26612 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 27, 1979 illinois, Mr. LELAND, Mr. DELLUMS, Mr. DIXON, QUAYLE, Mr. GUDGER, Mr LAFALCE, Mr. "SEc. 1001. There are authorized to be ap­ and Mr. STEWART. BLANCHARD, Mr. ALEXANDER, Mr. ANDERSON of propriated for the purposes or carrying out H.R. 5129: Mr. LOEFFLER. oa.Iifornia, Mr. TAUKE, Mr. WYLIE, Mr. the functions of the Bureau of Justice Sta­ H.R. 5243: Mr. MURPHY of New York, Ms. MURPHY of Pennsylvania, Mr. RANGEL, Mr. tistics $40,000,000 for each of the fiscal years MIKULSKI, Mr. CARNEY, •a.Ild Mr. D'AMOURS. DERWINSKI, Mr. O'BRIEN, Mr. CORRADA, Mr. ending September 30, 1980, 1981, 1982, and H.R. 5278: Mr. COELHO. SOLARZ, Mr. D'AMOURS, Mr. FITHIAN, Mr. KA­ 1983. There are authorized to be appropriated H.R. 5413: Mr. ROUSSELOT, Mr. SYMMS, Mr. ZEN, Mr. RINALDO, Mr. ERDAHL, Mr. MARKEY, for the purposes or carrying out the func­ YOUNG of Alaska, Mr. SATTERFIELD, Mr. ROB­ Mr. ANNUNZIO, Mr. PATTEN, Mr. BRODHEAD, Mr. tions of the National Institute of Justice ERT W. DANIEL, JR., and Mr. PAUL. GUARINI, Mr. BARNES, Mr. HYDE, Mr. DoN­ $25,000,000 for each or fiscal years ending H.J. Res. 69: Mr. BAFALIS. NELLY, Mr. RoDINO, Mr. LAGOMARSINO, Mr. September 30, 1980, 1981, 1982, and 1983. Of H.J. Res. 230: Mr. VENTO. DuNcAN of Oregon, Mr. LEACH of Louisiana, the total amount appropriated for parts B H.J. Res. 372: Mr. BEILENSON, Mr. MINETA, Mr. WALGREN, Mr. CORCORAN, Mr. GIAIMO, Mr. and C, at least 45 per centum shall be set Mr. VENTo, and Mr. DowNEY. KOGOVSEK, Mr. PATTERSON, Mr. RoTH, Mr. aside for the programs of the Bureau of H. Con. Res. 150: Mr. GOODLING. WHITEHURST, Mr. SCHEUER, Mr. MATHIS, Mr. Justice Statistics. There is authorized to be H. Con. Res. 179: Mr. OBERSTAR, Mr. STARK, BONER of Tennessee, Mr. COELHO, Mr. appropriated for parts D, E,". Mr. WoN PAT, Mr. BARNES, Mr. KEMP, Mr. CLAUSEN, Mr. PEPPER, Mr. LOTT, Mr. GLICK­ L.EHMAN, Mr. WHITEHURST, Mr. CONTE, Mr. MAN, Mr. NOWAK, Mr. BURGENER, Mr. FRENZEL, H.R. 5359 FROST, Mr. LEAcH or Iowa, Mr. PANETTA, Mr. Mr. HUGHES, Mr. JEFFORDS, Mr. VAN DEERLIN, By Mr. KRAMER: RICHMOND, Mrs. SPELLMAN, a.nd Mr. DOWNEY. Mr. OBEY, Mrs. FENWICK, Mr. BRADEMAS, Mr. -Page 62, after line 7, add the following IH. Res. 412: Mr. NOLAN, Mr. Russo, Mr. McEWEN, Mr. MOAKLEY, and Mr. VENTO. new section: BAILEY, Mr. KRAMER, Mr. KINDNESS, Mr. BE­ SEc. 776. None or the funds appropriated REUTER, Mr. FAUNTROY, Mr. LUNGREN, Mr. by this Act may be used to reduce the num­ LEE, Mr. FLOOD, Mr. TRAXLER, Mr. JACOBS, Mr. AMENDMENTS ber of personnel assigned to, or the support KEMP, Mr. YATRON, Mr. FROST, Mrs. HOLT, Mr. Under clause 6 of rule XXIII, pro­ or equipment levels at, any United States YouNG of Missouri, Mr. NEAL, Mr. MITcHELL of naval installation or facility at Guantana.mo Maryland, Mr. HANCE, Mr. HINSON, Mr. AT­ posed amendments were submitted as Bay, Cuba, below the number or such per­ KINSON, Mrs. BOGGS, Mr. LENT, Mr. BENJAMIN, follows: sonnel, or such support or equipment levels, Mr. PANETTA, Mr. MATSUI, Mr. MOTTL, Mr. H.R. 2061 on September 30, 1979, or to discontinue or GRADISON, Mr. FORSYTHE, Mr. LEACH of Iowa, By Mr. BROWN of CaU!ornia: reduce any military functions which were Mr. CAVANAUGH, Mr. DOUGHERTY, Mr. RoYER, -Page 228, strike out lines 10 through 17, primarily supported by such installation or Mr. WoLFF, Mr. MITCHELL of New York, Mr. and insert in lieu thereof the following: rac1Uty on September 30, 1979.

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

PROBLEM OF AMERICAN PRODUC­ more crucial to our economic health as a lower real pay • • • and a loss of competi­ TIVITY nation or our material prosperity as a people tiveness in world markets. In other words, than tha.t which I plan to address this after­ our current productivity problem is the noon. Ach1lles Heel of our nation's economy. HON. S. WILLIAM GREEN It is a subject that may carry the cure for Look at the numbers to see how far we've OF NEW YORK the vicious inflationary spiral that atnlcts fallen. us • • • help return us to the road of real Until 1970, productivity growth in the pri­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES economic growth • • • and hold our chief vate economy averaged over 3 percent a Wednesday, September 26, 1979 hope for a better quallty of life for us and year. In the 70's, however, productivity our children. growth has been battered-dipping to 1.8 per­ • Mr. GREEN. Mr. Speaker, for some It is the subject, ladies and gentlemen, of cent per year for the period 1970 to 1978. time I have shared the concern of many American productivity. To me, it is a. sub­ Last month, the Joint Economic Commit­ other Members of the House that Ameri­ ject that, at the same time, provokes con­ tee or Congress announced that in the sec­ can productivity is failing to keep pace cern • • • fear • • • and hope. ond quarter or this year, productivity in the with other industrialized nations of the My concern is that for the past 10 years, non-farm private business sector declined at world. In a speech yesterday in Los An­ the United States has had the lowest rate an annual rate of nearly 6 percent. That's the geles, Willard C. Butcher, president of of productivity growth of any modern indus­ largest drop since the government began trial nation. My fear is that if this trend keeping such records in 1947. the Chase Manhattan Bank, addressed continues, our standard of living will steadily What does this decline mean to the aver­ this issue and cited some alarming fig­ sink and our nation wlll become a second­ age American? In a word, plenty. Or, more ures. Mr. Butcher charged that if this rate industrial power before this century approprlately,la.ck of plenty. productivity gap continues, by 1985 it ends. My hope ls that all Americans and For one thing, it means the wage increases will cost each American household-in especially the business community will not demanded and secured by the American today's money-about $7,700 annually. only awaken to the perU or our dismal pro­ worker these days are not worth the payroll During his remarks, Mr. Butcher went ductivity performance-but also take action checks they're printed on. Rather, they are, on to suggest several steps which might to head off the danger we race. as a recent Chase advertisement put it­ This afternoon, I'd like first to analyze nothing more than a "grand illusion"­ be taken in order to begin to increase in productivity: then examine a few or the hopelessly devoured by inflation's voracious a relative sense our country's productive factors that have contributed to our current appetite. rate and I would like to share the text condition; and finally, talk about the actions For another thing, had we maintained a. of this speech with my colleagues at this that we must support if we are to turn this 3 percent productivity growth rate during the time: nation around and get it back on the path 70's, real U.S. output would now be $400 CLOSING OUR "PRODUCTIVITY GAP": KEY TO to prosperity. b1llion higher. And imagine what that would U.S. ECONOMIC HEALTH Productivity. The very word itself is mean in our struggle to fight poverty • • • maligned or misunderstood. It conjures up develop alternative energy sources • • • build I thank the chairma.n. for those kind !eellngs or: words. I must say I have always found the our productive capacity • • • and thereby people or this state to be most friendly. Beating the workers a Uttle harder • • • hasten a better quality o! life for our people. Sometimes, almost too friendly 1 Squeezing them to produce more • • •. It also would mean more personal income About a year ago, I gave a speech in Cali­ And then firing them when they do. for each and every American-about $4,000 fornia, and several folks came up afterwards The real definition of productivity, how­ more per household this year. By 1985, if this to say how much they enjoyed the talk. One ever, is simply output over input; the rela­ "productivity gap" continues, it wm cost elderly lady seemed overly enthusiastic. tionship between total physical output or a each American household-in today•s "Mr. Butcher," she said, "I do hope you factory, an industry or a nation and one or money-about $7,700 annually. plan to reprint that speech." I told her we more of the factors or input-labor, invested Seven thousand, seven hundred dollars in had no such plans that I knew of. But she capital, materials or the effort and ingenuity lost income! That's enough money each year was so insistent that I finally smiled and of management. Stated another way, pro­ to buy a new car • • • pay for a year or col­ said: "Perhaps it will be reprinted someday­ ductivity is the sum and. substance of the lege • • • or support an average fam1Iy's maybe posthumously." vitality or a nation's economy. rood blll. "Well," she replied, "I just hope it's soon!" In the United States, declining produc­ Internationally, the implications are just My topic today is one on which our nation tivity growth has led directly to higher as severe. Americans have grown accustomed must act soon. I can think of no subject prices • • • higher unemployment • • • to believing that our living standard is un-

• This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor. September 27, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 26613 matchable throughout the world. But ac­ The ratio of R&D to output reached its tlnue to apply public pressure on government cording to the American Productivity Cen­ U.S. peak of 3 percent in 1964 and has since to relinquish the regulatory stranglehold that ter in Houston, if current trends continue, dropped steadily-reaching just over 2 per­ has become a major impediment to American both Japan and West Germany will pass us cent last year. That translates to an R&D cut productivity. in overall productivity during the 1980's. of $10 billion per year. 4. A fourth and final challenge to produc­ The message in all this is clear. If we do Today, overseas competitors account for tivity lies squarely at the door of manage­ not take action at once to accelerate produc­ nearly 40 percent of the patents issued in the ment and labor. tivity growth and close our "productivity U .B.--double the number just 20 years ago. As critical as productivity growth is to gap", the average American will see his rela­ While private industry has historically the future of our nation, almost incredibly, tive standard of living drastically reduced in provided about 1 percent of GNP for research the concept remains--at least to some de­ the decade immedla tely ahead. and development--today's R&D is, to a large gree--an epithet to labor and an enigma to And that, in a nutshell, Is our productivity degree, "defensive" in nature; designed solely management. problem. To solve It, will require nothing less to comply with government regulations. Such Most managers, in fact, can't define it, than a fundamental change in our country's research does vii'tually nothing to aid pro­ don't measure it, don't plan for it and don't economic direction. ductivity performance. understand it. And that's tragic. In one Bu­ Let me suggest four interrelated areas that Now, what can we do about lagging U.S. reau of Labor statistics study of productivity demand our immediate attention to create R&D? gains for 15 manufacturing industries, the such fundamental change: As with capital, we can adjust tax policy­ U.S. ranked last in 12 categories and next to 1. The first is the need for increased capital extend coverage of the investment tax credit last in the remaining three. In non-manu­ investment. to include R&D, for example, or grant spe­ facturing industries, our performance is even This is pivotal in the productivity equa­ cial R&D incentives. Most important, we can worse, with the service sector-printing and tion. Increased capital investment leads to redirect research toward productive purposes publishing, retail food stores, insurance com­ increased productivity which, in turn, leads and away from counterproductive, regula­ panies, and, yes, banks--the worst of the to further increases in capital. And so it goes. tion-inspired "defensive" ones. lot. Despite enormous and growing needs for 3. And that brings me to my third requi­ To get at this problem, we must, as man­ capital formation in this country-around $4 site to improve productivity: the need to agers, begin immediately to plan, implement trillion during the next decade-the U.S. reduce government over-regulation. and measure productivity in our own capital stock has risen by a paltry 3 percent The sins of over-regulation have, by this companies. per year over the past five years. That's half time, been well documented. Over-regula­ At Chase for example, one such recent the rate of the preceeding decade. tion causes inemciencies. It hurts incentives program--designed to convert a volume-ori­ From 1960 to 1976, the average capital and innovation. It cUscourages risk-taking. It ented processing unit to a more emcient and investment for new plant and equipment as diverts capital from productive to non-pro­ productive operation-yielded heartening re­ a percent of GNP was lower in the United ductive uses. And it has unleashed a Niagara sults. Through the combination of in­ States than in any other Industrial nation. of paperwork that not only inundates omces creased accountab111ty • • • strategic auto­ Today, the average U.S. plant is 20 years and swamps executives, but threa.tens to cap­ mation • • • heightened training and de­ old-8 years older than the equivalent Ger­ size and sink the private enterprise system. velopment • • • and improved information man plant and more than 10 years older than Indeed, over-regulation has become the feedback-we successfully increased our rev­ the equivalent Japanese plant. cause celebre of every politician from the enues and lowered our costs, while improving Stated simply, the wealth of a nation-and State House in Sacramento to the White service quality. The simple lesson we learned therefore the well-being of its people-is its House in Washington. Burt; perceiving a prob­ was that productivity is one of the only con­ capital. And capital can only be derived lem and doing something to solve it are two trollable variables left to management. Or as through government surplus, personal sav­ different things. Peter Drucker once put it, "Productivity is ings and, most of all, corporate profits. I'm reminded of the story of the operatic the first test of management's competence." And today, those profits are, in a word, recital at the White House during the term Now, what about the role of labor in inadequate. That's right. I said inadequate of President Coolidge. The nervous soprano increasing productivity? profits. When adjusted for inflation, cor­ was trying her best to please the First Fam­ Much has been written about the disap­ porate profits are below 1960 levels. And ily, when one of the guests asked the Presi­ ne!l.ring "work ethic" in this country. With despite political cries that profits are "ob­ dent what he thought of the singer's execu­ inflation and taxes literally disposing of dis­ scene" or a "windfa.ll"-the truth is that tion. Coolidge looked the fellow straight in posable income-little wonder that the aver­ today's profits are insufficient to meet our the eye and said, "I'm all for it!" age worker is dislllusioned. But productivity country's expanding capital needs. Most of today's legislators say they are "all is not the worker's enemy. Now, what can we do about it? I think for" reducing regulation-but their actions On the contrary, most studies indicate that several things. reveal quite another story. In my own indus­ increased productivity leads to more, not few­ Certainly tax policy-the kind that en­ try, for example, 1978 saw more banking er, jobs in our economy. courages investment and discourages con­ regulation and legislation than at any time In 1977, the Commerce Department found sumption-must be part of any solution. For since the 1930's. No wonder Chase's econo­ that high technology companies created jobs mists have pegged the price the public pays 88 percent faster than other firms and real­ one thing, let's take a hard look at the effect ized productivity growth rates of almost 40 of marginal tax rates on increased produc­ for government regulation at over $100 bil­ lion each year. percent. tivity. For another, let's examine thoroughly Another study at General Electric showed the Value Added Tax-a consumption­ Clearly, we need decisive action to limit over-regulation and encourage productivity. that over a 24-year period, high technology oriented tariff that is a major source of gov­ industries increased employment by almost ernment revenue in Western Europe. Con­ Here are a few suggestions: Let's introduce "economic impact state­ 3 percent per year, while low technology in­ gress is now reviewing how we might use a dustries with low productivity formed jobs similar VAT-as an alternative to existing men ts"-regulation-by-regula.tion-to ensure that bureaucrats examine closely regulatory at a dismal 0.3 percent rate. taxes and hopefully, as an enhancement to No, productivity is not labor's nemesis. rn caoital investment and productivity. costs and their associated benefits. Let's modify so-called "enabling legisla­ point of fact, when workers' wage gains ex­ Related to tax pollcy is the need for stable tion" to make Congress itself responsible for ceed productivity increases--no one really U.S. economic pollcies-particularly in the the standards and objectives of regulation­ benefits and everyone suffers from higher energy area. These will help relieve business especially after it creates a regulatory agency. prices. of its current uncertainty about the future Let's a.dopt a goals-oriented approach to Productivity improvement, on the other of its investments. regulation-with government tell1ng us not hand, can bene1'1.t both wages and pro1'1.ts. It Finally, if our nation ls to become really how to do things but rather what it wants paves the way to new jobs, higher real productive again. we must stifle t he obscene accomplished. income, lower inflation and, most of all, a rhetoric about "obscene profits". Winston And let's eliminate the disincentives to more prosperous standard of living for all of Churchill once observed that it was "a social­ business and investment that regulations our people. As the American Federation of ist idea that making profits is a vice. The bring about; release the shackles on our com­ Labor put it in a formal declaration in 1919: real vice is making losses." That's one mes­ panies and leave the marketplace free to "The increased productivity of industry sa(7e we must make sure is not lost on our channel innovation into profitable and pro­ is a most potent factor in the ever increasing legislators. ductive and socially-desirable directions. struggle of the workers to raise their stand­ 2. A second factor to spur U.S. productivity Finally, let's corutinue-you and I-to ard of llvin~. The impor.tance of this factor imorovement is increased research and devel­ speak out loudly and lucidly against the ris­ must steadily increase • • • ." opment. ing tide of over-regulation. I'm pleased to Put another way, the most compelUng Traditionally, the U.S. has been the world's note that concerned institutions from The force we possess to improve our standard of le!l.der in develonlng and aoplylng new and Chase Bank to The Business Roundtable to living while at the same time fight inflation innovative technologies. But lately, U.S. in­ the American Bar Association have helped may very well be-increased productivity. vestment in R&D has lagged badly: focus public attention on reforming runaway When Jack Kennedy was President, he Over the last several years, our percentage regulations. compared America's growing economy to "a of GNP for research and development bas We've made some hea.dway in the battle, rising tide that lifts all the boats." Today, declined, while the same pen::entages in but we must not relent. As concerned busi­ our ship of economic growth has sprung a Japan and West Germany have increased. ness men and business women, we must con- serious leak. But "the report that the ship 26614 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Septetnber 27, 1979 is sinking," as economist Joseph Schumpeter THE VALUE-ADDED TAX: AN ECHO l.U"gely on the poor and the middle class, once put it, is not necessarily "defeatist." who pay a greater percentage of their in­ As I see it, we have two options. Number come than the rich. one, we can go down with the ship. Or num­ HON. PHILIP M. CRANE Professor Rothbard states, however, that ber two, we can man the productivity pumps OF ILLINOIS VAT is in many respects worse than the that w111 get us back on course toward sales tax: economic growth and a bett er quality of life. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Every business firm will be burdened by Our task, to be sure, is not an easy one. Thursday, September 27, 1979 the cost of innumerable record-keeping and Rarely in our history, as the Joint Eco­ collection for government. The result will be nomic Committee noted last month, have we e Mr. PHILIP M. