, 1919-

in Co. 24, 164th Depot Brg. at Camp EOSS, (i) Med. Attachment, Wiiidom. Son May 27, 1918, WESLEY W. — Ft. service Apr. 15. Funston, Kans. Transferred to Base Hospital, Riley, of Mr. and Mrs. J. E. Foss. Entered the Kan., June 20, 1917 and to the Gen. Hospital No. 40, St. 1917 in Co. F, of the First Minn. Inf. at Fort Snellnig. Louis.' Was discharged at St. Louis, Mo., June 16, 1919. Transferred to the 34th Div. at Camp Cody, N. Mex. in 7. the 34th Div. from Camp Dix, October, 19 1 Sailed with igi8. discharged at Camp N. J., in September, He was Dodge, la., Jan. 17, 1920. JACOB F.\UST, (11) — Private, Windom. Born Oct. I, 1891. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Faust. Entered the service Sept. 21, 1917 in the Med. Det. 351st Inf. at Dodge, la. Sailed from N. Y. October, 1918. He C.\L FARLEY, (j)— Sergeant l-"irst Class, Windom. Born Camp spent days on the Front. Sailed from France June Dec. 25, 1895. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Frank Farley. 45 is not discharged as yet and is in tlie hos- Entered the service May 28, 1917 in Co. C, 6th Inf. of I, 19 19. He pital at Denver, Colo. the 3rd Div. at Washington, D. C. Sailed from Hoboken, participated in the battles of N. J, for France. Farley Amebiens Sec, Chateau-Thierry, Champaigne, Marne, Aisne-Marne, \'esle River, St. Mihiel, and the .\Ieuse-Ar- gonne. Was promoted to the rank of Corporal Sept. 21, DAVID E. FAIRBURN, (12) —Private, Windom. Born July igi7, to the rank of Sgt. Apr. 7, 191S, and to the rank 20, 1897. Son of Mr. and Mrs. R. S. Fairburn of Wiiy of Sgt. ist Class, Xov. 7, 1918. He was discharged at dom. Entered the service July 15, 1917, tl"s being his Camp Lee, \'a., Aug. i, 1919. second enlistment, at Worthington, Minn., in Co. F, 2d Minn. Inf. Later transferred to the 34th Div. at Camp Cody, N. Mex. In July he was transferred to P. F. C. Supply Co., Camp E)ix, N. J. Sailed from Hoboken for France. Left France in January, 1919. Was discharged AMBROSE FULLER, (3 )— Sergeant, Bingham Lake. Born at Camp Dodge, la., March 11, 1919. Mar. 17, 1893. Son of iSIr. and Mrs. W. A. Fuller. En- tered the service June 6, T917 at Norfolk, \'a. Trans- ferred to the U. S. S. Rhode Island and then May 12, 1918 to Paris Island. Sailed for France from Hoboken. Corporal 1918. He was promoted to the rank of June 14, F. S. FILLMORE, (13) —Quartermaster, 2d Class, Jeffers. and to the rank of Sgt. Sept. ti, T918. Sailed from Born Aug. 24, 1S96. Son of Mr. and Mrs. H. F. Fill- l-'rance Aug. 2, 1919. Was discharged at Camp Norfolk, more. Entered the service June 17, 1918. In the U. ^. Va., Sept. 30, 1919. N. R. F. at Bremerton, Wash. Transferred Sept. 12, to N. Y., Oct. 5, to New London; Nov. 7, to Philadelphia. Promoted to the rank of Quartermaster 2d Class, Nov. ?', 19:8. Was discharged at Philadelphia Dec. s, I9i9. Corporal, Storden. Born Mar.' GU.XDER J. FLADBO, (4)— 9, 18S9. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Johan I'ladbo. Entered the service Apr. 8, 1918 at the University of Minnesota. Later transferred to Hq. Co. 3. Brig. F. A. R. D. Camp FR.ANK B. FAST, (14) —Private, Mountain Lake. Born at Tackson, S. C. Then to 4th Corps Art. Park, Camp Sept. 10, 1890. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Frank F. Fast. Wadsworth, S. C. Sailed from U. S., Sept. 3, 19:8. Was Entered the service Apr. 20, 1918 in 151st Field Art. 42d Partic promoted to the rank of Corporal Sept. i, igiS. Div. at Camp Mills, N. Y. Sailed from Hoboken, Oct. 18, iuated in the 'Meuse-Argonne Drive. He was discharged 191S. Participated at Ba'fcarat, Peronne, Badonviller, at Camp Dodge, la., July 5, 1919. Migneville-Champaigne, Suippes, Lourain, Chateau-Thierry and the Meuse-Argonne. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, la.. May 10, 1919.

CYRIL C. FOSS, (5) —First Sergeant, Windom. Born Jan. 26, 1895. Son of Mr. and Mrs. J. E. Foss. Entered the s-jrvice at Fort Snelling May 15, 1917, in the ist Officers' AXEL F. FREDERICKSON, (15)— Corporal, Storden. Born Field, Training School. Transferred tvi Rontaine Flying Mar. 4, 1893. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Aug. Frederickson. promoted 111., later to the University of Minn. He was Entered the service at the University of Minn., Apr. 8, to the rank of ist Sgt. Oct. 3. i9'9- Was discharged at 1918. Later transferred to Camp Jackson. Promoted to Minneapolis, Nov. 30, 1919. the rank of Corporal, Nov. 5, 1918. Was discharged at Camp Jackson, S. C, Feb. S, 1919.

NORMAN A. FOSS, (6) — Private, Revere. Born Apr. 28, i8g6. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Martin Foss. Entered the JOSEPH EDISON FARNHAM, (r6) —Private, Windom. Inf. at Camp service Sept. 21, 1917, in Co. D, 351st Born July 7, 1893. Son of Mr. and Mrs. F. J. Farnham. Dodge, la., 88th Div. Later transferred to Co. B, 346th Entered the service Aug. 28, 1918 in the First Co.. ist Bn. Inf., 87th Div, at Camp Pike, Ark., Mar. 25 to Co. M, Tr. Troops. Was discharged at Camp Grant, 111., Jan. for France. 58th Inf., 4th Div. Sailed from New York 30, 1919. Participated in the battles of the St. Mihiel, Vesle and the Meuse-Argonne. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., Aug. 15, 1919- BRUCE GILLIS, (17) —Private, of Windom, Minn. Son of Rev. and Mrs. B. C. Gillis. Entered service^ in the fall of 1918 at the LTniversity of Minnesota in the S. A. T. HANS G. FLADEBO, (7) — Private First Class, Storden. C. He was the one out of four in the University Sex- Born in Norway. Son of Mr. and Mrs. G. H. Fladebo. tette to get first place. He was discharged about the Entered the service Apr. 20, 1918 in the 90th Div. at middle of December, 1918, at Minneapolis, Minn. Camp Travis, Texas. Sailed from N. Y. June 28, 1918. Was promoted to the rank of Private 1st Class Nov. 1, 1918. Participated in the St. Mihiel and the Meuse- Argonne. Sailed from France May 30, 1919. Was dis- charged at Camp Grant, 111., June 24, 1919. HANS GILBERTSON, (18) — Private, of Windom, Minn. Born Sept. 25. 1890. Son of Erick and Rande Gilbert- son. Entered service Sept. 21, 1917, in Co. D, 351st Inf., 88th Div. Trained at Camp Dodge till Nov. 28, when JENS FL.-\DEBO, (8) —Private, Storden. Born Nov. 6, he was transferred to Camp Cody. 1890. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Johan Fladebo. Entered the service July 17, 1917 in Div. Hq. Troops of the Ssth Div. at Camp Austin, Mich. Sailed from N. Y. July 22, lgl8. Transferred to Supply Co. 315th Int., 90th Div. Was m FLOYD M. GRAHLM.-VN, (19)— N. M. 2d Class A, Windom. a;-tion on the \'erdun and Meuse-Argonne Fronts. Was Born Dec. 17, 1897. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Frank Grahl- discharged at Camp Grant, 111., June iS, 1919. man. Entered the service in the U. S. Navy at Great Lakes, 111., Tune 28, 1918. Later transferred to North Island Air .Station, San Diego. Was promoted to the rank of M. M. 2d Class. Discharged at San Diego, Cal,, TORRIS FLADEBO, (p)— Private, Heron Lake. Son of Mar, 4, 1919. Mr. and Mrs. Johan Fladebo. Entered the service June 24, 1918, in Co. 20, i6ist Depot Erg. at Camp Grant, 111. Was discharged at Camp Grant, 111., June 28, 1918. AUGUST GIESELMAN, (20)—Private, Dundee. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Henry Gieselman. Entered the service Aug. 28 1918 at Camp Grant. 111. Later transferred to Camp Dodge, la.. Mar. HENRY A. FAST, (in)—Private First Class, Mountain Lake. Hancock, t^a. Was discharged at Camp Son of Mr. and Mrs. H. J. Fast. Entered the service 13, 1919-

STANLEY SLOANE GILLAM, (i)—Second Lieutenant, in the Hamline S. A. T. C. Was discharged at Ham- 1919- Windom. Born Nov. 15, 1890. Son of Mr. and Mrs. line, January, C. W. Gillam. Entered the service May 20, igiS in the 4th Officers' Tr. School, 88th Div., Camp Dodge, la. As- signed to Hq. Co., 163d Depot Brig. Camp Dodge, la. Commissioned 2nd Lieut. Inf. at the close of the 4th Offi- F. GOOSSEN, (11)—Battalion Supply Sergeant, cers' Tr. School. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., JACOB Mountain Lake. Born Jan. 3, 1891. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Sept. 1919. 6, Peter Goosen. Entered the service Sept. 21, 19 17 in Co. D, 351st Inf.. SSth Div. at Camp Dodge. la. Later trans- ferred to the 526th Eng. Unattached, at Camp Pike. Sailed for France July 10, 1918. While in France did promoted to the rank of Cor- BEN GROTTE, (2) — Sergeant. Windom. Born Nov. 8, construction work. Was 16, and to the rank of Sgt., Dec. 20, 1917- 1895. Son of Mr. and Mrs. O. P. Grotte. Entered the poral Oct. 1917 at Shelby, Miss., July 16, 1919. service Apr. S, 1918 at the U. of Cincinnati. Transferred Was discharged Camp to Motor School. Camp Jackson, S. C, June 10, 1Q18. Was promoted to the rank of Corp., July 8, 19 18 and to the rank of Sgt. November, 1918. He was an instruct- or in the repair of Artillery. Discharged at Camp Jack- PETER A. GOOSSEN, (12)— Private, Mountain Lake. Born son, Jan. 29, 1919. July g, 1885. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Peter Goossen. En- tered the service July 9. 1918 in Hq. Co. of the 36th Div. Trained at Camp Courchesne. Was discharged at Camp Courchesne, June 8, 1919. JOHN H. GALE, (3)—Private First Class. Windom. Born Feb. 6, 1893. Son of Mr. and Mrs. G. L. Gale. Entered the service Feb. 12, 1918 in Co. C, 3r4th Field Sig. Bn. 89th Div. at Camp Funston, Kans. Sailed for France A. GOOSSEN, (13) Private, Mountain Lake. May 25, 1918. Participated in the battles of the St. ABRAM Born Aug. 11, 1894. Entered the service June 25, 1918, Mihiel, Xammes. Meuse-Argonne. Left France Mar. 5, in Co. 20, i6ist Dep. Brig, at Camp Grant, 111. Later 1919. Was discharged at Camp (irant, HI.. April 2, 1919- transferred to the 56th Inf. Co., 17th Div. Sailed from N. Y. for France via England. Was in action in the Puvenelle Sec. Sailed from France, June 16, 1919- Was discharged at Camp Grant, 111., July 8, 1919- PERCY M. GRAHAM. (4)—Private, Jeffers. Born May 14, 1890. Son of Mr. and Mrs. C. Graham. Entered the service Sept. 21, 1917 in Co. D. 35ist Inf., 88th Div. at Camp Dodge, la. Transferred Nov. 25 to Camp Pike, A. {14)— Private First Class, Moun- Ark., 87th Div., and June 11, 1918 to Camp Merritt. HENRY GOOSSEN, tain Lake. Born Dec. 31, 1891. Entered the service Later in France to the 58th Inf. Co. K, 4th Div. Sailed F, 4th Pioneer Inf. at Camp Wadsworth, Va. from N. Y. for Liverpool. Participated in the battle of in Co. transferred to the 3rd Pioneer Inf. Sailed the Vesle River. Sailed from France Mar. 26, 1919- Was Later from N. Y. for France where he participated in the discharged at Camp Dodge, la., Apr. 21, 19 19. Meuse-Argonne Drive. Sailed from France July 10, 19 19 and was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., July 30, 1919-

SIGUARD J. GUSTAVSON. (5)—Corporal, Windom. Born Aug. 17, 1896. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Chas. Gustavson. (15)—Private, Windom. Son of Mr. Entered the service Dec. 6, 1917 as a casual of the Sig- ANDREW HEDLAND, and Mrs. Erick Hedland. Entered the service Dec. i, 1917 nal Corps at Camp Hancock, Ga. Transferred to 14th in the Air Service at Kelly Field, Tex. Later transferred Cas. Co., 2d Reg., A. S. M. at Camp Hancock. Sailed from Post Field, Okla. discharged at Camp Dodge, la., N. Y. for France. Served in France with the 15th Co. 2d to Was Jan. 15, 1919. Reg. A. S. M. in the Zone of Advance. This organization

experienced some 30 Air Raids . by the German Aero- planes. Was promoted to the rank of Corporal. May 21, 1918. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., June 9, 1919- FRANK HENGTGEN, (16)—Wagoner, Storden. Born July 29, 18—, Son of Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Hengtgen. En- tered the service in Co. B, 351st Inf. at Camp Dodge, Later transferred to Camp Pike, WALTER A. GUSTAVSON, (6)— Sergeant, Forsyth, Mon- la., Sept. 21, 19 17. Ark., 87th Div. Sailed from N. Y. Aug. 24, 1918 and tana. Born July 12, 1891. Son of Mr. and Mrs. J. F. left France Mar. 7, 1919. Was discharged at Camp Gustavson. Entered the service Oct. 3. 1917. in Co. I, 362d Inf., 91st Div.. Camp Lewis, Wash. Later trans- Dodge, la., May 7, 1919- ferred to the 4th Div. Sailed for France May 3, 1918. Participated in the Aisne-Marne, St. Mihiel, Vesle River, and Toulan Def. Was promoted to the rank of Corporal June 15, 1918, and to the rank of Sgt., Oct. i, 1918. HARDIN, (17) Private, Mountain Lake. Born Sgt. Gustavson was cited twice for bravery shown in the ALBERT — in . Son of Mr. and Mrs. Bill Hardin. En- field of action. Was discharged at Ft. Russell, Wyo., tered the service June 24, 1919 in Co. C, i6ist Dep. Brig, Aug. 13, 1919. at Camp Grant, 111. Later transferred to Niagara Falls in Co. H, 14th Bn. W. S. G. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, la.. Jan. 31, 1919-

RUSSELL D. GOVE, (7)~Private. Windom. Born May I, 1898. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Chas. Gove. Entered the service Oct. 19 18 in Co. of the Provisional Re- 23, 13, HUBERT, (18)— Sergeant. Lamberton. Born July cruit Co., Camp Forrest, Ga. He was discharged at EMTL T. 6, 1894. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Gust Hubert. Entered the Camp Dodge, la., Jan. 8, 1919- service Dec. 10, 1917 in the Aviation 271st Aero Sqdrn. at the Jefferson Barracks, Mo. Later transferred to Camp Custer, Mich., and Feb. 4 to Ellington Field, Tex- as; to Aberdeen Proving Ground, Md., July 4. 1918. Was LAWRENCE B. GOVE, (8)— Private, Bingham Lake. En- discharged at Camp Grant, 111., June 17, 1919- tered the service Oct. 22. 1918 in the 13th Prov. Recruit Co. Rep. Troops, Camp Forrest, Ga. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, la.. Jan. 7, 1919- Borri iS, 1892. BEN J. HASS, (19)—Private, Dundee. May Son of Mr. and Mrs. August Hass. Entered the service Oct. 2V 1918 in Co. A, 387th Inf. at Camp Cody. N. GEORGE W. GOVE, (0)— Sergeant, Windom. Born June Mex. Wa^ discharged at Camp Dodge, la., Dec. 13, 1919- 8, 1899. Son of Mr. and Mrs. C. W. Gove. Entere'' the service Oct. :6, 191S in the S. A. T. C. at th University of Minnesota. Was discharged at St. Paul, Minn., Dec. 21, 1918. EDWARD B. HENGTGEN. (20)—Cook. Storden. Born Sept. 21, 18—. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Hengtgen. Entered the service in Co. G, 342d Inf., 86th Div. at Y. Camp Grant, 111., June 26, 1918. Sailed from N. 1919- Was dis- FORREST L. GOVE, (10)—Private, Windom. Son of Mr. for France. Left Fraince June 29, Dodge, la., July 10, 1919. - and Mrs. B. W. Gove. Entered the service Oct. 15, 1918, charged at Camp IfM Sept, ARTHUR E. HOYT, (i)— Corporal, of Westbrook. Born for England. Was gassed at the St. Mihiel Drive, Participated in the battles of the Mihiel Mar. S. 1896. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Ole Hoyt. Entered 28, 191S. St. the service June 2y, 191S. in Co. B, 331st M. G., 86th and the Meuse-Argonne. Sailed from France Dec. 17, Div.. Camp Grant. 111. Transferred Nov. 20. 1918 to 19 iS. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., Jan. 20, Sept. 1919. J nth Supply Tr. 86th Div. Sailed from New York 9, 1918. Promoted to the rank of Corporal Mar. i, 1919. Sailed from France June 2. 1919. Was discharged at Camp Grant, 111., July 26, 1919- CHAS. HUTAIN, (i i)— Corporal, of Heron Lake. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Peter Hutain of Heron Lake. Entered the service on July 5, T918 at Columbus Barracks. Later JOHN H. HABBESTAD. (2^— Sergeant, of Westbrook. transferred to Camp Hancock, Ga. and again to Camp dis- Born Feb. 29, 1892. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Hans Hab- Custer in the 14th Div., 42d Mg. Gun Bn. Was bestad. Entered the service June 10, 1917 in Co. C. 41st charged at Camp Custer, Jan. 28, 1919- Inf., loth Div. at Camp Funston. Transferred to 69th Inf., loth Div., Aug. 10, 191S. Was promoted to the rank of Corporal Sept. i, 191S and to the rank of Sgt., Dec. 2, 1918. Discharged at Camp Funston, Kans., Feb. JOHN ]\L HOFSTAD. ( 12)— Private, of Storden. Son Entered 5, 1919- of Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Hofstad of Storden. the service Tuly 24. 19 18 in Co. F, 4th Pioneer Inf., at Camp Wadsworth. Later transferred to 3rd Pioneer Inf. Sailed from the LL S. in 1918. He participated in the battle of the Meuse-Argonne. Sailed from France HENRY D. HAMM, (3)—Private First Class, of Mountain July II, 1919. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., Lake. Born Feb. 19, 1895. Son of Mr. and Mrs. David in 1919. Hamm. Entered the service in Co. D, 351st Inf.. SSth Div. at Camp Dodge, la., Sept. 21. 1917. Transferred Mar. 31, 1919 to Med. Dept. 163d Inf. D. B. and Oct. 3, 1918 to Med. Dept. 19th Supply Train, SSth Div. Pro- HERTZOG. (13)—Private First Class, of moted to the rank of Pvt. 1 st Class, March 31, 19 1 8. WALFRED 1889. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, la. Mountain Lake. Born June 5, S. T. Hertzog. Entered the service Dec. 14. I9i7 in Battery A, 48th Art. C. A. C. A. E. F. Sailed from Newport News for France. Was promoted to the rank of Private ist Class November, 1918. Sailed from France ALBERT HAGSTROM, (4)— Private First Class, of Wal- T^Iarch, 1919. Was discharged at Camp Grant, 111., nut Grove. Born Dec. 3, 1891. Son of Mr. and Mrs. March 29, 1919- Ole Hagstrom. Entered the service Mar. 12, igi8 in the Coast Artillery at Ft. McKinlev. Later transferred to Bat. D. C. A. C. Sailed l^r France Aug. 6, 1918. Left there March 15, 1919- Was discharged at Camp JACOB E. HIEBERT, (14)—Private, of Mountain Lake. Grant, 111., Apr. 17, 19 19. Born Nov. 17, 1892. Son of Mr. and Mrs. J. G. Hiebert. Entered the service Feb. 22, 191S in the Medical Dept. Dep. Brig, at Camp Dodge, la. He was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., Jan. 30, 1919- EDWIN C. HEGGERSTOX, (5) — Bugler, of Walnut Grove. Born Apr. 7, 1894. Son of Mr. and Mrs. E. Eg- gerston. Entered the service May 27, 19 18 in Co. 20. i6fith Dep. Brig, at Camp Lewis, Wash. Transferred to JOHN A. HEDMAN, (15)—Seaman Second Class, of Co. C, 362d Inf. 91st Div. and later to Co. A, 321st Inf. Storden. Born Aug. 5, 1896. Son of Mr. and Mrs. 8ist Div. at Camp Upton, N. Y. Sailed for France Andrew Hedman. Entered the service July 5, 19 18 in July 31, 1918. Participated in the battles of the St. ^52d Reg. 9th at the Great Lakes. Was promoted to the Die Sec, Meuse-Argonne. Promoted to the rank of bugler rank of C-Mate 3d Class. Sept. 12, 1918. Was discharged Feb. 6, 1919. Discharged at Camp Dodge, la. July 1 1, at Great Lakes, 111., Feb. 28, 1919. He was taken sick 1919. with the "tlu" and pneumonia and was in the hospital from Sept. 24 until his date of discharge.

RAY HANSON, (6)— Sailor, of Westbrook. Minn. Born March 21, 1899, son of Mr. and Mrs. H. J. Hanson. S. HUFFMAN. (16)—Private, of Storden. Born Enlisted April 2. 1918 in L'. S. Naval Radio School, in ELMER L Son of Mr. and Mrs. John C. Huffman. Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.. where he trained Apr. 2, 1897. Entered the service Sept. 18, 1918, in Co. B, at the Dun- and did regular post duty as a sailor in cantonment. We Inst., Minneapolis. Was discharged at Minneap- are sorry that we are unable to find out when this man woody olis, Minn., Dec. 13. igiS. was discharged or where, before the book goes to press.

(17)—Fireman First Class, of Win- DANIEL E. HELDER, (7)—Private First Class, Jeffers. LEE L HINKLEY, Sept. 19. 1S91. Entered the U. S. N. Apr. Born Sept. 17, 1897. Son of Mr. and Mrs. E. D. Helder. dom* Born 12, 1917. Was on the LT. S. S. . Promoted to Entered the service in 27th Co. C. A. C, May 27, 191 7, the of 1st Class Fireman. Was discharged at Bos- at Ft. Caswell. N. C. Later transferred to 62d Reg. C. rank ton, Mass., Mar. 20, 1919- A. C, Camp Merritt, N. J. Sailed from N. V. Sept. 13, 1918 and left there Feb. 13, 1919- Was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., March 11, 19 19. Mountain Lake. ALFRED J. FIANSON, (18) —Private, of Born Aug. 2-j, 1898. Son of Mr. and Mrs. M. S. Han- the service May 25, 1918 in Troop D. 315th BARNEY T. HELDER, (8)—Corporal, of Jeffers. Son of son. Entered Ft. Russell, Wyo. Transferred Sept. 7 Mr. and Mrs. Ed. Helder. Entered the service at Jeffer- Cal. nth Div. at Point, Ky., and then to 71st Field son Barracks. Mo. in Bat. B. C. A. C. Later trans- to Camp Knox, West Artillery. discharged at Camp Knox, Ky., Feb. 2, ferred to l-'t. Connition, N. H. Sailed for France Sep- Was tember, 191S. Was promoted to the rank of Pvt. ist Class and later to the rank of Corporul. Was ordered to the front Nov. 10, 19 iS but on account of the armistice, was not needed. Sailed for U. S. February, 1919, with Lake. the First Army discharged at Camp Dodge, la., Febru- CORNELIUS HARDER, (19)—Private, of Bingham ary, 1919. Born Feb. 6, 1897. Entered the service Oct. 22,, 1918. m Co. B, 387th Inf.. 97th Div., Camp Cody, N. Mex. Later transferred to Camp Dodge, la. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., Dec. 14, 1918. HANS W. HANSON. (9)—Private, of Storden. Born June 16, 1S98. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Flanson. En- tered the service Oct. 24, 1918 in Co. F, 287th Inf., 91SV Div. at Camp Cody. N. Mex. Was discharged at Camp RASMUS L HANSON, (20)—Private. Born Apr. 28, Dodge, la., Dec. 14, 191S. 1888. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Andrew J. Hanson. Entered the service Sept. 21, 1917 in Co. A. 351st Inf., 88th Div. at Camp Dodge. la. Later transferred to Camp Gordon, Ga. Co. I 126th Inf., 82d Div. Sailed from U. S. Apr. St. Mihiel Sec. While in HAROLD W. HATCH. ( 10)—Mechanic, of Holland. Born 29. 1918. Participated in the and was March 14. 1896. Son of Mr. and Mrs. A. E. Hatch. France he suffered from a bad case of empyema Entered the service Feb. 11, 191 8 in Co. K, 354th Inf. sent back to Camp Dodge. la., and later sent to Ft. Sher- at Camp Funston, Kans. Sailed from Montreal, Canada idan for further treatment. r"„. for France by way of NELS O. L. HANSON, (i)— Corporal, son of Mr. and Mrs. from Hoboken England June 8, Louis Hanson. Entered the service April 8, 1918, in 1918, was wounded in the battle of Chateau-Thierry, Aug. Fort Org. Reg. 120 A, 57th Brigade, 32d Div. Trained at Cin- 8, 1918. Was discharged at Snelling, Feb. 27, 1919. cinnati, . Sailed for France July 21, 1918 from New York by way of England. Was engaged in the battles of .'Kvencourt Sector from Sent. 22 to 25. :9!8; at the Meuse- it, igiS. Was Argonne Offensive from Sept. 26 to Nov. GEORGE A. JOHNSON, (12)—Sergeant. Enlisted July 19 18. Discharged at Camp promoted to Corporal July 8, 30, 1917 in Case Hospital 94 at Camp Cody. Sailed from Dodge, Iowa, May 17, 19 19. New ^'ork for France by way of Liverpool. After the armistice Sergeant Johnson spent some time in Germany looking after the distribution of food. Was promoted to Sergeant Dec. 31, igi8 and was discharged at Camp Dodge. Sept. 1919- WILLIAM HOHENSTEIN, (2)— Private. Enlisted in the 13, 49th Co. 20, Eng. at Washington. D. C. Sailed for France May 22. 191S. Was engaged in building roads and bridges, and with the Forestry Troops. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, June 24, 1919. ARTHUR II.'\NSON, (13) —Private. Entered the service Feb. 18, 1918 in Jefferson Barracks, Mo. Transferred to Camp Eustis, Va. Discharged at Camp Dodge, la., Dec. 24, 1919.

ERNEST C. HILL, (3) —Corporal, of Westbrook. Minn., son of Aug. and Anna Hill. Entered the service Feb. tS, 1Q18, In. Co. at Ft. Monroe, Va. Later he was trans- ( 14)— Private. Entered the ferred to Camp Eustis, Va. Promoted to Corporal Mar. ARTHUR HENRY HOLCK. Sept. 1918 at Windom, and sent to Camp Mc- I, 1919, Corp. Hill. Was chauffeur for Major Gen. Hay- service 19, Replacement Troops. good, Brigadier Generals Sutherland and Chamberlain. Arthur in Co. E, nth Bn. Inf. to Merrit and on Nov. 1 1 went on Was discharged at Camp Eustis, Va., June 3, 1919. Transferred Camp board the Transport Cedrick for overseas, but owing to the signing of the armistice was taken off the next day, and was discharged at Camp Dodge Dec. 18, 1918.

EMIL HANSON, (4) —Private. Entered the service Sept. 21, 1917, in Co. A, 351st Inf., 88th Div., Camp Dodge, Iowa. Transferred to Co. I, 345th Inf., 87th Div., then Private First Class. Son of to U. S. Guards, Co. A, 41st Bn. Discharged at Camp IS.\.\C P. II.XRDER, (15I — Entered the service Oct. 14. Dodge, la., June 8, 1919. Peter and Mary Harder. 191- in Co. B. 2Sth Eng. at Camp Devens, Mass. Sailed from New York for France Oct. 28, 1917. Returned from France May 14, 1919, after having seen service in the Argonne Offensive, and was discharged at Camp Russell, Private, son of Peter Harder. DAVID HARDER. (5)— June 4, 1919. Entered the service Sept. 21, 1917 in Co. C, 351st Inf., 8Sth Die, Camp Dodge, Iowa. Transferred to Co'. F, 326th Inf.. 82d Div., Camp Gordon, Ga. Sailed for France April 1918. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, 4, ROY M. HAYNES. (16) —Private. Entered the service Iowa, May 21, 19 19. Sept. 21, 1917 at Windom, Minn., and sent to Camp Dodge in Co. A, 351st Inf.. 88th Div. Transferred April is, 191S, to Co. H. 326th Inf., 82d Div. Sailed from Ho- boken for France by the way of England. Was engaged JOHN HIEBERT, (61— Saddler. Son of Claus and Anna in the Meuse-Argonne Offensive and was wounded Oct. France Hiebert. Entered the service Feb. 22. 1918, in Co. F., II, 19 18, in the Argonne Battle. Returned from 313th Inf. 88th Div., Camp Dodge, Iowa. Sailed from April II, 1919, and was discharged at Camp Grant, III., New York for France Aug. 17, 1918. Was discharged May 16, 1919. at Camp Dodge, Iowa, June 11, 1919.

GUSTAVE HENDERSON, (17)— Private First Class. En- Private. Son of Claus and 91st CLAUS K. HIEBERT, (7)— tered the service May 25, 1918 in Co. E, 362d Reg., Hiebert. Entered the service Sept. 21, 1917, in Anna Div., Camp Lewis. Sailed for France July 6, 1918. Was D, 351st Inf., 88th Div. at Dodge, Iowa. Sailed Co. Camp engaged in the Meuse-Argonne and St. Mihiel and in for France. York, .\ug. 16, 191S, bound • from New Was Scheldt, Belgium. from Sept. ii, to 13, 1918. Was dis- discharged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, June 6, 1919. charged at Camp Dodge, la., April 28, 1919.

CLINTON (8)— Private First Class. of Samuel HYDE, Son JAMES A. HANSON, (18)— Private First Class, of West- and Nellie Hyde. the service Sept. 21, 1917 in Entered brook, Minn. Son of Geo. A. Hanson. Entered service Co. D, 351st Inf., 88th Div., Camp Dodge, Iowa. Trans- C. Aug. 14, 1918 in Co. E, Motor Transport School, 1. ferred Nov. 27, 1917 to Co. D, 346th Inf., 32d Div., Camp Dept., of C, Indianapolis, Ind. Transferred to Medical Pike. Sailed for Le Havre, l-'rance, June 20, 1918. Sailed Oct 14. 1918 at Camp Crane at Allentown, Pa. Partook in the .Soissons, Verdun and Argonne Drives. from Hoboken, N. Y. for France via England, Nov. 1.3, Discharged at Camp Dodge. May 19, 1919. with 1918. Was with the U. S. Army Ambulance Service the French Army. Had duties of Section Clerk and later Headquarters Clerk at Base Camp, U. S. A. A. S. located Loiret. at I'-errieres-en-Gatinais in the Department of RAY HYDE, (9) —Private, of Bingham Lake, Minn. .Son Discharged at Camp Dix June 26, 1919. of S. P. Hyde. Entered service May 29, 1918, in Co. G, 362d Inf., 91st Div. Trained at Camp Lewis. Sailed for France by way of Liverpool. Participated in the St. Mihiel and Argonne drives. Was wounded in the Argonne GEORGE E. HARPER. (19)— Private First Class, of Win- Oct. II, igi8. Discharged at Camp Grant, March .31, dom, Minn. Son of Arthur Harper. Entered the service 1919. Feb. 22, 1918, in Co. E, 350th Infantry, 88th Div. Trained to at Camp Dodge, Iowa, five weeks then transferred Camp Devens, Mass., to Co. F, 33d Ensineers. Sailed from Hoboken June 30. 1918 for Brest, France and re- was on VICTOR H.\NSON, (10)— Sergeant, of Windom, Minn. turned from France May 20, 1919- Mr. Harper the Son Hanson. Entered service Sept. 21, in duty at Brest, France on construction of barracks all of Jens 1917 Dodge Co. A, 351st Inf., 88th Div. at Camp Dodge, la. Pro- time while in France. Was discharged at Camp moted to Corporal Oct. 24, 1917 and to Sergeant Apr. 25, June 14, 1919. 191S. Sailed for France by way of Camp Mills, N. Y., May 21, 1918. Saw service in the Center Haute Alsace Drive and the Meuse-Argonne Drive. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., June 6, 1919. FRANK HEIER, (20)— Private. Son of Andrew and Anna Heier. Entered the service May 26, 1918, Windom. iVIinn., and was sent to Camp Lewis, Wash., in Hq. Co. in June, 191S. He was transferred to 91st Div. on July 6, I9I». Participated in ADOLPH HALVORSEN, (i i)— Private. Son of Mr. and Sailed for France by way of England. Sheldt, Mrs. Lars Halvorsen. Entered the service Sept. 21, 1919 the battles of St. Mihiel, Meuse-Argonne and Lys 1918. Was in Co. D, 351st Inf., 88th Div. at Cam;i Dodge. Later Belgium, from Sept. 11, 1918 to Nov. 11, i, 1919- he was transferred to Co. L, 47th Inf., 4th Div. Sailed discharged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, about May

York Sept. 9, 1918. Returned March 16, TOHN' D. HErPNER, (i)— Private, of Mountain Lake from New discharged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, April Born Mar. 26. 1896. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Deidndi 1919 and was Ht'ppner. Entered the service Apr. 29, tgiS in Co. K, 14, 1919. 34Qtli Inf., at Camp Dodge. la. Later transferred to tlie remount depot at Camp Dodge. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., April 22, 1919. A. O. IVERSOX, (12) — Private, Westbrook. Son of .An- drew Iverson. Entered the service from Cotton\?ood County, Oct. 23, 1918 and sent to Camp Cody in Casual Born in Cody, Dec. 14, i9>8. THOMAS J. HULES, (2)— Private, of Windom. Co. 13. Discharged from Camp Greece. Entered tlie service .Tune 15 in Co. B, ist Re- placement Depot at Washin.aton Barracks. He was dis- charged at Camp Dodge, la., Jan. 27, 1919. HANS JENSEN. (13)—Private, of Storden, Minn. Soil of Soren and Inga Jensen. Entered service March 3, 1918 fort- in Co. 16 at Jefferson Barracks where he trained a HILL, (3)— Private, of Westbrook. WILLIAM ROBERT night and was transferred to Kelly Field, Texas, later 1894. Son of Mr. and Mrs. .Tohn Hill. Born Apr. 17, to jersey City, N. L, where he was assigned to 8.S2d Tune 1917 in the U. S. Navy at Entered the service 27, Repair Squadron, so"on going to Manchester, England. Great Lakes, III. Transferred to the U. S. S. Arkansas discharged at Nov. 29, 19 18 left for the States and was Did patrol duty in the Xorth Sea with .\'ov. 2.S, 1917. Camp Dodge, Iowa, Dec. 30, 1918. the Grand Fleet. Was present at the surrender of the German Fleet, Nov. 20, 1918. Was discharged at Norfolk, Va., Jan. 31, 1919.

of Freeman, S. Dak. JOH.--I.V F J\N'ZE\ (14) — Private, Mrs Jaiizen. Borno'rn Oct. 16, 1896. Son of Mr. and J. J. 1918 in Co. E, I. C. of C. 1 rain- JOHN M. HANSON, (4') —Radio Operator, of Storden. Born ntered service Aug. 14, No. 2, Indianapolis, Ind.. where he tramed Dec. 19, 1890. Son of Mrs. Celia Hanson. Entered the ine Detachment driving till dis- gth Field Sig. Bn. 5th and took up auto mechanics and truck service Tan. 25, 1918 in Co. C, In- discharged I. C. of C, T. D. No. 2, Div. at" Leon Springs, Texas. Sailed for France from charged, being N. Y. Participated in the battles at the Aroned Sec. St. dianapolis, Ind., Dec. 9, 1918. Die, St. Mihiel and the Argonne-Woods. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., Aug. 4, 1919.

ANDERS JOHNSON, (15)—Private, of Wmdom, Minn. Mrs. .Take John- Born June 25, 1900. Son of Mr. and DR. G. HIEBERT, (s)— First Lieutenant D. C. of Moun- Entered service at Redwood Falls, July 16, 1917 m J. son. Camp Cody, tain Lake. Born Sept. 26, 1895. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Co L, 136th Infantry, 34th Division at in American went into ser- J. G. Hiebert. Entered the service Dec. 17, 1917 where he trained. This young of patriotism and Med. Dept. 56th P. I. at Camr> Wadsworth, S. C. Pro- vice at the aee of seventeen at the call Corps. dis- Cody, where hewas moted to the rank of 2d Lieut. Dental Was served till March 19. 1918 at Camp legal military charged at Camp Wadsworth, Dec. 20, 1919. discharged, because of being too young for duty.

FRED W. HALTER, (6) — Private of Sanborn. Born June Remount 23, 1895. Entered the service Sept. 23, 1917 in TENSON, (16)— Corporal, of Storden Son of Nels Depot. Camp Cody, N. Mex., 34th Div. Was discharged HANS Windoni. Minn., and Marie Tenson. Entered the service at at Camp Grant, 111., .-Xpr. 22, 1919. Co. K. .35th Inf.. 34th Div. and trained Sept. 18. 1917 in Re- Camp Cody. Sailed for France Oct. 12 191B. at Camp Dodge, Nov. turned Oct. 28, .919 and discharged at 4, 1919- HE.XRY A. I\'1;RS0N, (7) — Private, of Lamberton. Hus- band of Mrs. Henry A. Iverson. Entered the service on Aug. 9, 1918 at Camp McArthur. Later transferred Went overseas and spent eleven Entered to Camp Merritt, N. J. AXFL T TENSON, (17)—Private, of Storden. days in the lines, returning to the States in 1919, and 1918 in service from Cottonwood County May 27.. received honorable discharge. 'the Lewis Wash. Co., i66th Depot Brigade at Camp 26th 308th Inf Transferred to 40th Div. and then to Co. A -9.8. Was engaged 77t1i Div. Sailed to France Aug. 9, Offensive and was in the battle of the Meuse-Argonne Returned April .9, 1919 and ARTHUR E. IX'ERSON, (8) —Private, of Windom. Born wounded Oct. i, 19.8. Mrs. Edward Iverson. at Camp Dodge, May 18, 1919- Oct. s, 1895. Son of Mr. and was discharged Entered the service June 25, 1917 in Co. F, 136th Inf., Camp Cody, N. Mex. Later transferred to Battery C, 322d F. A. Sailed for France June 27. 1918. Was in the Army of Occupation for five months. Sailed from of Lamberton. CTT RFRT M TOHNSON, (18)—Private, France May 7, 1919. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, the service Sept 21 Son of Gunder" O. Tohnson. Entered la., May 27, 1919. sent to Camp Dodge After 9,7 at Windom, Minn. Was Pike to M. G. some time there he was transferred to Camp Hoboken for France Co No sS Co. F. He sailed from participated in the bv' wa^ of London. Mr. Johnson Mihiel, and the CLARENCE A. IVES, (9) — Private, of Mountain Lake. Toul Sector Sept. 6 to 11, 18 and St. Ives. and was with the Army ot Born Oct. 4, 1888. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Frank Meuse-Argonne Offensives, discharged at Camp Entered the service Sept. 21, 1917 in Co. A, 351st Inf. Occupation for some time. Was at Camp Dodge, la. Later transferred to Camp Pike, Ark. Dodge, Aug. 8, 1919- Co. D, 346th Inf., 87th Div. Sailed for France Aug. 24. 1918. Was promoted to tlie rank of Corporal Oct. 22, 1917, and to the rank of Sgt., Jan. 10, 1918. Sailed .\or. 16, 1919, and was discharged at Camp Mmn. from France T\COB C TACOBSON, (19)— Sergeant, of Windom, Grant. 111., May 7, 1919- the service Son of Mrs. Lottie Tacobson. Entered Sam Houston for Nov 10. 1917 and was sent to Camp Ft. transferred to training. Was in M. R. S. 304, then was D. C. Sailed foi M R. S. 303, Meigs, Washington, and participated in the battle ot FORREST R. IMMER, do) — Private, of Jeffers. Born France Tan. 17, 1918 En. Was promoted to Corporal Au.g. 12, July 18, 1899. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Albert Iramer. Chateau-Thierry. Sept. 20, 1918. Returned from France "tered the service at the University of Minnesota, ist Co., 1918, and Sergeant discharged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, June 2d Reg. Was discharged at Minneapolis, Minn., Dec. 11, June 10 and was J918. 27, 1919-

(20)—Private, of Windom. Son of IBELINGS, (11) Private, of Mt. Lake. Son of SIDNEY JOHNSTON, JOHN — Johnston, Windom, Minn. Entered and Catherine Ibelings. Entered the service at Mr. and Mrs. Tohn Ibeling I9i8 and was sent to Cainp Grant, sent to Camp Grant, 111. June the service Sent". 4. Windom, Minn., and was Depot Brigade and was dis- 86th 111. He was in Co. 23, i6ist 25, 1918 in Co. 20. Depot Brigade. Transferred to at Camp Grant Dec. 18, 1918. Div. and then to C. D. 148th Inf., 37th Division. Sailed charged " il - (11) Private, of Mountain Lake, GRANT JACOBSON, (i) —Private, of Wiiidom, Minn. HENRY F. JUNGAS, — Son of John Jungas. Entered the service Aug. Son of John and Mathilda Jacobson. Entered service Minn. 14, 1918 in Headquarters Co. as trombonist at Minneap- Dec. 14, 1917 in Trnck Co. No. 4, 23d U. S. Engineers. Transferred Oct. 15. 1918 to Purdue Uni- Transferred to Camp Mead, Md., Dec. 21, to Humphries, olis, Minn. truck driver. Was acting sergeant at Purdue Va. Tan. 22, 1918, to Camp Merrit May i8th, and left versity as of Co. B, Section B, Truck Masters. Dis- for Brest, France, June 10th, by way of Hoboken. He and Clerk Lafayette, , Dec. 13, 1918. participated in the St. Mihiel, Argonne and Meuse Offen- charged at sives and fortunately was not wounded. He was dis- charged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, July 19, 1919. indom, HELMER E. TACOBSON, (12)— Sergeant, of W Minn son of Mr. and Mrs. John Jacobson. Enlisted July Inf., 34th Div. at Camp Cody. 5 1917, in Co. F, 136th (2) Private, of Windom, Minn. Div. ARNOLD JOIIN.SON. — Transferred Nov. 10, 1918 to Co. I, 144th Inf., 36th Johnson. Entered Sept. 12, Son of Mr. and Mrs. James and again transferred to Co. B. of the same organization. Trained at Fort Snelling and was transferred Dec. was 1 918. Sailed for France Oct. 13, 1918. Feb. 2, 1919 163d Depot Brg., Camp Dodge, Iowa. Dis- Lerlin I, 1918 to transferred to the American Military Mission at at Camp Dodge, Iowa. and charged Dec. 23, 1918 Germany. He was made Corporal Aug. 5, 1917.. Military Mission Sergeant July I, 1918. The American Berlin. werJ the only Allied Troops that advanced as far as Discharged at Camp Dodge Oct. 20, 1919. JACOB E. TANZEN, (3) — Private, of Mountain Lake, Minn. Son of 'Mr. and Mrs. John Janzen. Entered service May 25, 1918 in Depot Brigade, Camp Lewis, Wash. Windom, Miiin. Transferred July 12, 1918 to Co. I, 158th Inf. 40th Div. HTALMER JOHNSON, (13)— Private, of Entered service Camp Kerney. Discharged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, Jan. 7, 'Son of MV. and Mrs. Martin Johnson. Lewis and a tew 1919. May '' 1918 in Co. 22. Went to Camp physical disa- days later was discharged on account of bility.

EDWARD A. JENZEN, (4)—Corporal, of Sanborn, Minn. Entered service Sept. 21, 1917 Son of Mrs. Rosa Tenzen. Er^ Pr.va e, of Windom, Minn. in Co. F, 351st 'Inf., SSth Div., Camp Dodge, Iowa. JENS KJELDSEN, (14)— Co. D, 351st Inf., 88th Trained at Camp Dodge and Camp Pike. Transferred to tered service Sept. 21, 1917 m at Camp Dodge, la. Sailed from Co. I, 346th Inf., 87th Div., Camp Pike, Ark., and again DW Received training 1918, for France via Liver- transferred to Military Special Co., ist Depot Div. and Camp Mills, N. Y. August 7, weeks in the Alsace Lo™"^ again to the Q. M. C. Sailed from Hoboken for France pool England. Spent seven Sailed fronr France vTa Liverpool, Eng. (no date given) and returned from Sector aSd two days in the Argonne. at Camp Dodge, la., France June 18, 1919. Discharged at Camp Lee July 6, May 30, 1919 and was discharged 1919. June 6, 1919.

T KLEIN (15)—Baker First Class, of Mountain LEE H. JOHNSON, (5) — Sergeant, of Windom, Minn., son HFNRY May 2 Son o Herman G. Klein. EnUsted of Andrew M. Johnson. Entered service May 3, 1918 in lake Minn School received training at Dunwoody Naval 303d Bn. Tank Corps. Trained at Gettysburg, Pa. ,9,8 fnd Co. A, Minn Transferred Sept. 6, J9^S t° Sailed from Philadelphia. Pa. Aug. 13, 1918 for Liverpool, a? Minneapolis, on Sept. i6th to U. S. b. Washing Transferred Oct. 28, 1918 to Co. A, 306th Bn. Tank Norfolk Va., and Eng. class August I,.. 919. Made two Promoted to on P omoted to first Corps. Trained at Wareham, England. nine trips after the war rips across during the war and rank of Sergeant July 15, 1918. Discharged at Camp with President Wil- was over. Four of these trips were Grant, 111., April 11, 1919. Was dis- Ton and one with the King of Belgium. charged at Minneapolis, Minn., October 7. 1919-

JOHN ALFRED JANZEN, (6)— Ensign, Mountain Lake, Janzen. Entered service Aug. 17, Private, of Sanborn, Minn. Minn., son of Abram Wit LI \M A. KAEHLER, ( 16)— LI. Naval Reserve. Transferred Sept. 15, Received training 1918, in the S. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Wm. Kaehler. 1918 to Receiving Ship Cleveland and Oct. 30, 1918 to 313th Ammuniti.^i Train at Camp Dodge in Co. E, Chicago, wdiere he received training. Neb., and Municipal Pier, Transferred Tune 7. 19-8 to Fort Robmson, Nov. 30, 1918, to Pelham Bay, New York. there assigned to Transferred later to Rock Island, Illinois Was Quartermaster Dec. 2, Cody No- Promoted to rank of First Class guard duty. Was again transferred to Camp 1918 and to Ensign Feb. 1, 1919. Discharged at South and there November 27, vember 8, 1918 and was discharged Hall, New York April 8, 1919. White 1918.

Minn. (i;)— Private of Westbrook, ROBERT JENNESS, (7)— Sergeant, of Windom, ARTHUR J. KXUTSON, in Headquarters Son of John E. Jenness. Entered the service June 4, Minn. Entered the service June 4.^i9>8 Fort Schuyler, N. Y. 1917, in Co. M, First Minn. Reg. Trained at Ft. Snell- Co 74th C A. C. Trained at in September, 19 18. ing and on Oct. 15, 1917 was transferred to Camp Cody, Sailed from Hoboken, N. Y. for France la., January 9, 1919. 135th Div. and again after going to France to Co. I-', Was discharged at Camp Dodge, 59th Inf. 4th Div. and later to Co. A of the same outfit. Served in the Army of Occupation from Nov. 11, 1918 till Tuly 15, 1919 and sailed from France July 24, 1919. of Mountain And' he was discharged at Camp Dodge, Aug. 8, 1919. G. KLIEWER, (18)—Private, GERHARD service Lake Minn. Son of Gerhard Kliewer. Entered Brigade. Trained at September 4. 1918 in Co. ::}. DepoJ "Grant December Camp Grant, III. Discharged at' Camp AXEL J.VCOBSON, (8) — Private, of I^amberton, Minn. Son 12, 191S. of Andrew Jacobson. Entered service in the summer of 1918. Trained at Camp Lewis, Washington. (No date or jilace of his discharge from the .\rmy was given.) Private, of Jefters, Mmn. FRED C. KRIEDEM.AN, (19)— 19 1», Son of Fred Kriedeman. Entered service July 23. Park Reg. in Co. F, 4th Pioneer Inf., 3d Ammunition Wadsworth, S. C. Transferred from FINER C. JACOBSON, (9)— Private First Class, of Win- Trained at Camp August 1918. Sailed dom, Minn., son of Jacob and Randi Jacobson. Entered 4th Pioneers to 3rd Pioneer InL 3, August 30. 1918 for Brest, the service Tune 25, 191S, in Co. E, 341st InL, 86th Div., from Newport News, Va., the Meuse-Argonne from bep- at Camp Grant, 111. Transferred Dec. 18, 1918 to First France. Saw service in 1918. Was wounded in the G. H. Q. Sailed for France Sept. 9, 1918 by way of tember 26 to November 11, Sailed from France Liverpool, Eng. Was with the Army of (Occupation until Meuse-Argonne October 23, 1918. was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., July Tune 9, 1919. when he returned from F'rance June 27, July 12, i''9i9 and 1919, and discharged at Camp Dodge, July 16, 1919. 31. 1919.

Mountain Lake, Lake, Minn. PETER A KL.AASSEN, (20)—Private, DAVID W. JANZEN, (10) — Private, Mountain Entered service Aug- service Minn. Son of Peter C. Klaassen. Son of David and Agnes Janzen. Entered May a little in Co. 8, Depot Brigade. Transferred 21, 1918 in the 26th Co. Depot Brigade, Camp Lewis, ust 28, 1918 Salvage Division. Was discharged at Camp Wash. Transferred Aug. 26, 1918 to Base Hospital, Camp later to 111.. 6, 1919. Lewis, Wash. Discharged at Camp Dodge, Feb. 8, 1919. Grant, May

D. KUPKER. (ii)— Private, of Jeflfers, Minn. DELBERT C. KIBBEV. (O— Private First Class, of Wm- GERHARD Kupker. Entered service Aug. in dom. Minn. Son of Orrin C. Kibbey. Enlisted April Son of G. 28, 1918 8th Co. Depot Brigade and received training at Camp i6, 1917 in Co. G, ist Minn. Inf. Trained at Ft. Snell- Grant, 111. Transferred Sept. 15, 1918 to Infantry Re- ing. Transferred Aug. 5» I9'i7 to 135th U. S. Inf. 34tb Grant. Received his discharge Div. Discharged Mar. 17. 1918 at Camp Cody. placement at Camp Jan. 6, 1919.

(2)— Private First Class, of Windom. LESTER T. KLOCK, ORVILLE KNUTSON, fi2) — Private, of Lamberton, Minn. Son of E. H. Klock. Entered service June 28. Minn. Son of Charles Knutson. Entered service June 25, igi8 in Co. B, 309th F. S. B. 84th Div. Trained at 1917 in Hcj. Co., 342d Infantry, 86th Div. Trained at Camp Camp Taylor. Sailed from New York Sept. 9. 1918 for Grant, 111. Promoted to rank of cook Feb. 13, 1919. France. Was at the front ready for the attack on Metz Sailed from Hoboken, N. Sept. 9, 19 19 for France. when the armistice was signed. Received his discharge J. Was stationed at Camp Lemans, France. Left France at Camp Dodge, la., July 11, 1919- July 2, 1919, and was discharged at Camp Dodge, July 21, 1919.

CLARENCE O. KXUDSON. (3)—Gunner's Mate, of West^ brook, Minn. Son of Erick Knudson. Entered service JOHN H. KLIEWER. ( 13)— Private, of Mountain Lake, July 30, 191 7 in Co. 49. Trained at Norfolk, \'a. Minn., son of John Kliewer. Entered service Sept. Transferred Dec. 23, 19 17 to U. S. S. . Re- J. 21, 19 7 in Co. B, St Inf., 88th Div. ceived his discharge at Minneapolis, Minn., June 23, 1919. 1 351 Trained at Camp Dodge, la. Transferred Nov. S, 1917 to Q. M. C. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, June 5. 1919.

FRANK W. KILGORE, (4)—Wagoner of Windom, Minn. Entered service Aug. 15. 1918 in Co. I, 2d Regiment. JOHN D. KELLER, ( 14)—Private, of Bingham Lake. Son Trained at University of Minnesota. Transferred Oct. 15, of Adam Keller. Entered service Oct. 23. 19 18 in Co. 191S to E. V. ^\. C. 62. Promoted to wagoner .^.pri! 4. C, 378th Inf., 97th Div. Received training at Camp Cody. Sailed from Hoboken, N. for France Nov. 1919. J. 13, No date given as to when he was discharged. 1919. Received discharge at Camp Grant, jMay 13, 1919.

WILLIAM KREVKES, (15)— Private, of Storden, Minn. PAUL C. KOOB, (5)—Private, of Windom, Minn. Son of Son of I. FI. Kreykes. Went into service Aug. 17, 19 iS Charles Koob. Entered service Oct. 7, 19 18 in Co. i, in Co. 12 Sqdn. i Prov. Reg. A. S. A. P. Spruce L)iv. 2d Regiment at the University of ^Minnesota. Discharged Was trained at \'ancouver Barracks, Wash., where he re- at Minneapolis Dec. 11, 1918. ceived his discharge Dec. 16, 1918.

WILLIE C. KAROW, (6)— Private, of Sanborn, Minn. WILLIAM M. KNUTSON, (16)—Private, of Westbrook. Son of Julius Karow. Entered service Oct. 22, 1918 in Son of Erick Knutson. Went into the service June i. Co. F, 3S7th Inf., 97th Div. Received training at Camp 1918 in 37th Co. C. A. C. Jefferson Barracks, Mo. Trained Cody. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, Dec. 13, 1918. at Ft. Totten, N. Y. Transferred Aug. 24, 19 18 to 74th C. A. C. Band, Fort Schuyler, N. Y. Sailed from Hobo- ken. N. J. Sept. 23, 1918 to France. Served with the A. E. F. from Sept. 23, 1918 to Dec. 13, 1918, when he returned to Camp Dodge and was discharged Jan. 9, 1919.

CONRAD KRAFT, (7)— Private First Class of Oilman. III. Son of John J. Kraft. Entered service June 24, 191S in Co. E, 331st Field Artillery, Blackha'wk 86th Div. Trained at Camp Grant and Camp Robinson. Trans- GEORGE E. KILGORE, ( 17)—Private, of Windom. Son ferred to Camp Mills, Long Island, N. Y. Sept. 17, 191S of A. E. Kilgore. Went into the service July 6. 1918 in where he left for France via Liverpool, England. Sailed the Coast Artillery and received training at Ft. Wil- from France Jan. 18, 1919 and received discharge at liams. Transferred August, 1919 to 5 Anti--\ircraft. Left Camp Dodge, Feb. 18, 19 19. Camp Merritt for overseas duty and was half way across when the armistice was signed and then returned. Was discharged at Camp Grant, 111., Dec. 6, 19 18.

FRED C. KAROW. (8)—Private of Jeffers, Minn. Son of Henry Karow. Entered service Feb. 22, 1918 in Co. E, B. KELLEHER, (18)— Private, of Windom. 350th Infantry Reg. Received training at Camp Dodge, WILLIAM Son of Dennis Kelleher. Went into service Oct. 23. 19 18 la. Transferred May 5, 1918 to 3d Div. in South Caro- in Co. B, 388th Inf., 97th Div. Trained at Camp Cody. lina. Sailed from New York May 11, 19 18 for France Mex. Transferred to Co. i. Ordnance Dept., Fort via Liverpool, England. Served in the transport troops. N. N. Mex., where he was discharged ]\Iay Sailed from France Mar. 16, 19 19 and received discharge Wingate, 7, 1919. at Camp Dodge April 10, 1919.

ALBERT A. KELLER, (19)—Private, of Bingham Lake. EARL M. Private, KELLER. (9)— of Bingham Lake, Minn. Son of Adam Keller. Went into the service Sept. 21. Son of Adam Keller. Served with the Medical Detach- 19 1 7 in Medical Detachment 351st Inf. Trained at Camp ment at Camp Cody where he received training. Was Dodge. la. Served across and returned IVIay 20, 19 19 discharged at Ft. Bayard, N. Mex. and was discharged at Camp Dodge, June 6, 1919.

JOHN FL KRETTZ. (10)—Mechanic, of Windom. Minn. Son of David Kreitz. Enlisted April :6. 1917. in Co. F, CHRIS A. KAIHOI, {29)—Corporal, of Storden. Son of 135th Reg. 34th Div. Received training at Camp Codv Mrs. Anna Kaihoi. Went into service May 27. 19 18 in and Ft. Snelling. Transferred Nov. 15, igi8 to 8th Armv Co. 26, 1 66th Depot Brigade. Trained at Camp Lewis. Corps, Headquarters Troops. Sailed from New York Was transferred to 91st Div. and later to 8ist Div., Camp June 18. 1918 for Le Havre, France via Liverpool, Eng- Mills. Sailed from Hoboken Aug. 8. 1918 for France. land. Was not engaged in any active fighting. Sailed Participated in the Marinville and Verdun engagements. from Brest, June 12. igig and was discharged at Camp Sailed from France May 27. 1919 and was discharged at Dodge, Iowa, June 25. 1919. Camp Grant, June 17, 19 19.

HOLDEN LIEM, (i)— Corporal, Bingham Lake. Son o£ ARTHUR LEHNHOFF, (11)— Private, Storden. Son of Chas. A. Liem. Entered the service Apr. 8, 191 8, in Nicklos LehnhofF. Entered service June 15, 1918 in Bat- Cincinnati Training School, Cincinnati, Ohio. Transferred tery A, 40th Field Artillery, 14th Div. Trained at St. June 15. 191S in Battery C, 4th Bn. Camp Jackson, S. C. Paul at the U. of M. Transferred Aug. 13, igi8 to Transferred July 15, 1918 to Co. E, 3rd Corps Art. Rk. Camp Custer, Mich. Received discharge at Camp Dodge, Camp Wadsworth, S. C. Sailed from Newport News, Aug. la., Feb. 7, 1919- 28, 1918 for France. Participated in the Meuse-Argonne Offensive. Sailed from France, June 26, igig and was discharged at Camp Dodge, July 15, 1919. CHRIS LOHSE, (12)—Wagoner, Westbrook. Son of John Lohse. Entered service Feb. 22, 1918 in Battery A, 339th F. A., SSth Div. at Camp Dodge, la. Transferred Mar. Enoch MARK T. LANE, (2)—Sergeant, Windom. Son of 25, 1918 to 43d Rd., Eng., Oct. 15 to Co. 49, 20th Enf. Lane. Entered service Sept. 21, 1917 in Co. C, 351st Inf., Promoted to wagoner Nov. i, rgi8. Sailed from New York York, SSth Div. at Camp Dodge, la. Sailed from New May 22, 19 iS for Brest. France. Sailed from France, Aug. 15, 1918 for France via Liverpool, England. Pro- June 7, 1919 and was discharged at Camp Dodge, June moted to Corporal Oct. 26, 19 17 and to Sergeant, Nov. 24, 1919. 27, 1917. Participated in the Center Sector Haute Alsace and Argonne Woods. Sailed from France May 20, 1919 and discharged at Camp Dodge, June 6. 19 19. LEO LOOF, (13)—Private, Mt. Lake. Son of John Loof. Entered service June 24; igiS in Battery E, 331st Field Artillery, S6th Div. Trained at Camp Robinson. Sailed L. LUXD, (3) Xo record could be obtained of Mr. LEO — from New York, Sept. 15, iqi8 for France via England. Lund's service up to the time of going to press, but he While there was transferred to Co. M, 7th Inf., 3d Div., saw service in France and regret we cannot record his Camp Anderach, Germany. Sailed from France Aug. record here. 15, 1919 and was discharged at Camp Dodge, Aug. 31, 1919.

BERNARD M. LUXD, (4)—Corporal. Heron Lake. Son ANTON M. LEXHOFF, (u)—Cook, Windom. Son of of Olaf Lund. Enlisted at Mankato Dec. 1 1, 191 7 in Nichols Lenhoff. Entered service Sept. ig, 1917 in Co. the Air Service Squadron. Trained at Battle Creek, B, 351st Inf., SSth Div. at Camp Dodge, la. Transferred Mich. Transferred to 274th Aero Squadron, Talljfcro Nov. 15. 1917 to Co. E, 313th Ammunition Train. SSth Field No. 2, Everment, Texas, and later to 379the Aero Div. Sailed from Hoboken Aug. 17, 191S for France via Squadron, Carruthers Field, Fort Worth, Texas. Re- England. Sailed from France May 20, 1919 and was dis- ceived his discharge at Camp Dodge, Mar. 29, 1919. charged at Camp Dodge, June 11, 1919.

MARTIN O. LOKKEN, {5)— Corporal, Windom. Son of JENS LARSON. (15)— Corporal, Westbrook. Son of Nels August Lokken. Enlisted July 15, 1917 in the 2d Minne- Larson. Entered service April 29, 191S in Co. A, 313th sota Infantry in Co. F, at Worthington, Minn. Was trans- Ammunition Train, SSth Div. Trained at Camp Dodge, ferred to 136th Inf. 34th Div. and later to Co. B, 308th la. Transferred May, 1918, to goth Div, Camp Travis. Inf., 77 th Div. Received training at Camp Cody, X. Promoted to Corporal Oct. 10, 1918. Sailed from Hoboken Mex. He sailed for France the forepart of 19 18 and June 20, 19 18 for France. Participated in the St. Mihiel, participated in the Alsace-Lorraine, Vesle, Aisne and the Meuse-Argonne and Villers en Haye-Puvenelle Meuse-Argonne Offensives, and was with the Famous Lost Sector. Was with the Army of Occupation in France. Was Battalion. Corporal Lokken returned to the States April wounded in the Meuse-Argonne Offensive Nov. ist. Sailed 2n, 19 19 and was discharged at Camp Dodge, Iowa in from Trince May 26, May, 1919. 1919 and was discharged at Camp Grant. June 16, 1919.

ELI R. LUND, (6)—First Lieutenant, Windom. Son of LYMAN J. LINGBECK, (16)—Private, First Class, Jeffers. Mrs. A. C. Lund. Enlisted May 14, 1917 in First Offi- Son of John Lingbeck. Entered service igiS cers' Training Camp at Fort Snelling. Minn. Transferred May 10, in Headquarters Co., 77th Reg. Trained at Fort Aug. 29, 1917 to Camp Dodge, la. to the 88th Div. and Totten, N. Y. Transferred to Headquarters Co., 47th Aug. 30, igiS to Washington, D. C. Sailed from New Reg. Sailed from Camp Stewart, Va., for France, Oct. York to Liverpool, England, and served in the Staff 10, 191S. Received his discharge at Camp Dodge, March 12, igig. Hdqrs. at Ramsey, England. Was promoted to First Lieu- tenant May II, 191S. Sailed from France Dec. 15, 1918 and received discharge at Camp Meade, Md., Ian. 1 1, 1919. CHRIS LOKEN, (17)— Private, Windom, Minn. Born Feb. 23, 1S90. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Loken. En tered the service Feb. 23, 1918, in Co. E. 313th Supply Train at Camp Dodge. Iowa, H.ARRY LIEM, {7}— Private First Class, Bingham Lake. where he trained for some time and later was transferred to Camp Donaphin, Okla., Son of Chas. A. Liem. Entered service May 4, 19 18. to Co. C, i2gth Machine Gun Bn., 35th Div. Transferred from Jefferson Barracks May 27, 1918 to Ft. He left for France March 24, 19 iS. Was participant Leavenworth. Sailed from Hoboken June 21, 1918 for in the Meuse-Argonne Offensive, when on Sept. Le Havre, France. Participated in the St. Mihiel, Meuse- 27th he was wounded, consequently being laid up in Argonne Offensive. Served in Co. A, 305th Field Signal the hospital eight months. He arrived in N. Y. May 24th and Battalion, 80th Div. Sailed from France May 20, 1919. was dis- charged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, June 27, 1919. and received discharge at Camp Dix, N. J., June 11, 1919.

EARL LIEM. (8)—Private, Bingham Lake. Son of Chas. HALFDON C. LARSON, {18)—First Class Musician, Du~ A. Liem. Entered service Oct. 1, 19 19 in Co. C, S. A. luth. Son of Edward Larson of Windom. Enlisted April T. C. at Northfield, Minn. Discharged at Northfield. Dec. 10. 1917 at Duluth and served with the 125th F. A., 10, 1919. formerly the Third Minnesota, as First Class Musician. This regiment was also overseas. Received his discharge Jan. 22, 1919.

CHRIS A. LARSON, fg)~Private. Storden. Son of Anton Larson. Entered service May 27, 1919 in Co. 26, i66th Depot Brigade at Camp Lewis, Wash. Transferred June EARL McCORMICK, (19)—Private, First Class, Bingham 21, 1919 to Co. B, 316th Am. Tr., 91st Div. Sailed from Lake. Son of John McCormack. Entered service May 2, Hoboken for France via England. Sailed from France 191S in Co. C, 53d Reg. 6th Div. Trained at Camp April 8, igig and received his discharge at Camp Dodge, Wadsworth. Promoted to First Class Private June 15, la., May 7, igig. 19:8. Sailed from New York for France via England. Participated in the Alsace-Lorraine and the Meuse-Argonne Offensive. Sailed from France Sept. 2, 19 ig and was discharged at Camp Grant, HI., Sept. 22, 1919. RAYMOND W. LOWRY, do)—Asst. Band Leader, Worth- ington. Son of C. W. Lowry. Windom. Enlisted April 25, igi7 in Hq. Co., 2d Minn. Inf. Trained at Camp Cody, N. M. Transferred to H(|. Co., 136th Inf., 34th JOHN E. MINION, (20)— Private, Bingham Lake. Son of Div. Sailed from New York for Liverpool, England, N. Minion. Entered service Oct. 23, 19 18 in Co. B, 388th to France. Promoted to Asst. Band Leader, June i. 1917. Inf.. 97th Div. Trained at Camp Cody. Transferred to Sailed from France, Feb. 22, 19 19, and was discharged Co. B, 366th Machine Gun Co., 97th Div. Discharged at Camp Grant, 111., March 17, 1919. at Camp Dodge, Dec. 13, 191S.

BURT G. MARCV. (i) —Wagoner, Windom. Son of Mr. LAWRENCE P. MORRIS. ( 1 1)— Private, Storden. Son and Mrs. O. C. Marcy. Entered the service Dec. 15. 19 17 of Mr. and Mrs. James Morris. Entered service Oct. 23, in Co. B, 6th Bn., 20th Eng. and trained at American 19 18 in 13th Prov. Recruit Co. Eng. Trained at Ft. University. Washington, D. C. Sailed for France Jan. Benjamin Harrison. Transferred Nov. 16, 1918 to Ft. 24, 19 18 by way of Liverpool. Mr. Marcy was a pas- Oglethorpe, Ga. Discharged at Camp Forrest, Ga., De- senger on the ship Tuscania which was sunk by a Ger- cember, 1918. man torpedo in the Irish Channel, Feb. 5, 19 18. One hundred twenty boys lost their lives but Mr. Marcy was one of the lucky ones. Received his discharge a. Camp Dodge, la., June 8, 1919. 11. W. MITCHELL, (12) —Private, Windom. Son of Moses Mitchell. Entered service July 2, 1918 in Co. C. Eng. Trained at Camp Humphrey. Va. Transferred Aug. 18. 191S to 2d N. C. O. Mr. Mitchell was discharged at "WALTER MILLER, (2)— Private First Class. Windom. Camp Grant, 111., Jan. 14, 1919. Son of Mrs. Hans Miller. Entered the service Jan. 23. 19 18 from Cottonwood County and was sent to Camp Grennin, Co. M, 6ist Inf. 5th Div. After about three months' training he was sent to France, Apr. 16, igi8 and participated in the battles of Vosges Sector, St. OSCAR A. MYERS, (13)—Private, son of Abram and Lucy Mihiel and Meuse-i\rgonne Offensive. Was gassed in the Meyers. Entered the service at Windom, Minn., Aug. 17. Oct. 12, 1918. Was discharged at Camp to Douglas in Co. B, 4^d Inf., Meuse-Argonne, 19 1 7 and was sent Fort Dodge, July 28, 1919. 1 2th Div. He with his Division was transferred to Camp Dodge, then to Tuckhoe Arsenal, then to Camp Devens. Mass.. and finally to Camp Upton, Long Island. Was dis- charged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, June 6, 1919- CLAUDE MEAD. (3) — Private, Windom. Son of Gen. and Lucy Mead. Enlisted in the service Oct. 23, 1919 in the 13th Prov. Ret. Co., Camp Forrest, Ga. Discharged at Camp Dodge, la., Jan. 11, 1919. LEO O. MORIARTY, (14)— Private. Son of Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Moriarty. Entered the service Oct. 2^, 1918, at Windom, Minn., and was sent to Camp Cody in Co. I, 387th Inf., 97th Div. and was discharged at Camp Dodge, EDWIX E. MOORE, (4)—Sergeant First Class, Windom. Dec. 13, 191S. Enlisted Aug. 3. 1917 in the gist Aero Squadron at Ft. Worth. Transferred Oct. 15th to I3gth Aero Sqd., Nov. ist to 27th Aero Sqd., Feb. 23d to 137th Aero Sqd., Gar- den Cily, N. Y. Sailed from Hoboken Feb. 26, 191 8 for France by way of Liverpool, England. Promoted to Cor- DONALD B. M.VRCY, (15) —Private, of Windom, Minn. service poral Sept. 15, 191 7 and to Sergeant Oct. 10, igi8. Dis- Son of Mr. and Mrs. O. C. Marcy. Entered the Indian- charged at Camp Dodge April 15, 19 19. Aug. 14, 1918 in Co. E, I. C. of C, T. D. No. 2. apolis, Ind., where he trained till he was discharged. Here he trained as mechanic and truck driver. He was discharged at Indianapolis, Ind., on or about Dec. 9, 1918. are sorry that we are unable to get the exact SIDNEY S. MATHISEN, (5)—Second Lieutenant, Win- We data tins man. dom. Son of Geo. and Lilly Mathisen. Entered service on Jan. 5, 19 18 in Battery i, O. C. T., Camp Dodge, la. Transferred May 3 to Camp Jackson, S. C. Sailed from Hoboken to Bordeaux, France. Transferred Sept. 2, igiS to Field Artillery Brigade, La Courtine, France. Pro- OSCAR MONES, (16)— Private, W^indom. Son of Mr. and moted to Sergeant Apr. 19. 191S and to 2d Lieut. June i. Mrs. Geo. Mones. Entered the service at Windom, Minn., 191 8. Participated in the Foret de Frehaut and X'ivrotte and was sent to Air Service Mechanic School, Overland Woods engagements. Attended Saumur Artillery School. Building, at St. Paul, Minn.. July i, 191 8 and was in Saumur, France, for three monllis. Was discharged at Co. C, ist Reg., ist Bat. Was to liave been transferred to Camp Dodge, Mar. 18 1919. Minneola. Long Island, the day the armistice was signed. Was discharged at St. Paul, Minn., Dec. 20. igi8.

HAROLD L. McCORM.VCK, (6)—Bingham Lake, Private First Class. Son of John and Lillie McCormack. En- tered service May 27, 19 18 in 26th Depot Brigade at ELMER N. MAGNUSON. (17)—Private, Windom. Son of Camp Lewis. Transferred June 15, 1918 to Co. B, 316th Ole and Bertha Magnuson. Entered service June 15, 191S T., 9tst Div., Lewis. Sailed from Hoboken, N. A. Camp in Co. 3, U. of M. Training Detachment. Trained at St. J. via Southampton, Eng., to Cherburg, France. Sailed Paul. Transferred Aug. 13 to ist Replacement Reg. Eng. from France, April 6, 19 19 and was discharged at Camp Washington Barracks. Sailed from New York Sept. 25. Dodge, May 7, 1919. igi8 for France. Returned to America April 5, 191S. Was discharged at Ft. SnelUng, Jday 12, 1919.

FLOYD MARSHALL, f7)— Private, of Windom, Minn. Born May i, 1897. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Earl E. Mar- shall. Entered service April 16, 19 17 in Co. F, First WILLIS N. NOBLE, (18)— Private First Class, Jeffers. Minnesota, at Fort Snelling. He was one of the first men Son of Mr. and Mrs. D. E. Noble. Entered service Feb. to enlist from our county and we are sorry to sta:t 8. igi8 in Air Service. Trained at Jefferson Barracks. that he was in the service but a short time when illness Transferred to Kelly Field Feb. 15, igi8; to Overland overtook him and the military authorities thought it best Building, St. Paul, Minn.; April ist to 262d Aero Squad- to release him from duty on account of his illness and he ron, Scott Field. Sailed from Boston, Mass., for Eng- was discharged at Ft. Snelling July 3, 19 17. land. Sailed from England Nov. 21, 1918. Dischargca at Camp Dodge, Dec. 21, 1918.

P. R. MITCHELL. (8)—Private. Jeffers. Entered service Sept. 23, 1917 in Co. A, 351st Supply Co. Trained at (19) Private, Hinckley. Minn. Camp Dodge, la. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, la- THOMAS C. NIELSEN, — Son of Henry Nielsen. Entered service May 26, 1918. in Co. C, 316th Am. Train, 91st Div. Trained at Camp Lewis, Wash. Sailed from New York July 12, 19 18 for France. Was in active service in the Meuse-Argonne and O. MORTENSEN, (9) Mechanic, Storden. So.i HERMAN — Lys Scheldt, Belgium. Was at 13th U. S. Staff Hos.n- of H. O. Mortenson, Copenhagen, Den. Entered service tal Nov. 25 to Dec. 26. 19 iS with lung trouble. Was then Sept. 21, 1917 in Co. D, 351st Inf. 88th Div., Camp taken to 37th U. S. General Hospital, England,^ until Jan. Dodge, la. Transferred Nov. 21, 19 17 Ito Co. B, 346tli 4, 1919. Was then sent to U. S. Hospital No. 29, Ft. Inf., S7th Div., Camp Pike, .\rk. Sailed from New York Snelling, were he was discharged June 7, 1919- Aug. 24, 1918 for Liverpool, England. Sailed from France April 14, igig.

