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Upfront In Practice NextGen Profession IL-18 stakes claim as an Strategies for What are the benchmarks for Making conferences a AMD therapy managing research in DME? family affair

14 36 –37 42 – 44 48 – 49 Ecknauer+Schioch ASW Breathtaking So easytooperate!DirectAccess Beautiful cases. 1200cutsanteriorvitrectomy. trolled corticalclean-up.HFcapsulotomyfordifficult That’s 1.6 to3.2mm,fast,safeandtheACalwaysstable. Any nucleusfrom softtohardest, anyincisionfrom Strong www.oertli-catarhex3.com highest volumeinanyset-upatcontrolled costs. Lets you enjoy most advanced surgery from low to For You Built-in compressor. Justplugto90-230V. glaucoma surgery. Fantastictoetipofflowcontrol. glaucomafunction,thefutureinterno ofcombined Truly portable, 5kg, fits ina pilot’s case.HFDSab Unique brings afriendlynoteinyourOR. Bright, easytoread display. Amarvelof design, without confusion.Programmable for20surgeons. easyPhaco ® . CortexMode TM forprecisely con- ® toanyfunction 20. CynthiaRoberts 19. Paul Mitchell 18. Roberto Bellucchi 17. Stanley Chang 16. Stanzel Boris 15. SusanneBinder 14. Foster Allen 13. Pyott David 12. Michael Mrochen 11. SeangMeiSaw 10. McGhee Charles Aung 9. Tin 8. Daniel Martin 7. Staurenghi Giovanni 6. Scott Alan 5. EberhardtZrenner 4. Jager Martine 3. George Spaeth 2. BillAylward 1. Carmen PuliafitoCarmen 72 60 46 1 73 47 2 61 28 74 3 48 62 29 4 75 63 49 40. Bradley Straatsma 39. Peng Khaw 38. Allingham R. Rand 37. EmilioCampo 36. Stamper Robert 35. Singh Kuldev 34. Paul Foster 33. Paul Sieving 32. Alfonso Eduardo 31.Ningli Wang 30. Peter Barry 29. TonyAdamis 28. Farhad Hafezi 27. 26. Abramson David 25. EGrant Robert 24. Garway-Heath David 23. Osher Robert 22. WeinrebRobert 21. Claude Burgoyne 5 30 Hannah Faal 76 6 31 50 64 7 87 77 65 8 88 32 Who’s on theCover? Who 51 78 9 33 66 10 89 52 34 11 60. CarolShields Hugh Taylor59. 58. Evan Gragoudas 57. Joan Miller 56. 55.George Waring 54. 53. Mark SHumayun 52. 51. Richard Abbott 50. Zhang Xiulan 49. Parke David 48. 47. Zinser Gerhard Sommer 46. Alfred 45. Daniel Palanker 44. EmilyChew 43. 42. Ritch Robert TsubotaKazuo 41. 79 35 12 67 Shigeru KinoshitaShigeru SeregardStefan Ursula Schmidt-Erfurth Sunil Shah 53 90 13 54 80 14 36 68 91 15 37 81 38 55 16 92 82 39 17 80. Paul Sternberg 79. Maguire Al TassignonMarie-José 78. 77. YannuzziLawrence 76. John Kanellopoulos 75. Ahmed Ike 74. Ioannis Pallikaris 73. Nussenblatt Robert 72. Njuits Rudy 71. Nag Rao Mark Tso70. 69. Hageman Greg 68. JeanBennett 67. TetsuyaYamamoto 66. PhillipRosenfeld 65. JamesFujimoto 64. RogerHitchings 63. Usha Chakravarthy 62. Oliver Findl Quigley 61. Harry 18 83 40 69 56 19 93 20 41 94 21 70 22 95 42 84 57 23 96 43 71 58 100. HarminderDua 99. John Marshall 98. Spivey Bruce 97. DanAlbert 96. Dohlman Claes 95. Jorge Alio 94. Frank Holz 93. Donald Tan92. 91. Agarwal Amar Seiler 90. Theo 89. Richard Lindstrom 88. Auffarth Gerd 87. Chang David 86. DennisLam 85. Renato Ambrosio 84. Neil Bressler 83.Abhay Vasavada 82. Paul Kaufman 81. JimMazzo 24 97 44 85 David HuangDavid 25 59 99 86 98 26 100 45 27 Corneal response due to an air ® OCULUS Corvis ST pulse, 140 images in 31 ms. The Power of the List Editorial The Ophthalmologist Power List 2014 is this publication’s catalog of the 100 most influential people in today.

13.282 ms

hy generate a Top 100? Of the many reasons, 15.114 ms the chief one is to catalog and celebrate progress. I believe that most ophthalmologists would agree that these are among the best 17.175 ms of times for the profession; an age of wisdom rather than of Wfoolishness. Your accomplishments include: the development of new surgical techniques, drugs and ophthalmic devices; breakthroughs in the understanding of , pathology and epidemiology; 19.007 ms improvements (arguably) in health care administration and delivery, and the growth of an industry and infrastructure to meet the complex medical needs of patients. 21.068 ms This progress is driven by people, and those driving this progress deserve recognition. One great way of doing this is to highlight the achievements of ophthalmology’s most influential contributors. And that’s what the Power List is: a celebration, acknowledgement and offer 22.900 ms of gratitude to some of the major contributors to ophthalmology today. I don’t claim that this is definitively the top 100 people in Highspeed Scheimpflug ophthalmology. It’s a subjective list, initially compiled from our 24.961 ms readers’ contributions. If it has shocking omissions or inclusions – do camera visualizes the let us know and help us by submitting nominations next year. The list was developed in three stages. In stage 1, we invited readers to nominate people that they thought deserved recognition future of diagnosis 28.854 ms – only those nominated were considered. In stage 2, a jury of five noted ophthalmologists (who prefer to remain anonymous and were modest enough not to vote for themselves) selected their top 100