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, an inexorable push of the business system been beset by such a raft of seemingly in­ often when listening to debate on new toward "vertical mergers" and the reduction soluble economic problems. But no other and innovative proposals to solve our of competition. economic system has ever achieved anything problems, I feel like I am standing in an The VAT wm, in addition, have a nega­ like the abundant wealth that the private echo chamber. Things keep coming back tive effect on employment. Professor Roth­ enterprise system and steadily increasing bard declares that: productivity have brought to the people of that were said earlier. They are no better In the first place, any firm that buys, say this country. today than when first uttered, but they machinery, can deduct the embodied VAT This great system has been our legacy. still keep bouncing back. In the case of from its own tax !1a.b111ty; but if it hires How you and I answer the economic chal­ the value-added tax-VAT-it did not workers, it can make no such deduction. The lenges that confront us today wlll largely solve the problems of overtaxation in result will be to spur over-mechanization determine whether our children wlll share 1973 and it will not solve the same prob­ and the firing of laborers. Secondly, part of in this bountiful legacy tomorrow.e lem in 1979. In 1973, VAT was supposed the long run effect of VAT wlll be to lower to replace property taxes; today it is the demand for labor and wage incomes, but proposed to replace social security taxes. since unions and minimum wage laws are MR. ERNEST E. RIGHETTI'S 46 When will the Federal Government stop able to keep wage rates up indefinitely, the YEARS OF DEDICATED SERVICE impact w111 be a rise in unemployment. looking for substitute taxes and realize I wish to share Professor Rothbard's TO THE COMMUNITY OF SANTA that America wants fewer taxes, not dif­ MARIA, CALIF. thoughtful analysis of the value added tax, ferent taxes? I urge each of my col­ which appeared in Human Events of March leagues to read the following speech and 11, 1972, with my colleagues, and insert it HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO article from the 1973 debate on VAT. into the RECORD at this time: OF CALIFORNIA VAT sounds a little more hollow every THE VALUE-ADDED TAX Is NoT THE ANSWER IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES time it bounces back in our faces: (By Murray N. Rothbard) VALUE-ADDED TAX Is NOT THE ANSWER One of the great and striking facts o! Thursday, September 27, 1979 Mr. Speaker, in recent days there have been recent months is the growing resistance to 0 Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, I calls for a new kind of tax, the value added further taxes on the part of the long-suffer­ would like to bring to the attention of tax. These calls come lilt a time when the ing American public. Every individual, busi­ American people have shown at the polls ness, or organization in American society my colleagues the fact that one of the that what they desire is lower taxes and less acquires its revenue by the peaceful and most public-spirited citizens of our day, governmental interference in their lives, not voluntary sale of productive goods and serv­ Mr. Ernest E. Righetti, has decided to more. ices to the consumer, or by voluntary dona­ step down from his position as school The advocllltes of the value added tax argue tions from people who wish to further what­ board trustee after 46 years of service. that this tax wlll replace property taxes, not ever the group or organization is doing. Only I would like to take this moment to be imposed in adddtion to existing tax bur­ government acquires its income by the coer­ dens. The history of taxation, however, has cive imposition of taxes. The welcome new honor, celebrate, recognize, and com­ shown us almost beyond a doubt that taxes 46 element is the growing resistance to further mend the selfless, loyal years of serv­ never go down. Government, in its continu­ tax exactions by the American people. ice and dedication by Ernest E. Righetti ing quest for new funds, never relaxes its In its endless quest for more and better to the community of Santa Maria, Calif. hold on existing sources of revenue. booty, the government has contrived to tax Mr. Righetti has served as trustee on What the value added tax is, essentially, everything it can find, and in countless ways. local school boards, beginning with his is a na.tional sales tax, levied in proportion Its motto can almost be said to be: "If it 27 years as Orcutt District trustee. From to the goods and services produced and sold. moves, tax it!" It is also a concealed tax, for the VAT is Every income, every activity, every piece 1946-63, Ernie served on the high school levied at each step of the w.a.y in the pro­ board, and from 1946-79, for 33 years, of property, every person in the land is sub­ duction process: on farmer, manufacturer, ject to a battery of tax extortions, direct and he was trustee on the board of Alan Han­ jobber and wholesaler, and only slightly on indirect, visible and invisible. There is of cock College. For 29 of these years, he the reta.Uer. course nothing new about this: what is new served as chairman of that board. When a consumer pays a 7-percent tax on is that the accelerating drive of the govern­ Mr. Righetti has touched the lives of every purchase, he is indignant a.nd resent­ ment to tax has begun to run into deter­ countless individuals and has shared his ful toward government. But if the 7-percent mined resistance on the part of the Ameri­ wisdom professionally and personally tax is hidden and paid by every firm rather can citizenry. from student to educator. than just at retail, the inevitably higher It is no secret that the income tax, the prices will be blamed, not on the Govern­ favorite o! government for its ablllty to A longtime resident of Santa Maria, ment, but on grasping businessmen and reach in and openly extract funds from Ernie graduated from Santa Maria High avaricious trade unions. everyone's income, has reached its polltical in 1921. For more than 50 years, he has The late Frank Chodorov explained clearly limit in this country. The poor and the mid­ been a member of the County Cattle­ the desire of Government for hidden taxa­ dle class are not taxed so heavily that the men's Association, the Elks Club, the tion: federal govenment, in particular, dares not Rancheros Vistadores, and the AI Malai­ It 1s not the size of the yield, nor the cer­ try to extort even more ruinous levies. tainty of collection which gives indirect taxa­ The outraged taxpayer, after all, can eastly kah Shrine Temple. He has served on the tion (read: VAT) preeminence in the state's Santa Barbara County committee for become the outraged voter. How outraged scheme of approprillltion. Its most commend­ the voters can be was brought home to the school district organization since 1941. able quality is that of being surreptitious. politicians last November, when locality Mr. Righetti also serves as chairman It is taking, so to speak, while the victim is after locality throughout the country rose of the advisory board of the Bank of not looking. in wrath to vote down proposed bond is­ America for Santa Maria. He is currently DiScussing the value added tax, Prof. sues, even for the long-sacrosanct purpose of president of the Santa Maria Valley Re­ Murray Rothbard, author of a number of expanding public schools. imuortant books, including Man, Economy source Conservation District. For 8 years, Bind the State, and a. professor of economics DEFEAT IN NEW YORK from 1969-77, he was a member of the at Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute, notes The most heartening example--and one county fair board. that- that can only give us all hope for a free Ernie Righetti's countless years of VAT allows the government to extract America-was in New York City, where every service and dedication to the people, to many more funds from the public-to bring leading polltician of both parties, aided and the quality and future of Santa Maria about higher prices, lower production and abetted by a. heavily financed and dema­ lower incomes-and yet totally escape the gogic TV campaign, urged the voters to sup­ remain with us an inspiration for the port a transportation bond issue. Yet the years ahead. My good friend, Ernest blame, which ca.n easily be loaded on busi­ ness, unions, or the consumer as the particu­ bond issue was overwhelmingly defeated­ Righetti, shows all of us how far and lar administration sees fit. and this lesson for all our politicians was effectively the efforts of a single man, A common criticism is that the VAT, like a sharp and salutary one. wise and gifted, can reach.e the sales tax, is a regressive tax, falling Finally, the property tax, the mainstay of September 27, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 26615 local government as the income tax is at of the property tax sounds good to many pose another grave problem for the market the federal level, is now generally acknowl­ Americans. economy. Obviously, small firms are less able edged to have a devastating effect on the But anyone familiar with the history of to bear these costs than big ones, and so the nation's housing. 'Ihe property tax discour­ government or taxation should know the trap VAT will be a powerful burden on small busi­ ages improvements and investments in hous­ in this sort of promise. For we should all ness and hamper it gravely in the competi­ ing, has driven countless Americans out of know by now that taxes never go down. Gov­ tive struggle. It is no wonder that some big their homes, and has led to spiraling tax ernment, in its insatiable quest for new businesses look with favor on the VAT! abandonments in, for example, New York funds, never relaxes its grip on any source of There is another grave problem with VAT, City, with a resulting deterioration of revenue. a prOblem that the Western European coun­ blighted slum housing. You know and I know that the property tries which have adopted VAT are already "Government, in short, has reached its tax tax, even if replaced for school financing, will struggling with. limit; the people were finally saying an em­ not really go down; it will simply be shifted In the VAT, every firm sends its invoices to phatic 'No!' to any further rise in their tax to other expensive boondoggles of local gov­ the VAT embodied in its invoices for goods burden. What was ever-encroaching govern­ ernment. And we also know full well that the bought from other firms. The result is an ment going to do? 'Ihe nation's economists, VAT w111 not long be limited to financing the irresistible opening for cheating, and in most of whom are ever eager to serve as tech­ schools; its vast potential (a 10 per cent VAT Western Europe there are specific firms whose nicians for the expansion of state power, would bring in about $60 billion in revenue) business is to write out fake invoices which were at hand with an answer, a new rabbit is just too tempting for the government not can reduce the tax llabUities of their "cus­ out of the hat to save the day for Big to use it to the hilt, and, in the famous tomers." Those businesses more wllling to Government." words of New Dealer Harry Hopkins: "to tax cheat wlll then be forced in the competi­ They pointed out that the income tax and and tax, spend and spend, elect and elect." tive struggle of the market. property tax were too evident, too visible, Let us now delve more deeply into the spe­ A further crucial fiaw exists in the VAT, and that so are the generally hated sales cific na,ture of the VAT. A given percentage a fiaw which will bring much grief to our tax and excise taxes on specific commodities. (the Nixon Administration proposal is 3 per economic system. Most people assume that But how about a tax that remains totally cent) is levied, not on retail sales, but on the such a tax will simply be passed on in higher hidden, that the consumer or average Amer­ sales of each stage of production, with the prices to the consumer. But the process is ican cannot identify and pinpoint as the ob­ business firm deducting from its liab111ty the not that simple. While, in the long run, prices ject of his wrath? It was this deliciously tax embodied in the purchases that he makes to consumers will undoubtedly rise, there hidden quality that brought forth the rapt from previous stages. It is thus a sales tax will be two other important effects: a large attention of the Nixon Administration, the hidden at each stage of production, from the short-run reduction in business profits, and "Value Added Tax" (VAT}. farmer or miner down to the retailer. a long-run fall in wage incomes. The critical blow to profits, .while perhaps The great individualist Frank Chodorov, A "REGRESSIVE" TAX once an editor of HuMAN EvENTS , explained only "short-run," wm take place at a time clearly the hankering of government for hid­ The most common criticism is that the of business recession, when many firms and den taxation: "It is not the size of the yield, VAT, like the sales tax, is a "regressive" tax, Industries are suffering from low profits and nor the certainty of collection, which gives falling largely on the poor ana the middle even from business losses. The low-profit indirect taxation [read: VAT] preeminence class, who pay a greater percentage of their firms and industries will be severely hit by in the state's scheme of appropriation. Its income than the rich. This is a proper and the Imposition of VAT, and the result w111 be most commendable quality is that of being important criticism, especially coming at a to cripple any possible recovery and plunge surrepitious. It is taking, so to speak, while time when the middle class is already suffer­ us deeper into recession. Furthermore, new the victim is not looking. ing from an excruciating tax burden. and creative firms, which usually begin small "Those who strain themselves to give tax­ The Nixon Administr&tion proposes to alle­ and with low profits, will be simllarly ation a moral character are under obliga­ viate the burden on the poor by rebating the crippled 'before they have scarcely begun. tion to explain the state's preoccupation taxes through the income tax. While this The VAT wm also have a severe, and with hiding taxes in the price of goods." may alleviate the tax burden on the poor, so far unacknowledged, effect in aggravating (Frank Chodorov, Out of Step, Devin-Adair, the middle class, which pays most of our unemployment, which is already at a high 1962, p. 220.) taxes anyway, will hardly be benefited. recession rate. The grievous impact on un­ The VAT is essentially a national sales tax, "Furthermore, there is a more sinister ele­ employment will be twofold. In the first levied in proportion to the goods and serv­ ment in the rebate plan : for some of the place any firm that buys, say, machinery, ices produced and scld. But its delightful poor w111 get cash payments from the IRS, can deduct the embodied VAT from its own concealment comes from the fact that the thereby bringing in the disastrous principle tax liability; but 1f it hires workers, it can VAT is levied at each step of the way in the of the guaranteed annual income {FAP) make no such deduotlon. The result wlll be production process: on farmer, manufac­ through the back door." to spur over-mechanization and the firing of turer, jobber and wholesaler, and only But the VAT is in many ways far worse laborers. slightly on the retailer. than a sales tax, apart from its hidden and Secondly, part of the long-run effect of VAT The difference is that when a consumer clandestine nature. In the first place, the w111 be to lower the demand for labor and pays a 7 per cent sales tax on every purchase, VAT advocates claim that since each firm wage incomes; but since unions and the min­ his indignation rises and he points 1lhe finger and stage of production will pay In propor­ inurn wage laws are able to keep wage rates of resentment at the politicians in charge of tion to its "value added" to production, there U:J indefinitely, the impact wlll ·be a r15e in government; but if the 7 per cent tax is w111 be no misallocation effects along the unemployment. Thus, from two separate and hidden and paid by every firm rather than way. compounding directions, VAT will aggravate just at retail, the inevitably higher prices But this ignores the fact that every busi­ an already serious unemployment prOblem. will be charged, not to the government where ness firm will be burdened by the cost of in­ Hence, the American public w111 pay a it belongs, but to grasping businessmen and numerable record-keeping and collection for high price Indeed for the clandestine nature avaricious trade unions. the government. The result will be an Inex­ of the VAT. We will be mulcted of a large While consumers, businessmen and unions orable push of the business system toward and increasing amount of funds, extracted all blame each other for infiation like KU­ "vertical mergers" and the reduction of com­ in a hidden but no less burdensome manner, kenny cats, Papa government is able to pre­ petition. just at a tLme when the government seemed serve its lofty moral purity, and to join in Suppose, for example, that a crude oil pro­ to have reached the lltnlt of the tax burdelf denouncing all of these groups for "causing ducer adds the value of $1,000, and that an that the people will allow. It will ~ funds infiation." oil refiner adds, another $1,000, and suppose that wm aggravate the burdeils on the al­ It is now easy to see the enthusiasm of for simplicity that the VAT is 10 per cent. ready long-suffering average middle-class the federal government and its economic Theoretically, it should make no difference American. And to top it off, the VAT will advisers for the new scheme for a VAT. It if the firms are separate or "integrated"; in qrJpple profits, ln.jure competition. small allows the government to extract many more the former case, each firm would pay $100 business and new creative firms, raise prices, funds from the public-to bring about to the government; in the latter, the Inte­ and greatly aggravate unemployment. It w111- higher prices, lower production and lower in­ grated firm would pay $200. But since this p1t consumers against business, and intenstfy comes-and yet totally escape the blame, comforting theory ignores the substantial oonfiiots within society. which can easily be loaded on business, One of Parkinson's justly famous "laws.'! flf costs of record-keeping and collection, in that, for government, "expenditure rises to unions, or the consumer as the particular practice if the crude oil firm and the oil re­ administration sees fit. meet income." If we allow the g-overnment finer were integrated Into one firm, making t.o ftn1 and exuloit new sources of tax funds, The VAT is, in short, a looming, gigantic only one payment, their costs could be lower. swindle upon the American public, and it It will slm'Dly use those funds to s-pend more is therefore vitally important that it shall VERTICAL MERGERS anrt more. and ae-gravate the already fearsome not pass. For if it does, the encroaching men­ Henct', vertical mergers will be induced by burden of Big Government on the American ace of Big Government wlll get another, and the VAT, after which the Anti-Trust Divi­ eoonomv and the American citizen. prolonged, lease on life. sion of the Department of Justice would The only way to reduce Big Government ta One of the selling points for VAT Is that begin to clamor that the free market is pro­ to out its tax revenue, and to force tt to it is supposed only to replace the property ducing "monopoly" and that the merger stay within its more llmited means. We must tax for its prime task of financing local pub­ must be broken by government fiat. see to it that government has less tax funda lic schools. Any relief of the onerous burden The costs of record-keepi.ng, and payment to play with, not more. The first step on C.XXV--1674-Part 20 26616 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 27, 1979 this road to lesser government and greater employees. It was also an emergency hos­ In the I.C.U. we did see one patient freedom is to see the VAT for the swindle pital. wbo was recovering from myocardial infarc­ that it is, and to send it down to defeat.e The staff at this hospital was much more tion. The monitor equipment appeared quite cordial and relaxed-probably reflecting the adequate; in fact the I. C. U. appeared fairly ethnic character of the area. We all noted nice except for the army style tubular frame A CHICAGO DOCTOR'S VISIT TO A once we got into Armenia that the people beds. The cardiologist was young and ap­ SOVIET HOSPITAL were more relaxed and smiled and seemed peared well trained. to go about their work' with a greater air of As with the other hospitals, reconstruc­ relief and indifference. It certainly appeared tion was under way. However, we were lucky HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI to us that the Armenians regarded this area in that we were ushered into a newly recon­ OF ILLINOIS as a self sufficient country just attached to structed surgical suite. There was one long Russia. large room, actually housing two operating IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES We were able to visit the Intensive Care room tables so that two separate types of Thursday, September 27, 1979 Unit of this hospital. They call it the "re-ani­ surgery could be done at the same time l Air­ mation" unit. In order to go into the area we conditioning was provided by three window e Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, the were obliged to put white "booties" on over units! We were all appalled. Again, no sur­ Greek Star is widely regarded in the Chi­ our shoes so that we don't take bacteria into gery was being done and patients were hard cago area for its excellent accounting of the re-animation unit. However, we brought to find. activities in the Hellenic community as all the bacteria on the wet dirty booties. I have been asked by many "how good is well as for its objectives and diverse re­ Once inside we noted there were 24 I.C.U. the medical care in Russia?" I can't right­ porting on foreign affairs. In the Sep­ beds-all empty-all army cot type steel fully answer this since we did not actually frame tubing and all with chipped paint. evaluate patient records and talk with pa­ tember 20 edition of this newspaper, Dr. The monitoring equipment was adequate tients. However, based upon my observations Angelo P. Creticos, medical director of and abundant. When asked where were all of the hospitals I would have to conclude the Henrotin Hospital in Chicago, re­ the patients, we were again advised people that medical care is highly compromised. I ports on conditions he found while visit­ were on vacation and no one gets sick in believe the following true anecdote will shed ing Soviet hospitals. I wish to insert his summer. Yet this was an Emergency Hos­ additional light on this question. article for the Members' attention: pital. We did note, however, that although we A member of our party suffers from se­ had to put booties on, the flies seemed to