HENRY H NELTFELD. (20)— Private, Mountain Lake. of G. Neufeld. Entered service Oct. 23, igi8 in JOHN P. MARKS, ( 10)— Private, Mountain Lake. Son of Son H. at Henry and Mathilda Marks. Entered service April 27, Co. A, Casual Camp, Camp Cody. N. Mex. Trained to 1918 in Co. K, 349th Infantry. Transferred May 12, Camp Cody. Transferred from Co. A, Casual Camp 1918 to Camp Travis, Texas. Was discharged July 18, the Base Hospital, Nov. S, igiS. Discharged at Camp igi8 at Camp Travis on account of poor health. Cody, Feb. 24, igip- I

Cody in the 63d Depot Brigade, and was later OSCAR T. XliLSON, (i) — First Lieutenant, of Windoni, Camp Minn. 'Son of Mr. and Mrs. A. D. Nelson, WinJom, transferred to Camp Dodge in the 97th Div. Was dis- Minn. \'o]unteered his service to his country ten days charged at Camp Dodge, Dec. 13, 191S. after war was declared. He enlisted in Co. G, ist Minn. on May 15. He was transferred to First Officers' Train- ing Camp, Fort Snelling, Minn. Commissioned 2nd Lieut. Inf. Aug. 15, 1917 and assigned to Co. E, 350th Inf., 88tli ERNEST WALTER NELSON, (11) — Private, Mountain to First Lieut. .\ug. i, 1918 and sailed Div. Promoted Lake. Son of Mr. and Mrs. C. J. Nelson. Entered ser- :i, some service in the for France, Aug. 1918. Saw vice Aug. 28, 1918 in Co. 8, Depot Brigade, Camp Crant. expert wi h Argonne Offensive. Lieut. Nelson was an Transferred Sept. 18, 1919 to Co. I, Infantry Reiilace- the bayonet and was employed as instructor of that art meut and Training Troops. Trained at Camp Grant. Was while at Camp Dodge. discharged at Camp Grant Jan. 30, 1919.

P. NELSON, (2) Private, of Westbrook. Sin Westbrook. Son of EDWARD — EDWIN T. NELSON. (12) — Private. of Peter Nelson, Westbrook, Minn. Entered the service Hans Nelson. Entered service Sept. 21, 1917 in Co. Minn., and was sent to Camp J.' May 26, 19 18 at Windom, A, 351st Inf., 88th Div. at Camp Dodge, la. Transferred Depot Brigade. Transferred to Lewis, Wash., in Co. 26, to Aug. Remount Depot at Camp Dodge. Discharged at Bn. 91st Div. Sailed from .\'. Y. Co. A, 346th M. G. Camp Dodge April 17, 1919- for France July 7, 191S and participated in the battles of St. Mihiel, Argonne and Flanders, Belgium. Was in- jured in truck accident at Cosmes, I-Vance. Was dis- Fort Snelling, .May 22, 1919. charged at of UELMER E. NELSON, (13)—Private, Westbrook. Son 1918 in Co. JIans I. Nelson. Entered service Feb. 22, E 163d Depot Brigade, 88th Div. at Camp Dodge. Trans- ferred to Co. F, 33d Engineers, 76th Div.. Camp Devens, Private First Class. Son of Mr. and ALEX NELSON, (3)— Mass.; to Co. E, 304th Field Artillery, -7th Div., Camp service Mrs. Carl Nelson, Windom, Minn. Entered the Utilities Detachment, Camp Upton. Upton, .\. Y. I to 1 8 in the Dept. of Chemical Warfare, and was May II, 19 Discharged at Camp Grant. 111., July 2, 1919. sent to New York. Was employed in the manufacture of gas, gas masks and other work in connection with chem- ical warfare. Was discharged at N. Y. Jan. 31, 1919. Ot^cer, \\r>REW GEORGE NELSON, f 14)— Chief Petty ' U S N A. R. F., Westbrook. Son of Peter Nelson. Enlisted Jan. 25, 1918. Trained Naval Air Station, Pensa- P.. NELSON, (4)— Corporal, of Windom, Minn. iC to WALTER cola, Fla'. Promoted Dec. i, igiS from M. M. A. D. Nelson of Windom, Jlinn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Chief Petty Officer, including flying orders. Released on in First Minn, at Fort Snell- Volunteered .\pril 16, 1917 inactive duty Mar. 20, ipig. ing, and was later transferred to Cam) Cody in Co. G, 135th Inf., 34th Div. Sailed for France Oct. 12, igiS but arrived too late to get into the big game, and was discharged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, Feb. 17, 1919. Walnut Grove. RYDER A. N.VCKERUD, ( 15)—Corporal, Son of A. P. Nackerud. Entered service May 24, 1917 Cody. in Co M. G. ist Minn. Inf. Trained at Camp 34th Div. Transferred Aug. 15, to M. G. Co., 135th Inf., T. NELSON, (5)— Cadet, of Windom, Jlinn. m CLARENCE Discharged May 5. 1918. Re-enlisted May 26, 1919 Born Aug. 1, 1S94. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Carl Nelson. Transferred to Lamp Field --\rt.. Jefferson Barracks. Entered tlie service July i, 1918 in 30th Aero Squadron. Corporal June Meade in oversea Repl. Dep. Promoted to Trained at Mechanics School, St. Paul, Minn. Sept. 15, 10, 19 19. Sailed from Hoboken for France. igi8 he w-as transferred to F'irst Flying Co.. Fort Crook, . He was promoted from rank of Private to the rank of Cadet Sept. 15, 1918, and he was discharged Crook, Nebraska, Nov. 19 18. at I'ort 30, Grove. A. NORSIDEN, (16)—Private, Walnut HENRY Oct 1918 Son of Christ Norsiden. Entered service 21, Cody. Dis- in Co. C, 387th Inf. Trained at Camp charged at Camp Dodge, Dec. 14, 1918. ALBERT D. NELSON. (6) —Private, of Windom, Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. .\. D. Nelson, Windom, Minn. Enlisted in the S. .\. T. C. in Co. C, at Carleton College. Was discharged at Carleton College, Dec. 10, igi8. NEUFELD, (17)— Private First Class, Mountain T-\COB Sept. Take Son of H. C. Neufeld. Entered service Trained at Camp h!':9.7 in C°o' D, 3S.st Inf 88th Div. 88th Uiv. Dodge. Transferred to 3S2d Ambulance Co., HOW.VRD E. NELSON. (7)— Corporal, of Westbrook, via Liver- Sailed from New York Aug. 13, 1918 for France Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. John E. Nelson, Westbrook, Lorraine Sector. pool England. Was engaged in the Minn. Entered the service Nov. 19, ,1917, from Cotton- from France May 22, 1919- Discharged at Camp wood County and was sent to Kelly Field, Texas, and Sailed la., June 15, 1919- was assigned to 665th .\ero S(]uadron. July 8. 1918 was Dodge, traitsferred to 317th -\ero Squadron. Minneola Field, Long Island. Sailed for France by the way of England, and returned Nov. 26, 1918. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, Lom- Iowa, Dec. 20, 1918. NORDVALL, (18)—Private First^ Class, CARL A. Depot Entered service May 25. 1918 m Co. 26. frey. Wash. Transferred Brig le. Trained at Camp Lewis, Bn. 40th Div. June 7, 1918, to i6ist Machine Gun Div. Sailed and then to 318th Machine Gun Bn., 8ist MILO S. NELSON, (8) —Private, of Windom. Son of the \eidun France Sept. 25, 1918. Participated m Mr. and Mrs. John Nelson, Windom, Minn. Enlisted for from Sector and the Meuse- Argonne Offensive. Sailed in the S. A. T. C. at the U. of Minnesota. Was dis- Dodge, 8. 1919 and was discharged at Camp charged at Minneapolis Dec. 14, 1918. France June la., June 29. 1919.

KRISTL-\N \'. NELSON, (9)— Private of Westbrook, First (19)— Private. Windoiu. Son of Class. Son of Mr. and Mrs. .\ndres Nelson. Entered TOH \NNES NEILSON, " Co. N. 6ist Minn., was Nels Neilson. Entered service Feb. 3, 1918 m the service April 29, 1918 at Windom, and Sailed tor Reg. 5th Div. Trained at Camp Greene. assigned to Camp Dodge, Iowa, in Co. F. On May 18, Mihiel 16, 191S. Was engaged in the St. 1918 he was transferred to Co. I, 358th Inf., 90th Div., at France April Offensives. Was gassed in the Camp Travis, Texas. Sailed from N. \'. June 20, 1918 and the Meuse-.Argonne Sailed from France Mar. 8. 1919- for France by way of England. Private Nelson partici- Argonne Forest. Dodge, April 12, 1919- pated in the St. Mihiel and Meuse-.\rgonne offensives, Was discharged at Camp and was wounded by shrapnel in the ileuse-Argonne. Dis- charged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, June 14, 1919.

Cook, iSIt. Lake. Son of FRANK J. NEUFELD, (20)— service Sept. 21, I9i7 m Co. D, J. T. Neufeld. Entered Camp Dodge, la. NELSON, (10)—Private of Westbrook, Minn. Son 35i'st Inf., 88th Div. Trained at HANS Depot. Discharged at of Mr. and Mrs. Andres Nelson. Entered the service from Transferred to .Aux. Remount Cottonwood County on Oct. 23, 1918 and assigned to Cam]) riodge, June 14, 1919.

HENRY W. NESS, (i) —Private, Windom. Son of John Promoted to Corporal Dec. 23, 191 7. Sailed from New Ness. Enlisted April 30, 1917 in 6th Field Battalion, York Oct. 24, for France via England, but did not see Signal Corps, U. S. Army. Trained at JetTerson Bar- any active service. Sailed from France Dec. 28, 1919 and racks, Mo. Transferred May 15, 1917 to Fort Leaven- was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., Jan. 18, 1919. worth, Kansas. Transferred May 27, 1918 to Camp Lewis. Wash, and Aug. 30th to Camp Dodge, la. Was discharged there Nov. 30, 1918. GUY OLSON, (lO—No record could be obtained.

HENRY C. NEUFELD, (2)— Second Lieutenant, Mountain Lake. Son of Cornelius Xeufeld. Entered service Sept. TENNIE H. OLSON, (12)—Wagoner, Jeffers. Son of 21, in Co. D, 351st Inf., 88th Div. Trained at Camp 1917 Pete Olson. Entered service Sept. 21, 1917 in Co. D, Dodge. la. Transferred July 3, to Ordnance Officers' 351st Inf.. 88th Div. Trained at Camp Dodge, la. Training School at Camp Raritan, N. Received over- J. Transferred Dec. 10, 19 17 to Ammunition Train, Camp seas order on Oct. 15, 1918 and reported at Hoboken. Dodge. Transferred April 12, 191 8 to 307 th Sanitary N. J. Promoted to Corporal Oct. 8, igiy, to Ordnance Train, Camp Gorden. Sailed from Hoboken, N. J., May Sgt.', April 26, 1918 and to Second Lieut., Sept. 13, 1918. 19, 19 1 8 for Le Havre, France, via Liverpool. Partici- Received discharge at Hoboken, N. Dec. 11, igi8. J., pated in the Toul Sector, St. MihJel, Meuse-Argonne and Marbache Sector Otfensives. Sailed from France, April 25, 19 19 and was discharged at Camp Dodge, May 19, 1919. LESLIE E. NOBLE, (3)—Corporal, Jeffers. Son of D. E. Noble. Entered service Sept. 21, 1917 in Co. C, 351st Inf., 8Sth Div. at Camp Dodge, la. Transferred Nov. 21. to Co. C, 346th Inf., 87th Div., Camp Pike. Ark. 1917 LARS TOBY OLSON, (13)— Private First Class, Storden. Transferred June 18, 1918 to Camp Dix, N. J. Sailed Son of Tom Olson. Entered service July 2^, 19 18 in Co. from Nev^- -York Aug. 23, 1918 for France via Liverpool, E, 54th Pioneer Inf. Trained at Camp Wadsworth. Trans- England. Was in the Army Candidate School at La Val ferred Aug. 20, 1918 to Camp Stewart, Va. Sailed from Bomne Ain, France. Promoted to First Class Private Newport News, Va. for Brest, France. Took part in the Jan. 18, 1918 and to Corporal June 15, 1918. Sailed from Meuse-Argonne Offensive. Sailed from France June 13, France Feb. 16, 1918 and was discharged at Camp Grant, 1919. Received his discharge at Camp Grant, 111., July 111., March 17, 1919. 5. 1919-

MARTIN NIKLASON, (4) —Wagoner, Walnut Grove. Son B. OLSON, (14)—Mechanic, Westbrook. Son of of August Niklason. Entered service Mar. 12, 19 18, in EDWIN Mons Olson. Entered service June 28, 191 7 in 2d Re- the Coast Artillery. Trained at Fort McKinley. Trans- cruit Co. Trained at Ft. Snelling. Transferred Sept. 26, ferred June I, 1918 to Battery D, 72d Artillery C. A. C. 1917 to Co. L, 4 1 St Inf. at Camp Crook. Promoted to Sailed from Montreal for France Aug. 6, 1918. Sailed Mechanic May 22, 1918. Received his discharge at Camp from France March 29, 1919 and received discharge at Funston May 17, 19 19. Camp Grant, 111.. April 17, 19 19.

PEDERSON. (15)—Private, Storden. Son of CORNELIUS NICKEL, (5)— Private First Class, Moun- JOHN M. J. Sefanias Pederson. Entered service Aug. 19 18 in Co. tain Lake. Son of Jacob Nickel. Entered service Feb. 22, 9, 9th Battalion. Trained at Camp MacArthur, Texas. 1918 in 339th Field Artillery, 88th Div. Trained at Camp K, Transferred Oct. 8, 1918 to Co. D, 329th Inf., 83d Div., Dodge. Transferred April 9, 1918 to Med. Dept.. 163d 10 Co. L, 312th Depot Brigade and Aug. 28 to Med. Dept., igth Div. Nov 24th to 4th Provisional Co., Dec. to Sailed from Sept. 1918 for Did not see overseas service. Was discharged at Camp Inf., 78th Div. Hoboken 28, Brest, France Sailed from Bordeaux, France, May 11, Dodge, la., Feb. 13, 19 19. 1919 and was discharged at Camp Dodge, la,, June 6, 1919.

O. C. OLSON. (6)— Ensign, U. S. N. R. F., Mcintosh, (16)—Private, Westbrook. Son Minn. Entered service June 15. 1918 in \J. S. Naval THORVAL V. PETERSON, in 13th Reserve Forces and was trained at Puget Sound, Wash. of Carl Peterson. Entered service Oct. 23, 1918 training at Forrest, Ga. Transferred to Pel ham Bay, N. Y. Nov. 21, 1918; Jan. Prov. Ret. Co. Received Camp Received discharge at Camp Dodge, la., Jan. 7, 1919. 2, 19 19 to Princeton, N. J., and then to 280 Broadway, New York City, and was discharged at N. Y. City, April 17, 1919.

PETER H. PETERS, ( 17)— Mountain Lake. Son of Hen- ry K. Peters. Entered service Sept. 4, 1918, Co. J3, i6ist OSCAR OLSON, (7)— Private, Storden. Son of H. Olson. Depot Brigade. Received training at Camp Grant, III. Training Troops, Entered service May 27, 19 18 in Co. B, 346th Machine Transferred to 10th Co. and Replacement 4th Co. Training Replacement Gun Co., 91st Div. Trained at Camp Lewis, Wash. and later transferred to and Training School. Sailed from Hoboken for France, but too late to see any Troops. Transferred again to Officers' Dec. active service. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., April Was discharged at Camp Grant 9, 1919- 25, 1919.

WILLIAM C. PETERSON, (18)—C. M. M., Westbrook. with the JOHN F. OELTJENBRUNS, (8)—Private, Mountain Lake. Son of Carl Peterson. Enlisted July 28, 19 17 Son of John Oeltjenbruns. Entered service Aug. 28, U. S. S. Corola. Received training at Norfolk, Va. Pro- to 2c., i, 1918 to M. M. 1918 in 161 St Depot Brigade, at Camp Grant, 111. Trans- moted July 28, 1917 M. M August ferred September, 19 18 to Inf. Replacement Reg. and ist Class and August i, 1919 to C. M. M. Sailed from Sept. 27th to M. G. S. C, Camp Hancock. Discharged at Norfolk, Va. for Brest, France. Sailed from France Ship, Camp Dodge, Feb. 28, igig. Sept. 20, 1919 and was discharged at the Receiving New York, Oct. 16, 1919-

MARTIN A. OLSON, (9) —Private. Heron Lake. Son of Private, Windom. Son of Andrew Olson. Entered service June 25, 1918 in Co. I, NELS H. PETERSON, (19)— service in Vet. 342d Inf., 86th Div. at Camp Grant, 111. Sailed from Christ Peterson. Entered Jan. 28, 1918 Greene, N. C. Received discharge at New York, Sept. g, 1918 via England. Transferred Oct. Corps 306. Camp Camp Dodge, la., March 18, 1919. 24, 19 1 8 to 55th Inf., 7th Div., Camp Jasenville, France. Served in the Puvenelle Sector from Oct. 10 to Nov. i"i, 1918. Sailed from France June 12, 1919 and arrived in New York. Discharged at Camp Dodge, la., June 27, 19 iQ- RAY O. PARR. (20) —Private, Mountain Lake. Son of Hiram Parr. Entered service Jan. 23, igi8 in Battery A, 339th Field Artillery, 88th Div. Trained at Camp la. Transferred to Ft. Des Moines Sept. 3, 1918 OLE OLSOX, f 10)— Corporal. Fleron Lake. Son of Dodge, J. Discharged at Ft. Snell- Tom M. Olson. Entered service Sept. 21, 1917, in Co. and Nov. 20th to Ft. Snelling. ing 22, 1919. I^^, 345th Inf., 87th Div. Trained at Camp Pike, Ark. July

PKRCY T. PETERSON, (i)— First Lieutenant, Windom. ton Roads, V^a., and to U. S. S. Illinois, July 11, 19 18 Son of Mrs. G. A. Peterson. Enlisted June 14. 1917 Discharged at Norfolk, Va., Nov. 30, 1918. with the Ambulance in the French Army. After six months' service with the French Army he joined the American Army in France in the Aviation Branch of the service. In all Lieut. Peterson served 22 months on LYNDON L. PURRIXGTON, (12)—Private. Son of L. the front, and participated in all stunts that Aviators are Purrington. of Windom, Minn. Entered service Oct. 4, called upon to do, and received French Citation for Mer- 19 18 in Co. 12. ist Regiment. Trained at the University itus Service. Lieut. Peterson was connected with the of Minnesota. Discharged Dec. 19, 1918. 95th Air Squadron, attached to the First Army. Returned to the States the latter part of April. 1919 and was dis- charged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, June 25, 1919. FERDINANl) PIOTRASCHKE (13)— Private, son of Mr. and Mrs. Wm. Piotraschke, of Windom, Minn. Entered service June 24. 1918 in Co. L, 309th Regiment, 78th ARTHUR C. PETERSON, Ca)—Ph. M2. Windom. Son of Div. Sailed from New York for France Aug. 31, 19 18. Carl Peterson. Enlisted June 26, 1917- Trained at San Took active part in the St. Mihiel and Argonne Offensives. Francisco, Cal. Transferred Nov. 18, 1917 to Great Lakes Was wounded in the battle of the Argonne, Oct. 16, 191 8. Naval Training Station. Promoted to Ph. M3 Aug. 7, Sailed from France Nov. 26, 19 18 and received discharge 1918 and to Ph. M2 Feb. i5i i9i9- Sailed with the L^. S. at Fort Sheridan Aug. 30, 1919. S. Mongolia between the L^nited States and France, trans- porting troops from October, 1918 to July 6, 1919. \vhen he was discharged at Minneapolis, July 10, 1919- PETER N. PEDERSON, (14)— Sergeant, of Windom. Minn. Entered service Dec. 12, 1917. Received training at Camp Hancock, Ga. Transferred Jan. 27, 1918 to Co. ROSS B. PASSMORE, (3)—Private, Westbrook. Son of 17. 2d Regiment. .\. S. M. Camp Hancock, Ga. Sailed Charles Passmore. Entered service June 4, 19 iS in Co. March 4, 1918 for France via England. Was in service 27. Trained at Delro, Texas. Transferred Aug. i, 191S with the 8th France -\rniy from Ai)ril 6, igi8 to Dec. 12. to 27th Trench Motor Battery, Bowery, Texas. Received 1918. Promoted to Sergeant May i, 1918. Sailed from discharge at Camp Bowery, Dec. 4, 1918. France May i8, 1919 and was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., June 9, 1919.

HENRY H. PETERS, (4)— Private, Mountain Lake. Son of Henry H. Peters. Entered service May 2, 1918 in OTTO A. PUFAHL, (15)—Bugler, of Jeffers, Minn. Son

the 6th Div. Trained at Camp Wadsworth. and trans- of Aug. Pufahl. Entered service Sept. 21, 1 9 1 7 in Co. ferred to Camp Mills. Sailed from New Y'ork for France D, 351st Inf., 88th Div., Camp Pike, Ark. Transferred July 10, 1918. Participated in the Alsace. Meuse- Argonne April 4, 1918 to Co. I, 47th Inf., Camp Greene, N. C. and the Verdun Offensives. Was wounded in action Nov. Sailed from Hoboken May 10, 191S for France. Par- II, 19 18. Sailed from France Tune 10, 1919 and was ticipated in the Aisne-Marne Offensive, \'esle Sector, discharged at Camp Dodge, la., June 18, 1919- Toulon Sector, St. Mihiel and Meuse-Argonne Offensives. Was with the Army of Occupation from the time of the armistice until July 16, 1919 and was discharged at Camp Dodge, la.. Aug. 4, 1919. EDWARD W. PIETZ. (s>— Private First Class, West- brook. Son of Rudolph Pietz. Entered service Oct. 23, 1919. Trained at Camy Cody. N. Mex. Discharged at

Camp Dodge, la., April 3, 1919. HERMAN D. PETERS. ( 16)— Private, of Mountain Lake, Minn. Son of Mr. and iMrs. Peters. Entered the service May 2y, 1918. Served with the gist Div. Received train- ing at Camp Lewis, Wash., and was later transferred to ERNEST E. PIOTRASCHKE, (6)— Private, Windom. Son Camp Mills. New York. Sailed from New Y'ork for

( date not given ) . of Wm. Piotraschke. Entered service Sept. 4, 19 18 in France Saw some service overseas. Returned Co. 4 Inf. Training and Replacement Troops. Trained the latter part of April, 19 19 and was dis- charged at at Camp Grant, 111. Discharged Jan. 29, 1919 at Camp Camp Dodge, May 7, 19 19. Grant, 111.

LEROY^ C. PIETZ. (17)—Private of Windom, Minn. Son HENRY B. PETERS, (7)~Private First Class, Windom. of H. R. Pietz. Entered service Aug. 5, 191S in tne ftisx Son of Herman Peters. Entered service June 25, 19 18 Co. of the 14th Battalion of the Infantry. Trained at in Co. 20. Trained at Camp Grant, III. Transferred from Camp Syracuse. Transferred Nov. i. 1918 to Q. M. C, Co. 20 to Quartermaster Corps. Promoted to Private First Washington, D. C. While at Washington he was in the Class Camp Supply Det. O. M. C. Received discharge at Allotment Branch of the O. M. C. and operated an ad- dressograph Camp Grant, 111., March 25, 1919. machine. He was discharged at Camp Meigs, Washington, D. C, Dec. 23, 1918.

HERMAN M. PIESKES. fS)— Private. Jeffers. Entered FRANK J. POTTER, (18)—Cook-Sergeant, of Windom, service Sept. 21, 1917 in Co. C, 350th Inf., 88th Div. Minn. Son of C. F. Potter. Enlisted at Redwood Falls. Trained at Camp Dodge, la. Transferred Nov. 23, 1917 Minn., with Co. L, 136th Inf., 34th Div. July 17. 1917. to Camp Pike, Ark., to the 87th Div. Was transferred Trained at Camp Cody. N. Mex. Transferred October, to Camp Gieene, N. C. April 16, 1918 where he was until 1918 to 330th Inf., 83d Div. and a little later to the 7th he was transferred overseas. Returned to the \J. S. July Inf. and again in November. 1918 to 157th Inf. Sailed 21. 1919 from Brest, France and was discharged at Camp from New York, Oct. 12, 1918 for Le Havre, France and Grant, 111., Aug. 8, 1919- left France March 27. 1919- Took active part in the Lorraine Sector. Discharged at Camp Dodge, April 24, 1919. MARTIN ELMER PAULSON. (9")—Corporal, Walnut Grove. Entered service June 25. 1918 in Co. A, 86th Div. Trained at Camp Grant, 111. Transferred Oct. 16, HARRY C. PETERSON, f 20)—Corporal of Westbrook. 1918 to Co. G, 89th Div. Promoted to Corporal Aug. 11, Minn. Son of Mr. and IMrs. Theo C. Peterson. Entered 1918. Sailed for France Sept. 9, 19 18 and served over- Camp Wadsworth, S. C, and was assigned to duty with until 19 Received discharge at seas May 13, 19. Camp the 5th Med. Corps. Sailed from Hoboken, N. J., Sept. Dodge, la. ^3. 1917 for St. Nazaire, France and left France March 12, 1919. Discharged at Camp Dodge, April 5, 1919.

ERNEST N. PETERSON, do)—Private First Class. West- brook. Son of Nils Peterson. Enlisted July 28, 1917 in ABRAM B. PANKRATZ, (19)— Private of Mountain Lake. Casual Co. A. Trained at Ft. Jay, New York. Sailed Minn. Entered service July 23. 1917 and trained at from New York for France, Oct. 3, 19 17. Discharged ai service at Camp Dodge in the the 35rst Inf. Co. C. Trans- Camp Dodge, April 22, 1919. ferred Oct. 25, 1917 to Co. C, 135th Inf., 34th Div., Camp Cody, N. Mex., and again transferred to Camp Dix. July 25, 19 18. Sailed from LT. S. and arrived in France Sept. 17, 19 18. Transferred Oct. 20. 19 18 to i42d Inf., MARTIN E. L. PEDERSON, (lO—Seaman, son of Mr. 36th Div. Camp Lemans. France. Promoted to rank of and Mrs. Lars Pederson of Westbrook, Minn. Entered Corporal Aug. 10. 1918. Sailed from France April 19,

service May 13, 1918 in the 138th Regiment. Trained at 19 1 9 and received his discharge at Camp Grant, 111., Oreat Lakes, 111. Transferred June 6. 1918 to Harap- May 7, 1919. H MARTIN PETERSON, (i)— First Class Private, of Wm- Hoboken, N. J., for Brest, France. Was discharged at dom. Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Peter Peterson. En- Camp Douge, la. tered service April 29, 1918 in Co. I, 349th Inf., 88th Div. Trained at Camp Dudge. Transferred to Camp Travis May 18, 1918 to Co. C, 357th Inf., 90th Div. ABRAHAM H. QUIRING, (11)—Private, of Mountain Promoted to rank of First Class Private September i, Lake, Minn. Son of Rev. Henry Quiring. Entered the 1918. Sailed from New York June 20, 191S for France. service September 21. 1917 in Co. C, 351st Inf., 88th Discharged at Camp Grant, 111., April 26, 1919- Division. Trained at Camp Dodge, la. Transferred Nov. I, 1917 to Auxiliary Remount Dept., Camp Dodge. Dis- charged at Camp Dodge June 13, 1919- CHARLES LEE PETERS. (2)— Sergeant, of Minneapolis, Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Anthony Peters. Enlisted Tuly 1917 in S. R. C. U. S. R. A. zzd F. S. Bn. 9, HERMAN R. QUADE, (12)— Private, of Storden, Minn. Trained at Camp Taylor. Ky. Transferred October i. Son of Mr. and Mrs. August Quade. Entered the ser- 1917 to Co. B, 309th F. S. Bn.. 84th Div. Promoted to vice September 21, 1917, in Co. C, 351st Inf.. S8th Div. rank of Sergeant October 26, 191 7. Sailed from New at Camp Ddcige, Iowa. Transferred Nov. 27, 1917 to Co. York September 9, 1918 for France via Glasgow. Scot- C, 316th Inf.. S7th Div., at Camp Pike. On July 27, 1918 land. Sailed from France April 21, 19 19 and was dis- he was transferred to Co. E, 47th Inf., 4th Div. Sailed charged at Camp Dodge, la., May :6, 1919- for France June 20, 1918 by way of Liverpool. Private Quade participated in the Aisne-Marne, X'esle Sector, Tou- lon Sector, St. Mihiel, and the Meuse-Argonne offensives, Musician, Windom. and was with the Army of Occupation seven months. Was T. HOWARD PETERSON, (3)— First Son of Mr. and Mrs. Ole Peterson. Entered service July discharged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, Aug. 4, 19 19. 13, 1918 in Sixth Reg. Band. Trained at Great Lakes. 'Iransterred November 2, 1918 to U. S. S. Mt. Vernon. U. S. S. Mt. Vernon did transport duty. Made fourteen DICK CHRIS UHLENHOPP, (12)— Private. Son of Chris trips across. Discharged at Minneapolis August 11. 1919- Uhlenhopp. Entered the service Oct. 27, 19 18 from Cot- tonwood County and was sent to Camp Cody; in Co. F, 3S7th Inf., and was discharged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, Dec. 12. 1918 WILLIAM A. PIPER. (4)— First Lieutenant M. C. Moun- tain Lake. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Wm. Piper. Entered service October 26, 1919 in Co. 48. Trained at M. O. Discharged at Fort Riley, T. C, Fort Riley, Kansas. WILLIAM A. RAUTKE, (14)—Sergeant First Class, Q. M. Kansas, December 6, 1919- C. Mountain Lake, Minn. Son of Edward Radtke. En- tered the service from Cottonwood Co. Sept. 21, 1917. Was sent to Camp Dodge, Iowa, in Co. A, 351st Inf., 88th 1 )iy. Transferred to Quartermasters Corps. Was pro- of SHERMAN C. PORTER. (5)~Third Class Musician mo, ed to Sergeant Se^t. 4. 1918, and Sept. 27, to Ser- Windom, Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. M. S. Porter. Kn geant First Class, Q. M. C. Discharged at Camp Dodge, listed April 10, 1917, in the band of the 3d Minnesota iGwa, May 14, 1919. Reg.. 34th Div. Trained at Camp Cody, N. Mex. Trans- ferred Tuly 1, 1018 to 8th Heavy Artillery Corps, 2d Army at Fort Sill. Okla. Promoted June i, 1918 to Band Cor- poral. Sailed from Camp Unton. N. Y. for France Srp. HENRY G. RAUSENBERGER, (15)— Private, Westbrook» tember 28, 1918. Discharged at Camp Dodge, la., Jan- Minn. Entered the service July 2^, 19 18, at Windom» uary 22, 1919. Minn., and was ssnt to Camp Wadsworth, S. C. in Co. A, 3d U- S. Pioneer Inf. He was later sent to Camp Stew- art, and then was sent to France, sailing from Newport News. Sailed from France July 11, 1919 and was dis- MAC A. POTTER. (6) —Seaman, of Jeffers. Minn. Son of cliarged at Camp Dodge, la., July 30, 1919. Mr. and Mrs. C. F. Potter. Enlisted March^ 1, 1918 at Minneapolis Recruiting Station. Trained at Great Lakes. Transferred April 14. 1918 to Hampton Roads, Va., and C. ( Private, of on August 18, to U. S. S. Minnesota. Was torped('. d RICHARD REGIER, 16)— Mountain Lake, on the morning of September 28th when 75 miles from Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. John H. Regier. Entered :-, r, (h*. Stplf^mber shore and got in without any heli. No lives were Ics'. sirvce 21, 1917 in Co. D, 351st Inf.„ 88th Div. at Dodge, la. Was transferred again to U. S. S. Kansas October c, Camp Transferred April 8, igi8 to i\Ied:cal 1918. Promoted to rank of seaman October 20 an-i DejarLment. Discharged at Camp Dodge, Tu"y then to Gunpointer first class. Was discharged at Great 7. 1919. Lakes February 24, 19 19.

WILLIAM H. REGIER, (17) — Corporal of Mountain Lake. Son of Mr. and Mrs. H. H. Regier. Entered the LESTER J. PURRINGTON. (7)— Corporal, of Windom, Minn. .Son of Mr. and Mrs. John Purrington. Entered service October 23, 1918 in Co. V, 387th Reg., g7th Div. Trained at Cody. N. service January 2,-^, 1918 in Co. M, 6ist Inf., 5th Di-''. Camp Mex. Promoted to rank of Trained at Camp Greene, N. C. Sailed from Hoboken. Corporal Derember 4, 1918. Discharged at Camp Cody Dec. 10, ypiS. N. J., April 16, 1918 for Brest, France. Participated in the St. Mihiel. \'iolu Hill, Le \'ogues, Argonne Forest and Merhenry offensives. Was gassed in the Argonne Forest October 12. 1918. Sailed from France January 10. 1019 GUSTAVE E. RUPP, (18)—Private, of Westbrook, Minn. discharged at Fort SnelHng March 14. 1919- and was Son of Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Rupp. Entered, into the ser- vice Feb. 22, 1918 in Battery A, 339th F. A.. 88th Div. at Camp Dodge, la. Transferred April 12. 19 18 to Med. Det., 163d Depot Brigade, March 15. 1919 to Headquarters HENRY H. PETERSON, (8)—Corporal, of Westbrook. Co., 163d Depot Brigade, and on May 27th to Hdq. Det. Minn, Son of Mr. and Mrs. Hans H. Peterson. Entered Demobilization Group. Received his discharge at Camp the service February 22, 1918 in Co. E. 313th Supp'y Dodge, August 19, 19 19. Train, 88th Div. at Camp Dodge, la. Promoted to rank of F'irst Class Private March iS and to Corporal April 18, 1918. Sailed from New York August 24, 1918 for I-'rance via Liverpool, England. Was with the A. E. F. and PETER r>. REMPEL, (19)—Machinist Mate First Class. served in the Haute Center Sector from October 12 to U. S. Navy, of Mountain Lake, Minn. Son of Mr. and November 4, 1919- Sailed from France May 21, 1919 Mrs. Deidrich Rempel. Entered the service June 28,

and was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., June 28, 1919. 1 918 at Dun woody Naval Training Station. Transferred Feb. 17, 1919 to Bay Ridge Receiving Ship, N. Y, Transferred again on March 5, 1919 to U. S. S. Shoshone, N. Y. Promoted to Machinist Mate 2d Class Feb. 17. VALDIMAR K. QUEVLI, (9)—Private, of Windom, Minn. 1919, and to First Class June 15. 1919. Sailed from New Son of Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Quevli. Enlisted March 9. York for St. Nazaire. F'rance. Was in the transport 19 18. Trained at Wilbur Wright Field. Transferred to service. Discharged at Minneapolis. Minn., August 8. 1919. 270th Air Squadron. Sailed from Camn Merritt for France June 22, 1918. Discharged at Camp Dodge, la., July 21, igig. JACOB P. RATZLAFF, (20)—Private, of Mountain Lake. Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Peter J. Ratzlaff. Entered the service June 25, 191S in Co. 20, 161st Depot Brigade, at Grant, III. Transferred July CHRIS J. QUADE, (10)—Private, of Comfrey, Minn. Son 86th Div. Trained Camp of Mr. and Mrs. Fred Quade. Entered into the service 7, 1918 to Co. C, ist Dev. Battalion U. S. Army. Dis- Feb. 22, 1918 in Co. A, 55th Eng., 85th Division. Trained charged September 5. 19 18 on account of physical disa- at Camp Dodge, la., and Camp Custer, Mich. Sailed from bility from Camp Dodge, la. % GEORGE H. RAXU, (i i 1— Corporal, of Jeffers, Minn. Son CHARLES D. RICHMOND, M. D. (i)—First Lieutenant, of Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Rand. Entered the service Feb. of Teffers, Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. W. H. M C 1918 in Co. I, 58th Inf., 4th Div. Camp Green, N. C. Richmond. "Enlisted Jan. ^8, IQ18 in Medical Officers 12, Sailed for France May 7. 19 18 by way of London, Eng. Corps. Trained at Fort Riley, Kansas. 1 rans- Reserve Participated in the St. Mihiel, Toulon. Marne and Ar- the 34th Division March 19, 1919- Sailed from ferred to gonne offensives. Received citation for bravery in the Dix Sept. 11, 19 iS for France, where he spent Camp Argonne offensive. He was with the Army uf Occupation seven months in the hospital service. Returned to about nine months. Sailed from France July 24, igig. Dis- the States May i, 1919. and was discharged at Camp Up- charged at Camp Dodge, Aug. S, 1919- ton. N. v., May 20, 1919-

PAUL REESE. (12) — Private First Class, of Windom, Minn. (2) Sergeant, of Westbrook, Minn. Son JOHN N. ROSS, — Son of Mr. and Mrs. R. H. Reese. Entered the service Mrs. Grant Ross. Entered the service Sept. of Mr. and 1918 in Med. Dept., Camp Dodge, Iowa. Trans- Cottonwood County, and was sent to Camp Feb. 25, ^i, 1917 from ferred Sept. 25. 1918 to Evacuation Hosp. No. 25, again Dodge. la., in Co. D. 351st Inf., S8th Div. Transferred May 1, 1919, to Hosp. Train No. 8, and Aug. 15. 1919 to 21 to Co. D. 346th Inf., 87th Div. at Camp Pike, Nov. 1917 Hosj. Train No. 69. Sailed for France Nov. 12, 1918, and Transferred Sept. 18, 1918 to Inf. C. O. T. S. of the Ark. returned from France Oct. 25, 1919 and was discharged Promoted to Corporal October 30, 19 17 and S8th Div. at Camp Dodge, Iowa, Nov. 10, 1919- to Sergeant August i. 1918. Date of discharge not given.

WALTER E. RISTVEDT, (13)—Seaman Second Class, of (3)— Private, of Storden. Minn. GEORGE D. RUHBERG. Westbrook, Minnesota. Son of Mrs. John Ristvedt. En- of and Mrs. Carl Ruhberg. Entered the ser- Son Mr. tered the service May 10, igi8 and trained at Great Lakes vice Feb. 8. 1918 in the 16th Casual, Jefferson Barracks, Naval Training Camp. Transterred June 7. 1918 to B"-nnk- Transferred Feb. 22, 1918 to Aero Squadron 620. at Mo. lyn. New York, and on June 11, 19 18 to Philadelphia. Kellv Field; and again Mar. 20. 1918 to 325th Aero Sailed from Philadelphia for Queenstown, Ireland June 13. Morrison, Va. Transferred again June 5, Squadron, at 1918, and served seven months in European W'aters during Aero Squadron, Mulberry Island. Sailed 1918 to 325th the war and made three trips with troop Transport. Dis- from New York, Tuly 26, 191S for France via Liverpool, charged at Alinneapolis, Minn., Aug. 28, 19 19. England. Returned to the States Dec. i, igiS and was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., Dec. 20, 1918. FRANK A. RANDALL, (14)— Private, of Windom. Minn. Son of John S. Randall. Entered the service Feb. 22, (4)—Private, of Windom, Minn. CLAUDE E. ROGERS, 1918 in Co. M, 350th Inf., 88th Div., Camp Dodge, Iowa. of Mr. and Mrs. Homer Rogers. Enlisted Dec. 14. Son Transferred April 6, 191S to Lo. A, 117th int.. 30th Div., in Truck Co. 23d Engineers. Trained at Camp 1917 4, Camp Sevier, S. C. Sailed from Hoboken for France via Sailed for France Mar. 30. igiS and par- Meade, Md. England, May 11, 191S. Served in the Front Line the battles of St. Mihiel, Sept. 12. lo Sept. ticipated in Trenches at Ypres. Camel Hill No. 60 and Hindenburg 16. and the Meuse-Argonne from Sept. 26 to Nov. 11, Line. He was gassed in a battle at Brancourt, Oct. 8, 191 8. Sailed from France June 7, 19 19 an

BTARNE RA\ N. M. D., (6)—First Lieutenant, of Win- KLA.VS ROL, (16) — Sergeant, of Windom, Minn. Son of "doni, Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. M. Ravn, INIerriJl, Wis. Mr. and Mrs. Klaas Kol. Entered the service May 2, Enlisted June 26, 1919 and entered the service Sept. 4, 1918 in Co. F. 6th Ammunition train, oth lnv., b ..rlen- 1919, in M. O. T. G. at Camp Greenleaf. Transferred to burg, S. C. Sailed from New Y'ork, July 16, 1918 for Evacuation Hospital Group, Camp Greenleaf, Oct. 11, 1919- Le Havre, France, i^articipaied in tne AKuse-Argonn^; Discharged at Camp Greenleaf Dec. 9, 1919- offensive. He was promoted to the rank of horse shoer, June 15, 1918 and to Sergeant Nov. 19, 1918, was takkn sick with pneumonia March 5, 1919 and sent home as a (7) Private, of Windom, Minn. Son MEAD E. ROGERS, — Casual and was discharged at Camp Grant, 111., May n7, of Mr. and Mrs. E. E. Rogers. Enlisted Oct. 23, 1918 in 1919. 13th Prov. Ret. Co., Camp Forrest, Ga. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., Jan. 7, 1919- H.^ L. SAMPSON, C17)—Private, of Westbrook, Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. John Sampson. Entered the service ERIC E. RECTOR. (8)— Sergeant, of Mountain Lake. Aug. 27, 191 8 in Co. 8, i6ist Depot Brigade, Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. E. M. Re(*tor. Entered the Camp Grant, ill. Transferred Sept. 27, 1918 to - amp Jrian- service Sept. 21, 19 17 in Co. D. 351st Inf., 88th Div., cock, , and was discharged at Camp Dodge, Feb. Dodge, la. Transferred November, 1917. to Co. Camp 28, 1919. D, 346th Inf., 87th Div. and again in April, 1918 to Co. L, 39tb Inf., 4th Div. Sailed for France, May 10, 19 1/- Participated in the Aisne-Marne Offensive, St. Mihiel, Meuse-Argonne Offensive, and with the Army of Occu- GRANT SMITH, (18)— Private, of Windom, Minn. Son of pation. Was wounded in the battle of the Meuse-Argonne Mr. and Mrs. George Smith. Entered the service Nov.* II, in Oct. 12, 1918. Made Sergeant Sept. 8, 1918. Sailed from 191S tne \J. b. Maruies at Mmneapolis, Almn., and France July 30, 1919 and was discharged at Camp Dodge, was transferred to Paris Island, 442d Co.. Bn. B. U. S. the la., Aug. 13. 1919. M. C. At time of this publication is still in the ser- vice with Marine Corps in Italy.

ARTHUR L. RENQUIST. (9)—Corporal, of Windom, Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Oscar Renquist. Enlisted April 17, WILL SORTORIUS, <; 19)—Private, of Windom. Minn. Son of Mr. and Jlrs. Wm. Sortorious. Entered service 1 91 7 in First Minnesota G., 34th Div., Fort Snelling. Transferred to Camp Cody, July 25, igi8 in Co. M, i6ist June 26, igi8 in Co. L. 342d Inf., 86th Div.. Camp Grant. Inf., 41st Div. Sailed for France July 29, 1918 and re- 111. Sailed from New Y'ork Sept. g, 1918 for France. turned to the U. S. in May, 1919, and was discharged at Participated in the Meuse-Argonne Offensive Nov. 7 to Camp Mills, New York, June 23, igig- II, 1918. Returned to the States and received Ids dis- charge at Camp Grant, June 10, 1919.

JOHN E. RAND, (10)—Private First Class, of Jeffers, E. SAXTON, (20)—Corporal, Jeffers. Minn. Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Rand. Entered the REMMER Sept. service Sept. 1917 in Minnesota 2d Field Artillery. Son of John Saxton. Entered the service 21, 1917. 14, Dodge. Iowa. Transferred Jan. 18, 1918 to the 6ist Inf., 5th Div. at in Co. K. 345th Inf., 88th Div., Camp Pike. Camp Greene, N. C. Sailed for France the fore part of Transferred Nov. 25, 1917 to the 87th Div., Camp Liverpool. Eng. Served 19 18 and participated in the Voge Mts.. St. Mihiel. Sailed from N. Y. for France via No. Meuse-Argonne drives. Wounded in the Meuse-Argonne as Munition Tester and Convoyer from Advance Depot and was discharged drive Oct. 16, 1918. Discharged at Camp Grant May 28. 4. Returned to U. S. Dec. 28, 1918 1919. at Camp Dodge, Iowa, Jan. 18, 1919.

HARRY SOLEM, (i)— Sergeant, of Windom, Minn. Son 2Ti, 1918, from Cottonwood Co. and was sent to Camp For- of Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Solem. Entered the service rest, Ga., in the 13th Prov. Ret. Co., and was discharged April 8, 19 18 in Aviation School at Cincinnati, Ohio, at- at Camp Dodge, Iowa, in the fore part of January, 19 19. tached to the 41st Division. Transferred June 10, igi8 He again re-enlisted Feb. 7. 1919, in the Merchant Ma- to Camp Jackson, S. C. in the Art Replacement Camp. rine, and at the time of this publication is still in the Sailed from Camp Merritt, X. J., June 20, igiS for France. service, with the rank of Petty Officer. Promoted to the rank of Sergeant Sept. 2S, 19 18. Re- turned to U. S. March 26, 1919. Discharged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, April 22, 1919. COXKAD STEEN, ( 12)— Bugler, Walnut Grove, Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Carl Steen. Entered the service July 13, 19 18 from Cottonwood Co., in Battery B, .sth SIMOX C. SNYDER. (2)—Private, of Windom. Minn. Reg. at Camp Zachary Taylor. He was later transferred Son of Mr. and Mrs. K. Snyder. Entered the service to Co. £ of the same regiment in the Field Artillery. Was April 8, 1918 in the U. of C. Cincinnati, Ohio. Trans- discharged at Camp Taylor Dec. 14, igiS. ferred July 20, 19 1 8 to Headquarters Co., 147th F. A., 32d Div. Sailed from New York for France via Eng- land. Returned to the U. S. May 1, 1919 and was dis- charged at Camp Dodge, May 25, 19 ip- JACOB A. SCHMIDT. { i.^)—Private. Mountain Lake, Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Schmidt, entered the service April 29, 1918 in Co. H, 349th Inf., 88th Div. at Camp Dodge, Iowa. Transferred May 3, igiS, to 35^d DEWEY E. SEVERSON, (3)—Private, of Windom, Minn. Reg. Hospital, 88th Div., and in June in the 163d Depot Son of E. J. Severson. Entered the service Oct. 1 1, Brigade, and on Sept. 19, 1918, to the Quartermasters* 1918 in Co. S, Reg. i. University of Minn., S. A. T. C, Dept. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, June 13, Alinneapolis, Minn. Discharged at Minneapolis, Minn., 1919. Dec. II, 1918.

CLYDE H. SHAXEK, ( 14)— Private, Storden. Minn. Son SA:\I SMEDEGAARD. (4)—Gunner, of Westbrook. Minn. of Mr. and Mrs. Charles Shaner. Entered the service Enlisted in Minneapolis. Minn., in the Canadian Artillery. July 29, 1918 in Co. A, 211th Engineers at Camp Forrest. Sailed from Montreal, Canada, for England where he re- Ga. Was transferred Sept. 12. 1918 to Co. I, ist Train- ceived his training and then was sent to France, where ing Bn., and on Oct. 12, 1918 to Camp Hospital at__ C;_ami' ~ he participated in the \'alenciennes, Amiens, Hill X'o. 70 Forrest, Ga. Received his discharge at C am;) Forrest,"^ and Vimy Rirfge Offensives. Gunner Smedegaard was Ga., Dec. 24, 1918. wounded in the battle of Amiens Aug. 3, 19 18 and was discharged at Winnipeg. Canada, March 30, 19 19.

PERCY E. SHAXER, (15)— Corporal, Storden. Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Charles Shaner. Entered the service HEXRY J. SCHMIDT, (5)— Private, of Jeffers, Minn. June 26, 1917 from Cottonwood Co. and was sent to Son of Mr. and Mrs. Peter Schmidt. Entered the service Jefferson Barracks, Mo., and then to Camp Fort Mc- Feb. 18, igiS in Co. I, 4th Div., Camp Green, S. C. pherson, Ga. Jan. 6, igiS he was transferred to Fort Sailed from New York for Calais, France and participated Oglethorpe, Ga.. and on April 12. 1918 to Camp Joseph in the Battle of Chateau-Thierry. Wounded in the battle E. Johnston. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, Mar. of Chateau-Thierry on Aug. 4, 1918, disabling him for 21, 1919. three months after which he returned for active duty to his company. He returned to the XJ. S. March 5, igrg and was discharged at Camp Zachary Taylor April 16, 1919. RAY F. SMITH, (16) — Private First Class. Windom, Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Geo. Smith. Enlisted July 13. iQi? in Ambulance Co. 15, 2d Div. at Ft. Benjamin Harrison. H. Corporal, of Jeffers, PAUL SENST, (6)— Minn. Son Sailed from Hoboken, X. J., Dec. i, 19 17. for Brest, of Otto Senst. Entered the service Dec. 10, 1917 in Med. France. Participated in the following Offensives: Verdun Dept., Fort Oglethorpe, Georgia. Discharged at Camp and Toul Troyas Sector; Chateau Thierry, Soissons, Mar- Dodge, Iowa, July 28, 1919. bache Sector, BHnc Mont Champagne advance, and the Meuse-Argonne Offensive, and served about 6 months with the Army of Occupation. Returned to the U. S. April 20. igig. and was discharged at Camp Dodge. Iowa, FREDERICK W. SCHNEIDER, (7)—Private, of West- May 29, 19 19. brook, Minn. Son of Fred Schneider. Entered the ser- vice June 25, 1918 in Co. M, 341st Inf., 86th Div., Camp Grant, 111. Transferred latter part of October, 19 iS to Co. I, 317th Inf., 80th Div. Sailed from Hoboken, X. J., COURTNEY F. SOULE, (17)— Private. Windom, Minn. for Le Havre, France via Liverpool. Eng. Participated in Son of Mr. and Mrs. E. H. Soule. Entered the service the Meuse-Argonne offensives. Sailed for the U. S. ATay Sent. 21, 1917 from Cottonwood Co.. and was sent to 20, 19 ig and was discharged at Camp Grant, IlL, June 16, Camp Dodee, la. in Co. D, 351st Inf., S8th Div. Trans- igig. ferred to Co. I, 346th Inf., 87th Div. at Camp Pike. On April 15. rgiS to Co. D, 3gth Inf., 4th Div. at Camp Greene, N. C. Sailed for France June 4' ig^S. Par- ticipated in the Chateau-Thierry. St. Mihiel and the Meuse- EDWIN HENRY SCHRICHER, (8)—Private, of West- Argonne offensives, and was wounded in the Argonne on brook, Minn. Son of Mr. Tohn Schricher. Ent^r^^d Oct 10, igiS. Reairned to the U. S. Mar. 11. igig. and service June 25, 19 18 in Co. K, 342d Inf., 86th was discharged at Camp Dodge. Iowa. April i, 1919. Div., Camp Grant, 111. Transferred Aug. 24, 19 1 8 to Camp Upton, New York. Sailed from New York Sept. 9, 1918 for Liverpool, Eng and sailed from France July i. 1919. Discharged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, July 10, "1919. PERCY SANDS. (18) —Mechanic. Windom, :Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Peter Sands. Entered the service Feb. 22. T918 in Co. E, 313th Am. Train, SSth Div., Camp Dodge, Iowa. Transferred Mar. 24. 191 8 to the 33d Engrs. at SEGARD CARL SKABRUD. (g)— First Class Private, Win- Devens, Mass., and on Sept. i, igi8 to the 5th E. L. R. dom. Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. C. O. Skabrud. En- Co. I at Humphreys, Va. Was discharged at Camp tered the service from Cottonwood Co., Sept. 21, 1917, in Dodge, Iowa, Jan. 8, igig. Co. I). 321st Inf.. S8th Div.. at Camp Dodge, Iowa. Trans- ferred to Auxiliary Remount Depot 322, at Camp Dodge. Was employed as horseman, and breaking mules. Was discharged at Camp Dodge, Iowa. Mar. 25, 1919. CL.\UDE W. SHANER, (19)— Private First Class, Storden. Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Charles Shaner. Entered the service May i, igiS and was sent to Camp Lewis. Wash. From there he was transferred to a Camp in San I^RED SARTORIUS. (10)—Infantry, Windom, Minn. Son I'-rancisco, Cal. No date was given as to when he was of W. M. Sartorius. Entered the service Tune 25, 1918, discharged. in Co. A, 14th Battalion, at Camp Grant, 111. Trans- ferred July 16, 19 18 to Ft. Niagara, X. Y., and Aug. 17, 1918 to Curtis Bay, Md., and then to Camp Mead. Tan, 15, 1919. Discharged at Cam.) Dodge, Iowa, Jan. 31, 1919. TOHN H. SOLEM, (20)— Corporal, Windom. Minn. En- tered the service May 17. igi8 in the i6th Aero service and was sent to Camp Sevier. S. C, and later was sent to Camp Mills. N. Y. Sailed from New York for France to the U. S. and HARRY P. SCHMOTZER, ( 1 0— Private, Jeffers. Minn. via Eneland. .\uc. 20, lOiS. Returned Son of Mrs. John Schmotzer. Entered the service Oct. was discharged at Camp Grant. 111., Feb. 17, ig^Q-

EMIL M. SYKQRA. (i)— Private, Storden, Minn. Son of vice April 28, 1918, in 33Sth Artillery, 84th Div. at Camp Mr. and Mrs. Frank Sykora. Entered the service June 15, Dodge, la. Transferred May 18, 1918 to Supply Train, 1918, in Co. 2, at the University of Minnesota. Was Camp Travis, Texas. Sailed from New York June 14, transferred .Aug. 14. 191S, to Co. E, 311th Eng. 86th Div., 191S to Le Havre, France, via Liverpool, England. Par- Camp Grant, 111. Sailed from New York for France via ticipated in the St. Mihiel and Verdun offensives. Re- Liverpool Sept. 9, 1918. Private Sykora was injured turned to the States May 28, 1919, and was discharged at while in France by being run over by one of the large Camp Dodge, la., June 14, 1919. army trucks. Sailed for the U. S. June 10, 1919, and was discharged at Ft. Snelling, Minn., July 31, 1919.

of ANDREW H. STIEGELMEYER, ( 12)— Private, Win- Son of Mr. and Mrs. A. H. Stiegelmeyer. ABRAH.AM D. STOESZ, (2)—Son of Detrich Stoesz, Moun- dom, Minn. Entered the service Tune 25, 1918 in Co. 20, 86th Div. tain Lake, Minn. Entered the service Oct. 23, 1918, and Grant. 111. "Transferred July 15, 1918 to Camp was sent to Camp Cody, New Mexico, and was rejected at Camp the 86th Div. Sailed from U. S. for on account of physical disability. Robinson to France Sept. 17. 19:8. Returned to the States Jan. 20, 1919, and was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., Feb. 18, 1919. LORENZ E. SEVERSON, (3I —Private, Windom, Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. E. J. Severson. Entered the ser- vice June 21, 1918, in Co. H, 344th Inf., 86th Div.. at Camp Grant, 111. Transferred Mar. 19, 1919, to Co. H, Minn. En- GLENN IT. SHOEN. (13) —Private, of Comfrey, A. E. C. and then to 4th Provisional Forwarding Camp, tered the service Tune 25, 1918. Trained at Camp Grant, Co. H, I2th Bn. and in June. 1919, to Casual Co. 1272. Co. 111., in the 311th 'Sanitary Train of 344th Ambulance Sailed for France from Hoboken, N. J., Sept. 22, 1918, from which he was transferred to Co. C, 36th Bn.. U. S. to S. 29, and was dis- and returned the V. June 1919. Guards and stationed at Fort Sheridan until discharged charged at Dodge, Iowa, July 16, 1919. Camp Jan. 23. 1919.

OBERT S.VNDS, Ul— Private First Class, Windom, Minn. Storden, Son of Mr. and Mrs. Peter Sands. Entered the service \RTHUR R. STILTS, (14I—-Mess Sereeant, of Entered mto Sept. 21, 1Q17. in Co. D, 351st Inf., 88th Div. Camp Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Tim Stilts. -'\. ^i?,7th Engineers. Dodge, Tow^a. Transferred Nov. I, 191 7. to Quartermaster the service June 17. 1918 in Co. from Ho- Corns, Cami) Codv, New Mcx., and received his discharge Trained at Camp Humiihreys. Va. Sailed Returned to the at Camp Dodge, Iowa, April 3, 1919. boken Sept. 29. totS for France. discharged at Camp Dodge. States July s. 1919. and was Ta., July 27, 1919. Son LESLIE J. SIGSTAD, (.O—Private. Windom, Minn. of Mr. and Mrs. A. E. Sigstad. Entered the service Aug. 15, igrS, and was trained at the L^niversity of Minn. Mountain H. SCHROEDER, ds)—Private, of Transferred Oct. 16, 191S. to Camp Penniman, A'a.. on ERNEST Schroeder. Lake, Mmn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Jan. 12, tqtS, to Camp Curtis, Mich., and on Jan. 22. n,3i.^th Cav- Entered the service May 31. 1018 >n,Tro"P 1919, to Ft. Wingate. New Mexico. Was discharged at Wyo. Transferred alry. Trained at Fort D. A. Russell, Camp Dodge, Iowa, July 3, 19 19. iitb T^iv at August iS, 1918 to Battery D, -1st F. A Camp Henry Knox, Ky., where he was discharged Ian. 31. 1919. FR.XNK A. SCHOTTLE, Ce)—Wagoner, Windom. Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Frank A. Schnttle. Entered the service April 8, igiS, in Co. C, Corps, --\rtillery Park Einghain Lake, Div. at Cincinnati, Ohio. Transferred June rr, I9r8. to GUV F SYLVESTER, (•16)—Private, of Sylvester. Entered Camp Jackson, S. C, and July 15, 1918, to Camp Wads- Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Brigade and was worth. Sailed for France Aug. 28, 191S, and partici- the service Tune 23, 1918 in the Depot to 332d I)ated in the Mense-Argonne offensive. Returned from trained at C"amn Grant. 111. Transferred July 15 Sent. I9i8 France June 23, 1919, and was discharged at Camp Dodge, Machine Gun Bn. Sailed from New \ ork 14, spent two and Iowa, July II, 1919. for Southampton, England, where he three one-balf months before he went to France. Spent States and one-half months in France, returning to the Grant, .March Feb. 9. 1919, and was discharged at Camp JOHN F. S.\NGER, (7)—Private, Windom, Minn. Son of 10, 1919. Mr. and Mrs. W. F. Sanger. Entered the service Sept. 10, igiS, in the Minnesota Clerical Dept., at Ft. Snelling, Minn., and was transferred tn Worthington, Minn., to assist the Nobles Co. Draft Board. Was discharged at FR \NK SITULTE, (17I— Private, of Mountain Lake. Minn. Dodge, Iowa. Dec. la. Camp 2ji, 191S. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Harold Shulte, Wellsburg, Division Entered the service Aug. 28. 1918 in Co. i. First at Camp at Camp Grant, III. Received his discharge Grant Jan. 6, 1919. RICHARD SCHOPPER, (8)—Private, Jeffers, Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Henry Schopper. Entered the service June 23, 1918, in Co. 20, Depot Brigade, Camp Grant, 111. Transferred Aug. 17, 1918, to the 14th Co. Cavalry. R SMITH. (18) —Private, of Windom. Minn. Camp Grant, 111. Discharged at Camp Grant, 111., April WALTER Son of Mr. and Mrs. George Smith. Entered the service IS. 1919. 91st May 27. 1918 in Co. D. 316th Ammunition Tram. Div Trained at Camp Lewis. Wash. Transferred .Aug. Sailed from 7. 1918 to 7th Div. at Camp Merritt. N. J. New York Aug. 18. 1918 for Brest, France. Returned to CLARENCE SCRIVENER, (9)—Private, Storden. Minn. the States June 12, 1919 and was discharged at Camp Son of Mr. and Mrs. I. Scrivner. Entered the service J. Dodge, la., June 30, 1919. Sept. 21, 1917, in Co. B, 351st Inf., 88th Div. at Camp - Dodge, Iowa. Transferred April. 191S, to Co. B, 130th M. G. Bn., 35th Div. Sailed for France with his Di- vision and participated in the following offensives: Alsace Lorraine Sector, and on July 30, 1918 met strong raid- E\"ERETT L. STINES, (19)—Private First Class, of Win- ing party, the \'erdun sector, and the Mense-Argonne of- dom, Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Homer Stines. En- Signal fensives. Returned to the U. S. -April 14, 1919. and tered the service Tan. 29, 1918 in Co. C. 9th Field Trained at was discharged at Camp Dodge. Iowa, May 3, 1919. Bn. attached to Hdq. Co.. 6ist Inf., 5th Div. Camp S. F. B. Morse. Leon Springs, Texas. Sailed from Hoboken, N. L, for St. Nazaire, France. Participated in the St. Mihiel and Mense-Argonne offensives. Sailed France 14, 1919 and was discharged at Camp ARTHUR P. STEINKE. f 10)— Private. Dundee, Minn. Son from July of Mr. and Mrs. Gust Steinke. Entered the service from Dodge, la., Aug. 4. 19 19. Cottonwood Co. in the ninety-third division, at Camp Grant, III. Was discharged at Camp Grant, 111., Jan. 6, 1919. L.ARS L. SVALL-AND, (20)— Private, of Heron Lake. Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Lars Svalland of Bergen, Norway. Entered the service Oct. 2^. 1918 in Co. F, 3.?7th Inf., FRED STENKE. fii) —Wagoner, of Mountain Lake, Minn., 97th Div. at Camp Cody, N. Mex. Discharged at Camp son of Mr. and Mrs. Rudolph Stenke. Entered the ser- Dodge. la.. Dec. 13. 1918.

CLARENCE E. SEVERSON, Corporal. VViiiHom. d)— Mmn. WILLIAM C. TAYLOR, (10)— Cook, of Windom, Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. .T- B. Severpon. Knterpd Ihe ser- Born March 14. 1890. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Oliver B vice in Headquarters Co.. 349th Inf., 88tli Div. at C:i!t^ Taylor, Pans, III. Entered the service June 25, igi8 in Dodge. Iowa. Was transferred May 15, 19 iB to Co. K, Co. K, 342d Inf., 171st Div. Trained at Rockford, 111. 360th Inf.. 90th Div. at Camp Travis, Texas. Sailed from He sailed from N. Y. Sept. 9, 1918, for Liverpool, Eng- New York for France June 14, 1918 and participated in land, and later to France. He left France June 16, 1919. the Villers-en-Haye Aug. 24 to Sept. ir, 1918; St. Mihiel He was promoted to rank of Cook Oct. 20, 1918. It also offensive Sept. 12 to 16, Puvenelle 1918; Sector Sept. 17. appears that he participated in action on the Provelle to Oct. 10, 191S; Meuse--\rgonne offensive Oct. 12 to Sector Oct. 26 to Nov. 11, 1918. He was discharged at Nov. II, 1918. Received citation for the part taken in Rockford, 111., July 8, 1919. capturing the LeGrand Carre Farm, in the .'Vrgonne offen- sive, Nov. I, 1918. Promoted to rank of First Class Private Oct. 18, 1918 and to Corporal Nov. 18, 1918. Re- AN*DREW T. THOMPSON, (11)—Private, of Storden, turned to the States May 27, 1919, and was discharged Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Andrew J. Thompson. En- at Camp Dodge, Iowa, June 14, 1919. tered the service Sept. 21, 1917 in Co. C, 351st Inf., 88th Div. at Camp Dodge, la. Transferred Oct. 29, 19 17 to Wagon Co. i, 313th Am. Train. Discharged at Camp MORRIS E. SEVERSON, (2)— Private, Windom, Minn. Dodge, Dec. 20, 1917. Son of Mr. and Mrs. J. B. Severson, entered the ser- vice Aug. 9, 1918 in Co. I, 7th Inf., 3d Div., at Camp McArthur, Texas. Transferred Oct. 9, 1918 to Co. G, AARON P TIESSEN, (-12)—Private, of Mountain Lake, 331st Inf., 3d Div. at Camp LaSuze, France. Arrived in Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Peter A. Tiessen. Entered France Oct. 4. 1918, and after the signing of the Armis- the service July 23, 1918 in Co. F, 4th Pioneer Infantry. tice, the served with Army of Occupation for about seven Discharged at Camp Grant, 111., Jan. 10, 1919. months, and on Aug. 4. 19 19, joined the Band, 3d Army Composite Reg. Returned to the U. S. Sept. I, 1919, and was discharged at Camp Grant, 111., Sept. 27, 19 19. BERT H. TIBBEDEAUX, (-13)—Machinist Mate, 2d Class, son of Mr. and Mrs. Tuffel Tibbedeaux of Jeffers, Minn. Entered the service Jan. 18. 1918 in 35th U. S. Naval ALMER G. SEVYERSON, (3)— Sergeant, of Windom, Air Station. Trained at Pensacola, Fla. Transferred Feb. Minn. Son of Julius Severson. Enlisted April 19, 1917 6, 1918 to Co. 9, Aviation Unit at Hampton Roads, Va. in Co. G, 135th Int., 34th Div. at Camp Cody, N. Mex. Transferred again to Aviation Unit, Co. C, Great Lakes, Promoted to rank of Corporal Oct. 20, 1917 and to Ser- and again Sept. 28, 1918 to 6th Naval Air Squadron at geant June I, 1918. Sailed from New York Oct. 12, Pensacola. Fla. Promoted to Machinist Mate 2d class, 1918 for France. Returned to the States March 21, 1919 Dec. I, igi8. Discharged at Pensacola, Fla., Feb. 12, and was discharged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, April 21, 1919. 1019.

JOHN H. THIESSEN, Private, HAROLD E. STEDMAN. (4)— Private, of Windom, Minn. (14)— of Mountain, Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Henry Thiessen. Born April 17, 1896. Son of Edgar Stedman. Entered Entered the ser- vice Dec. 21, 1917 in Co. B, 19th Div. at service Dec. 22, 1917 in 8ist Co., U. S. M. C. Trained Camp Dodge, la. Discharged at Camp Dodge Jan. 21, at Paris Island and transferred in March, 1918. to Co. 1919. 22, 1st Reg. U. S. M. C. League Island Navy Yard, Philadelpia, and again on May 20, 1919 to Searchlight Platoon, St. Thomas V. I. of U. S., Danish W. Indies. ALFRED THOMPSON, (15)—Private, of Westbrook, Minn. Discharged in V, S. Naval Ammunition Depot, St. Ju- Son of Mr. and Mrs. Hans Thompson. Entered the ser- liens Creek, Va., .^ug. 30, 1919. vice Oct. 23. 19:8 in 13th Prov. Rect. Co. at Camp For- rest, Ga. Transferred Dec. 12, 1918 to Ft. Oglethorpe, Ga. Discharged at Camp Custer Feb. 28, 1919.

CLARENCE J. SCHOTTLE, (5)—Private, of Windom. Minn., son of Mr. and Mrs. Frank Schottle. Entered the PALMER M. THOMPSON, (16)—Private First Class, of service ]May 20, 1918 in the loist Marine Corps at Paris Windom, Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Paul Thompson. Island, S. C. Transferred June 16. 1918 to Norfolk, Va. Entered the service May 30. 1917 in Co. E, 136th Inf., Discharged at the Marine Barrack, Norfolk, 34th \'a.. May 10, Div. at Camp Cody, N. Mex. Sailed from 1919. Hoboken, N. J.^ June 28, 1918 for I'rance. Transferred to 318th Inf. Supply Co., 8oth Div. Was in action in the Meuse- Argonne from Oct. 29 to the signing of the Armistice. THEODORE G. THOMPSON, (6)—Corporal, of Windom, Discharged at Camp Grant, 111., June 10, 1919. Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Paul Thompson. Entered the service June 25, 1917 in Co. F, 136th Inf., 34th Div. at Camp Cody, N. Mex. Sailed from Hoboken. N. J. via OTTO CHARLES TOSCH, (17)—First Class Seaman, Man- Liverpool, England for LeHavi e, France. Sailed from St. kato, Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. R. C. Tosch. Entered Nazaire, France. Jan. 11, 1919 and arrived at Hoboken, the service from Cottonwood Co. Mar. 19, 1918 in the N. J. Promoted to rank of Corporal Sept. 15, 19 18. Dis- U. S. Navy and was trained at Cape May, . charged at Camp Giant, 111., Feb. 8, 1919. Was then transferred to the U. S. S. Edeora, a submarine patrol ship, which had charge of si.x American Submarines, which were employed as convoys to and from the war zone. He never landed on foreign soil. discharged EVERETT E. TURNBULL, (7)—Mechanic. Jeffers, Minn. Was at the Philadelphia Navy Yard Mar. 25, 19 Son of Mr. and Mrs. C. J. TurnbuM. Entered the ser- 19. vice at Windom, Minn., May 25, 1918, and was sent to Camp Lewis, Wash. On Sept. 1, 1918 was transferred to the 13th Field Artillery in the 4th Division. Sailed ARTHUR E. TILLISCH, fi8)—First Class Private, Win- from Hoboken for France via England, where he partic- dom, Minn. Son of Jacob Tillisch. Entered the service ipated in the Meuse-Argonne offensive, and was with the from Cottonwood Co. Sept. 3, 1918 in Co. E, 5th Train- ing Reg. III. Army of Occupation from Nov. 11, 19 18 to March 11, at Camp Grant. Transferred Oct. 17, 1918 to the Aux. Remount 1919. returning to the States April 7, 1919 and was dis- Depot, and received his discharge at 111. charged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, May 7, 19 19. Camp Grant, Date not given.

CLARENCE TORKELSON, C 19)— Private, Lamberton, WILLIAM H. TURNBULL, (8)—Corporal, Jeffers. Minn. Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Ole Torkelson. Entered the Entered the service Aug. 15, 1918 from Cottonwood Co. service from Cottonwood Co. Jan. 25, 1918, in the i6ist and was sent to the University of Minnesota in the Me- Depot Brii'ade at Camp Grant, 111. Transferred Inly 16, chanical Division. Nov. 15, 1918, he was transferred to 1918 to Co. M, 341st Inf., 86th Div., Camp Grant. 111., Camp Hancock, Ga., in the M. T. C. Div. and on Dec. and on Oct. 8, igi8 to Co. E, 353d Inf., 89th Div., 28, 1918 to the Motor Transport Division. Private Turn- Camp LTpton, N. Y. Sailed from New York for Le Havre, bull was sick a great part of the time he was in the ser- France, via Liverpool, England. Private Torkelson par- vice and was thus prevented from going to France. Re- ticipated in the battle of Argonne Forest and was wound- ceived his discharge at Camp Hancock, Ga., March 15, ed on Nov. r, 1918. Returned 1919. to the U. S. Jan. 12, 1919 and was discharged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, Feb. 2, 19 19.

ERNEST H. TURNER, (9)—Corporal, of Windom, Minn. ADOLPH TORKELSON, (20)—Private, First Class, Lam- Son of Mr. and Mrs. A. P. Turner. Entered the service berton, Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Ole Torkelson. En- Sept. 21, 1917 in Co. C, 351st Inf., 88th Div., at Camp tered the service July 23. 1918 in Co. F. 4th Reg.. 67th Dodge, la. Transferred Nov. 20, 1917 to 87th Div. at Div. at Camp Wadsworth, S. C, and was later transferred Pike, Camp Ark. Was transferred with the S7th Div. to Co. A, 3d Reg., 67th Div. at the same camp. Sailed to Camp Dix, N. J., June 19, 1918. Sailed from Hobo- from Newport News Aug. 30, 1918. for France, and par- ken, N. J., for France via Liverpool, Southampton and ticipated in the Meuse-Argonne offensive, returning to LeHavre, France. Returned to the States April 16, 19 the U. S. and was discharged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, July and 19 was discharged at Camp Grant, 111., May 7 1919 29, 1919.

) to IIICXKV W. TKK UROKW. ( i —Musician Second Class, and served with the Army of Occu]>ation. returning Mountain Lake, Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Herman the States Aug. i, 19 19 and was discharged at Camp Teichroew, entered the service July 26, 1918 from Cotton- Dodge, Iowa, Aug. 16, 19 19. wood Co. in Headquarters Co., 54th Pioneer Inf. at Camp Wadsworth, S. C. Sailed from Newport News for Brest. France, Aug. 30. 1918,^ and participated in the JMeuse-Argonne offensive from Sept. 26 to Nov. 11, 1918. PAUL A. X'tF.RI^GC.Ii:, ( 1 1) — Private, Windom, Minn. S^on with the Army of Occupation from November, Also served of Mr. and Mrs. Wm. Vieregge. Entered the service 1918 to June, 1919. Returning tn the U. S. June 13, July 15, 1918, and was sent to Dunwoody, and was trans- 111., 1 9 19 and was discharged at Camp Grant, July 3, ferred to Camp J. E. Johnston in the JS'I. T. C. on Sept. 1919. 13. 1918, and to Camp Dix in the M. T. C. on Jan. 2, 1919, and was discharged at Camp Dix, May 18, 19 19.