30.915 ms Please note: The availability of the products and features may differ in your country. Specifications and design are subject to change. Please contact your local distributor for details. from the slate of nominees: the results were consolidated into a list of 100 names. In stage 3, the jury ranked the list from 1 through 100; the average scores provided the final Power List. To resume the Dickens theme, the list does contain both the season of light and the season of darkness. One dazzling feature of the list is its geographical scope. Within the Top 20, ten countries are represented, and within the Top 100 as Highspeed Scheimpflug camera a whole, there are representatives of 21 countries. Ophthalmologists from Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Europe, and in combination with non-contact tonometer: Australia are included in the list. Who would have imagined that a list of 100 influential ophthalmologists would have been so broad? (For the • Precise measurement of the IOP record, the five judges came from five countries and three continents). A darker aspect is the gender ratio: the entire list has just 13 women, and all of the Top 20 are men. That’s a depressing statistic. • Precise measurement of corneal thickness To those who participated, our thanks. To those who feel aggrieved, let us know and aim for satisfaction in 2015: the list will • Information on biomechanical response be an annual event. And to those named in The Ophthalmologist Power List 2014, our congratulations. More power to you! • Screening for ectasia Richard Gallagher Editorial Director www.oculus.de

The Ophthalmologist Corvis ST Produkt 210x266 e 03.14.indd 1 31.03.2014 13:00:40 TARGETING THE MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION1

IL-6 IL-8 VEGF ICAM-1 MCP-1

Delivering efficacy in the clinical setting2-5

These images are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent inflammatory mediator levels in the eye.