vere arthritis and is on steroids now !or CHICAGO DoCTOR VISITS SOVIET HOSPITALS; several years. As a result, he is Cushinoid FINDS CONDITIONS DEPLORABLE have no restrictions. Again, the windows were without screens and the unit was without and has diabetes and is on insulin. At the (By Angelo P. Creticos, M.D.) airconditioning so that flies came in at will. Moscow airport he feU on arrival and badly (Dr. Oreticos is the Medical Director of While giving us a summary of this unit, we skinned his right leg. Once all were processed Henrotin Hospital in Chicago.) noted the head doctor walked freely into the through cust01ns and we got to our hotel The Medical Director (head doctor) is also unit without booties. I asked our guide to at least five hours had elapsed. the administrator. At this hospital the aver­ ask him how could he come into the unit in Once he was settled in his room the emer­ age nurse's salary is about $200-$225 per a:>propriate attire while we were required to gency service was called. They dispatched a month. The average physician's salary is wear booties. The guide refused to ask the doctor in an ambulance and she came to $250-$300. Our In-Tourist Russian guide question, saying only he was the Director, as see the man in his room.. Upon seeing his made $300 a month. The garbage collector if the bacteria had been informed of this. wound she realized it needed debridement. of the suburb made $450-$500 a month. The leaking and rusting sinks were again She proceeded to remove from her pocket We were informed by our head doctor that noted-and especially noted was that broken an unsheathed scalpel. She blew on the blade about 87 percent of Russian physicians are doors, windows, etc. were left that way. There and proceeded to remove the dead tissue women. They have a permanent staff of 300 was again a large wing of this hospital that without applying any antiseptic to the physicians on that 1,500 bed hospital and was closed for reconstruction. Again, the wound and without a sterile scalpel. As the have another 100-150 physicians who are in mortar and stone seemed to be crumbling patient writhed in pain she introduced the specialty or refresher training. and the stone did not seem to line up group to a new anaesthetic. She pulled from The areas we were taken to at this Moscow properly. Again the Emergency Room ramp her pocket a round plastic teething ring, hospital included the operating rooms. There was hardly used while we were there so that shoved it into the patient's mouth and were 8 of these but 4 were shut down for re­ we again wondered how busy the place actu­ showed him how to bite down on it. She pair and only one operation was in progress ally was. proceeded with her debridement of the that morning while we were there. We were The director was a neurosurgeon so he wound and when finished wiped the scalpel not allowed into the inner area to observe and proudly took us to his division. There was a with some towel and put it back into her this was understandable. postoperati7e patient who had his subdural pocket unsheathed. Then she removed the We were then taken to the x-ray depart­ hematoma drained the day before, and this teething ring from his mouth, waved it in ment where all the floors were wooden planks patient thrashed about in the narrow bed the air to dry and put it into a plastic bag which we.re uneven and did not fit tightly to­ and we were concerned he would fall out. and put it into her pocket. Then she applied gether. The floor was badly stained wit.h blood There were no side rails and when we asked some sort of anaesthetic to the wound, which apparently they could not clean out. about them we were advised that they did not wrapped it and left. By some miracle the The equipment was outdated. They had new need them since somebody was with the pa­ wound did not get infected. However, units on order including a C.T. body scan­ tient all the time. What actually happens is whether he eventually comes down with ner from Siemens and expected this deliv­ that the patient's family is obligated to stand hepatitus remains to be seen.e ered before the Olympics. Again, our visit a 24-hour watch over their relative until such was at about 11 a.m. and there wasn't a sin­ time as the patient can ambulate and care gle patient or technician around. for himself. TALLAHASSEE POLICE CHIEF RE­ Our next stop was Physical Therapy where TIRES: OUTSTANDING ADMINIS­ there is heavy concentration on equipment The third hospital was in Baku-the capi­ and modalities of treatment. They are very tal of the Moslem state. Baku has 1.5 million TRATOR; FINE MAN heavy users of electrical stimulation and ion people and the hospital we saw was respon­ treatment. The equipment was very old and sible for the medical care of the employees HON. DON FUQUA the diwthermy was especially antique. They of the Caspian Steamship Line only. It con­ apparently use biofeedback quite a bit. Again sisted of about 400 beds and it was 17 years OF FLORIDA there were almost no patients in this large old. It appeared to be in much better physical IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES physical therapy fac111ty. shape than the other two hospitals noted above even though it was considerably older. Thursday, September 27, 1979 We were then ushered into the pulmonary Areas that we were shown were clean, but • Mr. FUQUA. Mr. Speaker, it is my treatment fac111ty. Here they use oxygen to stark, and in general beds were empty. How­ a great extent with patients sitting at a ma­ ever, there were several rooms where the great pleasure today to commend to your chine and breathing deeply aerosolized oxy­ panels on the upper one half of the door were attention the career of a fine law en­ gen vapor. These devices were set up over broken. On tiptoeing and looking into the forcement officer who is about to end his sinks so that patients can expectorate di­ opening we could see terrible overcrowding career. rectly into the sink and continue with their of patients with nine patients in an area that Pollee Chief Robert G. Maige of the treatment. We completed our visit to this properly should house only four. hospital with some of our group visiting the Tallahassee Police Department exempli­ dining room for the employees. The files, heat The plumbing in this hospital was by far fies all the qualities of dedication, de­ and generally poor housekeeping caused them the worst of the three hospitals visited and cency, and determination which com­ again the problem is one of poor construc­ prise the ideal policeman. to terminate this visit quickly. tion and almost no maintenance. Like­ Our next hospital was In Yerevan, Armenia. wi,e, the housekeeping was poorer than in Chief Maige has demonstrated time a city of about 1.2 million people. This hos­ the others. We npt only noted an abundance and again to the citizens of Florida's pl tal was two years old and appeared to be of flies, especially in the employees' cafeteria capital city that he is not only a knowl­ in worse condition than the one in Moscow. area, but also several cats inside the hospital edgeable and innovative police adminis­ It had an 800-bed capacity and about 900 feasting off the employees' long food tables. trator but a compassionate human being. September 27, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 26617 A policeman's lot is not an easy one, AMENDING THE 1934 VINSON -TRAM­ pealed. Second, all noncompetitive De­ but Chief Maige has walked the tight­ MELLACT partment of Defense contracts in excess rope between compassion for his fellow of $5 million would be subject to a profit man and his duty to uphold the law in ceiling of 15 percent and deductions for such a manner as to bring credit not only HON. JERRY M. PATTERSON amounts earned under value engineering to himself but the entire Tallahassee OF CALIFORNIA and performance incentive provisions of Police Department and the image of law IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the contract would be permitted. Third, enforcement in general. Thursday, September 27, 1979 first-tier subcontractors would be subject Chief Maige was born in Leon County, to the act only if the subcontract is let which includes Tallahassee, in 1913 and e Mr. PATTERSON. Mr. Speaker, the noncompetitively and if the subcontract worked on the family farm until he was Vinson-Trammell Act of 1934, limits exceeds $5 million. Fourth, the Secretary 23 when he accepted a job as a jailer for profits on shipbuilding and aircraft con­ of Defense is instructed that regulations Leon County. tracts to 10 percent and 12 percent, re­ on the implementation of this act must Two years later he accepted a position spectively. These limits, moreover, apply minimize paperwork requirements in or­ as night patrol officer with the Talla­ to all such contracts in excess of $10,000. der to contain compliance costs. Fifth, hassee Police Department, a job which To exacerbate the paperwork problem losses on noncompetitive Defense De­ in those days allowed only 2 nights off entailed in covering contracts from a partment contracts, regardless of the a month and required the patrolman to $10,000 floor, subcontractors at any level contract price, would be allowed as a work shifts from 8 p.m. until 6 am. hired by the prime contractor would also credit against excess profits owed. In the Since that time Chief Maige has been be required to comply with the act. These event of a contractor net loss situation, a a Tallahassee city policeman continu­ are among the most glaring problems 4-year carryforward is permitted. Sixth, ously except for a break of some 2% with the Vinson-Trammell Act. In short, this program would be subject to a 5- years for military service during World it represents a bureaucratic nightmare. year sunset date and annual reports to War II. The Vinson-Trammell Act was super­ Congress by the Secretary of Defense In 1947, Chief Maige was promoted to ceded by the Renegotiation Act of 1951. will be required. Seventh, the act repeals sergeant and placed in charge of one of However, w'hen the Renegotiation Board current profit limitations as of October 1, the department's three shifts. He was was phased out earlier this year, Vinson­ 1976, the date when the Renegotiation promoted to lieutenant in the detective Trammell came back into force. It has Board's authority to review new con­ division in 1950. He rose to captain in not been implemented by the Internal tracts expired. The new profit monitor­ 1953. He became assistant chief in 1962 Revenue Service for more than 20 years. ing program, however, would not be ef­ and became police chief on September 1, Yet because the Agency is mandated by fective retroactively to that date but as 1968. existing law to reimplement the 1934 of 120 days after the date of enactment. With Chief Maige's retirement on Sep­ Act, proposed regulations must be Mr. Speaker, in closing I would re­ tember 30, Tallahassee will lose the serv­ written. mind my colleagues that the substitute I ices of a valued and distinguished public To enforce the act as it is now written propose for the 1934 Vinson-Trammell servant. would be unwise. It would involve more Act is an objective and mechanical proc­ It is with real pride that I commend than 10,000 additional audit renorts an­ ess which is easy to administer and tar­ Chief Robert Maige's career to my col­ nually, creating in excess of 500,000 gets large and noncompetitive contracts leagues and at the same time thank him pieces of paper. In order to implement for regulation. It is my understanding for his contributions to making my own the 1934 Act, IRS would have to increase that the cost to DOD of implementing State's capital city one of the finest and its work force by almost 1,500 revenue this program would be less than $500,000 safest places to live.• agents, clerks, and support staff. The per year and that returns to taxpayers cost of such new hiring and administra­ during the first year of the new program tion could easily exceed $120 million of could exceed $25 million.• taxpayer funds. TRIBUTE TO WILLIAM HOTALING The solution: Mr. Speaker, now is the appropriate time to revise the Vinson­ A TRIDUTE TO EDWIN LINK Trammell Act. Earlier this year, two HON. HAROLD C. HOLLENBECK separate measures were proposed. OF NEW JERSEY H.R. 3623 introduced by Congressman HON. BARRY M. GOLDWATER, JR. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES MINISH, would reestablish a renegotia­ OF CALIFORNIA Thursday, September 27, 1979 tion-like process within the Internal IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Revenue Service. This approach will cer­ Thursday, September 27, 1979 e Mr. HOLLENBECK. Mr. Speaker, Mr. tainly raise issues similar to those en­ William Hotaling, who has compiled 25 countered in the debate last year against e Mr. GOLDWATER. Mr. Speaker, 50 years of distinguished service as the Bor­ renegotiation, and thus I fear such ap­ years ago, Edwin A. Link perfected what ough of Cresskill, N.J. clerk, has retired proach will not be successful because it is he called an "efficient aeronautical train­ from his position. I wish to join borough inefficient and bureaucratic. ing aid," built in the basement of his officials and residents of Cresskill in pay­ H.R. 3254 introduced by Congressman father's organ and piano factory in Bing­ ing much-deserved tribute to Mr. Hotal­ McCLOSKEY would simply repeal Vinson­ hamton, N.Y. From this "pilot maker"­ ing in recognition, not only of the longev­ Trammell's profit ceilings for shipbuild­ a cockpit mounted on pneumatic bel­ ity of his service, but of his significant ing and aircraft construction contracts, lows-grew a whole new industry which contributions during the past quarter of and allow unjust profits at public this year celebrates its golden anniver­ a century. expense. sary. It is with great pleasure and pride During his tenure, and due in great These proposals introduced by two of that I join the people who honor Ed Link part to his efforts, the borough con­ our distinguished colleagues represent on this occasion. Inventor, businessman, structed a new department of public both ends of the spectrum. It appears to explorer, and philanthropist, Ed's story works building, a library, and a firehouse. me that the costs of administering H.R. is a tribute to what a creative imagina­ A sewer system was planned and devel­ 3623 may be just as prohibitive as re­ tion-and a lot of hard work-can ac­ oped. County bus service was extended to instating the 1934 Act. While H.R. 3254 complish. borough residents, and the roads and the is simple-a straight repeal-it raises Link's aviation trainer "got off the educational system were steadily im­ policy concerns which cannot be an­ ground" in 1934 when Ed piloted his proved to keep pace with Creskill's swered adequately by pointing to the ex­ plane to a meeting with the U.S. Army needs. istence of other procurement regulations. Air Corps to discuss the problems it was It has been my great personal and Therefore, I am today introducing leg­ having flying the mail in bad weather. professional privilege to work with Mr. islation which represents the middle It was a foggy day, but Ed arrived on Hotaling, and I extend to him my grati­ ground between H.R. 3623 and H.R. 3254. schedule, explaining that he had learned tude for his assistance to me, my com­ Let me explain my bill briefly. instrument flying in his trainer. The Air mendation for his fine record of service, First, the shipbuilding and aircraft Corps promptly ordered six. These "blue and my very best wishes for happiness contract profit ceilings of 10 percent and boxes," as they were called, came into and good health in his retirement.• 12 percent, respectively, would be re- their own during World War II, when 26618 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 27, 1979 over 10,000 were produced-training This counts as far as possible actual His service was interrupted by World more than 500,000 airmen. units produced, not the "deflated" dollar War II for a 3-year period during which Long distance flying is taken for value of production. he distinguished himself in defense of granted now-a computer ticket, a mar­ Recently George Terborgh, formerly our Nation. Mr. Schiesel was awarded tini, a snooze and you are there. But the widely respected research director of Army combat stars for action in the several decades ago, the practicality of the Machinery and Allied Products In­ Battle of the Bulge, the Battle of the long flights had to be proven by aviator stitute, has compared manufacturing Rhineland, and the Battle of Central pioneers, who launched their planes into productivity performance over almost 30 Germany. skies that were far less predictable than years using the two different measures­ He returned to Secaucus as assistant they are now. It was Ed Link's trainer, and GNP and the Federal Reserve Board town clerk and assumed his present posi­ and his later development of night flying production index. The results are strik­ tion as town clerk in 1946. and navigation aids, that made pilots ing. Two main conclusions emerge from As clerk, Mr. Schiesel has been the more of a match for the hazards in the his study. keeper of town records, documenting the sky. Increasingly sophisticated versions First, productivity improvement in community's transition from a rural to of the first flight trainer have taken man manufacturing has been better over the an urban center, and he has worked from relatively simple Earth-bound whole period since 1951 when the phys­ hard to insure that the development has flights to the complex simulation of ical output measure is used, and this is progressed in orderly fashion according outer space. As such, they are helping to particularly the case in the present to plan. To this end, AI Schiesel has develop a safer and more carefully decade, when the concern over produc­ served in a voluntary position for the planned program for accomplishing our tivity has mounted. past 23 years as a member of the Secau­ future goals in air and in space. Second, the divergence between the cus planning Board. In addition, he func­ Ed Link's little airplanes never left the two measures becomes noticeable only tions as tax searcher and register of vital ground. Yet, his imagination, and the at times of significant inflation, sug­ statistics. aviation industry, has continued to soar. gesting that inflation is the culprit in A public servant in the truest sense of Today, I and many Members of the Con­ the measurement problem. In the period the word, Mr. Schiesel has been respon­ gress congratulate Ed Link for an inven­ from 1958 to 1965, when there was pra::ti­ sible for smooth continuity in local gov­ tion which pioneered the field of flight cally no inflation, the two series on pro­ ernment. He has assured that, on a day­ simulation. Tomorrow, I am sure Ed will ductivity move together. But since 1965, to-day basis, Borough Hall stands ready discover other worlds to conquer.• the beginning of our era of inflation, the to respond to the needs of her citizens. physical volume series shows that man­ He will be missed. ufacturing productivity has risen about I am proud of my association withAl SOME NEW LIGHT ON THE 48 percent Wlhile the GNP series shows it Schiesel, and I know my colleagues in PRODUCTIVITY QUESTION rising only about 31 percent, ·a difference Congress join with me in extending all of more than 1 percent a year. good wishes for success in his future Mr. Terborgh raises what he calls a endeavors.• HON. WILLIAM S. MOORHEAD "haunting question"-whether the proc­ OF PENNSYLVANIA ess of inflation adjustment, which clear­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ly imparts a downward bias to the manu­ TIMERMAN FREED Thursday, September 27, 1979 facturing productivity figures, has the same effe:t across the economy as a HON. NORMAN F. LENT e Mr. MOORHEAD of Pennsylvania. Mr. whole. Speaker, our Nation's productivity per­ It is clear bv any measure that there OF NEW YORK formance, the source of so much legiti­ has been a productivity slowdown in some IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mate concern, may not be as bad as our sectors, such as in mining and public Thursday, September 27, 1979 official statistics indicate. Productivity utilities W'here new government regula­ • Mr. LENT. Mr. Speaker, I would like has always created problems of measure­ tions have probably played a role. Our ment, but those problems have apparent­ to direct the attention of my colleagues concern about productivity is warranted, to an occurrence on September 25, 1979, ly been magnified in an era of inflation, for it remains the key to a higher stand­ with the result that our productivity im­ that is heartening to all those who ard of living. The Subcommittee onEco­ champion the cause of human rights. I provement has probably been under­ nomic Stabilization of the Banking Com­ stated. refer to Argentina's release of Jacobo mittee, of which I am chairman, wlll con­ Timerman, internationally famous Productivity, or output per hour tinue to follow the Government's efforts journalist and defender of human rights, worked, is derived by matching labor in­ in this broad area. But there may be after having been detained under house put against total production. The dif­ some comfort in the awareness that we arrest for 2% years. ficulty arises in measuring the produ~­ are probably not in such bad slhape as we As editor and founder of the leading tion side of this equation. The "physical" have thought.