WILLIAM L. THOMPSON, (2)—We were unable to get Thompson, except that he enlisted in the record of Mr. 1)A\'ID \'OGT, (12) Musician Second Class, Mountain he served on the U. S. S. Trippe, — U. S. Navy, and that Lake, Minn. Son of Jacob Vogt. Entered the service and was in the convoy service, making a number of tri]>s May 7, 1918, at Minneapolis, Minn., in the \J. S. N. R. with troops bound for France. across F.-4, and was sent to the Great Lakes Naval Training Station. Transferred July 5, 1918, to Div. B. A. Bat- tallion Band. Took part in the tour through the east with Sousa Band to help iiromote the sale of bonds dur- ROBERT L. THRAM, (3)—Private First Class. Sanborn. ing the Fourth Liberty Loan drive, and also went with Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Fred Thram. Entered the Sousa to play at Toronto, Canada, with a two hundred service from Cottonwood Co., in Co. D, 351st Inf., 88th piece band to help the Canadians sell their bonds. Was Div. Camp Dodge, Iowa. Was transferred to the 87th discharged at Great Lakes, 111., Dec. 20, 19 18. Div. Nov. 25, 1917 at Camp Pike, and in April to Camp Gi-eene, S. C. in the 4th Div.. sailing with the 4th Div. for France on May 10, 19 18. Participated in the 2d battle of the Marne River, and the battle of the \'esle River, LOUIS P. VOLLMER, (13)— Private, Eden Valley. Son of and the St. Mihiel, and Meuse-Argonne offensives, re- Mr. and Mrs. Edward \*ollmer. Entered the service turning to the U. S. July 16, 1919, and re-enlisted in the J. Sept. 21. 1917 in Co. C, 351st Inf.. 88th Div. at Camp Regular A: my. Dodge, Iowa, Transferred Nov. 20, 19 17, to Camp Pike in the S/th Div. and on June 19, 1918 to the 26th Div., sailing from^ N. Y. for France June 19, 1918. Returned to the y. S. May 7. 1919. and was discharged at Fort ELMER A. TE'NJUM, (4)—Sergeant First Class, Windom, Snelling June 28, 1919. Minn. Son of Mrs. E. A. Tenjum. Enlisted at Minne- apolis, Minn., Dec. 15, 1917 and was sent to Jefferson Barracks, Mo., and then to Gerstner Field, La., in the 15th Co. Depot Brigade, and on Sept. 20, 1918 to the RAY F. WALKER, (14)—M. S. E. A. M. Observer. Son 269th Aero Sqdn. and then to the no 1st Rep. Sqdn., sail- of Mr. and Mrs. W. F. Walker. Entered the service ing for France from N. Y. Aug. 13, 19 18, and stationed June I, 1918 in Co. C, 872, A. M. T. S., at St. Paul, at Marseille Casual No. 5. Promoted to Corporal Mar. Minn. Transferred Oct. 21. 1918 to Langley Field, Va., 8. igi8 and to Sergeant First Class Nov. i, 1918. Return- in the 626 th Aero Squadron, and was discharged at ing to the States on June ii, 1919, and was discharged Camp Dodge, la.. Jan. 22, 1919. at Mitchell Field, L. L, N. Y. July 11, 1919-

LLLAXD STANFORD \'AN NEST. (5)—Second Lieut. HENRY D. WALL. (15)—Private, Mountain Lake. Minn. of Inf.. Windom, Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. R. A. \'an Son Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Wall, entered the service Aug. 19 1 8 at Minn., and to Nest, entered the service April 8, 1918, at Windom, Minn., 9, Windom, was sent Camp McArthur, Waco, Texas, in Co. K, 9th Bn., Inf. and was sent to tlie University of Cincinnati, Ohio, in Replace- Troops. training detachment. Transferred to Camp Gordon, June ment Was then transferred to the ist Co. School Troops, Central 22, 1918, in the G. O. T. S. Promoted to Second Lieut. Inf. Officers' Training School, and later to Co. D, 7th Bn. discharged Aug. 18, 1518, and to ? Was at Camp Dodge, Iowa, Dec. 2$. 1918

ISAAC J. VOTH, (6)—Cook, Mountain Lake, Minn. Son FR.VNK J. WOLF, (16)—Private, Windom, Minn. Son of Jacob \'oth. Entered tlie service Sept. 21, 1917, ai of John Wolf. Entered the service on the third day Windom, Minn., and was sent to Camp Dodge, Iowa, in of Feb., 1918, at Windom. Minn., in the Vet. Det. 306, Co. B, 351st Inf., 88th Div. Transferred to Aux. Remount and was sent to Camp Green, S. C, where he received Depot. Oct. I, 1917, and discharged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, his training, and was discharged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, July 3, 1919- March 18, 1919.

JAY CLINTON X'lLLA, (7)— Private. Westbrook, Minn. I-IELMER S. WESTER, (17)—Private, Windom, Minn. Son of Mr. and j\lrs. John \'illa. Entered the service Son of Mr. and Mrs. Ftarold Wester. Entered the ser- Oct. 12, 1918. in Co. 2, 2d Regiment, S. A. T. C, at the vice Sept. 4. 1918 at Windom, Minn., and was sent to University of Minnesota, and was discharged at Minne- Camp Grant, 111., in Co. 7. Replacement Co. and was apolis, Minn., Dec. 12, 1918. discharged at Camp Grant, 111., Feb. 4, 1919.

FOREST E. ^'ILLIER. (S)— Private, Windom, Minn. En- PETER J. WIENS, (18)—Corporal, Windom. Minn. Son tered the service Jan. 8. 1918 in Co. M, 6ist Inf., 5tli of John Wiens. Entered the service June 24, 19 18, at Div. at Camp Green, S. C. Private Villier was in the Windom, Minn., and was sent to Camp Grant, 111., where hospital from April 13, 1918. until Dec. 17, 19 18, which he received training, and was discharged at Camp Grant, prevented him going across with his Div. Was discharged 111., July 23, 1919. at Camp Dodge, Iowa, Jan. 22, 1919.

CARL O. WAHL. (19)— Private, Westbrook, Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Jacob P. Wahl. Entered the service EARL \'ANDERMOON, I9)— Private, Windom. Minn. Son June 24, i9i8, and was sent to Camp Grant, 111., in the of Mr. and Mrs. 11. \'andermoon. Entered the service 2QtIi i6ist Depot Brigade, and then transferred to the M. P. Sept. 21, 1917 and was sent to Camp Dodge, Iowa. Here Provost Guard Co. Was discharged at Camp Grant. 111., he was assigned to 322d Remount Co. He remained at June 14, 1919. Camp Dodge imtil he was discharged ]\Iay 23, 1919.

JOHN A. WARKENTIN, (20)—Private, Mauntain Lake, XEO VANDERMOON. do)— Private First Class, son of Mr. Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Jacob B. Workentin. En- H. \'andermoon. Entered the service June 12, 19 18. and tered the service Oct. 13. 1918. in the S. A. T. C. at the was sent to Camp Dodge, Iowa, in Bakery Co. 8Sth Div. University of Minn, and w-as discharged at Minneapolis, Sailed for France from Hoboken, N. J., Oct. 11, 19:8, Minn., Dec. 13, 1918. ^ .. -•--J JIERVIN D. WELD, (l) — Sergeant, Windoni, Minn. Son from New York for France Oct. 5, 1918, landing at of Mr. and Mrs. D. U. Weld. Entered service April Brest. Returned to the U. S. Feb. 27, 19 19, and was 25, 1917, in Co. H, i8th Inf., First Div. Trained at discharged at Camp Grant. 111., Mar. 31, 19 19. Douglas, , and transferred in October, 19 17 to Co. K, i6oth Inf. Was promoted to rank of Corporal Oct. (i i)—Second Lieut., Coast Ar- THEODORE O. WEDEL, . 8, 1917, and later, Nov. 11, 1918, promoted to rank of tillery, Mountain Lake, Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Sergeant. He sailed from Hobokett June 14, 1917. His C. H. Wedel of Newton, Kansas. Entered the service company was the first American company to get into the from Cottonwood Co., June 25, 1918 and was sent to the trenches and also the first to kill a Hun. He went into 15th Co. at Chesapeake Bay, Fort Monroe, Va. Trans- the trenches late in October and came out in early No- ferred Tuly 1918 to the Third Officers' Training Co. at vember and shortly took sick with spinal meningitis and 7, Fort Monroe, and on Sept. 25, 1918 was transferred to was confined to the Hospital more or less for about a Fort McArthur, Los Angeles, Cal.. where he was em- year. And after being dismissed from the Hospital he ployed as instructor in Officers' Training School. Pro- was assigned to duty as Sergeant in charge of men on moted to 2d Lieut. C. A. Sept. 25. 1918, and was dis- guard duty about punishment barracks. Fie returned to charged at Los Angeles, Cal., Dec. 20, 1918 and since the United States March 16, 1919. He, however, had an discharge is employed as instructor at Yale Univer- opportunity to return as a Casual but wanted to stay his sity, New Haven, Conn. till the game was over. He was discharged at Camp Dodge April 8, 1919. Minn CLARENCE L. WESTGOR, (12)—Corporal, Storden, 1918 Son of Henry Westgor. Entered the service June 25, Private, Jeffers. Minn. Son Depot OLIVER B. WOOGE. (2)— and was sent to Camp Grant, III., in Co. 20, i6ist of Mr. and Mrs. George Wooge. Entered the service Brigade On July 75, 19 18 he was transferred to Port Minn., later June 25, 1918 at Windom, and was sent to Camp Niagara. N. Y., in Co. A. J4th Bn. U S. O. and "Grant, III., in Co. F, 343d Inf., 86th Div. Was transferred discharged at Camp at Camp Curtis Bay, Md. Was to L, iiith Inf. 28th Div. and also in the Co. 109th Inf., Dodge, Iowa, Jan. 31, 1919- same Division. Sailed for France from Camp Mills, N. Y., landing at Le Havre, France. Saw active service Private, Jeffers, Minn. Son of from Oct. 9, 1918 till Nov. ii, 1918, part of this time FRED T. WERNER, (13)— i9'8 '™.'-°'' being spent on the Metz Front. Returned to the States, F Werner. Enteted the service .Tuly 15. J Training School. April 2^, 1919, and was discharged at Camp Dodge, Iowa. tonwood Co. and was sent to Dunwoody Sept. 13, '918 ^ May 15, 1919. Transferred to Ft. Leavenworth, Kan , for France Nov. the nth Depot Bat. Signal Corps. Sailed transferred to .3rd -, landing at Brest, and was 1918 8th BEN E. WOOGE, (3)—Private, Jeffers, Minn. Son of Mr. Army Headquarters, Germany, and Jan. i, 1919 to Neiderbriesig. and Mrs. George Wooge. Entered the service June 25, Bat. 4th Div. Headquarters at Field Sig. and was 1918, at Windom, Minn., and was sent to Camp Grant, 111., Germany Returned to the U. S. July 19, 1919 in Co. C, 342d Inf., 86th Div., w^as transferred to Co. L, discharged at Camp Grant, HI., Aug. 5. 1919- SSth Inf., 7th Div., sailing for France from New York in the fall of 1918. Returned to the States June 8, 1919, HFNRY .\GUSTAS WHITE, (J4I—Private First Class, and was discharged the ser- at Canip Dodge, Iowa, June 27, 1919. S Paul Minn. Son of Henry White. Entered 2, 1918 -Tid was sen to from Cottonwood Co. May . ;;ice Police Wadsworth. S. C, in Ca B, M'l'tary Camp P. and OREN WILSON, (4)—Seaman, Sanborn, Minn. Entered Transferred Sept. 28, 19.8 to Co. D, rst Army M. 1918 and the service Feb. 25, 1918. and was sent to the Great Lakes then to 295th M. P. Sailed for France July 2, in the Meuse-Argonne N. T. S. Was transferred to the Receiving Ship Philadel landed at Le Havre. Participated 19 and was phia. May 14, 1918, and on Aug. 7, 1918 to the U. S. S offensive. Returned to the U. S. June 22, 19. Washington. Sailed from N. Y. for Base 7 in France, ar discharged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, July 12, 1919. riving there May 30, 1918. Returned to the States Mar. 20, and was discharged at Minn. 1919 the Great Lakes N. T. S F H WARNER (15)—First Class Private, Sanborn, Aug. 6, 1919. and was sent the service from Cottonwood Co , Entered B"eade Trans- to Camp Grant, 111., in 20th Co Depot in Co. A 14th Bn. U. S. C... GEORGE CONRAD WEISER, (5)—H. A. L C. U. S. N. ferred to Ft. Niagara. N. Y transferred to Curtis Bay, Md., for R. F., Windom, Minn., son of Dr. and Mrs. F. R. Weiser. \ug 15 1918. Was department near Baltimore, Jan. Enlisted in the Hospital Apprentice ist class United States guard duty at ordnance sent to Camp Mead and then to Camp Naval Reserve Force, and was called to active duty at J 5 1919. Was discharged Jan. 31, 1919- Dunwoody Naval Training School, U. of Minn. Re- Dodge, Iowa, where he was leased from active duty, at Minneapolis, Minn., Dec. 20, F^ntered the 1918. Enlistment expires Dec. 13, 1921. LEO WARREN, (16)—Private, Jeffers, Minn S. Marines at service Tuly 18, 1918, in Co. 257, Reg. U. 5th Div and Paris Island S. C Transferred to Co. D, Oct. 16, 19 18 and FRANK WRIGHT, (6)—Private, Jeffers, Minn. Son of later to Machine Co. Sailed for France S. July 19 19 Mr. and Mrs. Oscar Wright. Entered the service June landed at Brest. Returned to the U. 29, 25, 1918, in E. Battery, 86th Field Artillery at Camp Rob- and discharged at Norfolk, Va., Aug. ii, 1919- inson, and was transferred to Co. M. I. N. F. Third Division. Sailed for France Sept. 17, 1918 and served (17)—Private, Mountain Lake, with the A. E. F. on the Defens Sector, and with the SEYMOUR WOODRUFF, Entered the service Oct. 2d Army Area, Oct. 12, 1918 to Nov. 11, 1918. Returned Minn. Son of A. E. Woodruff. T. C, University of Chicago. to the U. S. Aug. 15, 1919 and was discharged at Camp 2, 1918 in Co. B. S. A. Dodge, Iowa. Was discharged at Chicago. 111., Dec. 11, 19 18.

Storden, Minn. CASTLE B. WILSON, (7)—Private, Westbrook, Minn. REUBEN C. YARGER, (18)— Corporal, Yarger Entered the ser Son of Levi and Loda Wilson. Entered the service Sept. Son of Mr. and Mrs. T. M. 619th Aero Supply Squadron at 21, 1917 at Windom, Minn., and was sent to Camp Dodge, vice Feb 8, 19 18 in the Transferred Mar. 28, 19.8 to Waco Iowa, in Co. A, 351st Inf., 88th Division. Transferred to Kellev Field, Texas. to Acceptance Park and lest Camp Pike, Ark., in Co. I, 345th Inf., 87th Division. Texas and May 21, 1918 promoted to Corporal in Sailed from New York for France Aug. 24, 1918. Re- Field at Detroit, Mich. Was at Camp Dodge, Iowa, I'eb. turned to the States, and was discharged at Camp Dodge, November, 1918. Discharged Iowa, Jan. 18, 1919. Was promoted to Corporal April 10, 4, 1919. 1918. FRED HUGH YARGER, (19)—General Electrician, Storden. Yarger, entered the GEORGE R. WALL, (8)—Private First Class. Mountain Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. T. M. at Des Moines la. Lake, Mmn. Son of Henry H. Wall. Entered the service of his country July 12, 1917 ser- Training Station, vice Sept. 21, 1917, at Windom, Minn., and was sent and was sent to the Great Lakes Naval to the Philadelphia Navy to Camp Dodge, Iowa, in Co. B, 351st Inf., SSth Division. 111. Transferred Mar. 15, 1918 S. New Hamp- Later he was transferred to the Remount Depot, and then Yards and on Mar. 22. 1918 to the U. S. service in ioreign to 313th .Supply Train, 88th Division. Sailed for France shire, on which he spent eight months' LI. and was sent to ttie via Liverpool and participated in the Haute-AIsace offen- waters. Returned to the S. Station where he received his sives. Returned to the U. S. May 24, 1919, and was Great Lakes Naval Training to the rank discharged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, discharge June 25, 1919- He was promoted June 15, 1919. rank of 3rd class Petty Officer Sept. i, 1918 and then to of General Electrician. CLAUS A. WIEBE, (9)— Private, Delft, Minn. Son of Abr. and Sarah Wiebe. Entered the service Oct. 2;^, 1918, First Class, Windom- at Windom, Minn., and was sent to Camp Cody, Mex. HENRY YOUNG, (20)—Private New \oung. Entered in Co. F, 387th Inf., 97th Division, and was Minn. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Mitchel discharged Mmn., and was at Camp Dodge, Iowa, Dec. 13, 191S. the service Sept. 21, 1918 at Windom, 345th Inf., 88th sent to Camp Dodge, Iowa, in Co. D, Pike, Ark- Division. Transferred Mar. 25, I9'8 to Camp to San Antonio. EMIL J. WITT, (10)— Private First Class. Son of Mr. ansas, in Co. L, 35 1st Inf., and then close ot the and Mrs. Carl Witt, Lamberton, Minn. Entered the ser- Texas where he remained until after the Dodge, Iowa, Jan. vice at Windom, Minn., Mar. 12, 1918, and was sent to war. Received his discharge at Camp F"ort Screven, Ga., in Bat. C, 75th Artillery. Sailed 9. 1919. ALFRED RUDOLPH I\'I-:KS()X. {,)— Son of Andrew eign service un June 28, 191!^, just twenty years after Iverson, was born Jan. i, i8S6. Enlisted in the V. M. his first enlistment, and sailed from New York for I'rance C A. as secretary on June 2g, 19 iS. From July 1 to on Aug. 15, 1918. .Vfter serving as moving picture di- Aug. 23, 1918 he spent in preparing for his work, sail- rector in a number of large camps in France and with ing for Italy by way of France, Aug. 2^, 1918. He ar- the Army of Occu]jation in Germany he sailed from Brest, rived in Italy just in time to witness the great Piave France on April 19, 19 19, and for the second time re- River offensive when the Italians drove the Austrians back ceived an honorable discharge from the service ot coun- and forced them to surrender. He spent about nine try in New York on May i, 1919. months in Italy returning to the States June 30, 19 ig, and for some time after this he served as V. M. C. A. GF.RALD CA^IPBELL, (6)—Private of Windom, ]Minn. Troop Train Secretary. Son of Mrs. Campbell. Entered the service Nov. 11. 1918 at Minneapolis, Minn, and transferred to Paris Island, EDWARD YOUN'G. (2)— Sergeant, of Windom. Minn. Born 44-^d Co., Bn. B, U. S. M. C. and he is still in the Dec. 3. 1888. Son of Mr. and Mrs. Mitchell Young. service at the time of this publii.ation. Entered service Sept. 21, 1917, in the 88th Div. Trained at Camp Dodge and Nov. 22 was transferred to Camp ARIE HEIJN, (7)— Private of Windom, Minn. Born April Pike in the 87th Div. and later sent to Camp Dix in the 14, 1887. Son of Cornelius Heijn, Apeldoorn, Holland. dis- same outfit. Left LT. S. for France Aug. 24, 1918. He He entered the service in May, 1919. He was trained at OiTicers' Training School in France and com- charged at Cincinnati, Ohio in June, 1919. pleted the course but did not receive commission because JAMES A. FRANTSON, (8)—Private. Windom, Minn. of the signing of the Armistice. He also served as in- Born Oct. 15, 1896. Son of F. J. Frantson. Entered the structor in gas, bayonet and hand grenades. He was service Oct. 23d, 1918 in Co. F, 387th Inf. Trained at promoted to the rank of Corporal Nov. 7, and to 26, 191 Cam() Cody. N. Mex. He was the only one receiving 'dan- the rank of Sergeant Jan. 9, 1918. He sailed from ger card that pulled through at the time he was in the France March 22, 1919 and was discharged at Camp hospital with the "flu." And he was discharged at Camp Dodge April 21, 1919. Cody, Dec. 9, 1918. MINNIE B. SCHMUTZER. (3)—Head Nurse, Jeffers, Minn. of Joined the Red Cross Sept. i, 1918. She served as Head EMTL SYKORA, (9)—Private. Storden. Minn. Son Mr. Nurse in Army Hospital, Fort Bayard, N. Mex. At 'this and Mrs. Frank Sykora. Entered the service June 15, hospital over two thousand patients at one time were 1918 in Co. 2, at the University of Minnesota. Was enrolled, these being either men gassed or tubercular. transferred Aug. 14, 191S to Co. E, 311th Eng., 86th During the "Hu ' epidemic of Oct. and Nov., 1918. she took Div., Camp Grant. 111. He sailed from New York for the place of a doctor and she filled the place well. She France via Liverpool Sept. 9, igi8. Pvt. Sykora was in- would go out day and night on duty and as a result she jured while in France by being run over by one of the has for a record out of one hundred and eleven cases large army trucks. He sailed for the LTnited States June not a single death. This work was done around and in TO, 1919 and was discharged at Ft. Snelling, Minn., July Jeffers. Minn., her home town. She was discharged at 31, 1 9 19. Fort Bayard, \. Mexico, Nov. i, 19 ig. EDWARD L.\ACKM.\NN, ( ro ) — Fireman, First Class, Win- DELBERT E. YERKES. (4)— Corporal, of Windom, Minn. dom, Minn. Son of Jurgen and Anna Laackmann. En- Born Aug. 30, 1887. Son of Mr. and Mrs. J. F. Yerkes. listed in the service April 12, 1917, in the Navy Engin- He enlisted April 16, 1917 in Co. G, 35th Inf.. 34th Div. eers' Force, Minneapolis, Minn. Trained at Great Trained at Camp Cody, N. Mex., and was moved to Camp Lakes Training Station and on the Ship "." Dix, N. J., later being transferred to Iloboken to go He was transferred to "New Y'ork" and later to the across and left Sept. 13, 1918 for Liverpool, Eng., and "Susquehanna" and still later to the "Martha Washing- later went to France. He sailed from Brest, France ton." He made sixteen trips across the Atlantic and Jan. 6, 1919. He was promoted to rank of Private First was in England, France and Holland. And he was dis- Class in July, 1917. ^nd to rank of Corporal in Novem- charged at New York Dec. 17, 19 19. ber. 1917- He was discharged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, Feb. 17, 1919. WILLIAM DIETCHMAN, (m)—Private, Windom, Minn. Son of Mrs. Dietclmian of Windom. Minn., entered the PHIL G. REDDING, (5)—On June 28. 189S he volun- service Jidy 24. 1918, at Windom, and was sent to Camp teered for service during the Spanish American war and Wadsworth, S. C. in Co. F, 4th Pioneers, and was later became a member of Co. H, 12th Minn. \'olunteer Inf. transferred to tiie 3rd Pioneers and the fore part of Sep- and served with this organization till they were mus- tember was transferred to Camp Stewart, for overseas tered out Nov. 5, 1898. At the time our country en- duty, when he was taken sick with flu-pneumonia and was tered the World War Mr. Redding was too old to get into sent to the hospital, while his Division sailing for France the army and being anxious to have some part in the same day that he went to the hospital. He received active service he enlisted with the Y. M. C. A. for for- his discharge at Camp Grant, 111., Dec. 26, 1918. In the Service

The publisher was unable to obtain photographs appear among the likenesses of Cottonwood Coun- or records of the following men of Cottonwood ty's fighting men. That they may receive the cred- County who were in the service. Many of them it wliich is theirs for their service, of whatever were transients, boys who had no parents or rela- nature it may have been, we publish below the tives ill the County. Of a few there were no ac- ceptalile photographs to be had. Another handful names of those of whom we were unable to obtain was indifferent to the work and preferred not to photos or record.

Anderson, Andrew Badker Hovt, Willis Paul Nelson, Ernest Walter Anderson, Lionel E. Hyiarde, Ed. Nelson, Earl Noble Anderson, Harold Hovck, Wm. Ohrn, Nyert Anderson, Carl Christian Heintz, A. D. O'Brien, James W. Anderson, Rudolph Harper, Oscar Olson, Cleman Anderson, Eric Hanson, Henry Olson, Roy C. Anderson, Gustav Hanson, John M. Ott, Geo. J. Andor, Lars Hard, Amos L. Olson, Edw. Aim, Hugo Hanson, .A.lbert Peterson, Lewis Geo. Abele, Joseph Halvorson, Halvor Prull, Lewis Asquith, Ralph Halvorson, Geo. Peterson, Geo. Bashans, John Isaacson, Abr. John Parmley, Robert C. Beetsch. Ben Iverson, John Pearson, Per David Bray. James Ell)ert Iverson. Julius Papageorge, Kimon Boyes, Nelson Johnson, Aldin Henning Peterson, Walter Chas. Brooks, Clyde Johnson, Nikolai Peterson, Alfred Borsness, Martin Johnson, Arthur LL Pasky, John Bendi.xcn, Richard Jacobson, Lawrence Powell, Clyde Balzer, Frank J. Jensen, Herman C. Purrington, Dale C. Burns, Chas. L. Jacolison, Norman Quiring, Jacob L Butler, Geo. V. Janzen, Wm. Rahn, Jacob G. Bargen, Jacob A. Jorgenson, Nels Renberg, Roy Buhr, Peter Jones, Rudolph Rundlett, Fred P. Butler, H. C. Johnson. Ahner L. Rawlev, Elmer J. Burk, William John Johns, Wm. F. Randall, Frank W. Bean, Paul Jacobson, Leslie Rittenhouse, 'Vern D. Bargen, John A. Klaassen. Aron C. Ristedt, Arthur Balzer, J. S. Kruaer, Kurt H. Ruhberg, Dewey Christopherson, Henry Carl Kieffer, Geo. E. Radke, Fred Crumlet, David L. Kinsman. Virgil B. Radke, Otto Cox, Alva Kasper. Wm. Aug. H. Stage, Chas. Coller, Fred A. Knutson, Erwin Severson, Burton E. Carter, Thomas Kennedy, David Schimnowski, Henry A. Crumlet, Dewitt C. Kreniin, Ernest Schmidt, Carl Edwin Cook, Geo. Krupker, Herman Sheppard, Bertie Christopherson, Roy Langeman, Aug. Sinnamon, Homer Dick, Jacob R. Loewen, Jacob Sinnamon, Howard Dahl, Evert C. Larger, Andy Schmotzer, H. P. Deitchman, Wm. J. Lack, Ben E. Stoez, Jacob Dick, Clans K. Leitz, Geo. John Lewis Showen, Walter T. Dearth, Henry \V. Larson, Albert N. Schroeder, G. G. Derksen, Peter S. Leifson, Nathan Schimnowski, Wm. Dick, Frank N. Larson, Raymond Schroeder, Wm. F. Duffy, lAL-irtin W. Loken, Oscar Story, Floyd Dewey, Lynn J. Loken, Clarence Shaner, Earl Derksen, Geo. E. Lenhoff, Steve' Thorsen, Sam Davis, Guv L. Lane, John M. Thorn, Harold Dhobolt, Floyd Lees, Percy Theissen, David N. Dewey, Michel Ludvigson, Theo Thompson, Frank Ewert, Jacob J. Meyers, Gottfred Thompson, Milo J. Engleman, Joseph Massahos, Nick Thompson, Palmer Elg, Floyd Morck, Josva Toews, John J. Fast, David E. Miller. Frank Arden Ulrich, Robert Fuller, Joseph A. Mitchell, Chas. E. Volkart, Arnold W. Geske, Fred Madsen, Alex. Vroman, Clinton LI. Glasser, Harry Meier, Andrew 'Van Norman, Paul George, Charles Melany, John T. Wilson, Thomas Goodman, Alfred Montgomery, Harry Wall, John Hollingswortli, Nate Martins, Cornelius P. Westlund, Chas. Hummel, Lester Madson, Mads I. Wicklund, Harry E. Haines, John J. Morphew, H. Wright, Joe Harold Heibert, Frank J. Morhtt, Earl Wickert, Harvey Hawks, Chas. G. Moriarty, John Wellhausen, Ernest Huckstad, Geo. Moreland, Edward M. Wall, Peter J. Herber, Elias Moen, Esten Warkentine, Geo. P. Hollister, Ronald L. Marsh, Elmer C. Wolf, Frank J. Hamberg, John A. Mitchell, Hugh Wolf, Elmer Hedgaard, Nels P. Nehlsen, John Wiebe, C. A. Hayes, Albert J. Nichols, Willis Henry Youngren, Carl A. Hjermstad, Harry M. Yoder, Frank L. Nelson, Peter Hvitved, Peter Yeaple, Whitney Hanson, Jens A. Neilson, Henry Zettler, Winford Heinetz, Jacob Nelson, John Elmer Zettler, Carl W. SEVERT E. ANDERSON, Sergeant. Entered the service FR.VMv N. II URD—Windom, First Lieut. Enlisted Aug. June 28, 1917. in Co. M. 41st Inf., 10th Div. Regular '" Co. I, Sig. Corps, Regular Army. Trained Army. Trained at Jefferson Barracks. Mo. Transferred '5'„'9V at 1-t; Leavenworth, Kansas in the Officers' School, Sailed July 15, 1917 to Fort SnelHng; Sept. 28, 1917 to Fort for France Apr. 7, 1918. Wounded at the battle of Ar- Crook, Nebr.; June 6, 1918 to Camp Funston, Kansas. gonne Sept. 13, 1918. Participated in the Vosges, Discharged at Lamp Grant, 111., Meuse Tune 25, 1919. Argonne and St. Mihiel drives. Promoted to rank of hirst Lieut Oct i, 1917, and assigned to Co. B, ^th Field Sig. Bn. Discharged at Camp Dodge Jan. 22, 1919. HALVOR BANG, Private. Son of Olaf and Lena Bang of Storden. Eintered the service July 15, 1918 in Co, B, Dunwoody Institute, R. Minneapolis, Minn. Transferred DAVE HEFF_ELE-Mt. Lake, Private First Class, son of Sept. 13, to Air Service Kemhart and Mechanic School, Overland Build- Katie Ileffele. Entered service May 2 1918 ing, St, Paul. Discharged in at St. Paul, Dec. 13, 1919 Co. E, 53d Inf., 6th Div. Trained at Camp Wads' worth. -Transferred May 20, 1918 to 6th Div. Military lolice Sailed for France July 7, 1918. Participated in the Argonne Forest EDWARD P. BUHR, Mt. Lake. First Class Private, son and Alsace Lorraine drives Dis- of Peter charged at Camp Grant and Katie Buhr. Entered the service April 15 June 25, 1919. 1917. in Co. A, 140th Inf., 5th Div. Trained at Fort Sill, Okla. Discharged at Fort Sill, Feb. 8, 191S. PAUL F. IMME—Sanborn. Sergeant. Son of Chas. Imme Entered service Sept. 21, 1917 in Co. A. 351st Inf. Trained at Camp Dodge. Promoted to Sergeant FRANK BALZER, JR.^Mt. Lake, Private, son of Frank First Class ilar. 20, and Agatha Balzer. Entered service April 1019. Discharged at Camp Dodge April ^0, 6, 1918, in 1919- Train Detach. Cincinnati, Ohio. Transferred August ^1 1919 to Camp Lee, \'a. COTS Inf, Discharged at Camp Lee, \ a., Nov. 31, 191S. ELLSWORTH J. JOHNSON—Windom, Private Medical Department. Enlisted in the Reserve Corps of the Armv IT. of the S. Jan. 4, jgi8. Transferred to S. A. T. C'. D. C. BALZER—Mt. Lake. Private, son of Frank and U. of M., Oct. 22. 1918. Discharged Dec. 15, 191S. Agatha Baker, Entered service May 27, 1919 in Co. 26 i66th Dep. Brig., Camp Lewis, Wash. Transferred Tuly 5, 1919 to Headquarters Co., iS6th Dep, Brig. Discharged BEN H, JAS.S—Mt. Lake, Private. Son of Carl and Au- at Camp Dodge, la., Feb. I, 1919. gusta Jass. Entered the service May 26, 1918 in Co. 26, Depot Brigade. Trained at Camp Lewis. Wash. Transferred June 22, 1918 to Headquarters Co,, .i62d Reg., 91st Div. Sailed from Hoboken to Liverpool DE WITT C. CRUMLETT— Comfi-ey. Private, son of Ed- for Le I-Tavre, France. Partook in the St. Mihiel and ward H. W. Crumlett. Entered service Dec. 15, 1917, at Ar- gonne Forest drive. Wounded in the Argonne Sept. Jefferson Barracks, in the Signal Corps, aviation section. 29, igiS. Discharged at Camp Dodge April 29, 1919. Transferred to Kelly Field, Texas, Jan. 12, 1918. Trans- ferred May 21 to 328th Air Sqd., Utica, N. Y. ; June i6th to 5th Prov. Sqd., Wilbur Wright Field, Ohio; Aug 6th GEORGE H. KRTiUGER—Westbrook. Private. to Sqd. C, Selfridge Field, Jlich. Son of Mr. Discharged at Camp and Mrs. K. ICreuger Entered Dodge, la., Dec. 26, 1918, service Oct. 11, 1919 in Co. 2, 2d Reg. Trained at U. of M. Discharged Dec. 12. 191S.

FRED A. COLLER—Windom. Private, son of George and Helen Coller. Entered service Oct. 25, 1918 in Co. F ARTHUR W. KYAR— Sanborn. Private. Son of Tohn C. Kvar. Enlisted 387th Inf., Camp Cody. Discharged at" Camp Dodge, la.! Apr. 28, 1917 in Bat. B, 52d Coast Ar- Dec. IS, 1918. tillery. Transferred May 2, 1917 to Tefferson Barracks: 10 to Fort May Terry, N. Y. : June 1017 to Fort Adams. Sailed for France .-Xug. 18. 1917. Discharged at Camp Dodge, Jan, 25, 1919. JACOB R. DICK—Mt. Lake. Teamster, son of Peter and Mary Dick. Entered service Tune 26, 1918, in Co. 20, i6ist Depot Brigade, 86th Div. Trained at Camp Grant, RAYMOND W. KYAR—Sanborn, Priv.ite. Son of John 111. Transferred July 9, 1918 to Auxiliary Remount De- C. Kyar. Entered service June 12, 1917 in Co. B, 36th pot, Camp Grant. Discharged at Camp Grant ,\iiril 25, Reg. Inf. I2th Div. Transferred Tune 13, 1917 to Tef- 1919. ferson Barracks: June 25 to Fort Siielling; Aug. 5, 1918 to Camp Devens, Mass. Discharged at Camp Dodge Feb. 5, 1919.

PETER S. DERKSEN— Mt. Lake, Private First Class, son of Jacob and Sarah Derksen. Entered service Sept. s FRANK P. MARTINS—Mt. Lake, Private. Son of Peter 1918, in Co. 23, Depot Brigade, Camp Grant, 111, Dis- and Katie Martins. Entered service May 27, 1918 in Co. charged at Camp Grant May 29, 1919. 26, Depot Brigade, 13th Div. Trained at Camp Lewis. Transferred June 28 to 44, 75th Inf. Discharged at Camp Lewis, May 24, 1919. ARTHUR J. DICKMAN—Mt. Lake, Private, son of Take and Elizabeth Dickman. Entered service Sept. 23. 1918 in Co. 26 Engineers at Camp Forrest, Ga. Discharged Feb. WILLIAjr J. MARIEXAN— Private. Son of John and 3, 1919, at Camp Dodge, la. Anna Marienan. Entered the service May 2, 1918 in Co, K, 53d Inf., 3d Reg., 6th Div., at Camo Wadsworth, Sailed for France by way of Glasgow. Returned from I'rance June 2, 1919. Discharged at Camp Dodge Tune 2i, SIMON C. DAHL—Windom, Private, son of Soren C. Dahl. 1919. Entered service Oct. 23, 1919 in 13th Prov. Recruit Co., 82d Eng. Trained at Camp Forrest, Ga. Discharged at Camp Dodge, Jan. 9, 1919. DEWEY M. MITCHELL—Private. Entered the service .\pril 16, 1917 in Co. F. 135th Inf., 34th Div. at Camp Cody, Dec. 2. 1917. Was transferred to Ambulance Co. 26, 3d Div. Went to France by way of T_-iverpool, CL-\RENCE ERICKSON— Private of Windom, Minn. Son on June 13, 1918. Participated in the St. Mihiel and Argonne of Mr. and Mrs. Chas. Erickson. Entered service Tune Offensives, and was with the Army of Occupation from 25, 1918 in Depot Brigade, Camp Grant, III., and later Nov. IT to May 17, 1919. Was discharged at Ft. Sheridan, was transferred to Camp Upton, Replacements Troops, 111., Oct. 8, igig. Sailed ."Vug. 26, 1918 for France via England and saw- action at Metz. He was discharged at Camp Dodge June 25, 1919, PETER PETERSON— Corporal, son of Mr. and Mrs. Christ Peterson, Windom, Minn, Entered the service Feb. 23, 19 1 8 in Co. E, 313th Supply Tr., 88th Div. at Camp Dodge. HOWARD GALLSER— Mt. Lake, Private. Son of Louis Sailed for France by way of Liverpool Aug. 24, 1918. and Kate Gallser. Entered service June 25, 1918 in Co. Saw service in the Alsace Lorraine Sector. Promoted to 20, Depot Brigade, 86th Div. Trained at Camp Grant, Corporal April 24, 19 18. Discharged at Camp Dodge, III. Transferred Aug. 2, 1918 to Co. C, 343d Inf., 86th May 23, 1919. J Div. Sailed from New York Sept. 12, for Southampton. England. Discharged at Camp Grant Jan. 17, 1919. SAMUEL A. RASCHEY— Private. Son of Fred and Anna Rachey. Entered the service Feb. 22, 1918 in Battery -^' 339th Field Artillery, Camp Dodge. Transferred April ERNEST GINGERY—Jeffers, First Class Private. Son 12, 1918 to Co. G, 35th Div., 139th Inf. Participated in of Joseph Gingery. Entered service Oct. 23, 1918, the Argonne and the Alsace-Lorraine Offensive. Wounded Trained at Camp Forrest, Ga. Discharged Jan. 7, 1919 in the Argonne Sept. 29, 1918. Discharged at Camp at Camp Dodge, la. Dodge .'\pril 25, 1919. : : ; ; 8

DONALD BRANDT ROBIXSON. Windom. First Lieut. ABRAHAM L. THOMPSON— Private. Entered the service Signal Corps. Son of G. W. Robinson. Commissioned Sept. 27, 1918 in Co. 8, i6rst D. B. at Camp Grant. Later June 21, 191 7 in Co. B, 22d Field Signal Bn. Trained was transferred to I Bn., ist Co. Inf. Rep. and Transfer at Ft. Leavenworth, Kans. Transferred Oct. 6, 19 17 to Troops. Transferred to Headquarters Co., i6ist D. B. 309th Field Signal Bn., Camp Taylor, Ky. Sailed for Mar. 3, 1919- Promoted to Co. Cook Oct. 15, igiS. Dis- France Sept. 9, 1918 by way of Glasgow. Scotland. Trans- charged at Camp Grant, 111., June 5. 1919. ferred to Valuation Board. Peace Conference, Paris, France. Promoted to Captain Nov. 2, 1917. In command 309th Signal En. from July i6th to Sept. 2, 1918. From Oct. 6th to Dec. 20. igiS. Acting Division Signal Offi- JOHN L. WILLIAMS—Eng. 2 C. \'olunteered his ser- cer, 84th Division at Neuic. France from Oct. 6th to Nov. vices to the Government May 30, 1917. Trained at New- 5th. Discharged at Camp Alfred Vail, N. J., May 5. port, R. L, on Receiving Ship "Boston." Transferred to 1919. training station, Hingham, Mass., then to the U. S. S. Min- nesota. Was engaged in the Transport service, making three trips across. April 18 was promoted to fireman sec- ond class; June i, 1918 to fireman first class; Jan. i, 1919, LEWIS SCHAD—Private, of Springfield. Minn. Son of to engineer second class. Was discharged at Minneapolis Adolph Shad. Entered service June 5, 1917 in the 86th Aug. 2, 1919. Div. Trained at Camp Grant for a while and later trans- ferred to Camp Upton, N. V., in the Sgth Div. and evi- dently soon went overseas for he was wounded in battle Oct. 20. 191 8. May 15, 19 19 he left Germany and was IRVING N. WILSON, Private. Entered the service July evidently on post duty somewhere along the Rhine after 29, 1918, in Co. I, 2d Recruiting Battalion, Camp Forrest. getting over his wound. He was discharged at Camp Ga. Transferred Aug. 27. 1918 to 212th Eng., 12th Div., Dodge, Iowa, May 31, 1919. Camp Devens; Oct. 19, 191S, to Munition Factory, Water- bury, Conn.; Dec. 21, 191S to 4th Co. at Fort Slocum. Dis- charged at Ft. Slocum, Jan. 6, 1919.

DAVID SCHWEMER—Mt. Lake, Private. So of David and Katie Schwemer. Entered service Mar, 29. 1918. Trained at Camp Dodge. Transferred to Medical Corps. GUNNER NICKLSON— Corporal, of Walnut Grove. Son Ft. Riley, May 22, 1918; May 25 to Base Hospital, Camp of August and Anna Nicklson. Entered service Sept. Cody, New Mexico. Discharged at Camp Cody, Jan. -'4 21, 1917. in Co. D, 351st Reg., 88th Div. Trained at 1919. Camp Dodge till Oct. i, when he w^as transferred to a Quarantine Camp. He was promoted to rank of Cor-

poral April 23, 19 1 8. And he was discharged at Camp

Dodge May 31, 1 9 1 9. LESLIE W. SORENSON. Storden. Private. Entered the service July 15. 1918. In Co. B, ist Reg., 871st Aero Squadron, Overland Building, St. Paul. Was discharged at Minneapolis, Minn., Dec. 19, 1918. EMIL THORESON— Private, of Windom, Minn. Son of Mrs. Carrie Thoreson. Entered service June 15, 19 1 in Co. A, 138th F. A. Trained at the L^niversity Farm. University of Minnesota, Det. No. i, St. Paul. Minn. It B. R. SCHROEDER— Ensign, U. S. N. R. F. Entered the appears he was transferred to Camp Shelby and later to service April 29, 191S. Trained at Municipal Pier. Chi- Camp Unton, N. Y. He saw overseas duty and returned cago. Was promoted to Ensign Dec. 27, 1918. Trans- to the United States by way of Brest Feb. 2, 1919. And ferred to Cleveland Aug. 4th, then to Pelham Bav Park he was discharged at Camp Grant Feb. 27, 19 19. Nov. 4, 1918. Discharged at New York Citv Mar. ^5 1919.

OTTO LEE ZIMMERMAN— Private, of Windom. Minn. Son of Otto Zimmerman. Entered the service June 25. HENRY SOLEM— Private. Entered the service Feb. 22, 19 1 8 in Co. L. 342d Inf.. 86th Div. at Camp Grant, 111. 19 18 in Co. D. 313th Engineers, 88th Div. at Camp Was later transferred to Co. C. 353d Inf., 89th Div. He podge. Sailed for France Mav 10, 1918. Was trans- sailed from \^. S. Sept. 9. 1918 for France via England. ferred to Co. D, 33d Eng. While in France he was em- Was with the A. E. F. and participated in the Meuse-Ar- ployed at building railroads and hospitals. Discharged at gonne Ofi'ensive. Left France May 15. 19 19, and re- Camp Dodge. la.. June 13, 1919. ceived his discharge at Camp Dodge, Iowa, May 31, 1919.

To My Soldier

I'm feeling pretty worried over all the things I hear. Of the shrapnel and the cannons that are roaring 'round you, dear Of the Zeppelins and the aeroplanes and the snaky submarines. But worst of all the things I hear that nearly turn me green. Is fear of all the damsels you'll be meeting over there The Parisians and the Belgian maids with their fascinating air. To be a loyal lover, don't forsake the girl back home. No matter how they smile on you, don't let your fancy roam, F'or the French girls may be pretty and the nurses may be kind. But do not be a traitor to the girl you left beliind.

I know that you are loyal to the old Red, White and Blue And I hope that you'll be loyal to your little sweetheart, too. Against the bun they spell with U. you'll hold your own. I know. But I fear you may be ambushed by the hons they spell with O. Stand guard against temptation, don't surrender to their charms. And wait till you come back to me, before enfolding arms. Leave the French girls for the French men and the nurses to the Docs But the soldier boy in khaki, for the girl who knit the socks. For the French girls may be pretty and the nurses may be kind, But do not be a traitor to the girl you left behind.

-Your Sweetheart. Ninety boys left for Camp Dodge, Iowa. September 21, 1917.

Frank Hengtgen. Storden Gilbert Johnson. Landjerton Castle B. Wilson, Windom Edward Jenzen. Sanborn Dave Harder, Mt. Lake E. Byron Berry, Windom Earl Vandermoon, Windom John Ross. Storden John A. Arntson, Windom Edward Lndvigson. Westhrook Mark Lane, Windom Arthur P. Erickson, Westbrook Oscar Alirahamson, Windom Frank Curley, Mt. Lake Paul F'. Imme. Sanborn Andrew Thompson. Storden Guy Olson, Dundee Frank J. Neufeld, Mt. Lake Roy Haynes. i\lt. Lake Clarence Ives, Mt. Lake Richard C. Regier, Mt. Lake Ernest Turner. Bin.sliam Lake Obert Sands, Windom Martin Borsness, Westhrook Hans Gilbertson. JefFers Fred Halter, Sanborn Herman R. Quade. Storden Jacob F. Goossen. Mt. Lake Tennie Olson, Jeffers Otto .\. Pufahl, Jetfers Herman Pieske, Sanborn .\lfred Hanson, A'lt. Lake Jolm H. Tbiessen, JNIt. Lake Jacob H. Xeufeld. Mt. Lake Robert Thram, Sanborn Delliert .A, Keller, Windom Forrest Soule, Windom Emil Hanson, Walnut Grove lohn .\. Hamberg, Windom George Huckstedt. Mt. Lake Clarence Schrivner, Westbrook William Radke, Mt. Lake Jobn Broers. Dundee Percy Graham. Jeffers Robert C. Parmlej', Heron Lake Edwin NeLson, Westbrook Jens Kjeldsen, Windom Klaas K, Hiebert, Bingham Lake Harvey Wickert. Heron Lake Clinton Hyde, Biu,gham Lake Ole J. Olson. Heron Lake Elias Herber, Catawa. Wis. Jacob Faust, Windom Fdward Young. Windom Rasmus Hanson, Westbrook Clarence .\mundson. Lamlierton .\brabam H. Quiring, Mt. Lake Isaac J. Voth, Mt. Lake Henry Young. Bingham Lake John .Albright, Jeffers Carl Youngren. Comfrey .Anton M. Lenboff, Windom Victor Hanson, Windom Otto Grams. Westbrook Fred P. Rundlett. Bingham Lake Norman Foss, Revere Frank Becker. Dundee Geo. A. Peterson, Westbrook .Arthur H. Johnson. Mt. Lake Louis Vollmer, Jeffers Geo. R. Wall, Mt. Lake Jacob Eitzen, Mt. Lake Remmer E. Saxton, Sanborn .Alternates Clyde Brooks, Jeffers Henry C. Neufeld, Mt. Lake Peter LaMaack, Dundee Edwin Emil Essig, Sanborn Hebner E- Nelson, Westbrook Paul Mitchell, Bingham Lake Herbert R. Reese, Storden Henry D. Hamm, Mt. Lake John Kliewer, Mt. Lake Nikolai Johnson, Westbrook .Adolph Halvorson, Lamberton Henry Nielson, Windom Harry C. Peterson, Westbrook Leslie E. Noble. Jeffers Elmer J. Rowley, Westbrook Ronald L. Holliston, Windom .Andrew .A. .Aarsand, Storden Eric Rector, Mt. Lake Frank N. Dick, Mt. Lake Ernest J. Carbine .«»«l'!Si

^^^^m^^mmmmmmsm^m^m- before which a platform had been buih and from depot the rear of the parade was still on the west which the program was given. A. W. Annes, Chair- side of the school house. It was here the real man, announced the program and after a male good-byes were spoken and it was not uncommon quartet was rendered and invocation by Rev. Brown, to see tears streaming down the faces of relatives who also gave a short talk after which he introduced and friends of the departing boys. It was difficult Dr. Freeman, of Minneapolis, Minn., wdio is a Win- for the boys to control themselves but they did dom favorite, and received close attention during his nobly and by so doing made it easier for father, address. His address was full of inspiration and mother, sister, brother, friend and sweetheart. And everyone who heard him must have felt themselves as the car was attached to the train the croud united truer Americans for listening to him. in three rousing cheers, not only for the Cotton- At the conclusion of the program the parade wood County contingent, but also for the Murray formed to escort the boys to the depot. First County lads who were also on the train in their marched the Band, escorted by A. W. Annes, Judge special car. of Probate, mounted, who acted as marshal of the From this time until the end of the war detach- day, then the G. A. R. members came in autos, then ments of men went out regularly according to the the school pupils and the Boy Scouts of Bingham draft calls from this county. By the end of the Lake. And following these came and Windom war Cottonwood County had furnished in volun- Cottonwood County members of Co. F, of Wor- teers and draftees about seven hundred men for thington, Minn., and the new soldiers of freedom. Beside and following the people in the parade were military service. And a great number of tliese men hundreds of citizens and wlien the band reached the saw^ action in the decisive battles against the Hun. 4

1 '5^ i; S rt « c

OTh4

Oil :a;£S^!< D-iO

OJ S 3 L. ":5

aj MH

bo V

C ^ — — ra '•/! '-' O 1- r>i u :x X O O < Tliirteen Uoys sent to Cincinnati, Ohio, April 8, 1918.

LeUuid S. Van Xeat, Windom, Minn. Simon Snyder, Windom, Minn. Kurt Henry Kruger. Westlirook, Minn. Lennie Aune. Windom, Minn. John Ernest Carbine, Windom, Minn. Harry A. Solom, Windom, Minn. Xels O. L. Hanson, Windom, Minn. Frank Balzer, Jr., Mt. Lake, Minn. H olden Leim, Bingham Lake, Minn. Frank A. Shottlc, Windom, Minn. Windom, Minn. Gunder J. Fladebo, Storden. Minn. Ben Groutte, .\xel F. Fredrickson, Storden. Minn.

Twelve bovs sent to Cohtmbus Barracks, Columbus, Ohio, May 2, 1918.

White, Heron Lake, Minn. Geo. J. Ott, Tacoma, Wash. Henry A. Henry H. Peters, Mountain Lake, Minn. .\lbert J. Hayes, Sheldon, Iowa. Klass Rol, Redwood Falls, Minn. .\lbin W. Blom, Confery, Minn. Herbert L. Anderson, Windom, JNIinn. David R. Heffele, Mountain Lake, Minn. ."Krrie Heijn, Windom, Minn. Earl McCormick, Bingham Lake, Minn. Emil Ellingson, Laniberton, ISIinn. Nick Massahas, Windom, Minn. s^i 5;^i5£; S =^ ^'^

.rr- +^ o M'; ;2^ •5^i*M'S:r^. .Wi o > c o Sis 5 bo r; - ^

.-; O 1^' 5 « ^ . 1 W ,5

o '

= o = 4 ? B-'S

-^ M 13 :- Ct P S O ' r^ p>

2 bfi §>: "^ tiC '^ O re o i> r^ n> -> 4-1 r- *- . 1- O -' c :>r= op-i re o > bofi -5 ?fON pa "

^ Z^ = I- „ k4 ^-. - r- rt !- '^ ^ '^ :i: jl, > " o-j: ^'-^ iS ^ Si S « ir P S^ &H

n p

d Q.E .S.Sc is ^i .5 3^5 - §2 cu re ;J'j^ o hi oj ie 1- *^^ s^ . (y JU^>fe^ +- - bo ™ '" *" - o bO£ ^ r-' re O 0)

0^ CU I- -'8-a's'S" OVJ.,^

'5 ^ S 5 ^ c" h4 c •S.S c 5 CJ re 'y^l p «j§)S2 .5 > S- P p -^ ^ o -p - C5 = >. p C -a p *- 5^ n 1- Cjo p -P 0; f^ ^^ P- ;-^ re' «^ 2 Q •o.S c C V- O -J P O. >- ^1^ oj bOi—,< re Qj p o ' P c --^K — O oj- ., >- re o ,/, c " re bo>._P s .5-S -i^H •PQ-S CO • 5 t' O — Pi'> ^CJ "= K Pp F^' W CO re

John M. HofstaU. Storden, Minn. Jacob G. Rahn. Mt. Lake, Minn. .'\bram P.. Pankratz. Mt. Lake, Minn. Henry .\. Goosen. Mt. Lake, Minn. Arron P. Tiessen, Mt. Lake, Minn. .\vert Chris Dahl, Windom, Minn. Lars T. Olson, Storden, Minn. Henry C. Rausenberger, Dundee, Minn, William J. Deitchman. Windom, Minn. Gottfred Meyers, Mt. Lake, Minn. Andy J. Larger, Bingham Lake, Minn. John M. Pederson, Storden, Minn. Henry Halverson, Laniberton, Minn. Adolph Torkelson, Lamljerton, Minn. Jacob J. Balzer, Mt. Lake, Minn.

Eleven men left for Jefferson Barracks, Mo., .\ug. t), 1918.

Axel Madson, Windom, Minn. John Wall, Mt. Lake, Minn. Peter E. Derksen, Mt. Lake, Minn. John M. Pederson, Storden, Minn. Henry D. Wall, Mt. Lake, Minn. Morris Severson, Windom, Minn. Henry Iverson, Lamberton, Minn. Louis Kullman, Redding, Cal. Class K. Dick, Mt. Lake, Minn. John M. Christenson, Ft. Dodge, Iowa. Arthur E. Hoick, Jeffers, Minn, Fifteen men left for Camp Grant. 111., Sept. 4, 1018.

Jolin B. Camden, Minneapolis, JNIinn. Hilmer S. Wester, Windom, ]\linn. Sidney O. Johnston, Windom, Minn. Lars Svalland, Dundee, Minn. .\n(Ior Larson, Storden, Minn. .\rthi1r P. Steinke, B. Lake, Minn, (ierliard G. Kliewer, Mt. Lake, iMinn. Gerhard S. Remple, Mt. Lake, Minn. Peter S. Derksen, Mt. Lake, Minn. Peter H. Peters, Mt. Lake, Minn. Ernest E. Piotraschke, Windom, Minn. Jacoh J. Ewert, Mt. Lake, Minn. Lewis E. Nelson, Windom, Minn. Cornelius C. Harder, B. Lake, Minn. John E. Peterson, Westbrook, Minn. Four l)0_vs were not present when photo was made.

Si.x men left for the Lhiiversity of Minnesota, Min- neapolis, Minn., June 15, 1918.

Einil M. Svkora, Storden Willis H. Nichols, Windom Emil Thoreson, Windom Arthur Lenhofif, Storden Tom Hules, Windom Elmer Maonuson, Windom

Four men left for Deaf .\^\lunl, Iiulianaiinh-, Ind, \uy It, I'.IKS.

James A. Hanson, Westbrook, Minn. Donald 3. Marcv, Windom, Minn. William E. Engle, Windom, Minn. John F. Janzen, Mt. Lake, Minn.

Ten men left for L'niversity of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn., .\ug. 1.5, 1918.

Frank W. Kilgore, Windom, Minn. William H. Turnbull. Jeffers, jNlinn.

Esten Moen, Windom, Minn. Leslie J, Sigstad, Windotu, ]Minn. Harvey C. Jackson Dale C. Purrington. Windom, Minn. Henry F. Jungas, Mountain Lake, Minn. Reuben G. .\nonson, Windom, Minn. Olaf Erickson, Windom, Minn. Three men left for Ft. Siielling Minn., Sept. :!. I'JlS. John Sanger, Wincloni, Minn. .Arnold Johnson, Windom, Minn. Edward Hocke, Windom, Minn.

Four men left for Camp Sept. :!, 191 S.

Frank J. Hiebert, ^Nlt. Lake, Minn. .Arthur E. Tillisch, Windom, Minn. George E. Derkson, Mt. Lake, Minn. David E. Fast, Mt. Lake, Minn.

Fourteen boys sent to Camp Grant, 111., .Aug. 28, 1918.

Jacob A. Warkentin, Mt. Lake, Minn. Abraham L. Thompson, Windom, INIinn. Halften M. Bjerke, Revere, Minn. Carl C. Anderson, Westbrook, Minn. August J. Gieselman, Dundee, Minn. Peter A. Klaason, Mt. Lake, Minn. Henry A. Bartsch, Mt. Lake, Minn. Gerharg Kupker, Jeffers, Minn. Ernest Walter Xelson, Mt. Lake, Minn. Thomas Carter, Jefifers, Minn. John Oeltjenbruns, Mt. Lake, Minn. Joseph E. Farnham. Windom, Minn. Frank Schulte, Mt. Lake, Minn. Henry L. Sampson, Westbrook, Minn. ;

c c

5" • n^'

p^^:; Or* = * .2 - ^ » g5 1-. _:i tn cI

— „ E "^ >• = c J ^ . „ ^^„ = i;

^ i .2 ° c ul 1- u OJ :>. a -z >. S O il E : .Of, a re c^CL, c

C a; >. ^ = 13 >. ra bo '• — '— K --> — o c - ^ a> S O p s ra '^^ -^ ^ rf 3 3 ^ 3 ^ re^ j= S 5:01 fc

o

O

c c ^ • ~ ^§.^ ": « £S

5 „-SS V, ^^•^ - o ^ 8 S o;^ Q Ek4 rt ^^ a> a; ^ -'-a fe :!t: g 5 c o O .

o u S t^'^ 3

' -- f^' —i O C O on u ^ -* c/j > _^

r i^ c _ " " c^ 3 o J3 ^Wpi^OOJ UH

o 8>J C nj C O' -S^; o X I- o , :>J= rt „- bo ;

. i o

OJ re =u ^ S-S^ o

t« OJ tin C X W re tr re _^ C '- '"'•^ :S * E CO o

Carl Edwin Schmidt. Jefifers, Minn. Narris Kasa, Revere, Minn. Elmer S. T. Huffman. Storden, Minn. Elmer John Nelson, Lake Cr^'stal, Minn.

These men sent to Overland Building, St. Paul, Minn., July 15, 1918.

Paul Verrige \y. A. Peterson. Clerk of Draft Board F'red J. Werner Leslie W. Sorenson Frank A. Miller Holver Bang

The following men, of whom we have no picture, as they left for the various camps as stated below.

Cornell University, Ithaca. N. Y.. Feb. 9, 1918. Camp Dodge, Iowa, April 26, 1918. Victor L. Aldrich. Windom, Minn. Everett L. Stines, Windom. Minn. Langley Field, Hampton, Va., Jan. 29, 1918. Per D. Pearson, Madrid, Iowa. Richard S. Brubacher, Windom, Minn. Camp Dodge, Iowa, Sept. 21, 1918. Camp Green. N. Carolina. Jan. 18, 1918. Arthur H. Johnson Walter M. Cowan. Windom. Minn. Camp Dodge, Iowa, Sept. 21, 1918. Nelson J. Bell. Windom, IVIinn. Edward A. Janzen, Mt. Lake, Minn. Forrest E. Villier, Windom, Minn. Camp Dodge. Iowa. Dec. 17, 1918. Walter Miller, Windom, Minn. Harold R. Thorne, Windom, Minn. Robert F. Cowan, Windom, Minn. Jacob A. Bakke, Storden, Minn. Lowell W. Crane, Windom, Minn. Camp Dodge, Iowa, June 24, 1918. John E. Rand, Jeffers, Minn. Joe H. Wright. Windom, Minn. Leslie J. Purrington, Windom, Minn. Camp Dodge, Iowa, May 6, 1918. Camp Green, N. Carolina, Jan. 29, 1918. Harry Montgomery, Windom, Minn. Walter Bell, Windom, Minn. Camp Dodge, Iowa, Sept. 19, 1918. Frank J. Wolf, Windom, ;\linn. Clement Olson Titus J. Kline, Jefifers, Minn. Nels H. Petersen Camp Mead, Md., May 27, 1918. Johannes Nielsen Francis A. Carroll, JefTers, Minn. CaiTip Sevier, S. Carolina, May 17, 1918. Camp Green, N. Carolina, Feb. 12, 1918. Henry J. Schmidt, Mt. Lake, Minn. John H. Solem, Windom, Minn. Joseph A. Fuller Emil Danielson, Windom, Minn. George H. Rand, Jefifers, Minn. Overland Building, St. Paul, Minn., July 23, 1918.

Camp Grant, 111., May 28, 1918. Oscar Mones, Windom, Minn. George B. Case Ohrn Nyoet Camp Wadsworth, S. Carolina, July 26, 1918.

Columbus Barracks. Ohio. May 3, 1918. Rudolph Anderson Frank E. Devlin, Windom, Minn. Camp Forrest, Ga., July 29, 1918. Milton H. Borst, Windom. Minn. Clyde H. Shaner, Storden, Minn. Lee H. Johnson, Windom, Minn. Syracuse Recruit Camp, N. Y., Aug. 5, 1918. Camp Gordon, Atlanta, Ga.. Sept. 21, 1918. Leroy C. Pietz, Westbrook, Minn. Thomas E. Hallyburton, Windom, Minn. Berton E. Severson, Windom, Minn. Camp Custer, Mich., May 16, 1918. Signal Corps Aviation Mechanics Training School, Erie C. Annes, Windom, Minn. St. Paul, Minn., June 26, 1918. Clarence T. Nelson, Windom, Minn. Fort Leavenworth, Kans., Feb. 12, 1918. Harold W. Hatch, Storden. Minn. Camp Hancock, Georgia. March 11. 1918. Clarence H. Akerlund. Storden, Minn. Martin W. Dufify. Windom. Minn. John H. Gale, Windom, Minn. Jefiferson Barracks, Mo., March 12, 1918. John T. Melary James W. O'Brien Herman C. Jensen. Windom, Minn. Emil J. Witt F'ort Leavenworth, Kans., Jan. 29, 1918. Camp Lewis, Washington, April 26, 1918. Shaner, Storden, JNIinn. Leonard L. Baker, Windom, Minn. Claude W. Coast Defenses of Chesapeake Bay, Ft. Monroe, John M. Hanson. Storden. Minn. Va., June 2.5. 1918. Alva Cox, Storden, Minn. Theodore O. Wedel : ; :

COTTONWOOD COUNTY DRAFT BOARD. Pvt. Grover Darrack Qle G. Peterson W. A. Peterson ^ S. A. Brown Dr. F. R. Weiser

Cottonwood County Draft Board

In May, 1917, the President appointed tlie fol- Membership of Selective Service Board. lowing Draft Board for Cottonwood County: Qle Peterson, Ole G., G. Peterson, Chairman, Windom. Chairman ; S. A. Brown. Secretary Brown, S. A., Secretary, Windom. Dr. L. Sogge, Surgeon, and O. Finstad, Govern- J. Weiser, F. R., Surgeon, Windom. ment Appeal Agent. Peterson, W. A., Chief Clerk, Windom. On account of being listed in the Medical Re- Finstad, O. J., Govt. Appeal Agent, Windom. serve Corps Dr. L. Sogge was relieved from fur- ther service in June, 1917, and Dr. F. R. Weiser Registrants F'inally Classified was appointed as Surgeon of the Board. The per- sonnel of the board then remained unchanged throughout the war. To supervise the various registrations throughout the County, to examine these men and classify them for military service, to carefully act on claims for exemption that an army might be furnished the gov- ernment without crippling the wheels of industry at home, virtually to direct the man power of Cotton- wood County in the channels which would best serve the nation in the crisis, this was the tremendously responsible task assigned the Local Draft Board of Cottonwood County. The following tabular state- ment taken from the Adjutant General's report gives some interesting information as to registration, classification and induction of men in Cottonwood County Cottonwood County Board, Windom, Minn. Total number of registrants, 3,221. Total number of registrants inducted, 46.5. Total number of camps to which registrants were sent, 30. :

to be a part of the armed forces of the United Aug. 6, 1917, General Crowder requested the ap- States are imbued with the idea that they are a pointment of one attorney to each Local Board who vital and essential part of the country and because was known as a "Government Appeal Agent." of their selection are representing the civilized world O. J. Finstad was appointed as such agent for the in its struggle for existence. Cottonwood County Draft Board. The duties of Perliaps the greatest factor in the selection of this these men consisted of a fair and impartial review immense army was the army of public spirited citi- of the case of each registrant with a view of de- zens who have so freely given of their time to serve termination whether or not there was any question on the "selection board," or as they have been prop- as to the registrant's liability to military service. erly termed, "draft boards." The time and faithful These appeal agents took no active part in the service these members accorded their draft work has deliberations of the Local Board. They were to in many instances detrimentally affected their per- remain aloof from such deliberations and safeguard sonal businesses, and health. This factor did not the interests of the nation. It might be presumed deter them in this work, it rather acted as an added that Local Board members would regard a Govern- incentive to give more time and thought to the se- ment appeal agent as one who would be an unwel- lective service work. Working almost inhuman come busybody. Such was not the case, however; stretches of time in order to complete as rapidly as the Government appeal agent was received with possible some immediate, pressing task connected Iiearty acclaim by the Local Board members because with the furnishing of men for the army, these draft his presence had a tendency to raise or keep the board members would "come up" fresh and smiling efficiency of tlie board at a high standard. and ready for whatever was the next job. In comparative standing tliroughout the state the Very few of the general public have any concep- Cottonwood County Draft Board stood third in the tion of the varied and important tasks which con- number of men rejected on account of physical dis- stituted a day's work for a member of one of these abilities at camps to which they were sent. In re- boards. Yet, if they would only stop to think that gard to relative standing as to number of men sent on the decision rendered, may have rested the wel- into the service compared with population the Cot- fare of an entire family or the contentment of an tonwood County Board stood fifth. entire neighborhood, they would have readily dis- Those people old enough to recall the scenes at- covered that the work was of sucli an important na- tending the farewells given armed men who fought ture that these members might be well considered in the Civif War and those who remembered the as "Gods of Olympus." It was an absolutely unique celebrations attending the departure of Cottonwood position to place these men in and it was one which County's troops to engage in the Spanish American required an immense amount of study and attention War, declared that never before in its history had to detail and unfailing tact if they would so conduct citizens of Cottonwood County and Minnesota given themselves as to cast nothing but credit on the such a tremendous ovation as was given to the first methods employed in the formation of our army. men who entrained for training at Camp Dodge, May it be said to the credit of the board members Iowa. Parades, banquets, formal balls and recep- in Minnesota that they have covered themselves with tions were tendered these men. Each one of these glory and have, like Caesar's wife, been "above sus- drafted men thus entertained were so impressed picion." with the "home spirit" that they declared they would Soon after the first draft Sept. 21, 1917, it became carry with them the exaltation thus given to the apparent that on account of the large volume of front line trenches. These men who were sent in business and the need of keeping an accurate sys- the first 5 per cent contingent were America's first tem of records that the board would be unable to answer to German autocracy. Many of this first keep up the clerical work and in harmony with the contingent as well as those sent later have entered revised rules of the government each draft board on the "great adventure" and now lie peacefully was given authority to appoint a chief clerk to give under French soil which they enriched with their his entire time to the clerical work of the selective own young blood in order that America might pay service system. In December, 1917, W. A. Peterson her debt to Freedom. was appointed chief clerk of the Local Board for The Cottonwood County and served faithfully and effi- Provost Marshal General has the following ciently until March, 1919, when all records were to say: ordered forwarded to the Provost Marshal General "May it be said of the selective service system that at Washington. During the latter part of the sum- it is a leveler of barriers between the classes and mer of 1918 the Adjutant General's ofiice at St. Paul the masses; it is the only method which overcomes detailed Grover Darrack as military clerk for the the often repeated complaint that 'the poor fight board, who remained with the board until the early the battle of the rich.' It is the only fair method part of 1919. of recruiting an army." And a Missouri board for- Early in the process of decision regarding the en- mally places on record the following conclusion trance into, or rejection from the National Army, "We have no hesitancy in saying that in our official of registrants, it was discovered that there was a judgment the Selective Service Law is the greatest vital necessity for some person to undertake an scheme ever conceived in the minds of men for appeal of certain cases from Local Boards to Dis- raising an army. It is fair, just, equitable, humane, trict Boards where there was any occasion to be- and admirable, even to its minutest detail. In our lieve that exemptions or discharges were not to judgment a sufficient army could not have been the best interest of the Nation. Under date of raised without the comprehensive draft system." :

Liberty Loan Coniiiiittec of the Citv of Wiiidoni, reading from left to riglit

Top Row: Al. T. Anderson. J. E. Foss. T. A. Perkins. O. M. Hammerstad, R. A. Van Nest. Bottom Row: J. J. Rupp. Albert Wynne, W. L. Silliman. M. L. Fisch and Gust Midler.

Two and Three Quarter Millions in Liberty Bonds

When the government called for men and money, president of the First National Bank, Windom. it meant bard and concentrated effort to fulfill the Minn., as chairman, was put on under a more thor- patriotic demand, but it was not for Cottonwood oughly organized system. It was at this time that County to fail, quite the opposite, all but a few- the Blue Card System was adopted. This com- responded to the call and made this county proud to pelled all those who would not take out their allot- this day of its record during the most serious period ment of bonds to sign a blue card, this card being the world has ever known. sent in to the Executive Committee, who in turn The people were called upon five different times called the party before them and in most instances and each time shows a record that any county the allotment was taken. In some instances, how- should hold as a mark of Americanism, strong and ever, adjustment was made and in still others it was keen for Old Glory, the flag that means more to the deemed that no allotment should have been made, people of our land than any banner has ever meant while in a few instances it was necessary to turn the to any people in the history of all creation. It was parties over to the Public Safety Commission, which only once, however, that the county did not go resulted in the allotments being taken. over the top. This drive resulted in going over the top by a The tirst bond issue was met by the banks, with good margin and left the people all feeling more Carl Duroe, Cashier of the State Bank of Jefifers. than pleased about their success in showing their Jeffers, Minnesota, and at the time president of the patriotic attitude. County Bankers' Association of Cottonwood County. The fourth bond issue was taken in hand with the The bonds in turn were sold to the people and they same keen enthusiasm and every one is proud to bought enthusiastically, the fvdl allotment being note that the county went over the top with a broad sold, and the county can be pleased with the record margin. W. J. Clark still being County Chairman that remains. of the board. The second bond issue with H. E. Hanson, presi- The fifth bond issue known as the Victory Loan, dent of the Farmers State Bank of Windom, Win- the last but not the least, was met by the people en- dom, Minn., as chairman, was preceded by a cam- thusiastically and also showed Cottonwood County paign of advertising and speaking. More of an ef- going over the top. W. J. Clark was also County fort was made to reach the people in the country Chairman for this drive. districts, but there were many who were not solic- W. J. Clark deserved credit for his efforts put ited. The county fell short on this bond issue, sub- forth in the three issues in which he held office as scribing less than the county's allotment and this County Chairman. The work of organizing and was the only bond issue in which this county did not getting everything in order at the different times go over the top. meant no small sacrifice on his part. We cannot, The country realized that it would be necessary however, forget Mr. Duroe and Mr. Hanson, for to adopt a definite system to successfully carry on this county, as well as other counties, was not or- another drive. So it was planned carefully and at ganized at this time, consequently making it very the opening of the third bond issue every county difficult to float the bonds to the best results. For was thoroughly organized to meet the drive. as we all know that where a thing is not organized When the third bond issue, with W. J. Clark, it never makes its best showing, and we are sure ;

that Cottonwood County would not take a smaller more pressing and the War Savings Drive was de- place for anything as important as that of Liberty termined on. Mr. Redding put the drive over with and Victory bonds. the same organization he had used in the Thrift Following is list of the County Executive Commit- sales and education work. The county was divided tee : into six districts, each containing one village and W. J. Clark, Chairman. three townships. Mr. J. O. Thompson was chairman of Windom COMMITTEE MEN and the townships of Great Bend, Springfield and

D. U. Weld M. C. Void Southbrook ; W. J. McGladrey of Bingham Lake and

H. P. Goertz Wilson Borst the townships of Lakeside, Dale and Delton ; Dr. H. E. Hanson C. R. Duroe Rieke and J. Franz of Mountain Lake and the T. H. Dickman John E. Villa townships of Mountain Lake, Midway and Selma O. C. Lande Vigo Miller W. T. Lundquist of Jeffers and the townships of

Fred Langley A. F. Meyers Dale, Amboy and Germantown ; Car! Ruhberg of J. A. Redding Storden and the townships of Amo, Storden and Highwater; A. F. Meyer of Westbrook, and the The E.xccutive Committees are also to 1)e com- townships of Rose Hill, Westbrook and -A.nn. These mended on their duties which show a pronounced District Chairmen and the County Chairman con- effort on their part to do justice in the call of the stituted the Executive Board. government. This county can boast of having as The W. S. S. drive went "over the top" as did fair men on its E.vecutive Committees as human- all the other war time drives in Cottonwood Coun- ity can produce, which results go to prove in figures ty. and also in the lives of the citizens of this county. Mr. Rogers drafted W. J. McGladrey of Bingham Lake to do special lecture work on the question of WAR SAVING ORGANIZATION AND WORK thrift, particularly to schools. Mr. McGladrey has spoken to about one hundred and seventy-five schools Mr. J. ,\. Redding, president of the First State and societies since he was drafted. Since he began Bank of Bingham Lake, was chosen by Mr. Arthur that thrift work for the government, and it was B. Rogers as War Savings Chairman for Cotton- a success, Mr. Rogers has drafted several traveling wood County. Mr. Redding started a campaign of men wlio talk on thrift for the government. The thrift education all over the county. He had Thrift work was entirely gratis, neither salary nor expense Societies organized in almost all the schools and in being allowed. other many organizations. These societies took up The following Committees were the ones who ac- the sale of Thrift Stamps and tlie conversion of tually made the drive a success as the local workers them into War Saving Stamps. made every drive a success. Too much cannot be After these societies had been running some tiine said of the energy and enthusiasm that they threw the need for money to prosecute the war became into the work.