OZURDEX® (Dexamethasone 700 micrograms intravitreal implant in withdrawing the applicator from the eye, make sure that the actuator button is pregnancy unless the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the foetus. applicator) fully pressed and has locked flush with the applicator surface. Remove the needle Lactation: Dexamethasone is excreted in breast milk. No effects on the child are in the same direction as used to enter the vitreous. Immediately after injecting anticipated due to the route of administration and the resulting systemic levels. Abbreviated Prescribing Information OZURDEX, use indirect ophthalmoscopy in the quadrant of injection to confirm However OZURDEX is not recommended during breast feeding unless clearly Presentation: Intravitreal implant in applicator. One implant contains successful implantation. Visualisation is possible in the large majority of cases. In necessary. Driving/Use of Machines: Patients may experience temporarily reduced 700 micrograms of dexamethasone. Disposable injection device, containing a cases in which the implant cannot be visualised, take a sterile cotton bud and lightly vision after receiving OZURDEX by intravitreal injection. They should not drive or rod-shaped implant which is not visible. The implant is approximately 0.46 mm in depress over the injection site to bring the implant into view. Following the use machines until this has resolved. Adverse Effects: RVO In clinical trials the diameter and 6 mm in length. Indications: Treatment of adult patients with intravitreal injection patients should continue to be treated with a broad spectrum most frequently reported adverse events were increased intraocular pressure (IOP) macular oedema following either Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion (BRVO) or Central antimicrobial. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to (24.0%) and conjunctival haemorrhage (14.7%). Increased IOP with OZURDEX Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO). Treatment of adult patients with inflammation of any of the excipients. Active or suspected ocular or periocular infection including peaked at day 60 and returned to baseline levels by day 180. Elevations of IOP either the posterior segment of the eye presenting as non-infectious uveitis. Dosage and most viral diseases of the cornea and conjunctiva, including active epithelial herpes did not require treatment or were managed with the temporary use of topical Administration: Please refer to the Summary of Product Characteristics before simplex keratitis (dendritic keratitis), vaccinia, varicella, mycobacterial infections, IOP-lowering medicinal products. The following adverse events were reported: Very prescribing for full information. OZURDEX must be administered by a qualified and fungal diseases. Advanced glaucoma which cannot be adequately controlled common (≥1/10): IOP increased, conjunctival haemorrhage* Common (≥1/100 to ophthalmologist experienced in intravitreal injections. The recommended dose is by medicinal products alone. Aphakic eyes with rupture of the posterior lens capsule. <1/10): Ocular hypertension, vitreous detachment, , subcapsular cataract, one OZURDEX implant to be administered intravitreally to the affected eye. Eyes with Anterior Chamber Intraocular Lens (ACIOL) and rupture of the posterior vitreous haemorrhage*, visual disturbance, vitreous opacities* (including vitreous Administration to both eyes concurrently is not recommended. Repeat doses should lens capsule. Warnings/Precautions: Intravitreous injections, including OZURDEX floaters), eye pain*, photopsia*, conjunctival oedema*, anterior chamber cell*, be considered when a patient experiences a response to treatment followed can be associated with endophthalmitis, intraocular inflammation, increased conjunctival hyperaemia*, headache Uncommon (≥1/1,000 to <1/100): Retinal subsequently by a loss in visual acuity and in the physician’s opinion may benefit intraocular pressure and retinal detachment. Proper aseptic injection techniques tear*, anterior chamber flare* Headache. Uveitis In clinical trials the most frequently from retreatment without being exposed to significant risk. Patients who experience must always be used. Patients should be monitored following the injection to permit reported adverse events in the study eye were conjunctival haemorrhage (30.3%), and retain improved vision should not be retreated. Patients who experience a early treatment if an infection or increased intraocular pressure occurs. Monitoring increased IOP (25.0%) and cataract (11.8%). The following adverse events were deterioration in vision, which is not slowed by OZURDEX, should not be retreated. may consist of a check for perfusion of the optic nerve head immediately after the reported: Very common: Increased IOP, cataract, conjunctival haemorrhage* There is only very limited information on repeat dosing intervals less than 6 months. injection, tonometry within 30 minutes following the injection, and biomicroscopy Common: Retinal detachment, Myodesopsia, vitreous opacities, blepharitis, sclera There is currently no experience of repeat administrations in posterior segment between two and seven days following the injection. Patients must be instructed hyperaemia*, , abnormal sensation in the eye*, eyelid pruritis, non-infectious uveitis or beyond 2 implants in Retinal Vein Occlusion. Patients to report any symptoms suggestive of endophthalmitis or any of the above mentioned migraine. (*Adverse reactions considered to be related to the intravitreous injection should be monitored following the injection to permit early treatment if an infection events without delay. All patients with posterior capsule tear, e.g. those with a procedure rather than the dexamethasone implant). Please refer to Summary of or increased intraocular pressure occurs. Single-use intravitreal implant in applicator posterior lens, and/or those who have an iris defect (e.g. due to iridectomy) with Product Characteristics for full information on side effects. Basic NHS Price: £870 for intravitreal use only. The intravitreal injection procedure should be carried out or without a history of vitrectomy, are at risk of implant migration into the anterior (ex VAT) per pack containing 1 implant. Marketing Authorisation number: under controlled aseptic conditions which include the use of sterile gloves, a sterile chamber. Other than those patients contraindicated where OZURDEX should not EU/1/10/638/001 Marketing Authorisation Holder: Allergan Pharmaceuticals drape, and a sterile eyelid speculum (or equivalent). The patient should be instructed be used, OZURDEX should be used with caution and only following a careful risk Ireland, Castlebar Road, Westport, Co. Mayo, Ireland. Legal Category: POM. Date to self-administer broad spectrum antimicrobial drops daily for 3 days before and benefit assessment. These patients should be closely monitored for any signs of of Preparation: May 2013. after each injection. Before the injection, the periocular skin, eyelid and ocular implant migration. Corticosteroids should be used cautiously in patients with a surface should be disinfected and adequate local anaesthesia should be administered. history of ocular herpes simplex and not be used in active ocular herpes simplex. The Remove the foil pouch from the carton and examine for damage. In a sterile field, safety and efficacy of OZURDEX administered to both eyes concurrently have not Adverse events should be reported. open the foil pouch and gently place the applicator on a sterile tray. Carefully remove been studied and is not recommended. OZURDEX is not recommended in patients Reporting forms and information can be found Who are the 100 most influential people in ophthalmology? the cap from the applicator. Once the foil pouch is opened the applicator should be with macular oedema secondary to RVO with significant retinal ischemia. OZURDEX at www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard. used immediately. Hold the applicator in one hand and pull the safety tab straight should be used with caution in patients taking anti-coagulant or anti-platelet That’s the question we posed to ourselves – and then to you – over off the applicator. Do not twist or flex the tab. With the bevel of the needle up away medicinal products. Interactions: No interaction studies have been performed. Adverse events should also be reported to from the sclera, advance the needle about 1 mm into the sclera then redirect toward Systemic absorption is minimal and no interactions are anticipated. Pregnancy: Allergan Ltd. [email protected] the centre of the eye into the vitreous cavity until the silicone sleeve is against the There are no adequate data from the use of intravitreally administered or 01628 494026. two months ago, ahead of open nominations and a painstaking conjunctiva. Slowly press the actuator button until an audible click is noted. Before dexamethasone in pregnant women. OZURDEX is not recommended during judging process. Here, without further ado, we celebrate the answer. References: 1. Nehme A & Edelman J. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2008;49(5):2030-2038. 2. Pommier S & Meyer F. Realites Ophthlamologuiques 2012; 195. 3. Augustin A. et al. Poster presented at EVER 2012, October 10-13; Nice, France. 4. Querques L. et al. Ophthalmol. 2013;229:21-25. 5. Rostron E. et al. Poster presented at North of England Ophthalmological Society (NEOS) Summer Meeting 2013, June 12; Chester, UK. Date of Preparation: March 2014 UK/0062/2014 18 Feature

(in100-21 alphabetical order)

Richard Abbott David Abramson Anthony Adamis

A former AAO President and David Abramson’s treatments for Anthony Adamis has had two recipient of the AAO Lifetime retinoblastoma have been adopted careers in ophthalmology: as Achievement Award in 2006, worldwide. These include the delivery a clinician and as an industry Richard Abbott specializes in of chemotherapeutics around the executive. One of the discoverers corneal and external diseases. He eye to prevent systemic toxicity of of the role that VEGF plays in currently chairs the AAO Task intravenous medication and the use retinal and leakage, Force for LASIK Quality of Life of high concentration - but low dose Adamis also participated in Outcomes and is the principal - chemotherapy delivered directly the development and launch of investigator of the proposed FDA into the eye via a catheter placed , the first anti-VEGF study researching LASIK in the groin, administered on an agent for use in ophthalmology. patient outcomes. outpatient basis.

Eduardo Alfonso Jorge Alió

Eduardo Alfonso is an A leading authority in the field of internationally known expert on refractive surgery, Jorge Alió is at ocular infectious diseases. In 2006, the forefront of much of research he documented an increase in the in the field. He is the medical incidence of an aggressive form of director of Vissum, Europe’s largest fungal corneal infection that was eye institute and research facility, related to soft contact lens use. His an ESCRS board member and findings drew considerable media founder of an eponymous blindness attention throughout the world and prevention foundation. significantly reduced the number of new infections.