• Argentine newspaper, La Opinion, Mr. or "real" volume of production is calcu­ Timerman was a strong advocate of lated in our basic national accounts by AL SCHIEBEL human rights and was quick to denounce first finding the dollar value of produc­ the violations of these rights as he wit­ tion and then adjusting for higher prices, nessed them in his own country. Conse­ or inflation. If there is any error in the HON. HAROLD C. HOLLENBECK quently, in April of 1978, Jacobo Timer­ inflation correction used, there is a cor­ OF NEW JERSEY man was kidnaped by military security responding error in the measurement of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES agents and held without charges despite real output and hence in productivity. a ruling of the Argentine Supreme Court The recent depressing figures showing Thursday, September 27, 1979 holding his detainment "unconstitu­ that our economy-wide productivity has e Mr. HOLLENBECK. Mr. Speaker, tional." His unjustified imprisonment actually declined so far this year are December 31, 1979, marks both the end became an international symbol of based on this kind of calculation, derived of the year and the end of an era in human rights abuses in Argentina, until from the Commerce Department's gross Secaucus, N.J., municipal government. his long-awaited release this week. national product accounts. Some econo­ On this date, Mr. Al Schiesel will retire Mr. Timerman's freedom was granted mists, such as Alan Greenspan, have be­ after 46 years of service to the town. I less than 1 week after the Inter­ gun to express doubts that these produc­ join town officials and residents in paying American Human Rights Commission, a tivity figures are accurately portraying much deserved tribute to Mr. Schiesel, commission of the OAS, visited Argen­ what is happening, based on other evi­ not only for the longevity of his service, tina and met with many political prison­ dence. but for its high quality over the nearly ers, including Jacobo Timerman. I com­ Fortunately, for an important part of half century span. mend the Government of Argentina and our economy-manufacturing-there is Mr. Schiesel began his career in gov­ President Jorge Videla for taking this a more precise measurement of actual ernment as a caseworker in the Secaucus much-needed step toward the restora­ output, contained in the Federal Reserve Welfare Department in 1933 and rose to t ion of human rights and freedom of Board's index of industrial production. the position of welfare director. emigration. President Videla has spoken September 27, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 26619 many times of his dedication to the prin.:. Veterans seeking hospital or medical termediate base case, and 7 quads in the ciples of human freedom, and has advo­ treatment have been turned away from VA high base case. hospitals with suggestions that they ap­ cated an end to the extralegal govern­ proach Medicwre, Welfare organizations or The Harvard Business School's recent mental activities; it is gratifying that private doctors. 'Ibese are not rumors. Torch report, "Energy Future," concluded that the President has supported his words has received letters from numerous. War I well developed, locally based biomass with action. veterans citing turndown because their technologies could provide 6 percent of The case of Jacobo Timerman acts as trouble was not service connected. Don't United States energy needs by the year a catalyst to bring the cause of inter­ forget these veterans turned down were in 2000, rather than the 2 percent they national human rights once more to the their 80's. Even the pension laws consider a provide today. Stressing the need for veteran disabled if he is over 65 and on attention of the world. We who work short income. Federal support for small and medium for the principles declared at the Hel­ '!be Administra.tion's Bureau of Budget scale biomass projects, the report con­ sinki Commission of 1975, view this case and Management is working to eliminate cluded that a major Federal effon to as a striking example of why we must hospital beds and care to cut money. In familiarize foresters, farmers, and busi­ never rest in our efforts in behalf of fact, the VA has used for other ,purposes nessmen with the benefits and potential human rights. We must continue to do money intended for beds and medical care. of biomass is now needed. all in our power to aid those courageous It is small wonder that the President is Biomass' promise remains unfult1lled defenders of human rights such as Ida losing veterans' support. partly because biomass programs-par­ Nude!, Anatoly Shcharansky, and many Although it would not rectify the hospdtal­ ticularly those centered on near-~erm others who seek only the freedom to medical situation, Mr. Carter could regain applications-are underfunded and express their views and practice the re­ a segment of ex-service people's support by partly because program management ligion of their choice in the country of a simple step that in the long run would be inexpensive. '!be thought we have in mind has been inadequate. Some of the im­ their choice. It is through these efforts is that he could come out for a pension to pediments to biomass development that we continue to bring the weight of give the dwindling band of War I veterans could, however, be eliminated, and all public opinion to bear on those govern­ pal'tial equity with the vast sums bestowed could be alleviated. Making this resource ments which attempt to suppress human on later veterans True, it would be of llve up to its awesome potential requires rights. specific help to only World War I veterans, a:locating additional funds and brmglng The release of Jacobo Timerman is but it would strike a chord of sympathy in together a DO'E staff with the skills and the ranks of later service people who are further proof of the effectiveness of aware that VWWI led in the fight for the determination needed to redress neglect such efforts. It should encourage all who GI bill that gave them vast benefits.e of a major energy source. fight for the cause for human rights to Assumptions about biomass develop­ work even harder to free others who ment: suffer a fate similar to that of Jacobo First. Biomass is a major, ongoing Timerman. As we witness the joyous re­ THE BIOMASS RESEARCH AND DE­ supply optio:1 with short-term dividends, union of Mr. Timerman with his wife VELOPMENT AUTHORIZATION ACT not a minor resource of little immediate and two sons in Israel, we pray that OF 1979 use. soon other prisoners of conscience will follow Mr. Timerman in finding the Second. A Federal investment in re­ freedom that they all seek with such HON. FLOYD J. FITHIAN search and development of biomass is perhaps the best energy investment we courage and devotion.• OF INDIANA can make. No other energy technology IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES offers the promise of such a prompt WORLD WAR I PENSION STIT.,L Thursday, September 27, 1979 and bountiful return on our research NEEDED and development dollar. • Mr. FITHIAN. Mr. Speaker, I am Third. Most of biomass' near-term­ today introducing legislation in the HO~ up to 5 years-potential rests in the use GLENN M. ANDERSON House-the Biomass Research and De­ of agricultural residues, forestry wastes, OF CALIFORNIA velopment Authorization Act of 1979- and wood for direct combustion. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES designed to develop and promote one of Fourth. Liquid synthetic fuels-in­ Thursday, September 27, 1979 our Nation's most promising, yet ne­ cluding alcohol for gasohol-can be ob­ glected, sources of energy. tained from biomass feedstocks using 8 Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. The bill I am introducing today was Speaker, in June of last year, we tried familiar processes which can provide originally drafted as an amendment to economical substitutes for gasoline. on the floor to get a pension for veterans H.R. 3000, the Department of Energy's and widows of World War I. Since that SUMMARY OF BIOMASS RESEARCH AND fiscal year 1980 authorization bill. At the DEVELOPMENT AUTHORIZATION ACT time, more than 70,000 of those veterans urging of Chairman OTTINGER of the Sub­ have died. The letters I have received committee on Energy Development and The Biomass Research and Develop­ since that time, from the over 80 years Applications, the proposal has been re­ ment Authorization Act seeks to roughly of age veterans and widows, contain a drafted as a separate bill. Chairman double the size of Federal expenditures mixture of encouragement and despair. OTTINGER has graciously offered to hold for biomass research, development, and The proportion of despair is increasing. hearings on this bill which have been demonstration. A total of $75 .6 million More than 90 percent of the World War tentatively scheduled for October 16. would be added to biomass development I veterans are dead. The feeling among programs administered by the Depart­ those remaining is that a just pension THE NEED FOR LEGISLATION ment of Energy

SECTION -BY -SECTION ANALYSIS capable of producing ethylene which can removing non-merchantable and merchant­ TITLE I-DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY FUNCTIONS be converted to ethanol, acetylene, and other able biomass from a variety of forest regions. petrochemical feedstocks which will replace Particular attention w111 be given to inte­ Sec. 101. General Provisions. fossil fuels. These programs wm be adminis­ grating forest and energy programs and Sec. 102. Power Systems.-Authorizes a tered by the Assistant Secretary for Energy pollcies and bringing the potential wood sup­ total of $16.3 million ($12.4 for Conservation Technology in cooperation with the omce plies together with potential wood fuel users and Solar and $3.9 for Energy Technology) of Energy Research. At least $2.0 m11Uon will in the private sector. At least $8.0 mllllou to initiate programs within DOE to develop, be reprogrammed to the omce of Energy wlll be passed through to the Department of demonstrate, and commercialize near-term Research. Energy for joint commercialization activities. bioconversion applications using agricul­ Sec. 107. Basic Biomass Research.----

Technology Sector Fuel resource Maximum potential enerliY Impact by 1985 t 2 Direct combustion to steam ______Industry ______Wood residues ______1.7-2.0 quads per year. ~~~yg~Es_t~~~~t~~~~~~~~~~~-~-~-~: ::::::::::::::: v~~~~:~~~~?::::::::::::: :::::::: ::::::::::~~:::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 2~E~:~ !~:!: ~=~ ~m: Direct combustion to space heaL ______ResidentiaL ------do______.5-1.0 quai per year.

~;~~~~~"!~~~~~;:·:~======- ~:~~~fr~~o~~iir~::::: :: ::::::::::::::::: ~;}E~~~~~~~~~~_i~~~~~-~ ~======~:~:~ ~tlr~~~ ~;~~~~=~~er year (ethanol equivalent). TotaL ______------______------6.6-9.7

'Mitre, Technical Inputs to Phase 11 Commercialization Readiness Assessment, U.S. D.O. E. 2 Broadened Program Plan, U.S. DOE, Residue and Waste Fuels, February 1978. • Draft, March 1979. September 27, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF· REMARKS 26621 THE JACKSON HOLE AIRPORT And that leads me to a consideration of ski, and Mr. Thomas Brookover; and the fears most often expressed by those who oppose jet service Into Jackson. There their city manager, Mr. Peter Parker. HON. RICHARD BRUCE CHENEY seem to be three primary objections: noise, Mr. Speaker, I congratulate the people OF WYOMING air pollution, and the specter of a future of the city of Walled Lake, and wish "jetport." The draft EIS seems to answer them continued success in the coming IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the first two objections adequately. The years.• Thursday, September 27, 1979 study concludes that takeoff produces the mare Taking the- Soviet population at 280 million service into Jackson, unless the airplane LaMarca; the City Council members, and the area of the Soviet Union at 8.6 mil­ would foul the environment and threaten Miss Heather Hill, Mr. Cameron Rose, lion square miles, he then makes the follow­ the beauty of the Park. Mr. Donald Lee, Mr. Walter Lewandow- Ing assumptions. 26622 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 27, 1979 Assumption 1. 61 million people are esti­ tua.l distributions of urban and rural popula­ It 1s recognized, of course, that many un­ mated to be uniformly scattered over the 6.3 tions, we obtain a totally different answer certainties exist in these kinds of calcula­ million square miles of the least inhabited which indicates that the consequences of tions; however, the ACDA estimate of 25 to 35 rural part of the Soviet Union. These 61 mil­ nuclear ·war are far more serious than Mr. million Soviet fatalities in the first few weeks lion people are simply left out of his cal­ Jones suggests. following .the attack is a reasonable lower culations. From our knowledge of the non-uniformity bound. Over the longer term additional mll­ Assumption 2. 87 percent of the 139 million of the urban population, we know that the lions of lives would be lost as a. result of such people living in the cities are evacuated and densest 2,900 square miles of the total ur-ban factors as injuries, disease and starvation. It they as well as the remaining 80 million rural area conta.lns 80 percent of the urban popula­ is also important to keep in mind the fa:ct people are all uniformly scattered over the tion as opposed to 21 percent when it is as­ that these losses are incident to a U.S. at­ rema.ining 2.3 milllon square miles of the sumed that persons are spre81d out uniformly tack on military and industriaJ. targets. If the Soviet Union. The 17.4 million people that over the entire area. Therefore, the number U.S. weapons were all ground burst to maxi­ rema.ln in obligation that everybody should have equal income. ties in a free market, the competition among to community service, the example of We show in the program how that approach employers for the workers' skills and talents. Mr. Elder and his colleagues at WSB-TV fundamentally threatens the preservation of March 7: "How to Cure Infiation"-Fried­ should be noted. I am proud of their ac­ freedom. man visits a ghost town and a toblliCCO 11eld complishments in the production of the PLUGGING THE DRAIN to show what money is a.nd how it works. "Phillip.s Saga," and these efforts should More and more people have become disil­ Then he visits the U.S. tre'llSury to shout, act as a catalyst for even greater lusioned about the possibility of solving our "Stop the !Presses!" He emphasizes that in­ problems simply by throwing more tax money flation is the inevitab1e result when the achievements in community programing at them. More and more people have come to quantity of money (printed and regulated by throughout our Nation.• recognize the fallacy of trying to solve prob­ government) grows faster than goods and lems by spending somebody else's money. No­ services are produced. body spends somebody else's money as care­ Mwrch 14: "How to Stay Free"-We are to SOLOMON EXPRESSES OPPOSITION fully ·as he spends his own. But also, in order bli8Jlle for the evils of too much government, TO SALT II TREATY to spend somebody else's money, you first SBJYS Friedman. Americ:a.ns must stop looking have to take it away from him. That means to government, at whatever level, as a major that force is at the very bottom of the mod­ source of goods, services, and subsidies. HON. GERALD B. H. SOLOMON ern paternal state. OF NEW YORK !DR. MILTON FRIEDMAN These views are becoining more widely ac­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATTVES Dr. Milton Friedmam has long been an un­ cepted. There is a change in the intellectual Thursday, September 27, 1979 climate. As a result, for the first time in tiring advocate of the free-m81l'ket system. many years, I believe we have a real hope of He received the 1976 Nolbel prize in econom­ e Mr. SOLOMON. Mr. Speaker, I rise changing the course of events, of getting our ics for his cumulative work in the develop­ ment of certain teohniques Of st.a.tistioa.l to express my opposition to the SALT II country back on the track toward greater treaty signed by President Carter and human and individual freedom. analysis in econoinics and for his contribu­ tion of monetary theory to economic science. Soviet Premier Leonid I. Brezhnev in I do not know whether we can succeed in His viewpoint has become widely known Vienna, Monday, July 18, 1979, and pres­ this venture. I do know that there is no task through his column in Newsweek magazine. ently undergoing deliberation by the more important for this country, and for the He also occupies a position on the research U.S. Senate for the following reasons: world, than ending the growth of government staff of the National Bureau o.f Econoinic First, the Soviet Union has repeatedly and enabling the United States to be what it Research. has been: a beacon for free men throughout He serves as the Paul Snowden Russell shown that it views such agreements the world. Distinguished Servi~ Professor of Economics as a means to enhance their strategic PROGRAM GUIDE at the University of Chicago and as a Senior position relative to the United States; Free to Choose is a production of WQLN, Research Fellow at the Hoover Institution, second, the United States so compromised Public Communications, Erie, Pa. The pro­ Stanford University. its bargaining position that SALT II grams will ·air on most PBS stations on Fri­ Officially and unofficially, 'he has advised can only be viewed as an act of appease­ day evenings at 9 p.m., beginning Jan. 11. a number of political figures on econoinic ment; and third, the strategic imbalance However, check with your local PBS station aff.a.irs. codified in SALT II would provide the for the exact schedUling in your aree.. Friedman has also authored numerous books and articles on monetary theory and Soviet Union with the means to hold the January 11: "The Power of the Market"­ American people hostage to Soviet nu­ Dr. Friedman explains how the free market economics. His most popular works include coordinates the activities of millions of peo­ capitalism and Freedom and There's No clear blackmail in the event of a crisis. ple who are strangers to each other. This pro­ Such Thing as a Free Lunch.e Mr. Speaker. 11 days after assuming gram was shot on location in Hong Kong­ office, President Truman told Soviet one of the freest markets in the world-where Foreign Minister V. M. Molotov that the government has deliberately chosen not INNOVATIVE PROGRAMING United States-Soviet relations "could be to direct the eeonomy. only on a basis of the mutual observa­ January 18: "The Tyranny of Control"­ HON. WYCHE FOWLER, JR. tion of agreements and not on the basis What should a modern government do to pro­ OF GEORGIA of a one-way street." Molotov said, "I tect its domestic industries from competition have never been talked to like that in with cheaper, foreign-made products? Noth­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES my life." Truman replied, ''Carry out ing, says Friedman. In India, he shows how Thursday, September 27, 1979 central economic planning has failed, con­ your agreements and you won't get demning Inilllons to poverty. • Mr. FOWLER. Mr. Speaker, the role talked to like that again." January 25: "Anatomy of Crisis"-Here, of the media in shaping the image of Like earlier times, the Soviet Union Friedman explains the real causes of the ourselves and our neighbors is well has been violating, if not the letter, then Great Depression and shows that far from known. Television, in particular, can certainly the "spirit of an agreement"- September 27, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 26627 the SALT I treaty-and in so doing has Mr. Speaker, the original objectives Poor England! Leading her free careless added significantly to their objective embodied in the March 1977 SALT II life from day to day, amid good-tempered parliamentary babble, she followed, won­ of obtaining a war-fighting, war-surviv­ proposal were designed to provide the dering, along the downward path which led ing, war-winning strategic nuclear capa­ United States with an enhanced secu­ to all she wanted to avoid. She was con­ bility against the United States. The rity by providing: First, a treaty of in­ tinually reassured by the leading articles United States, lacking the courage and definite duration; second, equal limits of the most influential newspapers, with determination of a President Truman, for the United States and the Soviet some honourable exceptions, and behaved has resorted to petty legalisms in order Union on offensive nuclear capabilities; as if all the world were as easy, uncalculat­ to justify Soviet noncompliance. Let me third, crisis stability; and fourth, true lng and wen-meaning as herself. exolain. reductions. None of these objectives have Finally, Mr. Speaker, this treaty, if Under SALT I, both the United States been met. passed by the Senate, would place the and the Soviet Union agreed to allow First, instead of a treaty of indefinite Soviet Union in a position to hold the the modernization and replacement of duration, the United States has settled American people hostage to Soviet nu­ ICBM launchers by no more than 10-15 for a short-term pact to end in 1985 at clear blackmail in the event of a crisis. percent of their dimensions. The United a time when the strategic balance be­ Since the middle to late 1960's when States interpreted this to mean 10-15 tween the United States and the Soviet Robert McNamara was Secretary of De­ percent of either the length or the Union is likely to be least favorable to fense, America's strategic doctrine has diameter of the launcher-and so argued the United States. been based on the premise that Ameri­ to the Senate during ratification. The Second, the United States has aban­ can security is best assured when both Soviet Union, however, interpreted this doned the objective of equality. Not­ sides can inflict "unacceptable damage to mean 10-15 percent of both the length withstanding the gross limits for both on the other." To insure the success of and the diameter. When this became a sides of 2,250 strategic nuclear launch this doctrine, U.S. leaders made a con­ public issue, Secretary of State Kissinger vehicles and 820 MIRV'ed ICBM launch­ scious policy decision to open the Amer­ replied: ers, there is a startling imbalance. ican people, and their cities and indus­ I think it is at least open to question The Soviet Union is permitted 308 tries, to nuclear destruction. This policy whether the United States can hold the Soviet Union responsible for its own state­ heavy ICBM's-SS-18's-while the was called mutual assured destruction ments when the Soviet Union has asserted United States is permitted none. (MAD). that it does not accept this interpretation. Only the Soviet Union can deploy the Mr. Speaker, this