Liberty Loan Committee of the Village of Jeffens. reading from left to right: George Pease, Ed. Schmotzer Charles Grabert, M. B. Harrison, C. E. Perkins, chairman, L. A. Duroe, W. A. Sargent, F' C Butler M B . Fish, J. P. Thorne and Carl F. Duroe. • Those not appearing the picture on are: C. O. Castledine, G. J. Kaess. F. J. Armentrout and H. C. Schopper. AMBOY TOWNSHIP, COMMITTEE AMO TOWNSHIP, COMMITTEE W. F. Potter, Chairman W. A. Morrow, Chairman W. E. Schamburg Bessie Swartz Fred Thram Gust Sykora M. L. Sweeny Hugh Piper Abe DeVries Agnes Thompson J. E. Clifton Johan L. D. Olson F. C. Bufifham Tobie Thompson Ezra Tibbedeau-x, Chairman Ed. McCauley, Jr. Adolph Graff Dave Tibbedeau.x, Chairman August Eichstad Arthur Stiltz H. E. Smith Joy Morrow Joe Johnson Archie Tibbedeau.x Albert Immer Lena Tjentland J. F'. Murphey Herman Bondhus Alfred Kuehl AXX TOWNSHIP, COiMMITTEE GREAT BEND TOWNSHIP, COMMITTEE Ole H. Klevin, Chairman A. G. Mereness, Chairman O. T. Xordsiden Clyde Vandokar E. E. Heggerstou Jens Hanson John Peterson Lawrence Christenson Alfred Martinson W. E. Carter A. B. Ness P. M. Jenks C. H. Anderson Thor Nerness Ole O. Klevin K. Snyder John Bakken Llovd Davis Carl Einertson Arthur Schaffer John Kopperud E. A. Yahnke Albert Warner H. A. Stoughton Merton Dyer Homer Stines CARSON TOWNSHIP, CO^^IMITTEE

A. P. Wiens, Chairman HIGHWATER TOWNSHIP, COMMITTEE Henrv P. Nickel John Pulcher, Chairman Frank B, Hiebert Clara Senst Aaron C. Wiens Gertie Fering T. H. Gustafson Homer Jackson Jacob A. Wiebe Herman Senst Henry Willems Swen S. Swenson J. H. Miller, Chairman Henry Nordeike Frank Schimoske I. O. Iverson, Chaiiman John A. Wiebe Agnes Rekstein Jacob J. Balzer Henry Iverson P. G. Baerg Gordon Katta Abraham B. Friesen Chas. Standacher John A. Fast Henry Warner Christ J. Ferring DALE TOWNSHIP, COMMITTEE LAKESIDE TOWNSHIP, COMMITTEE John Gustafson, Chairman E. J. Gove, Chairman R. H. Wolf A. E. Hyde H. D. Peters F. W. Getting A. Snook, Sr. Herman Kimball J. A. Snook Charles Rippc Dewain Cook Eddie Tompson Grunevald, Ernest Chairman A. M. Hillyard H. K. Morfitt G. Grant, Chairman Nick J. Jeffery Jasse College Geo. Mathieson W, W. Lehman Emil Paulson Matt Hamm K. E. Wing Herbert Rocke Eugene Burbank DELTON TOWNSHIP, COMMITTEE Manley Harper John Schonnenian. Cliairman M'IDWAY TOWNSHIP, C. J. Hakes COMMITTEE Guy Pope Martin Franz, Chairman H. R. Amsden A, A. Wall Jake Devries Abraham Teichroew J. H. Morphew John J, Fast L. A. Potter P. J. Rahn Lewis Minioji, Chairman Theo. Klassen Harley Liesentield P. P. Eitzen Wm. C. Schwieger John D. Schultz, Chairman Lawrence Hayes P. H. Franz J. D. Lndeman Jacob Waltjer C. F. Peterson Abraham Goosen Ambrose Schneider J. J. B. Unruh A. A. Janzen GERMANTOWN TOWNSHIP, COMMITTEE Jacob D. Stoesz Henry Steve, Chairman MOUNTAIN LAKE TOWNSHIP, COMMITTEE Dan Wog W. J. Janzan, Chairman Davis Tom J. H. Wall A. L. Werner Isaac Krahn John Radtke T. W. Behrends Christ Essig Jacob J. Schulz Block Ewalt N. F'. Lowen Radtke, Ed Chairman P. J. Franz, Chairman Herman Krause John B. Fast Art Flaig D. C. Janzan Emil Nohlke Peter Burr John Brandt L. W. Liebrant August Nickel H. R. Wall Abele John D, J. Knueppel ROSE HILL TOWNSHIP, COMMITTEE WESTBROOK TOWNSHIP, COMMITTEE

Simon Olson, Chairman C. J. Nelson, Chairman John E. Rupp N. J. Klarup Tom White Alfred Einerton Gilbert Peterson J. K. Rupp W, P.. Gove H. C. Larson H. R. Pietz Harry J. Adams Cornelius Gertner, Chairman J. A. Christianson, Chairman Jake Rosenberger Theo. Ludvigson Cornelius Wahl Erick Erickson Peter Jackels Peter Peterson Fred Schnieder H. O. Peterson F. W. Gartner COMMITTEE OF THE VILLAGE OF MT. LAKE

J. J. Franz, Chairman SELMA TOWNSHIP, COMIMITTEE M. S. Hanson

W. J. Toews Carl Stadlander. Chairman Harry Woodruff Harlan Groene Dr. A. E. Rieke, Chairman Otto Freitag J. N. Fast Theo. Walter D. J. Schroeder C. A. Blom F. F. Schroeder Oscar Elg W. H. Hudson Emil Samuelson, Chairman COMMITTEE OF THE VT1,L.\C,E OF C. W. Stark WESTBROOK J. C. Reinhard Herm Langhoff A. F. Mever. Chairman C. D. Gabrielson J. B, Wright Fred Junker John M. Kuebl Emil Alternett E. G. Fiel Ed. Bengston Wm. K'lutson Ernest Turner SOUTHBROOK TOWNSHIP, COMMITTEE Fred Lederman T. J. Anderson Andrew Olson T. J. Christy Henry Groof W. J. FVee" Jacob Pelzel F. M. Jarmer Fred Van Norman COMMITTEE OF THE VILLAGE OF JEFFERS Nick Henkels W. T. Lundquist, Anton Mathias Chairman C. O. Casteldine Milo E. Smith C. Perkins Theo. LaMaack E. J. P. Thorne

SPRINGFIELD TOWNSHIP, COMMITTEE COMMITTEE OF THE VILLAGE OF STORDEN

C. H. Ruhberg, A. Riedesel, Chairman Chairman Walter Larson E. B. Jones A. H. Anderson P. F. IDuncan Lloyd St. John Chas. Knudson COMiMITTEE OF THE VILLAGE OF J. F. Flatebo BING- H. P. Nielson HAM LAKE

W. W. Hunter W. J. McGladrev, Cliairman W. K. Mooers W. W. Smith Chas. Swarm C. E. Ware Ed. Sundermann S. P. Stephenson Andrew Olson Frank Rittenhouse F'red Pratt COMMITTEE OF THE CITY OF WINDOM

STORDEN TOWNSHIP, COMMITTEE J. O. Thompson, Chairman Al. .\nderson Charley Braathun, Chairman Albert Wynne Mrs. William Krekes J. E. Foss Katherihe Newton R. A. Van Nest Edna Engeswick Gust Muller Carl Schmidt W. J. Clark T. Jens Musland, Chairman J. B. Benson Mrs. Maren Sellen Ole Hammerstoud Gust Quade M. L. F'isch Hans M. Johnson Dr. Sogge Caleb F. Hofstad W. L. Silliman : :

Liberty Loan Committee of the Village of Storden. reading from left to right Top Row: O. C. Lande, Viggo Miller.

Bottom Row : C. H. Ruhberg, A. H. Anderson, cliairman, and Walter Larson.

Liberty Loan Committee of the Village of Mountain Lake, reading from left to right Top Row: F. F. Schroder, M. S. Hanson, J. J. Franz. Bottom Row: D. J. Schroder, chairman, J. J. Janzen, D. G. Hiebert and George P. Goosen. The balance of the committee not appearing on the picture are: H. P. Goertz, Jr., chairman, and Jacob Bargen. :

Liberty Loan Committee of village of Westbrook. reading from left to right: Mr. Free, Christ Ewey, J. M. Kuehl, chairman, and Edward Kiel. Those not appearing on tlie picture are: A. F. Meyers, chairman. H. W. Footh, L. B. Nielson. Dr. F. M.

Miller and J. L. Sammons.

Liberty Loan Committee of Midway Township, reading from left to right : Jacob Epp, H. D. Loewen, John D. Schultz and Peter Falk. Those not appearing on the picture arc: .\l)r. Tichrow, chairman, Jacob V. Toews, J. J. Regier, H. M. Kroeker, S. M. Olson, P. G. Rahn, Gerhard Buhler and John Ehlers.

Liberty Loan Committee of Southbrook Township, reading from left to right Top Row: F. W. Jarmen, C. Kuehl, John Schaffer, Jr., Henry Groff, chairman.

Bottom Row : Nick Henkels, Theo. LaMaack, Jacob Pelzl and Anton Gieselman. Those not appearing on the picture are: Anton Mathias, Milo E. Smith, George Lutz, K. Hanson, John Solentine and Fred Van Norman. :

Liberty Loan Committee of Dale Townsliip, reading from left to right: Top Row: J. A. Snook, Emil Paulson, Albert Grunewald. R. H. Wolf, Nick Jeffery, K. E. Wing, Dewain Cook, Henry Peters.

Bottom Row: J. C. Tnrnhnll, Geo. Matbison. John Gustafson, chairman, ]

Liberty Loan Committee of Amboy Township, reading from left to right

Top Row : A. W. England, H. Carrow. Albert Immer, W. F. Potter, George Potter.

Bottom Row : Otto Senst. Adolph Graff, Ed. Potter, chairman, and W. S. Swain. Those not appearing on picture: Ezra Tibbedeaux. Joe Johnson and Abe DeVeris. Liberty Loan Committee of Westbronk Towiisliip, reading from left to right; Top Row: Elmer Knutson, Albert C. Anderson, E. Engebritson. Second Row: Hans C. Larson, Carl Nelson, N. H. Byers, Halgrem Erickson. Third Row: Sam Christianson, Frank ludvigso.i, William L. Rossing, chairman, and O. E. H,in£on. Nick Anderson does not appear on the picture.

Liberty Loan Cominitlee of Rose Hill Township, reading from left to right Top Row: J. K. Rupp, Tom White, Henry Lidtke, G. A. Grams, Alex Mitchell. ^^^'' ^^'^"^ Rausenberger, ^u™V D L. A. Rasche, G. H. Klasse, C. C. Cole. Ihird Row: C. Gertner, George Eichner, chairman. Simon Olson, chairman, H. R. Pietz, and P. W, Gove who does not appear on the picture. :

Liberty Loan Committee of Lakeside Township, reailing from left to right. Top Row: F. H. Bnrbank, John Grant. Chas. Spear, Mark Ware.

Second Row : W. A. Fuller, Guy Dryden. Henry Dummett.

Bottom Row : E. J. Gove. C. S. Reeves, Chas. Pierce, chairman, and W. B. Rae.

Those not appearing on the picture arc : Jacob Sbariff and VV. C. Smith.

Liberty Loan Connnittee uf Amo Township, reading from left to right

Top Row : A. O. Stark, George Whiteman, A. G. Piper, George Mead.

Second Row : Thomas Bondhus, W. A. Morrow, Rudolph Pietz, William Kingrey. Bottom Row: John F. Johnson, Ed. McCauIey, Ed. Tabbert, chairman, and A. J. Thompson. W. L. Piper does not appear on the picture. Liberty Loan Committee of Ann Township, reading from left to right: Top Row: O. H. Kleven, Martin Pederson. Andrew Nackerud and Alfred Enstad Bottom Row: Lewis Warner, L L Pederson, Jacob Nelson, chairman, and C W Steen Balance of committee not on picture B. : L. Erickson, C. N. Nichols, C. H. Anderson, Julins Johnson Charles Knutson, H. Takle and Helga Johnson.

Liberty Loan Committee of Mountain Lake Township, reading from the Top Row: left to right John Adrian, John H. Regier, Jacob B. Pankratz, David C. Janzen Bottom Row: Henry Vossage, John Behrends and P. J. Franz not appearing on the picture are: J. H. Wall, Peter Buhr, Henrv. Miller, jJohn Marienau. r Jw-u?'^"" • , Crist Williamson and P. P. Fast.

:

Liberty Loan Committees of Great Bend, Spring- SELMA TOWNSHIP field, Selma and Delton Townships, reading from C. G. Gabrielson, left to right as follows C. W. Stark, Emil Altermatt chairman, Oscar Elg, C. A. Bloom and W. H. Hud- son. Those not appearing on the picture are Emil GREAT BEND TOWNSHIP Samuelson, Ray Swanson, L. Valentine, L. P. Rich- ardson, Theo. Zettler, I. Iblings, T. W. L. Frost, L. H. Smith, E. A. Yahnke, F. Kelly and A. G. Louis Fredin. Mareness, chairman, Paul Hoocke and W. C. Bur- ton. Those not appearing on the picture are : E. E. DELTON TOWNSHIP Rank, James Scurr, L. M. Purrington, Homer Stines, Frank Charles Elston, Robert Cowan, W. C. Carter, A. A. Minion, N. P. Minion, John Kelly and Emil Jeske. Those Reidesel and G. C. Saberson, whose picture will not appearing on the picture are: be found in group, "A Few Cottonwood Count}- War J. B. Savage, chairman, John Schomeman, Louis Hageman, P. R. Callaman, Workers." F. D. Dewey, J. D. Lude- nian and Henry Boeckman. SPRINGFIELD TOWNSHIP VILLAGE OF BINGHAM LAKE F. F'latebo, J. Andrew Olson, H. P. Nelson, G. L. As we were unable to obtain a picture of this St. John, chairman, A. A. Riedesel, chairman, Ed. group we take this opportunity of mentioning our Sunderman and W. W. Hunter. Those not ap'pear- regret. It is known, however, that this mg on the picture are committee : A. P. Vought, Charles Knut- worked faithfully and was successful in obtainin" son, Fred Pratt, whose picture ° was omitted, but an over subscription in each drive. will be found in group, "A Few of Cottonwood Hon. R. H. Jefferson, chairman, Erick Anderson County's War Workers," John Reisdorph, W. K J. A. Redding, A. L. Holt, Victor Rogers, Adolph Mooers, E. Jones, P. F. Duncan, and Charles Swarm Warnicker and J. E. Smith.

Liberty Loan • Committee of Storden Township, reading from left to rio^ht "°'"^^"'pL- L. Hedman, Elias Johnson, Henry A.° Anderson, Soren Jenson, Arthur HollindHolland, Charlesrhl'li°p"/;iBraathun and Caleb Hofstad Bottom Row: S. S. Peterson, C. F. Peterson, H. H. Peterson, Jens Hansen and August Frederickson Those not appearmg in the picture are: Ole Osland, Julius Johnson, J. N. Sorenson and John Rognstad. : :

Liberty Loan Cmnmittfe of Highwater Township, reading from left to right:

Top Row ; Martin Halverson, L O. Iverson. Second Row: Elias Warner, Martin Foss, chairman, and AL'irtin Halverson. Balance of committee not on picture: Nels Knutson, Gnnder Stavnes, Gilbert Swenson, H. A. Senst. Chas. Staitdacker, M. O. Batalden, Christ Fering, Frank Kaatz and John Pulcher.

Liberty Loan Committee of Carson Township, reading from left to right Top Row: Peter J. Fast, Henry Hokanson, Henry Wieler. Bottom Row: John P. Lepp and Mitchell Young. The balance of committee not appearing on the picture are Peter H. Balzer. chairman, Peter C. Wiens, Klaasen, Henry Grothaus. W. T. Nickel. Jacob F. Loewen, I. D. Dick, Peter Buller, John H. Jacob Rupp and C. Heide.

Liberty Loan Committee of Ger- mantown Township, reading from left to right Kayar, Top Row : Ed. Goede. John August Nichol, Art. Flaig.

Bottom Row : John Radtke, C. H. Davis, Herman Krause, chairman, and Emil Bohlke.

Those not appearing on the pic-

ture are : John Brand, Evert Block, A. L. Wern, John .Able, R. Warner and Dan Woge, chairman, of tlie Sec- ond Liberty Loan. The Cottonwood County Farm Bureau

Played Its Part

By Ralph F. Crim

During the fall of 1917 the people of Cottonwood boy, girl, man and woman to put a shoulder to the Comity felt the need of a farm bureau organization wheel of production, .\lmost every school boy ral- for the purpose of stimulating greater production, lied to the call. Our high schools pushed the year's co-operating with the Government, and conservation work thru a little earlier, letting boys out on farms of food supply. The new organization had as its about three to four weeks ahead of the regular clos- first president. A. G. Mereness, and W. L. Frost as ing season. Every able bodied boy or man who did secretary-treasurer. The first County Agent elected not do his share, whether rich or poor, was branded was Ralph F. Crini, who took up his duties February as a slacker. During harvest evening squads of first, 1918. business men and townsmen from all our towns vol- The big job awaiting the newly organized farm unteered their services in helping farmers cut and bureau was to secure sufficient seed corn to plant an shock their grain. The evening squads easily acreage of 61,722. The acreage of previous years shocked four thousand acres of grain throughout the was almost maintained. Every available bit of seed county. One squad reported sixty acres in one to be found in cribs from two-year-old corn, and evening. outside sources was hunted up. There were testing LIncle Sam asked our boys and girls to enroll in stations at Westbrook, Mountain Lake, Bingham club work. Three projects were pushed in Cotton- Lake and Windom. which tested out several thou- wood County. There were sixteen who finished sand bushels of corn. This work secured several with their calves at the County Fair ; thirteen pigs hundred bushels fit for seed. .As a result of the were raised, and fifteen acres of corn were checked work of all loyal forces and communities, a splen- up. The calves, pigs and corn all exhibited at the did stand of corn was obtained. The price of seed County Fair were a fitting demonstration. corn reached the dizzy height of twenty-two dollars Conservation of food stuffs grown on the farm and per bushel. The bulk of seed sold at a price rang- in the city gardens played no small part. Canning ing from ten to fifteen dollars. There was brought demonstrations were staged in five communities, in to Cottonwood County from fifteen hundred to namely : Westbrook, Storden, Jeffers, Mountain Lake two thousand bushels of seed corn, for the reason and Windom. A Girls' Canning Demonstration was that the 1017 corn crop did not mature sufficiently put on at Westbrook. There were over one thou- to make seed corn. This condition e.xisted practi- sand cans of fruit and vegetables added to the usual cally all over the entire corn belt, making ns rely supply as a result of the systematic work of the almost altogether on the 1916 corn crop for seed. Farm Bureau. j\lany farmers aimed to put in five to ten acres Those were strenuous days. Much was accom- more wheat than usual. We increased our yield very plished. There was one goal, namely, the success- nearly one hundred and ten thousand bushels. The ful winning of the war. The spirit of patriotism increased acreage was a result of the splendid co- stimulated our people to the prosecution of a big operation and patriotic spirit of our farmers. The task. We increased our acreage; our bins were eradication of the barberry figured as a part of the filled to overflowing; huge stores of meat, and food program toward greater production of wheat. The products were sent across the Atlantic. Cottonwood people were told the barberry was the intermediate County contributed her part in a fashion which host for black stem rust on small grain. will be a landmark to the Agricultural history of Owing to the large number of boys being constantly her people. Our achievement will be recounted by called to the colors, it became necessarv for everv posterity.

Armenian and Syrian Relief

February 12, 1918, Lincoln's birthday, was the day scarce, with so many people in the same state of set aside for the drive. This was an entirely free condition. It was not for this county to sit by and will offering. There were many wdio thought it let such things happen without action on its part, was unfair to raise the money in the various drives for W. J. Clark was appointed chairman of the coun- by allotments, so here they w'ere given an oppor- ty and a free will offering was taken up amounting tunity to prove the truth or the fallacy of their to $3,600.00. This, however, did not cover the al- argument. lotment and the individual allotment scheme did Just as Belgium and Serbia became the victims not prove out so bad after all, because figures show of the Central Powers, so did Armenia of the cruel that the county fell short $900.00 in this instance. Turks. They were robbed and beaten and many There were committees appointed in the different of them were killed right out and a famine and pest townships and villages for this drive, but no record was set up that was appalling and dangerous to the people. Many went without food for long periods was kept as to wdiom they were, consequently we living only on roots and herbs, but even these were are unable to give those credit who deserve it. :

The County Public Safety Commission

In tlie spring of 1917. when war liad lieen declared ADVISORY COUNCIL with Germany the legislature was still in session. E. H._ Klock Tno. J. Rupp Governor Burnquist immediately advised the legis- A. W. Amies Dr. H. C. Beise lature to enact legislation which would put the O. J. Finstad A. D. Nelson State on a war basis. There was formed by the Wilson Borst C. W. Gillam authority of the National Government a body known Paul S. Redding 1." T. as the Council Johnson of National Defense, and each State A. F. Strunk was M. L. Fisch urged to create by legislative enactment sim- Dr. F'. R. Weiser J. E. Foss ilar_ bodies to co-operate with the National organ- A. A. Quevli G. F. Warren ization. Acting on the Governor's message the legis- Frank Stedman L. C. Churchill lature passed a law known as The Minnesota Com- Jens Anderson T. A. Perkins mission of Public Safety. Minnesota was the first H. E. Hanson O. G. Peterson state in the Union to adopt this method of dealing J. O. Thompson with the emergency confronting the nation. The State Public Safety Commission was vested Upon the passage and approval of this law, the Governor with alrnost plenary powers, by the legislature, and proceeded to put the commission on a their principal work was the suppression working basis. Under the law the Governor was of disloy- alty, prevention of waste, and the preservation state chairman, and he appointed a county chairman of public order. It was very active in each county in the state. Mr. D. in checking the U. Weld, pres- activities of disloyal organizations, such as I. ident of the Windom Nat'l Bank, was appointed the W. chairman W.. which were bent on promoting strikes so as for Cottonwood County. The selection of to hinder war work. It also issued Mr Weld was a wise one, for he orders that the possessed those English qualities language should be tlie onlv language irf necessary to fill the position acceptably, for which instruction should be given he was loyal to the core, and was not in the public afraid to go schools. after anyone who was not loyal. Director Weld ap- The irnmediate pointed aids in each precinct work of the County Public Safety in the county, the com- Commission plete roster of the was to discourage disloyaltv and to give Cottonwood Commission is as follows those who were disloyal to understand "that the arm of the government was long and powerful. It also D. U. Weld. Director. investigated cases of disloyalty and examined those W. J. Clark. Treasurer. who were accused. They were required to appear Al. T. Anderson, Secretary. before the board to give testimony and if the board deemed it necessary they would FOOD ADMINISTRATION submit it to the state board. County Attorney O. J. Finstad and . Phil. G. Redding also Attorney Borst assisted the board and acted as Dr. L. Sogge examiner at the board sessions. The war board LABOR COMMITTEE and all those who were in any way connected with Gustav Muller the board performed this public service without pay Ralph F. Crim and in many cases were without monev as well as MARKET TOWN CHAIRMEN their time. Sheriff O. G. Peterson lo'vally co-op- erated with the county board in bringing the dis- Bingham Lake, A. L. Holt loyalist to account, and whenever a Delft, C. Beier man was wajited by the board, the sheriff produced him. Jeffers, C. E. Perkins In dealing with cases of disloyaltv which were Mountain Lake. H. P. Goertz, Jr brought before the board they always made it plain Storden. C. H. Ruhberg to the person accused, that there was no intention of Westbrook, John E. Villa oppressing any citizen, but all thev wanted or the TOWNSHIP CHAIRMEN community wanted, was that they should be loyal to the government and be good Americans. The' pur- .^mbov. Geo. W. Potter poses of the nation were made plain Amo, A. O. Stark to them and they were plainly told that, in endeavoring Ann, C. H. Anderson to ob- struct the war work, they were traitors. In Carson, Peter Klaassen cases where the accused person showed plainly Dale, John Gustafson that he was disloyal, and that at heart they were enemy Delton, F. D. Dewey sympathizers, the examination would be severe and Germantown, Wm. Juhnke no pains would be spared to strip him of any cam- Great Bend, A. G. Mereness ouflage of loyalty they might assume. If the board Highwater, Elias Warner was satisfied of their disloyalty thev would inform Lakeside. A. F. Manee their neighbors of their disloyal Midwav. Abr. Teichroew attitude and would thus be subject to public scorn of all Mt. Lake, loyal people in J. H. Wall the county. Rose Hill, Geo. Eichner Selma, Emil .^Itermatt DE.\LING WITH THE BOND SLACKER Springfield, Lloyd St. John The Safety Commission was of especial value in Southbrook, M. E. Smith dealing with the "blue card patriots." Those who Storden. Hans M. Johnson refused to take their allotment in the various bond Westbrook, E. Engbretson drives were reported by means of the blue card MARKET COMMITTEE system upon which their name and address was written, and also their reason for not taking their Windom, M. S. Porter allotment. After the drive was over, the cards were Bingham Lake, W. McGladrey J. turned in to the county chairman of the Ijond com- Mountain Lake, H. P. Goertz Jr mittee, and these "blue card" fellows were called be- Delft, C. Beier fore the executive bond committee who made an ef- Jefifers, C. E. Perkins fort to have them take their allotment and if they Storden, C. H. Ruhberg did not, were turned over to the County Safety Com- Westbrook. John E. Villa mission who instructed the Sheriff to notify them to appear before the County Board, and those who and the board did not hesitate to use it where they did not come were gone after by the sherifif. thought necessary, and in some instances parties The board acquainted themselves with the linancial were given what we call "verbal skinning" and standing of the Ijond slackers and for every reason were branded as Huns. They were informed that the slacker gave for not taking his allotment, the office girls, men that worked on the street, and house board gave him several reasons why he should. maids were buying bonds, War Saving Stamps, and County Attorney Finstad usually conducted the ex- giving to the Red Cross and other charities, and amination, altho individual members of the board they could see no good reason for them not doing would ask the questions. The testimony was taken their share. in shorthand and in some cases was sent to the One meeting of the county board in 1918 was for state board. a hearing on a complaint of hoarding wheat. The In most cases the "blue card" fellows were of the hearing resulted in that several hundred bushels of opinion that their allotment was too high, or that wheat going on the market from one farm. Many they had been given a heavier allotment than their other things were accomplished by the county board. neighbor, or the committee had estimated their The County Safety Commission has now passed financial standing too high according to the property into history, and will be remembered with gratitude that they owned, or that they had to borrow the by all loyal people of Cottonwood County for the money and then loan it to the government at a lower efficient way in which they did their work, a record rate than they had to pay for it. In the examination of which our County may well be proud. of these "blue card" men. the board used tact, ap- Mr. Weld was also County Chairman of the Na- pealing to their patriotism and explaining to them tional Protective Association during the period of how little they would sacrifice financially if they the war. This was a secret association and had men would take this allotment without further argument. in all parts of the county who were always on the In some cases very strong language was necessary lookout for disloyalty, etc.

The United War Work Campaign

O. J. Finstad, County Chairman.

The drive for the United War Work Fund was Martin Pederson Helga Johnson I. I. inaugurated bv seven organizations, namelv : the Peterson Alfred Enstad Y. M. C. A., "Y. W. C. a., the National Catholic C. H. Anderson L. B. Erickson War Council, the Jewish Welfare Board, the War H. Takle Cha.rles Knutson Camp Community Service, the American Library As- Chairman. sociation and the Salvation Army, at the request Carson Township, John Lepp, of the War Department. In a special letter by the SOLICITORS President, dated Sept. 3, 1918. to Mr. Fosdick. chair- Aron B. Friesen Jacob P. Lepp man of the committee on Training Camp Activities, Jacob Warkentine Jacob T. Nickel requested that these seven organizations unite it was Peter J. Fast Henry P. Nickel and make their appeal for funds all at one time. Peter A. Quiring There are two features about this drive as com- pared with many other drives in the country that Dale Township, John F. Gustafson, Chairman. stand out most conspicuously. In the first place the SOLICITORS represented th; amount asked for—$170,500,000.00— Herman Carlson Paul Kjosnes largest sum of money ever asked for in a single Dan Epp Ralph .\squith gift from any nation at any time in all recorded Ernest Grunewald J. S. Harder history. The second feature of prominence is the Geo. Snook Sam Lowe coincidence that the day set for the com- peculiar Olaf Erickson Gerald Campbell drive should have happened t:) mencement of the John Jacobson Henry Will fall on the day of signing of tire armistice by Ger- Earl Hunter Grant Smith many. Link Ki'gore Fred Cornelius The work of organizing the county was seriously Reuben Miller Carl E. Erickson handicapped from the fact that the "flu" was then Almo Kingrey at its climax. The roads also being almost impassa- ble, the drive rather difficult under- which made a Delton Township. J. B. Savage, Chairman. taking, as no public meetings could be held and SOLICITORS house to house soliciting almost beyond the question, August Steinhouser but this did not stop the old veterans of the prai- Andrew Wiegold Tiesenfeld Henry Evers ries for as a result the drive went over the top. Warland Rob. Minion Cottonwood County's allotment was five percent o: Theodore Brandt Ambrose Scbnider the Fourth Liberty Loan Issue. F. Burger Following is list of the committees of the a Great Bend Township, M. D. Obert, Chairman. townships and villages. SOLICITORS Amo Township, Thomas Bondhus, Chairman. M. W. Dyer Henry Snyder SOLICITORS Paulus Hocke Erick Walberg James T. Davis Geo. K. Mead Chas. Miester .Andrew Olson R. R. Pietz Ed. McCauley Thor. Nerness W. E. Bigbee A. O. Stark W. E. Kingrey Arthur Schaffer Arthur Hanefield Fred Earlewine Ann Township, Jacob Nelson, Chairman. SOLICITORS High water Township, I. O. Iverson, Chairman. O. H. Kleven Andrew Nackerud SOLICITORS Lewis Warner C. W. Steen Otto Werner Agnes Recksten C. N. Nichols Julius Johnson Paul Bolstad Max Enemark Lakeside Townsliip, A. P. Turner, Chairman. Will Heerii W. K. Mooers SOLICITORS Frank Pratt H. P. Nielson Ed. J. Gove A. H. Stiegelmeyer Andrew Olson John Malady Henrv Carlson Henry Deiihardt Geo. Sheets Westbrook Township, Hans T. Nelson, Chairman. Chas. VanHorsen Jake Fast SOLICITORS Hans Olson Midway Township, John'D. Schultz, Chairman. J. A. Bevier O. H. Smeby SOLICITORS Joe C. Johnson Peter Berg J. J. Kliewer Joe P. Klaassen William Kueker P. Quiring ^Village of J. Bingham Lake, W. J. McGladrev, Sam Ostercamp Abram Goossen Chairman. H. H. Kroeker P F Wall SOLICITORS P. P. Fitzen H. J. Fast Fred Langley W. W. Smith A. A. Janzen V. E. Rogers Mountain Lake Township, Henry Vosliage Chair- Village of man. Jeffers, C. R. Duroe, Chairman. SOLICITORS SOLICITORS Mrs. Helen Tierney Mrs. J. H. Wall Isaac Krahm Chas. Grabert Mrs. Geo. Pease Peter Buhr Abby Mrs. J. B. Opdycke Hinders Tom Wartman H. F. Miller P. Franz Woolmen Lundquist J. C. E. Perkins John Behrands Bert Crist Village of Mountain Rose Hill Township, Geo. Lake, D. J. Shoeder, Chair- Eichner, Chairman. man. SOLICITORS SOLICITORS Clifford Cole H. G. Pietz A. A. Penner P. S. Harder J. G. Rupp Ale.x Mitchell D. J. Hiebert Janzen Herman Gertner Henrv Liedke J. J. M. S. Hanson G. P. Goossen F'. W. Gertner Fred Eichner H. P. Goertz, Sr, Dr. E. A. Rieke J. H. Dickman G. Sontlilirook Township, Charles Sunderman, Chair- J. Diedrichs man. Village of SOLICITORS Storden, Supluis .\nderson. Chairman. Ray Olson Fred Van SOLICITORS Norman Peter Jensen Anton Mathias Walter Groff R. V. Smestad A. L. Goodhope Andy Roberts Louie Jarmer John Rognstad Herman Henkles Aniboy Township, Ed. Potter, Chairman. Springfield Township, W. W. Hunter, Chairman. Germantown Township, John Radtke, Chairman. SOLICITORS Storden Township, Hans M. Johnson, Chairman. Emil Arndt J. T. Flatebo Selma Township, Emil Altermatt, Chairman. Charles C. Swann A. A. Riedescll Village of Westbrook, John M. Kuehl, Chairman.

Bingham Lake Boy Scouts

The Boy Scouts' Troup No. 1, of Bingham Lake was or- ganized liy L. H. Langley while he was home on a fur- lough from Camp Cody in Jan- uary, 1917. When he had to return to duty, Charles Van Horsen was made Scout Mas- ter. Scout Master Van Horsen entered into the spirit and work of the scouts with won- derful zeal and energy. The troupe numbered about 15 ac- tive scouts. They took hold of all the activities of scout- ing, wood craft, first aid, caniping, etc., with all the spirit and enthusiasm of real red blooded American boys. The boys took an especial in- terest in all civic and national matters. They gave of their scant supply of money and liberally of their time and work to improve and beautify the village. When the United States entered the great :

World Conflict and the President asked the help of the work but on account of his official position and co-operation of all Boy Scouts, the Bingham was barred from receiving a medal. Roy Leder, Lake troup tlirew themselves into the work with all Luzerne Smith, Henry Gerbracht and Chester Smith their might. There was little that the boys could also did excellent work but did not get a medal. do in the first Bond drive, but in the second when In April, 1918, Lieutenant Charles A. Fuller was the President offered a silk flag for the troup that sent down from Ft. Snelling to present the medals sold the largest pro-rata of bonds in each state, the for the President. In the third Bond drive Lyle Mc- "boys worked with such enthusiasm that the Bingham Gladery won a bar to go with the medal he had. Lake Troop stood second in the state of Minnesota, won in the second drive. In April, 1919, when and for awhile it was uncertain whether the flag; Charles Van Horsen resigned as Scout Master, the would go to that troup or to a troup in St. Paul. boys presented him with a fine watch as a token of Minn. Finally it was decided that the St. Paul their esteem for him and that he might always re- Troup had won out and the flag went there, but th" member them. Prof. Swanson of the Bingham Lake individual efforts of the boys had been so good that School was made Scout Master. It would be hard nine of them, Loyd Butler, Everett Smith, Will Ste- to overestimate the value to a group of growing boys phenson, Jack Langley, James Redding, Alvin Nel- of the manly exercise and activities of Scout life. son, Lyle McGladery, Glen McGladery and Leslie McGladery, each won a medal from the Government. The work of the troup will leave a lasting influence Assistant Scout Master Arthur Leder had charge on their lives.

THE WINDOM BAND

Mr. Odin Skillingstad, Director

During the war these boys surely showed their a great deal of credit for their effort put forth dur- loyalty to the cause of liberty. Whenever a group ing this time of unpleasantness. of boys were leaving for the camps they were al- ways ready to get out and render seme inspiring The members of the Band are as follows, read- music for those who were going away to wear the ing from left to right khaki for the cause of freedom. We cannot give Top Row : Ralph Skellie, Arthur Hawkins, Tru- these boys too much credit for their services, for man Quevli, John Solem, D. R. Savage, Alph Ler- most of them had to leave their work and places vaag, Dr. Griffith. of business. But there is nothing that cheers hke Second Row : Philip Wing. Willard Anonsen, good music, and the boys were always ready and Stanley Peterson, Harold Peterson, Dolph Strunk, willing to do their part, whenever there was a public Lyman Marshall.

meeting (and there were a great many of them) on Third Row : Sigurd x\nderson, Nels Anderson, the Court House grounds, opera house. Red Cross Claude Cook, Odin Skillingstad, Fenner Hudson. Sil- Social, or other public meetings, the boys were al- Two sitting down : Alden MuUer and Cecil ways there. The band was not at full strength liman. Roland MuUer and Sherman Porter were all the time for some of the members were in the also members of the Band but are not on the pic- service in France fighting for the cause of freedom. ture. And it must also be stated that some of these Director Skillingstad, and the boys as well, deserve men in the picture served in the Army. ,

' '-^ ^

*- o >, >

„ a. u" o 3 1^ ^ r- -^ j::-S £

c cc;

c/j 5 ° W "2 S

OPi ^ i.o &g

I- 5 f' (U S =^ 3 5 —r "

ti " aj -a Ji o 5. w ^'

H- I- -^ C-

o u i~ ^ J- ^ Q O ? - c O

z. -^ O o ^ "~^ c OJ ^ -^

t. = S- o > n '^ -A -'^ a

'^ a 1- .5 c 1^ OJ OJ t-( " ^+- I- r-^^

!^ QJ O .

H ?;-__ so •/-. > S i ^ oj > r- t: aoj.g.S-^

^ o

'5.

C- S ^ S

1/ O r' r~ Dr. J. H. Dudley, (1)—Was chairman of the j\Ied- Phil C. Redding, (20) —County Food Administrator ical Advisor.v Board of Cottonwood County. from the beginning of the war until his entry into the Y. M. C. A. Dr. L. Sogge was appointed to fdl the vacancy. W. J. Clark, (2)—Was chairman of tlie Third, Fourth and Victory Loan drives, chairman of the first Y. M. C. A. drive, chairman of the Fuel Ed. Tabbert, (21) —Member from Amo Township, Commission, chairman of the Armenian-Syrian of the County Public Safety Commission. Relief drive. John Ringkob, (22) —Was auctioneer of the big Red J. A. Redding, (?,) —Mr. Redding was County Chair- Cross sale in Windom as well as box socials for man of the War Savings campaign, and the War the Red Cross all over the county. Savings Stamp drive which resulted in the sale of ahout $.)On,0(l().00 in the county. Alfred R. Tverson, (23) —County chairman of the Jr. Red Cross until his entry into the Y. M. C. A, D. U. Weld, (4) —Was County Chairman of the Puhlic Safety Commission, and also the National Ralph Crim, (24) —County Agent of the Cottonwood Protective Association. County Farm Bureau. This department was in- strumental in increasing the production of farm Mrs. T. C. Collins, (5) —Was County Chairman of produce during the war. the Women's Auxiliary of the National Council of Defense, and also chairman of the food pledge Dr. John Adamson, (2.i) — Member of the Medical campaign. Advisory Board of Cottonwood County.

Mrs. J. O. Thompson, (6) —Was County Chairman W. J. McGladery, (26)—Member of the County of the Child's Welfare campaign, in which 1,700 Executive Committee in the War Savings Drive, children were registered, weighed and measured. was also appointed by the Government to do spe- cial lecture work in favor of the W. S. S. drive. J. O. Thompson, (7) —Was a member of the Coun- ty Executive Committee of the War Savings cam- Paul S. Redding, (27) —Member of the Legal Ad- paign, and publisher of "Cottonwood County in visory Board for Cottonwood Countv. the World's War."

W. F. Sanger, (8) —Was County Chairman of the Dr. E. .A. Ellsworth, (3S)—Was in the Y, M. C. A. America F'irst Association. work from Dec. 17, 1917, until the winter of 1919. He was sent to New York for training, and was then sent to Russia, sailing from Seattle, Dr. L. Sogge, (9)—Was County Food Administrator Wash., spending about three months there they after P, G. Redding entered the Y. M. C. A. and when were obliged to leave on account of the Russian was on the Medical Advisory Board until he en- Revolution. returned listed in the Medical Reserve. He to the States and was sent to France where he served until the end of the war. Dr. Ellsworth lacked only a few thou- O. Finstad, (10) appointed J. —Was Government sand miles of traveling around the world. Appeal Agent, and attorney for the Draft Board. Was also County Chairman of the Associated Charities drive which raised $41,000.00. Geo. Eichner, (29) —Member of the County Public Safety Commission from Rose Hill Township. A. O. Stark. (11)—Member of the County Public Safety Commission from Amo Township. W. J. Croft, (:iO)—Auctioneer of the Big Red Cross sale in Windom and at many of the Red Cross box Gabriel Olson. (12) —Member of the Storden Town- socials over the County, ship Liberty Loan Committee. Dr. A. E. Rieke, (.?!)-Member of the County Ex- Guy Saberson, (Li) —Was a member of the Liberty ecutive Committee in the War Savings drive, and Bond committee of Great Bend Township, War was secretary of the Red Cross Auxiliary at Mt, Savings Stamp drive. Red Cross, etc. Lake, Minn.

Dr. B. Ravn, (14 )—:\Iembcr of the Medical .Ad- A. W. .\nnes, (32) —Was member of the Legal visory Board until his entry into the service. Advisory Board, and acted as chairman during the absence of the chairman. Miss .Anna Engeswick, (15) —Was County Chair- man of the County Jr. Red Cross after A. R. Carl Ruhberg, (33) —Member of the County Execu- Iverson entered the Y. M. C. A. service. tive Committee of the War Savings Drive.

C. W. Gillam, State Senator, (1(5)—County Chair- E. T. Chesnut, (34)—Supt. of the Windom High man of the Second Red Cross drive which resulted School. Had charge of the military training of in the raising of about $24,000.00. the High School boys during the war, and was local chairman of the second Red Cross drive. Mrs. E. T. Chesnut, (17)—County Chairman of the Patriot Education Div. of the Women's N. C. of Glen Jordan, (35) Clerk to the Draft Board of Defense. — Cottonwood County.

Elias Warner, (IS)—Member of Countv Public Fred Pratt, (36) —Member of the Springfield Lib- Safety Commission from Highwater Township. erty Bond Committee in all three drives. Mr. Pratt had the honor of selling the horse that J. J. Franz, (19) —Member of the County Execu- brought the highest price of any horse sold to tive Committee in the War Savings Stamp Drive. the Government from Cottonwood County. Cottonwood County Women's Auxiliary of the National Council of Defense

The National Council created a central committee ing of chUdren, every chairman reporting. 1,100 of ten women with headquarters at Washington, children were registered, weighed and measured ; a D. C. Dr. Anna Howard Shaw was made chair- number of children were found below weight, but the man. These women appointed chairmen for each reports showed that most of the country children state whose duty it was to organize that state. were above the average weight and height. The chairman for Minnesota was Mrs. Thomas G. Winter, of Minneapolis. She with the presidents AMERICANIZATION—Mrs. Joseph Dudley, of all organizations that have a state-wide organ- Chairman. ization as for example. The State Federation of The chairman had charge of the Community Sing- Women's Clubs, Y. W. C. A., and W. C. T. U. ing on the Court House lawn. On Saturday even- This council appointed a chairman in each county ings a band concert was given in connection with who bore a similar relation to the organization in the singing. A leader was appointed for each oc- that county. casion by the chairman, this resulting in raising In most states the men's war organization bore the the enthusiasm of the people to a higher degree of name of The Council of Defense; but in Minnesota patriotism. it was designated by the state legislature as the "Minnesota Commission of Public Safety." PATRIOTIC EDUCATION, Mrs. E. T. Chestnut. Mrs. T. C. Collins, of Windom, was appointed Chairman. chairman of the woman's committee for Cottonwood This department was for the purpose of educating County. A community council was formed at the the people along the line of patriotism. A survey county seat composed of a representative from each was made of each village in the county and all wom- local organization of women, to assist in carrying out en registered who were employed outside of their the national program for food conservation and homes. allied war works. LIBERTY LOAN—Mrs. Andrew Cowan, Chair- FOOD CONSERVATION— Mrs. T. C. Collins, man. Chairman. The men of the county felt that the women should A chairman was appointed in each village in the not be called upon to assist in the sale of Liberty county, who did good service in this work, distrib- Bonds, as they centered a great deal of their time uting literature, pledge cards, etc. Later the teach- and elTort to the Red Cross and other charitable ers of the public schools made a house to house can- work. vas with the pledge cards. They found the house- WAR LIBRARY WORK wives most willing to co-operate with the food ad- Credit is due the school children of the county for ministration. Miss Amidon, domestic science teach- the large donation to the Camp Library Fund. Sev- er in the Windom Public Schools, aided by giving eral boxes of books were also donated and sent to a demonstration at the County Fair and the High the Camp libraries. School, on food values. YOUNG WOMEN'S AUNILIARY—Miss Ruth CHILD WELFARE— Mrs. J. O. Thompson, Rogers, Chairman. Chairman. This was composed of forty-nine high school This work was well organized. A chairman was girls, divided into six squads. Each had its captain appointed in each township and village in the coun- and met once a week to knit for the soldiers. They ty. A day was given to the registration and weigh- were an earnest and enthusiastic group of workers.

Food Administration

Perhaps the least thanked and the most cursed lit tlie war. Mrs. L. Sogge was appointed clerk. of all the war activities were the conscientious efforts The rules of the Government in regard to food reg- on the part of the County Food Administration in ulations was well obeyed by the great majority of their efforts to regulate the distribution of food and the people of the County. Some trouble was ex- the increased production. Food was the greatest perienced as to hoarding of wheat, but, being ad- factor in winning the war, and the efforts that the vised, they took the wheat to market without fur- Food Administration put forth were a credit not ther trouble. only to those in charge, but to the County as well. Some few in the county tried to get more sugar Mr. Phil G. Redding was the first Food'Adminis- than they were entitled to and were called on to trator and shortly after his appointment he en- contribute to the Red Cross fund to the approxi- tered the Y. M. C. A. and Dr. L. Sogge was ap- mate amount of $300.00. The County was fully pointed as his successor and served until the close organized and every one did his duty faith full v. : ;;: -

EXECUTIVE COALMITTEE OF THE COTTONWOOD COUNTY AMERICAN RED CROSS CHAPTER.

Reading from left to right : T. A. Perkins, Mrs. Geo. Warren. J. E. Foss, Mrs. A. F. Strunk, Secretary Dr. F. R. Weiser, Chairman; Alt. Anderson, Treasurer; Mrs. Andrew Olson, M. L. Fisch and Jens An- derson.

History of Cottonwood County Chapter of American Red Cross and Its War Work

By Mrs. F. L. Parso.

In ready and enthusiastic response to the call branch a mass meeting was held and several speak- sent out through the length and breadth of the land ers addressed the meeting, among them Bishop Mc- the Red Cross Chapter of Cottonwood County was Elwein of Minneapolis. A drive for funds was organized on July 3, 11117. The Board of Directors made at this time, pledges and receipts amounted to were Dr. F. R. Weiser, Mr. M. L. Fisch, Mr. J. E. about $1,000.00. F'oss, Mrs. A. F. Strunk, Mrs. T. C. Collins, Mrs. At the time the other branches were organized, a C. W. Gillani, Mrs. Geo. Warren, Mrs. Lucy Olson, campaign was made for funds. We can not give Mr. Jens Anderson, Mr. A. T. Anderson, Mr. T. A. the actual amounts subscribed but the approximate Perkins, and Mr. A. D. Nelson. From these the fol- amounts are as follows : Bingham Lake about $.^00 lowing efficient officers were elected: Chairman, Storden about $1,100; JefFers about $600; Mountain F. R. Weiser: Vice-Chairman, Mr. J. E. Foss; Treas- Lake about $350. Mountain Lake had previous to urer, Mr. A. T. Anderson; Secretary, Mrs. A. F. this rjiised $2,000 for the Red Cross which was Strunk. given directly to Governor Burnquist. Cottonwood In order to immediately procure money with County was not given credit for this money as it which to finance the new organization it was decided did not go through this Red Cross Chapter. to use July 4th as Tag Day. Both taggers and The Military Relief Committee was appointed with tagged entered into the spirit of the occasion with Mrs. T. A. Perkins as chairman and five captains the satisfactory results of receipts amountmg to Mrs. J. H. Dudley, Mrs. J. E. Johnson, Mrs. F. L. $737.27. Parso. Mrs. Hector Cowan, and Mrs. Emma Scurr. Teams that went through the county to organize These captains wtih their corps of workers were the branches everywhere met with encouraging each allotted one day of the week on which they response from the people backed by generous were to be responsible for the work in the sewing pledges of money and service. The five branches of rooms. After some months of efficient service Mrs. the Countv were organized as follows Perkins resigned and was succeeded by Mrs. S. L. JEFFERS—July 7th. Chairman, Mr. C. R. Dn- Rogers with Mrs. A. D. Perkins as vice-chairman.

roe ; Vice-Chairman. Mrs. Helen M. Tierry ; Treas- The making of garments continued eight or nine urer, Mrs. J. P. Thorne ; Secretary, Mrs. F. J. Ar- hours a day, five days a week during nearly all of mantrout. the two years that the work was carried on. Too BINGHAM LAKE—July 11th. Chairman, Mr. much cannot be said of the women all over the

Charles Van Horsen ; Vice-Chairman, Mrs. Fred county who day after day in heat and cold in rain

; Treasurer, Langlev Mr. D. J. Voth ; Secretary, Mrs. and in blizzard set aside all personal duties to go to G. O. Fisher. the work rooms to make the much needed garments. WESTBROOK—July 16th. Chairman, Mr. J. L. There was a total of 8,828 articles made. Special Sammons, later succeeded by Mrs. A. F. Meyers; mention should be given Mrs. A. D. Perkins who Vice-Chairman, Mr. A. F. Meyers; Treasurer, Mr. sewed 2!I2 days.

G. H. Edstrom ; Secretary, Mr. R. S. Peterson. Mrs. T. C. Collins was inspector of garments for MOUNTAIN LAKE—-August l.'Jth. Chairman, the county. All garments sent were nearly if not

Mr. H. P. Goertz ; Vice-Chairman, Dr. Piper ; Treas- quite beyond criticism.

urer, Mr. J. H. Dickman ; Secretary, Dr. E. A. The chairman of the pressing committee was Mrs. Rieke. A. T. Anderson later succeeded bv Mrs. D. A. STORDEN—September 27th. Chairman, Mr. C. Laliart. H. Ruhberg; Vice-Chairman, Mr. A. H. Anderson; The Junior Red Cross of the county was under Treasurer, Mr. P. G. Hiebert; Secretary, Mr. El- the supervision of the County Superintendent of mer Seleen. Schools, Mr. A. R. Iverson. After he went to At a large puljlic meeting held in Windom in the France the work was carried on by J\Iiss Anna Wonderland Theatre on the evening of July 11th for Engeswick. the purpose of raising funds, $3,600.00 was sub- Not less loyal than the sewers were the knitters, scribed. The principal speaker of the evening was the women, who. though unable to leave their homes, Father O'Connor of Worthington. spent long days knitting the beautiful warm arti- At the time of the organization of the Westbrook cles so much appreciated by the boys. The first chairman of this department was Miss Carohne the needs of the Red Cross, some of the Thompson Auxiliaries ; after a few months she was succeeded did a great deal of work, while others were or- by Miss Agnes Cowan. This division proved to be ganized late and were just getting started when the particularly interesting because of some unique fea- "flu" came and all work was suspended and during

tures ; enlisted among the knitters were some who, this time the Armistice was signed, the war being as young people, had done like service for the boys over. of the Civil War, while others were Init children. On May first, at Windom, was held a very suc- Many men, too, joined the knitters. .\ total of cessful auction, articles of every description were 7,0:i4 articles were knitted and sent. In the accom-- donated, food, furniture, live stock, hardware, plants panying picture appear some faces that are endeared and machinery. Many things were sold over and to rnany people because of their long lives rich in over again, and the net proceeds of the auction was service for others. Reading from left to right a few $7,027.10. Mr. A. F. Strunk was chairman of the remarks about each follows. committee that had the auction in charge. The auc- Mrs. Mickel Grimes of Windom, who is eighty- tioneers were Messrs. John Ringkob, W. J. Croft. four years of age, knit in ten 20.j months pairs of C. J. Erickson of Windom, Olson and Warnes of socks and seven sweaters. Storden, and Daly of Butterfield, Minn. ,\n inter- Mrs. John Larson of Jeffers, who knit 21."i pairs esting feature of this sale was the bidding for of socks in twelve months. named stars to be put on the large County service Mr. Luverne Nelson of Storden, fourteen years flag. Stars were sold at prices ranging from ten old, knit two sweaters. to sixty dollars, the total amounting to something Mrs. S. B. Stedman of Windom, eighty-two years over thirty-two hundred dollars. The address of of age knit 102 pairs of socks. the afternoon was given by Judge Thorsen of Lake- Mrs. Clark Seely of Westbrook, si.xty-seven years field. of age, beside doing a great deal of sewing, knit 80 Jefifers also had a very successful Red Cross auc- pair of socks, three pair of wristers and one helmet. tion the latter part of May, 1918, and the net pro- Miss Hazel Minnie Hoick of Jeffers, who though ceeds of the auction was about $2,500.00. but nine years of age, knit nine five-inch squares, Box socials, ice cream socials and entertainments nine pairs of wristlets, si.xteen pairs of socks and were held in nearly every school in the county for four sweaters. She was not helped with her work. the benefit of the Red Cross. Generous sums of Mrs. Mary Monson of Westbrook, eighty-four money were realized at these socials, many of the years of age, was another of Cottonwood County's boxes were sold at big prices, some bringing as champion knitters who spent most of her time knit- much as $25.00 each. ting for the Red Cross. She knit 64 pairs of A gift was made to the Red Cross by Mr. Andrew socks, .) sweaters and several pairs of wristlets. Quevli of an old and valuable coin collection, one Each soldier who went from the county was given which Mr. Quevli had spent years in gathering. a comfort kit well filled with useful and necessarv The sale of the coins was in charge of a committee articles. Mrs. H. Dudley was chairman J. of the of three of which Mrs. D. A. Lahart was chairman, comfort kit committee. Besides the kits for our assisted by Mrs. .\. B. Cone and Mrs. Dr. Dudley. own boys the Red Cross furnished 150 army and The money realized was $1,534.40. navy kits. The Great Bend Ladies' Aid donated to the Many participated in the joy of helping to supply Red Cross an autograph quilt pieced by Mrs. Ed. the contents of the 150 boxes filled with most de- Con- verse. licious Christmas cheer, wliich were sent to the In the fall the Home Service boys in camps that first Christmas. Department under the Chairmanship of Mrs. M. S. Porter, collected The Christmas membership drive has lieen suc- large quantities of garments and sent them by ex- cessfully managed each year by a committee headed press to the fire sufferers in the northern part of by Mr. R. D. Collins. The largest membership the state. record was 3,70:! for the year 1917. For the linen shower 1,580 excellent articles were In the 1917 membership drive a flag was offered given. the rural school district that secured the largest The Home Service Department of which ^frs. An- number of members for the Red Cross. To dis- drew Cowan was secretary, rendered valualile as- trict number 42 was the honor of winning the flag. sistance to those needing aid or information. District 42 with Miss Menora Steen as teacher, en- Free use of rooms with heat and light in school- rolled 80 new members for the Red Cross. Dis- houses, the court house, the Odd Fellows Hall, the trict No. 68 with Miss Geneva Reeves as teacner balcony in Mr. S. L. Roger's store and in many won second place with 61 members, and District No. homes was generously given for the making and 64 with Miss Harriet Thompson as teacher, was packing of garments. third with 54 new members. The many calls that came were met by men in In the spring of 1918 a committee on Belgium re- every walk in life but to the business men partic- lief, with Mrs. Geo. Warren as chairman, gathered, ularly much credit is due for the cheerful and help- packed and sent 1,428 articles of good clothing. ful manner in which they co-operated not only in Later in the fall of 1918, another large amount of the larger matters but also in the smaller details clothing was gathered and sent. of the work. Articles for the comfort kits and During the summer of 1918 ten .Auxiliaries were often materials used in the Red Cross rooms were •organized with the chairman as follows: furnished by the merchants at first cost. Lakeside, Mrs. John Grant. Because of the arduous, detailed and continuous Amo, Mrs. C. N. Nelson. duties of her office it is fitting that especial men-

West Great Bend, Mrs. J. D. Vanderkar. tion be made of the secretary, INIrs. A. F. Strunk, String Lakes, Mrs. A. W. Davis. who withheld nothing that would add to the effi- Highwater, Mrs. Henry Reksten. ciency of the work giving freely of both time and Dale, Mrs. John Gusta'fson. labor. Springiield, Mrs. John Harper. The Red Cross rooms are closed and the knitters Progressive, Mrs. C. N. Gilbertson. and sewers and late officers have returned to their Delton, Mrs. Burger. former duties, but into their lives have come a Ann, Mrs. C. W. Steen. better understanding of each other, a deeper sympa- thy for those in distress, and a broader vision and The Auxiliaries are deserving of a great deal of keener insight into the great needs and suffering of -credit for the splendid way that they responded to this old troubled world of ours. STORDEX RED CROSS BRANCH.

From left to right, top row: Mrs. Lyniaii Larson. Mrs. Tom Fredrickson, Mrs. Clifford Cole, ]\Irs. Charlie Johnson, Mrs. Ella Engleson, Mrs. Aug. Fredrickson, Mrs. Vigo Miller, Mrs. Celia Hanson. Miss Agnes Thompson. Mrs. P. G. Hiebert, Miss Anna Hamson. Mrs. .\nna Kaihoi, Mrs. Gustafson.

Second Row : Mrs. Pete Jensen, Mrs. John Olson, Mrs. K. Paulson, Mrs. C. H. Ruhberg, Chairman, Mrs. O. C. Lande, Mrs. Tom Olson, Mrs. Martha Honderland, Mrs. Herman Mortenson. Third Row: Mrs. Geo. Klasse, Mrs. Walter Larson, Mrs. Sam Peterson, Mrs. Carl Peterson, ^Nliss Vera Larson, )vliss Oleva Olson, Mrs. Elmer Scleen and Mrs. Guv L. Davis.

BLXGHAM LAKE RED CROSS BRANCH.

Top row from left to right: Mrs. W. C. Smith, Mrs. Henry Carlson, Mrs. Charles E. Spear, Miss Vivian Lehman, Mrs. Harold McCormick. Second Row: Mrs. Victor Rogers, Mrs. Earl Bigbee, Miss Trilbv Meyers, Mrs, F'ischer, Mrs. Alf. Wicklund, Mrs. Roy Sylvester. Bottom Row: Mrs. A. L. Myers, Mrs. Koeneguer, Mrs. A. L. Holt, Mrs. John Henderson, Mrs. Guy Dry- den, Mrs. S. P. Stephenson. AAIO AUXILIARY.

Top row: Mrs. James Davis, Mrs. W. Kineerv, Mrs. Lewis Fla'^lier Second Row: Airs. Wm. Kuehl, Mrs. John Anderson. Mrs. W. A. Alorrow, Airs. Riid. Pietz. Aliss Hattie Bondhus, Mrs. Andrew Tjentland, Mrs. 'Herb. McCulIough Third Row: Mrs. John L. D. Olson, Mrs. LarsM. Peterson, Miss Jenette Olson. Mrs. Andrew Tho mp- son, Mrs Dave Tibbedeaux, Mrs. Sam Olson, Mrs. A. O. Stark Bottom Row: Mrs. H. Pietz, R. Mrs. Ole Bondhus, Mrs. Svkora Mrs Torris B3ondhu5, Mrs. McRev- nolds. Mrs. Oscar Thompson and Mrs. Ed. McCuUonoh

DALE RED CROSS AUXILIARY. Top row from left to right: Mrs. Paul Kjoznes, Mrs. Guv Drvden, Mrs. Emil Paulson, Mrs K E. Wnig, Mrs. Snyder, Mrs. Morris Thompson. Miss Bertha Erickson. Second Row: Mrs. J. R. Jacobson, Mrs. John Eidem, Miss Emma Erickson, Miss Mae Matheison Mrs. Shatter, Miss Cathrine Newton. Bottom Row: Mrs. Geo. Matheison, Mrs. Geo. Smith, Miss Wina;, Mrs. John Gustafson. chairman Mrs J. -\. Raines and Miss Marg. Matheison. JEFFERS RED CROSS WORKERS.

;\Irs. C. R. Duroe, cliairman, Mrs. Helen AT. Tierry, vice-chairman. Airs. J. P. Thorne, treasnrer, Mrs. F. J. Armantrout, secretary.

L.'\KESIDE RED CROSS AUXILIARY.

Top row, left to right: Mrs. John McCulIongh, Mrs. E. R. Lawhead, Airs. Geo. Grant, Mrs. Fred Bur- ban]<. Miss Geneva Reeves. Second row: Miss Helen Finnegan, Mrs. Roy Billings, Airs. W. B. Rae, Miss Margaret Finnegan. Bottom Row; Mrs. John Jacobson, Mrs. John Grant, Mrs. C. S. Reeves and Mrs. A. F. Manee. r^

1-' £ o

i W W o

5001-^ o

3; ^ ^ <5 i .w = O 1X1O u

W; ^ 2q til

- SW 5 W .o

:j oj 'yj bjO 1-

PL, < ^7f

1- • — ^ o 2 iOS ui :: 1-

t/)t 1 o"^"^

w'

o j;

t- '^ I- 5' o S ? ^fii > > ^- c

. ° Sliry S — ttJ sec! c;^2 ^_-;i3^ .5--,^ .t: o£n'5

s< O WESTBROOK RED CROSS BRANCH.

From left to right, top row: Miss Carrie Monsoii. Mrs. Tom White. Mrs. A. F. Mevcrs Mrs Adolph i^eterson. Miss Plioebe Nelson, Mrs. Chas. Passmore. Mrs. Bert Milligan, Mrs. Henrv F'ooth Mrs A O Iverson, Mrs. Frank Miller. Bottom Row: Mrs. O. H. Smeby, Mrs. Ed. Fiel. Mrs. David Mariele, Mrs. T. G. Christy . Mrs-. G W Wright. . .

OFFICERS OF THE HIGHWATER RED CROSS AUXILIARY. Mr. Iver O. Iverson, Miss Hannah Swenson, Mrs. Henry Reksten, Miss Olivia Hendrickson.

CHAMPION KNITTERS.

1. Reading from left to right: Mrs. Michal Grimes, Mrs. John Larson, Mr. Luverne Nelson, Mrs. B. Stedman, S. Mrs. Clark Seely, Miss Hazel Minnie Hoi ck, and Mrs. Marv Monson. The Second Red Cross War Fund Drive

C. W. Gillam, Campaign JNIanager.

Again Cottonwood County showed its loyalty in Dale Township, John F. Gustafson, Chairman. its response to the call made upon it for the sup- SOLICITORS. port of the Second Red Cross War Fund Drive, Herman Carlson Reuben Miller for by over subscribing $1,775.00. The call was Ralph Asquith Almo Kingrey the county to furnish $21,000,00 and the quick res- Dan Epp Paul Kjosnes ponse to the call showed that the people of this Ernest Grunewald J. S. Harder accord with the county, at least, were heartily in Geo. Snook Sam Lowe contributed work of the Red Cross. Windoni had Olaf Erickson Gerald Campbell was liberally to the work just before the Drive Henry Will John Jacobson practically same of time called, so that in the space Earl Hunter Grant Smith the people of this town had given $10,000.00 to the Link Kilgore Fred Cornelius work. Carl E. Erickson The ditiferent townships and villages of the coun- ty made a splendid showing in raising even more Delton Township, Jacob Liesenfeld, Chairman. than the amount assigned to them in this Second SOLICITORS. Red Cross War Fund Drive, and the managers and Wm. Smieger N. P. Minion assistants showed a hearty co-operation and interest C. F. Peterson J. H. Murfew in the work. For as has often been said, the indi- Jay Hakes O. T. Wright vidual interest and effort is what counts, especially in a cause of this nature. Germantown Township, John Radtke, Chairman. Compliments are given to the people of German- town township who went over the top with a second Great Bend Township, Merton D. Obert, Chair- canvass, after being canvassed the week before man. thoroughly for the Red Cross at Sanborn. It SOLICITORS. showed a willingness to do their best and they M. W. Dyer K. C. Snyder did it well. Ann township, also, over subscribed to H. A. Stoughton Erick Walberg the extent of $.'il9.80, the largest over subscription Chas. Miester Homer Stine of any township or village in the county. Thor. Nerness W. E. Bigbee It will be remembered that the First Red Cross Rob. Lowe Arthur Hanefield War Fund subscription was altogether a free will Jas. Scurr offering and that there was no allotment made. The county is in no wise ashamed of its first sub- Soutlilirook Township, Henry Groff, Chairman. scription for it surely contributed liberally. SOLICITORS. The following committees were the ones who Knud Hanson Ed. Wertsbaugh made the drive a success. We were unable to get Mrs. Geo. Lutz Theo. Lamaack names of some of the committees, as there was the Nick Henkel Mrs. Fred Van Norman no record made of who they were and the chair- Mrs. Jacob Pelzel Mrs. Chas. Sunderman men were unable to name them all and did not feel as though they should give the names of part Springfield Township, Loyd St. John, Chairman. of the committee and not the rest, we regret that cannot them, but whoever they may be, we mention Selma Township, Charles W. Stark, Chairman. they are entitled to the credit that is theirs. Chas. Nelson Emil Samuelson Walter Hudson Amboy Township, Albert Immer, Chairman. C. G. Gabrielson Emil Altermat SOLICITORS. Lambert Valentine Rav Sw^anson L. P. Richardson Ed. Johnson Ralph Townsend Oscar Elg Theo. Zettler Alfred Swanson J. H. Murphv Ferdinand Berger S. S. Carter Geo. Potter Fred Thramm Tohn Hoick Westbrook Township, F. W. Ludwigson, Chair- W. S. Swain man. SOLICITORS. Amo Township, .\. O. Stark, Chairman. Feterson J. A. Christianson P. H. SOLICITORS. A. S. Knutson Nick Anderson Miss Agnes Johnson Mr. Thos. Solomonson Berndt Johnson Pete Skjing Mrs. J. T. Davis Mrs. Wm. Kingerv J. Adams H. J. Hanson Mrs. R. R. Pietz Mrs. H. R. McCuUbugh H. L. Nelson Oscar Peterson Mr. A. J. Tjentland Mr. George Mead E. T. Engebretson Ole P. Isaacson Mr. Eddie McCaulev, Jr. Mr. W. A. Morrow Village, A. F. Meyers, Chairman. Mr. T. Bondhus Mr. Wm. Kuehl Westbrook SOLICITORS. Ann Township, Alfred Enstad, Chairman. F. M. Jililler W. J. Free SOLICITORS. R. S. Peterson Bert Milligan

J. T. Bakken Arthur Uvass Carl Knudson John Kuehl O. T. Nortsiden B, N. Johnson G. H. Edstrom A. B. Ness P. C. Olson Alfred Mathison JNIt. Lake Village, A. A. Penner, Chairman. SOLICITORS. Carson Township, Jolm P. Lepp, Chairman. M. S. Hanson Dr. E. A. Rieke SOLICITORS. P. J. Harder W. C. Warner P. C. Klaasscn Henry P. Nickel Dr. W. A. Piper F. F. Schroder Cornelius Beier Henry Hokenson Theo. Wedel D. H. Fast : — —

Chairman. Midway Township, Jacob P. Epp, Chairman. Windom, Minn.. E. T. Chesnut, SOLICITORS. SOLICITORS. H. Stroud W. J. Clark Henry G. Neiifield G. J. Kliever J. Nels Anderson Aaron A. Wall Peter H. Franz Max Langley T. DeWolf Ole Groutte Jacob P. Derksen Abram Goosen M. Carl Nelson Oscar BHxseth M:lce Curley John Loof M. Hulzebos Will Eoss

Junior Red Cross for Cottonwood County

By A. R. Iverson, Chairman.

Service a success. Especially President Woodrow Wilson, by his proclamation this branch of War credit due Miss Engeswick who took entire of Sept. 15, Ifll", established The Junior Red Cross. is this work after Supt. A. R. Iverson left In response to the proclamation issued by Pres. charge of service wdth the American Y. M. C. A. Wilson, the officers of the Windom Chapter of the for actual war American Red Cross met at the County Superin- in Italy. tendent's office in the Court House for the pur- The following is a complete report of the work pose of electing officers for the Junior Red Cross of the Junior Red Cross for Cottonwood County: following offi- branch for Cottonwood CQ\mty. The Total number of Junior members in chapter, 1,170. were elected cers Total number of school auxiliaries in chapter, 72. Iverson, Chairman. Alfred R. Total amount of money received in School Fund, Anna B. Engeswick, Secretary. $1,1.55,98. Max Langley, Treasurer.

Number of articles produced : These officers thru an effective campaign, intro- Refugee Garments duced the Junior Red Cross work into every school Hospital Supplies Towels ;-;6 Chemises in the county. The membership drive was a success, 97 Hand Towels 33 Petticoats most of the'schools having an enrollment of 100 per 23 Bath Cloths 8 pr. Wristlets cent. The total membership was 1,170 pupils in 19 Wash 2 Afghans 72 schools of the county. The membership drive 26 Dish Cloths Pillows Knitted Garments being completed, a call came for garments. Nearly 21 Fracture 70 Handkerchiefs 28 Sweaters all schools responded to this call, thousands of little 1 Scarf hands busily engaged in making useful garments 11 Tray Cloths 100 Hospital Story Books for the soldiers. Much credit is due the officers of 48 Bedside Bags Total, 429 articles. the Junior Red Cross who w-orked hard to make 14 Gun Wipes

The Cottonwood County Press

Bonds, War Saving The history of Cottonwood County's part in the of the Red Cross, Liberty requests of the great World's War, would not be complete without Stamps, etc., it has published all information for the mention of the press of Cottonwood County and the government, a vast amount of government, and most of part that they took in the war. The public press public sent out by the compensation. The county press con- of this country has always been a potent factor in this without and preached strong shaping, directing and moulding public opinion. It stantly fostered, encouraged, personal sacrifice it struck has ever led the mind of the great body of Amer- devotion to country. At debt of gratitude ican people to espouse the cause of good govern- hard blows at disloyalty. The County owe to its ment, right principles and justice not only for which the people of Cottonwood County Citizen. themselves but for the whole world. press, especially the Cottonwood Westbrook Sentinel, Jeffers Our government and all of us owe to the press The Windom Reporter, will not be for- of the county a great and lasting debt of gratitude, Review, and the Mt. Lake View to come its wholesome for the efficient way that they supported the gov- gotten and in the years war will have the most ernment in setting forth its aims and purposes, it preachings during the are soon to follow published letters from the boys in the service, it has beneficial effect on those who guide the ship of sought information for the boys away, and published and soon to take the helm to column after column of advertising in every drive state through the coming years. : :

^.t»' 1^: in ji: a:

CO. C, 5th BATTALION, MINNESOTA HOME CUAI^DS Ralph Skelhe, 1, Hibbard Levering, 2, Richard Collins, ", 3; Benj. A. Cone, 4; Sclmer I L L. Sogge, H. Tillish Dr 6; Hale \eapple, 7; Geo. Taden. 8; Albert Hanson,' 9; Haro d plnc" on 1() Dr C A ''''- ^'='"'"' '' S^I-''-n l"; Roman Sfl"'setn, Ifa, A.A^E'sh.i^r^7^V'\Jr^'°[''°"'E. bhaffer, ?^''f «- G.Bc^ 1,; Enck J. Enckson, 18; Arthur W Kerns IQ '^°' °" the picture are as follows: Thomas C. Anderson,' Av u If John A '^'^1™^°."..Adamson Stanley Brady,Rr-idv Walter P. Cowan, Ellsworth t^--: ' V.-'., r^' Dunkleberger, Oscar Ericks--vson, Daniel Featherstone, Jeremiah J. Harrington, --:"*" /^--'-"':' ^'^"""^ J 'Miii^uir, .Mbm i"" Jacobson, George Jeffer 3" Lr'a.i;,^riben Miller, Oscar A. Olson, -^ - srs.'sr£r-^'^i:;K;°^SsfChester R. Pe' fe^ssdsllS: Walter Schmotzer, Eward Sime, Theodore P. Thompson, Peteter Void, Ernest Wellhausen, Tony Webber.' Minnesota Home Guards

In the spring of 1917 when war was declared The Windom company with was mustered in as Co. C, Germany, the State National Guards were lith Battalion, Minnesota Home Guards. The fol- either called into Federal Service or disbanded so lowing were the officers they might enlist or be subject to the call of the draft boards. This left the state without any state Commissioned Officers. military organization whatever. This deficiency was Captain, Benj. A. Cone. taken care of by the State Public Safety Commis- 1st Lieut.. Richard Collins. sion when they issued an order April 20, 1917, for 2nd Lieut., Harry D. Orr. the organization of the Home Guards throughout the state. B. A. Cone immediately took steps to Non-commissioned Officers. organize a company of Home Guards at Windom, 1st Sgt.. Ralph Skellie. Minn. A paper was circulated and about si.xty 2nd Sgt., Owen L. Action. signed indicating their desire of joining the Home 3rd Sgt., Gleed Redding. Guards. A meeting was J. held in the Farmers' room Corporal, Harold Peterson. of the Court House for the purpose of completing Corporal, Hibbard Levering. the organization and " electing officers, who were Corporal, .\lbert Hanson. mustered in on September 10, 1918, by E. V. Nj'cjuist, Corporal, Lewis R. Jenks. 1st Lieut., .5th Inf. M. N. G. at Windom, Minn.' Cook, Philip Brady.