Rand Allingham Tin Aung

Rand Allingham leads a large A clinician-scientist, Tin Aung NIH funded project that has the leads a glaucoma research group goal of identifying specific gene(s) in addition to his managerial responsible for glaucoma. He responsibilities. His research was previously responsible for an interests include angle closure investigation into cerebrospinal glaucoma and the molecular genetics fluid pressure as a glaucoma risk of eye diseases; he is also active in factor and he has an ongoing clinical research, having conducted interest in clinical management of studies on therapeutics, imaging, the disease. screening, clinical course and surgical outcomes of glaucoma. Feature 19

Bill Aylward Peter Barry Roberto Bellucci

Bill Aylward is a senior vitreoretnial Peter Barry has been an ESCRS Roberto Bellucci is the current surgeon who chairs the Informatics board member for more than 25 years, ESCRS President, and has a wealth and Audit Committee of the UK’s holding the position of treasurer, of experience in cataract, implant and Royal College of Ophthalmologists. and most recently, President. Barry refractive surgeries, having performed He is vice president of the Club led the ESCRS Endophthalmitis more than 20,000 procedures. Jules Gonin and was president of Study, which recommended the Bellucci has previously developed ESCRS from 2009-2011. Aylward adoption of intracameral cefuroxime surgical instruments to help with leads the development of the open- following cataract surgery with IOL IOL implantation and performed source, ophthalmology-tailored implantation – something that has important studies of pre-, peri- and OpenEyes electronic patient record saved thousands of eyes from post-procedural antibiotics and management system. potential blindness. topical anesthetics.

Susanne Binder Neil Bressler

Susanne Binder, a expert Neil Bressler’s main research interests whose principal interests are AMD are collaborative efforts in clinical trials and retinal surgery, has published of common retinal diseases, including over 200 original articles and is the age-related and editor of two books. She is considered . He is currently to be one of the great translators of chair of Submacular Surgery Trials, clinical research into clinical practice, DRCR.net, the Data and Safety and her work in stem cells has Monitoring Committee for the NEI’s recently drawn praise. intramural clinical trials and the FDA’s Ophthalmic Devices Panel.

Claude Burgoyne

An optic nerve head imaging legend, Claude Burgoyne currently investigates the effects of aging and experimental glaucoma on the load-bearing connective tissues of the optic nerve head within SD-OCT 3D histormophometric reconstructions. He also aims to model how an individual human optic nerve head will respond to a given level of IOP.

Jean Bennett Emilio Campos Usha Chakravarthy

Jean Bennett’s laboratory focuses on Emilio Campos’ research interests A retinal surgeon by training, the molecular genetics of inherited include strabismus and amblyopia. Usha Chakravarthy has been retinal degeneration, such as retinitis He is a co-author of the definitive involved in many of the major pigmentosa and AMD, with the textbook on strabismus, “Binocular international clinical trials, including objective of developing therapeutic Vision and Ocular Motility: Theory the IVAN, INTREPID, EUREYE, interventions. She used viral vectors and Management of Strabismus.” INDEYE, and V.I.S.I.O.N. studies, to deliver transgenes to specific Campos is former president of the as well as co-authoring Cochrane retinal cells, providing proof-of- Italian Ophthalmological Society, Review articles and guidelines for the principle for ocular gene therapy. and is currently a member of the Royal College of Ophthalmologists’ Her colleague and husband Albert board of directors of the International on the treatment of AMD. Maguire is also on the list. Council of Ophthalmology. 20 Feature

Stanley Chang Emily Chew

Stanley Chang is a specialist in Emily Chew is chair of the vitreoretinal disorders and surgery, AREDS2 study and participates whose techniques are used widely. He in the Actions to Control established perfluoropropane gas to Cardiovascular Risk in prevent scar tissue proliferation on the trial. She is a medical retinal retina and applied perfluorocarbon specialist with extensive experience for flattening retinal detachment, in the design and implementation along with related techniques for of clinical trials across all phases. vitreoretinal surgery. With Avi Her principal research interests Grinblat, he developed a panoramic are diabetic- and age-related viewing system for retinal surgery. eye diseases.

Hannah Faal Napoleone Ferrara Oliver Findl

An eye-care program consultant to Napoleone Ferrara was involved With research interests in the field SightSavers International, Hannah in the isolation and cloning of of optical biometry, PCO and post- Faal is former president of the VEGF and demonstrated its role in surgical visual quality assessment, International Agency of Prevention angiogenesis. His work helped lead Oliver Findl is a prolific author, of Blindness and chaired the IAPB/ to the development of , having published over 200 peer- WHO Task Force for VISION 2020. and the clinical development reviewed articles in international She initiated the national eye care of . Today, his lab journals. He is an editorial board program in The Gambia and has investigates non-VEGF-related member of the Journal of Cataract helped to develop eye care policies angiogenesis mechanisms, which and Refractive Surgery and is the throughout West Africa. may lead to therapies effective in Secretary of the ESCRS. anti-VEGF non-responders.