policy has become full 820 MIRV'ed ICBM launchers by the less mutual and less assured and in my Thus, the Soviet Union was allowed time the treaty lapses because President judgment is an immoral act unparalleled to replace the SS-11, a light missile, with Carter has closed down the Minuteman in American history. To look for security the heavy SS-19. production line. in a situation where the lives of 240 mil­ Mr. Speaker, the SS-19 poses a grave The United States will be permitted lion Americans are consciously held hos­ threat to the security of the United no more than three warheads on each tage--especially when it is becoming in­ States. Recently, Aviation Week and MIRV'ed ICBM. The Soviet Union is per­ creasingly clear that the Soviet Union is Space Technology reported the testing of mitted-and is expected to have-4 on preparing to win a nuclear conflict with the SS-19 ICBM with an accuracy equal, each SS-17, 6 on each SS-19, and 10 on the United States-is unimaginable, but if not better, than the best in the U.S. each SS-18. While the United States can it is true. arsenal. The London-based Interna­ build a new missile with 10 MIRV's Even more frightening is the fact that tional Institute of Strategic Studies re­ during the course of the treaty, none the United States today even lacks the ported last month that this accuracy is will be deployable before its expiration. basic requirements for a doctrine of mu­ now being deployed on a massive scale. The 300-400 new supersonic Backfire tual assured destruction, namely, invul­ Combined with greater throw weight and bomber which the Soviets will have by nerable strategic weapons. The increase far larger warheads, the SS-19 will soon 1985 and which can strike targets any­ in throwweight and accuracy of Soviet give the Soviet Union the capability to where in the United States are not ICBM's, along with a massive MffiV'ing gravely threaten substantial portions of counted under SALT II. The aging B-52 program, has undermined the surviv­ the U.S. land-based ICBM force. And, bomber-those deployed as well as those ability, and hence the credibility, of U.S. sadly enough, this has happened because consigned to the graveyard-and the land-based ICBM's. No longer can we be the United States lacked the courage to B-1 prototypes are counted. assured that the major component of insist that this deployment violated the Third, SALT II does not contribute America's ability to deter a Soviet attack "spirit of the agreement." to crisis stability because it places the is safe from destruction. No one dis­ Let there be no mistake--this is not a Soviet Union in a position to destroy agrees any longer that by the early singular incident. Similar situations 90 percent of our ICBM's with an ex­ 1980's, the American Minuteman force could be discussed with regard to the penditure of a fifth to a third of its will become 90 percent vulnerable. And following: First, construction of special ICBM's. Even assuming the survival of yet, no attempt was made during the ne­ purpose silos-launch control facilities; our submarines-at-sea and most of our gotiations on SALT II to limit the size second, Soviet dismantling and destruc­ bombers on alert, the remaining U.S. of Soviet ICBM's or to insist upon com­ tion of replaced ICBM launchers; third, strategic power would be hopelessly out­ pensations for the United States. mobile ICBM's; fourth, testing of air de­ matched by the Soviet Union's retained Mr. Speaker, because of these invul­ fense radars and/or missiles, in par­ war-making capability. nerabilities, the United States will be un­ ticular the SA-5 Griffon and SA-2 Fourth, SALT II will not provide true able to standup to the Soviet Union in a Guideline, "in an ABM mode"; fifth, de­ reductions. crisis situation. The United States will velopment and testing of mobile ABM The number of warheads will increase have no choice but to submit to Soviet radars; sixth, installation of an ABM for the Soviet Union by 3 times while nuclear blackmail. radar at Kamchatka Peninsula; seventh, the United states' will increase by one­ Mr. Speaker, in his remarks delivered inaccurate reporting of Soviet disman­ half. at the signing of the SALT II treaty tling of excess ABM test launchers; The area destructive capability of President Carter said: "The most power­ eighth, covered facilities and conceal­ Soviet weapons will increase by one-half ful currents of history have often been ment; ninth, concealment at test ranges; while the United States' will increase by the ones that swept nations to war." I tenth, blinding of U.S. reconnaissance one-fourth. concur with that remark. But, I would satellites; and eleventh, development of Hard-target capability will be less wish to remind the House that "the most an antisatellite system. than one-eighth that of the Soviet powerful currents" attending the on­ Mr. Speaker, how much military ad­ Union and this deficiency will be com­ slaught of World War II-and dramati­ vantage the Soviet Union has gained by pounded by the fact that they have cally symbolized in Munich-was ap­ these measures is unclear. What is clear double the number of hard targets with peasement, an event which the famous is that because of them the SALT proc­ each being on the average twice as hard English poet T. S. Eliot says left him ess has become a sham. as ours. with "a feeling of humiliation from A further reason I am opposed to the Mr. Speaker, in recounting these vast which one does not recover" because it SALT II Treaty as it presently stands, inequities. I cannot help but be remind­ raises doubts "of the validity of civili­ Mr. Speaker, is because in my judgment ed of the words spoken by Winston zation." it is an act of appeasement. Churchill in 1938: Events today are not dissimilar. All 26628 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 27, 1979 over the globe, and in our decisions on making energy conservation easier and of $3,000, a person will be able to save strategic and conventional weapons, the more attainable. about $185 in interest costs. For smaller United States retreats, defers, delays, or I heartily applaud this joint effort home improvement loans of less than $1,000, there will be an even more dramatic rate cancels. Considerable world-wide uncer­ which sets Maine at the forefront in en­ reduction, of six percentage points. So, in­ tainty exists whether the United States ergy awareness and responsiveness. I terest on a. two-year $750 loan, for example, will continue to maintain its alliance truly believe thrut it is initiatives of this which is now 18 percent wlll be reduced to commitments. Doubts are being expres­ nature which will ultimately allow us to 12 percent and would cost a customer about sed whether America will continue to adequately deal with our Nation's energy $51 less than usual. persevere in the face of a determined problems. By involving the private sector We are also having a premium promotion adversary. Ultimately, the world is be­ and prominent environmental organiza­ which you'll hear more about in our news­ tions in a cooperative partnership, our paper and T.V. ads. I won't go into any de­ ginning to question whether the United tails except to say that our gifts are some­ States will have the ability in the very country can quantify its problems and what different. from the items normally as­ near future to conduct a truly independ­ work step-by-step toward our common sociated with bank promotions. These gifts ent foreign policy. goal--energy independence. are directly related to energy conservation; To a dangerous extent, our national I call attention to the following re­ they've been endorsed by the Maine Audubon will to survive in the face of adversity marks by Mr. Jack Daigle of Casco Bank Society, and we hope that by offering them, & Trust Co.: we'll help make energy conservation methods has eroded. easier and more popular.e Alexander Solzhenitzyn, in his 1972 JACK DAIGLE AT MAINE AUDUBON PRESS Nobel Prize lecture, fiercely indicting CONFERENCE our times, said: When the Maine Audubon Society ap­ SHATTER THE SILENCE VIGll.., 1979 The spirit of Munich is not a thing of the proached us early this summer with a plan pa.st. . . . It is the everyday state of those for sponsoring an energy conservation pro­ who have given in to the desire for well-being gram, we welcomed the idea enthusiastically. HON. GLADYS NOON SPELLMAN We know that we are going to have to rely at any price... . Such people choose to be OF MARYLAND passive and to retreat, just so their normal less and less on fossil fuels, and look to lives may last a bit longer. alternative sources of energy. And, one of our IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES most important alternative energy sources is Thursday, September 27, 1979 Mr. Speaker, the policies embedded in conservation. the recently signed SALT II treaty are Translated into everyday terms, "conserva­ • Mrs. SPELLMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise not policies of peace. They are policies tion" means that we won't need to use as today in support of those many Soviet of appeasement. And as such, they are much fuel if we make the best use of the Jews who have suffered untold terrors fuel we have. It means finding effective ways at the hand of their Soviet oppressors. I not the policies desired by the American to use less heat and hot water, while keep­ people. For throughout this great and ing reasonably warm and comfortable. And am pleased to join many of my col­ proud land stirs the realization that the here, the key word is "effective". We are leagues who have participated in the price you pay for your cowardice will be surrounded these de.ys by all kinds of talk "Shatter the Silence Vigil, 1979" spon­ all the worse and that now is the time to about woodburning stoves, insulation meth­ sored by Congressman HoWARD 1n con­ regain in our courage so that our chil­ ods, alternative energy sources, and energy­ junction with the Union of Councils for dren may live in peace with freedom and saving devices. Somehow, we've got to sift Soviet Jewry. honor.e through all this to determine what works In 1975, 35 nations signed the Helsinki and what doesn't--otherwise we'll end up Final Act, which committed the 35 sig­ spending more money on our attempts to natory nations to pursue policies con­ ENERGY CONSERVATION save fuel than the cost of the fuel itself. That's where the Maine Audubon Society sistent with basic principles of human ha.s e.n effective "track record". These people rights, including the reunification of di­ HON. DAVID F. EMERY are recognized authorities on energy-saving vided families whose members live in OF MAINE techniques and how they apply to our Maine different countries, religious freedom, climate. They've spent a lot of time and minority rights, and free travel between IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES research on the safest, most efficient wood countries. Thursday, September 27, 1979 heating systems . . . ways to insulate a house There are certain human rights which properly . . . new sole.r heating methods, and extend beyond internal jurisdictions. e Mr. EMERY. Mr. Speaker, I would how the average Maine homeowner can use like to take this opportunity to call atten­ them. To help people make informed deci­ These internal rights were reaffirmed in tion to what I feel is an innovative and sions, they've produced a catalog called "The the Helsinki agreements, and they are so responsible approach to the need for en­ Maine Audubon Society Buyers' Guide to essential to the very existence of hu­ ergy conservation. Maine's largest bank, Home Energy Savings", and we at Casco are manity that this Congress must retain Casco Bank & Trust Co., and the Maine proud to have sponsored its development e.nd its determination to assure these rights Audubon Society have sponsored a joint printing. The catalog wlll be distributed free for all, and speak out against their de­ education and financial incentive pro­ of charge at our Casco branches. nial. Although I am greatly encouraged In addition, the experts at Maine Audubon by the record emigration of 4, 711 Jews gram to promote energy conservation. have developed a series of three excellent lec­ As legislators, we are all aware of the tures on the subjects of wood heating, in­ this August, the Soviet Union continues tremendous task of educating the public sulation and solar energy. These lectures, to disregard the human rights provisions about the nature of our energy problems. e.lso sponsored by Casco Bank, will be held of the Final Act. Even after a general awareness is here in Greater Portland . . . as well as Today, I bring to my colleagues' atten­ achieved, however, known solutions are Augusta, Auburn, Biddeford, South Paris, tion the case of Yuli Kosharovsky, a 37- and Bath. A complete list of times and places year-old radio electronics engineer. As often lost in the confusion surrounding is in the flyer included with your kit. People the total issue. In a statewide lecture may attend these lectures at no cost, just one of early leaders of the Soviet Jewry program and specially developed cata­ by picking up tickets at any of our Casco movement he moved to Moscow in 1970 log, Maine Audubon attempts to an­ offices in these six e.reas. Those who attend where he now lives. Because of his out­ swer questions about energy conservation the lectures also may obtain copies of the spoken stance on emigration, he has been priorities, insulation, and the numerous "Guide to Home Energy Savings". subjected to KGB threats, harassment, That's the educational part of this pro­ and arrest. It has now been 7-long years devices currently marketed which claim gram. But once we've learned what steps to save energy. The lectures and caJta­ since his application for emigration was to take in energy saving, we've got to pay refused. In the fall of 1976 he was in­ log will attempt to focus the public's for them. And, for the next 90 days, now attention on conservation as an alterna­ now through December, Casco is offering carcerated for 15 days. This occurred tive energy source. reduced rates on energy-related home im­ during the widespread arrests and beat­ provement loans to credit-worthy borrowers. ings in Moscow in connections with sit­ As a followup to the Maine Audubon As of September 17th, the rate wlll be 12 ins at the Supreme Soviet by Jews seek­ Society's educational efforts, Casco Bank percent for all qualified home improvement ing visas and/or written explanations for & Trust Co. is offering reduced rates on loans. This rate, of course, is subject to their repeated refusals. energy-relSJted home improvement loans. change, depending on market conditions Despite all the harassment, Yuli has Rates will be reduced by 2-percentage during the coming months. Our current rate on regular home improvement loans, which persisted in hosting a scientific seminar points on loans over $1,000 and by 6-per­ is 14 percent, will be lowered by two per­ in his apartment for more than 2 years centage points on loans under $1,000. centage points, which means, for example, to bring refusnik-scientists who have These financial incentives are aimed at that on a five-year home improvement loan long been unemployed up-to-date in their September 27, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 26629 respective fields. In an incredible act of ness Administration. Marriott amend­ ernment Act. May 24, 1979. I would have bravery, he was one of 250 Soviet Jews ment to limit applications for the Small voted "yes." who signed an appeal directed to the Business Development Center pilot pro­ Rollcall No. 172. S. 869. Ethics in Gov­ Knesset and to all Jewish communities gram to States or State agencies; require ernment Act amendments. Eckhardt sub­ throughout the world. existing SBDC's to refer applicants to stitute amendment, to the Kindness I am again moved to ask Soviet officials private consultants when applicable; and amendment, to restrict former high-level the same question I asked over and over establish State advisory boards to moni­ Federal employees for 2 years from again during my trip there earlier this tor the progvam. May 22, 1979. I would assisting in representing anyone before year. Why do you do this to your people? have voted "yes." their previous agencies and to limit the Sadly, the question remains unanswered. Rollcall No. 162. H.R. 4011. Small Busi­ automatic coverage of the 1-year ban I wish to thank Congressman HowARD ness Administration. Hinson amendment on contacting a former agency to former for his efforts in coordinating this year's to lower interest rates on homeowner executive-level e ~· 1ployees. May 24, 1979. vigil. It is my most sincere hope that this loans to 1 percent on the first $10,000 I would have voted "no." initiative will help to end the plight of borrowed and 3 percent on amounts be­ Rollcall No. 173. S. 869. Ethics in Gov­ Yuli Kosharovsky. Only through the re­ tween $10,000 and $55,000. May 22, 1979. ernment Act amendments. Passage of lease of this man and other Soviet pris­ I would have voted "yes." the bill to clarify and soften restrictions oners of conscience can we be convinced Rollcall No. 163. H.R. 4011. Small Busi­ on post-Federal-Government employ­ of Soviet sincerity on this critical issue ness Administration. Passage of the bill ment. May 24, 1979. I would have voted of human rights.• to authorize $5.3 billion for Small Busi­ "yes." ness Administration programs for fiscal Rollcall No. 174. S. 7. Veterans' health 1980-82. May 22, 1979. I would have voted care. Adoption of the conference report PERSONAL EXPLANATION "yes." on the bill to establish a new program of Rollcall No. 164. House Concurrent .rsychological counseling and other read­ HON. EDWIN B. FORSYTHE Resolution 107. Fiscal1980 budget target. justrr. :=- -:-·t a,ssistance for Vietnam-era OF NEW JERSEY Giaimo motion to approve the conference veterans, make changes in other vet­ version of the resolution revising binding erans' health care programs and require IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fiscal1979 budget totals and setting fiscal approval of congressional Veterans' Af­ Thursday, September 27, 1979 1980 targets as follows: For 1979: $559.2 fairs Committees before funds could be e Mr. FORSYTHE. Mr. Speaker, during billion in budget authority, $494.45 bil­ appropriated for major Veterans' Ad­ the past 4 months is was necessary for lion in outlays, $461 billion in revenues, ministration medical facility construc­ me to be absent from Washington be­ and a $33.45 billion deficit; for 1980: tion, renovation or leasing. May 30, 1979. cause I was recovering from surgery. I $604.05 billion in budget authority, $532 I would have voted "yes." regret that I could not be here to cast my billion in outlays, $509 billion in reve­ Rollcall No. 175. H.R. 4035. Special votes, but I would like to take tJhis oppor­ nues, and a $23 billion deficit. May 23, Egyptian-Israeli aid. Passage of the bill tunity to make public how I would have 1979. I would have voted "no." to authorize $4.8 billion for fiscal 1979 voted had I been present: Rollcall No. 165. H.R. 10. Rights of the in spe~ial economic and military assist­ Rollcall No. 152. H.R. 39. Alaska lands. institutionalized. Passage of the bill to ance to help Egypt and Israel imple­ Udall substitute amendment (H.R. 3561) authorize the U.S. Attorney General to ment the Middle East peace treaty. May to create 125.4 million acres of national initiate lawsuits in Federal courts to 30, 1979. I would have voted "yes." parks, wildlife refuges, and forests in safeguard the rights of persons confined Rollcall No. 176. H.R. 2575. Depart­ Alaska. May 16, 1979. I would have voted in State prisons, mental institutions, and ment of Defense fiscal 1979 supplemental "no." nursing homes. May 23, 1979. I would authorization. Dellums amendment to Rollcall No. 153. H.R. 39. Alaska lands. have voted "yes." prohibit further development of the MX Passage of the bill. May 16, 1979. I would Rollcall No. 166. H.R. 3914. District of missile and of its basing system. May 31, have voted "no." Columbia Metro construction. Passage of 1979. I would have voted "yes." the bill to remove the authorization ceil­ Rollcall No. 177. H.R. 2575. Depart­ Rollcall No. 154. H.R. 10. Rights of the ing for funding the District of Columbia institutionalized. Adoption of the rule ment of Defense fiscal 1979 supplemen­ share of construction costs for the Capi­ tal authorization. Bedell amendment to providing for House floor consideration tal area subway system, Metro. May 23, of the bill. May 16, 1979. I would have prohibit further development of a spe­ 1979. I would have voted "yes." cific basing system for the MX missile voted "yes." Rollcall No. 167. H.R. 3404. Treasury Rollcall No. 155. S. 869. Ethics in Gov­ unless the Secretary of Defense certified draw authority. Adoption of the rule pro­ to Congress that it was "consistent with ernment Act amendments. Adoption of viding for House floor consideration of the rule providing for House floor con­ national security interests." May 31, 1979. the bill to extend the authority of the I would have voted "yes." sideration of the bill to clarify certain Treasury to obtain cash to meet short­ provisions in the 1978 Etlhics in Govern­ Rollcall No. 178. H.R. 2575. Depart­ term needs. May 23, 1979. I would have ment of Defense fiscal1979 supplemental ment Act. May 16, 1979. I would have voted "yes." voted "yes." authorization. Passage of the bill au­ Rollcall No. 168. H.R. 3404. Treasury thorizing $1,321,900,000 in supplemental Rollcall No. 157. Procedural motion. draw authority. Passage of the bill to ex­ funds for programs of the Department Loeffler motion to approve the House tend for 2 years the authority of the of Defense in fiscal 1979. May 31, 1979. Journal of Wednesday, May 16, 1979. May Treasury to obtain cash to meet short­ 17, 1979. I would have voted "no." I would have voted "no." term needs. May 23, 1979. I would have Rollcall No. 179. H.R. 4015. Veteran Rollcall No. 158. H.R. 111. Panama voted "yes." Senior Citizen Health Care Act. Satter­ Canal. Adoption of the rule providing for Rollcall No. 170. House Concurrent field motion to suspend the