The Legal Advisory Board

One of the important war organizations was the Advisory Board gave their time absolutely free of Legal Advisory Board, and was created by the charge to the prospective soldiers. Boys who were Federal Government shortly after Congress enacted about- to leave for camps and who might never re- the draft law, and they were in fact a part of the turn were given every possible assistance draft machinery. The Cottonwood in putting County Legal their business affairs in shape, .\dvisory in order that they Board was organized in the summer of might leave feeling that their interests would be in 1917. The State Adjutant General appointed the good shape. following as Cottonwood County Advisory Board The members of the .\dvisory Board were all Attorney Wilson Borst, Chairman. leading attorneys and sent word over the County Attorney Paul S. Redding. that they would furnish free legal advice on all A. W. Annes, Judge of Probate. matters pertaining to their going into the service. N. L. Glover, Attorney. They also advised the boys regarding government Attorney, John Sammons. insurance, allotments for dependents, etc. On one County Attorney O. J. Finstad was appointed ^ point the members of the board were very emphatic, Government Appeal Agent. and that was that they would not in any' way assist The principal duties of the members of the any man to evade his responsibility to the Govern- board was to assist the boys who were drafted in ment, or to shirk his duty, altho they were often filling their questionairres, and in advising them in importuned to do so. reference to their business affairs in connection with The Legal Advisory Board received its discharge their entry into the service. Any draftee was at from the Government and each member was given liberty to consult with any member of the Ad- a "service button" which he is entitled to wear as a visory Board at any time. The members of the badge of honor. Stories From the Battle Front

Short chapters from the experiences of some of the boys from Cottonwood County, who saw service in France and Flanders—some of the boys who helped to break the Hindenburg Line and crush the Huns. THE LOST BATTALION. Eng., and you can be sure that there was a very happy bunch of fellows there that day. To get on Martin O. Lokken tells of some of tlie experi- dry land once more was almost too good to be true. ences of the Yanks "Over There." We soon found out that they knew how to handle rush orders in England as well as in the XJ. S. Not Enlisted in Co. F. 2nd Minn. Inf. at Worthington more than three hours had passed when we found on July 1.5, 1!I17. We were stationed in Worthing- ourselves on the way to Southampton, Eng., where ton some two months when we were sent to Camp we stopped long enovigh to get our breath and eat Codv, N. Mex., and put in the :Wth Div. The dinner. The trip to Le Harve was one that one 2nd Minn, then being the 136th Inf. and the 1st can not very well explain as it was all done in such Minn, being the 14.5th Inf. In Camp Cody we were a hurry that we do not remember it all. I know put through some very extensive training. What that I had to make myself as comfortable as possi- they called a Sixteen Weeks Course. I would say ble on a steam engine that were not using tnen. that it was very extensive as I think that any one When I woke up or rather was shaken into con- that was there from the first will say. Still I do sciousness again, I was so stiff that I could hardly not think that any one will say that it done him make my feet obey. We were all beginning to think number of any thing but good. There were any that war was . How little we knew of what things a fellow would not like but there is that there was to come later. any where. The goal we were all looking for was At Le Harve we were put in an English camp to that when we completed the sixteen weeks we were await further orders. We had been here three days to go to France. We soon learned not to put any when we were sent to a classification camp farther x\rmy as soon as stock in what they told us in the inland. ' As yet we were all new to the ways of we had our first term complete we were given an- things in France. All of us being obliged to ask if other. The reason for this was that we were con- there was any thing that we wished to know. One tinually getting new recruits that had to be trained soon learns to do that in the Army, anyway. As is as well as we had been, I do not think that very only to be expected we were all looking for some that many army camps put them through the way one' that we might know. Well I soon gave that up course they were' put through in Camp Cody. Of as I never did meet any one that was from home or say this is the boast of every Camp so I can not some other place that I might happen to be ac- time as to the truth of the statement. But the quainted in. I consider any one quite lucky if he of seemed to be of little need as they made soldiers does meet anyone that is from his home town. hardly fresh men in so short a time that one would To stay in one place in France is very seldom to to believe it. It took our Officials only ten months be expected as one is always being moved about. sent over- decide our fate. At last we were to be We were soon all separated and sent to different ex- seas. But it was in a way that none of us had Divisions in France. One hundred and eighty-two pected. In the Army they have that reputation. of us being counted out and sent to the 77th Div. What one least expects is always the thing that hap- then in the lines at Bacarat, Lorraine Sector near pened. They were to bust our Division up and send Strasburgh. This was where we were to learn the only the men to France and keep the non-com- first things about fighting. I think that the first missioned as well as the commissioned officers to thing we "were to do was to get as many cooties as train the new men. I do not think that any one possible. This is a necessity I think as one would liked the idea at all. But those were the orders and not be considered very much of a veteran were he we had to do as they said. But we were going to not able to boast of more cooties than the next fel- at show them that we had not been in the old 34th low. I did not come last on the list you can be sure. nothing. I think soon Camp Cody for teii months all for I had as many as the next fellow. We were real that we did. At least from all reports that came more lice than men. None of use saw any we did well. fighting here as this was what they called a quiet sec- scares for anyone that was The trip to N. Y. was one that we all liked as tor. But it was full of did not escape any I the country was all new to us. It took us six days not on to all the tricks. We best little alarms that happened to get to Camp Merritt, N. J., where we staid for think. One of the I thmk four short days. They were days of one inspection was one evening that we were on guard. and as was after the other. And the letters that were written! that it was the first time for us new men so to speak. Everyone had to write the last time in the old only natural, we were a little nervous are more still than one U. S. A. I think that the mail service got a good The nights in the trenches part of the try-out at that time. The day at last arrived for finds them any where else. The first about midnight, when us to leave and we were naturally more or less anx- night went along well unti\ than ever. Some one ious, too. The 27th day of June we were put on we were all on the alert more all heard it. That it was board ship. Our trip over the ocean was very much heard a noise. Soon we certain. We all like the rest that took the same trip. It took the some one coming towards us was listened the more sure ships just eighteen days to cross the Atlantic. We heard it. The longer that we Germans on a patrol. That were in Halifax for four days waiting for some of we were that it was some But what were they our convoy. The trip was not the kind the newly- in itself is only to be expected. noise kept commg nearer and weds take.' We were on an English cattle boat that after? However the of All of front us ! had been overhauled for the purpose but I am quite nearer. Soon it was right in ready for them sure that they had done the job in an awful hurry us got what we thought necessary, I think that soon all of us would have I am sure. and waited. had not one of the fellows On the 15th day of July we arrived in Liverpool, thrown our bombs stepped on a twig that happened under his foot. When everyone is still and a thing is as intense as it oi rne lines but was there, I never saw any so-called a noise like that can he heard for a mile rest you I he division was would think. Well the noise brought a clima.x sent to the Argonne rtey could as soon as that none of us had get us there. It ever expected. A large black we did not take long before cat sprang up the tree were w-aiting for the that was right in front of us. opening dav. I thtnk hat we waited or -1 do not know some three who was the most frightened, the or four da.vs and that ga^ cat or us. us a little rest. Every None of us could hardlv speak for a man knows what the while. Soon all we laughed over it and thouoht ""^ °^ '^^ had not read that It rdr°of°'the"much of the war.^"""""Tr was a good joke. It was. Things like that That morning was do one that happened all the not believe any one time. Every morning the boys in the a'! E. F. will ever would come in forget. Could a man telling tales that were more or less in the U. S. have seen and true. heard the artillery Some fellows make their stories such barrage that morning I that he thnk that they are hard to believe, would have had another but a fellow soon learns idea of war It was how to take them all. things Some happen that one '''"' '' ^^^^ '' -""o "be can not "e'scnbed"desciibed. ThattIT'"is ''J believe even if he is there himself. to do it ustice. The Ar-onne was something About the time that like one used to read of we were all getting to like dian in t fe n- Wars But I sometimes the place that we were at, as well wished that it as we could, we been only had were given like it. A large open orders to move. But that in itself is wood all the time only 1 he thing seemed to me to be too good to be true. Anv thing that was differ- getting worse every ent would suit us we thou.ght. Well it did for a d d and then have humans time. One is never satisfied at one place for any m it. Our Battalion spent ^~' days length m there and I know that of time. .\s for myself I always did like there never were to worse ones for any of us. move about in spite of the poor means of travel Nor do I ever hope to have such things necessary that were given us. The rumors that floated around again. The thing just got vvorse and worse every now were not few. I think that day until we all thought we were to go to that any place in the thing would have to come the world except the U. .A,. to an end soon S. The as strongest there was no chance for us to of all was that we were to go to Italy. stand it much more it all came to a climax when Everyone liked the idea to some extent. You see we got into a very care- frilly planned pocket that the that would add another country to our travels, and Germans had for us ' say the trip 10 that we got into it there would be a nice one, we thought. Still would be saving it real nice. We got into the I do not believe that any one took verv much stock pocket and none of us knew a thing of It until the in any of the rumors as we had learned that long next day when the Germans were all around ago. When we boarded the train we did not knovv us. Well then it was too late to avoid it, so we had to make the what the destination would be. Not until we got off best of it and "et out of there as soon at La Ferte Gocher when we asked the people what as we could. That sounds^as tliough It should not be the nearest large town was. It was Chateau-Thierrv. so hard. Perhaps it wasn't but we failed to see Well that did not sound so very good. To the lines it that wav. Wherever we tried to find some way to again and so soon? We had hardly expected that. get communication to the rear we found the Germans there No loafing now. We had to be ready to move at to stop us, which they seemed to do well. Soon a minute's notice, and that way w^e did not get to there were so many wounded that for us to get out think so much of what might happen at our final des- was out of the ques- tion. So we just had to stay tination. I think that we had lieen in La Ferte there and take all the Germans gave us. They Gocher two days when the trucks came that were did well. I think that there were some live hundred to take us to the lines. The trip that we got was the fiftv that went in there with us and there were one dustiest that I had ever had. Even the men that hundred fifty that got out with their skins had ridden next to }ou was not not to be recog- whole as it is some'times p°ut. The day that the Americans nized. We soon got rid of the dust though. It got through to us f think that they looked better did not take long after our arrival to find out that to us than Americans ever did to any we were near the lines. The big one were heard one. To get our wounded treated and something very plainly from where we were. Our mood was to eat was the thing that all of us looked for. And not the best, then. It was not long until we were we got all we wanted to eat too. The kitchens were in reserve and suffering from the GI cans that Jerry at our disposal for two days.' There were a lot of the that gave us so many of all the time. I had thought men over done the thing. I numbering among that war was liad when I first came into the lines them. We ate more than was good for us. And as a result at Lorraine. But the longer we were in it the worse we had to go to the hospital. it got. Our hitch in the reserve lines that time was I contracted the flu about the same time and was eight days when we were sent to the firing line. forced to spend some six weeks at the hospital. Every thing was only some 200% worse in this sec- tor than I they had been in the one previous. The When was well enough to get back to my outfit first thing that was to happen to our Company was they were in the Chaumont Area waiting for orders a raid to one morning about four o'clock. The result go home which took them some five months to of decide. which was worse than we had imagined ourselves. During that time we had it comparatively I think that there were four or five that came out easy as there was nothing more to do. We spent with their the skins whole as we used to put it. Fifty time drilling and there was not much of that. in were it at first. I do not know the exact num- To drill now was not to be expected to any g'reat ber killed and extent they wounded that morning. Every one and did not ask us to do very much of it. has no doubt read of the battles that took place The 77th Div. sailed from F'rance the 20th ot around Fimes and the Vesle River so I will not tell April, :!)13, and landed in N. Y. the 28th of April. them over again. You can be sure that it was real Tlie trip over the sea this time was a real good one fighting as we had the Prussian Guards against us as there was plenty of room and good food all the here. And I will say that had the German Empire time. So the trip over to France was quite differ- had all soldiers like them we would have had a ent to the one going back. The large German liner much longer war. We were forced to- serve two "America" took us back. In N. Y. we were all hitches in the front here before we were relieved given a reception that none had ever expected. It certainly by the Italians. When they came we were only too was a good one. glad to give them a chance at them. The promised I was discharged at Camp Dodge, la., Mav 10 fifteen-day rest looked so good to all of us. We liilli. OUT AGAIN! the side of the FOUGHT IN THE ST. MIHIEL AND trench. We made patrols at regular mtervals, MEUSE ARGONNE. durmg the days and nights following, occa- sionally coming upon a patrol or outpost of the en- Severson writes of his experiences emy, but the Clarence E. cries of "Kanierad" did not seem to in France with the A. E. F. bring much mercy from the Americans. During our advance on this sector our division I entered the service April 29, 1018, being sent to captured nu- merous prisoners, machine Camp Dodge, Iowa. Remained there about three guns, and cannon. Our casualty list was not large weeks and was then tranferred to Camp Travis, in proportion to the en- emy, totaling only several Texas, one mile from the city of San Antonio. I hundred, including killed, wounded and missing. -was assigned to Company K, aHOth Infantry, 00th On the ITth of Division, composed of Texas and men, September we advanced our line close up to Preny and with few exceptions. On June 6th we left for New Pagny-sur-Moselle, on the Puvenelle Sector. York, arriving there the night of the 11th. A few On September 28th we took part in the general cases of measles had broken out during our trip, demonstration made along the whole battle front necessitating the quarantine of 00 men of om" Com- from the Moselle River to the Enolish channel. took pany in the Detention Camp at Camp Mills, Long We part, indirectlv, in several minor engagements Island, w-here we remained until July 6th, when we during our stav here. We made our- selves quite embarked on the U. S. S. Louisville for parts un- comfortable in the trenches, as at night we would known. go into the towns in No Man's Land and bring back plenty of warm blankets We arrived at Liverpool, Englatid, July 17th, lieing and beddino- which the enemy had left behind in sent directly to Southampton and embarked the their wild fliohT I^ntz, however, was not night of the 19th for France, across the English content to let us rest un- mo ested, as at regular intervals, channel. We landed at Cherbourg and my first during the day and night, he would send over impression of France was far from a pleasant one. a volley of high explo- sive or a gas barrage, which On July 30th we joined ovir Company, which was alwavs claimed a few victims. billeted in a small inland village called Chameroy, in On Octoljer the Haute-Marne Department. France is far behind 10th we left our position, turnino- oyer it our country in the development of the use in mod- to another division, and hiked back for some distance ern machinery and customs, and everything seemed where we were met bv trucks, which con- veyed us strange to the Americans. In that small village we for a distance of 80 miles to the Meuse- Argonne Front, received our first drill in battle tactics and on August where we took up the support posi- tion. 19th we left for the front, taking up the reserve No trenches here, only immense forests with an occasional position opposite Pont-a-Mousson, on the Villers-en- open stretch of two or three miles We occupied 'Haye Sector. One week later we moved up to the the first line position on the 28th of October support line trenches, but as yet saw nothing of and made our first advance on the morn- ing of "Fritz," with the exception of an occasional air raid November 1st. This exploitation carried us from and sometimes a few shells would come our way, Dun-sur-Meuse to near the Tuileries farm on a front but few casualties were suffered. of seven kilometers. This Freva Stelluno was the last organized On Septeniljer Sth, during the night, we moved German defense line and where it reached the forward occupying the first line trenches, and it Meuse River was the pivot or hinge on whicli was here we received our initial test under shell swung the whole defensive system through Northern fire. "Fritz" evidently knew we were coming and France and Belgium. The barrage that was laid that we were green at the business, for he played a down for us was made up of artillery and machine guns, a continual fire on our trench, at least so it seemed combination rolling barrage and it seemed that to us, and we wondered at the time if all the artil- every possible inch of No Man's Land was lery in the German army w-ere trained on us. There covered by it, but there still remained plenty of were good Dutch dugouts, with all modern con- machine gun nests and men, who had es- caped the veniences, which we took advantage of. Gas guard severe barrage by digging in the side of the and night patrols constituted om- daily routine. hill facing us, yet to be wiped out. Our Three days later we changed our position, occu- Company made numerous captures this first day, totaling pying a part of the St. Mihiel Sector, where a big almost 400 prisoners, several pieces of artillery drive was reported to take place any time. Little did and many machine guns. One whole Ger- man company we dream at the time that we would participate in it. (approximately 2.50 men) surrendered We were comfortably housed in one of those im- to us without firing a shot. Thev came towards us marching mense Dutch dugouts, and on the road to a good four abreast, the leader hoisting a stick, night's sleep when the barrage opened, that was to to which he had tied a white shirt. Many of the prisoners clear a path for us through No Man's Land. Well, were mere hoys, not more than 1.5 or 16 years it sounded as if all the artillery in the world were old, some of whom were wounded and crying for their taking part and it continued all the next day with father or mother. Our strength was not very slight let-up. At five o'clock in the morning great, so we could not spare the necessary guards to of the 12th orders came to advance, and it was accompany the prisoners back to the rear, but w-ith no slight thrill that we all clambered out of the they were only too willing to go unescorted and with- trench "over the top." Our resistance was not out any trouble. The bloodshed was terrible during heavy, consisting mainly of machine guns that had our advance on the 1st day of November, our com- escaped the barrage, which was our duty to wipe pany losing over 70 men, more than 50% of our total out. The whole Bois-le-Pretre was cleared by our strength, but we pushed on until about four o'clock Regiment that day, with slight loss—the exploitation in the afternoon, when we were leap-frogged bv being carried to the Moselle River. Our advance another Regiment of our Infantry. That day we covered about two miles that day and we rested for cleaned out thoroughly the Bois de . and the night in a trench, which a few^ hours before had captured Le Grande Carre Farm, Andevanne and been held by the enemy. We pushed on for a gain of Villers-devant-Dun. two kilometers the next day, coming to another line The rest we received was surely welcomed, and of trenches, which we held until the 16th of Septem- we dug in for the night in the side of a hill, but with ber, with no counter attacks. Trench life was not only a few hours' sleep (if you can call it sleep, overly pleasant here, rain every day, trenches full of with dozens of shells whizzing over your head every rats and vermin, and it was with difficulty that we hour, some of them coming uncomfortably close) could get shelter, much only what we could dig in we again took our turn at driving the Dutch still :

further back towards their beloved Hunland. They apolis. Minn. From there I was sent to Great Lakes were retreating so fast until we really needed trucks Naval Training Station where I remained until Aug. to keep up with them. We continued our advance 17, 1917. During this period, our time was spent through November 10th with very little resistance, al- mostly in drilling and building up the training sta- though we suffered casualties every day, but for tion. On Aug. 17, I was transferred to the League every one of our men lost, the enemy lost two or Island Navy Yard at Philadelphia, on the three. The last shot fired by us was at and River, where we were given final instructions before Baalon the night of November 10th. Pressing the going aboard ship. On Sept. 8, we were transferred enemy's retreat that day, our division cleared a sec- to the Brooklyn Navy Yard, where we boarded tion of the left liank of the Meuse River south of yachts and were taken to Long Island Sound, wdiere Sedan. the Atlantic Fleet was anchored. I was assigned to Our total advance against the enemy on all fronts the Superdreadnaught New York. On the tenth of was 2S% kilometers (approximately IS miles) dur- September we were scheduled for an eight days' ing which we captured 1,844 prisoners. From Octo- cruise. This trip was a pleasant one for those who ber 24th to November 11th the Division captured were used to the sea, but for a raw recruit, like my- f)T.5 men and ofificers and .!2 pieces of artillery, suf- self, it was really a tough breaking in. However, fering casualties of 9,700 men, including killed, I finally became accustomed to the rolling deep. wounded and missing. My ship remained in the vicinity of New York

On the morning of November 11th at .J o'clock until November 2.5, during which time the ship was we were lined up in combat groups ready to push repaired, camouflaged, and rigged for foreign serv- forward again, when the orders came to lay low ice. On Nov. 25, 1917, we drew anchor at Lind- until 11 o'clock. This was the first inkling that haven Bay and set sail for a foreign port. On the us men had that peace was anywhere near, although third day out we ran into a terrific storm. We were we had heard that the Kaiser had recently abdicated. running against the waves with an engine speed of There was no shouting over the news, just a satis- from twelve to fifteen knots per hour, making no fied grunt and we rolled over on the wet ground and visible progress. Occasionally we made some prog- fell asleep. During the forenoon the Dutch had a ress only to be driven back again. On the second great celebration, shooting up flares and rockets and day of this storm the wireless apparatus was blown enjoying themselves in general. They were just from the mast. Our means of communication was across the hill from us and kept calling for us to thus destroyed. One of the ventilators in the for- came over, but there were no handshakes coming ward part of the ship was not thoroughly secured from the Americans. At noon we moved back to and this resulted in several compartments being the village of , where we spent a few days flooded. As many men as could work with small preparatory to our moving forward as part of the Oc- pumps as well as steam pumps, were unable to pump cupation Army. out the water as fast as it came in. This was a We spent a solemn Thanksgiving at Marville, critical time but luckily, we came tlirough without France, a short distance from the Belgium border, anything serious happening. and feasted on "corn willy" and hardtack. After 23 On Dec. 7, we joined the British Grand Fleet at days of hiking we reached our destination at Zelt- a base called Scapa Flow in the Orkney Islands. ingen. Germany, on the banks of the Moselle River, 85 Here we remained for a few days, when we sailed kilometers south of Coblentz. The Dutch were rath- for Newcastle, England. .\t this port we were er cool towards us until they found out we would do equipped with mine sweepers. From here we went them no harm, but fraternizing was not encouraged to the F'irth of Forth in Scotland wdiere we again on our part to any great extent. One thing that joined the British Fleet. From this time^ on we impressed me was the beauty of Germany, everything w-ere at sea most of the time, only coming into going on in its usual peaceful wa^^ wdien France port for fuel and stores. Whenever we were in was torn to the very roots of her soul with their port for any length of time we were continually un- devilish destruction. der four hours' notice and a greater part of the time Our time as part of the Occupation Army was under two and a half hours' notice, to be ready for pleasantly spent. We had entertainments every action. This wasn't very pleasant, as it interfered week towards the last of our stay, and occasionally with our shore leave. This routine was carried on we would put on a stag dance. The men were prac- continually until the armistice was signed. tically all granted leaves to the various leave areas, During our scout duty in the North Sea we ex- which helped pass away the time. I enjoyed passes perienced twenty-one submarine attacks. On one to Coblentz, Paris. Monte Carlo and Italy. The opin- occasion we were entering the Scapa Flow through ion had formed in my mind that all of France was the gap in the nets, ignorant of the fact that a a sea of mud and destruction until I saw the southern German submarine was trailing us. It is a general part, which has a very tropical climate. The most rule for a ship to slow up when entering a port and elegant structure I saw was the gambling Casino as we slowed up the submarine gained speed on us at Monte Carlo, the largest of its kind in the world. and as a result it rammed into our propellers, knock- May 18th we boarded our train of .\merican box ing one of them off and completely demolishing the cars for St. Nazaire. These cars looked like state- other. There was fierce churning of the waters and rooms to us after having traveled the "8 cheveaux apparently several hundred gallons of oil came to and 40 hommes" route for so long. We arrived at our the surface, so we were satisfied that we had done port and sailed May 28th on the Mongolia, being 10% for that submarine. days on the water. We docked at Boston and to say The following night we started for the nearest we were glad to get back to the U. S. A. did not navy yard at the fastest speed we could make but there begin to express our feelings. this" proved to be very slow. On this night of them passmg CLARENCE E. SEVERSON. were two torpedoes fired at us, one behind us, and the other just missed the bow by dis- about three feet. These torpedoes were plainly THE SURRENDER OF THE GERMAN HIGH tinguished by the wake in the watr and it was just that we escaped being hit. SEAS FLEET. a mere chance On several different occasions the German Fleet Ralph Roemer tells of the surrender of the Ger- ventured out of the Kiel Canal, but never very far, man Fleet, and his experiences wdiile in the North as they were apparently well informed as to the Sea wherea'bouts of the British Fleet. This was no. I enlisted in the navy on May T, 1917, at Minne- doubt due to the work of spies. :

The American division of the British Fleet, did unloaded from the ship right onto the train leav- the convoying of the American mine laying squad- ing for Southampton. The same evening we were ron which was operating in the vicinity' of Si^ager- put on board a little ship and crossed the English rack. Norway, as well as the Kiel Harbor. The mu- Channel, arriving at LeHavre, France, the tiny that occurred throughout following the German Fleet at morning. We stayed there two Kiel days when we were prevented one of the greatest sea battles ever sent to a classification camp, then to St. George fought. There was an estimate made of the number where we were given Springfield rifles for the In- of sliips that would have been engaged providing field rifles which we brought with us. We were both sides would have taken part m full strength"^ also given helmets, gas masks and other equipment to This number was between twentv-five Inmdred and go into action with. Then we took a train and three thousand, went to a place where there were a number of trucks Inunediately after the Armistice was signed, steps which we loaded and on the 37th of July were taken were taken toward the surrender of the German to the front where the 4th Division was in reserve. Fleet. The day for the surrender was set for I the was assigned to the Co. E, 47th Inf., with which twenty-first of November. this On day we pro- I stayed until it came back to the States in Au°-ust ' ceeded to the place that had been appointed for the 1919. meeting. The British Grand Fleet proceeded in sin- I was ill the .\isne ;\lariie Offensive, Vesle Sec- gle file with guns loaded and everything rigged for tor, Toulon Sector, St. Mihiel Offensive and the unmediate action in case a hostile" move should be Meuse Argonne. I got a piece of a bullet in my made by the German Fleet. Upon meeting this fleet left side about the hip but it did not hurt the Allied Fleet me much parted in the center of tlie file, so I mak- did not go to the hospital. I was wounded Aug^ mg two lines of ships, these lines being about a mile 7, in the Vesle Sector. We were near the front on apart. The German Fleet proceeded between our the 11th of November and a few days later started a hues and each allied vessel made an "about face," hike to Adneua, Germany, and a distance "of 3.50 miles with both fleets proceeded into port without anv diffi- about 60 pounds on our backs. We hiked from six culties. Several German transports accompanied to thirty miles a day. the battleships for the purpose of taking back the When we got to Gerniaiiv the officers got me to German ships' crews. This practicallv "ended our act as interpreter for them. We were at Adneua hardships that were so numerous before the sign- till the 43nd Div. left in April and then we had ing of the Armistice. The American to Squadron then advance to where they were so that put us on the left the British Fleet and sailed for Portsmouth, Rhine River. So we were the "Watch on the Rhine" England, for the purpose of joining several other till the 9th of July when we entrained for Brest American ships. France. We sailed with the U. S. S. Mobile, taking During our stay in this port we were granted leave us eleven days to cross, reaching Camp Mills, N. y", of absence for a period of three davs. This was ap- July 27th. At Camp Mills we were preciated very vaccinated and much after being restricted for so quarantined for smallpox. Leaving many months. Camp Mills we went to Camp Dodge where we received our We sailed out from dis- Portsmouth to meet the Amer- charge Aug. 4, 1919. ican ship, George Washington, which was carrving HERM,\X R. QUADE. President Wilson to France. We convoved them Storden, Minn. into the port of Brest. France, while "we took aboard the naval landsmen who had been operatino- near Metz. We then sailed for the United States'' arriving GEORGE H. RAND. at New York City on Dec. 36, 1918. Here we were each given a fi'fteen day furlough after Saw service in the second battle of the Marne, which we Toule Sector, were informed that we would soon sail Vesle River, and the Meuse-Argonne for southern offensives. waters. On Feb. ], 1919, we left Hampton Roads, Va.. and sailed I for Guantanama enlisted in the army Feb. 12, 191S, and went to Bay. Cuba, and the island of Trinidad, British West Camp Greene, N. C. and there received military Indies. We spent about three months throughout training. On .\pr. 24th, we left for Camp Mills, these islands after which we returned North to^New N. Y., remaining there two weeks before sailing \ ork City, remaining there a few davs and then go- overseas. Leaving Hoboken we sailed to Halifax ing to Hampton Roads, Va.. where I was given my waiting two days for the convoy to catch up. While discharge. there we saw a shipload of powder blown up in the harbor and destroyed the whole city of Halifax. HERMAN R. QUADE. We arrived at Liverpool May 23rd about 2 :30 A. M. Tells of One of our ships was struck by a shell his experiences in France with the A. E. from a sub- F., slightly marine and sunk two hours later, fifty-six was wounded Aug. 7, 1!I18, in the Vesle soldiers Sector losing their lives. The rest of them were saved by the destroyers in the convoy. The ship carried I entered into the service Sept. 21st. 1917, with 12 6-inch guns. We were one dav out from Dover, the first contingent from Cottonwood County. We England, wdien the ship was buried. left for Windom for Camp Dodge on the afternoon of We then turned and went up the Thames River to '•.'list Inf., remaining there about two months. Nov. London landing there at 9 o'clock in the evening. the 21st. Arriving in Camp Dodge, we went through We took the train from the receiving London to Dover remain- building and I was assigned to Co C ing there two nights in barracks and then crossed 2(3lh, 1917, I was transferred to Co. C, 346th Inf.! over to Calais, France. stayed at Camp Pike. Ark. We there one week There we spent the winter and living in little round tents, fifteen soldiers to a tent, spring. While there I hurt mv left elbow so I and sand knee spent deep. We did not dare to show up two weeks in the hospital. On June 11th we much there on account of the enemy aeroplanes drop- left Camp Pike for Camp Merritt, N. wdiere we J., ping bombs. The town had been bombed pretty spent about five days before sailing overseas. hard before we landed there, so we were ordered to We were out four days with a convoy of 13 ships stay under cover. We could hear when we turned and the cannons roar- went to Halifa.x." Canada ar- ing a long riving ways off. there the 26th. We were there ten days One week before we landed we ran out of Amer- and were off the ship only three afternoons c3n ican bread, so the English cooks baked bread for us July 4th we sailed with another convoy of 14 ships and It was half tor baked. In Dover they fed us on Liverpool taking ns eleven days to cross. We black bread, tea and cheese two times' a day. In :

Calais it was also run by the English. We then gun, the regiment arriving at Camp Wadsworth on moved from there further into France. We trav- the afternoon of June 12th. While at the target elled all over France on boat and train across the range Lieut. Col. W. H. Patterson joined the regi- country in every direction, staying four or five clays ment. here and five or six days there, carrying everything It was about this time that the regiment was in- we had on our backs. slept in old liarns and We spected for overseas service. Shortly after, orders in the timber. soldiers would their shel- Two take were received by the Sixth Division Headquarters ter halfs and put them together and pitch their tents, to prepare for immediate overseas service. On the crawl in and sleep uTitil morning. Then the bugle afternoon- of June 26th, the regiment began entrain- would blow everybody out and roll packs, eat break- ing, the last units entraining by noon of the 27th. fast, and hike all day. That is the army life for a By the next afternoon the entire regiment had as- soldier. sembled at Camp Mills, Long Island, where it was On the 3rd of July half of the boys from each fully equipped and final inspection made. Move- company went to Paris and paraded there the next ment to the port of embarkation began July 4th. day. After we came back we built a target range Awaking on the morning of July 6th we found our and started to practice shooting. Before we fin- vessels slowly moving out to meet the convoy and ished our course in shooting we were called to the Ijy eleven o'clock we were on our way "over there" front lines. On July 18, we hiked twenty miles and accompanied by the LI. S. Cruiser, "Pueblo." the next morning went over the top about 4 A. M. The voyage over was uneventful and the twelve It rained all night long but we went just the same. days en route were thoroughly enjoyed by all except Four of the soldiers were picked for stretcher- those who persisted in seasickness. Boat drill was bearers, I lieing one picked for the job. The first a daily occurrence and a heavy submarine guard wounded soldier I carried was a Frenchman. From maintained at all times. It must be said that not then on I took care of American soldiers until Sep- even a suspicion of a sub was discovered, much to tember when I was put in the messenger center, the disappointment of many. Just ofif the Irish coast carrying messages and ammunition to the front. the convoy split, some going to Glasgow, others to The first battle I was in was called the second Liverpool. The "Kashmir" docked at Glasgow and battle of the Marne, then the Vesle River, the Ver- its personnel, except Co. H and the third Battalion, dun, Toule sector, and the Meuse Argonne offen- entrained the same day for the American Rest Area sive from Sept. 24 till Oct. 19, when we were re- near Winchester, England. lieved for rest and training until November when Thus located, the regiment was engaged for the we started for Metz. But before reaching there the next few daj'S checking up and preparing for its en- armistice was signed. We stayed in French towns try into France. Orders were received and on the and German dugouts till Nov. 20 when we started 22nd the regiment entrained for Southampton. The the hike for Germany, following the enemy in, being English Channel was crossed the night of the 32nd about five miles from them. We stopped in a small and early in the morning of the 33rd we arrived at town on the bank of the Moselle River, remaining Cherbourg, France. Here the regiment debarked there four months when on the 10th of .April we and marched to Rest Camp No. 1, four miles out hiked to Badendorf. We were scattered all over in from Cherbourg. The regiment began entraining the little towns. Division A being in Coblenz. We took next day for the 9th Training Area which was a trip on the Rhine River and saw some wonderful reached the 26th. A month of intensive training sights. There were three boatloads of 500 men was engaged in here, training in open warfare as each. We had a good time and plenty of music, well as trench warfare. The long looked for and having our own band and the Marine Band. anxiously awaited day at last arrived. On the morn- I did not like the way the English treated us, but ing of Aug. 27th our regiment began its journey to the French treated us better. The German men were parts unknown. A night on the road and the morn- a littl shy of us but the women treated us fine. Or- ing of the 2Hth found us in Saulxures, Department of ders were issued to stop the soldiers associating and Vosges, near the Alsace border. On the afternoon corresponding with the German people. of the 28th, fractions of the regiment began to move July i:ith we started for Brest in American box to the front. The first to go were Companies E and cars, arriving there the 24th, when we left for Amer- F under command of Lieut. Col. Patterson, proceed- ica, reaching Hoboken Aug. 1st. I went to Camp ing by truck by way of Kruth to Mittlach where Dodge where I received my discharge Aug. 8, 1919. they relieved a part of the 139th regiment of the 33th Division. This relief was completed Aug. 30, occu- pying the front line trenches of part of the sector. BERT L. ANDERSON. The remainder of the regiment in the meantime Writes of his experience in the Army, and the had moved from Saulxures on the morning of Aug. movements of his Division and experiences in France 30th to La Bresse arriving that afternoon. From here various detachments moved forward to the Leaving Windom on May 2, 1918, I with eleven others from this count}', arrived at Columbus Bar- front lines and on the third of September had taken racks, Columbus, Ohio, the following night about over the Regimental sector, Girardmer Sector, Ben- 10 :30. Our stop there was but four or five days. noit sub-sector held by the First Battalion, Robinson On May Sth, we were ordered to Camp Wadsworth, sub-sector held by the Second Battalion. Spartanburg, S. C, arriving" there the early morning On the early morning of Sept. 16th, the enemy at- of May 10th. Here, quartered in tents, the weather tempted his first raid. Accompanie dby a barrage, extremely hot and dusty, we began to realize the a strong party directed their offensive against Co. K. meaning" of war. The raid was repulsed with a known loss to the On May 11th a number of officers and non-com- enemy of two officers and twenty-six men. Our missioned officers under command of Major H. H. losses were one killed and seven wounded. Private Pritchet. organized the .53rd Infantry detention camp Leo Brooks, Co. K, was the first man of the regi- where about 3,000 recruits were received and their ment killed in action. Our patrols penetrated the training begun. About the 23d of May, 2,700 of enemy lines nightly, engaging enemy patrols on nu- these men were transferred to the regiment. On the merous occasions. The first prisoners taken in the 29th the entire regiment began marching to the division were captured by one of these patrols in target range about 30 miles northwest of Spartan- the early morning of Sept. 17th. Several strong burg near Trion. After ten days of instruction in patrols were sent against our lines by the enemy re- musketry and range firing, the return march was be- sulting in several captures by our outposts. By far :

on voyage on the boundless main was a most pleasant the most attempt made by the enemy was a raid accu- one, the sea was as smooth as glass and only a few the morning of Oct. 4th. A very heavy and one were sick. rate barrage dropped on our lines cutting out isolated keep deck clean so G. C. and two Qftty posts. Against this During the trip I was put to directed days aboard were G. C. held by about thirty men. the enemy for once more I was a seaman. Our duty, reading, writing, a party of three hundred' commanded by a Major. spent in ship drill, lookout This partv was composed of picked troops, includ- and games, and the evenings were spent at the last two ing pioneers, flame throwers and light machine guns movies in the ship's dining room. The who had trained for eight days for this attempt. days of the trip we were escorted by five of the Although outnumbered and hopelessly cut off from swiftest submarine destroyers afloat. On the 30th of of Brest. That assistance, our men succeeded in not only repulsmg T\Iav we anchored in the harbor unloaded the ship the raid but in capturing prisoners and a consider- night and the following day we Pontanezen able amount of material. Our losses were one offi- and then disembarked and marched to cer and eight men killed, and eighteen wounded. Barracks built by Napoleon. nature by the ene- This was the last attempt of any On the 2nd of June we entrained at Brest in the October a re- my to enter our lines. On the nth of famous box cars "8 Chevaux and 40 Homines" with by the French fa- connaissance of our line was made which all of the Allied soldiers are so well troops began. This and on the 10th a relief by their miliar. The worst I had ever had a ride in. Our regiment going back was completed by the 12th, our trip lay south to Bonneau a few miles away from here in prepa- to Saul-xures. Two weeks were spent Bordeaux. We marched to Camp De Souge and ration for our move to the Argonne. went into barracks of cement and tile. The sand than the mud To make a long story short, will say that Villers- in this place was harder to drill in greasy en-Argonne was reached on the 27th, where we de- of Camp Greene, N. C, as it was heavy, of us won- trained and marched to Camp Chillaz, a former stuff and we were always dirty. Some the end and allow French camp. This march of 2.5 kilometers was dered if it would ever come to an Finally beginning of perhaps the longest march made by any us to get to the front for our real work. or and march to division in the A. E. F'., a total of 479 kilometers orders were received to clear camp and wagons, better than 300 miles, resting only four days in that Bonneau where we loaded our horses and for where? time. .\t 10 A. M. the march was resumed had mess and departed at 7 P. M. bound Grand Pre was reached about noon. It was here No one knew, but many surmised it was toward the troops between that the enemv held part of the town, and our sector where Americans were then engaged to our the other part, for days. The result was a thoro Chateau Thierrv and the Vesle River. True of destruction of the entire city. Our march con- surmisal we arrived at the shell-wrecked station 191S, tinued northward. On the morning of the 11th the Chateau Thierrv on the morning of Aug. 4th, regiment received word that the Armistice had been and unloaded preparatory to starting up to the line. eleven o'clock. March was pro- signed, and effective at Early in the afternoon -we were ready and bivouac was made for the night at of continued and ceeded' through the narrow devastated streets were ordered back to Verdun Chatel Cheherv. We across the famous pontoon bridge, past the into France the town, remained a few days ; then back where we now ruined stone one, up in the long steep road remained until the latter part of April when where we above the town, past several small ruined villages, were ordered to Germany. We remained there here we then on to Artoris Wood for the night. From 27th when we left for the U. S. after until Mav we could see the flares in No Man's Land dusk. ANDREW AARSAXD The following day was a rainy one, but in the out brilliantly and most the afternoon the sun came Writes interesting letter of the final days of view the of us made short trips into the woods to war, and the long hike into Germany with the Army ravages of war and become acclimated as it were. of Occupation hard That night at dusk we left the camp and in to serve in Uncle Sept. 21, 1917, I was called rain proceeded during the night to our next Windom, Thursday driving Sam's Armv. I reported in camp within shell fire of the enemy. Sept. 21. After various speeches were morning, night the road was jammed with three fair- During this made and also a big dinner served at the cars, streams of slowly moving traffic, one of staff grounds we entrained about 3 ;30 for Camp Dodge, ambulances and motortrucks, and another of liorse- Iowa. reached the camp the next afternoon. the We vehicles proceeding up to the lines, and 'nr., S8th drawn I was there made private in Co. C, 35ist living other moving slowlv to the hospital with its Div., there receiving my iirst lessons in army Ufe ambulance freight from" the front. Ambulance after and drills. many and° other full loaded trucks passed us and I was About the last part of November, 1917, were our thoughts. The sky was continually lit with 340th Inf., 87th Div., Camp from the transferred to Co. C, the reflections from the countless flares spent the winter, and then was Later we Pike, Ark., where we front. Truly it was a glorious sight. Greene, N. C, sent with a lot of other men to Camp passed through Fer-en-Tardinois, a vast jumble of I was as- roofs Apr. 14, 1918. After being there a week ruined homes and tottering walls and shell-rent Ammunition Train, 4th Division night's march signed to Co. G, 4th to a grove east of there where our realized that our days, and of the Regular Army. I now was finished. We unharnessed our horses States were numbered. Gradually it the in the United ^ flopped down on the wet ground as if was orders came and regiments slipped away overseas most natural thing in our lives and fell fast asleep. from the camp and moved to the seacoast. The following morning we moved across the road On May l.ith, after completing the loading of our there received our first lesson own trucks and wagons, and turning in of the ani- to another grove and the hiding of our horses and wag- mals, Co. G, the last of the regiment, cleared camp in camouflage or of the Boche birdman. hours arrived at Camp Mer- ons from the telltale camera and after twenty-four fur- of us went to ammunition dumps ritt, N. where we rested a few days and were There some J., on the second night of our issued the rest of our overseas equipment. On May ther up the road and we received our Baptism of i^ire, 21st we quietly marched from camp at 4 A. JNI. to stay in these woods breaking in around our dogtents the Alpine Landing at the foot of the Palisades, some eightv shells one was injured and we there boarded the ferrvboat which landed us at Ho- during the" night. No ourselves luckv and considered it a good boken where the S. S.' "Northern Pacific" lay. Our counted omen, which has proved itself to date, as during our shell whole stay on the craters touching one another. tronts of three sectors we only Our horses were -'' ^^^^ ''^ '""""^ '"' «f'-^' '-"- We ^^ ^ ^^^^ -""de^ onon" to"cui-vto Cuisy Jved ffou/'con-pa;"^"" where we on the hillside ruined above the The morning town camped for the after our escapade we moved up next twentv-eigh da \ the road to We were all hvmg in dugouts estahhsh an immense dump for in this camp in order of all kind^ to save ourselves. ammunjfon just above Dead Man's During otrr stav there Curve north plenty of we IwJ of Mareu.l en Dole. work to do day as well We moved just in time as as nioht was not long before a large shell flew in and took ^'' ^''' --elieved and moved a large pde of our barrack bags southsovuh 'loto MontzevilleMonf °T'''/for full of equipment a much needed rest and m a thousand directions, and there awaited the arrival this surely would have of fresh horses, but" n the gotten some of us as a number of us vi^ere campedcampea «" o^-der t ogo back into right near Hne the the location of this r'th^'R'^'r^ ^'^'-^ pile l2,- n /'P^*? P'^«d i" ^"PPort of the At this next camp we Mith Division Inf. So back were constantiv under shell to the line we went and fire, lived, slep this time , ate and camped at worked in it and in a few Madeline Ferme which a fevv days previous ""conscious of it. had been in the hands ho wer?'"'l T-'' Cas alarms of the steadilv ;"°, "' ^°'' ^''^-^ ^''^ continuous and a' Iw-,ways^ distmbedrL;,, nth of even our 4 or 5 hours' sleep November arrived at Milly devant d, each Dun and y, which was constantly full there received the news of work it seemed of the signing of the Armis- The men of the battalion worked at the dump loading the mt never ceasing line of motor trucks wh ch ''-'""^ ^"^' ''"° Germanv with immediately departed for tlietbe^A^rn. ""Tn"""' their deadly freigln A Army of Occupation, and after detail of men from hiking abo'ut .lOd our company were 'hauling miles we, on the 18th of arnis small December, canfped or bil- and ammunition to our leted in infantrv on the line a little village, Greimersburg, There night after night. These spen our we same men" turned in at Christmas and New the dump each Year's as best we mornmg and unloaded shells could, and were eagerly looking On the forward to our next 12th of August we turned over great march which the dump was the most eventful in our ^'''/'°" '1"^ ''-^P^^'^d down lives, that Amencaward. but hadhnrrZ'"^ the ro"l After a lot of moving not gone far when a norder aiound in Geniiany was received our Division was relieved from he Army of Occupation and started for home, sweet ""fSiment entrained mo"' 9"J at Coblenz July 12 li)19, and filially arrived at Newport News, W Va Aiig. 1st. Was sent to Camp Grant, III, and received 'there my discharge Aug. 8. 1919.

owing to the stupidity of the French railwa; offichl had not stopped °'^'^''^'' there 24 DAYS IN THE On the 29th of August ARGONNE. AXD SEVEN we moved on much in the fashion of a gypsy MONTHS IN GERMANY. outfit, traveling bv ni<.ht under and sleepini and resting" Otto A. Pufahl. ho"es°orses a Httl''!''""-^ little during the day. After a nine-nighl I left for ke. we camped in service with the first of a canyon north of Souillv Cottonwood The County .s drafted tnp had been made on rainy boys Sept. 21, 1918, for Camp Dodge nights and mosV of Iowa. were fagged out I trained with Co. D, 3.51st Inf., and very dirty from the endless until Nov' through nmd ]', when I was which we had come. transferred to Co. K, 34.5th Inf Camp Pike, Ark. I trained there all winter until -Apr 24th, when I was nition to trench transferred to Camp Greene mortar positions several N. C, into kilos he Co. I, 47th Inf., 4th Div. Regulars With "''". '"'° ^o Man's [and this outfat I went over. returnedre°tu ned't'"''"'""-^'to our w" We left Hoboken Mav 10th camp the next morniing about landing M., luingry, S \ m Brest the 24th. wet sleepy, tired and dirtv Soon this We trained a few weeks before starting for the iT^P^'^'^^'l «"d the St. Mihiel pocke -^ hm^'f wa front. Entered into action for the first t'^ime July '' ^''" '= *'^^ German occupatTo, wenwent, 1°and v' -yth. It was some hot weather then. Verdnuf' was again safe We lost from that side over two-thirds of our men Un the night in the two davs we were of Sentemb=r •> lotv on the front. That was on the Vesle. We were re- lie\ed by the 77th Division. On the 5th of August we went into action on the Aisne-Marne. We did not have so many casual- ties this time. We were in the front lines seven days. Sept. 26th we went over the top for the last time in the Argonne Forest. Had some casualties there alter twenty-four days' hard fighting. Nov. 11th we were back in the At-gonne ready to go to the front lines again when the good news came to us. We could not believe it till eleven o'clock when the guns ceased firing. We hiked all the way into Coblenz, German.v, '-"Lip Liironga Itsnes, which took us nearly one i,r -1 *i where ^orre^ month We made an average of 20 miles per day iowV ''' '^'^^^ with all oPthri^ur l/ancl':! of our equipment on our backs. We were '^T ^''"^ *'"^ city which th«; "'"'' '" pretty well pleased to roll up in n d"o fa Mt a, our two blankets when night came. I was a '"' ^'^^ ?"e"o^^ ^ runner (messenger) and Ihe^rli^i^^ wh^^^Z ^ did not have it as easy as some did on the hike. yVe were in Germany over seven months, leavin" July 11, 1919, for Brest, arriving there the 14tli Loaded on the "Mobile" and sailed for the U S ai-riving in Hobiken, July 27. We went to Camp Dodge, where I received nn- discharge Aug. 4, 1919 :

Wilson and for his BAKED ROLLS FOR PRES. WILSON honor to bake rolls for President staff. Have made eleven trips across the Atlantic HTS STAFF. AND ocean, crossing it twenty-two times, four times with in the Navy: Wilson and once with the King of Belgium. T. Klien writes of his experiences Pres. H. in ray memory forever. on May L 1918. The experience will stay Left ray home at Mountain Lake enrolled m the Naval Re- Yours truly. ior Minneapolis where I sent to T. KLETN. Force as a landsman fir baker. Was H. serve Minne- Dunwoodv Institution at Mmneapo is, the learned got my training and also sota, and there I THE YANKS IN BERLIN. mv trade there as baker. from Mimteap- writes of his experi- Sept 6 1918, I was transferred Sgt. Hilmar E. Jacobson On the Richmond, Norfolk. Va. Here at Berlin, Germany, and his observation of •olis to Receiving Ship ences weeks waiting to be trans- people I was stationed for two German ship. if not the only American ferred onto a r j *„ Being one of the few I was transferred to On the 20th of September, soldier^from this iraniediate vicinity who got into Washington as a second class re- the U S S George German territorv as far as Berlin, I have, at the Norfolk on the haker' The Geo. Washington left quest of several of my friends, written a brief out- York where we staid I can at '(ith of September for New line of my adventures therein as well as 28th of September until the 1st of October. On the present remember them. If perchance some of my in York and took a who I made my first liberty New statements should be found incorrect by some Mountain City. perhaps saw more or saw things mod look'at ,,, , read this and who IfllS, the Geo. Washing- upon me On the first of October, different than I, they will confer a favor with a shipload of sol- extended ton left for Brest, France, by so informing me and to them will be first trip across the diers and cargo. This was my niy sincerest apologies with my acknowledgment a had one for one out of live to stand correc- Atlantic and it was that I am wrong and very willing with influenza and eighty-nine on board was stricken tion. stormy weather. It seemed died, besides fighting The immediate purpose for which we were sent to would never see land again, but alter a to me we Germany was for the reparation of Russian prison- landed in Brest. On the l-lth twelve-day vovage we and we were known as the United Brest, France. ers of Germany October I made my first liberty in of States Military Mission. following trip we landed in Brest on the 9th The majority of the troops of on the 11th day of November we Of course we, like the of November and to F'., were anxious about getting back hovs helped the French celebrate the Armistice day. the A. E. soil once more, but when it was learned When we got hack to the states again the U. h. b. American President this was impossible for a very indefinite time Geo. Washington was appointed to carry that to move into Germany came more as a Wilson across the Atlantic and on Dec. 5, 1918, we our orders to new ter- Presidential flag flying relief than a disappointment, as moving left Hoboken, N. J., with the us had more or less to do with relieving on the foremast. Those were great days for ritory always of camp life. boys, had real good times, at times. the monotony passed the 11th, 1919, On the tenth of December, 1918, we It was on the evening of February after Azore Islands and the Portuguese saluted us. On that on arriving in a small town in Germany ships that some the 13th of December, 1918, we were met by a long and tedious train ride we saw this change from the United States, France, Italy, and ling- change was to be made with us. What the army and land, which were on both sides of our ship salut- was to be we did not know, being in for us, ing us as they convoyed us into Brest. It sure was accustomed to having others do our thinking military a grand reception for Woodrow Wilson, and a scene as vou who read this who have experienced don't know where I'll never forget. life' know it is always a case of "I again and spent the night On Feb. 5, 1919, we landed in Brest I'm going but I'm on my way." We waited there ten days to bring Pres. Wilson back to on the train and in the morning were given hot be the States again, in the meanwhile we boys got a coffee by the German Red Cross and you may leave for Paris. On the loth we left for the States sure we" were also given a thorough overlooking In- first Yanks with Pres. Wilsin aboard and we landed in Boston all the people who saw us as we were the Feb. 23, 1919. On March 5th we again sailed to to locate in that immediate section. The coffee was France with Pres. Wilson and landed in Brest vile liut tasted good to us at that time. About noon in to military camp a March 13, 1919. On May 18, 1919, we landed twenty-five of us were sent a suburbs Brest, waiting there for President Wilson to go short way from this town and one of the ac- back to his native land. During that time few of (Of Berlin and after getting settled with gooa to see the the boys left for Paris and StrassTiurg on leave. commodations I and two friends went out for sup- On June 30th we left Brest. France, taking Pres. sights. We went to a restaurant and tried Wilson across the Atlantic for the fourth time. On per but found practically all there was to be had was as July 4th Wilson gave a speech to us sailor and sol- vegetables and a limited amount of them, so, dier boys on board ship. We landed in New York we had no choice we ordered what they had. We and on July 8th where Wilson got another great recep- had brought our own white bread from carnp the civilians tion. On September 7th the Geo. Washington left this caused much excitement among once more for Brest, France, to bring to the LInited as they had not seen any of this for four j ears, States another great man. King Albert, of Belgium, but had had nothing but coarse black bread. One inter- and also the Queen. On Sept. 22, 1919, we left of the boys spoke German, so acted as an the Calais, France, for the V. S. A. with the King and preter. We were very courteously treated by Queen of Belgium aboard the Geo. Washington. On Germans but were at first taken for English, and were October 2nd we arrived at Hoboken where the King they expressed much surprise to learn that we and Queen received a great welcome. Yanks. On the fourth of October, one of my happiest days In our camp was a statue of Von Hindenburg. and Inquiring as of ray life, I bade "good-bye" to all my shipmates and another bust but with the head gone. that to the good old ship Geo. Washington and left for to this we learned this had been tlie Kaiser, but abdication. Minneapolis where I was released from active dutv the head had been removed after his popular and in the U. S. N. R, F. which took place Oct. 9, 1919. The ex-Kaiser seemed anything but spoke with. So during my time in the Navy, I have had the was condemned by almost every one we By tliis time our permanent billeting space was of paper. Very few automobiles were seen, save: ready and on moving to our new quarters we were those used by the Government. Whatever self-res- pleased to find them clean, sanitary and our beds pect Germany's womanhood may have had, thev equipped with white sheets and pillow-slips which apparently have lost and it is reflected upon the we were somewhat surprised to learn were furnished whole of Germany. by tlie Germans. Poverty, famine and wretchedness were visible Tlie food situation of the people was next to everywhere, and a package of twenty American cig- pitiful, each person being entitled to only 120 grams arettes would be sure to make as many friends for of meat per week, their chief food being vegetable you. German tobacco consisted mostly of paper soup and what we termed "dishwater" coffee. and dry leaves. Soldiers of all The plan of Berlin itself compares quite favorably descriptions could be seen. Crip- pled soldiers, old gray-haired vvith a_ good many of our American cities. The ex- soldiers with prac- tically one foot in Kaiser's palace is a magnificent piece of architec- the grave, and boy soldiers whose faces had never touched ture as is also the Hotel Adlon, said to be the finest a razor. all m Europe. Part of this was used as the Head- Such is Germany as I saw it in the heart of its quarters for population, the Inter-Allied Military Officers. The and to you, my friends, who read this, I well known Tier Garden is also very interesting to say, if any of you have the smallest spark of disloy- visit as it contains statues of some of Germany's alty in your heart for your own United States of leading men in history such as Bismarck, Von Hin- America, go to Germany and see conditions as they denburg and others. All that remains of ex-Kaiser are and you will learn the lesson that will teach yoit Wilhelm's statue, however, is the pedestal, the to be true and loyal to the Stars and Stripes, your statue itself having been removed. country, and your American fellowmen. Everywhere there existed poverty as a result of Sincerely. the war, and everywhere could one see the substi- HELMAR E. JACOBSON, tutes for lacking necessities, some clothes even made Sergeant. : :

The America First Association

it with the free and demo- The America First Association was organized in sian system, contrasting " institutions of the United States, and ex- the fall of 1917. A convention was called in St. cratic which would menace America Paul on November 16 and 17, and each County was plained the dangers should Germany win the war, asked to send delegates to this convention. A dele- and her institutions, for support of the Govern- gation of about forty from Cottonwood County at- and made a strong plea tended the convention. Men of international fame ment in the conflict. contributed much to the addressed the convention, among whom was the Another speaker who undertaken by the America great Irish parliamentarian, T. P. O'Connor, who success of the work Captain Sanborn, a young urged every Irishman to forget his ancient grudge First Association, was served two years in France against England and fight with the Allies for the American, who had Other speakers who ad- freedom of the world. with the Canadian forces. time to time throughout the Otto Kahn, the great New York banker, a patri- dressed meetings from did splendid work for the organization, otic American of German biilh and education, was County and follows: Hon. Judge C. M. Stanton of there to tell the convention what he knew about were "as Oscar Hallam of St. Prussianism as first hand and from personal observa- Bemidji, Minn., Hon. Judge B. Miller of Duluth, Minn., tions and experiences. He told of the Prussian am- Paul, Minn., Hon. C. Minn., E. H. Nichols, Jack- bitions and schemes of aggression. It was at this A. R. Allen, Fairmont, Bergren, Minneapolis, Alinn., convention that the .America First Assn. was perma- son, Minn., Rev. J. T. Minn., P. H. O'Keef, nently organized. Hon. F. W. Murphy of Whea- Henry Deutch, Minneapolis, Regan, Mankato, Minn., and ton, was elected President. Robert W. Hargadine St. Paul, Minn., John Hodgson, St. Paul, Minn. of St. Paul, was elected Secretary. One Vice Pres- Lawrence C. ident was chosen from each County in the State, to CAMPAIGN. whom was left the organization of the County or- THE SMILEAGE BOOK ganizations. The Smileage Books were little books of cou- chosen Vice Pres- W. F'. Sanger of Windom, was pons which entitled any soldier, sailor or marine, of organ- ident for Cottonwood County. The work free admission to theaters of moving picture shows immediately undertaken. izing the County was in the town where he might be cantoned. The were held in Speakers were procured and meetings America First Association determined that no boy membership drive all parts of the County and a should leave the County unprovided with at least, securing about one was begun which resulted in one of these books. Smileage Books were put on members. Pledge cards were issued to thousand sale all over the County and the people were urged as follows members which read to see that their friends or boys who were going "I hereby join the America First Association, and into the army received a Smileage Book. pledge my assistance to the Government in putting The work of the America First Association was down sedition and disloyalty, and consecrate my of incalculable value to arouse the spirit of patriotism services to the great cause of Democracy." in the people throughout the County and the dis- Among the speakers who did splendid work for loyalists and slackers became extremely unpopular, the America First Association in Cottonwood Coun- and everywhere there was a stern determination to might, ty was one of more than usual weight and influence, fight the war through to victory, cost what it Fritz Von Osten-Sacken, a scion of a noble family and back to the limit, the boys who went to the in Prussia, who had come to this country to escape front to face the hell of battle. militarism. He emphatically stated that in his opin- The war is over, and may the spirit of the Amer- ion, it was the duty of all .\mericans of German ica First Association grow until America becomes birth to support their adopted country as against thoroughly American, with "one flag, one language their fatherland. He dwelt on the evils of the Prus- and one country."

The Medical Advisory Board

Soon after the examination of registrants for the District No. 8 comprised Cottonwood and Jackson draft army was begun it was found that the physi- Counties. Meetings were held twice a week at Win- cian on the local board could not give sufficient dom. Its personnel was as follows time to those cases which required a more thor- Chairman, Windom, Minn. ough examination. In December, 1017, Minnesota J. H. Dudley, M. D., was divided into eight districts and a medical ad- Secretary, Windom, J. A. Adamson, D. D. S., visory board appointed for each whose duty it was Minn. to make a thorough physical examination of men referred to it by the local boards and render a re- B. Ravn, M. D., Windom, Minn. port. Their action was not final but simply ad- visory. W. A. Piper. M. D., Mountain Lake, Minn. Cottonwood County's Financial Part in the War

It IS impossible for us to give the accurate ac- Ann township stands first count of the in the purchase of Liberty money raised in each township and vil- Bonds; Highwater. second: Carson, third; and West- lage; but we have been able to give the approx- brook township, fourth. Bingham Lake imate amount of some of the drives also did and the actual her share. Of the villages amount of the others. in the countv Bingham Those that we will give in Lake stands detad first. Bingham Lake and Ann town- are as follows: The third and fourth Liberty ship always went over the top in every Bond drives, the fifth or drive made Vii.torv Loan drive the in the county. second Red Cross drive, the Thrift Stamp drive and Below the Associated we give a statement of the monev raised Cliarities. Six drives in all, which will in the county for all give a fan- comparison as to war activities as far as we what each township and are town able to get them, and we feel that subscribed in the different drives. The balance Cottonwood of the County has every reason to feel proud of money raised for Y. M. C. A. Y W C \ the record Belgium she has made. relief, Syrian Armenian relief' and other It was said at the beginning of the war activities, are given war that it in one lump sum. no credit was Men, Money and Food that would being given to any township or village but to the win the war, and Cottonwood County county as a whole. did her part nobly in all of these.

3d, 4th and Victory

, Loan Drives "" /. S. S. Drive , $ 109,750.00 ^""^"y 63,750.00 ^"'O 87,700.00 ^'"fO» 103,450.00 t°" °^ 74,050.00 IJale 84,050.00 Great Bend Germantown 81,350.00 97,200.00 H'fliwater 104,950.00 81,300.00 ,^^'d^ayVf.'\'='^"^'^ 92,700.00 *"• Lalte «fi,400.00 Hill ^7« 87,750.00 g^''™ 91,050.00 §'°'"de" •, 99,050.00 Southbrook 50,750.00 Springheld 69,650.00 VV estbrook 103,350.00 Westbrook Village 115,500.00 Storden Village 43,350.00 66,350.00 Mt.lu t' , ^'li^S" Lake Village 173,750.00 Bingham Lake Village 36,600 00 Windom Village 337.700.00

I'o'"''' $2,380,300.00

Total amount of the third, fourth and fifth bond drive .$2,380,300 00 The amount of bonds sold in the first bond sale 09,.>00.00 ihe amount of bonds sold in the second sale J'°"<^ 291,.rj0.00 Ihe amount of money raised in the War Savings Stamp drive 411,405.00 The Associated Charities drive amounted „ *° ••;•; 45,430.00 Ihe total of money raised for the Red '^'°ss 62,500.00 1

Some Interesting Facts About the World's War

and Its Results

Troops this burden. Possibly the most dependable figures Nation Mobilized Wounded Killed which have appeared on this subject are those col- Russia 12,000,000 4,9.")0,000 1,700,000 lected by Louis R. Gottlieb and published in the

British Empire . . 7,500,000 2,03.i,H2.5 692,06.'. Quarterly Journal of Economics. Before entering France 7, .500,000 3,67.5,000 1, 385, 300 the war the public debt of 11 of the Allies amounted Italy 5,500,000 947,000 460,000 to about $22,500,000,000.00 and the Central Powers

United States . . . 4,272.531 192,483 67,813 was $6,200,000,000.00. Since then the Allied Nations Japan 800,000 907 300 have increased their indebtedness about $150,000,000,- Rumania 750,000 120,000 332,000 000.00 and the Central Powers about $63,000,000,000. Belgium 267,000 40,000 15,000 In the following table the per capita indebtedness Germany 11,000,000 3,683,143 1,611,104 of the various countries is reduced to dollars at

Austria-Hungary . 6,500,000 3,200,000 800,000 the pre-war rate of exchange. Turkey 1,600,000 570,000 300,000 Before After Bulgaria 400,000 152,399 201,324 Nations the war the war Greece 330,000 40,000 15,000 United States $11.33 $249.38 Portugal ? Great Britain 75.03 817.04 Total 5>!, 119, 531 18,606,357 7,589,806 Canada 40.19 189.45 The total population of the nations in the World's France 166.20 768.11 War, 1,569,410,000. Italv 82.55 408.78 The total population of the nations not in the Japan 21.74 23.14 World's War, 135,385,000. Russia 37.95 298.61 Area of countries in the World's War, square Belgium 94.28 246.67 miles, 41,970,000. Central Powers Area of countries not in the World's War, square Germanv 17.18 589.97 miles, 15,385,000. Austria 84.99 551.42 The amount of indemnity that Germany will be Hungarv 74.83 416.1 required to pay is .$40,000,000,000.00 besides the turn- Turkey 31.35 94.11 ing over of her vast amount of war material. The total shipping losses as a result of the war The interest on the National debt of the United was 14,820,408 tons, of which 3,000,000 tons was States before we entered the World's War amounted neutral shipping. to 22 cents per capita whereas it now stands at The appalling burden of public debt under which over $8.00. Even at this figure we are extremely the belligerent nations in the great war are stag- fortunate when compared with France where the gering is taken for granted by most of us, while per capita charge on their debt is nearly $50.00, and but few have any definite notion of the extent of in Great Britain over $30.00.

S&

HIGH SCHOOL MILITARY TRAINING.

During the summer of 1918 Supt. E. T. Chesnut of the Windom High School spent a month in Camp at Lake Geneva, Wis., for military training, to prepare himself for the training of the High School Boys in Military tactics during the coming school year. Shortly after school opened a company was organized and received training in connection with their school work. Russell D. Gove was appointed Capt., Willard Annenson, First Lieutenant, and Rolland MuUer, Second Lieutenant. The Home Coming Celebration

On May 2:;, 1919, the Red Cross and the Draft Lake. Next in line was the Lamberton band, fol- Board gave in honor of the returned soldiers, sail- lowed by the floats representing the Allied coun- ors and marines a Home Coming celebration giving tries, namely: Belgium, France, England, Ireland, vent to their appreciation of the services rendered Italy, Japan. Then came the various war relief by these men while in the service and for their organizations, namely: the Y. M. C. A., Knights of safe return home. Relatives and friends from all Columbus, Salvation Army, Y. W. C. A., etc. These over the county came to pay their respect to the floats were all very tastily gotten up and showed boys and to join with them in the pleasures of the ability on the part of the builders. Miss Mae Jen- day. Altho the sun did not shine in all its glory ness characterized the historic "Joan of Arc" on her and at times it threatened to rain, the day ended charger, giving an appearance true to life. (We are without anything occurring to mar tlie program out- showing just a few of the views as we were unable lined. to get but a small part of them.) The parade was Early in the morning people began coining to Win- very skilfully organized and handled and was a cred-

dom ; soon the streets were filled with cars, re- it to those taking part and those managing it. minding one of the big days of the fair, and every Upon the return to the fair grounds dinner was one enjoyed a time. good The places of business the next thing in order and this ^ was handled ex- were closed and all joined together in making the peditiously and in such a manner that in an hour event a grand success. and a half all the guests had been served. The The day's events took place according to a printed Floral and Agricultural halls served as dining program as nearly as possible. The band concert rooms and the Educational Building was made use on the court house grounds at nine-thirty started of as kitchen. The tables seating three hundred the day's program, and from that hour on the day and sixty at a time, were filled three times, thus over was filled with one thing or another. The Windom a thousand were served. Mrs. George Warren had Band furnished excellent music as well as the Lam- charge of this department and to her and her as- berton band, which in assisted furnishing the music sistants a great deal of credit must be given for the of the day. They appeared in new uniforms, pre- splendid way they handled this part of the program. senting a very nifty appearance. Both bands fur- The afternoon program began at two o'clock as nished a good share of the entertainment of the day scheduled and took place on a large platform built and without them it would have cut the celebration in front of the grand stand especially for this pro- to a minimum. gram. Both the grand stand and bleachers were Following the concert in the morning the bands crowded when the program opened. Father Mc- marched to the fair grounds where the parade was Kenna pronounced the invocation ; O. Finstad, scheduled J. to form at ten-thirty. It did not vary chairman of the meeting, introduced the various much from this time when the parade started up parts of the^ program. Miss Anna Lee rendered a Sixth Ave. to the school house corner, turning east, solo. Miss Grace Hanson gave a reading, and Miss paraded around the square and back to the fair Anna Lee and Richard Lawson sang a duet. State grounds. Leading the parade was the color bearer, Auditor Preus of St. Paul, delivered the luain ad- Edward Olson, escorted by two members of the dress of the afternoon and spoke on matters perti- Home Guard, then came the Windom Band followed nent to the occasion. And the last number of the by the high school girls carrying the Cottonwood program was the singing of "America." County Service Flag. Behind them came a detach- Following the program a base ball game was ment of returned sailors in uniform, immediately called between Windom and Jackson, which was behind the sailors marched a detachment of returned thoroughly enjoyed by the crowd. soldiers (two hundred and fifty strong), under com- One of the main features of the day was the aero- mand of Ex. Lieut. Hurd, an overseas man. There plane flight which lasted all afternoon, at times go- were many who had not seen a large detachment of ing above the clouds and dropping down through soldiers on the march and to them it was quite an them, doing the loop-the-loop and other thrilling inspiration, as well it as was to those who had been stunts. This was enjoyed by all present as the aero- used to such sights. The men marched along in a plane is not a common thing in this country yet, manner that showed they had been in line before, for but we expect to see it a common way of convey- they marched with a preciseness and bearing that ance for long distance trips soon. made one feel proud of the fact that they were boys After supper the Windom and Lamberton bands of our county. Behind the ex-soldiers marched the gave a concert on the court house grounds, this Red Cross chapters and auxiliaries in their uni- closing the day's program. And the day had for- forms, led by members of the Windom Chapter. In tunately been spent without a single accident to the line were the members of the following auxil- mar or spoil the effect of the day and every one iaries : Lakeside, Dale, Storden, Westbrook, High- went home feeling that they had spent the day for water, Great Bend, West Great Bend and Mountain a purpose worth while.

MMCfilAL i

aoy.y fcK! THE /=^frr rffey /o<'/i /r/THi: btfve^e

f/^r F'/'ir ^M't acCoRATtn -i TP^- ^tO-A'/Y .Soy's

Vf'A-. /'V /fOA^ofi, o/' 771 s vyyXA'<.w^ OBi^O Ar A T^tr / "/o/v —

VETERANS OF THE CIVIL WAR.

George F. Robison (1) L. Anderson (9) John A. Brown (:i) Wm. Skellie (10) W. H. Jones (3) E. N. Peterson (11) R. H. Jefferson (4) S. A. Wellington (12) D. A. Noble (5) D. P. Langley (13) R. R. Jenness (6) Cor. Mead (14) Joseph Bailey (7) Ruel V. Byron (15) Clark Seely (8) Everett Hudson (16) W. W. Barlow (IT)

1917-18—Khaki and Blue— 1861-65

Memorial Day has a deep significance for all the khaki-clad boys, that swung down the driveway ; be- Americans. It is a national institution, and as tween the forms bent with age, and the stalwart such it is bound to be preserved. manhood of youth. No one could fail to be im- Time in its flight brings many new acts and actors pressed with the one lingering in the twilight of upon the stage of life, and for those of us who life, the other in the noonday of vigor. Yet those participated in the services of Memorial Day, 1920, two groups that presented so great a contrast were we could not help but be impressed by the new set- most closely united. They represented one thing, ting. Never was a more glorious act enacted, never and one onh'—the Spirit of America. a more beautiful scene depicted. Both well understood the rigors and hardsliips We saw the boys of Gettysburg, and the boys of of war. There was much in common in their lives. Chateau Thierry. We saw intermingling the khaki One had fought to preserve the Union, to keep the and the blue, united as brothers in a common pur- old flag waving; the other had fought for the honor pose, to pay loving tribute to the memory of fallen of the flag, and the principles for which it stands. comrades. They both love that flag and when its glorious folds The days of valor, their deeds of heroism were far are imfurled to the breeze, the boys of '61 and the apart, but their hearts beat in unison, and every boys of '17 with one mighty heart throb salute the heartthrob was reflected in the radiance of their emblem of liberty. countenance, as they gazed with eyes of reverence What a glorious heritage those boys of '61 have and love, on that symbol of liljerty and justice transmitted to us, and today they but ask us to zeal- The Stars and Stripes. ously guard, and to transmit to posterity the princi- What a contrast between the little group of boys ples and institutions they have loved so well. in their faded coats of blue, and that column of Dear old friends of the "Grand Army of the Re- public." We have learned to love you in your de- stirring. The boys of the American Legion are clining years, better than before. .\s time places worthy of your confidence. They have nobly de- his heavy hand upon your once stalwart form, we fended those principles. They are faithful sons of are impelled to express our gratitude to 3'ou more noble fathers. .And when the last noble patriot of feelingly. the Grand Army of the Republic shall stand hovering In your declining years we hasten to assure you on the brink of eternity, when the film of death we love dearly the sound principles which have shall dim his vision, when he shall exchange mor- filled your hearts and life. They shall ever be tality for the bright robe of immortality, his soul protected from the foe, be he within or without shall be flooded with a vision of the boy of the our nation. Most lovingly do you intrust to us American Legion, standing with the sword in one those traditions which are so beautiful and soul- hand, and the Stars and Stripes in the other.

Army Divisions

A brief record of the various divisions, where they were formed, when they sailed for France, and their record there, furnished by the National Geographic Magazine.

The F'irst Division was the first in France, its sector May 31 to July 29, stopping the German at- headquarters arriving there June 27, 1017. and it tack of July 15 to 18, the last of the enemy offen- was the last complete division to return, in Septem- sives. Its conduct on that occasion earned for it ber, 1919. It was the first at the front, the first the title of the "Marne Division." to fire at the enemy, the first to attack, the first to It was in the St. Mihiel sector September 10 to make a raid, the Inrst to suffer casualties and the 14, Meuse-Argonne offensive September 30 to Octo- first to inflict casualties, and, finally, the first to ber 27, and marched on the Rhine November 14. be cited in general orders. The Third was never stationed in a quiet sector, It was in the Sommerville sector, southeast of but was 86 days in active sectors—more than any Nancy, October 21 to November 20, 1917; .Ansau- other division with the exception of the First. It

ville sector January 15 to April 3, 1918 ; Cantigny advanced 41 kilometers against resistance, captured sector and the Battle of Cantigny April 25 to July 2,240 prisoners, and lost 3,177 killed and 12,940 its 7 ; the Marne offensive July 18 to 24 ; Saizerais sec- wounded, being exceeded in casualty list by the

tor August 7 to 24 ; St. Mihiel operation September First and Second Divisions only. 12 and Vi; Meuse-Argonne offensive' October 1 to The Fourth Division, like the Third, was organ- in 12 ; operation against Mouzon and Sedan November ized December, 1917, at Camp Greene, North Car- 17 to Decem- olina. It went to France in May, 1918; from July 5 to 7 ; march on Coblenz November ber 14. 18 to 21 it operated with the Sixth French Army in

In all, this division passed 9,S days in active sectors the offensive near Norroy and Hautevesnes ; August

3 it ; and 127 in so-called quiet sectors ; but the word to 12 operated in the Vesle sector Toul sector, ''quiet" is merely relative, because, no matter how September 7 to 15; Meuse-Argonne, September 25 peaceful it may have been before, when occupied by to Octoljer 19. March on Coblenz November 20. American troops the enemy had no rest, and for It captured 2,756 prisoners; advanced 24% kilo- their own protection the Germans were obliged to meters against resistance ; spent 7 days in a quiet reciprocate the attentions they received. sector and 38 in active, and lost 2,611 killed and This division captured (),469 prisoners and ad- 9,893 wounded. Four ivy leaves, representing the vanced 51 kilometers against resistance, with a cas- number of the division, constitute the insignia. ualty list of 4,411 battle deaths and 17,201 wounded. The Fifth Division was organized in November, The second division was organized in France from 1917, at Camp Logan, Texas, and went to France troops sent over separately. Its headquarters was at the begining of Ma\', 1918. It served in the Col-

established October 26, 1917, and training as a mar sector June 15 to July 16 ; St. Die sector July division began at once. 16 to August 23; St. Mihiel operation September 11 It was in the Verdun and Toul sectors March to 17; Meuse-Argonne, October 12 to 22 and October 15 to 24, 1918; Chateau-Thierry sector May 31 to 27 to November 11.