Allen Foster Paul Foster

Allen Foster’s interests encompass Paul Foster published the first the control of blinding diseases; high-quality reports of glaucoma cost-effectiveness and quality of prevalence and risk factors in East life studies; the implementation of Asia, being the first to identify VISION 2020, and health service the large burden of angle-closure research for children and adults glaucoma cases in China. He also with disabilities. He is co-director pioneered population screening of the International Centre for and preventive laser surgery for Evidence in Disability and co- angle-closure glaucoma, performing director of the International Centre the first randomized trial of the for Eye Health. technique in rural Asia. Feature 21

James Fujimoto Greg Hageman Ted Garway-Heath

James Fujimoto’s primary research Over the past quarter-century, Research by Ted Garway-Heath focus is biomedical imaging Hageman has examined the genetics has provided many new tools. These with OCT and advanced laser and pathways involved in AMD, include the Moorfields Motion technologies. His research team was making major contributions to Displacement Test; The Moorfields responsible for the invention and the understanding of the disease. Regression Analysis, a software development of OCT, and today He has briefed the US Congress program for imaging performance in they push the boundaries of high- on the subject three times, started tomography; and the Garway-Heath speed and high-resolution imaging, two biotechnology companies and Map, used in research to establish the functional Doppler flow and served on numerous national and correlation between visual field and angiography as well as polarization international advisory boards, service optic nerve hypoplasia changes. sensitive methods. panels and review committees.

Evangelos Gragoudas

A world authority on the diagnosis and management of intraocular tumors, Evangelos Gragoudas' pioneered the use of proton beam irradiation therapy in the treatment of ocular melanoma. Along with Joan Miller (qv) and Anthony Adamis, Gragoudas was one of the first to describe the role of VEGF in pathologic retinal .

Top 10 countries: 1 USA 51 2 UK 10 3 Germany 5 4= Austria 3 4= India 3 4= Italy 3 4= Japan 3 4= Singapore 3 4= Switzerland 3 9= Australia 2 9= China 2 9= Greece 2 9= The Netherlands 2

Mapping the locations of the Power List constituents 22 Feature

Roger Hitchings Robert Grant Farhad Hafezi

Roger Hitchings’ interests lie Robert Grant is CEO of Alphaeon, As a post-doc, Farhad Hafezi in optic nerve imaging, visual a “lifestyle healthcare” company, identified a gene that can completely field progression assessment, and has long been a key figure inhibit light-induced retinal damage glaucoma surgery and normal in technology and business in mice. Today his clinical focus is on tension glaucoma. He established development in the pharmaceutical, corneal and refractive laser surgery, the Clinical Trials Unit and the medical device, and healthcare and he is a pioneer of corneal collagen associated Reading Centre at markets. He was previously CEO cross-linking (CXL). Hafezi was Moorfields Hospital, with the latter and President of Bausch+Lomb instrumental in building IROC in being one of the UK’s key centers for Surgical and President of Allergan Zurich, where CXL technology evaluating outcomes in ophthalmic Medical, where he led the $3.2 billion underwent further clinical clinical trials. acquisition of Inamed. development.

Mark S Humayun

Mark Humayun is best known for his work on retinal implants. He participated in the first US clinical trial of the Argus II implant, placing it into the eyes of patients with end-stage retinitis pigmentosa. As a result, Argus II became the first retinal implant in the world to receive regulatory approval.

Martine Jager Paul Kaufman Peng Khaw

A past president of ARVO, Martine Paul Kaufman is a researcher Peng Khaw is a prominent glaucoma Jager’s research interests are in glaucoma, in particular the surgeon, having pioneered numerous immunology and the development mechanisms of aqueous humor techniques and anti-scarring of uveal melanoma and ocular formation and drainage, and regimens. His team’s research led surface disease. Following a PhD age-related loss of near vision. He the introduction of intraoperative in immunology at the University of previously served as President and antimetabolites, and he introduced Leiden, Jager was ophthalmology Executive Vice President of ARVO, the Moorfields Safer Surgery System, resident at the University of and is a former president of the dramatically reducing bleb-related Amsterdam and a clinical fellow at International Society for complications. Khaw was knighted in Miami’s Bascom Palmer Eye Research. the 2013 Queen’s Birthday Honors Eye Institute. list for services to ophthalmology.

Shigeru Kinoshita Dennis Lam Daniel Martin

Shigeru Kinoshita established, along Dennis Lam has research interests Daniel Martin was extensively with Richard Thoft, the concept of that span the entire eye. He has involved in the development of centripetal movement of corneal contributed to studies from the the ganciclovir implant (and later epithelium. This shed new light on the cornea to the retina, and from valganciclovir) for the treatment of importance of the limbal epithelium epidemiological trials to genetic CMV retinitis, leading the clinical and contributed to the development studies. Lam is the founder of trials that resulted in FDA approval of corneal stem cell theory. Kinoshita’s the Project Vision Charitable of both drugs. He also helped lead group recently established systems Foundation, a charity that aims to the CATT trial, which compared to transplant cultivated mucosal try to eliminate cataract blindness bevacizumab with ranibizumab for epithelial stem cells and cultivated in China. the treatment of wet AMD. corneal endothelium. Albert Maguire

A pioneer of retinal gene therapy, Albert Maguire led a trial that inserted the RPE65 gene into the retinal pigment epithelium to treat Leber congenital amaurosis. He is a colleague (and husband) of Jean Bennett (qv). Recognized regularly by “Best Doctors in America”, Maguire is also a noted educator.