rules and House floor consideration of the bill to Resolution 107. Fiscal 1980 budget tar­ pass the bill to establish demonstration provide for the operation and mainte­ get. Giaimo motion to concur in the centers of geriatric research, education, nance of the Panama Canal through the Senate amendment to the budget res­ and clinical operations within the Vet­ year 1999 and to implement the provi­ olution to revise binding fiscal 1979 erans' Administration. June 5, 1979. I sions of the Panama Canal Treaty. May budget totals and set fiscal 1980 targets would have voted "yes." 17, 1979. I would have voted "yes." as follows: For 1979: $559.2 billion in Rollcall No. 180. H.R. 3875. Housing Rollcall No. 159. Procedural motion. budget authority, $494.45 billion in out­ and community development amend­ Kramer motion to approve the House lays, $461 billion in revenues, and a ments. Ritter amendment to transfer Journal of Thursday, May 17, 1979. May $33.45 billion deficit; for 1980: $604.4 $200 million from the authorization for 21, 1979. I would have voted "no." billion in budget authority, $532 billion the urban development action grant Rollcall No. 160. H.R. 4011. Small busi­ in outlays, $509 billion in revenues, and program to the community development ness Administration. Adoption of the a $23 billion deficit. May 24, 1979. I would block grant program, June 5, 1979. I rule providing for House floor consider­ have voted "no." would have voted "yes." ation of the bill to authorize $5.3 billion Rollcall No. 171. S. 869. Ethics in Gov­ Rollcall No. 181. H.R. 3875. Housing for Small Business Administration pro­ ernment Act amendments. Adoption of and community development amend­ grams for fiscal 1980-82. May 22, 1979. the rule providing for House floor con­ ments. Neal amendment to make up to I would have voted "yes." sideration of the bill to provide certain 20 percent of urban development action Rollcall No. 161. H.R. 4011. Small Busi- clarifications of the 1978 Ethics in Gov- grant funds available to cities and urban 26630 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 27, 1979 counties that have at least one area of providing for House floor consideration to rises in the Consumer Price Index. severe poverty. June 5, 1979. I would of the bill to establish a cabinet-level June 11, 1979. I would have voted "yes." have voted "yes." Department of Education. June 7, 1979. Rollcall No 205. H.R. 2444. Education Rollcall No. 182. H.R. 3875. Housing I would have voted "no." Department. Ashbrook amendment to and community development amend­ Rollcall No. 193. H.R. 2641. · Civil state that no provision of law would ments. Boner amendment to extend Rights Commission. Adoption of the rule authorize the proposed Department to eligibility for urban development action providing for House floor consideration require a school district to undertake grants to any urban county that con­ of the bill to authorize $14 million for busing of schoolchildren to achieve racial tains at least one area of severe poverty the U.S. Civil Rights Commission in fis­ balance as a condition for receiving Fed­ and had a population of at least 50,000 cal 1980. June 8, 1979. I would have voted eral assistance. June 11, 1979. I would persons prior to 1960. June 5, 1979. I "yes." have voted "yes." would have voted "no." Rollcall No. 194. H.R. 3347. Treasury Rollcall No. 206. H.R. 2444. Education Rollcall No. 183. H.R. 3464. SSI dis­ Department international affairs. Adop­ Department. Brademas motion that the ability benefits. Passage of the bill to tion of the rule providing for House House adjourn and meet at 11 a.m. on provide incentives to encourage disabled floor consideration of the bill to author­ June 12. June 11, 1979. I ~uld have voted recipients of supplemental security in­ ize $22.4 million for international affairs "yes." come benefits to return to work. June 6, functions in the Treasury Department in Rollcall No. 207. ProcedUTal motion. 1979. I would have voted "no." fiscal 1980. June 8, 1979. I would have Sensenbrenner motion to approve the Rollcall No. 184. H.R. 4289. Fiscal voted "yes." House Journal of Monday, June 11, 1979·. 1979 supplemental appropriations. Fish Rollcall No. 195. H.R. 2641. Civil June 12, 1979. I would have voted "no.'' amendment to provide an additional Rights Commission. Sensenbrenner Rollcall No. 208. House ReSolution 198. $125 million for discretionary capital amendment to reduce authorizations for Parren J. Mitchell election challenge. grants for urban mass transportation. fiscal1980 for the u.s. Civil Rights Com­ Adoption of the resolution to dismiss the June 6, 1979. I would have voted "no." mission to $11,372,000 from $14,000,000. election challenge brought against Rep­ Rollcall No. 185. H.R. 3875. Housing June 8, 1979. I would have voted "yes." resentative PARREN J. MITCHELL. June 12, and community development amend­ Rollcall No. 196. H.R. 2641. Civil 1979. I would have voted "yes.'' ments. Ashley motion that the House Rights Commission. Passage of the bill Rollcall No. 209. H.R. 2444. Education resolve itself into the Committee of the to authorize $14 million for the U.S. Civil Department. Brooks motion that the Whole to consider the bill to amend and Rights Commission for fiscal 1980. House resolve itself into the Committee extend various Federal housing pro­ June 8, 1979. I would have voted "yes." of the Whole for further consideration of grams. June 6, 1979. I would have voted Rollcall No. 197. H.R. 2374. Olmstead the 'bill to establish a Department of "yes." National Historic Site. Passage of the Education. June 12, 1979. I would have Rollcall No. 186. H.R. 3875. Housing bill to authorize the establishment of the voted "yes." and community development amend­ Frederick Law Olmstead National His­ Rollcall No. 210. H.R. 2444. Education ments. Hansen amendment to eliminate toric Site in Massachusetts and for other Department. Walker amendment to add Davis-Bacon prevailing wage require­ acquisitions in the national park system. to the purposes of the blli the goal of ments for Indian housing and for resi­ June 8, 1979. I would have voted "yes." insuri.Dg that no one be denied access to dential housing rehabilitation projects Rollcall No. 198. H.R. 3347. Treasury education opportJunities because of racial carried out by neighborhood nonprofit Department international a:ffairs. Pas­ or sexual ratios or quotas. June 12, 1979. organization. June 6, 1979. I would have sage of the bill to authorize $22,375,000 I would have voted "yes.'' voted "yes." for international affairs functions of the Rollcall No. 211. H.R. 2444. Education Rollcall No. 187. H.R. 3875. Housing Treasury Department for fiscal 1980. Department. Erlenborn amendment to and community development amend­ June 8, 1979. I would have voted "no." delete from the bill the transfer of ments. Ashley motion that the House Rollcall No. 199. Procedural motion. Defense Department overseas dependent resolve itself into the Committee of the Ashbrook motion to approve the House schools to the proposed Department. Whole to consider the bill to amend and Journal of Friday, June 8, 1979. June 11, June 12, 1979. I would have voted "yes." extend various Federal housing pro­ 1979. I would have voted "no." Rollcall No. 213. H.R. 2444. Education grams. June 7, 1979. I would have voted Rollcall No. 200. H.R. 2444. Education Department. De la Garza substitute "yes." Department. Brooks motion that the amendment, to the Garcia amendment Rollcall No. 188. H.R. 3875. Housing House resolve itself into the Committee to establish an omce of Bilingual Edu­ and community development amend­ of the Whole for. consideration of the cati:on and Minority Languages Affairs in ments. Panetta amendment to reduce bill to establish a Cabinet-level Depart­ the proposed Department. June 12, 1979. paperwork by compiling, and subse­ ment of Education. June 11, 1979. I I would have voted "yes." quently consolidating and simplifying, would have voted "yes." Rollcall No. 214. H.R. 2444. Education forms used in Federal housing programs. Rollcall No. 201. H.R. 2444. Education Department. Garcia a.mendment as June 7, 1979. I would have voted "yes." Department. Erlenborn amendment to amended, to establish an omce of Bi­ Rollcall No. 189. H.R. 3875. Housing change the name of the proposed depart­ lingual Education and Minority Lan­ and community development amend­ ment to the Department of Public Edu­ guages Affairs. June 12, 1979. I would ments. Duncan amendment to prevent cation. June 11, 1979. I would have voted have voted "no.'' social security cost-of-living increases "no." Rollcall No. 215. H.R. 2444. EduCSJtion from being counted as income when cal­ Department. Marlenee amendment to culating rent in assisted housing. June 7, Rollcall No. 202. H.R. 2444. Education provide that the Assistant Secretary for 1979. I would have voted "yes." Department. McCloskey amendment to Vocational and Adult Education of the Rollcall No. 190. H.R. 3875. Housing establish an independent Office of Edu­ proposed Department establish a uni­ and community development amend­ cation instead of a Cabinet-level depart­ fied rural fa,.mily education program. ments. Campbell amendment to delete ment. June 11, 1979. I would have voted June 12, 1979. I would have voted "yes.'• language authorizing the Secretary of "yes." Rollcall No. 216. H.R. 2444. Education Housing and Urban Development to Rollcall No. 203. H.R. 2444. Education Department. Miller amendment to de­ issue cease-and-desist orders prohibiting Department. Walker amendment to make lete from the bill the transfer of the Re­ the sale or lease of property by a devel­ one of the purposes of the proposed Edu­ habilitation Services Administration and oper who violated the antifraud pro­ cation Department to permit daily op­ National Instittute of Handicapped Re­ visions of the Interstate Land Sales Act. portunities for voluntary prayer and search to the proposed Education De­ June 7, 1979. I would have voted "yes." meditation in public schools. June 11, partment and to establish within the Rollcall No. 191. H.R. 3875. Housing 1979. I would have voted "no." Department of Health and Human Serv­ and community development amend­ Rollcall No. 204. H.R. 2444. Education ices an Assistant Secretary for the ments. Passage of the bill to amend and Department. Kramer amendment to Handicapped. June 12,1979. I would have extend various Federal housing pro­ state the intent of Congress to limit voted "no." . grams. June 7, 1979. I would have voted future budget authority of the proposed Rollcall No. 217. H.R. 2444. Education "yes." department to the existing funding for Department. Walker amendment to re­ Rollcall No. 192. H.R. 2444. Depart­ the programs transferred into it, with quire that each executive level omcial ap­ ment of Education. Adoption of the rule allowance for aiUllll.al increases related pointed in the proposed Department September 27, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 26631 have been a schoolteacher or adminis­ of the Whole for further consideration Ashbrook motion to approve the House trator for at least 18 of the 24 months of the bill to create a Department of Journal CYI Thursday, June 14, 1979. June preceding his or her nomination. June 12, Education. June 13, 1979. I would have 15, 1979. I would have voted "no." 1979. I would have voted ''no." voted "yes." Rollcall No. 244. House Resolution 291. Rollcall No. 218. H.R. 2444. Education Rollcall No. 231. H.R. 2444. Education Inquiry on energy situation. Dingell mo­ Departlment. Ashbrook amendment to Department. Waxman amendment to de­ tion to table the resolution to direct the delete the authority of Assistant Secre­ lete from the bill transfer of health pro­ President to provide Members of House tary for Civil Rights to collect data re­ fessions and nursing student assistance with information on crude oil and refined lating to civil rights laws, to select em­ programs to the proposed department. petroleum supplies. June 15, 1979. I would ployees, and to enter into contracts. June 13, 1979. I would have voted "yes." have voted "no." June 12, 1979. I would have voted "no." Rollcall No. 233. H.R. 2444. Education Rollcall No. 245. House Resolution 291. Rollcall No. 220. H.R. 2444. Education Department. Jeffords amendment to Inquiry on energy situation. Adoption o! Department. Erlenborn amendment to transfer job training programs under the resolution to direct the President to delete from the bill language authorizing titles II, III, and IV of the Comprehen­ provide Members of the House with in­ the proposed Department to provide in­ sive Employment and Training Act to the formation on crude oil and refined pe­ formation about education and related proposed Department. June 13, 1979. I troleum supplies in the United States opportunities directly to students. par­ would have voted "yes." since January 1, 1978. June 15, 1979. I ents, and communities. June 12, 1979. I Rollcall No. 234. H.R. 2444. Education would have voted "yes." would have voted "yes." Department. Harkin amendment to Rollcall No. 246. H.R. 4388. Energy and Rollcall No. 221. H.R. 2444. Education delete from the bill the transfer of water development appropriations, fiscal Department. Quayle amendment to de­ science education programs from the Na­ 1980. Bevill motion that the House resolve lete language in the bill providing for five tional Science Foundation to the pro­ itself into the Committee of the Whole officers in the proposed Education De­ posed Department. June 13, 1979. I would for consideration of the bill. June 15, partment with duties to be assigned by have voted "yes." 1979. I would have voted "yes." the Secretary. June 12, 1979. I would Rollcall No. 235. H.R. 2444. Education Rollcall No. 247. H.R. 4388. Energy and have voted "yes." Department. Dickinson amendment to water development appropriations, fiscal Rollcall No. 223. H.R. 4390. Legislative delete from the bill transfer of the em­ 1980. Cavanaugh amendment to delete branch appropriations, fiscal 1980. ployees of the overseas military depend­ $6 million from construction funding for O'Neill motion to order the previous ent schools of the Department of Defense the O'Neill unit, in northern Nebraska, question on adoption of the rule provid­ to the proposed Education Department. of the Pick-Sloan Missouri Basin project. ing for House floor consideration of the June 13, 1979. I would have voted "yes." June 15, 1979. I would have voted "no." bill to appropriate $952,878,400 for the Rollcall No. 236. H.R. 2444. Education Rollcall No. 248. H.R. 4388. Energy House and related congressional agencies Department. Kildee amendment to delete and water development appropriations, in fiscal 1980. June 13, 1979. I would have from the bill transfer of Indian education fiscal 1980. Brown amendment to de­ voted "no." programs from the Bureau of Indian lete $5.3 million in construction funding Rollcall No. 224. S. 429. Defense De­ Affairs to the proposed Department. for a desalinization plant near Yuma, partment fiscal 1979 supplemental. Price June 13, 1979. I would have voted "yes." Ariz. June 15, 1979. I would have voted motion that the conference committee Rollcall No. 237. H.R. 2444. Education meetings between the House and Senate "no." Department. McClory amendment to Rollcall No. 249. House Resolution 321. on the fiscal 1979 Defense Department delete from the bill transfer of criminal Southeast Asia refugee crisis. Adoption supplemental authorization bill be closed justice education programs from the Law of the resolution to express the sense of when classified information was dis­ Enforcement Assistance Administration cussed, but that any Member of Congress the House of Representatives that the to the proposed Department. June 13, President should urge the Secretary would be eligible to attend meetings of 1979. I would have voted "yes." the conference. June 13, 1979. I voted General of the United Nations to take Rollcall No. 238. H.R. 2444. Education appropriate measures to deal with the "yes.'' Department. Goodling amendment to Rollcall No. 225. H.R. 4390. Legisl•ative add to the bill transfer of Head Start needs of refugees fleeing from Indochina. branch appropriations, fiscal 1980. programs to the proposed Department. June 18, 1979. I would have voted "yes." Murtha amendment to lower to 5.5 per­ Rollcall No. 250. H.R. 4388. Energy June 13, 1979. I would have voted "yes." and water development appropriations, cent from 7 percent the ceiling provided Rollcall No. 239. H.R. 2444. Education in the bill on any salary increase that fiscal 1980. Glickman amendment to add Department. Obey motion to strike the $5 million to appropriations for the Nu­ could be paid during fiscal 1980 to any enacting clause of the bill. June 13, 1979. employee of the Federal or District of clear Regulatory Commission for on­ I would have voted "yes." site inspectors at nuclear powerplants. Columbia governments whose salary was Rollcall No. 240. H.R. 4388. Energy and $47,500 or more as of September 30. June 18, 1979. I would have voted "yes." water development appropriations, fiscal Rollcall No. 251. H.R. 4388. Energy and 1978. June 13, 1979. I would have voted 1980. Bevill motion that the House re­ "yes.'' solve itself into the Committee of the water development appropriations, fiscal Rollcall No. 226. H.R. 4390. Legislative Whole for consideration of the bill to 1980. Kostmayer amendment to delete branch appropriations, fiscal 1980. Er­ appropriate fiscal 1980 funds for energy language in the bill restricting to li~ens­ lenbom amendment to reduce to $37,- and water development programs. June ing operations the duties of additwnal 448,260 from $39,418,800 the fiscal 1980 employees of the Nuclear Regulatory 14, 1979. I would have voted "yes." Commission, thus giving discretion to the appropriations for House Members' offi­ Rollcall No. 241. H.R. 4388. Energy and cial expenses. June 13, 1979. I would have Commission for assigning responsibilities water development appropriations, fiscal of the new employees. June 18, 1979. I voted "no." 1980. Johnson amendment, to the Dodd Rollcall No. 227. H.R. 4390. Legislative would have voted "yes." amendment, to require that expense Rollcall No. 252. H.R. 4388. Energy branch appropriations, fiscal 1980. Pas­ funds paid by the Federal Government to sage of the bill to appropriate $952,878,- and water development appropriations, an intervenor in Federal Energy Regula­ fiscal 1980. Weaver amendment to pro­ 400 for the House and related congres­ tory Administration proceedings whose sional agencies in fiscal 1980. June 13, hibit use of Nuclear Regulatory Com­ 1979. I would have voted "yes." side lost be paid by the intervenor to the mission funds for issuance of operating Rollcall No. 228. H.R. 4388. Energy and respondent. June 15, 1979. I would have licenses for a nuclear powerplant in a water development appropriations, fis­ voted "yes." State which had not submitted an emer­ cal 1980. Adoption of the rule providing Rollcall No. 242. H.R. 4388. Energy and gency evacuation plan to the NRC. June for House floor consideration of the bill water development appropriations, fiscal 18, 1979. I would have voted "no." to authorize $10.7 billion for energy and 1980. Dingell substitute a,mendment., to Rollcall No. 253. H.R. 4388. Energy and water development programs in fiscal the Dodd amendment, to set a limit of water development appropriations, fiscal 1980. June 13, 1979. I would have voted $550,000 on the amount of funds that 1980. Passage of the bill to appropr_iate "yes." could be used to pay the expenses of $10,685,930,000 for fiscal 1980 operatiOns Rollcall No. 229. H.R. 2444. Education intervenors. June 15, 1979. I would have of the Energy Department, Army Corps Department. Brooks motion that the voted "no." of Engineers Interior Department, House resolve itself into the CommittPe Rollcall No. 243. Procedural motion. Bureau of Reciamation, and seven inde- CXXV--1675-Pa.rt 20 26632 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 27, 1979 pendent agencies and commissions. June Rollcall No. 265. H.R. 111. Panama boundaries. Most of the onshore sedlmenta.ry Canal treaties implementation. Biaggi basins, in which hydrocarbons may be found, 18, 1979. I would have voted "yes." have been pretty thoroughly tested. Rollcall No. 254. H.R. 4391. Military amendment to prohibit the annual pay­ All but a small part of our proven hydro­ construction appropriations, fiscal 1980. ments to Panama called for under the carbon reserves were discovered and declared Passage of the bill to appropriate $3,481,- 1978 canal treaties unless Panama settled commerical when crude oll sold for under 991,000 for military construction pro­ all outstanding expropriation claims by $3.50 per barrel at the wellhead, and natural grams of the Defense Department for American companies. June 20, 1979. I gas sold for under 20c per thousand cubic fiscal 1980. June 18, 1979. I would have would have voted "yes." feet. Since 1974 there has been no lack of voted "no." Rollcall No. 266. H.R. 111. Panama price incentive to explore; there is presently canal treaties implementation. Murphy no limit on what can be charged for newly Rollcall No. 255. H.R. 4387. Agriculture discovered crude oil, and the permitted sell· appropriations, fiscal 1980. Whitten mo­ amendment to the Hansen amendment ing price has be_en over $10 a barrel for years. tion that the House resolve itself into to restore the original language in the As a result there has ·been no lack of explor­ the Committee of the Whole for further bill dealing with annual payments to atory effort, all available drllling rigs having consideration of the bill to appropriate Pam.ama from oanal revenues, property been active for some time. The number of $16,700,000,000 for fiscal 1980 for the transfers to Panama and U.S. costs in exploratory wells drllled, a.nd the total ex­ Department of Agriculture. June 18, implementing the 1978 canal treaties. ploratory footage drilled, ha.ve increased over June 20, 1979. I would have voted "yes."e 50 % since 1973. 