July 9, with almost continuous heavy fighting, in- This division captured 2,356 prisoners ; advanced

kilometers against resistance ; in cluding the famous Belleau Wood operation ; Marne 29 spent 71 days offensive July 18 to 20; Marbache sector August 9 to quiet sectors and 32 in active ; lost 1.976 killed and 24; St. Mihiel sector, including the offensive opera- 6,864 wounded. Division organized tion there, September 9 to 16 ; Mont Blanc sector The Sixth was in November, and offensive in Champagne, September 28 to Oc- 1917, at Camp McClellan, .-Mabama, and arrived in in 1918. It a sector in the tober 27 ; Meuse-.^rgonne offensive October 30 to France July, occupied November 11. Vosges under French command September 3 to Oc- The division passed C6 days in active sectors and tober 11 and was in reserve in the Meuse-Argonne 71 in quiet; it advanced 60 kilometers against resist- offensive November 2 to 11, spending 40 days in ance, lost 4,478 killed and 17,752 wounded, and cap- quiet sectors and none in an active sector. It cap- tured 12,026 of the enemy. tured 12 prisoners and lost 93 killed and 453 wound- The Second led all our divisions in the number of ed. Distinguished Service crosses awarded, 664 being This division is reported to liave marched more the last ofiicial report, but it is undoubtedly greater than any other in the A. E. F., and was known as now. the "Sight-seeing Si.xth." The Third Division was organized in November, The Seventh Division was organized at the begin- 1917, at Camp Greene, , and went to ning of January, 1918, at Camp Wheeler, Georgia, France in April, 1918; was in the Chateau-Thierry and went to France in August. It occupied a sector ) ;

in Lorraine October 9 to November 11. It captured August 24 to September 3; the breaking of the Hin-

(ii) prisoners, 31 in 2 spent days quiet sector and denburg line, September 24 to October 1 ; St. Soup- in active, and lost 296 killed and 1,397 wounded. let sector, October 12 to 21. The Eighth Division was organized at Camp Fre- The Twenty-seventh spent 57 days in active sec- mont, California, in December, 1917. When the tors—there were no quiet sectors on the British armistice was signed the artillery, engineers, and front. It captured 2,357 prisoners, and advanced 11 one regiment of infantry (the Eighth, now on duty kilometers against resistance, losing 1,785 killed and at Coblenz) had left for France. The remainder of 7,201 wounded. the division was at the port ready to leave, but, as The Twenty-eighth, like the Twenty-seventh, was all troop movements were at once suspended, the an organized division in the National Guard. It division complete never reached France. Never- came from the State of , New York theless, it lost 6 men killed and 29 wounded. It and Pennsylvania being the only two States with received the name of the Pathfinder Division, which complete divisions in their Guard at the outbreak is represented in the insignia by the gold arrow, of the war. It was trained at Camp Hancock, pointing upward. Georgia, leaving for France in May, 1918. The Tenth Division was organized at Camp Funs- This division served in a sector southeast of ton in August, 1918. It never reached France. Chateau-Thierry June 30 to July 31, including the The Eleventh Division was organized at Camp defensive and offensive operations along the Marne; Meade, in all Maryland, August, 1918, and, like the Vesle sector, August 7 to September S ; Meuse- divisions numbered from 9 to 20 inclusive ; it never Argonne operation, September 20 to October 9 left the United States. Thiaucourt sector, October 16 to November 11. It The Twelfth Division was organized at Camp was 31 days in quiet sectors and 49 in active, cap- in Devens July, 1918, and took the name of the turing 921 prisoners ; it advanced 10 kilometers Plymouth Division because it was recruited mainly against resistance and lost 2,551 killed and 11,429 from the New England States. wounded, the highest of any National Guard di- The Thirteenth Division was organized at Camp vision, and was exceeded only by the First, Second, Lewis, Washington, in September, 1918. The device and Third regular divisions. The Keystone of Penn- includes the two proverbial "bad luck" symbols, the sylvania was selected as its device. figure. 13 and a black cat, surrounded by the "good The Twenty-ninth Division was organized at luck" horseshoe, indicative of the doughboy's confi- Camp McClellan, , from the National Guard dence in his ability to overcome all hoodoos. of the States of New Jersey, Maryland, Delaware, The Fourteenth Division was organized at Camp , and the District of Columbia. It arrived Custer, , in July, 1918, and took the name in France in June, 1918, and served in the Vosges of the Wolverine Division, those animals having July 25 to September 22, and north of Verdun Oc- been very common in Michigan in the early days. tober 7 to 30. It spent 59 days in quiet sectors and The head of a wolverine appears on the insignia. 23 in active. It captured 2,187 prisoners, advanced The Eighteenth Division was organized at Camp 7 kilometers against resistance, and lost 951 killed Travis, Texas, in August. 1918, and acquired the and 4,268 wounded. name of the Cactus Division, which appears on Organized at Camp Sevier. , from the insignia, together with the Latin motto meaning the National Guard of Tennessee and North and "Touch me not." South Carolina, the Thirtieth Division arrived in The Twenty-sixth Division is the first of the Na- France in May, 1918, and served entirely with the tional Guard divisions, and was formed from the British, alongside the Twenty-seventh Division. It National Guard of the New England States. was in the Canal sector, south of Ypres, July 16 to The National Guard was called into the Federal August 17, being brigaded with the British at that service in July, 1917, and drafted into the service, time ; then under American command in the same under the provisions of the National Defense Act sector to September 4 ; Gouy-Norroy sector, in- 191fi, of on August .5, 1917 ; this made them eli- cluding breaking the Hindenburg line, September gible for foreign service. The New England Guard 23 to October 3 ; Beaurevoir sector, October 5 to went into camp in their respective States, remaining 12 ; Le Cateau sector, October 16 to 20. there until departtrre for France, which was in the Serving 56 days in active sectors, none in quiet, fall of that year. the Division captured 3,848 prisoners, advanced 29% The Twenty-sixth was the first National Guard kilometers against resistance, and lost 1,629 killed division to enter the line and was preceded in this and 7,325 wounded. by the First Division only. It was in the Chemin The Thirty-first Division was organized from the des Dames sector February 6 to March 18 ; La Reine National Guard of Georgia, Alabama, and , and Boucq sector 31 March to June 28 ; northwest of at Camp Wheeler, Georgia. It went to France in Chateau-Thierry July 10 to 25 (which included the October, 1918, and never entered the line. The in- Marne ofifensive) ; Rupt and Tryon sector September signia stands for the initials of the nickname, the 8 to October 8 (which included the St. Mihiel op- Dixie Division, and was used for marking the bag- eration) north ; of Verdun, as Army reserve, Octo- gage as early as November, 1917. ber 18 to November 11. The Thirty-second Division was organized from This division spent 148 days in quiet sectors and 45 the National Guard of Michigan and Wisconsin, at in active, being exceeded in total time under fire by Camp McArthur, Texas. It arrived in France in the First Division only. It captured 3,148 prisoners, February, 1918; served on the Alsace front Mav IS advanced 37 kilometers against resistance, and lost to 21 : July Fismes front July 30 to August 7 ; Sois- 2,135 killed and 11,325 wounded, standing sixth sons, August 28 to September :i ; Meuse-Argonne, among the divisions in the casualty list. It was September 30 to October 20, including the operations named the Division and used the initials against the Kriemhild line; east of the Meuse, No- thereof for its insignia. vember 8 to 11 : in the Army of Occupation from The Twenty-seventh Division was the New York November 17. It spent 60 days in quiet sectors and Division of the National Guard. After being drafted 35 in active ; captured 2,153 prisoners, advanced 36 into the Federal service it went to Camp Wadsworth, kilometers against resistance, and lost 2,915 killed and South Carolina, remaining there until departure for 10,477 wounded. The insignia of an arrow was se- France, in May, 1918. Its entire active service in lected because they "shot through every line the Europe was with the British, as a part of the Second Boche put before them." Corps. It was in the East Poperinghe ( Belgium The Thirty-third Division was organized from line, four battalions at a time, from Julv 9 to Sep- the National Guard of Illinois, at Camp Logan, Tex- tember 3, 1918; in the Dickebusch sector, Belgium, as. It went to France in May. 1918; served in the ;

Amiens sector with the Australians July 19 to The Forty-first Division was organized from the August 20, by detachments. From September 9 to National Guard of Washington, , , and Noveniber 11 some units of the division were al- , at Camp Greene, North Carolina, leaving ways in the line, serving north of Verdun and west in December, 1917, for France. This was the first of the Meuse during the Meuse-Argonne operation. depot division to go across and was stationed at St. For 32 days it served in quiet sectors and 37 in Aignan, Noyers, and sent 295,668 replacements to

active ; captured 3,987 prisoners, more than any other the front, equivalent to more than ten complete di- National Guard division, and was surpassed in this visions. It was known as the Sunset Division, and respect by only three in the Army, the First, Sec- its members wore as their distinguishing device a ond, and Eighty-ninth. It advanced 36 kilometers sun setting over the blue waters of the Pacific. against resistance and lost 989 killed and 6,206 The Forty-second Division was organized from wounded. National Guard units left over after the formation The Thirty-fourth Division was organized from of the preceding sixteen divisions, and 26 States the National Guard of Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska, contributed ; hence the popular name of the Rain- and Nortli Dakota, at Camp Cody, New Mexico. It bow Division, which is carried out in the insignia. went to France in September, 1918, but did not get This organization arrived in France in November, into the line. The bovine skull on the insignia is a 1917, and served in Lorraine, February 17 to June conventionalization of the Mexican water flask, and part 21, of the time under French command ; east with the name. Sandstorm Division, is strongly sug- of Rheims, July 5 to 17 (including the last Ger- gestive of the State where the division was organ- man offensive) ; Trugny and Beuvardes, July 25 to ized trained. and August 3; St. Mihiel operation, September 13 to 30; The Thirty-fifth Division was organized from the Meuse-Argonne offensive, October 13 to 31; and National Guard of Missouri and Kansas, at Camp again, November 5 to 10. Doniphan, Oklahoma. It went to France in May, The Rainbow Troops served 125 days in quiet sec- 191S, and served first, brigade at a time, in the tors and 39 in active, advancing 55 kilometers against Vosges July 1 to 27 and July 27 to August 14. The resistance, more than any other National Guard di- whole division served in the Gerardmer sector August vision, and was excelled' in this particular only by 14 to September 2; Meuse-Argonne, September 21 the Second and Seventy-seventh Divisions. It cap- to October 1; Sommedieu sector, October 16 to No- tured 1,317 prisoners and lost 2,644 killed and 11,275 vember 7. wounded. The men of this division were 92 days in quiet The Seventy-sixth Division and those following, sectors .5 and in active; advanced 12% kilometers to include the Ninety-second, were known as Na- against resistance, captured 781 prisoners, and lost tional Army divisions and were organized from the 1,067 killed and 6,216 wounded. first draft in September, 1918. The Seventy-sixth The Thirty-sixth Division was organized from was composed of men from the New England" States the National of Guard Texas and Oklahoma at Camp and northern New York State and was stationed at Bowie, Te.xas. It went to France in July, 1918, and Camp Devens, . It went to France served in the Champagne during the French offen- in July, 1918, and was a depot division, stationed at sive there, October 6 to 28. It was 23 days in active St. Amand-Montrond and sent 19,971 replacements in sector, none quiet ; captured .549 prisoners, ad- to the front. vanced 21 kilometers against resistance, and lost 600 Men from southern New York, including New killed and 1,928 wounded. The divisional insignia York City, comprised the Seventy-seventh Division. is the letter "T," for Te.xas, superimposed on an It was organized at Camp LIpton, Long Island, and Indian arrow-head, for Oklahoma (not long ago went to France in April, 1918, the first National the Indian Territory). Army division to go overseas. It served in the The Thirty-seventh Division was organized from Baccarat sector, Lorraine, June 20 to August 4 ; on the National Guard of Ohio and , at the Vesle, August 12 to September 16; Meuse-Ar- Camp Sheridan, Alabama. It went to France in gonne offensive, September 26 to October 16, where June, 1918, and served in the Baccarat sector August it was the extreme left of the American army, and to 4 September 16; Meuse-Argonne offensive, Sep- again from October 31 to November 11. It spent 2.5 tember to October 1 ; St. Mihiel sector, October 47 days in quiet sectors and 66 in active, the total to the 7 16 ; on Lys and Escaut rivers, in Flanders, under fire being more than any other National Army October 31 to November 4; Syngem sector (Bel- division and the service in active sectors being equal gium), November 9 to 11—a total of 50 days in quiet to that of the Second Division and exceeded only sectors and 11 in active. It advanced 30 kilometers by the First and Third Divisions, all three being against resistance, captured 3,848 prisoners, and lost regular divisions. 977 killed and 4,266 wounded. The insignia was The Seventy-seventh advanced 71% kilometers taken from the State flag of Ohio. against resistance, more than any other division The Thirty-eighth Division was organized from captured 750 prisoners, and lost 1,992 killed and the National Guard of and Kentucky, at 8,505 wounded, again more than any other National Camp Shelby, Mississippi. It went to France in Army division. October, 1918, but was never in the line. It was The Seventy-eighth Division was made up of men called the Cyclone Division. from western New York State, New Jersey, and The Thirty-ninth Division was organized from the Delaware, and was stationed at Camp Dix, New Jer- National Guard of , Mississippi, and Ark- sey. It went to France in June, 1918, and served ansas, at Camp Beauregard, Louisiana. It went to in the Limey, September 16 to October 4; the Meuse- France in August, 1918, as a depot division from Argonne, October 16 to November 5, in which it which replacements were sent to the combat divisions relieved the Seventy-seventh Divison on the ex- at the front; therefore it was never intended to be in treme left wing of the American army. It ad- the line. It was stationed at St. Florent and sent vanced 21 kilometers against resistance, spent 17 10,156 replacements to the front. days in quiet sectors and 21 in active, captured 432 The Fortieth Division was organized from the prisoners, and lost 1,384 killed and 5,861 wounded. National Guard of California, LItah, Arizona, and The Seventy-ninth Division was formed of men , at Camp Kearny, California. It went to from eastern Pennsylvania, Maryland, and the Dis- France in August, 1918, and, like the Thirty-ninth, trict of Columbia and was stationed at Camp Meade, was a depot division, being stationed at La Guerthe, Maryland. It went to France in July, 1918, and and sent 16,327 replacements to the front. It was served in the Meuse-Argonne September 16 to 30, known as the Sunshine Division, and the insignia capturing Montfaucon. It served in the carries out the idea. sector on the heights east of the Meuse, October 8 a

to and in 25, the Grande Montague sector October a quiet sector, none in active sectors. It captured 29 to November 11. It spent 28 days in quiet sectors three prisoners and lost 29 killed and 89 wounded and 17 in active, advanced 19% kilometers against The Eighty-ninth Division was formed of men resistance, captured 1,077 prisoners, and lost 1.419 from Kansas, Missouri, and Colorado and was sta- I

Home Again

There were awful times in Europe, ah, tlie horrors! who can tell! All the imps were out of prison, all the devils out of hell. And our own fair land was menaced by the war god's flaming breath, When the call came o'er the waters, save, oh save us from this death.

Then our boys leaped into action with an energy divine. When their general, Uncle Sammie, called them to the khaki line From the farm lands, hamlets, cities, to the blood-strewn fields of France, They were marshalled with precision, with scarce time for backward glance.

Then with gun and Hymg squadron, with the Yankee "pep" and vim. There they met the world's opponent, took the ginger out of him Knocked, from his creaking head-wheels, all the rattling, jangling spokes. Made him know the least he wanted, was the world and all its folks.

Then they laid aside their weapons, crossed again the ocean's foam. Put their khakis up in moth-balls, donned their "civies." Welcome home

Now the future waits their conquest ; they'll build castles in the air, Make the most of every moment, play the game and play it fair.

WAR CHRONOLOGY

Chief Events from Beginning to the Signing of the Armistice— iqiS

1914 Oct. 17-Nov. 17—French, Belgians and British repulse German drive in first battle of Ypres, saving Channel June 28 Murder at Sarajevo of the Archduke Francis — ports (decisive day of battle, Oct. 31). Ferdinand. Oct. 21—The sale of alcohol forbidden in Russia until July 23 Austro-Hungarian ultimatum to Serbia. — the end of the war. July 28 Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia. — Oct. 21-28—German armies driven back in Poland. July 31 General mobilization in Russia. "State of — Oct. 28—De Wet's Rebellion in South Africa. war" declared in Germany. Nov. 1—German naval victory in the Pacific, ofif the 1 Germany declared war on Russia and invaded Aug. — coast of Chili. Luxemburg. Nov. 3—German naval raid into English waters. Aug. 2—German ultimatum to Belgium, demanding a 5 Nov. —Great Britain declared war on Turkey ; Cyprus free passage for her troops across Belgium. annexed. Aug. 3—Germany declares war on France. Nov. 7—Fall of Tsingtau to the Japanese. Aug. 4—Great Britain's ultimatum to Germany demand- Nov. 10-Dec. 14—Austrian invasion of Serbia (Bel- that neutrality of Belgium would be ing assurance grade taken Dec. 2, recaptured by Serbians Dec. 14). respected. War declared by Great Britain on Ger- Nov. 10—German cruiser Emden caught and destroyed many. at Cocos Island. Aug. 4—President Wilson proclaimed neutrality of Nov. 13—Proclamation by the President of the United United States. States of neutrality of the Panama Canal Zone. 4-26 Liege occupied (Aug. Aug. —Belgium overrun; 9) ; Nov. 21—Basra, on Persian Gulf, occupied by British. 24). 8 Brussels (Aug. 20) ; Namur (Aug. Dec. —British naval victory off the Falkland Islands. Aug. 6—Austria-Hungary declares war on Russia. —South African rebellion collapses. Aug. 10—France declares war on Austria-Hungary. Dec. 9—French Government returned to Paris. Aug. 12—Great Britain declares war on Austria- Dec. 16—German warships bombarded West Hartle- Hungary. pool, Scarborough and Whitby. Aug. 16—British expeditionary force landed in France. Dec. 17—Egypt proclaimed a British Protectorate, and Aug. IS—Russia completes mobilization and invades a new ruler appointed with title of Sultan. East Prussia. Dec. 24—First German air raid on England. Aug. 21-23—Battle of Mons Charleroi. Dogged re- treat of French and British in the face of the Ger- 1915 man invasion. Jan. 1-Feb. 15—Russians attempt to cross the Carpa- 23 Tsingtau bombarded by Japanese. Aug. — thians. Aug. 25-Dec. 15—Russians overrun Galicia. Lemberg Jan. 7—The sale of absinthe forbidden in France for taken (Sept. ; Przemysl first attacked (Sept. 16) ; 2) the duration of the war. siege broken (Oct. 12-Nov. 12). Fall of Przemysl Jan. 20—American neutrality explained and defended (March 17, 1915). Dec. 4, Russians 3% miles from by Secretary of State Bryan. Cracow. Jan. 24—British naval victory in North Sea ofif Dogger- 26 destroyed Louvain. Aug. —Germans bank. —Allies conquer Togoland, in Africa. Jan. 25—Second Russian invasion of East Prussia. —Russians severly defeated at Battle of Tannenberg, Jan. 28—American merchantman William P. Frye sunk in East Prussia. by German cruiser Prinz Eitel Friedrich. Aug. 28—British naval victory in Helgoland Bight. Feb. 4—Germany's proclamation of "war zone" around Aug. 31 Allies line along the Seine, Marne and Meuse — the British isles after Feb. IS. Rivers. Feb. 10—United States note holding German Govern- Name St. Petersburg changed to Petrograd by Rus- — ment to a "strict accountability" if any merchant ves- sian decree. sel of the United States is destroyed or any American Sept. 3 French Government removed (temporarily) — citizens lose their lives. from Paris to Bordeaux. Feb. 16—Germany's reply stating "war-zone" act is an Sept. 5—Great Britain, France and Russia sign a treaty act of self-defense against illegal methods employed not to make peace separately. by Great Britain in preventing commerce between Sept. 6-10—Battle of tlie Marae. Germans reach the Germany and neutral countries.

; the extreme point of their advance driven back by Feb. IS—German official "blockade" of Great Britain French from the Marne to the River Aisne. The bat- commenced. German submarines begin campaign of tle line then remained practically stationary for three "piracy and pillage." years (front of 300 miles). Feb. 19—Anglo-French squadron bombards Darda- Sept. 7—Germans take Maubeuge. nelles. Sept. 11—An Austrian expedition captures New Guinea Feb. 20—United States sends identic note to Great and the Bismarck Archipelago Protectorate. Britain and Germany suggesting an agreement be- Sept. 16—Russians, under Gen. Rennenkampf, driven tween these two powers respecting the conduct of from East Prussia. naval warfare. Sept. 22—Three British armored cruisers sunk by a Feb. 28—Germany's reply to identic note, submarine. March 1—Announcement of British "blockade;" "Or- Sept. 27—Successful invasion of German Southwest ders in Council" issued to prevent commodities of any Africa by Gen. Botha. kind from reaching or leaving Germany. Oct. 9—Germans occupy Antwerp. March 10—British capture Neuve Chapelle. Oct. 13—Belgian Government withdraws to Le Havre, March 17—Russians captured Przemysl and strength- in France. Germans occupy Ghent. ened their hold on the greater part of Galicia. Oct. 16-28—Battle of the Yser, in Flanders. Belgians March 28—British steamship Falaba attacked by sub- and French halt German advance. marine and sunk (111 lives lost; 1 American). ;

April 2—Russians fighting in the Carpathians. 24 Aug. —German Ambassador sends note in regard to April 8—Steamer Harpalyce, in service of American Arabic. Loss of American lives contrary to intention Commission for Aid of Belgium, torpedoed; 15 lives of the German Government and is deeply regretted. lost. Sept 1—Letter from Ambassador von Bernstorff to April 17-May Second Battle 17— of Ypres. British cap- Secretary Lansing giving assurance that German sub- tured Hill 60 (April 19) (April ; 23) ; Germans ad- marines will sink no more liners without warning. vanced toward Yser Canal. Asphyxiating gas em- Indorsed by the German Foreign OfKce (Sept. 14). ployed by the Germans. Failure of Germany to break Sept. 4—Allan liner Hesperian sunk by German sub- through the British lines. manne; 26 lives lost, 1 American. April 32—German Embassy sends out a warning against Sept. 7—German Government sends report on the sink- embarkation on vessels belonging to Great Britain. ing of the Arabic. April 26—Allied troops land on the Gallipoli Peninsula. Sept 8—United States demands recall of Austro- April 28—American vessel Gushing attacked by German Hungarian Ambassador, Dr. Dumba. 14 aeroplane. Sept —United States sends summary of evidence in 30 regard to Arabic. April —Germans invade the Bakic Provinces of Sept. Fall Russia. 18— of Vilna ; end of Russian retreat. Sept. 35-Oct.—French May 1—American steamship Gulflight sunk by German offensive in Champagne fails to break through German lines. submarine; 3 Americans lost. Warning of German Sept. 27—British progress in the Embassy published in daily papers. Lusitania sails neighborhood of Loos. at 13:20 noon. Oct. 4—Russian ultimatum to Bulgaria. Oct. 5—Allied forces land at May 2—Russians forced by the combined Germans and Salonica, at the invita- tion of the Greek Austrians to retire from their Government. positions in the Car- Oct German pathians. (Battle of the Dunajec.) 5— Government regrets and disavows sink- ing of Arabic and is prepared to pay indemnities. May 7—Cunard Line steamship Lusitania sunk by Ger- Oct. 6-Dec. 2—Austro-German-Bulgarian conquest of man submarine (1,154 lives lost, 114 being Ameri- Serbia. cans). Fall of Nish (Nov. 5), of Prizrend (Nov 30), of Monastir (Dec. 3). May 8—Germans occupy Libau, Russian port on the Oct. 14 Great Britain declared Baltic. — war against Bulgaria. May Oct. 20—German note on the evidence" in the Arabic 9-June—Battle of Artois, or Festubert (near La case. Bassee). Nov. 10—Russian forces advance on Teheran as a re- May 10—Message of sympathy from Germany on loss sult of pro-German activities in Persia. of American lives by sinking of Lusitania. Dec. 1—British, under Gen. Townshend, forced to re- South May 12— African troops, under Gen. Botha, oc- treat from Ctesiphon to Kut-el-Amara. cupy capital of German Southwest Africa. Dec. 4—United States Government demands recall of May 13—American note protests against submarine pol- Capt. Karl Boy-Ed, German naval attache, and Capt. icy culminating in the sinking of the Lusitania. Franz von Papen, military attache. Mav 23—Italy declared war on Austria-Hungary. Dec. 6—Germans captured Ipek (Montenegro). May 2.5—Coalition Cabinet formed in Great Britain Dec. 10—Boy-Ed and von Papen recalled. Asquith continues to be Prime Minister. Dec. 13—British defeat Arabs on western frontier of American steamship Nebraskan attacked bv submar- Egypt. ine. Dec. 15—Sir John French retired from command of the army in May 28—Germany's answer to American note of Mav France and Flanders, and is succeeded 13. by Sir Douglas Haig. Dec. 17 Russians occupied June 1— Supplementary note from Germany in regard — Hamadan (Persia). 19 to the Gulflight and Gushing. Dec. —The British forces withdrawn from Anzac and Sulva Bay (Galipoli Peninsula). June 3—Przemysl retaken by Germans and Austrians. Dec. 26—Russian forces in Persia June 8—Resignation of William Bryan, occupied Kashan. J. Secretarv of Dec. 30— British State. passenger steamer Persia sunk in Med- iterranean, presumably by submarine. June 9—Monfalcone occupied by Italians, severing one of two railway lines to Trieste. 1916 —United States sends second note on Lusitania case. June 22—The Austro-Germans recapture Lemberg. Jan. 8— Complete evacuation of Gallipoli. 2 July —Naval action between Russian and German Jan. 13—Fall of Cettinje, capital of Montenegro. warships in the Baltic. Jan. 18—United States Government sets forth a decla- 8 July —Germany sends reply to note of June 9 and ration of principles regarding submarine attacks and pledges safety to Ilnited States vessels in war zone asks whether the Governments of the Allies would under specified conditions. subscribe to such an agreement. July 1.5—Germany sends memorandum acknowledging Jan. 38—Austrians occupy San Giovanni de Medici (Al- submarine attack on Nebraskan and expresses regret bania). —Conquest of German Southwest Africa completed. Feb. 10—Germany sends memorandum to neutral pow- 21 ers that July —Third American note on Lusitania case de- armed merchant ships will be treated as clares Germany's communication of July 8 "very un- warships and will be sunk without warning. satisfactory." Feb. 15—Secretary Lansing makes statement that by international law July 13-Sept. 18—German conquest of Russian Poland. commercial vessels have right to carry arms in self-defense. Germans capture Lubin (July 31), Warsaw (Aug. 41, Feb. 16 Germany sends Ivangorod (Aug. 5), Kovno (Aug. 17), Nowogeor- — note acknowledging her lia- bility in the Lusitania giewsk (Aug. 19), Brest-Litovsk (Aug. 35), Vilna affair. (Sept. 18). —Kamerun (Africa) conquered. Feb. 21-July—Battle of Verdun. Germans July 25—American steamship Leelanaw sunk by sub- take Fort Douaumont (Feb. 25). Great losses of marine; carrying contraband; no lives lost. Germans with little results. Practically Aug. 4—Capture of Warsaw by Germans. all the ground lost was slowly regained by the French in the autumn. Aug. 15—National registration in Great Britain. Feb. 34—President Wilson in letter to Senator Stone Aug. 19—White Star liner Arabic sunk by submarine; refuses to advise American citizens not to travel 16 victims, 3 Americans. on armed merchant ships. Aug. 30 Italy declared war on Turkey. — Feb. 27—Russians captured Kermanshah (Persia). II March 8 German Ambassador 14 — communicates memo- Dec. — British horse transport ship Russian sunk in randum regarding U-boat question, stating it is a Mediterranean by submarine (17 Americans lost). new weapon not yet regulated by international law. Dec. 20— President Wilson's peace note (dated Dec. March 8 Germany declares — war on Portugal. 18). Germany replies (Dec. 26). Entente Allies' March 19 Russians — entered Ispahan (Persia). reply (Jan. 10) demands "restoration, reparation, 24 March —-French steamer Sussex is torpedoed with- indemnities."

out warning ; about 80 passengers, including Ameri- can citizens, are killed or wounded. 1917 March 25—Department of State issues memorandum in regard to armed merchant vessels in neutral ports Jan. 10—The Allied Governments state their terms of

and on the high seas. peace ; a separate note from Belgium included. March 27-29—United States Government instructs Jan. 11 —Supplemented German note on views as to set- American Ambassador in Berlin, to inquire into sink- tlement of war. ing of Sussex and other vessels. Jan. 13—Great Britain amplifies reply to President's April 10— German Government replies to United States note of Dec. 18. Favors co-operation to preserve notes of March 27, 28, 29, on the sinking of Sussex peace. and other vessels. Jan. 22— President Wilson addresses the Senate, giv- April 17—Russians capture Trebizond. ing his ideas of steps necessary for world peace. 31 April 18—United States delivers what is considered an Jan. —Germany announces unrestricted submarine ultimatum that unless Germany abandons present warfare in specified zones. 3 methods of submarine warfare United States will Feb. —United States severs diplomatic relations with sever diplomatic relations. Germany; Bernstorff dismissed. April 19— President addressed Congress on relations Feb. 12—United States replied to Swiss Minister that with Germany. it will not negotiate with Germany until submarine April 24-May 1 —Insurrection in Ireland. order is withdrawn. April 29—Gen. Townshend surrendered to the Turks Feb. 18— Italians and French join in Albania, cutting before Kut-el-Amara. off Greece from the Central Powers. May 4—Reply of Germany acknowledges sinking of Feb. 24—Kut-el-Amara taken by British, under Gen. the Sussex and in the main meets demands of the Maude (campaign begun Dec. 13). United States. Feb. 26—President Wilson asks authority to arm mer- May 8—United States Government accepts German po- chant—ships. sition as outlined in note of May 4, but makes it clear Feb. 28 "Zimmerman note" revealed. that the fulfilment of these conditions cannot de- March 4—Announced that the British had taken over pend upon the negotiations between the United States from the French the entire Somme front ; British and any other belligerent Government. held on west front 100 miles, French 175 mile.s, Bel- May 16-June 3—Great Austrian attack on the Italians gians 25 miles. through the Trentino. March 11 —Bagdad captured by British, under Gen May 19—Russians join British on the Tigris. Maude. 24 May —Military service (conscription) bill becomes March 11-15—Revolution in Russia, leading to abdi- law in Great Britain. cation of Czar Nicholas 11 (March IS). Provisional May 27— President in address before League to En- Government formed by Constitutional Democrats, under Prince force Peace says United States is ready to join any Lvoff and M. Milyukoff. practical league for preserving peace and guarantee- March 12—United States announced that an armed ing political and territorial integrity of nations. guard would be placed on all American merchant ves- sels sailing May 31—Naval battle off Jutland. through the war zone. March 17-19—Retirement of Germans to "Hindenburg June 4-30—Russian offensive in Volhynia and Buko- line." Evacuation of 1,300 square miles of French wina. Czernovitz taken (June ; all 17) Bukowina territory, on front of 100 miles, from Arras to Sois- overrun. sons. June 5 Lord Kitchener — drowned. March 22—United States formally recognized the new June 21—United States demands apology and repara- Government of Russia set up as a result of the revo- tion from Austria-Hungary for sinking by Austrian lution. submarine of Petrolite, an American vessel. March 26—The United States refused the proposal of Germany July 1-Nov.—Battle of the Somme. Combles taken to interpret and supplement the Prussian Treaty of 1799. (Sept. 20). Failure of the Allies to break the Ger- man lines. March 27—Minister Brand Whitlock and American Relief Commission withdrawn from Aug. 6-Sept.—New Italian offensive drives out Aus- Belgium- April 2— President Wilson trians and wins Gorizia (Aug. 9). a.sks Congress to declare the existence of a state of war with Germany. Aug. 27—Italy declares war on Germany. April 6—United States declares war on Germany. Aug. 27-Jan. IS—Roumania enters war on the side April 8—Austria-Hungary severs diplomatic relations of the Allies and is crushed. (Fall of Bucharest, with the United States. Dec. 6; Dobrudja conquered Jan. 2; Focsani captured April 9-May 14 British successes in Battle Jan. 8.) — of Arras (Vimy Ridge taken April 9'>. Sept. 7—Senate ratifies purchase of Danish West In- April 16-May 6—French successes in Battle of the dies. Aisne between Soissons and Rheims. Oct. 8—German submarine appears off American coast Aprii 20—Turkey severs relations with United States. and sinks British passenger steamer 4 Stephano. May —American destroyers begin co-operation with Oct. 28—British steamer Marina sunk without warning British Navy in war zone. (6 Americans lost). May IS-Sept. 15-Great Italian offensive on Isonzo Nov. 6—British liner Arabia torpedoed and sunk with- front (Carso Plateau). Capture of Gorizia (Aug out warning in Mediterranean. 9). Monte Santo taken Aug. 24. Monte San Gabri- elle, Sept. 14. Nov. 29—United States protests against Belgian de- portations. Alay 15—Gen. Retain succeeds Gen. Nivelle as com- mander in chief of the French armies. Dec. 5-6—Fall of Asquith Ministry; Llovd George new May 17 Russian Provisional Prime Minister. — GovernmeiM reconstructed Kerensky (former Minister of Justice) becomes Dec. 12—German peace offer. Refused (Dec. 30) by Minister of War. Milyukoff resigns. Allies as "empty and insipcere." May i8— President Wilson signs Selective Service Act. Ill June 3—American mission to Russia lands at Vladi- Dec. 6—United States destroyer Jacob Jones sunk by vostok ("Root Mission"). Returns to America submarine, with loss of over 60 American men. Aug. 3. —Explosion of munitions vessel wrecks Halifax. June 7—British blow up Messines Ridge, south of Dec. 6-9—Armed revolt overthrows pro-Ally Admin- Ypres, and capture 7,500 German prisoners. istration in Portugal. June 10—Italian offensive on Trentino. Dec. 7—United States declares war on Austria-Hun- June 13—King Constantine of Greece forced to abdi- gary. cate. Dec. 9—Jerusalem captured by British force advanc- June 15—Subscriptions close for First Libert}' Loan ing from Egypt. ($3,000,000,000 offered; $3,035,336,850 subscribed). Dec. 10—Gens. Kaledines and Korniloff declared by June 26—First American troops reach France. the Bolshevik Government to be leading a Cossack June 39—Greece enters war against Germany and her revolt. allies. Dec. 13—Berlin announces armistice negotiations with July 1—Russian Army, led in person by Kerensky, be- Russia begin Dec. 14. gins a short-line offensive in Galicia, ending in disas- —German aerial bombs kill several United States rail- trous retreat (July 19- Aug. 3). way engineers, and two engineers die from gunshot July 4—Resignation of Bethmann-Hollweg as German wounds. Chancellor. Dr. George Michaelis, Chancellor (July —Chinese troops arrive at Harbin, Manchuria, oust 14). Russians and prevent Bolsheviki gaining control of July 20—Drawing at Washington of names for first city. army under selective service. Dec. 14—Austro-German forces on Italian front win July 30—Kerensky becomes Premier on resignation a sector. of Prince Lvoff. —Premier Lloyd George in speech to lawyers at Gray's July 30— ]\'Iutiny in German fleet at Wilhelmshaven and Inn declares England in accord with President Wil- Kiel. Second mutiny, Sept. 3. son's statement of war aims. July 31-Nov.—Battle of Flanders (Passchendaele —Cuban Senate declares state of war with Austria- Hungary. Ridge) ; British successes. Aug. 10—Food and Fuel Control Bill passed. Dec. 15—Inter-Allied Economic Council, Great Britain Aug. 15—Peace proposals of Pope Benedict revealed France and Italy represented, organizes in London, (dated Aug. 1). LInited States replies, Aug. 27; elects Assistant Secretary of United States Treasury Oscar T. Crosby, President. Germany and Austria, Sept. 31 ; supplementary Ger- man reply, Sept. 36. —Armistice agreement between Bolshevik Government and Central Powers signed at Aug. 15—Canadians capture Hill 70. dominating Lens. Brest-Litovsk. Aug. 19—New Italian drive on the Isonzo front (Carso Dec. 16—Explosion in Zeppelin works at Friedrichs- Plateau). Monte Santo captured (Aug. 34). hafen kills and injures many. Aug. 30-24—French attacks at Verdun recapture high —Zeppelin bomb factory near Kiel is destroyed by ex- ground lost in 1916. plosion. Sept. 3—Riga captured by Germans. Dec. 17—German raid in North Sea destroys convoyed Sept. 8—Luxburg despatches ("spurlos versenkt") re- merchant fleet (1 British, 5 neutral ships), a British vealed by LTnited States. destroyer and 4 armed trawlers; a cruiser squadron Sept. 10-13—Attempted coup d'etat of Gen. Korniloff. picks up survivors. Sept. 15—Russia proclaimed a republic. —United States submarine F-3 rams and sinks United Oct. 13—Germans occupy Oesel and Dago Islands (Gulf States submarine F-1, in American waters (19 lives of Riga). lost). Oct. 17 Russians defeated in a naval engagement in — Dec. IS—Sixteen to twenty large German Gothas raid the Gulf of Riga. London, kill 10, injure 70; two of the raiders are Oct. 24-Dec.—Great German-Austrian counter drive in- brought down. to Italy. Italian line shifted to Piave River, Asiago Dec. 19 British Admiralty reports past week's boat Plateau, and Brenta River. — U losses 17 merchantmen (14 over 1,600 tons), 1 fish- Oct. 23-26—French drive north of the Aisne wins im- — ing vessel. portant positions, including Malmaison Fort. Official report received in Washington, D. C, from Oct. 26—Brazil declares war on Germany. — France, says the Turks sent to Berlin the monstrance Oct. 37— Second Liberty Loan closed ($3,000,000,000 of brilliants, and carried off the treasure of the offered; $4,617,532,300 subscribed). Church of the Holy Sepulcher, before surrendering Oct. 30—Count von Hertling succeeds Michaelis as Jerusalem. German Chancellor. Nov. 2—Germans retreat from the Chemin des Dames, Dec. 30—Germans claim 8,390 prisoners on Italian front north of the Aisne. since Dec. 11. Nov. 3 —First clash of Americans with German soldiers. — Premier Lloyd George addresses House of Commons Nov. 7—Overthrow of Kerensky and Provisional Gov- on Britain's peace terms. ernment of Russia by the Bolsheviki. Dec. 22—British armed steamship Stephen Furness is Nov. 13— Clemenceau succeeds Ribot as French Pre- sunk in Irish Channel by German submarine. mier. —At Essen, Germany, explosion in electric power sta- Nov. 18—British forces in Palestine take Jaffa. tion in Krupp plant causes a 33-hour fire. Nov. 22-Dec. 13—Battle of Cambrai. Successful sur- —Three British destroyers are sunk off Dutch coast

prise attack near Cambrai by British, under Gen. by mines or torpedoes ; 193 lives lost. down Byng, on Nov. 33 (employs "tanks" to break Dec. 33—Gen. Guillaumat succeeds Sarrail as Com- wire entanglements in place of the usual artillery mander in Chief of Allied forces at Salonica. preparations). Bourlon Wood, dominating Cambrai, Dec. 24—Germans break through Italian positions in taken Nov. 26. Surprise counter attack by Ger- Asiago sector but are stopped by counter attacks mans, Dec. 3, compels British to give up fourth of near Buso Monte Salbella. ground gained. German attacks on Dec. 13 partly —British airmen bomb Mannheim on the Rhine. successful. Dec. 35 Berlin reports capture on Italian front of Nov. 39—First plenary session of the Inter-AUicd Con- — Col del Rosso and 9,000 prisoners. ference in F

Dec. 26—At Harbin, Manchuria, Russian Maximalist —Germans bombard Yarmouth, killing 3. troops surrender to Chinese, after a fight. —Attempt is made to shoot Russian Premier Lenine. —Vice Admiral Sir Rosslyn Wemj'ss appointed First Jan. 18—Prussian Chamber of Lords reaffirms exclu- Sea Lord of the Admiralty, succeeding Sir John R. sive right of German Emperor to make war or peace. Jellicoe. —Premier Lloyd George addressing Trades Union Con- Dec. 27—Turkish army defeated by British in attempt ference, declares "We must either go on or go un- to retake Jerusalem. der." Dec. 28—Three British torpedo boat destroyers sunk Jan. 20—British Admiralty announces sinking in ac- either by mines or torpedoes off coast of Holland tion at entrance to Dardanelles Turkish cruiser Mi- 13 officers, ISO men lost. dulla, formerly the German Breslau, and beaching Dec. 30—Fighting renewed on Cambrai front. the Sultan Yawuz Selim, formerly German Goeben —Gen. Allenby's forces occupy Bireh, SVz miles north of the British losing monitor Raglan and small monitor Jerusalem. M-28; British lose 178 men; Turks, 198. —In Monte Tomba sector, Italy, French forces pierce —Ostend bombarded by Allied naval forces. German lines, capture 1,400 prisoners, 60 machine Jan. 21—On French front Allied airplanes bomb Cour- guns, 7 cannon and large quantity of other war ma- trai, Roulers and Rumbeke, and raiding into Germany, terial. bomb steel works at Thionville and railway sidings —British transport torpedoed in Eastern Mediterran- at Bernstoff and Arnaville. ean; loss 800; British destroyer picking up survivors —Armed boarding steamer Louvain sunk in Mediter- also sunk. ranean; 217 lost. Dec. 31—Mercantile fleet auxiliary Osmanieh sunk by —Sir Edward Carson. Minister without portfolio, re- a mine. signs from British War Cabinet. —British Food Controller, Baron Rhondda, orders ra- — Petrograd reports murders of A. I. Shingareff and tioning of sugar—% pound per capita, per week, ob- Prof. F. F. Kokoshkine, Kerensky Minister of Fi- tained by card. nance and State Comptroller. —Washington reports abandonment of Gen. von Falk- 1918 enhayn's plan to reorganize Turkish army because of desertion of 160,000 Turkish troops between Constan- Jan. 2 —Between Lens and St. Quentin German raids tinople and Palestine. on British lines repulsed with heavy enemy losses. —Gen. Szetezair Boroevic. a Slav, succeeds Archduke —Austro-German invaders defeated in thrust at Ven- Charles as commander of Austrian forces on Italian ice. front. —Five enemy airplanes are brought down on Italian Jan. 22—Baron Rhondda, British Food Controller, de- front. crees Tuesdays and Fridays to be meatless days in in other —Germany demands of Russia, Poland, Courland, Es- London district ; Wednesdays and Fridays thonia and Lithuania. parts of kingdom. —.Alexandrovsk occupied by Cossacks without resis- Jan. 2,3—Germans gain footing east of Nieuport, but tance. are expelled in counter attack. —Marie Corelli, novelist, fined by British Food Con- Jan. 24—On Monte Tomba front Germans move de- troller for having too much sugar. fense lines back from Piave River westward to Monte Jan. 4—Lieut. "Hobey" Baker, former Princeton foot- Spinoncia. ball captain, brings down German airplane in his —British airmen raid railway stations at Courtrai and Mann- first war flight. . Ledeghem, Belgium, and at Douai, France; Jan. 5—In speech to trades unions Lloyd George sets heim on the Rhine, steel works at Thionville, rail-

forth Great Britain's war aims. way stations at Saarbrucken and OberbiUig ; 7 Ger- Jan. 7—In mutiny at Kiel. German naval base subma- man machines are brought down, 5 driven out of rine crews kill 38 of their officers. control. —British patrol boats capture 2 German submarines Jan. 25—Count von Hertling discusses President Wil- off Canary Islands. son's programme of war and peace in Reichstag, and —Earl Reading. Lord Chief Justice of England, ap- outlines Germany's peace terms. pointed British High Commissioner to LTnited States. —In address to Foreign Affairs, Committee of Reichs- —British War Office states captures and losses during rat. Count Czernin, Foreign Minister, outlines Austro- 1917; captures, prisoners on all fronts, 114,544; guns, Hungarian proposals.

; losses, prisoners, 26 British lose 9 ships of over 1,600 781 28,379 ; guns, 166. Jan. —In past week Jan. 8—Italian Government prohibits making and sale tons by submarines. of cake, confectionery and pastry. —Austrian airmen bomb Treviso and Mestre, 2 Ameri- Jan. 9—British destroyer Raccoon strikes rock on Irish cans killed. coast and is lost, with crew of 105. —Germans claim to have downed 25 Allied machines —British hospital ship Rewa torpedoed in British Chan- by gunfire in 4 days. nel accepts res- ; three of crew missing; wounded soldiers safely —Emperor Charles, as King of Hungary, landed. ignation of Hungarian cabinet and directs Premier —British Admiralty reports for past week—arrivals, Dr. Wekerle to form a new one. 2,085; sailings, 2,244; merchantmen sunk, 21 (18 over Jan. 27—Cunarder Andania torpedoed off the Ulster

1,600 tons) ; 4 fishing vessels. coast. Jan. 12—Two British torpedo boat destroyers lost on Jan. 28—In Italian offensive east of Asiago Plateau Scotch coast, but one man saved. Italian forces capture Col del Rosso and Col d'Echele, —United States steamship Nyanza sinks a German and 1,500 prisoners. lost. submarine. —The Irish steamship Cork sunk by torpedo ; 13 Jan. 13—Italian airmen drop 2 tons of explosives on —Roumanians capture Kishineff, capital of Bessarabia. storehouses and encampments at Primolano, an im- —French Chamber of Deputies decrees a per diem portant railway station. bread ration of 300 grams (about 11 ounces). —French War Minister puts postal and telegraph serv- Jan. 29—latlians break German lines east of Asiago di ice under military control. Plateau and disperse reinforcements ; take Monte —Premier Clemenceau orders arrest in Paris of for- Val Bella, 2,600 prisoners, 100 machine guns. mer Premier Caillaux on charge of treason. —Allied aviators attack Zeebrugge. Jan. 14—British airplanes drop bombs on steel works —German airplanes raid London, kill 47, injure 169. at Thionville. between Luxemburg and Metz, and on Jan. 30—British line advances near Antioch in Pales- two large railway junctions near Metz. tine. V Jan. 30—Armed escort vessel Mechanician torpedoed in Feb. 9—Central Powers and Ukraine sign peace treaty. English Channel, 13 men lost. Madrid reports Spanish steamship Sebastian and Ital- —Germans make air raid on Paris, kill 36, injure 190. ian steamship Duca di Genova torpedoed in Spanish Smce launching — of unrestricted suhmarine warfare waters. Poles capture Smolensk. Russia declares on Feb. 1, 1917, 69 United States ships (171,061 gross state of war over and orders demobilization. tons) have been sunk by submarines, mines and raid- Feb. 11 —West of Brenta River Italians shatter violent ers; 300 persons drowned; 107 German and Austrian Austrian attack. ships (686,494 gross tons) in United States ports —Italian torpedo craft enter Buccari Bay and sink at have been seized; 426 vessels (2,000,000 tons) requi- anchor largest Austrian steamer there. sitioned by Shipping Board. Great Britain lost from Feb. 12—The eighth session of the longest Parliament Jan. 1, 1917, to Jan. 26. 1918, 1,169 ships. Total ton- in modern times opens in London. nage lost Allies by and neutrtls in same period —The British Government declines to recognize the 6,617,000. Brest-Litovsk treaty of peace. —London reports strikes in Berlin and incendiary fires —French air squadrons drop four tons of bombs on in Vienna. railroad stations at Thionville, Conflans, Schemblez Jan. 31— It is for the first time announced that United and ]\Ietz-Sablon. States troops are occupying first line trenches. Ger- Feb. 13—On western front United States batteries aid mans raid in raid in district. American line, kill 2, wound 4, 1 missinf Champagne —British penetrate Mukhmas in Palestine. —Test vote in House of Commons sustains Lloyd Feb. George. 1—War Trade Board's regulations to prevent —Sinking of Spanish ship Ceferino announced. goods leaving United States in neutral bottoms and —The British Admiralty reports the week's losses bv to make it impossible for ships to supplv submarines go into effect. mine or submarine, 19 merchantmen, 13 over 1,600 tons, and 3 fishing craft. —Major Gen. Peyton C. March made Chief of General —Rome reports 4 Italian merchantmen of over 1,600 Staff. Italians advance to head of Melago Valley tons sunk in week ending Feb. 9. Roumanians occupy Kishineff. Bolsheviki seize Rou- manian ships in —The Norwegian Legation in London reports Nor- Black Sea ; capture Odessa and Oren- way's loss of tonnage from the beginning of the war burg. Tartars in Ba.xhchisarai announce establish- to ment of Crimean Republic. the end of January as 1,050,583 and 883 seamen. Feb. 14— Paris court martial finds Bolo Pasha guilty Feb. 2—Germans repulsed at Monte di Val Bella. of treason, sentences him to Feb. 3—Germans bombard death, a co-defendant, Lorraine sector ; kill 2 Amer- Filippo Cavallinie, under arrest in Itah', sentenced icans ; wound 9. to death. Darius Porchere sentenced to 3 years' im- Feb. Trial 4— begun at Paris of Bolo Pasha for trea- prisonment. son Emperor Charles of Austria names Gens von Feb. IS —The President issues proclamation making Boehm-Ermolli and Boroevic Field Marshals Can- foreign commerce of United States subject to license adian Fuel Controller orders factories to suspend control. work Feb. 9, 10 and 11, and closes golf, yaclit, canoe —A flotilla of German destroyers in the Straits of hunt and country clubs during February and March Dover sink 8 British patrol boats. except on Wednesdays and Saturdays. Bolsheviki renews take^ —Germany war on Russia. Niepin in Minsk. Petrograd Soviet decrees sep- aration Feb. 16—In battle for Kieff Bolsheviki defeat Ukrain- of church and state. Tartars occupy Yalta ians. in launda, and advance on Sebastopol. Austrian airmen bomb Treviso, wreck church of San Lorenzo • —Sir William Robertson, Chief of British Imperial kill 8 citizens. Staff, resigns and is succeeded l\y Sir Henry H. Wil- son. Feb. S—United States steamer Alamance torpedoed: German submarine 6 of crew lost. —A bombards Dover, England. Feb. 17 —Enemy airplanes bomb Venice, Mestre and Tre- —Lord Northcliffe is appointed Director of viso: Propaganda in enemy countries. no casualties. Italians bring down 5 enemy planes. —German aviators attack Dover, England and Dun- kirk. France. —United States transport Tuscania torpedoed off Irish coast; loss 101. Feb. 16, 17 and 18—German airplanes raid London, but beginning of war German do little damage. ~?^-n^ J i"'^^ U boats had killed 14,120 British non-combatant men, women and Feb. 18—Petrograd despatch announces capture of Kieff children is stated in House of Commons. Bolsheviki by ; casualties, 4,000 killed, 7,000 wounded. Feb. 6—Allied naval forces bombard Ostend. —The Bolsheviki pass decree that on Feb. 14 (old —"Loyal" White Guards of Finland occupy Uleaborg style) Russian calendar shall be made to correspond and Tammerfors. to English calendar, thus changing from old style to —Field Marshal von Mackensen sends ultimatum to new style. Roumanian Government, demanding peace negotia- Feb. 19—Lloyd George addresses House of Commons, tions begin within 4 days; Roumanian Cabinet re- refers to decision of Supreme War Council at Ver- signs. sailles, and to argument of American delegation for —Italian aviator drops a ton of bombs on hostile avia- unified leadership. tion grounds at Molta di Livenza. — Petrograd confirms report of seizure by Swedish Feb. 7—Spain protests to Germany against the looting forces of Aland Islands, held by Bolshevik troops. and torpedoing of Spanish steamer Giralda Jan. 26. Feb. 20 British — Admiralty reports for week : Arriv- —Announcement made that steamship service between als, 2,322; sailings, 2,393'; merchantmen sunk. 15 (12 Asiatic ports of Russia and Constantinople in Black of more tlian 1,600 tons) ; 1 fishing vessel. During Sea had been resumed Jan. 11, and Russians were the same week, Rome reports 2 steamships of 1,500 supplying Turks with food. tons lost and 1 sailing vessel. —Swedish steamship Fridland, loaded with grain from Feb. 21 An economic United States port, — agreement with Spain is signed torpedoed ; 6 men killed. in Madrid whereby Gen. Pershing gets mules and Feb. 8—White Guards of Finland capture Viborg. Uk- army blankets in return for cotton and oil. rainians claim victory over Bolsheviki at Sarny. M. —London reports German troops advancing into Russia Holubovicz named Premier of the Ukraine. Bolshe- on front extending from shores of Esthonia to south- viki fail in attempt to occupy Kieff. Turkish For- ern border of Volhynia; Minsk entered and Rovno eign Minister Nessimy Bey, addressing Chamber of taken. Germans said to have captured 9,125 prison- Deputies, expresses accord with Czernin and Hert- ers, 1,353 cannon, 5.000 motor cars, 1,000 railroad ling. cars loaded with grain, airplanes and war material. VI Feb. 21—British troops occupy Jericho, 14 miles from —Major Gen. Peyton C. March, LTnited States Chief Jerusalem. of Staff, arrives at New York from France. —United States steamship Philadelphian, with cargo of —United States war cost for February $1,003,878,608 foodstufifs, sunk by German submarine. (loans to Allies, $335,000,000). Feb. 22—United States troops are in the Chemin des March 2—Kiefif, held by Bolsheviki since Feb. 8, oc- Dames sector, the Aisne, France. cupied by German and Ukrainian troops. —United States War Trade Board secures agreement with Norway's commissioners by which Norway March 3 —By treaty of peace with four Central Pow- ers signed at Brest-Litovsk, Bolsheviki agree guarantees imports from United States will not Teach to evac- uate Ukrania, Esthonia, and Livonia, Finland, the Germany, and limits its own exports to that coun- try. Aland Islands and Trans-Caucasian districts of Eri- —A Berlin despatch says the Ukraine and Germany van, Kars and Batum. have signed peace treaty. —Sweden protests against German occupation of Fin- —London reports Jericho occupied by British forces land. claim in with little opposition. —Germans to have captured Russian advance 6.800 officers. 57,000 —Five Entente airmen bomb Innsbruck, capital of men, 3.400 guns, 5,000 machine Austrian Tyrol, hit German Consulate and soldiers' guns, 800 locomotives and thousands of motor vehi- trains. cles and trucks. —British aerial squadron bombard enemy aviation March 4—Germany and Finland sign treaty. grounds near Oderzo-Portogruare railway on Italian —British, French and Italian Ambassadors in Tokio interests Siberia. front ; bring down a enemy planes. ask Japan to safeguard Allied in Feb. 23—The United States and Japanese Embassies —Norwegian steamship Havna (1,150 tons) torpedoed and Chinese, Siamese and Brizilian Legations leave by German submarine without warning; 9 die from Petrograd for Vologda, 270 miles east of Petrograd. exposure. —Madrid reports Spanish steamer Mar Caspio sunk by —Washington announces building of $25,000,000 ord- German submarine; crew saved. nance base in France. —Copenhagen reports capture by a British cruiser of March 5 —In Lorraine sector United States troops of German steamship Diisseldorf. "Rainbow Division" (New York City) repel German —Edward J. Loughran of New York killed in aerial raid and take prisoners. combat with 4 enemy machines on western front. —Roumania signs preliminary treaty with Central Pow- Feb. 24—London despatch says Bolshevik leaders have ers; gives up Dobrudja to the Danube; agrees to accepted German peace conditions. Premier Lenine certain economic measures and trade route to Black declares Russian Army is demoralized and refuses Sea. to fight. March 6 United States troops hold 4% miles of battle —More troops are sent to Ireland, west and south, to — front "somewhere in France." repress outbreaks. —British Admiralty reports for past week: IS mer- Feb. 25—In speech to Reichstag Count von Hertling chantmen sunk (12, 1,600 tons or over). intimates a partial agreement with the four principles ^Capt. Sato Yamamoto. Japanese Naval Attache in of peace enunciated by President Wilson, with res- Rome, arrives in New York City, reports 15 U boats ervation that the principles must be recognized by destroyed in Mediterranean last month by United all states and peoples. States, Japanese, British, French and Italian destroy- —A rationing system goes into effect for meat and but- ers. ter in London and adjoining districts. 7 Feb. 2G—Roumania decides to make peace with Cen- March —German airplanes raid London at night ; kill tral Powers. 11, injure 46. —Madrid reports sinking of Spanish steamship Neguri —British Chancellor of E.xchequer in House of Com- by German submarine. mons moves credit of $3,000,000,000, states that at —The British hospital ship Glenart Castle torpedoed end of March national debt will be $29,500,000,000; Allies in Bristol Channel ; Red Cross doctors, nurses and loans to total $6,320,000,000. orderlies lost; 34 saved out of 200 on board. March 8—In Ypres-Dixmude sector Germans attack —British Air Ministry reports Royal Flying Corps on on mile front ; English counter attack. western front Feb. 15 to 32, brought down 75 enemy — Spanish Cabinet resigns. planes, drove 130 out of control ; 28 Allied machines March 9 Germans advance north of Poelderhoek take missing. — 200 yards of trenches ; British win back lost ground —German airmen drop bombs on Venice in night raid, and repulse raid east of Neuve Chapelle. the Royal Palace is struck and three churches dam- On Lorraine front United States forces bombard and aged, 1 person killed, 15 wounded. — obliterate over a mile of German trenches. Feb. 27—Japan proposes joint military operations with United States casualty list shows : Killed in action, Allies in Siberia to save military and other supplies. —

19 ; from gas, 2 ; in aero accidents, 2 ; auto accident, —Mr. Balfour, British Foreign Secretary, says in 1 ; of disease, 13 ; severely wounded, 36 ; slightly House of Commons he is unable to find any basis wounded, 36. for peace in Chancellor von Hertling's speech. Russian capital moves from Petrograd to Moscow. —British steamship Tiberia sunk by submarine; crew — British forces Palestine mile and saved. — m advance about a three-quarters on 13-mile front. —London reports losses by mines or submarines for —Italian aircraft bombard enemy supply station near past week, IS British merchantmen, 14 over 1,400 Oderzo. tons ; 7 fishing vessels. In previous week, 15, 12 over 1,600 tons. Week preceding that, 19, 13 over 1,600 March 10—United States War Department announces tons. presence of Americans on Lorraine front, in Cham- March 1—Gens. Kaledine and Korniloff defeated by pagne, in Alsace, near Luneville, and in Aisne sector. Bolsheviki near Rostof-on-Don. —British occupy Hit in Mesopotamia ; Turks retire

; British —British armed mercantile cruiser Calgarian torpedoed 23 miles up the Euphrates to Khan Baghdad! airplanes bomb retreating Turks. and sunk ofif the Irish coast, with loss of 3 officers, 46 men. —Guildford Castle, British hospital ship, torpedoed in —Germans reach Dnieper River, 400 miles south of English Channel ; no one lost. Stuttgart. Petrograd, 280 miles north of Kieff. —British airmen bomb Daimler works at —German torpedo boat and two mine sweepers sunk March 11—United States troops go over the top at by mines off Vlieland Island. Toul and return without loss. VII ;;

Mar. ll^President Wilson sends message to Congress March IS—Great Britain and United States take over of Soviets, expresses sympathy with Russian people; Dutch shipping in LInited States and British ports. says United States will take every opportimity to se- —Belgians take over Flanders coast sector. cure for Russia complete sovereignty and independ- March 19 French troops ence. — penetrate German line near Rheims. Portuguese raid trenches east of Neuve —German air raid on Paris kills 29; 4 German machines Chapelle, take prisoners and guns. German raids are brought down by gun fire ; 15 German aviators near Fleurbaix and Bois Grenier repulsed. Ger- killed or made prisoner. man forces continue advance in Russia, ignoring arm- —In air fighting 10 German machines brought down istice. The Parliamentary Secretary of War reports on western front, 7 disabled, 3 British machines fail in British to return. House of Commons that since October, 1917, British airmen have made 38 raids into German —-French airmen destroy 3 German aircraft, bring down territory, dropping 4S tons of bombs. London de- 3 bombing planes, disable 1. spatch says German lost in air fighting: in January, —In air raid on Naples 7 in hospital killed, 9 civilians wounded. 292 planes; in February, 273; in 17 days of March, 278. March 12 Three Zeppelins — raid northeast coast of LInited England. — States Expeditionary Force casualties to date: in Killed action, 154 ; killed or prisoner, 1 ; by acci- —In Toul sector United States artillery discover and dent, 145; disease, 683; lost at sea, 337; suicide, 11; blow to pieces German gas projectors, upsetting plans unknown causes, 14 ; of wounds, 37 ; executed, for gas attack. 1 civilians, 7; gassed, 6; total deaths, 1,296; wounded, —Paris Court of Revision rejects Bolo Pasha's appeal 544 ; captured, 31 ; missing, 14. from death sentence. —LTnited States destroyer Manley collides with British —German air ships attack Yorkshire coast; no casual- warship in European waters ; depth bomb explodes, ties. kills Lieut. Commander Richard M. Elliott, and —London announces release by German Government Jr., 15 enlisted men; Manley reaches port. from special imprisonment of Aviators Lieuts. Scholtz —Royal Mail steamer Amazon and Norwegian steam- and Woolsey, under threat of reprisal. ship Stolt-Neilson, commandeered by the British, are —British air raid on Coblenz, Germany, kills 50. sunk by submarine. March 13—German troops enter Odessa and control 20 Black Sea; take 15 Russian warships. March —To reduce coal consumption President Stan- ley of Board of Trade announces in —Dr. Walter T. Scheele, indicted in New York in 1916 House of Com- mons coal rationing rules no cooking between 9 :30 for alleged placing of bombs on Allied ships in New — P. M. and 5 ; York Harbor, arrested in Cuba and deported from A .M. no illumination of shop windows no performances after Havana in custody of United States detectives. 10.30, etc. French repulse ofif ^London reports unarmed British schooner Nanny — German attacks Arracourt, in Lor- raine and raids northeast of Reinsand, in Wignall sunk by German submarine off Irish coast. Souain sector. —British flyers bomb munition works and barracks at LTnited States guns shell village of , Freyburg, Germany, and Bruges docks. — causing explosions. •—British Admiralty reports week's losses by mine or Northwest of Toul airplane drops balls of liquefied submarine: 18 merchantmen (15 of 1,600 tons or — mustard gas on LTnited States line. over); 1 fishing vessel. Arrivals, 2,046; sailings, — British airmen destroy 28 German machines; 13 of 2,063; merchantmen unsuccessfully attacked, 8. their own missing. ^Richthofen, German aviator, achieved sixty-fifth vic- tory. — Steamship Sterling, with cargo of grain for Switzer- aircraft land, sunk by collision. —German raid London ; kill 1 man, 1 woman, —Norwegian sailing vessel Carla sunk by submarine 3 children: injure 3 men, 1 woman, 5 children; 6 houses destroyed; 30 damaged. captain killed and crew lost. —German Government announces American property March 21 —Beginning of "Big Drive" on 50-mile front, in Germany will be seized in reprisal for seizing of from Arras to La Fere. On Luneville sector United German property in United States. States artillery fire destroys first and second line po- —Phelps Collins of Detroit, Mich., member of Lafayette sitions. Canadians make gas attack between Lens Flying Corps, killed in air fight on French front. and Hill 70. British monitors bombard Ostend. In March 14—Gen. Pershing's men make first permanent Palestine British take Elowsallebeh. German long advance, occupy evacuated trenches northeast of Bad- range gun bombards Paris. onvillers. March 22—Correspondents at the front report 40 Ger- —David E. Putnam of Brookline, Mass., of Lafayette man divisions (about 500,000 men) engaged and great- Escadrille. attacks 3 enemy airplanes, brings down 1, est concentration of artillery in world's history ; Ger- drives 2 to flight. mans had 1,000 guns in one small sector (1 for every —Copenhagen reports sinking of 2 Norwegian steam- 12 yards). ers, Skrymer (1,475 tons) and Estrella (1,757 tons). —Secretary of War Baker calls on King Albert of —Germans occupy Abo, on Finland coast, west of Hel- Belgium at the front. singfors. —Brussels fined $500,000 by Germany for recent anti- March 15—German submarine sinks Danish steamship Flemish agitation. Randelsberg (1,551 tons) outside of German danger —German Reichstag adopts war credit of $3,750,000,000. zone. March 23—Germans break British front near Monchy, —Allied airplanes bomb barracks, munition factories Cambrai, St. Quentin and La Fere, pierced second and railway station at Zweibriicken ; 12 enemy planes line, between Fontaine-les-Croisilles and Moeuvres.

brought down ; no British machines missing. —British evacuate positions in bend southwest of Cam- March 16—French raid at Bethincourt Wood on 1,700 brai ; Germans pierce third British line between Omig- yard front to depth of 900 yards; take 160 prisoners, non stream and the Somme. including several officers. —Berlin announces first stage of battle ended, claims March 17—Germans announce Entente airmen made capture of 25,000 prisoners, 400 field guns, 300 ma- 23 attacks on German Rhine towns in February; 12 chine guns. persons killed; 36 injured; attacks made also on in- —British airplanes raid factories at Mannheim. dustrial districts in Lorraine, Luxemburg, Saar and — Paris is bombarded by long range "fat Bertha" guns Moselle. from distance of 75 miles; 10 killed; 15 wounded. —Britjsh airmen attack barracks and railway station —Gen. Zupelli succeeds Gen. Aldieri as Italian War at Kaiserlautern, Bavaria. Minister. VIII ;

Mar. 23—Secretary of War Baker guest of Ambassador —A squad of police rounding up deserters in Quebec, Page in London. Canada, is attacked by a crowd of citizens. March 34—Germans drive British back across the March 29—The French General, Ferdinand Foch, chos- Somme and repulse French and United States re- en Commander in Chief of all Allied forces in France

inforcements ; capture Peronne, Chauny and Ham, in (British, French, American, Italian, Belgian and Port- Forest of St. Gobain. uguese). is — Paris again shelled by "fat Bertha" gun. —Ninth day of "Big Drive," which is halted ; British —British airmen bomb Cologne and Metz. are pressed back to a line running west of Hamel, -—Finlanders report that German transport Frankland Marcelcave and Denain; Franco-British troops hold struck a mine and sank at Noorland. the entire crew, line along Avre, and in front of Neuvillesur-Bernard, Admiral von Meyer and soldiers all lost. Mezieres, Marcelcave and Hamel. and March 21 to 24—British airmen bring down 315 enemy —Germans claim to have taken 70,000 prisoners 9 hostile airplanes; machines, losing 31; naval airmen bring down 17, 1,100 guns. British bring down miss- losing 1. drive 2 out of control. Two British machines ing. March 3.5—The Germans take Bapaume, Nesle, Guis- The German long range gun kills 75 worshippers at card, Biabats, Barleux and Etalon. The Mrench take — Good Friday services in a Paris church and wounds over sector of British battle front south of St. Quen- 90. tin and around Noyon. French are forced back, but The President orders temporary suspension of food inflict heavy losses in retiring; British counter attack — shipment, except for military supplies, and concentra- fails. Allied forces lose 45,000 men ; 600 guns. tion on sending of troops. —United States artillery shell St. Baussant and billets 30 Fighting is resumed on 70 miles of front. north of Boquetan, opposite Toul sector, with gas. March — British hold their position. The French report severe -—London announces LTnited States steamship Chatta- fighting 40-mile front, Moreuil to Lassigny ; vil- hoochie (5.088 tons) sunk off English coast: crew of on Orvillers, Plemont and Plessier de 74 saved. Long range bombardment of Paris re- lages in region of change hands several times ; Germans claim sumed. British positions in Palestine extended 9 Roye progress between the Somme and the Oise. They miles toward Es Salt. Secretary of War Baker pre- capture Beaucourt and Mezieres. sented to King George at Buckingham Palace. —Long range gun again bombards Paris, killing 8 (4 March 36—Battle continues on whole front south of women) ; wounding 37 (9 women, 7 children). Somme; Germans are checked west of Roye and —During the week German submarines sink 3 Italian Noyon. South of Peronne Gen. von Hofacker crosses steamships, of more than 1,500 tons ; 10 small sailing the Somme ; takes heights of Maisonette villages and vessels. of Biache and Belleaux ; Etalon is taken from the March 31—British regain village of Denain; Canadian French and English. In Toul United sector States cavalry and infantry recapture Moreuil. troops drive Germans out of . British re- —Since British flying corps arrived in Italy it has treat on a wide front; Germans under von Below brought down 83 Austrian and German planes and lost and von der Marwitz take Richecourt, Biefvillers. 10. Grevillers, Tries and Miraumont, crossing the Ancre —The Germans continue to advance in the Ukraine, River. Tlie British defeat Turks in Mesopotamia, Capture Poltava and set it on fire. capture 5,000 prisoners, 14 guns, 50 machine guns, —British steamship Conargo is torpedoed in the Irish stores of munitions and supplies. United States cas- Sea and a Greek steamship is sunk by gun fire; 50

ualty list to date : ; Dead 1,383 ; wounded, 706 cap- men are missing from the two. tured, 33 ; missing, 37. —Danish steamship Indian is sunk by a German sub- 37 March —Major Gen. Pershing offers all United States marine about 130 miles north of Azores ; captain and forces for service wherever needed. 38 officers and men lost ; 9 saved. —Lloyd George appeals for American reinforcements. March 31 and April 1—Allied aero squadron throw —The Germans gain foothold in Ablainville and in 13 tons of bombs on railways and cantonments at

Albert ; British recapture Morlincourt and Chipilly, Ham, Chauny and Noyon.

and advance line to Proyart ; Germans slight make April 1—On western front Allies hold their ground, advance east of Montdidier ; are checked in regions and at some points advance ; recapture Hangard-en- of Lassigny and Noyon. Santerre. Germans capture heights north of Moreuil. Odessa reported — captured by Soviet and Ukrainian —In Mesopotamia British advance 73 miles beyond troops. Anah and threaten Aleppo.

British Admiralty : — reports week's losses 28 mer- —French estimate German losses during 11-day of- chantmen (16 over 1,600 tons); 1 fishing vessel; fensive at 275,000 to 300,000. French lose 1 over 1,600 tons; Italy loses 3 over 1,500 —Long distance bombardment of Paris continued ; 4 tons. killed; 9 injured. March 38—Heavy fighting along 55-mile front from the —British Admiralty announces loss of Tithonus by sub- southeast of Somme to northeast of Arras. German marine, with 4 of crew.

drive checked ; in counter attacks French drive Ger- —In draft riot in Quebec 4 civilians are killed and a mans out of villages of Courtemanche, Nesle-St. munber of soldiers wounded.