Jim Mazzo

Jim Mazzo is chair and CEO of Versant portfolio company AcuFocus, which specializes in corneal inlays, and is Executive Chair at Neurotech Pharmaceuticals, which is pioneering encapsulated cell technology as a drug delivery platform for retinal degenerative diseases. He spent seven years as Chair, President and CEO of Advanced Medical Optics. 24 Feature

Charles McGhee Paul Mitchell Joan Miller

A senior ophthalmic surgeon, A retinal specialist, Paul Mitchell A pioneer of Charles McGhee is also Editor focuses on the management of using , which was the first of the Journal of Clinical and AMD, diabetic and other vascular pharmacotherapy for wet AMD, Experimental Ophthalmology. He retinopathies, and investigations into Joan Miller also helped to define the chairs the RANZCO special interest how the eye is affected by systemic importance of VEGF in intraocular group in cornea, contact lenses, disease. Mitchell received the vascular disease. Today she continues and cataract and refractive surgery 2004 Association of International to investigate the molecular and is one of the most experienced Glaucoma Societies award, and pathophysiology of vision loss and corneal surgeons in New Zealand, in 2007 he became trustee for the to develop improved therapies for having performed over 500 corneal Clinical & Epidemiologic Research retinal disease. transplantation procedures. section of ARVO.

Michael Mrochen Robert Osher Carmen Puliafito David Parke

Michael Mrochen is most recently Robert Osher, a cataract and One of the co-inventors of David Parke, Executive Vice known for his pioneering work on implant surgeon, has designed many OCT, Carmen Puliafito is a President and CEO of AAO, corneal collagen crosslinking, but this contemporary IOLs and surgical pioneer of bevacizumab use has been a prominent and tireless is not his first innovation. Mrochen’s instruments, and has developed in retinal disorders, and was worker for the organization for research with Theo Seiler (qv) led to numerous new surgical techniques. the first to describe the use of many years. His service on the board the development of both wavefront- Many of these have been captured semiconductor diode lasers for began in 2000, first as trustee-at- guided and wavefront-optimized in video, and Osher’s surgical videos retinal photocoagulation. Puliafito large and ultimately as president. LASIK, which has transformed have won over 25 first-prize honors was also one of the original basic Parke, practicing ophthalmologist outcomes, minimized errors and at congresses across the world, science research leaders in excimer with subspecialty focus in retina/ made LASIK a safer and more including three Grand Prizes at laser photoablation and optical vitreous, received the AAO’s Senior predictable procedure. ASCRS and ESCRS. breakdown and photodisruption. Achievement Award in 1998.

Daniel Palanker

With forty patents to his name, Daniel Palanker is a crucial innovator for ophthalmology. His research led to the development of the Pulsed Electron Avalanche Knife, the Pattern Scanning Laser Photocoagulator, the CATALYS precision laser system, and most recently, an OCT-guided femtosecond laser system for cataract surgery.

David Pyott

David Pyott is credited with turning Allergan from a small eyecare business to a leading global specialty pharmaceutical and medical device company. This progress was driven by Pyott principally through significant investment in research and development, increasing the company’s investment from under $100 million in 1998 to more than $1 billion in 2013. Feature 25

Nag Rao Harry Quigley Robert Ritch

Nag Rao founded, the L.V. Prasad A founding member of the American Robert Ritch has devoted his career to Eye Institute, in Hyderabad, India. A Glaucoma Society, former CEO of two things: understanding the etiology global centre of not just excellence in ARVO and former Editor-in-Chief and mechanisms of glaucoma, and eyecare, research and rehabilitation, IOVS, Harry Quigley’s research has innovation in the medical, laser, and but also philanthropy: half of all enabled earlier glaucoma diagnosis surgical treatment of glaucoma. Ritch patients pay nothing. Rao is a past and described the degree of optical has held senior positions in many President of the IAPB and devotes nerve damage that had occurred ophthalmology societies and has much of his time to the IAPB and before glaucoma is typically detected. trained over 130 clinical and research the Vision 2020 initiative. His current research interests include fellows, many of whom occupy gene and stem cell therapies. academic positions worldwide.

Cynthia Roberts

Cynthia Roberts trained as a biomedical engineer and today works as a cross-college bridge between Medicine and Engineering, with appointments in both camps. Roberts’ research interests include corneal and ocular biomechanics in cornea, refractive surgery and glaucoma; in vivo measurement of corneal biomechanics and ophthalmic imaging applications.

Philip Rosenfeld Ursula Schmidt-Erfurth

Philip Rosenfeld, a retina specialist Ursula Schmidt-Erfurth founded the with particular interest in the Vienna Study and Vienna Reading treatment and study of macular Centers, which respectively run clinical degeneration, has been instrumental trials and perform digital image analysis in the clinical evaluations and for such trials. In addition to leading introduction of AMD therapies. one of the largest European academic These include photodynamic institutions in ophthalmology, therapy, as well as the introduction Schmidt-Erfurth has a keen interest into ophthalmology of the in the development of novel diagnostic VEGF-inhibitors, bevacizumab techniques treatment strategies, and ranibizumab. including intravitreal pharmacotherapy.

Seang Mie Saw

The principal investigator of several important epidemiologic studies in Singapore, Mie’s studies have encompassed myopia, strabismus, amblyopia and refractive errors in children. Highlights include elucidating genes and environmental factors involved in myopia and pathologic myopia, a major concern in East Asia. 26 Feature

Sunil Shah Alan Scott Stefan Seregard

Sunil Shah, a cornea and cataract Alan Scott was first to apply tiny Stefan Seregard has devoted consultant, is an advisor to the doses of botulinum toxin type A toxin the bulk of his research career to UK National Institute for Health to treat ‘crossed eyes’ (strabismus) examining how eye melanomas arise and Care Excellence where he and ‘uncontrollable blinking’ and spread in the body. Currently, he represents the Royal College of (blepharospasm), confirming his is trying to identify new therapeutic Ophthalmologists. However, he is idea that weakening the muscles avenues for ocular melanoma, and to most well-known as the inventor that pull crossed eyes inward would more clearly define the impact that of laser epithelial keratomileusis be an effective treatment. Allergan current therapeutic interventions (LASEK) in 1996, and continues to bought the rights to the drug and have on patients’ quality of life. be an active cornea researcher today. received FDA approval in 1989; it was renamed Botox.