1979. I would have voted "yes." Despite this, in 1978 only around 200 mll­ Rollcall No. 256. H.R. 4387. Agriculture lion barrels of oil were disoovered in new appropriations, fiscal 1980. Passage of fields while we were drawing down our re­ the bill to appropriate $16,700,815,000 in serves by 3 bill1on barrels. Most of our addi­ fiscal 1980 for the Agriculture Depart­ GASOLINE RATIONING-NOW tions to reserves in that year were from ment and related agencies. June 19, 1979. known accumulations, the higher prices I would have voted "yes." HON. PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR. preva111ng making additional volumes eco­ Rollcall No. 257. House Resolution 239. nomically recoverable. The plain truth 1s Petroleum reserve explomtion. Adoption OF CALIFORNIA that, outside Alaska, we have not been mak­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing many big discoveries for several decades. of the resolution to disapprove the ad­ Our only real hope for such in the future 1s ministration's plan not to spend $1,792,- Thursday, September 27, 1979 in Alaska or offshore, the very areas where 000 for explorrut:don and drilling for on • Mr. McCLOSKEY. Mr. Speaker, of the environmental groups oppose any explora­ 'in the national petroleum reserve in 462,000 people I represent, the most per­ tion or production. Alaska. June 19, 1979. I would have voted Primary energy exists in three forms­ ceptive analyst of United States and solid, gaseous and liquid. In the United "yes." world energy supplies and trends is Laut Rollcall No. 258. H.R. 2444. Education States liquid hydrocarbons have been ac­ R. Wade of Menlo Park. Mr. Wade re­ counting for close to half of our total energy Department. Brooks motion that the cently ventured some thoughts on the consumption. We have reserves of solid en­ House resolve itself into the Committee need for immediately rationing liquid ergy ·adequate for centuries, and we can man­ of the Whole for further consideration fuels which I find both persuasive and age our supplies of gaseous energy; our prob­ of the bill to establish a Department of worthy of consideration by our House lem is centered on liquid hydrocarbons of Education. June 19, 1979. I would have colleagues : which we have been using 6,800,000,000 bar­ voted "yes." rels ann.ua.lly. Rollcall No. 260. H.R. 2444. EducaJtion GASOLINE RATIONING-NOW Around a quarter of the energy we use Is Department. Fascell amendment to pre­ If gasoline rationing had been started in consumed in the transportation sector. Es­ 1974, when t he first ga.sollne lines appeared, sentially all the fuels used for transportation vent the proposed Department, during how different our economic situation would are liquids. All but a minor proportion of the first 8 months of its existence, from be today. The dollar would still be strong, these .are petroleum products-gasoline, die­ wi·tlhholding funds from a State because and inflation would not be the menace it is. sel oil, jet fuels, bunker C etc.-manufac­ of failure to comply with legal require­ That the United States had to reduce its tured from crude oil and natural gas liquids, ments for operating certain programs non-essential consumption of energy has commodities in short supply worldwide as through a single organizational unit. been known for years. The gasollne shortage well as in the United States. June 19, 1979. I would have voted "yes." that is now upon us is not something that The four basic necessities are food, cloth­ Rollcall No. 261. H.R. 2444. Education is golng to go away ln a few months, or even ing, shelter and gasoline. When a shortage of years; liquid fuels for transportation usage necessities develops no civ111zed society al­ Department. Walker amendment to re­ could be in short supply for the balance of lows price to do the rationing. Some system quire the proposed Department to in­ the century. Too late though it is, we must insuring tha;t all who need gasoline get their form local educ·81tion agencies of proposed have gasollne rationing-now. All that is minimum essential requirement a.t a fair regulations and to withdraw the regu­ open to debate is the system to be selected. price must be selected. In the sellers' market laJtions if a majority of the agencies Leading the parade of warning signals has which exists in gasoline today each handler stated in writing that they opposed been our inability to discover as much crude is charging whwt the traffic will bear, or them, except for regulations concerning oil as we have produced; in only 3 of the 34 whatever the legal maximum is, at each stage civil rights. June 19, 1979. I would have years since the end of World War II did of production and distribution, which is additions to our reserves exceed our with­ pa.clng the ra.te of inflation afflicting every­ voted "yes." drawals from them. At the end of 1970 our one. The only way to end a sellers' market is Rollcall No. 262. H.R. 111. Panama proven liquid hydrocarbon reserves--crude to bring demand down to the level of supply, Canal Tre81ties implementation. Murphy oll and natural gas liquids-amounted to which is what rationing does. It should bring motion thaJt the House resolve irtself into 44,656,000,000 barrels; at the end of 1978 a sizeable dip in the prices of all liquid fuels, the Committee of the Whole for further they were down to 31,917,000,000 barrels. In and the cost of transportation of goods and consideration of the bill to provide for the the past 8 years alone we withdrew from our people, once a system becomes fully effective. operaltion and maintenance of the Pana­ reserves 12.7 bilUon barrels more than we The "white market" gasoline checking sys­ ma Canal and to implement the Panama added to them. tem, widely discussed during the 1974 short­ In the first h-alf of the 20th century the age, appears to be the most efficient of any Canal treaties approved 1n 1978. June United States was a net exporter of crude mtionlng proposals. It utllizes a network al­ 20, 1979. I would have voted "yes." oil and petroleum products. In 1948 we be­ ready ln pla.ce and offers the best hope of Rollcall No. 263. H.R. 111. Panama came a net importer; that was 31 years ago. mlnimlzing cheating and underworld activi­ Canal treaties implementation. Bethune In 1978 we imported 2,266,000,000 barrels of ties. motion to strike the bill's enacting clause crude oil and 723,000,000 barrels of petroleum First, the government makes a determina­ and thus kill the treaty implementing products, for a total of 2,989,000,000 barrels tion of the amount of crude oil and petro­ at '8.D. average cost of around $14 per barrel. leum products that wlll be imported, based I legislaJtion. June 20, 1979. would have We should not have imported so much pe­ upon the ava1lab111ty of imports and the voted "no." troleum, which means we should not have condition of the nation's balance of pay­ Rollcall No. 264. H.R. 111. Panama used so much; it accelerated the deprecla.tion ments. Canal treaties implementation. Mur­ of the U.S . dollar and the domestic rate of Second, the government sets a target for phy amendment to the Hanley amend­ inflation. the production of all llquld fuels used for Nat ural ga.s was first discovered in the transportation, based on the total feedstocks ~~t, , 1fBrian Downing, Dan Ford, for dollar deposit accounts; in addition to nor what percentage of what remains we will coaching staff. carrying name and address gasoline checks be able to recover. Enormous new reserves Rolph Garr, Bobby Grich, Larry Har­ would show driver's license number and the will be found while improved technology w111 low, Carney Landsford, Rick Miller, llcense plate numbers of vehicles likely to be permit greater recovery from known reserves, driven. but we will st111 be short of cheap conven­ Rance Mulliniks, Merv Rettenmund, Joe On paying for gasoline the purchaser tional hydrocarbons. Rudi, Dickie Thon, Don Aase, Mike Bar­ would concurrently write out a check for We will develop new sources of energy, low, Jim Barr, Ralph Botting, Marik the gallonage and give it to the retailer. The but the lead times can run upwards of 10 Clear, Dave Frost, Chris Knapp, Dave total of his gasoline checks would determine years. The time to have started a crash LaRouche, John Montague, Nolan Ryan, how many gallons the supplier could deliver program was 10 years ago. Some members Frank Tanana, team roster. to the retailer, and the checks would be of Congress attempted to get a National With all due respect to my colleagues turned over to him. The supplier would then Energy Policy established as early as 1970. from Baltimore, I would like all of you turn his gasoline checks over to his financial A program-Project Independence-was institution which would put them in the presented to the Congress in 1974. Not until to join me in honoring the California same clearing house system now used for the closing days of 1978 did the first step Angels and wish them luck in the up­ money checks. Severe penalties for overdrafts toward a comprehensive National Energy coming playoffs.• would probably include the lifting of a Plan get on the statute books on the federal driver's license in the event of repeated level. The history is one of neglect, not of violations. At the start some cheating is lack of information. doubtless inevitable, but with vigorous en­ The longer we delay getting an emcient ANDY CUNNINGHAM MARKS IDS forcement this should in due course become gasoline rationing system in place the more 40,000TH RACE CALL minimal. seriously our economy and our personal A completely free market in gasoline lives will be disrupted when it is finally checks would exist, with everyone free to forced on us in desperation. Rather than HON. J. WILLIAM STANTON signallng the end of our llfestyles rationing buy or sell gasoline checks at any price. OF OHIO Financial institutions would make a market is the only means of maximizing their du­ in gasoline checks, and a broker's profit for ration. Even if we have to limit our con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES doing so. They would issue cashier's gaso­ sumption of llquid energy for an extended Thursday, September 27, 1979 llne checks to buyers rather than hand en­ period it would still be possible for us to dorsed checks over to their customers. As­ increase our total energy consumption. e Mr. STANTON. Mr. Speaker, it was suming the unit used ln allocation was 10 Everyone has a stake in minimizing the recently brought to my personal atten­ gallons, financial institutions would also transitional gap. Even after a. consensus tion that on the evening of October 4, make change in 1 gallon and 5 gallon has been established as to how we should 1979, Mr. Andy Cunningham will mark cashier's checks. ration gasoline it will take months for any his 40,000th race call at Northfield Park The pool for esserutial uses would be di­ system to become operational. Already no in Northfield, Ohio. vided into "business" and "personal." Pre­ scheme could be effective before 1980. The sumably most businesses would have a. record decision to ration gasoline must be made­ Andy Cunningham is a living legend in of their past gasoline consumption which now.e the United States in this profession. He could be used as one basis for allocations. has been associated with the sport of Businesses, as well as individuals, would be racing, both thoroughbreds and harness, free to trade in the white market although A TRIBUTE TO THE CALIFORNIA for 49 years. During this period he has tt might prove to be necessary to establish ANGELS worked at 19 tracks in 7 different States. some limits. Throughout the years, he has been hon­ The major task would obviously be esta.b­ ored by Governors, mayors, and other llshing the minimum essential gasoline needs HON. JERRY M. PATTERSON officials for his outstanding contributions of each of those in the personal pool. Ob­ OF CALIFORNIA viously minimum requirements would have to this sport. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to be under the cognizance of local boards. Several ~s ago, Gov. James A. The friction that would inevitably be gen­ Thursday, September 27, 1979 Rhodes of Ohio presented a plaque to him erated should be minimized by the safety e Mr. PATTERSON. Mr. Speaker, last changing his title from Golden Voice of valve in the existence of a free market in Racing to Golden Voice of Safety. This gasollne checks; the basic ration would not be night a dramatic event in the history of the limit of the e.mount of gasoline available Orange County, Calif., occurred when the was due to the fact that Andy Cunning­ to tlhe individual if minimal needs proved to California Angels baseball team captured ham had contributed his time and many be greater than the assigned amount. the American League Western Division talents to the subject of highway safety Since gasoline rationing wlll be a. way of championship. The Angels, who make in the State of Ohio. life for many years this system should in due their home at Anaheim Stadium, in Ana­ On this coming Thursday evening, Mr. course shake down 11.nd provide as equitable heim, have withstood the rigorous pres­ Cunningham will be honored after the a distribution as is humanly possible. The eighth race for reaching this milestone in coupon system, used during World War II, sures of a close and sustained pennant was widely abused and is not a viable alterna­ race, and have proven themselves worthy his career. I wish to take this opportunity tive; there were no computers then, a.nd only champions. The Angels also demonstrat­ to extend my personal congratulations a computer system in being makes possible a ed a surprising depth of talent as they to Andy Cunningham. Our association gasoline checking system. suffered injuries to several key players covers a span of 31 years since I met him Any rationing system Involves more paper­ during the season. at the Painesville Raceway in Painesville, work and .a larger bureaucracy; this price is Certainly a large degree of tribute Ohio shortly after World War n. small W'hen comnared with the a.lterna.tive­ should be paid to Gene Autry, the color­ Mr. Speaker, I know that my many blllions of man hours spent in gasoline lines, colleagues here in the House join me in sporadic violence and the unacceptable bur­ ful owner and chairman of the board of den that would be loaded on the lower tn­ the Angels who fulfilled his promise to extending to Andy Cunningham every come groups if no rationing system existed. mold a championship team. Also, my best wish for many more years as the As the Caterpillar advertisements proclaim: friend, A. E. "Red" Patterson, assistant Golden Voice of Racing. He is t11e type "There are no simple solutions. Only intelli­ to the chairman of the board of the An­ of person that has made harness racing gent choices." gels, and general manager E. J. "Buzzie" one of the finest sports in the world.e 26634 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 27, 1979 CLEAR CHANNEL STATION WSM [From the Athens (Ga.) Daily News, Sept. 6, program director, and Opry manager Hal PROVIDED VITAL HURRICANE IN­ 1979] Durham ought to be proud of their station SAVANNAH: WSM TO THE RESCUE and their staff. FORMATION Some people slept a lot better Tuesday (By Bllly Dilworth) night because they knew what was going on. HON. ALBERT GORE, JR. SAVANNAH.-Thousa.nds in Savannah And knowledge, either garnered through brought out candles Tuesday night and they storms or lllness, helps a lot. OF TENNESSEE had not eaten by candlelight in years. For "Storms Never Last, Do They, Baby?" was IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES some, it was a first. a giant record for beautiful Jessi Colter. It Mrs. Anne Palmer of Van Nuys Boulevard Thursday, September 27, 1979 must have been played a thousand times on had been without electricity since 6 a.m. WSM. • Mr. GORE. Mr. Speaker, clear-chan­ when the forerunner of Hurricane David Tuesday night, the song was more than an nel radio stations have been essential to brought down power lines and decommis­ exercise or a ritual. providing valuable broadcasting services sioned water lines and a state of emergency Thankfully, because of WSM and the good existed. Lord and the elements, it ended just like to millions of Americans since this coun­ "All we got down here is rain and high Jess! said.e try's broadcasting system was established winds and they reached 90 miles an hour at 45 years ago. Clear channel stations, like the beach 15 miles away," she told us. WSM in Nashville, are particularly im­ "The one comforting thing is WSM Radio portant to people living in those small in Nashville," she expressed. "I'm listening to THE INCREASED NEED FOR CRUDE towns and rural areas where local radio Chuck Morgan now and they've got a good signal. All the Savannah radio and TV sta­ OIL CONTROLS service is either limited or nonexistent. tions are off the air, except one, and it's Currently, the Federal Communica­ broadcasting a baseball game, would you tions Commission is considering a pro­ believe?" HON. ANTHONY TOBY MOFFETT posed rule to limit the broadcast cover­ Within another 10 minutes, Chuck Morgan OF CONNECTICUT age of clear channel stations. I believe was proclaiming the powerful 50,000-watt IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES this is a very shortsighted proposal. It Nashville station as "Your Hurricane Watch would deprive many Americans in under­ Station." Thursday, September 27, 1979 We gave Chuck a live report on the air at served areas of important programing­ eight minutes before midnight and talked 0 Mr. MOFFETT. Mr. Speaker, I would news, weather, agriculture reports, high­ about 15-20 miles per hour winds in North­ like to call my colleagues' attention to way information, and the like-which east Georgia and we read a dispatch just in the following article which appeared in cannot be provided by small, local radio from the National Weather Service in Athens the Washington Star on September 25. stations. The loss of this service under ifegarding thunderstorm activity between The Department of Energy has found the FCC proposal would allow the crea­ Thomson, Ga., and Central, S.C. that decontrolled domestic oil is selling tion of a very small number of new AM Chuck seemed impressed his station was at prices significantly higher than the radio stations but, incredibly, 50 percent indeed getting multi-thousands of listeners OPEC ceiling. Newly discovered oil in along the storm's path. of the land area of the United States At 12 :20 a.m., a lady called in from Towns­ July, for instance, sold for an average would be deprived of all night-time radio end, Ga., between Brunswick and Savannah, of $26 a barrel, compared to the cartel signals. and told how the edge of Hurricane David ceiling price of $23.50 and the average For that reason, I have supported an knocked out lights and caused all sorts of imported price of $23.07. It is $8 per alternative proposal to narrow the spac­ havoc on Tybee Island. She related how barrel less than the administration pre·· ing on the AM band between radio sta­ Tybee's police chief was critically injured in dieted in May. tions in order to create new opportuni­ a head-on crash "while he was doing his job." This information indicates quite clear­ WSM was rolling with the storm. ties for local radio service. I believe this At 12:49 a.m., a call came into Chuck's ly that earlier estimates of the cost of proposal is both technically and econom­ studios from a listener in Beaufort, S.C., oil decontrol are quite low since they ically feasible for the broadcasting in­ where the main thifUSt of the storm struck were based on domestic oil rising to dustry. It could result in the creation of just hours before. OPEC levels instead of surpassing them several hundred new radio stations in the An automobile salesman, who appeared to as has occurred. For example, the Con­ United States without restricting the be quite knowledgeable, told the radio audi­ gressional Budget Office study project­ broadcast coverage of existing clear ence how the force of 60 and 70 mph winds ing increased producer revenues of $209.7 channel stations, and without depriving tossed many objects around like match­ sticks and how water was covering the streets billion between 1979 and 1985 was based rural Americans of night-.time service. and affecting condos and the like on exclu­ on a projected price of $23.50, a price One of the questions which the FCC sive real estate patches like Fripp Island and already exceeded by decontrolled do­ is studying is whether or not clear chan­ Hilton Head miles below. mestic oil. nel stations provide public service pro­ The Beaufort caller explained that Inter­ I urge my colleagues to consider the graming to the distant areas where their state 16 was "in bad shape and not many added costs to the economy from decon­ signal reaches. Earlier this month, when people are traveling" and told how the town trol in light of this information and to Hurricane David swept along the coast of Hardeeville, near Savannah, was struck support efforts to restore consumer pro­ of the southeastern United States, clear just before the winds and the rains moved tection devices through crude oil decon­ across Beaufort. channel station WSM broadcast vital in­ The Chuck Morgan Show was on the move. trol. formation on the location of the hurri­ Later, as the night wore on, the storm The article follows: cane to thousands of listeners in Georgia moved on and Hairl Hensley, who mans the SoME DECONTROLLED U.S. On. MORE COSTLY and South Carolina. Even though WSM's early morning shift at WSM, took over where THAN OPEC's studios in Nashville were hundreds of Chuck left off. (By Ross Evans) miles away from the storm, the radio "We had calls from the peop.le at Myrtle Beach who had no radio contact of their own Uncontrolled domestic oil prices have been station's management instantly recog­ rising significantly faster than the cost of nized their obligation to provide the peo­ and w&e listening to us," Hensley explained in a telephone call at his home Wednesday imports, new Energy Department figures ple of their coverage area with this im­ afternoon. "I think it was good that we were show, and some U.S. oil is now among the portant information. able to help and feed all the information most expensive in the world. I think WSM's experience gives an im­ available." Much