Georges, and Assainvillers ; in some places from Gav- —In London no hot meals are served between 9:30

relle to Boyelles Germans make slight advances, take P. M. and 5 A. M.. ; and theatres close at 10 :30 P. ^T. Montdidier and push line to Pierrepont. April 3—Between the Avre and the Luce the Allies —British airmen bring down 34 German machines, dis- captured 50 prisoners and 13 machine guns ; near

able 7, and 2 balloons ; bomb Bapaume, Bray and Pe- Hebuterne, 73 prisoners, 3 machine guns ; prisoners ronne; British 19 machines are missing after aero are also taken at Ban-de-Sapt and in raid on Colonne fighting and 4 after night bombing. trench. United States troops on Meuse heights, south —French airmen (27th-28th) drop 18 tons projectiles of Verdun, are attacked with gas and high explosive in regions of Guiscard and pursuit squadrons Ham ; shells. Gen. Pershing reports United States casual- bring down 17 German planes and set fire to 3 cap- ties : Killed by accident, 1 ; of disease, 4 ; wounds, 3 tive balloons. various causes, 2; wounded, 13; total killed in action, —Entire Turkish force in area of Hit, in Mesopotamia, 183; killed or prisoners, 1; by accident, 164; disease, is captured or destroyed; 3,000 prisoners taken (in- 793 ; lost at sea, 237 ; died of wounds, 52 ; various cluding German officers) 10 rifles, ; guns, 2,000 many causes, 39. A Turkish Army begins occupation of machine guns, 600 animals. British forces cross the Batum, Kars and Ardahan, districts in the Caucasus. River Jordan. German prisoners report the bursting of one of the

I.\ long range guns bombarding Paris, killing 5 of the —Germany sends ultimatum, demanding the removal gun crew. Count Czernin, Austro-Hungarian Foreign or disarmament of all Russian warships in Finnish Minister, discusses the 14 laid points down bv Presi- waters by April 12. dent Wilson in Feb. 11 address, approves of them as a —Brig. Gen._ C. C. Williams ordered to Washington to basis of peace, but doubts if Allies will accept them. relieve Brig. Gen. Charles B. Wheeler, who goes to April 3—Ayette is taken bv the Allies; 192 prisoners France as ordnance officer with Gen. Pershing. captured, including 6 officers. British raid northeast April 9 Germans drive in line held by British and of Loos and Poelcapelle. — Portuguese 4% miles on 11-mile front, from Givenchy April 3—British airmen down 9 German machines, drive to La Bassee capture Richebourg-St. Vaast and La- 3 out of control, destroy 1 balloon, losing 5. British ventie ; British repel attacks at Givenchy Fleur- Admirally reports and losses for past week : 13 merchant- bai.x. men over 1,600 tons; 5 fishing vessels; arrivals 2,416; Man-Power Bill, including sailings, 2.379. — a provision for conscrip- tion in Ireland, is introduced in the House of Com- —White Guards capture eastern part of Tammerfors. mons. Finland, and 1,000 prisoners. April 10—Germans cross the Lys between .'\rmentieres —War Council at Washington, D. C, announces that and Estaires; British are forced back north and south all available shipping will be used to rush troops to France. of Armentieres ; French repulse Germans in Hangard. April 10 British and Portuguese, on line from La —40,000 German troops land at Hango, Finland. — Bassee Canal to Armentieres, are forced back six —Capt, James Byford INIcCudden. British airman, age miles; at Messines Ridge, south of Ypres, British re- 33, wins the Victoria Cross. Has been awarded Dfs- tire 2 miles. Li counter attack on Givenchy, British tinguished Service Order, Croix de Guerre, Military take 750 prisoners. Cross and Military Medal; has encountered 54 enemy planes. —The village of Hangard changes hands several times, remaining with the French, who penetrate line north- April 4—King Albert confers upon Gen. Pershing Bel- gian Grand Cross of Order of Leopold. west of Rheims and bring back prisoners. prisoners and —Kaiser Wilhelm confers upon Baron von RiclUhofcn —The Germans claim to have taken 6,000 100 guns. Order of Red Eagle with Crown and Swords for 75 victories. —Secretary Daniels says 1.275 vessels (1,055,116 tons) were added to the navy in the first year of the war. —Ten German attacks at junction of French ;md Brit- German troops at Limburg, Prussia, mutiny, killing ish Armies on the Somme; German forces make — slight advance, occupying villages of Maillv, Raineval 3 officers. and Morisel. —Russian Commerce Commissioner says treaty with takes 300,000 square miles, with 56,000,000 —United States troops now occupy Meuse heights, south Germany of Verdun. inhabitants (32% of Russia's entire population, be- railways, of her iron, —Amsterdam despatch says Allied raid on Coblenz sides one-third of her 73% killed 89% of her coal). 26, wounded 100; that on Treves killed fiO, and on Cologne struck a troop train. —Brig. Gen. Frederick E. Resche, German born, of —Moscow despatch reports Erzerum captured by Ar- Minnesota, in command 34th National Guard, Camp menians from Turks. Cody, N. INT., is discharged from the service for fail- April 5—French improve position in region of Mailly. ing to maintain his command on efficient footing. Raineval and Morisel and in Cantigny; Germans April 11—Germans attack British from La Bassee to occupy village of Dernacourt, reach Albert- Amiens Ypres-Comines Canal and push them back 6 miles on railway, but are driven back. north end of battle front at Estaires and Steenwerck. —Germans claim to have taken between March 21 and British troops retire from Armentieres, which is full 29, 51,218 prisoners; total up to present. 90,000; of gas. 1,300 guns; the Allies deny these figures. —British troops continue advance in Palestine. —Japanese and British forces land at Vladivostok. —A shot from German long range gun strikes found- —Cunard Line freighter Valeria (5.865 tons) reported ling asylum in Paris; kills 4; wounds 21. torpedoed. —United States steamship Lake Moor (4,500 tons) is —United States Army at end of the first year of the sunk by German submarine ; 5 officers, 40 men miss- war totals more than 1,500,000 men. ing. April 6—Germans strike east and south of Cbauny, gain —British in Palestine advance a mile and a half on 5- foothold at Abb' court, and Barisis; sufifer severe mile front, take villages of El-Kefr and Rafat. losses; take Pierremande and Folembray. —German squadron, with several transports, arrives at —The Belgian relief ship Ministre de Smet de Naeyer Lovisa. (2.712 tons) is sunk by a mine in the North Sea;" 12 —Paris despatch states that in an official note a letter

drowned ; 17 saved. of Charles of Austria, written to his brother-in-law —The President at Liberty Loan meeting in Baltimore Prince Sixtus de Bourbon, is made public, in which condemns German treaties forced on Russia and Rou- the Emperor acknowledges the just claims of France mania and says Germany's challenge will be met with to Alsace-Lorraine, offers to support France's claim "force to the utmost." and c.eclares Belgium to be re-established and retain —Long distance bombardment of Paris. her African possessions. Vienna despatch states that April 7—British retake Aveluy Wood and repel attack in an official telegram to the Kaiser the Emperor de- opposite Albert and south of Hebuterne; the suburbs clares M. Clemenceau is "piling up lies," and assures of Chauny and French and British positions near the German Emperor he repels the assertion that he Amigny are taken by German forces under Gen. von recognizes France's claim to Alsace-Lorraine. Boehn, with 1,400 prisoners. April 12—Field Marshal Haig issues a special order —Germans bombard Rheims. of the day, "All positions must be held to the last man." Germans sweep the British and Portuguese ^United States troops in Toul sector repel two Ger- from the line of the River Lys ; they claim to have man raids. Turks take Ardahan from Armenians; captured 20.000 prisoners and 200 guns. Germans at- Constantinople reports Turkish troops advancing over tack near Ploegsteert ; force the British wide area in the Caucasus. from Neuve E.glise. Germans capture British garrison at Armen- April 8—Germans drive French back to the west bank tieres (50 officers, 1 British and 1 Portuguese Gen- of Ailette, take Verneuil and heights east of Coucy-le- eral, 3,000 men, 45 cannon, many machine guns and Chateau. British make slight advance on south bank a quantity of ammunition). LTnited States troops aid of Somme lines ; around Bucquoy are heavily shelled. in the repulse of attack in Toul sector and take 23 —Belgian relief ship Flanders sunk by mine. prisoners. Germans continue to bombard Rheims. ;

—Germans inake air raid on east coast of England. April 18—West of La Bassee and Givenchy 10 Ger- French airplanes down 8 of enemy, damage 23 ; also man divisions (about 125,000 men) attack British bomb railway stations at Jussy, Rove, St. Quentin, on 10-mile front. British hold line and take 200 pris- Nesle, Ham, Guiscard and Noyon. British airplanes oners. The French extend their line to outskirts of bomb and sweep with machine fire gun roads packed Castel ; carry heights west of the Avre ; take 500 pris- with enemy troops ; in air engagements bring down oners ; 15 officers; several machine guns. Man Power 40 German machines ; drive 20 out of control ; 12 Brit- Bill becomes law in England. All parties in Ireland ish machines fail to return. German air raid on Paris oppose conscription; Sir Edward Carson appeals to kills 26, wounds 72; on London, kills S, injures 15. his friends not to take any action likely to impede The House of Commons passes the Man Power Bill, victory, even if it entails Home Rule. containing Irish conscription clause. British Govern- April 18-19 Fifteen airplanes ment Committee of inquiry reports brutal treatment — French drop tons of projectiles on German bivouacs in the region of Ham, of prisoners of war by Germans. The Irish Conven- Guiscard and Noyon. tion presents a divided report to the British Govern ment ; proposes Irish Parliament of 2 houses, the Na- April 19—French claim to have taken 650 prisoners, in- tionalists offer 40% of membership to Unionists; to cluding 20 officers. Germans claim 1,6(K) taken in this the Ulster Unionists would not agree. lighting near Festubert and Givenchy. April 13—Germans capture Rossignol, advance to bor- —United States and French troops raid German line der of Nieppe Wood; take 400 prinoners. French on the Meuse, but find the German trenches deserted. hold Hangard against repeated counter attacks and —German torpedo craft bombard Allied camp and stor- repulse German raids between the Ailette and the age places on coast between Dunkirk and Nieuport. Aisne. — Premier Orlando announces the Italian Army forms British — hold line against massed attack from Armen- right wing of United Allied army in France. tieres to Hazebrouck; Germans driven out of Neuve —Long range bombardment of Paris resumed. Eglise, leaving prisoners, including a battalion com- mander. April 19-20— Seventy French planes bomb stations at

—German troops occupy Helsingfors, Finland. St. Quentin and railways near Jussy ; 7 planes bomb —Amsterdam despatch states that an official statement stations at Montcornet, Asfeld and Hirson. issued by Count Czernin declares that Emperor April 20—Germany, through the Swiss Minister, de- Charles' letter published by the French was falsified. mands release of Lieut, von Rintelen in exchange Emperor William thanks Emperor Charles for his for Siegfried Paul London, under sentence in Warsaw telegram repudiating the statement of Premier Clem- as a spy, threatening reprisals on the Americans in enceau, Germany, if demand is not complied with. LInited —The British and French Governments agree to confer States threatens counter reprisals. on Gen. Foch title of Commander in Chief of Allied Armies in France. April 21 —The Germans claim tod have taken 183 men, —Navy department announces United States steamship including S officers and 25 machine guns ; Gen. Persh- Cyclops, ing estimates losses at 300 to 500. with 293 on board, not heard from since German March 4. —Paris reports that since long range bombardment be- —German troops take Hyving; Finnish White Guards gan, March 23, it has killed 118 and injured 230 (2 take Bjorneborg. days' reports missing). Bertha" (long —British airplanes drop 12 tons of bombs on Menin, ^^'' '^T^',7^,' range gun) bombards Paris Armentieres and the Thourotte railroad junction, ; kills 13 ; wounds 45. —British sink 10 German trawlers. down 6 German machines, disable 3. Large fires are —Turks caused at Chaulnes, Juniville and Bethenville ; 3 Brit- recapture Batum, Russian Black Sea port in the Caucasus. ish machines fail to return. British and French troops land at Murmansk on —Lieut. Fonck, French aviator, brings — down his 34th Arctic Ocean, to German airplane. northern coast of Kola Peninsula, guard against attacks by Finnish White Guards. —Count Czernin, Austro-Hungarian Minister, resigns. Russian Red Guards are co-operating. April 16—United States casualty list to date: killed —Armenians capture Van, in Turkish Armenia. 4/2; died of wounds, S3; b accident, 190; of disease' other —Guatemala National Assembly declares war with Ger- ?03 ; causes, 45 ; missing, 83 ; slightly wounded,' l,o2/. many. —Bolo Pasha, convicted in France of treason, executed. April 22—Baron von Richthofen, the leader of the Ger- —In France men of 19 years are called for training. man flyers, with 80 victories to his credit, is brought —Red Guards evacuate Abo. down behind the British lines and buried with mili- April tary honors. 17—British line on western front holds against Bonar Law presents the budget in the House of repeated attacks; Gen. von Arnim's forces take Poel- — capelle, Langemarck and Zonnebeke. The Germans Commons, calling for $14,860,000,000. claim to have taken in the last few days 2,500 pris- April 23—Major Raoul Lufbery destroys his 18th Ger- oners. — man plane and Lieut. P. F. Baer of Mobile, Ala., his "Big Bertha" kills 9 women and 2 men in Paris. 5th. London — reports Greek and British troops have crossed —United States casualties in France to date: Killed in the Struma, on the Macedonian front, and occupy 7 action, 513; died of wounds, 104; of disease, 924; from towns. accident, 192 ; other causes, 93 ; severely wounded, —United States steamship Florence H. (5,500 tons) 419; slightly, 1,592; missing, 86. blown up by internal explosion while in French port. April 22-23 German destroyer and submarine base at 34 of crew of 75 saved. — Zeebrugge blockaded by the sinking of two old cruis- —Baron Burian appointed to succeed Count Czernin ers, loaded with cement. The British cruiser Vindic- Hungarian Cabinet (Premier, Dr. Wekerle) resigns. tive runs the gauntlet of mines, submarines and British — losses by mine or submarine for the week: heavy gunfire, lands sailors and machine guns and IS merchantmen (11 over 1,600 tons); 1 fishing ves- distracts attention during operations. A similar en- sel; 12 unsuccessfully attacked. Arrivals, 2,211; sail- terprise attempted at Ostend was not successful, the ings, 2,456. British blockading ships grounding and blowing up. —Viscount Milner succeeds Lord Derby as British Sec- British losses at Zeebrugge and Ostend: Killed, of- retary of War; Lord Derby appointed Ambassador to ficers 16, men 144, officers died of wounds 3, missing France, succeeding Lord Bertie. House of Lords 2, wounded 29, men died of wounds 25, missing 14, passes Man Power Bill. wounded 355. ;;

34 • April —Germans attack the whole front south of the —United States steamship Tyler sunk by submarine in Somme, but are repulsed: in later attacks gain Vil- the Mediterranean; 11 lives lost; British steamship lers-Bretonneux, east of Robecq. British retain their Franklyn and two others are torpedoed in same at- line. The Germans gain a footing in the outskirts tack. of Hangard; are checked at Hailles and Senecat —British airmen drop 3% tons of bombs on Bapaume Wood ; capture Viengelhoek Hill, and take French and other targets, bring down 14 hostile machines, prisoners. Check Allied advance northwest of Beth- disable 4, lose 5. Also drop 5% tons of bombs on une. Chaulnes, Juniville and at Caix, and on lock gates -—British Admiralty announces it will discontinue is- at Zeebrugge. suing weekly bulletin of losses and substitute monthly •—In Lower House of Prussian Diet Social Democrat ones. It reports losses in tonnage since beginning motion to restore equal suffrage provision is de- of 1917, for quarter ending March, British, 918,840 feated.

Allied and neutral, 1,619,37.3 ; ending June, British, May 3— French take important positions between 1,361,370: Allied and neutral, 2,336,934; ending Sep- Hailles and Castel ; French and British raid south of tember, British, 952,938; Allied and neutral, 1,494,473; Arras and east of St. Denant. taking guns and pris- ending December, British, 783,880: Allied and neutral, oners ; south of the Avre, Hill 83 and the wood bor- 1,373,843; ending March, ; 1918, British, 687„576 Al- dering on the Avre are taken and over 100 prison- lied and neutral, 1,123,510. ers (4 officers) ; a German attack near Ailette is re- 35 April —Germans assault from Wytschaete to Bailleul pulsed. in Lys salient, French and British lose ground. Ger- —British airmen bomb Thionville railway station and mans capture Hangard. Carlshuttle work.

British sloop Cowslip ; — torpedoed 5 officers, 1 man —United States makes an agreement with Norway missing. for exchange and restrictions of exports to enemy. —French fight their way into Hangard. May 4 Italian airship drops a ton of explosives on —Gen. von Risberg, Speaker in German Reichstag, — aviation ground at Canipo Maggiore. states that on March 34 the Germans missing totalled British mission to United States estimated British 664,104; 336,676 were prisoners in France; 119,000 in — casualties in Picardy since 31 appro.ximate England; 157,000 in Russia and Roumania; the Test March probably dead. 350,000 killed, wounded or missing. Lieutenant April 37—The French win back ground near Kemmel —Field Marshal Lord French named Lord and recapture Locre. of Ireland. —The British capture Kirfa, in Mesopotamia, and 40 —British airmen drop more than 20 tons of bombs on Chaulnes, Tournai and La Bassee railway stations prisoners ; the Turks retreat to Kirkuk, are over- taken by British cavalry, who kill more than 100 and and on Estaires, Marcelcave, Memeo, Comines and take 538 prisoners. Middelkerke; bring down 28 German machines; dis- —British Air Ministry announces that during March able 5 ; anti-aircraft guns shoot down 3 ; 11 British British airmen dropped over the enemy air lines in machines are missing. France 23,099 bombs by day and 13,080 by night. May 5—British repulse German attack near Hinges, Germans in area occupied by British, 517 by day and on western front, and improve line at Sally-le-Sec 1.948 by night. and east of Hebuterne. The French — Government decrees 3 meatless days a May 6—British down 6 hostile machines, losing 1. At week, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday. night British airmen drop 100 bombs in neighborhood April 28—The loss of Kemmel Heights forces British of Bapaume, 1 British machine fails to return to retire. Locre changes hands 5 times ; Germans —Treaty of peace is signed at Bucharest by repre- get footing there, but are driven from Voormezeele. sentatives of Roumania and the four Central Pow- —In Mesopotamia the British force the passage of ers. the Aqsu. —Major Gen. Sir Frederick B. Maurice, recently Di- —The British liner Orissa (5,436 tons) torpedoed in rector of British Military Operations, accuses Premier English waters ; 57 Y. M. C. A. Americans are saved Lloyd George and Chancellor Bonar Law of mis- of 3 crew are lost. stating army strength. —Dr. Sidonio Paes elected President of Portuguese 7 Germans of Brimant cross Aisne Canal Republic. May — south and return with prisoners. April 29—British flyers drop 275 tons of bombs on 7 enemv troops east of Locre. May —Australians succeed in reaching German lines on both sides of Corbie-Bray road, but are driven — In Mesopotamia, British capture Tuzhurmatli and 300 back. prisoners. 30 —Nicaragua!! Congress declares war on Germany and April —British casualties during April : Killed or her allies. died of wounds, officers, 1,631 ; men, 7,733 ; wounded —United States casualties to date : Killed in action or missing, officers, 7,447 ; men, 35,864. (including 237 lost at sea), 643; died of wounds, 134; May 1 —Legion made of the Czechs and Slavs join of disease, accident, from causes, Italians to fight against Austria. 1,005; 320; other 51; severely wounded, 413; slightly wounded, 2,493; miss- —British troops advance a mile west of the River ing in action and prisoners, 122. Jordan, in region of Mezrah; take 260 prisoners. 9 France reports officially Allied tonnage lost —Sebastopol, Russian fortress in the Crimea, occupied May — by German troops. by submarines during April, 381,631. —In vote, on motion made by Mr. Asquith, who in- —Long range bombardment of Paris continues ; 3 wo- men injured. vestigated Gen. Maurice's charges, British House of Commons sustains Lloyd George. —At Versailles, Premiers Lloyd George. Clemenceau and Orlando, with representatives of France, Great May 10—The trenches northwest of Albert, taken by Britain, Italy and the United States, meet in con- the Germans, are recaptured ; the French capture ference. Grivesnes and 258 prisoners.

—Gavrio Prinzip, Serbian assassin of the Austro-Hun- — Italians capture Monte Corno ; take 100 prisoners. garian Archduke Francis Ferdinand, in July, 1914, —The British sink a block ship across entrance to Os- died in an Austrian fortress. tend. 3 May —Australian troops enter Es Salt, capture 33 —The Sant' Anna, Italian transport, is sunk ; 638 sol-

Germans, 317 Turks ; a detached brigade of horse ar- diers and workmen lost. tillery loses 9 guns. —The hearing in Bonnet Rouge case, Paris, completed. XII ; ;;;

May 11 —British raid west of Merville, take prisoners -—The Lord Lieutenant of Ireland announces pro-Ger-

and macliine guns ; German raids east of Ypres and man plot in Ireland; over 100 Sinn Fein leaders ar- near Neuville are repulsed; Germans attack French rested and deported to England. in Bois la gain 19 Australians the Ceuvre ; a footing and are driven May — capture ViUe-sur-Ancre, a mile

out, leaving 100 prisoners and 15 machine guns from Morlancourt ; 300 prisoners, 20 machine guns French raid southeast of Montdidier and northeast German raids in Picardy and Lorraine are repelled of Thioncourt. by LInited States troops. —United States artillery fire causes fires in the villages —London despatches say that the Allied air raid on of Cantigny and St. Georges, held by the Germans. Cologne killed 14, injured 40. —German submarines are warned by wireless not to —Musselman and Bolshevik forces battle at Baku, on return to Ostend or Zeebrugge. Caspian Sea; 3,000 killed, 3,000 wounded. —The Italians attack Col dell' Orso, destroying its —German troops occupy Bjorko, an island in Gulf of Austrian garrison. Finland, 30 miles northwest of Petrograd. —Major Gen. Maurice is placed on retired pay. —Major Raoul Lufbery, American aviator, shot down May 10-11—French bombing machines drop 7,000 kilos by an enemy airplane over Toul. of explosives on railway stations and cantonments —^France protests to Switzerland against recent com- in region of Noyon, Chauny and Flevy-le-Martel. mercial agreement with Germany and threatens to —German air fighting echelon, formerly led by Baron withhold shipments of coal. von Richthofen, shoot down 19 Allied planes. May 30—On south bank of Ancre, British enter Ville- sur-Ancre. May 13—Berlin reports Allied aero losses on German —United States cargo steamship J. G. McCulIough is front during April, airplanes, 371 ; captive balloons, sunk by mine or torpedo in foreign waters. 15 ; admit loss of 123 planes and 14 captive balloons. —In German air raid on London British barrage brings —British anti-aircraft guns bring down 6 German ma- down 4 Gothas ; 1 falls into sea, 3 are lost; British chines, disable 1; British airmen drop 13 tons of casualties. 37 killed, 161 wounded. bombs on railway stations at Lille, Menin, Chaulnes, —German bombing squadrons destroy French munition Peronne and docks at Bruges ; all machines returned. depots near Blargies. —German and Austrian Emperors meet and agree upon Swedish steamship New Sweden sunk by shell fire a close military alliance for 25 years. — in Mediterranean ; its 300 passengers taken off. —Prussian Lower House rejects motion to restore to —Twenty German airplanes raid London; kill 44, in- Franchise Reform Bill provision for equal manhood jure 179; 5 raiding planes destroyed. suffrage. May 21—United States casualties to date: Killed in —In April British airmen drop 6,033 bombs behind action, 755; died of wounds, 194; from accident, dis- enemy line ; Germans drop 1,346 in area held by ease and other causes, 1,379 ; severely wounded, 595 the British, slightly wounded 3,949 ; missing in action and pris- United States casualty list to date : Killed in action, — oners, 294. 712; died of wounds, 172; of disease, accidents and May 31-23—British airplanes bomb Mannheim and de- other causes, 1,331 ; severely wounded, 486 ; slightly stroy chlorine gas plant. wounded, 3,752; missing in action and in prison, 315. May 22—Thirty German airplanes raid Paris ; kill 1, —Germans bombard French lines at night north of Montdidier and between Montdidier and Noyon. injure 12. United States steamship Wakiva sunk, with loss of —Germans bomb neighborhood of Dunkirk. — in collision in European waters. —Italian naval forces enter Pola Harbor and sink an 3, Austrian battleship. May 33—British airmen drop 4 tons of bombs on elec-

tric power station at Karusewald ; 11 tons on air- —German Emperor proclaims Lithuania as an inde- pendent state. dromes and billets and docks at Bruges. —British transport Moldavia, on way to channel port, May 15 Mr. Duval, Director of Bonnet is — Rouge, torpedoed and sunk off English coast; 56 United sentenced to death; the other 6 defendants in court States soldiers killed by the explosion. martial proceedings receive prison sentences of from —First sitting of Russo-Ukrainian Peace Conference 2 -to 10 years. Russian delegates recognize Ukraine as independent British Admiralty regulations, closing fields — by mine state. approximately 23,000 square miles in northern part —British airmen bomb enemy positions, causing 3 fires of North Sea, go into effect. in Mannheim, on the Rhine. May 16—British raid Austrian positions at Canove; May 24—British machines bomb Peronne, Fricourt and Italian infantry enters Monte Asolone, kill or dis- Bapaume and in Somme area, also railways and fac- perse the garrison. tories at Norgunlangen, 13 miles north of Metz. —German airmen attempting to raid Paris are driven —Steamer Inniscarra, bound from Fishguard to Cork, off. torpedoed and sunk; 37 of crew missing. —British airmen bomb Saarbriicken in German Lor- —Troops of German division at Dvinsk mutiny; 50

raine and destroy 5 enemy machines, losing 1. executed ; 1,000 imprisoned. —Two German submarines sighted near Bermuda. —Amsterdam despatch says Germans took 7 Russian battleships when they occupied Sebastopol. May 17—A large Russian transport, with 3,000 on board (many women and children), sunk by a Ger- May 35—Allies bomb billets near Armentieres and Mer- man submarine; only a few hundred saved. ville and ammunition dumps at Vesseneare and the Bruges docks. —German division, near Dvinsk, Russia, mutinies, re- —^The Hetty Dunn, Edna and Hauppauge, United States fusing to go to the Russian front. By order of the merchant ships, sunk by German submarine. commander 50 are shot ; 1,000 held to await court martial. —German superdreadnaught U boat, attacking United States transport, sunk by United States destroyers. —Capt. Antonio Silvio Resnati, Italian aviator, killed May 35-June 14 German submarines sink 19 ships off while flying at an aviation field in New York. — coasts of New Jersey, Delaware. Maryland and Vir- May 18 British airmen raid — Cologne by daylight. ginia. Drive 2 enemy planes out of control. May 36—During Allied raids over Liege, Longdoz rail- —United States steamship William Rockefeller sunk road station destroyed; 36 killed. by torpedo. —English transport Leasowe Castle (9,737 tons) sunk American Minister to China — says Japanese and Chi- by submarine in Mediterranean ; captain, 3 wireless nese Governments have concluded a defensive alli- operators, 6 of crew, 13 military officers, 79 men miss- ance against Germany. ing. XIII ;

May 26—Italian troops break through Austro-German 000 monthly thereafter. Seventy years of penny post- defensive at Capo Sile, on lower Piave front ; take 433 age end in Great Britian, from 'today, 3 half pence prisoners. (3c). May 27 Big drive — begins on western front, Germans June 4— Between the Aisne and the Ourcq Germans drive Allies across the Aisne-Marne Canal, take capture village of Pernant and town of Neuilly-la- Cormicy, Cauroy and Loivre ; Germans attack British Poterie. at Berry-au-Bac and the Frencli by the Chemin-des- —Now reported that ships sunk on June 2 off New Dames ; Germans take Chemin-des-Dames Ridge Jersey coast were Edna (375 tons) Carolina (5,092 near Dickebusch Lake, Germans penetrate French po- tons), Herbert L. Pratt (5,372 tons), Winne Connie sitions, advance in Aisne Valley, reach Pont-Arcy. (1,869 tons), Edward H. Cole (1,791 tons), Jacob H —German infantry cross the Ailette, pierce British lines Haskell (1,778 tons), Isabelle H. Wiley {119 tons), between Corbeuy and the Aisne, take Pinon, Chavig- Hattie Dunn (436 tons), Samuel W. Hathaway (1,- nons. Fort Malmaison, Courtecou, Cerny, the Winter- 038 tons), Hauppauge (1,330 tons). berg and Craonne and the Villerberg. —French and United States forces compel Germans —Italians advance northwest of Prente, take 870 Ger- to recross the Marne,. leaving 100 prisoners. mans and 12 guns, capture summit of Monte Zignolon. —German submarine attacks French steamship Radio- —Lieut.^ Kiel, leading x\ustrian aviator, reported killed liene off Maryland coast; is driven off by United in action. States destroyer. Norwegian steamship May 28—Germans advance in Aisne sector, cross the — Eidsvold sunk by German sub- marine off Virginia Vesle at two points, gain much territory, take numer- Capes ; crew rescued. Bark At- tila and a ous towns and villages; French and British retire schooner torpedoed on way from Gibraltar, British steamship steadily. Germans claim to have taken 16,000 pris- Harpathian blown up oft' Virginia oners. Capes. —United States Secretary of State, in reply to demand —Counter attacks re-establish British line east of Dicke- for release of von Rintelen, says this Government busch Lake ; Germans attack French southeast of does not recognize principles of Soissons; west of Montdidier L'nited States troops retaliation, refuses compliance and reminds Germany that there are many aided by British tanks, take village of Cantigny, and Germans in the United States subject to counter re- hold it against counter attacks. prisals. —Mr. Keronko, Bolshevik representative at Helsing- June 5 Norwegian fors, expelled from Finland, and a pro-German cab- — steamship Vinland torpedoed off inet formed. Virginia Capes. United States freight steamship Ar- gonaut torpedoed off Scilly Island. May 29—Germans take Soissons, with 25.000 prisoners, —Germans advance on south bank of Aisne, take Dom- including 2 generals (1 British, 1 French), also town miers ; United States troops penetrate enemy posi- of Courcy, S miles from Rheims. tions in Picardy and Lorraine ; French counter attack German airplane bombards — Amiens. regains ground near Vingre, take ISO prisoners, drive May 30—Germans advance to within 2 miles of Rheims, Germans from around Chavigny Farm and take 50 German submarine sinks 12 Irish fishing vessels; no prisoners. lives lost. The Agawam, cargo ship, launched at —British airmen bomb Metz-Sablon and railroad sid-

Port Newark, N. J. ; first composite wood and steel ings at Thionville, Armentieres, and Roye stations ship. War Cloud, launched at Jacksonville, Fla. and Zeebrugge seaplane base. States May 31 —German forces north of the Aisne advance to —United troops drive Germans from Neuilly Nouvron and Fontenoy, but fail to cross the Marne. Wood by bayonet charge. United States transport President Lincoln, returning, —British boarding vessel sunk by German submarine, 7 sailors missing. sunk by torpedo off the French coast ; loss, 28 out of 715. June 6—West of Chateau-Thierry United States troops June 1 —Germans attack on whole front between the drive Germans a mile on 2-mile front, take 270 pris- oners United States Oise and the Marne, advance as far as Nouvron and ; and French troops advance in

region of Neuilly-la-Poterie and Bouresches ; Ger- Fontenoy ; attack on Fort de la Pompelle drives out French who counter attack, regain positions and take man attacks at Champlat, heights of Bligny, south- west of Ste. Euphraise and between the Marne and 400 prisoners and 4 tanks ; Germans break through on both sides of the Ourcq River, reach heights of Rheims, are repulsed ; French take Le Port, west of Neuilly and north of Chateau-Thierry. Fontenoy and north of the Aisne, village of Vinly, and regain Hill 204. —British air squadron bombards Karlsruhe. —Germans claim that since May 21 army group of —British airmen bomb railway stations and junctions Crown Prince has taken more than 55,0(30 prisoners at Metz-Sablon, Karthaus and Thionville. (1,500 officers), 656 guns, 2,000 machine guns. 2 June —Germans reach outskirts of Forest of Retz, —Gen. Pershing reports that on western front, between surrounding Villers-Cotterets, retake Faverolles, but April 14 and May 31, Lieut. Douglas Campbell fail in attack on Courcy and Troesnes ; French take brought down 6 enemy airplanes, Capt. Peterson and Hill 153, recapture Champlat and gain ground in di- Lieut. Rickenbacher each brought down 3. rection of Ville-en-Tardenois ; Germans take hei,ghts —United States Marines drive Germans ZVi miles, de- of Passy and Courchamps. German airmen bomb stroy nest of machine guns, capture village of Torcy British Red Cross hospitals. The Te.xel sunk by sub- and force way into Bouresches. marine off Atlantic City, N. J. Schooner Edward —Holland hospital vessel Koningen-Regents sunk in H. Cole and another vessel sunk by submarine off North Sea; a few lives lost. New Jersey coast; crew rescued by steamship Bris- —Germans sent ultimatum to Russia, Russian Black tol. Schooner Jacob S. Haskell sunk by gunfire of Sea fleet must be returned to Sebastopol as condi- submarine ; crew rescued. Herbert L. Piatt, Standard tion of cessation of advance on LIkraine front ; time Oil Co. tank steamship, sunk by German submarine. limit set for June 14. Allied air raid on Cologne kills 146. June 7—LInited States and French troops take villages 3 June —Southeast of Strazeele, British repulse raids, of Neuilly-la-Poterie and Bouresches and Bligny, be- take 288 prisoners and anti-tank gun, 30 machine guns tween the Marne and Rheims, and 200 prisoners." and several trench mortars. British airplanes bomb —Germans occupy Allied positions on banks of the railway stations at St. Quentin, Douai and Lu.xem- Ancre and take 300 prisoners. burg. Italian airmen, on French front, bomb Noyon, —Germans claim to have taken 250 prisoners during Peronne, Rosieres and Nesle. Lord Lieutenant of French advance west of Kemmel. Ireland issues proclamation staying conscription if —Northwest of Thierry LInited States troops advance volunteer 50,000 by Oct. 1, and from 200,000 to 300,- 2J4 miles on 6-mile front. XIV ;

8 June —Artillery activity in neighborhood of Hangard- Authiel. Germans clear Allied forces from west bank en-Santerre and south of Aisne, north of Albert and of the Oise. French are driven south as far as Tra- southeast of Arras. French advance to outskirts of cy-le-Val. Dummard, east of Chezy and north of Neuilly-la-Po- —United States troops complete seizure of Belleau terie. Wood. attacks the —By on Marne, Franco-American troops —Final figures for eighth German War Loan (includ- put Germans on defensive ; United States forces, ing army subscriptions) places total at $3,750,000,000. under Gen. Pershing, capture and hold Bouresches —London announces that German advance has prac- French recapture Locre Hospice. tically ceased. Germans claim to have taken since —1,000 Czecho-Slovak troops reach Vladivostok. beginning of drive on June 9, 15,000 prisoners, 150 —Norwegian steamer Vindeggen sunk by German sub- guns they launch ; attack from Courcelles to north of marine off Cape Hatteras ; steamship Pinar del Rio Mery, between the Aisne and Forest of Villers-Cot- destroyed by gunfire off Maryland coast, no lives lost. terets. Germans takes villages of Laversine ; are re- June 8—United States Government announces about pulsed at most other points? French drive Germans 5,000 Germans interned as enemy aliens ; 349 United back across the Matz and recapture Melicocq. Brit- States prisoners in Germany. ish aerial squadron bombs station at Treves and fac- June 9—New German drive begins on 20-mile front tories and stations at Dillingen. Swedish steamship between Montdidier and Noyon. Germans succeed Dora (1.555 tons) sunk, losing 9 of her crew. in getting a foothold in villages of Ressons-sur-Matz June 14—Germans attack French from Courcelles to and Mareuil, capture heights of Gury, are held on Mery for 8 hours without gaining an inch. Between line of Rubescourt, Le Fretoy and Mortemer and on Soissons and Villers-Cotterets the Germans penetrate front comprising Belval, Cannectaucourt and Ville. on both sides of the road. French troops recapture British airmen — bomb region around Roye and fire Coeuvres-de-Valsery, south of the Aisne. German .•i.OOO rounds of ammunition at infantry. drive west of the Oise is definitely halted. British and French airmen — bomb Nesle and Fresnoy- —Norwegian ships Samsa and Krings Jaa, both small, le-Roye. sunk by U-boat, 90 miles off Virginia Capes; no cas- —British airplanes sink 3 Germ an submarines by drop- ualties. ping depth bombs. —German forces advance in south Russia in force of June 10—United States Marines, northwest of Cha- 10,000 ; Red Guards almost annihilated on shore of teau-Thierry, in Belleau Wood, pierce German line Sea of Azov. two-thirds of a mile on 600-yard front. —Turks occupy Tabriz, second largest city in Persia; The French retire 2 miles — to line of Bailly and ivest United States consulate and missionary hospital of Nampcel. looted. —Norwegian steamer Hendrik Lund sunk by German June 1.5—French drive Germans from Coeuvres-et-Val- submarine off Cape Hatteras. sery, south of the Aisne, and French improve position Austrian dreadnaught — destroyed and a second dam- east of Montgobert; take 130 prisoners, 10 ma- aged by Italian torpedo boat near Dalmatian Islands. chine guns. North of Bethune, British take 196 pris- —Long range bombardment of Paris resumed. oners, 10 machine guns. David Putnam, descendant of — Israel Putnam, brings —Despatch from United States Army in France says down his fifth German plane. United States forces have been occupying sectors on —Germans capture villages of Mery, Belloy and St. battle front in Alsace since May 21. Maur and gain a footing in Marqueglise. Courcelles, —Rome despatch says Austria begins offensive on 90- taken and retaken, remains with French. On centre niile front, from Asiago Plateau to the sea; on Brit- Germans reach south edge of Cuvilly Wood and Res- ish right attacks fail. On left, Austrians pierce Brit- sons-sur-Matz. French take nearly 1,000 prisoners. ish lines for 1,000 yards on 2,500-yard front. Prison- Germans take ridge east of Mery and break through ers taken by British and Italians since beginning of fourth Allied position. Gen. von Schoeler's forces fighting, 120 ofl5cers, 4.500 men. cross the Matz, attack heights of Marqueglise and —Gen. March, United States Chief of Staff, announces Vignemont and advance to Antheuil. On the Oise more than 800.000 United States troops in France. Germans advance as far as Ribecourt. June 16—London reports abnormal quiet after 6 days —Germans claim to have captured since May 27 up of desperate fighting. In local actions French in re- to 75,000 prisoners. gion of Veuilly take 70 German prisoners and a num- June 11—Allies in counter offensive advance on 7-mile ber of machine guns. British raid southwest of Mer- front ris, south of the Somme and between Montdidier and Noyon, retake much near Hebuterne ; take ground; take 1,000 prisoners. 28 prisoners, several machine guns. 600 German —French nearly reach Fretoy, take heights between shock troops attack village of Zivray, in Toul sector, held by Americans, Courcelles and Mortemer; retake Belloy and Genlis and are repulsed without loss. Italian front Wood; reach south outskirts of St. Maur; in centre —On Allies regain all ground lost in first Austrian drive Germans back beyond Loge Farm and Antheuil. rush, except a few places on Piave River. South of Ourcq United States troops capture Belleau Italians reoccupy original positions on Asolone and at Solarola Wood and 300 prisoners. British advance in region Monte salient ; take 3,000 prisoners, in- of Morlancourt, % mile on 1% mile front; take 298 cluding 89 officers. British also are back on original prisoners (5 officers), 21 machine guns. Under Ger- front line. Austrians claim to have crossed the Piave man attacks, French withdraw to west bank of Oise. at numerous points and taken Allied positions on the Piave end on both sides of the —United States casualties to date: Killed in action, OJerzo-Treviso Rail- road, and to have taken 6,000 1,073; died of wounds, 318; of disease, accident and prisoners. other causes, 1,597; wounded —British airmen bomb railways at Armentieres, Es- in action, 4,190; missini^o, 342. . . ^ taires, Commines and Courtrai and docks of Bruges. —United States casualties since entering the war total —Long distance shelling of Paris kills 2, wounds 0. 8,085. —British Admiralty reports between June 6 and 9 (in- — E.xchange of 160,000 French and German prisoners clusive), 10 air raids bombed Thourout, Zeebrugge of war begins through Switzerland. lock gates, Brugeoise works, Bruges docks, Bruges Canal, — Premier Orlando announces to Italian Chamber of Glustelles, Marialter and St. Denis-Westrem airdromes. Deputies that a peace offer of Emperor Charles, in- cluding proposed cession of territory, has been de- June French 12- advance in region of Bellov Wood and clined. St. Maur; take 400 prisoners. Germans get foothold June 17—Germans make unsuccessful attempt to con- on the Matz, occupy Melicocq and adjoining heights struct a foot bridge across the Marne. and gain on plateau west of Dommieres and Cutry. — Premier Radosladoff of Bulgaria resigns and is suc- French are thrown back on front from Le Ployron to ceeded bv ex-Premier Malinoff. XV June 17—British Admiralty reports that 407 ships sunk —British and French advance in Flanders. United by Germans in British waters, January, 1915, to June, States troops hold 8 important positions from Alsace 1918, have been salvaged. to Montdidier. June 18—Troopship Dvinsk, chartered by United States, June 29—Emperor Charles of Austria declines resig- torpedoed by German submarine. nation of von Seydler ministry. — Italians, supported by French and British, regain —British War Office reports casualties for June: Killed ground in the mountains. or died of wounds, officers, 3,619; men, 119.318. —Germans claim to have captured 30,000 prisoners on —Gen. March announces that Metropolitan Division of Italian front in 3 days' fighting. the National Army, "New York's own," under Major —Prince Arthur of Connaught arrives in Yokohama. Gen. Johnson, is holding a sector on the French front. —British Chancellor of Exchequer introduces in House —United States troops of Sanitary Corps arrive in of Commons vote for credit of $2,500,000,000, making Italy. total to date. $36,710,000,000. —Italian forces storm and hold Montede Valbella and June 19—Forty thousand Germans attack Rheims from capture Sasso Rosso. three sides and are repelled vifith heavy loss. Vienna June 38-29—French airmen drop bombs on enemy avia- City Council protests against reduction of bread ra- tion grounds in Sonime section, on bivouacs in region tion. In Bulgaria an anti-German is asked to organ- of Rozieres and Brave, and railroad stations of Sois- ize new cabinet. British Admiralty announces 21 sons, Fere-en-Tarde, etc. German destroyers and many submarines penned at June 30—France recognizes Czecho-Slovaks as an in- Zeebrugge. Paris announces Germans since Jan. 31 dependent nation. attempt 14 raids, with 300 airplanes ; 23 passed French — English and Japanese land at Vladivostock, patrol aerial defensive; 9 of these brought down. Prince streets and enforce neutrality in area where consu- Arthur of Connaught at Tokio presents Mikado of lates are located, while Czecho-Slovaks and Bolshe- Japan with a baton of a British Field Marshal. viki fight, resulting in victory of Czecho-Slovaks. June 20—In Vienna, bakeries looted and bread riots of July 1—United States Marines land at Kola; co-operate daily occurrence. with British and French in protecting railroad and

— Paris issues official statement of airplane losses : Jan- war supplies from Finnish White Guards. uary, France 20, Germany 78 ; February, France IS, July 1—LTnited States transport Covington (16,339 Germany 79; March, France 50, Germany 136; April, tons) torpedoed on home trip, with loss of 6 of crew. France 46, Germany 136 ; May, France 60, Germany July 2—Americans capture village of Vaux ; Germans 356. lose heavily in counter attacks. Former Russian Premier Alexander Kerensky arrives — —Italians begin attack on Monte Grappa ; take many in London. prisoners. —Count Tisza. former Austrian Premier, in speech to —Germany commands Finnish Diet to establish rnon- is only one-third Hungarian Parliament, says there archical rule in Finland, threatening a military dicta- keep population in or one-quarter sufficient food to torship. health. —French troops penetrate German positions north of June 31—Belgian steamship Chillier sunk by German the Aisne; take 457 prisoners, 30 machine guns. coast; 25 rescued. submarine 1,400 miles oi? Atlantic July 3—French advance on 3-mile front; capture 1,000 tank —United States steamship Schurz collides with prisoners. Florida off Cape Lookout; 1 seaman killed. steamship July 4—Australian and United States troops capture United States forces now hold —Gen. March announces Hamel, south of the Somme, and repulse three coun- 39 miles of battle front in France. ter attacks. Washington announces Gen. Semanoff and his Cos- — July 5—British Air Ministry's weekly statement shows sacks defeated in Siberia by Bolsheviks. 122 German machines destroyed, 73 driven out of con- —LTnited States airmen partially destroy bridge over the trol ; British loss, 52; 14 towns raided; airdrome at Piave in Italy. Boulay raided 6 times. Railroad triangle at Metz- 23 French aviators drop behind the German lines June — Sablens 4 times, Mannheim 4, Saarbrucken and Thion- and on German cities thousands of copies of an appeal ville 3, Treves and Frescati 2 ; 7 other towns, includ- tyranny. to Bavarians to revolt from Prussian ing Carlsruhe, once. During same period naval air- June 23—Italians drive Austrians across the Piave, in- men bomb docks, submarine bases and naval works flicting losses estimated at 180,000. Austrians are in at Zeebrugge, Ostend and Bruges. flight from Montello Plateau to Adriatic Sea. —Thirteen United States airmen in fights with 23 Ger- June 34—Major Theodore Roosevelt, Jr., cited for con- man planes, down 3, without loss on western front.

; kill 33. spicuous gallantry in action. —British airmen bombard Coblenz 13 ; wound June 2.5—LTnited States Marines clear Belleau Woods; —Count von Mirbach. German ambassador to Russia, capture 300 Germans. assassinated at Moscow. —Italians, in Piave Valley, capture 2,000 to 3,000 pris- July 6—A German submarine captures Norwegian bark oners. Manx King (1,739 tons) off Cape Race; British —British transport Orissa sunk by two submarines off steamship picks up crew of 19. Irish coast, with loss of 7 or 9 men; both attacking —British air squadrons attack railways at Metz, Sablenz submarines are sunk by gunfire from destroyers and and railroad stations and sidings at Saarbrucken. depth bombs from merchant vessels in the convoy. —French and Italian drive in Albania begins. June 36—In western Siberia, Czecho-Slovaks capture —German seaplanes attack a British submarine ofif the Ekaterinburg, in centre of Ural mining country. east coast of England, killing an officer and 5 men. —Washington gives out summary of United States ma- July 7 —Norwegian sailing ship Marosa (1,832 tons) rines casualties in the fighting of Belleau Woods and sunk by German submarine 1,300 miles east of New

Contigny; 341 deaths (13 officers) ; 759 wounded (39 York. officers) 2 British navy bomb Constantinople. ; missing. —Air forces with —London reports influenza epidemic along German —Czecho-Slovak forces advance 375 miles into Siberia, front. defeat Bolsheviki. capture Chita, an important town June 37—Llandovery Castle sunk on return voyage on the Trans-Siberian railroad. from Canada, 116 miles off Fastnet ; 234 missing. July 8—On western front French attack near Long- ^First contingent of LInited States troops arrives at pont, south of the Aisne; take 347 prisoners. Genoa, Italy; enthusiastically greeted. —Temps of Paris says that up to June 30 Paris was —German airplanes raid Paris, kill 11, injure 14. raided 30 times by German Gothas, bombarded by long wounded (these June 38— St. Peter's Day in the Roman Catholic calen- range guns on 39' days; 141 killed, 432 dar in Catholic churches throughout the world, by totals do not include 66 crushed to death in panic request of the Pope, prayers are offered for peace. during raid of March 11). XVI 8 July —Nikolsk. northwest of Vladivostok, captured by Holland and Switzerland ; commanders of Ll-boats not the Czecho-Slovaks, aided by 1,500 Cossacks and Chin- included. ese and Japanese volunteers. —First Lieut. Quentin Roosevelt (son of Col. Theodore July 9—French attack on 2% -mile front between the Roosevelt) 95th Aero Squadron, First Allied Pursuit Oise and Montdidier, advance a mile and capture 2 Troop, is killed in aerial flight and buried with mili-

well fortified farms ; taking 500 prisoners, 30 machine tary honors by the Germans. guns. —Major Theodore Roosevelt, Jr., wounded and taken to —French and Italians advance 15 miles along Albanian Paris hospital. coast; capture Fieli. —Army and marine casualties since United States en- —Dr. von Kuehlman, German Foreign Minister, re- tered the war total 11,733. signs. —Russian Grand Duke Michael arrives at Kiefl^, capital —Naval airplanes drop bombs on Ostend, Zeebrugge of the Ukraine. and Bruges. July 15—German troops begin their fifth drive on 50- An anti-Bolshevik — government for Siberia is formed mile front, from Vaux to the Champagne region. at Vladivostok. Germans cross the Marne near Dormans. —Finnish Government orders all Jews to leave the coun- —i\mericans withdraw 4 miles to Conde-en-Brie ; they try by Sept. KO. counter attack, driving Germans back to the Marne; Major British — McCudden, star airman, victor in 54 take 1,500 prisoners, including a complete brigade air fights, killed by accident, flying from England to staff. ^ France. —Hayti declares war on Germany. July 10 French troops — attack Marne salient, cross rail- —Czecho-Slovak troops capture Kazan, 430 miles east way and enter Corey. of Moscow, from Bolsheviki. —Socialists in the Reichstag refuse to vote for the —Washington announces that if LInited States troops budget. are in Russia they have been sent from England by —United States aviators penetrate 50 miles into Ger- Foch. man territory, west of Chateau-Thierry. —Five German aviators bomb prison camp in Troyes Lieut. Quentin Roosevelt brings — down opponent in region, kill 94 German prisoners, wound 74, and 2 his first aerial fight. French soldiers of the camp guard. London announces 34 girls — killed in recent air raid on —Two German airplanes bomb IJnited States Red Cross Belgium by German airplanes. hospital at Jonay ; 3 men killed, 9 attendants wounded. July 11—French capture Corey, also chateau and farm —Transport Barunga (7.484 tons gross), outward of St. Paul, south of Corey. bound for Australia, with unfit Australians on board, —Germans capture 5 United States airplanes headed for sunk by German submarine; no casualties. Coblenz. July 16—Southwest of Rheims Germans advance 2 miles July 11 —Germany demands from Holland 60,000 cows, toward Epernay; east of Rheims Germans make 3,000 horses, 10,000 tons of cheese, other products and small gain at Prunay. monthly credit of $2,800,000. July 17—Athens reports Spanish steamship, on which United States steamship — Westover sunk by torpedo Minister Lopez de Vega was returning to Spain, tor-

in European waters ; 10 of crew missing. pedoed by German submarine ; that Germans had been 12 July —Japan makes $250,000,000 loan to Siberia : Jap- officially notified of her sailing and ship flew the Min- anese troops to be provisioned when they reach Vlad- ister's flag. ivostok. July 17—Cunard steamship Carpathia (13,603 tons) •—Italians capture Berat; Austrians flee toward Elbasan sunk by German submarine ; 5 of crew killed. and Durazzo. Allied line now complete from Adri- —Gen. Pershing reports 500 German prisoners captured atic through Albania and Macedonia to Aegean Sea. in United States counter attacks. In Picardy French advance mile on 3-mile front, — cap- —Berlin issues a statement, 33 air attacks made on Ger- ture Castel, Auchin Farm, occupy Longpont, south man towns by Allies during July 13 against industrial

of Aisne ; take 500 prisoners. districts in Alsace-Lorraine and Luxemburg, 4 against —German Chancellor, Count Hertling, von in Reich- the Dillingen and Saarbrueken regions, the rest in stag, declares Germany stood for a righteous peace, Rhine district; 34 persons killed; 37 severely injured; but that speeches by President Wilson and Mr. Bal- 35 slightly injured. four demanding destruction of Germany forced her to continue the war. July 18— Soissons taken and 30,000 prisoners. •—Russian Czar Nicholas slain by Bolsheviki. —Mr. Hoover says United States sent during last year $1,400,000,000 worth of food to the Allies July 13—French forces cross Savieres River, southwest 25-mile front of Soissons. —French and Americans advance on to depth of 3 to 6 miles. United States troops taking a —Gen. March announces 750,000 United States troops dozen villages, 4,000 prisoners, 30 guns. in France, organized into three army corps; Gen. Japan accepts proposal from Washington for joint Hunter Liggett is commander of the First Corps. — intervention in Siberia. New York troops form part of Second Corps. —The Reichstag votes war credits and adjourns. July 19—Germans begin retreat across the Marne. on —British air force during year, beginning July 1, 1017, —Honduras declares war Germany. On Soissons-Marne battle line, French and Americans on western front, destroy 2,150 ; drove down, 1.083. In — same period, working in conjunction with navy, shot capture 17,000 prisoners, 360 guns ; French drive Ger- down 623 hostile machines; daring this period 1,094 mans out of Oeuilly. Italians capture Moulin d'Ar- British machines missing; 93 working with the navy. dre. —On Italian front, from April to June, 1918, British —United States cruiser San Diego sunk by mine, with destroyed 165, drove down 6, missing 13. On Salon- loss of 6. ica front, between January and June, 21 destroyed, 13 —French recapture Montvoisin, advance in Roy Wood driven down, lost 4. In Egypt and Palestine, from and Courtin Wood; capture 400 prisoners, 4 cannon, March to June, 26 destroyed, 15 driven down, 10 miss- 30 machine guns. ing. —Party of LInited States Congressmen arrive in Paris, —Berlin claims to have downed 468 planes in June, 62 France. Herbert Hoover, United States Food Con- captive balloons, losing 153 airplanes, 51 captive bal- troller, arrives in England. loons. July 20—United States troops have taken 17,000 pris- July 14—Agreement signed between Great Britain and oners, 560 guns on the Aisne-Marne front. French Germany providing for exchange of prisoners; offi- take more than 20,000 prisoners. cers, non-commissioned officers and men and those in- —Germans withdraw entirely from region south of the terned in Holland, as well as civilians interned in Marne. XVII ;

July 20— French and Italians push back Germans from July 30—Americans and French lose and regain Cierges mountains of Rheims, beyond Pourcv, and recapture and Beugneux and push ahead 2 miles. Marfaux. —Allied Embassies to Russia, including United States, —The Scotch take the village of Meteras in a surprise removed from Archangel to Kamalaska. daytime assault. — Baron von Hussarek, new Austrian Premier, declares British airmen — cross the Rhine, raid German cities and Austria ready for honorable peace as soon as oppo- destroy 2 Zeppelins. nents renounce hostile plans. White Star Line steamship — Justicia (32,234 tons) sunk —United States and British draft treaty goes into ef- by torpedo off the Irish coast; 11 of crew dead. fect; British and Canadians have 60 days in which to July 21 —Chateau-Thierry occupied by the French. enlist; treaty does not affect Irish or Australians. Franco-American forces advance north of the town July 31 Field Marshal von over miles — Eichhorn, German com- 3 ; storm Hill No. 193 ; advance 1 mile. mander and virtual dictator in the Ukraine, assassm- German submarine attacks and sinks tua: — and 4 barges ated at Kieff. ofif Cape Cod. —Gen. March, United States Chief of Staff, announces —Dr. von Seydler, Austrian Premier, and Cabinet re- discontinuance of all distinctions as to Regular, sign. Na- tional Army and National Guard, and says sole ob- July 22—Fishing schooner is sunk by German sub- ject of armies now is to kill men. marine, CO miles southeast of Cape Porpoise. —Onondaga Indians of New York declare war on Ger- —United States schooner Robert and Richard sunk by German many. submarine off Cape Ann ; none lost. Aug. 1 —United States and French forces advance, occupy —Allies drive Germans from edge of Forest of Nesle area on south between Soissons-Chateau-Thierry road and before Sergy, and straighten out line from Buzancy to Cierges and the Ourcq. On the Marne, United States and and the Meuniere Wood; in cen- ter Americans French pursue fleeing Germans, who destroy villages advance mile and a half on Fismes and supplies. road, from Sergy toward Chamery. French July 23—On the west Americans capture Buzancy and — report taking 33,400 prisoners, July 15 to 31. English report prisoners Jaulgonne on the Marne. French in centre take taken during July, 4,503. Oulchy. On the east British capture Petitchamp Aug. 3—Allies advance on 30-mile to the Aisne and the Wood, near Marfau.x. Vesle, regain 50 villages, obliterate remnant of Marne —French in Picardy capture heights of Mailly-Rain- salient. Germans evacuate positions on front of 3 dal, overlooking Valley of Avre. miles west of the Ancre and withdraw east of that July 24—French and United States troops, in Marne stream. salient, converge from west and south on Fere-en- —Americans reach outskirts of Fismes.. Allied patrols Tardenois. Americans regain Epieds, north of west of Rheims hold Vesle fords. Marne; advance to Courpoil. British repulse attack —Gen. March says it was the Rainbow Division of New at Vrigny. York that last week defeated the Prussian Guard. —Total German casualties since Gen. Foch's drive be- — British ambulance transport Warilda. with 600 ill and —gan estimated at 180,000. wounded soldiers, homeward bound, sunk by Ger- .Several thousand British munition workers strike. man submarine near a British port ; 123 missing. —Japan agrees to all United States proposals for joint — Steamer Lake Portage torpedoed in lat. 47 deg. 46

action in Russia. min. N., long. 4 deg. 44 min. W. ; 3 of crew killed. ^Franco-British airmen bomb Bazoches, Courlandon, —Steamer O. B. Jennings sunk by submarine 100 miles Fismes and Cugnicourt. off North Carolina coast; 1 killed, several injured. From beginning — of present drive to date Allies hav Aug. 4 —German retreat in Aisne district continues taken 25,000 prisoners, 500 cannon, thousands of ma- United States and French troops occupy Fismes and chine guns ; one-seventh of captives are boys of 19. cross Vesle at four points. French occupy St. Vaast. July 25 Allies continue — to close the pocket of the —In Montdidier salient Germans withdraw on 5 to 10- Aisne-Marne salient. British advance southwest of niile front. French occupy left bank of the Avre. Rheims, between the Ardre and the Vesle. French British reoccupy Pernancourt and Hamel. are within 3 miles of towns of Fere-en-Tardenois. Aug. 5—Germans continue withdrawal on the Ancre Americans coming up from the Mauie are 5 miles and the Avre. United States troops complete cap- away. The bulk of the German army is southeast of ture of Fismes. French regain the Amiens-Montdidier a line between Fismes and Pere. railroad. Germans evacuate Lys salient, north of La July 2.5 Steamship Tippecanoe, outward bound, ' 5rpe- — Bassee Canal and east of Robecq, pressed closclv by doed and sunk ; crew lost. British. —Baron von Hussarek, Minister of Education, succeeds —Russian and Finnish delegates meet in Berlin to draw Dr. von Seydler as Austrian Premier. p.eace agreement. July 20—French recapture Villemontoire and take .—Paris again shelled by "Fat Bertha." Oulchy-le-Chateau and several hundred prisoners. Aug. .5 Schooner Gladys Holland Southwest of Rheims Allies lose Mery. British de- — J. torpedoed and 15 miles off Ironbound Island. feat German attempt to retake Metteren. In region sunk LTnited troops land of Epieds and Trugny, United States troops defeat — States at Archangel. the Germans. —Submarine chaser No. 187 collides with another ves- sel near Island, off Virginia sinks ^Lloyd George announces strikers must eithr- work Hog coast, and no lives lost. or fight. London reports the number of strikers in munition factories has been exaggerated. —United States schooner Stanley M. Seaman stopped —Portuguese bark Pcrto sunk by German submarine by a German submarine 100 miles east of Cape Hat- teras, which takes off stores. 550 miles off American coast ; entire crew saved. —United States and French troops advance 10 miles Aug. 6—On Somme salient British put entire German on river sector of Marne salient, shutting off Germans 27th Division out of action. Allies repulse all at- from the Marne. tempts to dislodge them. Rainy weather halts oper- ^Americans clear the woods on north bank and French ations. push eastward. —Roumania sign, treaty of peace with Central Pow- —Seizure of 2 men, accused of trying to blow up a war ers, by vhich she loses province of Dobrudja, on south plant at Irvington-on-the-Hudson. side of Danube, and makes economic concessions. July 29—In Marne salient French and Americans ad- —Dewitt C. Poole, United States Consul General in vance 2 to 3 miles on 20-miIe front, taking many vil- Moscow, destroys his codes and records and turns

lages : Bligne, Ville-en-Tardenois captured on the over business of consulate to Swedish officials.

east ; Cierges and Villers-Argron in center. On the —LTnited States steamship Morak (3,023 gross tons) west French capture Grand-Rozey. sunk by submarine off Cape Hatteras. XVIII ;

Aug. 7—United States and French troops cross the Aug. 13—The Echo de Paris states that since Allied Vesle. British troops advance between Lawe and counter offensive began July 18, Allies have taken Clarice Rivers 1,000 yards and rush German post near more than 70,000 prisoners, 1,000 guns, 10,000 ma- Vieux Berquin, in Lys sector. chine guns. —Lloyd George, in House of Commons, says ISO U- —London announces for the five day fighting on Pic- boats have been sunk; 75 last year. ardy front British have won 277 aerial victories ; Ger- •—Major Gen. Graves is named to command United mans 101. States Siberian contingent. —United States steamship Frederic Kellogg torpedoed; —Fresh mutiny is reported among German sailors at 2 naval reserve men lost. Wilhelmshaven ; SO submarines said to have disap- —French troops occupy Thiescourt Plateau, repulse an peared; 23 leaders of revolt sentenced to death. attack, gain command of the Divette and Oise Val- —German raider sinks Diamond Shoals Lightship No. leys and threaten Lassigny. Roye is being envel- 71. oped by British on the nortli and French on the south. —The President puts in effect law to prevent use of —Norwegian steamship Commerstoedt torpedoed off United States ships or yards by foreign interests. Fire Island. Aug. 8—British and French Armies, commanded by —On the Vesle Franco-Americans are pushed out of Field Marshal Haig, launch new offensive in Somme Fismette, but recover it by counter attack. —French transport Djemnah sunk in Mediterranean; salient ; take Germans by surprise penetrate 7 miles ; occupy many towns; take 7,000 prisoners and 100 442 men missing. guns. — Steamer Frederick R. Kellogg torpedoed off Barne-

gat Light ; 3 killed, missing. —Allied detachments move south from Archangel to 4 Vologda, and attack Bolshevik columns, reinforced Aug. 14—Allies make further gains at both ends of by Germans. A Japanese Lieutenant General is in Somme salient. French capture Ribecourt, and Ger- command. mans evacuate positions at Beaumont-Hamel, Serre, Puisieux-au-Mont and Bucquoy, Aug. 9— Swedish steamship bombed and sunk 100 miles above the Avre. English strengthen positions along Somme, between southeast of Nantucket ; British vessel rescues crew. Etinehem and Bray. —Anglo-French wedge driven 13 miles into flank of Capt. James Fitzmorris of Royal Flying German position south of the Somme. Morlancourt — Corps killed near Cincinnati while flying from Indianapolis to Day- captured and tlie Albert railroad reached, outflanking ton. Montdidier. Germans begin evacuating Lys salient. — Schooner Dorothy Barrett attacked by submarine near British and French take 17,000 prisoners. Berlin ad- Cape May, N. Crew abandon vessel, which takes mits losses, but claims Allied drive has been stopped. J. fire ; no lives lost. —German aviators drop peace propaganda over French lines, with threats to destroy Paris unless France Aug. IS—Canadian troops capture villages of Damery makes peace. and Parvillers, northwest of Roye. British advance northwest of Chaulnes; their patrols enter Albert. —Russian Premier Lenine tells Soviets Russia is at war with the Entente. —French make local gains between the Metz and the Oise Rivers. —Gen. Otani, of Japenese Army, named to lead United Prisoners taken on western front States and Allied troops in Siberia. — now number 30,344. —A summary of results of the Allies' Marne offensive —Allies from Archangel penetrate 100 miles from Arch- shows they captured 200 towns and villages, 1.000 angel along railway to Vologda. square miles of territory and shortened their line First 33 miles. — of United States contingent to operate in Si- beria, 27tli LTnited States Infantry, from Philippines, Aug. 10 United States schooners — Katy Palmer, Reli- lands at Vladivostok. ance and Alida May sunk by German submarine, also —A British column, pushing up through Persia, reaches the Sybil and Mary Sennett of Gloucester, Mass. Baku, on the Caspian Sea. —French capture Montdidier and reach Chaulnes. —United States schooner Madingadah shelled and sunk United States troops capture Chipillv. British ad- by submarine near Winter Quarter Shoals Light Ves- vance toward Braye; take nearly 400 guns and more sel. than 24,000 prisoners. The 27th Division "Empire," •—United States steamer Cubore (7,300 tons) sunk by New York, is with the British Army in Flanders. submarine ; no lives lost. Aug. 11 —French make appreciable progress between the Aug. 16—French and British approach Roye and repulse Oise and the Avre; close in on Lassigny from east counter attack on Damery. British push up the valley and south, and bombard Roye-Noyon road. British on both sides of the Ancre, reach and French fight for Chaulnes. the outskirts of Thiepval Wood. Germans evacuate Vieux-Berquin, —British airmen on second day of Picardv offensive on Lys salient. shoot down 61 German flyers, making total 126 for 2 days. —The Don Cossacks clear left bank of the Don and move south. —Bolshevik leaders prepare for flight, as counter revo- —Large tank steamer shelled off Cape lutionary movement spreads in Russia. Hatteras by a submarine and reported on fire ; entire crew saved. —Aviators report Germans digging in and stringing —United States cargo ship Montanan (6,6S9 gross tons) barbed wire before Franco-American positions on torpedoed and sunk in foreign the Vesle. waters ; 5 men miss- ing. Aug. 11—Estimated that 36,000 prisoners, including ^A second Unifed States transport carrying troops more than 1,000 officers, captured so far in Allied of- from Manila lands at Vladivostok. fensive in Picardy. —United States air squadron of 18 De Haviland ma- —Nine United States fishing boats off Georgia's banks chines (4 type), equipped with Liberty motors, makes sunk by U-boat. successful flight over German lines. —London reports 187 German flyers shot down in Pic- — Paris estimates loss in Germans killed since war be- ardy so far ; the British losing 84. gan at 1,400,000. —British steamship Penistone torpedoed by submarine —The two Kaisers meet at German grand headquarters 100 miles east of Nantucket. in Berlin. Aug. 12 Allied advance slows — up. Americans capture —Reports from Austria to effect that Austria's Con- Bray. French take Gury. stitution will be revised and provision made for —Disorder grows in Moscow. German Ambassador division of Austro-Hungarian Empire into states au- flees to Pskoff. tonomous in home aft'airs. —Norwegian steamer Soinerstad sunk by torpedo 2S —United States steamer Westbridge (8,800 tons) sunk miles off Fire Island; no casualties. by torpedo with loss of 3. XIX ;

Aug. 16—British steamer Escrick (4,151 tons) torpedoed Aug. 23—British airmen bomb Karlsruhe; 9 killed, 6 in- about 500 miles off French coast; 13 of 37 picked up; jured. rest missing. —Australians take Chugues and Chugnolles Valley and Aug. 17 United — States cargo ship Joseph Cudahy tor- 4,000 prisoners, including 3 battalion commanders; pedoed -about 700 miles from English coast; 13 of shoot down 3 low flying German air machines by air crew rescued ; 63 missing. machines. British airmen attack airdrome at Buhl French — capture plateau north of Autreches, between and railway junction at Treves. the Somnie and the Marne salients. —Germans defeated on 50-mile front by British and Americans — in the Vosges, east of St. Die, capture vil- French from the Cojeul to the Ailette, losing many lage of Frapelle. towns, men and guns. —Japanese troops land at Vladivostok. — British airmen bomb Frankfort, Cologne and Mann- —A belated message tells of capture of Irkutsk by the heim. Czecho-Slovaks. —Gen. Foch receives his baton as a Marshal of France —A message via Berlin says Soviet troops have sur- from President Poincare. rounded and are bombing Kazan. — Gen. Semenoff. with force of Czecho-Slovaks, defeats British Admiralty — reports 2 destroyers sunk by mines, a Magyar-Bolshevist force at Montsievskaia. Siberia. with loss of life. —Bray, La Boisselle, Orvillers. Mouquet Farm, Thiepval French — cruiser Dupetit Thouras sunk by U-boat. and Grandcourt are captured with 2,000 prisoners. —Austria denounced British recognition of Czecho-Slo- West of Fismes United States troops carry line as vaks as a nation and says they will be regarded and far as Soissons-Rheims road. treated as traitors. —Two seaplanes collide in fog off Fire Island; 3 of —Gen. March says there are 1,450,000 United States crew missing. soldiers in expeditionary forces in all parts of the —Gen. Haig continues advance from the Ancre to world. the Somme. British capture Sapignies and Behag- —Norwegian steamship San Jose sunk by submarine; nies, towns north of Bapaume. Welsh troops capture no lives lost, and bark Nordhav off Cape Henry. Mametz Woods. French are in possession of entire Aug. 18—Americans in village of Frapelle, on western south bank of the Oise and the Ailette River, from front, repulse enemy patrol raids and make advances the Oise to Pont St. Hard. in spite of Germans throwing .2,500 shells. Aug. 24—United States troops advance east of Ba- —Forty survivors of torpedoed British tanker Mirlo zoches ; repel German raid in the Vosges. reach Norfolk minus all their clothes, after having —Austrian airmen bomb city of Padua. fought their way through a sea of burning oil; 10 —British advance toward Bapaume, in Picardy. on 30- were burned to death. mile front; capture Thiepval, take Bray, La Boisselle, Aug. 19—French reach outskirts of Lassigny. British Moquett Farm and Grandcourt; surround town of capture Roye, a railroad station. In Lys salient Brit- Miraumont. United States troops advance on half- ish advance on a front of 10 miles and enter Mer- mile front to Soissons-Rheims road. ville. Northwest of Soissons French capture 2,200 —Submarine chaser No. 209 shelled and sunk by a prisoners. steamship, Felix Taussig, by mistake; commander —Aviation statistics for four American squadrons up and 15 of crew missing; 4 killed, 5 injured. to Aug. 1 show 59 German planes downed, exclusive Aug. 25—British advance 10 miles on 30-mile front, of Lufbery's. capture La Boisselle, take over 17,000 prisoners; at- Aug. 20—Marshal Foch begins drive on 15-mile front tack Bapaume defenses, take Warlencourt. Sapignies

between the Aisne and the Oise ; advances nearly 3 and St. Leger. French occupy entire south bank of

miles ; captures a dozen villages and 8,000 prisoners. the Oise, west of the Ailette and the Ailette River,

—Czecho-Siovak forces in Western Siberia capture from the Oise to Pont Mt. Marel ; drive Germans from Shadrinsk. on the Siberian Railroad, east of the Urals. the plateau of Andignicourt, Nanpcel and Carlepont —Major dAnnunzio, Italy's poet-airman, flies 100 miles and from heights west of the Ailette. across the Adriatic to Pola, the Sea Austrian naval —German submarine sinks United States schooner F. J. base, and drops 14 bombs on the arsenal. Flaherty and Canadian fishing vessels E. B. Walters, •—Steam trawler Triumph is captured by a submarine C. M. Walters and Morris B. Adams ; no lives lost. and converted into a raider to prey upon fishing ves- Aug. 25, 26, 27, 28—Allied war planes bombard Con- sels. stantinople 4 times in 3 nights. Aug. 21 Gen. March announces 33 United States army — Aug. 26—British take Monchy and other towns on old divisions on French soil. Hindenburg line and 1,500 prisoners. French cap- British troops capture Albert, — in Lys salient: reach ture Fresnoy, near Roye, and defeat an attack by outskirts of Neuf-Berquin. French front widen on Prussian Guards on the Ailette. south bank of Oise; cross the Ailette; approach for- —British air raid on Mannheim damages chemical est of Coucy, north of Oise; reach Divette River; plants. take a large number of guns and prisoners. Lenine, Bolshevik Premier of Russia, and Trotsky, -— Paris reports capture of 100,000 Germans on western — War Minister, reported to have taken refuge on ves- front since July 19 ; defeat of 6 German armies since sels at Kronstadt and Petrograd respectively. Aug. 15. 27 —The Lake Eden torpedoed and sunk in foreign waters Aug. —French capture Roye, take 1,100 prisoners. 6 killed, 7 missing. French extend line on Oise nearly a mile. British —United States bombing airplanes drop 38 bombs on again pierce Hindenburg line; capture Dompierre Confians, a town on Verdun-Metz railroad. and Montaubin and enter Bapaume. South of Somme Canadians take 2,000 prisoners. —Allied airplanes kill 5, injure 3 and damage private property at Cologne. — Count von Bernstorff appointed German envoy at Constantinople. Aug. 23—At Paris a barge loaded with 540 tons of gas- oline, belonging to United States expeditionary forces, Aug. 28—Allies advance on Somme front. French take takes fire. Chaulnes and Nesle, 40 villages, reach Canal du Nord. —Allied representatives at Archangel announce they British capture Trones Wood and outflank Arras- have come at invitation of rightfully constituted Rus- Cambrai road. Canadians on the Scarpe take 2,000 sian Government to expel the Germans and overturn prisoners. Germans attack Fismette. the Lenine-Trotsky peace treaty. —Gen. March says United States troops and Allies in —The Gasconier, a Belgian Relief Commission ship, on 8 weeks since July 1 have taken 102,000 prisoners, way to Belgium, outside war zone, with cargo of food, 1,300 guns. War Department estimates on basis of in period must sunk by submarine and lifeboats fired on ; officer and prisoners captured that Germany same 5 men killed; others wounded. have lost nearly 350,000 killed and wounded. XX Aug. 29—British take Bapaume. French take Noyon. Sept. 6—British advance 3 miles on 12-miIe front east of Gen. Mangin crosses the Oise; captures Morlincourt. Peronne. United States and French troops capture Juvigny, but •—British transport Persic (12,042 tons) carrying 2,800 lose Cbavigny. British capture Ginchy and outflank United States troops, torpedoed by German subma- Peronne. British have taken since Aug. 21, 26,000 rine 200 miles off English coast; all on board saved. prisoners. Sept. 7—General retreat of Germans on front of 100 Aug. 30—British capture Bullecourt and reach Wotan miles, Arras-Cambrai sector to Rheims. British line. Germans retreat from Flanders. British oc- advance 9 miles beyond the Somme ; take Haucourt,

cupy Bailleul ; capture Conblis and advance toward Sorel-le-Grand and Metz-en-Centerre. French cross Peronne. United States and French retake Chavigny St. Quentin Canal; take Tugny Bridge and station at and extend line east of Coucy. St. Simon, also Tergniar, 3 miles from La Fere. Brit- —United States steamer Omega (3,6a6 tons) torpedoed ish airmen bomb Mannheim, poison gas center.

and sunk ; 29 missing. Sept. 8—Allies advance 3 miles toward St. Quentin. Aug. 31— British capture Mt. Kemmel, southwest of French advance within 2 miles of La Fere. British Ypres and Mt. St. Quentin, and 1,.500 prisoners. occupy Villeveque, Roisel and Ste.-Emilie. United

French cross Canal du Nord, in Somme region ; cap- States troops take village of Glennes. ture Chevilly. Sept. 8— During first week in September British take —Nicholas Lenine, Bolshevik Premier, wounded twice 19,000 prisoners. by assailant. —United States refugees from Russia reach Stockholm. — Spanish steamship Ataz-Mendi, carrying coal from — Secretary of War Baker, John D. Ryan, Director of

England to Spain, torpedoed and sunk ; no lives lost. Aircraft Production and Surgeon Gen. Gorgas ar- Spain seizes all interned German vessels. rive in Paris for war conference. Sept. 1 —United States troops advance about 2 miles be- Sept. 10—French close on south end of Hindenburg

line ; take Gouzeaucourt and yond Juvigny ; take 600 prisoners. Allies take Pe- Wood occupy Vermand ronne. Australians take 2,000 prisoners. Allies ad- and Vendelles. French again cross Crozat Canal, op- vance from south of Somme to Lys salient in Flan- posite Liez; hold entire length of canal. ders. French advance north of the Ailette; gain foot- —All British and French Consuls throughout Russia hold in wood west of Coucy-le-Chateau; take Crecy- controlled by Bolsheviki are imprisoned. Soviet Gov- au-Mont and 1,000 prisoners. ernment offers to exchange diplomatists with Eng- —During August British take 57,318 German prison- land, provided she guarantee safe conduct of all ers (1,283 officers), 657 guns, over 5,790 machine Russians held in London. guns, over 1,000 trench mortars, 3 trrains, 9 locomo- —Five hundred and twelve counter revolutionists at tives. Petrograd shot in reprisal for killing of Moses Uritzky. Bolshevik Commissioner, and 35 land owners —British advance in Macedonia north of Alcakmah and west of Vardar River. put to death on account of attack on Premier Lenine. Sept. 10 French close on south end of Hindenburg Sept. 2—On western front Allied forces have taken — line ; now less than 4 miles from St. Quentin, 2 from since July 15, 128,302 prisoners, 2,069 guns, 1,734 mine La Fere, 1 from St. Gobain. throwers, 13,783 machine guns. —British airmen bomb U-boat shelters at Bruges and —British nierce Droecourt-Queant line; take LeTrans- docks at Ostend. loy, Dury, Cagnicourt and Bois-le-Bouche. Cana- —Baron Burian, Austro-Hungarian Foreign Minister, dians gain over 3 miles. English reach outskirts of in address to Vienna newspaper men, says military de- Beugny, and take Villers-au-Fois. English and Aus- cision by Central Powers is doubtful, and proposes tralians drive Germans from St. Pierre-Vaast Wood calm exchange of views with the Entente Powers. and take villages of Allines and Haut-Allines. French —Ambassador Francis reports recent supplementary occupy Neuilly, Terny, Sorny and advance north of between and Russia, which requires Crony. treaty Germany expulsion of Allies from Russian territory and pay- —British airmen bomb airdrome at Buhl. ment of 6,000,000 marks by Russia to Germany. Sept. 3 Germans flee from the Scarpe to the Somme. — — Steamer Berwind sunk by German submarine; 4 of Gen. Haig captures 16,000 men. British advance be- crew lost. tween Epehy and Vermand and break through Wotan Sept. 11—French capture Travecy, on Hindenburg line, switch line. 2 miles north of La Fere. British advance near to United States cargo ship Lake Owens (2,308 gross — Cambrai and St. Quentin. Germans counter attack tons) sunk by gunfire in foreign waters. Franco-Americans and suffer heavy losses. United States steamer Frank H. Buck sinks a — sub- —On western front during month of August French marine in mid-Atlantic by gunfire. bombing machines bring down 280 German airplanes Sept. 4—On west front British cross Canal du Nord, and 66 captive balloons. push down from Queant to within 6 miles of Cam- —Bolsheviki advancing toward Ekaterinburg, east of brai. French gain northeast of Noyon and cross LIral Mountains, are defeated by Czecho-Slovaks and Vesle on 20-mile front. Siberian forces ; lose 1,000 men, 3 armored trains and —Despatches to United States State Department an- 11 locomotives, 60 machine gur:s. nounce destruction of Bolshevik army east of Lake —French repulse 6 German attacks in region of Laffaux Baikal. The Omsk Provisional Government declares and Celles-sur-Aisne. British advance in direction of war on Germany. All Americans in Petrograd re- Attilly and Vermand. ported safe. Sept. 13—British advance near Cambrai and around —Powder factory at Plauen, Saxony, blows up. Out La Bassee. Gen. Pershing's forces practically wipe of 6,800 women employed, 13 escape. out St. Mihiel salient; take 12,000 prisoners, 60 big Sept. 5—Allies advance on 90-mile front. British from guns. The railway, Verdun to Toul and Nancy via below Peronne to Equancourt take Hill No. 63, be- St. Mihiel, intact and open to the Allies. Secretary yond Wulverghem and Ploegsteert. French advance Baker and Gens. Pershing and Petain visit St. Mihiel beyond Canal du Nord, from above the Nesle to north a few hours after its capture. of Noyon. —Allied airmen bomb Metz and Courcelles. — Since Aug. 1 British have taken about 70,000 prison- Sept. 15—British capture Maissemy, northwe.st of St. ers. French and Americans about 40,000. Quentin. United States troops advance 2 to 3 miles

-—United States troops advance over plateau between the on 33-mile front ; capture 200 cannon in St. Mihiel Vesle and the Aisne. wedge. Fortress of Metz opens fire on Allied forces. —United States steamer Mount Vernon struck by tor- —British steamship Galway Castle sunk by U-boat; 120

pedo 200 miles off French coast ; 35 men killed by lost, 90 of them women and children. explosion; reaches port by its own steam. —Germany makes peace offer to Belgium. XXI ; ;