Carol Shields

Carol Shields is an ocular oncologist. The oncology service that she runs with her husband Jerry and their associates manages 500 patients with uveal melanoma, 120 with retinoblastoma and numerous other intraocular, orbital and adnexal tumors, every year. In 2011 Shields was the recipient of the AAO’s Life Achievement Honor Award.

Kuldev Singh Paul Sieving

Kuldev Singh’s research interests Paul Sieving was the founder of the include glaucoma and cataract surgical Center for Retinal and Macular trials, epidemiology, genetics and Degenerations at the University Countries where most health care delivery in underserved of Michigan, and spent almost communities. His clinical practice sixteen years in Ann Arbor, before votes were cast focuses on medical, laser and surgical moving to Bethesda, MD, to become management of glaucoma and the Director of the National Eye cataract. Singh is president of the Institute, a position that he 1 Germany American Glaucoma Society and an holds today. advisor to the International Society of 2 Australia Glaucoma Surgery. 3 USA 4 China 5 Brazil 6 Italy 7 Nigeria 8 India 9= Japan 9= UK Feature 27

Alfred Sommer George Spaeth Robert Stamper Boris Stanzel

Alfred (Al) Sommer is responsible for George Spaeth discovered the Robert Stamper specializes in Boris Stanzel works on stem cell vitamin A supplementation, one of the disease homocystinuria and glaucoma and cataract surgery. replacement for frequent age-related most cost-effective health interventions. published much of the early work on His research interests include early blindness. With his collaborators, He demonstrated that vitamin A the condition, including the use of methods for the diagnosis of glaucoma Stanzel transplanted stem-cell- deficiency was far more common than pyridoxine as successful treatment. and the evaluation of new surgical derived retinal pigment epithelium previously recognized, and that even His surgical text is used in many procedures for glaucoma. He has into the subretinal space of rabbits, mild vitamin A deficiency dramatically countries and a fourth edition is published analyses of glaucoma a first in a large-eyed animal model. increases childhood mortality rates. currently being prepared. He was a eyedrops, implants and surgical The transplants remained intact at Dosing with vitamin A reduced child founding member and first president procedures. Stamper received an four weeks, suggesting that many of mortality and cut the incidence of of the American Glaucoma Society. AAO Lifetime Achievement Award the roadblocks to RPE monolayer measles-associated pediatric blindness. in 2008. transplantation have been overcome.

Giovanni Staurenghi Marie-José Tassignon

Giovanni Staurenghi’s principal With four patents that have interests are ocular imaging and been implemented in clinical the application of lasers to macular practice, Marie-José Tassignon is disease. His work extends to clinical a keen proponent of the need for trials and he is currently involved ophthalmologists to understand in more than 25 of them. A prolific physiology and the physics of optics. author on both eye anatomy and Tassignon developed the innovative disease, Staurenghi is a fellow of bag-in-the-lens implantation ARVO, AAO and EURETINA. technique that avoids PCO, the main complication of the traditional lens- in-the-bag implantation technique.

Paul Sternberg Bradley Straatsma

Paul Sternberg is a retinal specialist, Bradley Straatsma is widely acclaimed having been at the forefront of many as a pioneer in the study of peripheral advances in surgical techniques. retinal disease, investigations of He maintains an active academic tumors and research on ophthalmic and research program, studying the conditions such as diabetic pathogenesis of age-related macular retinopathy and cataract. Straatsma degeneration, and has played key was the last president of the American roles in many ophthalmology Academy of Ophthalmology and societies: in 2013, he served as the Otolaryngology, and led the formation President of the AAO. of the AAO.

Hugh Taylor Mark Tso Kazuo Tsubota

Hugh Taylor has a long and Mark Tso’s career has been built Kazuo Tsubota’s investigation and distinguished career in research on research in experimental and research interests include corneal into the causes and prevention of human ophthalmic pathology. regeneration, development of blindness in both developed and His studies on the benign form novel treatment modalities for developing countries, and has of retinoblastoma (fleurettes Sjögren’s syndrome and severe dry published extensively. His current in retinoma), pathology and eye. He also focuses on treating work focuses on Aboriginal eye pathogenesis of papilledema, macula age-related eye diseases such as health and the elimination of edema, retinal photic injury and macular degeneration, cataract and trachoma. Taylor is the Treasurer of photoreceptor degeneration have presbyopia. He has particular success the ICO and Vice President of been described as “innovative, treating near- and farsightedness as the IAPB. creative and original”. well as astigmatism. 28 Feature

George Waring III Ningli Wang Robert Weinreb Tetsuya Yamamoto

In the 1970s, George Waring While serving as director and the As a clinician, surgeon and scientist, Tetsuya Yamamoto has been established northern California’s vice president of one of the two Robert Weinreb maintains diverse part of many great advances in first eye bank. He subsequently largest eye centers in China, Ningli medical and research interests. knowledge in the field of glaucoma. moved to Emory University, Wang is also devoted to ophthalmic He is also a prolific educator; From population analyses of bleb where he is Clinical Professor of practice, teaching, training, many of his (more than 100) dysfunction, identification of genes Ophthalmology and, since 2003, blindness prevention and academic postdoctoral fellows in glaucoma associated with glaucoma, imaging he has practiced privately at the research. His contributions include have gone on to hold department studies and the use of antifibrosis InView Center, Atlanta. Waring the trans-lamina cribrosa chairs and other distinguished agents in glaucoma surgery, his has performed more than pressure difference theory of open- academic positions in the United contributions have significantly 10,000 LASIK and other angle glaucoma. States and throughout the world. advanced the field. refractive procedures.