of the decontrolled U.S. oil is of a portant perspective on the FCC proposal Calls bounced in from people from higher, more expensive quality than the 1m­ and will be useful as the Congress con­ throughout the storm's path and the good port average. But that difference alone ap­ news was that no one had been k11led-a.s parently is not enough to account for the siders legislation, such as H.R. 1913, margin above the world price, government introduced by my colleague from Ten­ of that moment. The good news from the bad-news storm, economists said. nessee, Congressman BoNER, which I am which will go down on record as a giant klller The figures, released yesterday, plot an cosponsoring, to prevent the FCC from because of the Dominican Republic, is that uncertain trend that could raise the stakes cutting back the clear channel stations. WSM Radio in Nashville, Tenn., demonstrated of President Carter's plan to decontrol all A columnist for the Athens, Ga., Daily beyond a shadow of a doubt Tuesday night u.s. oil. They undermine a common assump­ News, has written about the importance that clear-channel stations are just as vital tion in the debate over decontrol-that of WSM's service to the people of in 1979 as they were during World War II domestic prices would rise ;to the world level GPorgia. I insert his remarks at this days in the 1940s. set by OPEC-by showing that U.S. prices point: Len Hensel, station manager, Al Voecks, can go even higher. September 27, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 26635 From May to July, as the latest round of nomics," a defect common in much of the uncertainty makes it more and more diffi­ official OPEC price increases began to take libertarian writings and especially among cult to make personal plans. This unfortu­ nate situation has now been going on ever effect, the actual cost of imports to U.S. some precious metal advocates. In short, refiners rose 22 percent. The average cost since those now alive reached maturity. So, of domestic oil already free of controls, Percy Greaves makes the point that per­ by force of circumstances, we have been led about one-third of U.S. production, went up sonal assets become meaningless if indi­ deeper and deeper into a dark "forest" where 30 percent in the same period. vidual freedoms are lost and tyranny our economic vision grows dimmer and dim­ Some categories of U.S. crude were priced reigns. mer. We see a lot of politically-planted trees several dollars over the highest official world "The Crisis of Western Civilization" by blocking the paths of economic progress. prices. So-called "newly discovered" oil, Greaves was first published in Gold What we see, hear and read in the public which Carter decontrolled as of June 1, cost Newsletter, volume VIII, No. 5 ince 1971, this has which means oil from fields already found books that attempt to tell their readers how no longer been so. So it is becoming more but not producing during 1978, the admin­ they can save themselves or even profit from and more evident to even the more obtuse istration predicted in May that It would the dark days ahead. Many of these contain that the dollar is worth less and less with bring a. "market price" o! only $18 a barrel helpful hints. The wiser authors are cautious each passing payday. As a result, there is a this year. when it comes to their detailed recommenda­ greater recognition that something unpleas­ That estimate, based on projections of tions for financial survival or the formation ant is ahead. Each group foresees ruin for OPEC prices, turned out to be low partly of future fortunes. In most of this "alarm­ its members if its political favors are cur­ because the oil c.a.rtel soon raised its prices ing" literature, there is an almost silent im­ tailed. Politicians advocate balanced budgets much higher than predicted. The gap was plication that the gloomy days ahead are without any serious suggestions about how widened further, however, because the do­ only a dark tunnel through which we must it is to be done. Expenditures are sacrosanct mestic price rose even !aster than OPEC's pass safely before we break out into the sun­ and higher taxes on the masses are consid­ "Newly discovered" oil still accounts ·for shine of a new and brighter prosperity in ered impossible. So we continue to inflate a small amount of U.S. prOduction, 1.2 per­ which It is assumed private property and the quantity of dollars our politicians dis­ cent in July at a rate of 94,000 barrels a. market processes will again prosper. tribute to their favorites. day. Thus the $12-a.-ba.rrel increase allowed No one knows the future. Every person, With each passing election we have more by decontrol so fiar averages out to only every official, every nation is a variable. All and more helpless persons living on the earn­ about 0.17 cents per gallon in the cost of oil such variables can and do change their ac­ ings o! fewer and fewer productive !arniUes. p"roducts passed through to consumers.e tions and reactions, often without prior There are signs we may have passed the point announcement or indication. Human beings, of no return, with the politically privileged. both private citizens and public officials, outnumbering those who realize they pay alter their actions, even their long-planned the b11ls. Taxes and inflation have dried up ones, when they realize that current condi­ new productive investments. To preserve THE CRISIS OF WESTERN CIVILI­ tions are not those they had planned or wealth, savings must be placed in non-pro­ ZATION foreseen. ductive investments. So tJhe welfare state The economy is thus in a constant fer­ bubble will have to burst. "Conservatives" ment or turbulence. Few of us can know ex­ are aware of this. Most of them fear a re­ HON. LARRY McDONALD actly what the President may propose in his cession or depression. They make their per­ OF' GEORGIA next speech or action. There are strong in­ sonal plans accordingly, hoping they can IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dications that not even he knows what he weather the storm. Some even hope they can will say, do, or propose the week after next. profit from the catastrophe 1! they pick the Thursday, September 27, 1979 This is largely because he has little or no right investments at the right time and place. • Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, one of basic understanding o! economics. He is While no one can foresee the details of continually surprised by the necessary con­ what lies ahead, we can, upon reflection, the clearest thinkers of this century is sequences of prior political interferences. realize it is not just a passing storm o! a few Pe~cy Greaves, an economic consultant, He also seems to be totally unaware of the months or years from which we shall then wnter, and lecturer. He is a long-time instantaneous corrections that take place emerge into sunny skies. What we !ace is s~udent of ~he greatest economist of our in a free and unhampered market wherein quite likely a debacle of civ111zation. The time, LudWig von Mises and worked as a all participants constantly shift their ac­ ideology of self-reliance and respans1bl11ty professor with von Mises. tions to meet the ever-changing demand and that built this country is dead. supply conditions for millions of goods and When the prior political manipulation of Mr. Greaves is the author of two excel­ services. dollars produced the 1929 depression, those le~t. b,C:Oks, "Understanding the Dollar Not knowing what officialdom will next who lost their jobs took what work they Cns~: . , president virtually every American citizen is to 26650 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 27, 1979 enjoy life, liberty, and the pursuit of Through these years, the clients and gon border a.nd falls entirely within the happiness. When the mental and physi­ staff experienced overcrowding and de­ boundaries of lease sale No. 53. Three areas cal development of individuals does not plorable working conditions, especially off our coast have been identified a.s "high allow normal societal functioning, spe­ interest" areas in which industry and gov­ during the winter months. With the help ernment experts believe oll and gas sup­ cial care must be taken to involve them of the Department of Education-Office plies can be found. These areas are the Eel and give them a sense of participation, of Vocational Rehabilitation-the New River Basin off the coast of Humboldt a sense of that "pursuit of happiness." York State Department of Mental County, Point Arena Basin located off Men­ In Cortland, N.Y.• this special care is Health and Developmental Disabilities, docino County, and Bodega Basin to the provided by the J. M. Murray Center for the Appalachin Regional Commission, north of us off the coast of Sonoma a.nd the Handicapped. and the board of directors of the John Marin Counties. Representatives of industry and Gov· M. Murray Center, Inc., the clients and As you can well imagine, we are deeply ernment, and people of the community concerned about what drllling in these E reas staff of both centers are now housed will mean for the future of our coastal will gather to help celebrate the dedica­ under one roof in proper facilities. communities. tion ceremony at the John M. Murray The uniqueness of this center lies in We have an absolutely spectacular coast­ Center for the Handicapped Inc., on the fact that it is self-supporting; 70 line which in terms of pristine quality and Saturday, September 29, 1979. The newly percent to 80 percent of the funds needed sheer beauty matches any coastline anyw,here. constructed vocational rehabilitation fa­ to supt:ort and maintain quality services We are opposed to any activity on the Outer cility is situated on 9 acres of land on is provided through area industry and Continental Shelf which would threaten the Route 281 property fessional staff member frmction "as a came. transfers without the consent of both sort of specialist-generalist, offering a And no people are more justifiably Houses of Congress, and it will hold canal sheep-to-shop cormseling service." proud than the thousands of Italian­ toll increases to a very modest level. In recognition of his contribution to Americans who live in the Easton area­ Unfortunately, certain organizations the industry, Mr. Salmon has been de­ the largest ethnic commWlity in the opposing this legislation have led some to scribed as a "symbol of the concept of Lehigh Valley and deeply proud of it. believe that defeat of this bill would en­ professionalism in apparel manage­ Mr. Speaker, Saturday, October 6 able us to keep the canal forever. That is ment." The Kurt Salmon Chair of Ap­ marks a day when every Lehigh Valley totally wrong and damaging to our Na­ parel Management was established at resident can "be" Italian. It is the Bona tion's best interests. the Philadelphia College of Textiles and Feste celebration, and I am honored and I believe that very few Floridians and Science upon his retirement as chair­ delighted to have been invited to join my very few Americans would have sup­ man of the board of Kurt Salmon Asso­ many friends in the Easton Italian­ ported the immediate giveaway of the ciates in 1974. American community. 26654 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 27, 1979 The accomplishments of Italian­ regulations proposed by the Administra­ As they now read, the proposed regula­ Americans are well-known and ad­ tion on Aging. tions would significantly alter the net­ mired-after all, this is a Nation named I do not believe the Administration on work of nutrition services to the elderly. after an Italian. They do not need re­ Aging has captured the intent of Con­ Section 1321.147 (c) (1) states: telling. But I do want to add one personal gress in the writing of these proposed The area agency may only award funds for note. regulations, and I am deeply concerned home delivered meals to a service provider In trying to encourage everyone in the over the possible consequences if the that also provides congregate meals. Lehigh Valley to see the brilliance of our regulations are not changed. In its attempt to achieve coordination ethnic cultures, it has become obvious During my 15 years as a social worker the Administration on Aging has gone to me time and again that without the in Baltimore I worked with many senior too far and has changed what I believe color and warmth and strength of our citizens and learned of the myriad of to be the intent of Congress. Why cannot Italian heritage here, Easton and the problems they encounter as they age. congregate meal sites continue to provide Lehigh Valley would be missing some­ For the millions of elderly persons living congregate meals, and meals-on-wheels thing valuable beyond explaining. on fixed incomes, financial burdens continue to provide home-delivered So let me praise the Easton-Northamp­ compound the problems they encoun­ meals? ton County Columbus Organization, Inc., ter-agism, isolation, housing, and Area Agencies on Aging can and hav~ for the work they have done to help transportation problems. Fortunately, been providing all the coordination nec­ keep the Italian culture alive in Easton. obtaining food need no longer be on this essary. These agencies were created by Let me also praise the many fine organi­ list. law in 1973 to be the local units which zations within this framework, such as Because I am very aware of the prob­ would award funds for social services to the Knights of Columbus, the Sons of lems of the elderly poor, I am quite en­ the elderly. They are charged with the Italy, the Sons of Italy Ladies' Lodge, couraged about the expansion of social coordination of area plans for the el­ the Holy Cross Society and its Ladies services available to them. It is hearten­ derly, transportation and home services, Auxiliary, the Castel DiLucio Society and ing to see the title Vll congregate meal and legal services. The 1978 amendments its Ladies Auxiliary, and the Circle of and meals on wheels programs operating to the Older Americans Act added social San Placido. in Baltimore, a reflection of their coun­ services, nutrition, and multipurpose Finally, Mr. Speaker, let me conclude terparts throughout the country. The senior center programs to their jurisdic­ by saying a word about Columbus Day congregate programs give seniors the tion. itself. opportunity to obtain hot meals in the The area agencies are the logical ones Columbus Day is far more than an company of their peers. While servicing to dispense funds to both the congregate Italian-American holiday alone. It is the nutritional needs of the elderly, a and meals on wheels programs. Charging even more than just another national tremendously valuable social function the congregate sites with the delivery of holiday. Columbus Day celebrates our is performed. I often visit the eating homebound meals creates another layer beginning-not in the sense of a politi­ together sites in my district, and the of bureaucracy. The proposed regulations cal beginning, as in the case of the revo­ participants are doing much more than would also put existing meals on wheels lution, but our beginning as a "New just eating together. They are talking programs in direct competition with con­ World." together, laughing together, and sharing gregate programs and even commercial Before the beginning of political free­ memories and hope. caterers for Federal dollars. Instead of dom, before the beginning of colonial Equally encouraging to me are the ex­ improving the system, the proposed regu­ and national unity, before the beginning cellent meals-on-wheels programs. In lations will create disharmony where of economic power, there was a more Baltimore we have several particularly was once partnership. basic beginning. It was a beginning of fine programs. Over 1,250 persons are To worsen the situation the proposed understanding on the part of Europe of served daily by Baltimore volunteer regulations do not make any mention, the staggering potential of that "sleeping home delivery programs. Almost 70 per­ when addressing how home delivered giant," the New World. That beginning cent of tlhe volunteers who deliver the meal services are to be chosen, of the was made possible by the handful of ex­ meals are elderly themselves, and these extra beneficial services now being per­ plorers, of whom Christopher Columbus people, through their generosity and formed by meals on wheels volunteers. was the most famous, who committed community spirit, serve over 600,000 They provide social contacts for the their lives and fortunes to a vague, mag­ meals a year to homebound Baltimore­ clients, help clients establish eligibility nificent hope on the other side of an ans. They have identified a genuine com­ for other kinds of assistance, provide nu­ unknown ocean. munity need-assisting the homebound trition education, arrange transportation, Such explorers were men of unlimited elderly in achieving a nutritionally sound write letters and follow up on client faith in God and unimaginable courage. diet. Without Federal funds, they began emergencies. Last year meals on wheels And in the end, they triumphed. meeting that need on a dependable and of central Maryland followed up on 55 regular basis. So today, as the people of Easton enjoy client emergencies where police, physi­ themselves celebrating, I call upon the Because of their fine work, demand for cians or ambulances were called ln. The U.S. Congress to join in honoring the the services of meals on Wheels ihas been volunteers provide much more than a vision of the "Great Explorer." He was increasing. Last year the demand in­ hot meal every day. They are a lifeline. the first Italian to make America his creased by over 12 percent in Baltimore. The regulations make no provision for life's dream-but fortunately, not the That is why, when in 1978 the Congress the above nonnutrition related services, last. Columbus still lives today in all of decided that the Government should give nor for the recruitment and training of us. I wish Easton Bona Feste and Bona a hand and participate in the feeding of deliverers. Fortuna.• the homebound, I was very pleased. Along Another problem with section 1321.147 with many of my colleagues I believed

SENATE-Friday, September 28, 1979

The Senate met at 10:15 a.m., on the RECOGNITION OF THE MAJORITY jections to the treaty, usually raised on expiration of the recess, and was called LEADER technical grounds. Time after time, these to order by Hon. ROBERT C. BYRD, a Sen­ The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. objections have been successfully rebut­ ator from the State of West Virginia. PROXMIRE). Under the previous order, ted by careful consideration of the con­ the majority leader 1s recognized for not vention and its legislative history. PRAYER to exceed 5 minutes. One such objection is rooted in article The Reverend Donal M. Squires, chap­ II of the convention. Genocide 1s defined lain, lieutenant colonel, U.S. Air Force as the commission of certain specified THE JOURNAL acts, such as murder, with the "intent (retired), Fairmont, W. Va., offered the Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President, following prayer: to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, I ask unanimous consent that the Jour­ ethnical, racial, or religious group." As 0 God, almighty and eternal, without nal of the proceedings be approved to each individual constitutes a part o! whom ,no nation can be great, make us date. such a group, critics have contended that mindful of Thy presence, eager to do The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without the treaty makes no distinction between Thy will, and willing to walk in Thy objection, it 1s so ordered. genocide and the murder of one person. way. Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President, Mr. President, these critics are wrong. Deliver us from disagreements which I reserve the remainder of my time. As reprehensible as any homicide Is, it make us disagreeable, from differences does not in itself constitute genocide, which make a difference in our associa­ RECOGNITION OF THE MINORITY even if the crime 1s the result of racial tions, and from resentments which ruin LEADER or religious bigotry. The legislative his­ our relationships. tory of the convention makes it clear Make us adequate for every adjust­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under the that genocide must include the intent to ment we have to make, ready for every previous order, the minority leader is rec­ destroy the entire group concerned. respO!Ilsibility we have to carry, and equal ognized for not to exceed 5 minutes. As Dean Rusk testified in 1950: to every emergency which comes our Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I wish The convention does not aim at the vio­ way. to reserve my time and yield it to the lent expression of prejudice which is d irected at individual members of groups. In the midst of busy days, may we Senator from Kansas genocide and recognize that, i! we real­ PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE, Washtngton, D.C., September 28, 1979. ly want a memorial to do something ef­ To the Senate: GENOCIDE AND HOMICIDE fective about that horrible crime that Under the provisions of rule I, section 3, Hitler perpetrated, we should pass the of the Standing Rules of the Senate, I hereby Mr. PROXMffiE. Mr. President, the Genocide Convention. appoint the Honorable RoBERT C. BYRD, a Genocide Convention enjoys the support Mr. President, I yield back the re­ Senator from the State of West Virginia, of a great number of Americans, from mainder of my time to the majority to perform the duties of the Chair. many diverse segments of our popula­ leader. . WARREN G. MAGNUSON, tion. Religious groups, professional President pro tempore. groups, civic organizations, and many RECOGNITION OF SENATOR Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD thereuoon as­ others have given the treaty t!leir over­ KASSEBAUM sumed the chair as Acting President pro whelming endorsements. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Who tempore. There have also been responsible ob- yields time?

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