Sept. 16—Britisli cross St. Quentin Canal in two places; —Allied air forces bomb Mannheim, Karlsruhe, Bolnay, take 6,00 prisoners. British and French advance 2 Frascaty and Mohange. to 3 miles on 21-mile front. United States and Brit- —In Central Macedonia, Serbs advance 12 miles, taking ish flyers raid Lorraine territory with bombs ; many 16 villages. German and Bulgar reinforcements arrive. giant Plandley-Paige machines nsed by Americans. Sept. 21 —French troops take town of Benay, south- —Germans, aiding Bnlgars in Macedonia, defeated by east of Essigny. British improve position west of .Serbs, who take 4,000 prisoners, 50 guns. Messines and south of Ypres. British yield in some Nine Coast Guard men of United States Seneca die places, — but make net advance ; take 400 prisoners. in trying to save British steamer Wellington, torpe- The Americans now 10 miles from Metz and the same doed. from Conflans. —British advance in neighborhood of Ploegsteert and —Serbians, east of Monastir, advance 5 miles, occupy \ pres and north of Arras-Cambrai road. French 10 villages. capture Vailly and Mont-des- Singes, one of the keys —Gen. March, United States Chief of Staff, says 1,750,- to Laon. United States forces establish ney line on 000 soldiers have been sent abroad. St. Mihiel front, engineers repair highways in salient, —United States Government directs its Ambassadors preparing for further pursuit of Germans. and Ministers in neutral and Allied countries to as- —In Macedonia, British begin drive on 10-mile front, certain whether Governments to which they are ac- carry first and second Bulgar lines ; take 800 pris- credited will join in immediate action to protest oners and 10 .guns. against Russian terrorism. —Czecho-Slovaks appeal for Allied help to hasten. —Japanese Cabinet, headed by Field ]\Iarshal Count Sept. 18—United States rejects Austro-Hungarian peace Terauchy, resigns. proposal. Sept. 22—United States troops make 2 raids on Ger- —United States steamer Buena Ventura torpedoed on mans northeast of St. Alihiel; take 34 prisoners, 2

voyage, Bordeaux to Philadelphia ; 3 boats with 64 machine guns. men missing. — Serbian forces advance in region of Cebren, take high Sept. 17—Germans strengthen trenches in front of St. crest near Porta and Czena. Mihiel .salient; burn towns in Moselle region. —In Palestine, Gen. Allenby advances beyond Nazareth, — In Macedonia, Allies advance 5 miles on i2-mile front taking 1S,0(X) prisoners, 120 guns, much ammunition. take Gradeshnitza, 3,000 prisoners and 24 guns (Jugo- —The Havas Agency, chief French news bureau slav division fi.ghting with the French). says Allies took 185,(XX) prisoners in last 2 months, — Serbians reach Koziak. and estimates enemy's losses of men unable to return to the ranks at 600.000. — Italians niake 5 attacks on Tassen Ridge ; are repulsed by Austrians. Sept. 23—On western front 2 British airmen in 1 ma- 18 chine capture 65 Germans, directing them to the Brit- Sept. —British advance 3 miles ; take Epehy, Peiziere ish lines. On Lorraine front and Gauchy Wood and 6,000 prisoners. French gain "American Flying Cir- cus" accredited over a mile. now with 137 aerial victories. —In Macedonia, northeast of —Franco-Serb forces advance 10 miles on 20-mile Monastir, French cav- alry capture Prilet. In Doiran region front; cross Gradeshnitza; take 4,000 prisoners. Uni- Anglo-Greek forces ted join with Franco-Greeks in pursuit of Bulga- States tanks attack on the St. Mihiel salient ; enter rians. Anglo-Greeks reach villages of Nousard, Pommes, La Marche and Binney. Smokvitsa, an advanceof 10 miles. Sept. 19 English troops take Lenipier and Gauchy — — In Palestine, British cavalry capture Acre and Es Wood. Australians carry Hindenburg outposts in Salt and Port of Hisa. Arab Allies take Malan pris- front of Hargicourt, Villeret and Le Vergnier. ; French oners in drive exceed 25,000. reach Dallon, beyond FranciUy and Salency, 2 miles Sept. 24—Count von Hertling, in Reichstag, declares from St. Quentin. Germans counter attack on north- public discontent in Germany not justified by military ern part of British front and on French front in Sois- situation on western front ; he admits the situation is sons sector. grave, but says: "We have no cause to be faint- —In Macedonia, Serbs penetrate Bulgar defenses 25- on hearted; we have already had to pass through mile harder front; advance 15 to 17 miles; take 5,000 pris- times." oners, 80 guns. Sept. 25—On western front British occupy Village —General Allenby, in Palestine, attacks Turks on 16-mile of Selency; make slight advance near Inchy west of front; breaks through between Rafat and the sea and Cambrai. In same sector French take 10 German offi- advances 12 miles ; takes 3,000 prisoners. cers and more than 500 men ; take by assault the Vil- —British evacuate Baku, on the Caspian Sea, and with- lage of I'Epine-de-Dallon. United States long-range draw to Persian base. guns bombard Metz and civilians begin packing. —German Ambassador, in Vienna, presents Germany's —On the Macedonian front Bulgarians are retreating on reply to Austro-Hungarian peace note, and says Ger- 130-mile front; whole of Monastir- Prilep-Gradsko many is ready to participate in proposed exchange of road, connecting the two Bulgar armies, is in the ideas. hands of the Allies. Italian troops in western Mace- 20 Sept. —On the western front British retake Moeuvres. donia occupy heights north of Topolchani, between —Since Sept. 18, 18 German divisions have been de- Monastir and Prilep. feated by United Kingdom and Australian troops; —London announces officially 40,000 prisoners, 265 10.000 prisoners and more than 60 guns taken. guns, taken by Gen. Allenby's forces in Palestine. —British Air Ministry reports 60 tons of bombs dropped —Ottawa issues statement Canadian net war losses to on German territory in 5 days, chiefly poison gas and Aug. 1, 115,806 (this includes killed, died of wounds, airplane factories at Mannheim, at Daimler works missing, prisoners of war, and men discharged as at Stuttgart, railway station at Frankfort and docks medically unfit). and sidings at Karlsruhe; 101 German machines de- —British airmen bomb Frankfort and German air-

stroyed, 37 disabled ; British losses, 50. dromes at Buhl and Kaiserlauten. Austrian U-boat sinks French Russian Bolshevik — submarine Circe ; sec- — Government issues decree to end ond officer the only survivor. reign of terror and return to orderly methods. enemy submarine —An captures United States steam Sept. 26—United States troops, on 20-mile front, ad- trawler Kingfisher after torpedoing it, 95 miles oi¥ vance 7 miles between Argonne Forest and Verdun

English coast ; the crew escapes. take 12 towns, 5,000 prisoners. Left of the Ameri- —United States steamer Ticonderoga (5,130 tons) sunk cans, French advance 4 miles retake strong positions. by submarine in midocean without warning; 10 offi- British occupy in — Amman, Palestine ; hold the River cers, enlisted 102 men lost ; 2 oflScers, 5 men taken Jordan: with the Arabs surround 4th Turkish Army prisoners. of 25,000; prisoners now number 45,000. XXII ;;;;

—Serbs capture Veles, 25 miles southeast of Uskub and — Pruice Maximilian of Baden succeeds Count George Istip; also take Kochana. British capture Strumitza, F. von Hertling as German Premier. G miles across Bulgarian front. Oct. 1—Field Marshal Haig reports British forces dur- Naval patrol boat — Tampa torpedoed and sunk in Brit- ing September took 66,300 prisoners, including 1,500 ish Channel, with all on board (118). officers, 700 guns, thousands of machine guns"; total —On western front British airplanes bomb railways of captures August and September 123,618 prisoners, Metz-Sablon, Andun-Ie-Ronian, Mezieres and Thion- including 2.783 officers, about 1,400 guns. ville, and the Frescati airdrome. —Gen. Debeny's cavalry (French) enter St. Quentin at Sept. 27—British attack on Cambrai front, take Epinay heels of retreating Germans. Cambrai in flames. and Oisy-le-Verger and 500 prisoners. Canadian di- Gen. Plumer (Belgian) crosses the Lys ; takes Co- vision passes Haynecourt, reaches road. Duai-Cambrai mines ; he is only 6 miles from Courtrai. Belgian United States forces take , Very, Epinon- forces nearing Bruges. Gen. Gouraud continues ad- ville and Ivoyry. French and United States forces vance in Champagne district. United States forces advance 2 miles on 20-mile front ; capture 20 towns battle with Germans in Argonne region. British cap- take 18,000 prisoners. ture Levergies, and with Canadians, Proville and Til- —Gen. Allenby takes 5,000 Turk prisoners and 350 guns. lay, and clear enemv from high ground south of Le —Bulgaria applies to British Government for an armis- Catelet. tice. Gen. Francliet de Esperey, in command of Al- —Since Sept. 26 French have taken 13,000 prisoners lied armies in Macedonia, telegraphs the French Gov- between the Suippe and the Argonne. ernment that Bulgarian officers had applied for 48- —Gen. Pershing reports United States airmen since hour armistice, that he had refused to suspend hos- Sept. 26 have brought down on western front more tilities, but would receive delegates. than 100 hostile planes and 31 balloons. Sept. 28 Gen. Haig's — men cross Scheldt Canal, cut —Gen. Allenby captures Damascus and takes 7,000 Cambrai-Douai road and now within 2 miles of Cam- Turks. Since Sept. 20 AUenby's forces have marched

brai ; take Highland and Welsh Ridges, capture Noy- 130 miles ; taken over 50,000 prisoners ; destroyed 3 elles-sur-L'Escaut, Cantaing and Fontaine-Notre- Turkish armies. Arab forces are fighting with Allies Dame. French on Aisne front capture Ft. Mal- in Palestine and Syria.

maison ; take Somme-Py, Jouy and Aizi. Canadians Oct. 1-2—German airplane bombards a French hospital take the villages of Raillencourt and Sailly. United at Chalons ; many French soldiers killed and wounded. States troops advance 2 miles to outskirts of Brieulles Oct. 2 and Exermont. United States batteries hit 2 trains —Serbian troops enter Nish. loaded with German troops entering Brieulles. Bel- —Paris says officially Allies captured July 15 to Sept. 30 5,518 officers, 348,494 men, 3,669 cannon, gian and British troops advance over 4 miles ; take more than Houthulst Wood and most of Barchaentall Ridge. 23,000 machine guns, hundreds of mine throwers. Sept. 28—Panic on Budapest Bourse and peace riots in —North of Cambrai New Zealand and Anglo-Scottish Berlin during which many statues are smashed. troops drive enemy from Crevecoenr and Rumilly. —Von Hertling resigns as Chancellor and Admiral von —Australian troops, northeast of Damascus, capture

Hintze as Foreign Secretary. Turkish column ; take 1,500 prisoners, 2 guns, 40 ma- cliine —Week's British losses : Officers killed or died of guns.

wounds, ; ; 432 men, 3,936 officers wounded or miss- Oct. 2—New York troops force back Germans in Ar- ing, 804; men, 19,757. gonne Forest. Armies of Gens. Gouraud and Berth- 29 Sept. —An English division swims St. Quentin Canal elot continue advance on front east and west of pierces Hindenburg line nortli of Bellenglise (only 1 Rhei?ns ; reach Aisne Canal, pass beyond St. Quentin. drowned) take 4,200 prisoners ; (1,000 in Bellenglise Germans recapture Esriuehart on British front, other- Tunnel), 70 cannon, over 1,000 machine guns. Total wise whole of Hindenburg system below Bellicourt British casualty list, 800. Tunnel in hands of British. British advance 3,000 —French take Revillon, Remain and Montigny-sur- yards southeast of Roulers; take RoUeghemcapelle. Italians, Vesle. north of the Aisne, capture Soupir. French occupy PouUoin, and take forts of St. Thiery Between Bellicourt and Gonnelieu, United States, Aus- and St. Quentin. North of Vesle River capture Ron- tralian and English troops gain ground. At Bonyard, cy, Guyencourt, Bouffignereux, Villers-Frangueux, Villers-Guislain Germans make slight advance. Al- Cauroy and Courcy. French troops pierce over 5 lies forced to withdraw from villages of Aubendreul- miles of barbed wire and take Challerange (important au-Bac and Arleux. railway junction), northwest of Rheims ; take Cor- —10,000 Turks surrender to British at Zaza station, Pal- micy; reach Aisne Canal, between Conavreux ai'd La estine. Neuvillette ; take 2,800 prisoners ; in center Gen. Ber- Sept. 30 —Belgians capture Roulers ; take 300 guns. thelot captures Loivre.

British Gheluive ; occupy take 97 guns and within 2 —Thirty Italian naval units and a larger number of miles of Nenin. French reach the Oise-Aisne Canal airmen bombard town and harbor of Durazzo, in capture half of Chemin-des-Dames and 1,600 prison- Albania. ers. British advance continues in St. Quentin-Cam- Oct. 3—Latest summary of war material taken by brai sector ; take Thorigny, Lie Tronquoy and Gon- United States troops in Argonne section shows 120 nelieu. British again cross Scheldt Canal and take guns, 2,750 trench mortars. 300 machine guns, 100 Crevecoenr, 4 miles south of Cambrai. anti-tank guns, thousands of shells, hundreds of thou- ^On Verdun front, 18 United States pursuit planes sands rounds of small arms ammunition. battle with 25 German Fokkers and bring down 7 On western front in ending losing none. — week today Allies have taken 60,000 prisoners and 1,000 guns. -—United States steamer Ticonderoga torpedoed in mid- —British troops are in Lenz and Armentieres and with- ocean ; 2 army officers, 09 seamen, 10 navy officers lost. in 7 miles of Lille. —British forces surround Damascus, in Palestine. United States —Secretary of State Lansing, in reply to Germany's — cargo steamship Lake City (3,500 tons) threat to execute United States prisoners of war collides with oil tanker James McKee off Key West sinks; found with shot guns, gave notice that in such event and 30 of crew (35) reported safe. reprisals will be taken on German prisoners in United — Italian steamship Alberta Treves (3,838 tons) torpe- States. doed about 300 miles off American coast ; 21 of crew — Bulgaria quits. Bulgarian delegates sign armistice. missing.

Bulgaria to evacuate Greece and Serbia, demobilize —Greek troops enter Drama ; Bulgarians in withdraw- army and surrender means of transportation, free ing carry off cattle, cereals, and railroad rolling stock. passage to be given across territory and a right to —French airmen bomb enemy cantonments and biv- occupy strategic points; terms purely military; no po- ouacs in Lenz region, in Valley of Suippe and railway litical conditions. stations. ;

Oct. 4 German retreat continues — on l^enz front. Brit- —Armed mercantile cruiser Otranto collides with steam- ish advance to within 6 miles of Lille, at Wavrin and ship Reishmir off Scottish coast and sinks; 364 United Erquinghem; reach outskirts of Montbrehain, north States soldiers lost. of St. Quentin. Belgians and French make slight ad- Oct. 7—French pursue Germans northeast of Rheims; vance toward Hooglede and Roulers. On British take Berry-au-Bac, cross Arnes River, take St. Mas- front Germans retake Montbrehain and Beaurevoir. mes, northeast of Rheims. British advance on 4-mile Germans evacuate Brimart Berru. and Northwest of front north of Scarpe River; take 3 villages. United Verdun 5 United States airmen fight 7 Germans; States troops strike on left wing east of the Argonne. bring down 1. Seven German planes brought down British take villages of Biache-St. Vaast and Oppy. by anti-air-craft guns. Eight United States pursuit Germans set fire to Laon. planes run into squadron of 2.5 German planes ; 5 Ger- —French sailors capture Beirut, seaport mans of Syria, on brought down ; Americans losing 1. the Mediterranean. western —On front in past week British airplanes drop —Serbian troops advance north of Vranje, toward Nish; 300 tons of bombs on railway between the coast and take 1,500 Austro-German prisoners. the Somme; over northern France and Belgium 124 —United States troops drive enemy out of Chalet- enemy machines brought down; 46 driven out of con- Cbehery and seize height west of the Aire. British and trol ; 90 British machines missing. United States troops attack between St. Quentin and —United States steamer Herman Frasch sunk at sea in Cambrai ; advance about 2 miles on entire front ; cap- collision with United States steamer George G. Hen- ture Beaugard and Fremont. On left French, Scot- ry; T ofiicers, 16 men missing. tish and Welsh take village —United of Serain. In center Brit- States cargo steamship San Saba (2,4,iS tons) ish and Welsh take Malincourt. New Zealanders hits mme and sinks, 15 miles southeast of Barnegat, take Esnes. British take Fresnes-les-Montauban and Neuvireuil. —United States scout patrol No. 397 sinks bv internal Italians — advance north in .\lbania ; take city of El- explosion in Long Island Sound; 55 rescued. bassan. Italians occupy — Berat, cross Semenyi River and the —French, on Suippe front, reach outskirts of Conde- plain of Mazukja. sur-Suippe, and capture Bazancourt ; northeast of Baron — von Hussarek, Austrian Prime Minister, re- St. Quentin capture Fontaine-Uterte and Bellecourt signs. Farm; also wood east of Tilloy, Hill 134 and village Oct. 5—Gen. Haig advances above St. Quentin. Ger- of Roucroy. mans leaving Lille, set fire to Douai. French take —Between St. Quentin and Cambrai British and French heights beyond Rheims, reach Betheniville ; capture advance over 3 miles. Hindenburg system penetrated Fort Brimart; advance 4 miles past Morlanvillers south of Cambrai. United States troops take Cornay. stronghold cross ; Aisne Canal at several points. Gen. Oct. 8—Serbians take Leskovatz, 25 miles south of Nish, Gouraud's army drives enemy from Challerange. and reach line of Lippvitza and Kassanecevich 10 —British capture Beaurevoir and Montbrehain, north of miles north of Leskovatz ; take 3,000 prisoners. St. Quentin, and 1,000 prisoners. Americans attack —Italian fleet, aided by LTnited States submarine and between the Meuse and the Argonne; advance 3 French and British destroyers, attack and destroy rniles. French gain ground northwest of Rheims. Austrian fleet and naval base of Durazzo. •—Gen. Allenby advances from Damascus toward Beirut —British occupy Beirut ; take 60 Turkish officers, 600 has taken 15,000 more prisoners, making total of men. 71,000, besides S.OOO claimed by Arab army of King -—Stockholm reports Norwegian steamship Gjertrud Hussein. (593 tons) sunk by German 11 King submarine; of crew — Ferdinand abdicates Bulgarian throne in favor missing. of oldest son, Boris. —The President, through Secretary of State Lansing, Oct. 5—King Boris, new King of Bulgaria, orders de- asks Imperial German Government if it accepts terms mobilization. laid down by him on Jan. 8. 1918. Says he could not —Bulgaria notifies Austrians and Germans to quit her propose armistice to Allies so long as German or Aus- territory within a month. trian armies are on their soil, and asks whether the —Imperial German Chancellor Prince Maximilian, in Imperial Chancellor is speaking merely for the con- Reichstag, proposes an immediate suspension of hos- stituted authorities of the Empire, who have thus far tilities. Entente Allies to be asked to state their peace conducted the war. terms. Oct. 9—Allies capture Cambrai, which the Germans, in Oct. 6—In Champagne region Germans retreat on 28- retreating, set fire to. mile front. French capture heights around Nogent —Lhiited States troops break through Kriemhilde line I'Abbesse ; occupy Pomade ; advance lines to south on both sides of the Meuse, with French, clear of Boult-sur-Suippe; cross the Aisne. and Italians take Argonne Wood. Soupir. British capture town of Fresnoy, south of United States aero bombing Cambrai. Germans retreat on 7-mile front in Rheims — expedition of 200 bomb- ing airplanes, 100 pursuit machines, salient. United States troops capture St. Etienne, 50 triplanes, drop 32 tons of explosives on 1,700 prisoners, including 48 officers. Americans cross German cantonment in area between Scheldt Canal. Gen. Haig's forces reach Haute- and Danvillers, about 12 miles north

of ; during Deurle Canal line. Germans continue retreat be- Verdun fight destroy 13 enemy planes. In addition, same day. United tvveen Lenz and Armentieres, evacuate Le Cateau, 15 States airplanes brought miles southeast of Cambrai. down 5 German machines and balloons. —German Chancellor Prince Maximilian, through Swiss — Serbians reach Goritza. Government, sends note to President Wilson request- —United States submarine chaser No. 219 sinks from ing him to take in hand restoration of peace, ac- an explosion; 1 killed, 1 missing; an officer and 8 men quaint belligerents of request and invite them to send injured. Frederick plenipotentiaries ; says German Government accepts —Prince Charles of Hesse, brother-in-law of Wilson programme of Jan. 8 and later addresses and German Emperor, elected King of Finland by Finnish requests immediate armistice. Landtag. —Franco-Americans cross the Aisne. Gen. Berthelot's British armored car batteries enter Ballber, 500 army crosses Aisne Canal north of Rheims. Turks surrender to local inhabitants. •—Sir Eric Geddes, First Lord of British Admiralty, and Oct. 10—British take Cambrai and advance 13 miles be-

members of Admiralty Board, arrive at an Atlantic yond ; take Le Cateau, important railway junction, port. and Roucroy, 7 miles northwest of Douai. French —Italians take Dibra. advance east of St. Quentin. United States troops —Serbians enter Vranje (about 50 miles south of Nish). capture Vaux-Andigny and St. Souplet, also Busigny, —In Albania Italians reach Lindas. 6 miles southwest of Le Cateau. XXIV —;;;

Oct. 10—Since beginning of St. Mihiel offensive United —Week's British casualty list: Killed or died of States anti-aircraft officers cannon and machine guns have wounds, 552, men 6,937 ; wounded or missing,

brouglit down 33 enem)- planes ; 20 by machine guns officers 1,741, men 26,480. 12 by heavier guns. —France breaks diplomatic relations with Finland. —Irish mail steamer Leinster, carrying 687 passengers The President replies to — ^ Germany's peace offer in and a crew of 75, torpedoed in Irish Channel by Ger- effect that military supremacy of armies of United man submarine; 480 lives lost. States and Allies must be safeguarded, processes and Oct. 11 —French continue pursuit of Germans east of methods left to military advisers ; illegal and inhu- St. Quentin, advance 4 miles, occupy Fieulaine, Neu- mane practices must cease and German people must villette, Regny, Chatillon-sur-Oise, and Thenelles alter their government so that no one power can of

south of Oise take Servais ; between Ailette and its single choice destroy the peace of the world. Aisne take Beaulieu-et-Chivy, Vermeuil, Cortonne —M. Frank Bouillon, head of Parliamentary Commis-

and Bourg-et-Camin ; cross the Aisne, occupy Parg- sion on Foreign Affairs, says France will insist on nan and Beaurieux and capture Termes, and Grand- evacuation of occupied territory, including Alsace- pre railroad station. British capture lurvy (in angle Lorraine ; will demand guarantees for everything, between Selle River and Scheldt Canal) and Village taking German word for nothing.

of Briastre ; between the Scarpa and Quiery-la-Motte, —New Turkish Cabinet, Tewfik Pasha Premier, noti- take Sailly-en-Ostrevent. Vitry-en-Artois, Izel-Ies- fies Austria-Hungary that owing to military condi- Equerchin, Drocourt and Fouquieres. tions Turkey must conclude a separate peace with the Oct. 12—Gen. Haig and British advance within a mile Entente. of Douai. Germans retire behind the Suesce Canal. Oct. 1.5—United States troops widen breach in Kriem- French capture Vouziers. hild line. German counter attacks fail. Left wing •—At Metropolitan Opera House, New York City, the crosses the Aire and pass Grand Pre; center takes President receives from Associated Press unofficial Hill 286. British, in Selle Valley, take village of text of Germany's reply to his questions of Oct. 8 Haussy and 300 prisoners. Gen, Plumer in last 3 days miles in accepts tenus of Mr. Wilson's address of Jan. 28, 1918 advances 8 Flanders ; takes towns of suggests a mixed commission to make arrangements Confines, Wervicq, Menin, Wulverghem, Heule and agrees to evacuation and claims to be supported by Guerne. great majority of the Reichstag and to speak in the —LInited States transport America sinks at Hoboken name of the German people. pier. —The British hold villages of Hamel. Brebieres and —British occupy Honis without opposition. Ceuincy and capture Montigny, Harnes and Anany. —Czechs, in Prague, Bohemia, start revolt against rule of Austria United States troops take Woods and ; martial law proclaimed throughout Bo- Molleville Farm and are before St. Juvin and Cumel, hemia. 16 which are in flames. United States troops gain 5 Oct. —British cross the Lys, between Armentieres miles on 40-mile front, defeat 7 German divisions; and Menin. Southwest of Rethel French capture vil- lage of capture 10,000 prisoners; take St. Mihiel, Thioncourt Acy-Romance ; northwest of Sissonne take and other towns. Notre Dame de Liesse and village of Talma. United —United States transport Amphian (7.409 tons), home- States troops occupy town of Grand Pre; capture La ward bound, has 2 hours' running fight with U-boat Musari Farm. French cavalry approach Thielt, 7 miles from Ghent-Bruges miles 800 miles off Atlantic coast ; 8 men wounded, 3 fatally. Canal (10 from Hol- —Serbians capture Nish. land border). British reach Quesnoy, 4 miles north of Lille; take Linselles. —Japanese troops, under Gen. Muto, arrive at Irkutsk Belgians attack Bavichae, northeast are welcomed by Gen. Ivanoff, War Minister of Omsk of Courtrai. Liege division of Belgium Government. captures German colonel, his staff and 2,000 men. Belgians cut Thourout-Ostend road and are astride Oct. 1.3—French take Laon and La Fere. Gen. Gouraud of Thourout-Bruges Road. reached Aisne bend below Rethel, 27 miles northeast —Allied forces, including United States troops, repulse of Rheims. The British cross the Sensee Canal; Bolshevik attacks on banks of Dvina. Americans and take 200 prisoners. 5,000 civilians m villages and Russians advance toward Welsk, 125 towns taken are liberated. miles northeast of Vologda. — Since beginning Champagne offensive French have —British cavalry occupy Tripoli, 45 miles north of taken 21,567 prisoners (499 officers), 600 guns, 3,500 Beirut. machine guns, 200 mine throwers, a great quantity of London reports that up to July 31, India munitions and war materials. — had con- tributed 1,115,189 men to the British Army. First —President Poincare, in Paris, makes Premier Hughes Indian war loan, $300,000,000; a second loan still of Australia a grand officer of the Legion of Honor. greater in amount not specified. Oct. 14—In Albania, Italians take Durazzo. French —Germany's Federal Council accepts amendment to take Prizrend and Mitravitsa; are now 150 miles from the Constitution ; hereafter consent of Federal Council Monastir and same from Sarajevo. and of the Reichstag required for peace treaties in 14 Oct. —British cavalry advance ; occupy Tripoli. case of declaration of war, except in case of invasion. —British attack on 20-mile front toward Lys River and —Baron Burian, Austro-Hungarian Foreign Minister get canal. Gen. Plumer's troops capture Menin Junc- says to Foreign Affairs Committee of Austrian dele- tion. Belgians and French take Thourout and Rou- gations, in discussing President's note: "We always lers. French advance in Champagne, near Rethel. establish an agreement with Germany." Allied line is within 2 miles of Courtrai. To the Oct. 16— Serbian troops capture Krushevatz, 30 miles south British cross Haute-Deul Canal, on a 5-mile northwest of Nish. German airplanes bomb Nish. front. French and British reach the Courtrai-Ingel- —The French take Ipek, in Montenegro. manister railway. Oct. 17—Allied troops capture Ostend, Bruges and —In Flanders offensive so far 10,000 prisoners have been Lille, and occupy Douai. King Albert of Belgium taken. and Queen Elizabeth enter Ostend. The French —United States troops pass beyond Cumel and Ronag- cross the Oise, 8 miles southwest of Guise. United ny, pierce positions of St. Georges and Landres-et-St. States troops take Chatillon Wood. Georges; take about 750 prisoners. United States —Germans bombard Dunkirk with long range guns ; 2 patrol crosses Selle River near St. Souplet; takes 30 Americans killed ; 1 man wounded. prisoners. Allies take Denaat, Bosehmolen, Gulleg- Oct. 18—Allies take Zeebrugge, Bruges, Thielt, Tour- hem, Wulverghem and Wervicq. French capture coing, Roubaix and many other small towns. Brit- Roulers. Belgians take Hazebrook, Gitsberg and Bev- ish take more of Lille salient. United States and Brit- erin. All take prisoners. Day's total, 7^100. Ger- ish troops attack east of Le Cateau, take Bazel. react mans heavily in area north of Le Cateau. French troops retake Forest of Andigny and village XXV ; ;

of Mennevret, a gain of 3 miles. United States in- —Serbians occupy Massif of Mecka, and village of Cice-

fantry advance nortli of Roraagne and take Banthe- vak ; take 300 prisoners.

ville ; northwest of Grand Pre, take Talma Farm. —The Turks quit Tabriz, Persia. —More than 60 United States bombing planes attack Oct. 23— President Wilson replies to the German note, Bayonville, Buzancy and other towns north of Grand says he will take up question of armistice with his co-

Pre ; escorting planes bring down 10 German planes. belligerents ; refers details to field commanders and

140 United States planes raid beyond German lines says : "If we must deal with the present Imperial and all return. They raid Remonville. Briquenay, Government of Germany we cannot trust it and must Verpel, Clery-le-Grand, and Inrecotirt; demand surrender." pursuit planes engage in 3.") aero fights, bring down 12 —British gain on 17-mile front south of Valenciennes

enemy planes. approach Le Quesnoy ; take Chatillon and Orrs. West •—French Premier Clemenceau, in Chamber of Deputies, of the Meuse United States forces take Bantheville,

says : "Our victory does not spell revenge." Brieulles and Hills 397, 299 and 281, Belle Joyeuse —Czechs occupy Prague, in Bohemia. Czecho-Slovak and Talma Farms. National Council, sitting in Paris, formally declares —In Serbia French continue advance and enter Nego- independence. tin.

•—Emperor Charles proclaims plan for federalization of — British airmen bomb railways at Burbach and Saar- Austria. Briicken, chemical factories at Mannheim and rail- —Guatemala confiscates German owned electric light ways at Coblenz, near Mainz, and at Metz-Sablons. company at Guatemala City. —Explosion in factory at Dessau, Germany, kills 70, Oct. 19—British advance east of Lille toward Tournai. wounds 50. British, Americans and French press Germans alon.g —Count Karolyi, in Hungarian Unterhaus, moves a res- the Oise-Sambre Canal and in Argonne and Meuse olution for independence of Hungary and a separate region. Germans withdraw from Belgian and French peace and demands resignation of Wekerle cabinet. front from North Sea to the Sambre. 6,000 Germans Oct. 24—British advance on 25-mile front between Sam- are caught between advancing troops and the Holland bre Canal and the Scheldt, take 7,000 prisoners and frontier above Eecloo. Germans evacuate Loges more than 100 guns; forest of Raismes is cleared; Wood on northwest and Bantheville Wood to the forest of Mormal reached. Allied line is within 15 east. miles of Maubeuge. British also take villages of Neu- —Allies capture Zaietchar, close to Bulgarian border. ville, Salesches and Beau-Degnes, Thiers Haute Rive

—President says to Austria, in effect : "United States, and Thun. On the Oise front, French cross canal

having recognized Czecho-Slovaks, the terms of Jan. east of Grand Verly ; on the right reach road be- 8 address no longer aoplies," and refuses an armistice. tween La Fere-Chevresis and Ferrier Farm. United Oct. 20—Allied forces drive back Gen. Ludendorfif's 40 States troops take Bois Belleau. divisions above and below Valenciennes, on the — in Monte Grappa sector Italians cross Ornic River; Scheldt, a pivotal point. The British are within a take Monte Solarolo, part of Monte Pressolan and mile of Valenciennes and within 7 miles of Ghent. Monte Pertica. Italians, aided by British and French, The French surround city of Audenarde, 15 miles be- have thus far taken 3,000 prisoners. On Asiago Pla- low Ghent. Gen. Gouraud attacks west of the Meuse; teau French take Monte Sisenol. takes heights east of the Aisne, north and south of —Gen. Joseph Haller is named Commander-in-Chief of Vouzieres, 20 guns and many prisoners. United Polish forces fighting with the Allies. States troops advance on edge of Bois-de-Bantheville Oct. 2.5—Germans push back British on the Scheldt and

and in region of Bourrett ; clean up Bois-de-Rappes, the Sambre and the French on the Oise and Serre. Brit- take SO prisoners ; cross Oise Canal. British in 3 days take 9,000 prisoners, 150 guns. —French and Serbs reach the Danube, in the region ish cross railway between Le Quesnoy and Mainz and the be- of Vielin (an important Bulgaria river town) ; across the Ecaillon River. The French cross Serre the Danube lies Califat, a Roumanian city. tween Crecy and Montiers. —German note, unofficial, is received by wireless. On —Germans in Argonne region are damming rivers and

its face accepts President Wilson's conditions ; claims flooding the country to stop United States advance. Kaiser's personal arbitrary powers have been taken British advance 2% miles. French take 3,155 pris- from him; denies barbarity; claims retreat destruc- oners. French cross the Danube into Roumania. tions permissible under international law. Subma- — Serbian troops take heights south of Kraguyevatz. rines all recalled to their bases. —Count Andrassy succeeds Baron Burian as Austrian Oct. 21—British week's casualty list: Killed or died of Premier. Count Albert Anoonyi succeeds Dr. Wek- erle as Hungarian Premier. wounds, officers 517, men 4,971 ; wounded or missing, officers 1,464, men 30,108. —Col. Edward M. House, President Wilson's personal —British airmen attack barracks and railways at Metz representative, reaches Paris. 7 battle machines missing. German airmen bomb re- —British Admiralty publishes navy figures : Fleet in- gion around Clermont, Montfaucon and Rarecourt. creased during war from 3,500,000 tons to 6.500,000 —Serbian and French forces reach Paracin, 46 miles tons; personnel from 146,000 to 406,000. Soldiers northwest of Nish, 85 miles southeast of Belgrade; transported 21,500,000; lost 4,391. take 1,000 Austro-German prisoners. Oct. 26—British troops cross Rhonelle and circle Valen- —King George of England, in speech to inter-parlia- ciennes; take Famars and 1,000 prisoners. The mentary delegates at Buckingham Palace, says : "Vic- French press east from the Oise and northeast from tory is within reach and must be complete." the Serre toward Hirson; take Mont Carmel and •—Socialist papers in Germany demand that the Kaiser Angclfontaine. abdicate. —A German official paper at Berlin announces that the Oct. 32—Chancellor Maximilian says in Reichstag, Emperor has accepted a request for retirement made "German people will not submit to a peace by violence, by General of Infantry Ludendorfif, the First Quarter- nor will they be brought blindly to the conference master General and commander in time of peace of table." 25th Infantry Brigade. Despatches from the German forced Oct. 22—British cross the Scheldt, 5 miles north of capital indicate that the resignation had been Tournai. French and Belgians advance toward by the pro-peace majority in the Reichstag. Luden- Ghent, cross Lys Canal at several points. Allies drive dorff was the soldier who, on account of his reputa- toward Conde, with Mons as objective. British cap- tion as an expert in retreat tactics, was put on the ture Ourcq. French advance between Serre and the western front to extricate the Crown Prince's armies forces. Oise; reach Assis-sur-Serre and the St. Jacques Farm, from the tightening grasp of the Allied northwest of Chalandry. Czecho-Slovak forces aid Oct. 26—In last 4 days Allies have taken 15,000 pris- have been 50,000. in the recapture of village of Terron. oners ; German casualties X.WI Oct. 26—Italians continue advance on mountain and the Peron. French occupy enemy trenches south of Piave fronts ; take 2,000 Austrian prisoners and ad- Guise and approach road between Guise and Herie-la- vance in Albania. Vieville. Germans make 2 unsuccessful raids in Lor- —British, under Gen. Allenby. occupy Aleppo. In Mes- raine. LInited States troops occupy Aincreville, north opotamia, Gen. Marsliall continues pursuit of Turks of Verdun. Belgian oilicial statement says prisoners on both sides of Tigris. taken Oct. 14 to 27, in Flanders, number' 18,293 (331 Oct. 27—French advance 5 miles between the Oise and officers), 509 guns, over 1,200 machine guns. On the Serre. Reach outskirts of Guise ; take Crecy-sur- Italian front British reach Roncadelle, Ormelle, Fon- Serre, Baheris, Maequigney and Praix-Landifey, Mon- tainelle and line of Monticano River to Ramara; cross ceau-le-Nenf and Alontigny-sur-Serre, Origny-Ste. the Monticano about 6 miles beyond the Piave. Aus- Bemoite, Couriuelles and Chevreis-Monceau. On the tria recognizes Czecho-Slovak nation. Gen. Weber, Verdun front east of the Meuse, United States troops Austrian, and deputation apply to Gen. Diaz for armis- attack and take Bois Belleau. East of Rethel United tice application ; forwarded to Supreme War Council States troops advance two-thirds of a mile. Germans at Versailles. Passenger and merchandise traffic be- counter attack British at Famars and are repulsed. tween Germany and Austria ceases. Entire Turkish Italians — and British cross the Piave, take the Island force on Tigris, about 7,000, surrender. Rioting in of Grave di Pededopoli. Budapest ; banks attacked and stores looted. Oct. 28—Germans counter attack the French on the Oct. 31—Italian troops reach Ponte Delle Alpi, north- Oise front. French advance east of the Peron, in re- east of City of Belluno, take height of Ceseme, ridge gion northeast of Bois-les-Pargny. British south of between valleys of FoUina and Piave ; occupy Pass Valenciennes advance between the Rhonelle and the of Serravalle in ; Grappa region take Col Capnie, Col Scheldt; take 100 prisoners. British troops enter Lys Bonato, Asolone, Mount Prassolan, salient of Solaro, and are welcomed with enthusiasm. Americans east Mount Spinoncia and Plateau of Asiago. Prisoners of the Meuse attack Germans in Consenvoye Wood taken thus far over 50,000. Italians have 54 divisions and Ormont Wood and are repulsed. and are assisted by less than 4 Allied divisions. —Allies on 45-miIe front drive Austrians 5 miles from Nov. 1 —Gen. Pershing's forces advance to northeast the Piave toward the Livenga. Congeliano is taken of Grandpre, and 15.000 prisoners. capture a dozen or more fortified villages and 3,000 prisoners; —Gen. Pershing's artillery bombards the Germans Long- take Andevanne and clear the Bois des uyon-Mezieres shuttle service. Loges. Hungarian Republic proclaimed in Budapest, where —Hungary sends note, signed by Count Andrassy, new the national colors, red. white and green, are displayed ; mobs release military and polit- Foreign Austro-Hungarian JVIinister, that it accepts ical prisoners; Emperor all conditions, including independence of Czecho-SIo- Charles escapes to GodoUo, 20 miles northeast of Budapest. vaks and Jugo-Slavs is ready for armistice. The red flag of So- cialism is hoisted in Vienna. —M. Poincare, President of France, receives Col. Ed- National Assembly ward M. House. meets in Vienna and accepts a new Constitution with- out the crown. Victor Adler, —British Food Controller increases retail price of meat Socialist, is Foreign Secretary; Cavalry Captain and reduces meat rations to 34-pound per week per Meyer, War Minister; Dr. person, e.xcept ham and bacon. Maboja, Social Democrat, Minister of Interior; Dr. Steinwender, German —Kaiser Wilhelm writes to Imperial Chancellor, Prince Nationalist, Minister of Fi- nance. Maximilian of Baden, approving of transfer of "fun- damental rights of the Kaiser's person" to the people. Nov. 2—Above Verdun United States troops advance an Oct. 29—Fierce iigliting continues on mile wide strip average of 2}4 miles on 14-mile front; in last 2 between the Scheldt and the Rhonelle. United States days take 3,000 prisoners, 60 heavy cannon, hundreds artillery bombard extensions of main line into Con- of machine guns; capture Fosse, 8 miles southwest flans and sweep areas near and nearby from Stenay; railway junctions in regions of Mont- towns for miles. Germans shell Bantheville and medy and Longuyon under fire of United States big . Civilians in panic flee from Rhine towns guns. Paris reports since drive began on western taking their deposits from banks. front, July 15, Allied armies have taken 362,355 pris- —Day's United States casualties: Armv, 360; marine oners (7.990 officers), 6,217 cannon, 38,622 machine corps, 69. guns, 3,907 mine throwers. During October Allies —United States airmen bomb Montigny and Danvil- captured 103,343 prisoners (2,472 officers), 2,064 can- lers S United States non, 13,639 machine ; planes on reconnaissance mis- guns, 1,198 mine throwers. Brit- sions are lost. ish casualties reported during October total 158,825 —Serbians advance 12 miles; now within 45 miles of officers and men. Belgrade. —Italians advance on 12S-mile front, reach Tagliamento ~~fj^nl ^'^^- ^"^ '° 27 Allied armies in Flanders took River; in present offensive have freed over 1,000 i.V9J prisoners (441 officers), 509 guns, 1,200 ma- square miles of conquered territory, taken 80,000 pris- chine guns. oners, 1,600 guns ; booty taken exceeds in value ?800,- —In Germany the Federal Council approves bill passed 000,000. In the Trentino Italians advance as far as by Reichstag Oct. 26, providing that sanction of Sugana Valley passing the Austrian frontier. Reichstag and Bundesrat is necessary for a declara- —British take villages of Preseau, Valenciennes, Marlv, tion of_war: that the Chancellor is responsible for the advance northeast of Maresches; capture hamlet of Kaisers political actions and the Minister of War is St. Hubert and farms in that region. United States responsible to the Reichstag. troops take and pass beyond St. Georges, Imecourt, —Count Andrassy, Austrian Foreign Minister, sends Landreville, Chennery, Remonville, Estanne and Clery- note to Secretary of State Lansing, requesting imme- le-Grand. diate armistice and communicates it to the French —Italian Government announces that officer of Austrian British, Japanese and Italian Governments, bego-in<^ (jeneral Staff presented himself at front of Italian tor their approval and support. lines bearing credentials, asking to discuss armistice; Oct. 30—Italians advance 12 miles beyond the Piave Gen. Diaz referred question to Premier Orlando, now reach the Livenza on 50-mile front; 'take more than in Paris, who informs Inter-Allied Conference, which 100 towns and villages; take Seguisino and Monte discusses and defines armistice conditions and charged Cosen. United States troops take Aincreville and ad- Gen. Diaz in name of Governments of Allies and of vance for about two miles. French advance on north United States to communicate them to Austrian white bank of the Oise take ; Beaufort Farm. Between the flag bearers. Lys and the Scheldt, near Famars and Englefontaine —King Boris abdicates throne of Bulgaria ; Peasant Germans repulse attacks. Government established at Tirnova under leadership —French advance on north bank of Oise, west of of M. Stambulivsky (pardoned by King Ferdinand Guise, take Beaufort Farm; advance on' right of Sept. 30). XXV II ;

Nov. 3—United States troops advance to within 4 miles Nov. 5—Marshal Foch has the Allies' armistice terms of Stenay, take many towns, prisoners and much boo- Teady for the Germans. ty; Gen. Pershing's men, with Gen. Haig's and French, —Southward from Ghent the Americans went further reach Ghent outskirts, enter Audenarde. United over the Scheldt, above Audenarde, while south of States bombing air machines attack Martincourt, there British forces occupied a wide stretch of the Mouzay, and Beaufort. French and Amer- eastern river bank. icans clear enemy out of Bourgogne Woods and •^Pershing's 1st Army continued its advance on

whole of Argonne region ; take Chatillon-sur-Barre both banks of the Meuse. Crossings were made north and Bois du Chesne, Toges, Belleville, Quatre-Champs, and south of Dun and large forces made good their Noirval and Les Alleux. hold on the hills of the eastern bank and pressed on —Italians capture Trent. Italian forces land at Trieste. toward Stenay, from which they were distant 6 miles, Italian cavalry enter Udine, chief Austrian base in and Montmedy. By an advance of more than 4 miles Italy. In drive more than 100,000 prisoners taken and on the center (where the Metropolitan Division from New York has been operating) they passed beyond over 2,200 guns ; entire regiments surrender to Gen. Diaz. Raucourt Wood to within 5 miles of the point where the great trunk line to Metz crosses the river and —Jugo-SIaves seize Austro-Hungarian fleet, except Vir- ibus Unitis, recently sunk by Italians, and send wire- within 8 miles of Sedan. less to President Wilson offering to hand vessels over —The Allies began the siege of Ghent, the stronghold to United States Government or representatives of on the Scheldt River, with American, Belgian, British Allied navies. and French units participating and with the Queen of —Serbian Army occupies Belgrade. the Belgians watching, in the van of the attack, the smashing of the city's defenses. Germans already re- Nov. 4 British take Valenciennes, advance 5 miles on — ported to have withdrawn their main forces from the 30-mile front and are half way through Mormal For- city.

est ; take 10,000 prisoners, 200 guns ; on northern flank —The American forces later captured Liny-devant-Dun approach Belgian border. First British division take and Milly-devant-Dun, 6 miles south of Stenay, east villages of Fesmy, Hautreve and La Groise; 32d di- of the Meuse. They were also occupying the hills on vision takes Ruedenhaut and drives enemy from Mez- the east bank of the river, despite a stiff machine gun ieres. Folle and Sambreton ; 13th division take La resistance by the Germans. Soyers, Preux-au-Bois, Hecq, Futoy and Louvignies. —Between the Sambre Canal and the Argonne the Franco-American troops and Belgians, under King Al- French advanced more than 6 miles at points. They bert, are in outskirts of Ghent and in possession of captured more than 4,000 prisoners and at least 60 All towns on west bank of Meuse south Audenarde. cannon. of Halles now in American hands. United States Nov. C—Reports from the center of the American line troops penetrate village of Beaumont and occupy are to the effect that the town of Mouzon is on fire Lauenville, opposite Stenay; take Les Grandes Ar- and that part of Sedan is burning. Its footing estab- moises, an advance of over 3 miles. United States lished east of the Meuse, the American Army_ has troops now 7% miles from Carignan, on JMezieres- forced its way along both banks of the river, within Metz railroad, and 9 miles from Sedan. 6 miles of Sedan. immediate ending of ^Austria accepts truce terms— —American and French troops continue their advance. demobilization hostilities by land, on sea and in air ; , north of the Freya line and east of Dun, immediate withdrawal of Austro-Hungarian Army, was reached this afternoon, and operations about the half of equipment to from North Sea to Switzerland, heights to the east of Sedan are under way.

; evacuation of all territory invaded be surrendered —The British, further west, are 4 miles within the equipment and since war began, military and railway trunk line connecting Northern France and Lorraine,

; destruction, pillage or coal to be given up no new threatening to divide the enemy's forces into 3 armies, requisitions; right of free movement over territory with precarious roads of retreat. evacuation in 15 days and means of communication; ^As a result of the menace on the flanks, the Germans of all German troops, any remaining to be interned are retreating fast in the center, leaving guns and sup- territory to administer local authorities of evacuated plies. Following fast on them the French forged

; without reciproc- under Allied control repatriation ahead from 5 to 7 miles from Guise to the point of sub- ity of all Allied prisoners of war and interned their junction with the American forces west of the jects of civil populations; naval conditions, definite in- Meuse. movements of Austro-Hun- formation of location and Nov. 7—The Americans have not only captured Sedan 1.5 submarines garian ships to be given ; surrender of in their advance on both sides of the Meuse, but have and all German submarines now in or hereafter en- made a jump toward the Briey iron mines, which the surface war tering Austro-Hungarian waters ; other Longuyon line protects. Longuyon for several, days

ships to surrendered ; ships to be disarmed ; 34 war be has been under the fire of American guns. With that freedom of the Adriatic and up the Danube; Allies part of Sedan resting on the western bank of the fortifica- and United States to occupy or dismantle river occupied, the American Army is consolidating conditions unchanged, naval aircraft tions ; blockade its positions and preparing for a further adyance. It to be concentrated at designated bases; evacuation of was contingents of the noted Rainbow Division and States Italian coasts, occupation by Allies and United of the 1st Division that made the final whirlwind dash of land and sea fortifications; merchant vessels to be into Sedan.

of ships material ; naval returned ; no destruction or ^The French advanced 10 miles at points, directly men- and marine prisoners to be returned without reci- acing the German center communications. More than procity. 100 villages were taken. — People in Vienna reported to be delirious with joy —British forces are continuing their progress along the at peace news. Franco-Belgian battle line. Northeast of Valen- Quievrain —Armistice with Austria goes into effect at 3 P. M. ciennes thev have reached the outskirts of Further Before that Italy had 300,000 prisoners, 5,000 guns. and Crespi'n, close to the Belgian border. south the town of Angre has been taken. Southeast .— President Wilson cables felicitations to King of Italy. of the Mormal Forest the British have captured Mon- Secretary Lansing sends message to Baron Sonnino, ceau-St. Vaast and Dompierre, 3 miles northwest of Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs, now in Versailles. the railway junction of .\vesnes. settle on and sign truce terms for Germany. ^.'Mlies —Advices from neutral sources indicate that the out- trade —Chilian Government seizes all German interned breaks at Kiel and Hamburg and the suburbs of the ships. latter city are assuming serious proportions, the cor- —New (Omsk) Russian Government rescues from respondent of the Copenhagen Politik at Vamdrup "Reds" $400,000,000 in gold taken from Petrograd to reporting violent artillery firing in the streets of Ham- Kazan bv Bolsheviki. burg. 'Ill Nov. 7—A premature publication in afternoon newspap- —Rebellious movements are reported in the great in- ers that peace terms had been agreed to by Germany dustrial district about Essen. made New York City delirious with joy; whistles and Nov. —"The Kaiser and King has decided to renounce sirens blew, bells rang, business was practically aban- the throne," officially announces the retiring Chan- doned and the, streets filled up with merrymakers very cellor, Prince Maximilian of Baden. Prince Max similar to an old night before New Year celebration. acted a few hours as Regent. The excitement continued to a late hour in spite of —Revolt of the soldiers, sailors and workmen, which publication of denials of authenticity of report. began at Kiel, has spread over Germany until the —Admiral Henry B. Wilson, commander of the Amer- movement has embraced practically all northeastern ican naval forces in French waters, later said he au- and northwestern sections of the empire. Rebellions thorized the giving out of the announcement of the have occurred in Hanover, Cologne, Brunswick and alleged signing, believing it to be authentic. Magdeburg, the latter city 80 miles southwest of —Twenty thousand deserters from the German Army Berlin. are marching through the streets of Berlin. —The population of the Polish Province of Plock has —A large part of the German Navy and a great part risen against the Germans and there have been con- of Schleswig are in the hands of the revolutionists, flicts in which a number of persons of both sides have according to reports received in Copenhagen from been killed. Kiel and forwarded by the E.xchange Telegraph Com- Nov. 9—.A.t Berlin the Socialists have taken over the pany. All of the workshops have been occupied by new Government. the Red troops and Kiel is governed by a Marines' —The commander at Kiel and Naval Capt. Heine were Soldiers' and Workers' Council. All the street car shot and killed while resisting arrest. lines and railways are under control of this council. —A general railway strike has been started in Germany. —Virtually all the German fleet has revolted, according Owing to the run on the banks in Berlin these in- to a despatch received from The Hague. The men are stitutions have stopped payment. masters at Kiel, Wilhelmshaven, Heligoland, Borkum Six battleships anchored and Cuxhaven. — German outside of Flens- burg in Schleswig have directed their guns against —In taking over the battleship Kaiser at Kiel the officers the revolutionists. The battleship Konig, which re- attempting to defend the German flag were over- fused to surrender, was captured after a fight. powered, and 2 of them, including the commander, —The retired Prussian General, Gustav Ahlborn, 83 were killed and a number of others were wounded, years old, a veteran of the Franco-Prussian War, com- says the Cologne Gazette. Three companies of infan- mitted suicide at the foot of the Bismarck statue in try sent to Kiel to restore order joined the revolu- Brunswick. tion and a fourth company was disarmed. During —The Americans advanced everywhere along their line. the night, hussars sent from Wandsbeck were forced The enemy artillery fire was from large calibre guns, to turn back by sailors armed with machine guns. indicating positions a great distance away. One Nov. 8—Germany's armistice delegates were received American division reached Mouzay in its forward by Marshal Foch at 9 A. M. in a railroad car in which march, despite machine gun resistance and a fire from the Commander-in-Chief has his headquarters. Mat- mine throwers. Five American ambulances drove by thias Erzberger, leader of the enemy delegation, speak- mistake into the German lines northeast of Lion-de- ing in French, announced that the German Govern- vant-Dun and were captured. Comrades organized a ment had appointed them plenipotentiaries to take rescue party and returned with the ambulances, 4 cognizance of the terms, and eventually to sign an prisoners and ?• guns. The Americans are in control armistice. Marshal Foch then read the terms tothem, of both sides of the Meuse and occupied dwelling upon each word. They made a few observa- Wood. They crossed the river at Mouzon, thus mak- tions, pointing out difficulties in the way of carrying ing their line on both sides complete from Villers-de- out some secondary clauses. Then Erzberger asked vant-Mouzon southward. for a suspension of hostilities. This request Marshal Foch refused. The delegates having obtained per- —The British battleship Britannia was torpedoed near mission to send a courier to Spa, German great head- the west entrance to the Straits of Gibraltar and sank quarters, and communicate with that place by wire- 3% hours later, according to an Admiralty announce- ment 39 officers 673 less, withdrew. The armistice terms called for an ; and men were saved. The Brit- annia, which a displacement 1C,3.50 answer within 7.2 hours, expiring at 11 A. M. Monday. had of tons, was —The French have reached Mezieres, the railroad junc- launched at Portsmouth Dec. 10, 1904. She was 453.7 tion on the left of the American front on the Meuse. feet in length, had a speed of approximately 19 knots Gen. Gouraud holds the west bank of the Meuse from an hour and carried a peace time complement of 777 Sedan to the outskirts of Mezieres. His troops ad- men. Her main armament consisted of 4 12-inch vanced from 5 to 8 miles in a day. Scores of vil- guns. lages were liberated. Artillery and supplies were —Field Marshal Haig announced the capture of the for- rushed up over roads deep with mud and the German tress of Maubeuge by the Guards and 62d Divisions. resistance became stiffer. British troops have made progress south of that town —The Americans have improved their positions beyond and are east of the Avesnes-Maubeuge road. North Sedan on both sides of the river, consolidating their of Tournai the British are on the east bank of the tremendous gains of the last 4 days. Scheldt, about Herinnes and Herchem. South of —The British not only have taken the stronghold of Maubeuge the British are pushing eastward and are Avesnes and vital junction of the enemy's connec- beyond the Avesnes-Maubeuge road. tions between the north and south armies, but have —French cavalry crossed the Belgian frontier, over- pushed their line to within 3 miles of Maubeuge, a throwing the enemy rearguards, taking prisoners and total gain of 5 miles on a front of more than ao miles. capturing guns, material and railway trains. Glageon, —Emperor William has refused a demand of the Social- Formies, Hirson, Anor and St. Michel were occupied. ists that he and the Crown Prince abdicate. Chancel- Our forces continued their pursuit beyond these local- lor Maximilian, unable to control the Socialists, who ities on the general line of Momignies, the northern are the most powerful bloc in the Reichstag major- outskirts of the St. Michel Forest, Maquenoise and ity, has resigned. Philippe Forge. Further east, after having forced a —A popular uprising in Munich has resulted in the passage on the Thon and Aube Rivers, they occupied proclamation of a republic in Bavaria. the plateau to the north, took Signy-le-Petit and —The rebels who raised the red flag at Kiel now con- reached the Mezieres-Hirson railway at the village trol all the North Sea Coast of Germany and part of Wagny and south of Maubert-Fontaine. On the of the Baltic shore. Prince Henry of Prussia, the right they reached and surrounded Mezieres and Mo- Kaiser's brother, fled under a red flag from Kiel, hon, and crossed the Meuse further east, opposite fired on by revolutionists. Lumes. XXIX ;:

Nov. 9— Belgian troops are standing along the Ghcnt- —The first member of royalty in the Austrian entour- Terneuzen Canal from the Dutch frontier to the Ghent age has arrived in Switzerland with an Italian per- Station. The French troops in Belgium, advancing mit. He is the Duke of Braganza, former pretender beyond the Scheldt, were able to occupy Welden and to the throne of Portugal, who sought refuge in Aus- Edelaere. East of Melden the Heights of Koppen- tria and joined Emperor Charles's army. He has berg were captured. reached Samadan, near St. Moritz. —Friedrich Ebert, upon assuming office at Berlin as —More than a quarter of a million of Italian prison- Chancellor, issued a proclamation announcing that ers of war held in Austria have been returned to the new Govermnetn at Berlin had taken charge of Italy. Sick and wounded men will be returned later Business to prevent civil war and famine. In a man- by way of Switzerland. ifesto addressed to the "citizens" of Germany the —King Victor Emmanuel of Italy made a triumphal Chancellor said he was going to form a people's entry into Trieste. The entire population welcomed Government to bring about peace "as quickly as pos- him. The King, who was accompanied by Gen. Diaz, sible," and to confirm the liberty which the Govern- other generals and Lieut. Commander Rizzo, arrived ment has gained. on the destroyer Audace. The King was showered Nov. 10—The German courier from the meeting place with flowers as he made his way to the City Hall. of the armistice negotiations arrived at German grand Nov. 11 —German envoys signed the .Allied armistice headquarters at 10 A. M. He had been delayed by terms at Senlis, at S A. M., Paris time, which took an explosion of an ammunition depot, which he mis- efifect at 11 A. M., Paris time (6 A. M. New York took for firing. time). Delay for evacuation prolonged by 24 hours —The revolution spreads throughout Germany, headed for the left bank of the Rhine besides the S days by Workmen's and Soldiers' Councils. therefore, 31 days in all. A supplementary declara- —Lieut. Krupp von Bohlen and Halbach, the head of tion to the armistice terms was signed to the eft'ect the Krupp works, and his wife have been arrested. that in the event of the 6 German battle cruisers, 10 —The ex-Kaiser and suite flee to Holland, arriving at battleships, 8 light cruisers and 50 destroyers not be- Eysden, on the frontier, at 7 :30 A. M. Thence he ing handed over owing to a luutinous state, the Al- went to the Chateau iVIiddachten, owned by Count lies reserve the right to occupy Heligoland as an ad- William F. C. H. von Bentinck, at de Steeg, a town vance base to enable them to enforce the terms. on the Guelders Yssel, an arm of the Rhine, 12 miles —The Grand Duke of Oldenbur.g has been dethroned from the German border. and the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin has — Count zu Reventlow flees to Denmark. Among the abdicated, according to despatches from Hamburg. incidents of the revolution is the renunciation by the — President Wilson reads the terms of the German ar- Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar and his family of the mistice to Congress in joint session and announces the right of exemption from taxation. end of the war. Similar declarations were made to —Wilhelm H, the reigning King of Wurttemberg abdi- the British Parliament, the French National Assem- cated on Friday night, according to Havas Agency bly, and at other Allied capitals. In New York and despatches from Basel. other great cities the event was hailed by celebrations. The 1st — and 2d American armies in their attacks ex- —Dr. Solf, German Foreign Secretary, addresses a mes- tending along the Moselle and the Meuse advanced sage to Secretary of State Lansing requesting that on a front of 71 miles. French troops operating un- President Wilson intervene to mitigate "the fearful der the American command also advanced at various conditions" existing in Germany. He says the en- points. The captured territory includes the German forcement of the conditions of the armistice, especially stronghold of Stenay, Brimoucourt, east of Verdun, the surrender of transport, means the starvation of and numerous villages and fortified positions in Lor- millions, and requests that the President's influence raine. The entire district in the region of Stenay was be directed to overcoming this danger. flooded by the Germans, who dammed the canals and —Field Marshal von Hindenburg has placed himself and rivers. The Americans crossed the River Meuse the German army at the disposition of the new peo- from below, took Stenay in a great northward push. ple's government at Berlin. He asked the Cologne The Germans shelled the Verdun road in the regions Soldiers and Workers' Council to send delegates to of , Beaumont, Mouzon and Balan. The Mou- German main headquarters at once. Von Hindenburg zon Bridge was broken places. Along the Meuse said he had taken this action "in order to avoid from the region of Sedan to Stenay the enemy ma- chaos." chine gunners, clinging to the hills overlooking the King Friedrich August of Saxony has been dethroned, river, kept flares burning all during Saturday night, — to official from Berlin. preventing the Americans from crossing. according an telegram —The British have entered the outskirts of Mons. It —When fighting ended the German front line opposite was here the original "contemptibles" made their first the 1st American Army, running south and north, stand against von Kluck. South of the city Haig's was approximately as follows . From north of the forces have crossed the Belgian border. Several rail- Chateau d'Hannancelles, through the Bois de Lavale, road trains were taken as British advance guards the Bois de , the Bois Masseneue, thence pressed east of Maubeuge. northwest, passing east to Blanzee, east of Grimau- ^In Vienna and Neustadt the aeroplane hangars have court, east and north of Nobras Woods, thence been burned. At Salzburg there has been shooting in through the Grand Chenas, east of , the streets. From Aussig and Pettau hunger revolts through the Herbebois Woods, east and north of Hill are reported, the military food stores being plundered. 319, north of Chaumont-devant- and Hill A Vienna despatch to the Berlin Vossische Zeitung 324, to the east side of the Thiente Brook and the Damvillers-Metz road, north of Remoiville to the says : "The former Austrian navy has ceased to ex- ist. The most valuable warships are lying at the bot- north of the Forest of Woevre and Paalon, to east tom of the sea. Austrian naval officers who arrived and north of Stenay, and thence north and slightly this morning from Laibach relate that the Jugo-Slavs, west to the end of the sector north of Mouzon, along to whom the fleet was handed, blew up all the biggest the Meuse. ships at Pola, valued at $14,000,000, to prevent "their —The front of the 2d Army from south to north was falling into the hands of the Italians. Nomeny to Eply, through the Bois Voirrotte, through Czecho-Slovak —The press agency wires from Laibach : the Bois Frehaut, to the Moselle River and up the "Italian military forces have occupied Trieste. The river to a point about two-thirds of a mile south of Slovene National Council has protested." The Jugo- Pagny and thence west to a point one-third of a mile slav National Council at Agram has sent a deputa- south of Preny. Thence through Remberecourt to the tion to the Serbian troops now occupying Mitrowitza, north of the Bois Dommartin, and the Mainbois Farm asking that the Serbians occupy the whole of Jugo- skirting the northern end of Lake Lachaussee. through slavia. the Bois les Hautes Epines, through the Bois de Wa- XXX ;

vrille, St. Hilaire, Marcheville, to one-third working in unison, and the ultraradical, or so-called of a mile soutli of Ville-en-Woevre. Bolshevist element, has gained great recognition. The -—On the front of the 1st and 2d Armies, between the agreement which has been reached between the Social- Meuse and the Moselle, Allied troops hold tlie former ist and Independent Socialist Parties and the new re- German front line villages of , , gime seems to have secured support from the press. Blanzee, Moranville, Abaucourt, Dieppe and Bezon- In addition to the Wolff Bureau, the Socialists are vaux. now represented by 3 newspapers, the Vorwaerts, the —Thousands of American heavy guns fired the parting Lokal-Anzeiger, formerly the Emperor's favorite shot at the Germans at exactly 11 A. M. At many newspaper and now rechristened the Red Flag, and batteries the artillerists joined hands, forming a long the former semi-official organ, the North German Ga- line, as the lanyard of the final shot. There were a zette, which has taken the new title of the Interna- few seconds of silence as the shells shot through the tional. The revolutionary movement is continually heavy mist. Then the gunners cheered. American spreading. Koenigsberg, Frankfort-on-Main and flags were raised by the soldiers over their dugouts Strassburg are now controlled by the Soviets. and guns and at the various headquarters. Individual —The Belgian Legation, in an official statement today, groups unfurled the Stars and Stripes, shook hands announced that Belgium will no longer submit to a and cheered. Soon afterward they were preparing status of "guaranteed neutrality" like that which ex- for luncheon. All the boys were hungry, as they had isted before the war. It aspires to "complete inde- breakfasted early in anticipation of what they consid- pendence ; to the rights common to all free peoples." ered the greatest day in American history. —Chairman Baruch of the United States War Indus- —Mons was taken by the British, and from Belgium tries Board began to lift the restrictions on building to the Meuse the German line was near collapse be- material so that the country can return to a peace fore the Allied forces got orders to stop punishing basis gradually. He announced the reversal of prior- the foe. The latest British report says : "At the ces- ity orders respecting commodities that had been cur- sation of hostilities this morning we had reached the tailed for the war. The action of the War Industries general line of the Franco-Belgian frontier, cast of Board is a first step to be followed as quickly as it Avesnes, Jeumont, Sivry, 4 miles east of Mons, is deemed advisable by others. Chievres, Lessines and Gammont." —Secretary McAdoo announced a 75 per cent, reduc- —The latest French report says: "In the fifty-second tion in Government war risk insurance rates on hulls, month of a war without precedent in history the cargoes and seamen's insurance. This made the French Army, with the aid of the Allies, has achieved rate on ships and cargoes through the war zone % the defeat of the enemy." of 1 per cent., instead of 3 per cent., with other rates —Canada's casualties in the war up to 11 days before cut accordingly. Treasury officials explained that, the capture of Mons, on the final morning of the con- although the submarine has been abandoned, risk still flict, totalled 211,358 men, it was announced here to- exists on account of floating mines and the possibility

day. These are classified as follows : Killed in ac- that some submarines may run amuck. tion, 34,877; died of wounds or disease, li,457 June 28—German envoys signed the Peace Terms. wounded, 152,779 13 reports from the Central ; presumed dead, missing in action Aug. —Final casualty and known prisoners of war, 8,245. Records office of the American Expeditionary Forces Nov. 12—The abdication of Emperor Charles of Austria in France, made public by the War department to- is officially announced at Vienna. day, gave the total battle deaths as 49,498, total —Latest advices from Germany show that while desul- wounded 205,690 and prisoners 4,480. tory fighting is occurring in Berlin, and that naval July 1—The army had reported 149,433 cases of mutineers are refusing to yield to any authority, the disabled soldiers to the War Risk Insurance bureau. Socialist Government is proceeding toward full con- It was estimated that the final total would be close trol. All factions of the Socialists are apparently to 200,000.

Where Our Soldiers Were in France

Location of the thirty-five combat divisions and six 31st (Georgia, Alabama, Florida) —Brest; Major Gen. Le- depot divisions of the American Arn;iy in France on Nov. roy S. Lyon. 7, four da.vs before the signing of the armistice, was 32d (Michigan, Wisconsin) —Aincreville and St. Dizier; announced by the "W^ar Department Nov. 27, as follows: Major Gen. William C. Haan. 33d (Illinois) —Troyon and St. Dizier; Major Gen. George Bell, Jr. COIMBAT DIVISIONS. 34th (Nebraska, Iowa, South Dakota, Minnesota)—Cas- tres; Brig. Gen. John A. Johnston. 1st (Regulars) —Nouart and St. Dizier; Brig. Gen. Frank 35th (Missouri, Kansas— and St. Dizier; Parker. Major Gen, Peter E. Traub. 2d (Regulars) —Fosse and St. Dizier; Major Gen. .John A. 36th (Texas. Oklahoma) —Conde-en-Barrols, Major Gen. Lejeune. W. R. Smith. 3d (Regulars) — and St. Dizier; Brig. Gen. Preston 37th (Ohio)—Thielt, Dunkirk; Major Gen. Charles S. Brown. Farnsworth. 4th (Regulars) —Lucey and St. Dizier; Major Gen. Mark L. 38th (Indiana, Kentucky, West Virginia)—Le Mans; Ma- Hersey. jor Gen. Robert L. Howze. 5th (Regulars) —Cunel and St. Dizier; Major Gen. Hanson 42d (Rainbow)—Maisoncelle and St. Dizier; Major Gen. _E. Ely. Charles D. Rhodes. 6th (Regulars)—Stonne and St. Dizier; Major Gen. Walter 77th (New York City)—La Bassee. Varennes, St. Dizier; H. Gordon. Major Gen. Robert Alexander. 7Sth 7th (Regulars) —Euvezin and St. Dizier; Major Gen. Ed- (Western New York, New Jersey, Delaware) —Le mund Wittenmyer. Champy Haut and St. Dizier; Major Gen. James H, Mo- Rae. 26th (New England) Bras, — Troyon-sur-Meuse, St. Dizier; 79th (Northeast Pennsylvania, District Col- Brig. Gen. F. E. Lamford. Maryland, of umbia) —Vaeherauville and St. Dizier; Major Gen, 27th (New York)—Corbie, Beauquesne, St. Dizier; Major Joseph B. Kuhn. Gen. John F. O'Ryan. SOth (Virginia, West Virginia. Western Pennsylvania) — 28th (Pennsylvania) —Heudicourt and St. Dizier; Major Sommouthe and St. Dizier; Major Gen, Adelbert Cronk- Gen. William H. Hay. hite. 29th (New Jersey, Delaware. Virginia, Maryland, District Slst (North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida, Porto of Columbia) —Robert Espagne and St. Dizier; Major Rico) —Sommedieue, Is-sur-Tille; Major Gen. Charles J. Gen. Edward H. Lewis. Bailey. XXXT : —

S2d (Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee) —Plorent; Major Gen. vada, Montana, Wyoming, Utah) —Oostroosebeke and George P. Duncan. Dunkirk; Major Gen. William H. Johnston. 84th (Kentucky, Indiana, Southern Illinois) —Neuvic: 92d (Negroes, National Army)—Marbache and St. Dizier; Major Gen. Harry C. Hale. Major Gen. Charles C. Ballou. 86th (Chicago and Northern Illinois)—St. Andre de Cub- DEPOT DIVISIONS. zac; Major Gen. Charles H. Martin. 41st (Washington, Oregon. Montana, Idaho, Wyoming)— S7th (Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Southern Alabama) St. Aignan and Noyers; Brig. Gen. Eli Cole. —Pons: Major Gen. S. D. Sturgis. 83d (Ohio and West Pennsylvania) —Le Mans and Castres; S8th (North Dakota, Minnesota, Iowa, West Illinois) Major Gen. E. F. Glenn. Montreux Chateau, Is-sur-Tille; Major Gen. William 76th (New England and New York)—St. Amand, Mon- Weigel. tron; Major Gen. Harry P. Hodges. 89th (Kansas, Missouri, South Dakota, Nebraska, Color- S5th (Michigan and East Wisconsin) —Pouilly; Major Gen. ado, New Mexico, Arizona) —TaiUy and St. Dizier; Brig. Chase W. Kennedy. Gen. Frank L. Winn. 39th (Arkansas, Mississippi and Louisiana)—St. Florent; 90th (Texas and Oklahoma) —Villers-devant-Dun and St. Major Gen. Henry C. Hodges, Jr. Dizier; Major Gen. Henry T. Allen. 40th (Colorado, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico and Califor- 91st (Alaska, Washington, Oregon, California, Idaho, Ne- nia) —Revigny and St. Dizier; Major Gen. F. S. Strong.

Wilson's Fourteen Points of Peace

On January 8, 1918, President Wilson, in an address in the laws which they have themselves set and deter- to a joint session of Congress named fourteen points as mined for the government of their relations with one essential in a consideration of peace. His speech, in another. Without this healing act the whole structure full, will be found on pages 17-18 of the 1918 World and validity of international law is forever impaired. Almanac and Cyclopedia. The fourteen points he stated as follows VIII. All French territory should be freed and the

invaded portions restored ; and the wrong done to France I. Open covenants of peace, openly arrived at; after by Prussia in 1871 in the matter of Alsace-Lorraine, which there shall be no private international under- which has unsettled the peace of the world for nearly standings of any kind, but diplomacy shall proceed al- fifty years, should be righted, in order that peace may ways frankly and in the public view. once more be made secure in the interest of all. IX. A readjustment of the frontiers of Italy should II. Absolute freedom of navigation upon the seas, be effected along clearly recognizable lines of nation- outside territorial waters, alike in peace and in war, ality. except as the seas may be closed in whole or in part by international action for the enforcement of interna- X. The peoples of xA.ustria-Hungary, whose place tional covenants. among the nations we wish to see safeguarded and as- sured, should be accorded the freest opportunity of III. The removal, so far as possible, of all economic autonomous development. barriers and the establishment of an equality of trade conditions^ among all the nations consenting to the peace XI Roumania, Serbia and Montenegro should be evac- and associating themselves for its maintenance. uated ; occupied territories restored; Serbia accorded free and secure access to the sea, and the relations of IV. Adequate guarantees given ^ and taken that na- the several Balkan states to one another determined by tional armaments will be reduced the to lowest point friendly counsel along historically established lines of consistent with domestic safety. allegiance and nationality ; and international guarantees of the political and economic independence and terri- V. A free, open-minded, and absolutely impartial ad- torial integrity of the several Balkan states should be justment of all colonial claims, based upon a strict ob- entered into. servance of the principle that in determining all such questions of sovereignty the interests of the populations XII. The Turkish portions of the present Ottoman concerned must have equal weight with the equitable Empire should be assured a secure sovereignty, but the claims of the Government whose title is to be deter- other nationalities which are now under Turkish rule mined. should be assured an undoubted security of life and an absolutely unmolested opportunity of autonomous devel- VI. The evacuation of all Russian territory, and such opment, and the Dardanelles should be permanently a settlement of all questions affecting Russia as will opened as a free passage to the ships and commerce of secure the best and freest co-operation of the other na- all nations under international guarantees. tions of the world in obtaining for her an unhampered and unembarrassed opportunity for the independent XIII. An independent Polish state should be erected determination of her own political development and which should include the territories inhabited by indis- national policy, assure and her of a sincere welcome into putably Polish populations, which should be assured a the society of free nations under institutions of her free and secure access to the sea, and whose political own choosing; and, more than a welcome, assistance and economic independence and territorial integrity als(3 of every kind that she may need and may herself should be guaranteecj by international covenant. desire. The treatment accorded Russia by her sister nations in the months to come will be the acid test of XIV. A general association of nations must be their good will, of their comprehension of her needs as formed, under specific covenants, for the purpose of distinguished from their own interests and of their in- affording mutual guarantees of political independence telligent and unselfish sympathy. and territorial integrity to great and small states alike.

VII. Belgium, the whole world will agree, must be Mr. Wilson's declaration of fourteen peace points was evacuated and restored without any attempt to limit made a day after the British Prime Minister, David the sovereignty which she enjoys in common with all Lloyd George, had stated in a public address to the other free nations. No other single act will serve as trades unions what his country considered a basis for this will serve to restore confidence among the nations peace discussion.

f XXXII