Lawrence Yannuzzi

Lawrence Yannuzzi is a pioneer in angiography. He and his colleagues are credited with describing – and naming – idiopathic polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, a type of hemorrhagic maculopathy. Yannuzzi has published more than 300 scientific papers and 11 textbooks, focused on diseases of the macula such as diabetic retinopathy and age- related macular degeneration.

Xiulan Zhang Gerhard Zinser Xiulan Zhang has a prolific publication record in glaucoma, The co-founder and a Managing having performed imaging studies Director of Heidelberg Engineering, that have furthered the understanding Gerhard Zinser has contributed of anatomical dysfunction in the to many key advances in imaging glaucomatous eye, and what surgical technology, including confocal interventions can do to improve microscopy, scanning lasers and matters. Zhang works at the optics, OCT and software image Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, analysis. The resulting diagnostic which was voted China’s most popular instruments have changed clinical eye hospital for five consecutive years. practice for retinal disease, glaucoma and corneal pathologies.

Eberhart Zrenner

A graduate in electronic engineering as well as in medicine, Eberhart Zrenner’s career has merged his clinical and research interests. He founded the Institute for Ophthalmic Research where he runs a special clinic for patients with hereditary retinal degenerations. His research pursuits include retinal physiology and pathophysiology, ophthalmogenetics and retinal implants. Feature 29

The Top 20

20 Harminder Dua 19 Claes Dohlman 18 Robert Nussenblatt

An active clinician, teacher and Once referred to as “father of Robert Nussenblatt is an ocular prolific researcher, Harminder modern corneal science”, Swedish- immunologist. His primary research Dua’s most recent contribution born ophthalmologist Claes interests are uveitis and the role of to the science of ophthalmology Dohlman has spent the majority inflammation in causing AMD. He was the discovery of a new corneal of his career in Boston, becoming also investigates new therapeutic layer in 2013. He serves as editor- Chief of Ophthalmology the approaches to treating human in-chief of the British Journal of Massachusetts Eye and Ear disease, including oral tolerance Ophthalmology, is past president Infirmary in 1974. He developed the and the use of natural products, of EuCornea and is immediate past Boston keratoprosthesis, an effective and studies the role epigenetics president of the Royal College (and revolutionary) treatment plays in the development or non- of Ophthalmologists. option for severe corneal diseases. development of disease.

17 John Marshall 14 Bruce Spivey

John Marshall’s research covers Bruce Spivey is one of the great a wide range of ocular disorders educators in ophthalmology, and his research has covered the spending much of his career trying development of lasers for use in to improve how ophthalmology is ophthalmic diagnosis and surgery, taught and assessed. The current and it’s this that he is most famous President of the International Council for: he invented and patented the of Ophthalmology (and a former excimer laser and also created the AAO CEO), Spivey is the author first diode laser that was used for of over 130 scientific education and treating eye problems. management articles.

16 Gerd Auffarth 15 Frank Holz

Gerd Auffarth is director of the Frank Holz is an AMD researcher David J. Apple Laboratory. This whose focus is on the pathogenesis international lab, which is devoted to and therapy of AMD as well as on research on intraocular ophthalmic retinal imaging methodologies and devices, recently relocated to phenotyping. In addition, Holz Heidelberg from South Carolina. has lead numerous ranibizumab Auffarth’s research interests include clinical trials. He is Editor-in- cataract surgery; intraocular lenses; Chief of the journal of the German implants; viscoelastic, refractive laser Ophthalmological Society (DOG), technology and surgery, diagnostic Der Ophthalmologe, and a past tools, and the cornea. president of DOG. 30 Feature

13 Dan Albert 12 Rudy Nuijts 11 Renato Ambrósio

Daniel Albert is a prominent Rudy Nuijts identified the etiology A major contributor to the researcher in ocular melanoma of toxic endothelial cell destruction introduction of corneal imaging and retinoblastoma, notably on after cataract surgery (Toxic Anterior technology, Renato Ambrósio mechanisms of tumor growth and Segment Syndrome). His current also holds multiple academic inhibition. He is also a co-author research interests include innovations appointments. His work has helped and currently senior editor of Albert in corneal, cataract and refractive establish the true nature of corneal & Jakobiec’s Principles & Practice surgery, particularly the use of pathologies, from keratoconus to of Ophthalmology, a widely-used femtosecond lasers and transcleral post-LASIK dry eye, and he is a textbook. Albert previously spent 20 drug delivery. He is treasurer of strong proponent of pre-surgical years as Editor-in-Chief of Archives ESCRS, and serves on the Corneal anterior segment OCT to drive of Ophthalmology. and Educational Committees. better outcomes.

10 John Kanellopoulos 9 David Huang 8 Abhay Vasavada

A CXL expert, John Kanellopoulos Co-inventor of optical coherence A cataract/refractive surgeon and developed the Athens protocol tomography and first author of the Fellow of the Royal College of for keratoconus and ectasia, which seminal article on the topic, which Surgeons, Abhay Vasadva has great combines laser normalization of the has been cited more than 3,300 times, expertise in the successful resolution irregular cornea with cross-linking. He David Huang received the AAO’s of complicated cataract and pediatric also introduced higher fluency cross- Achievement Award in 2004. His cases. This knowledge is in great linking and prophylactic cross-linking research on refractive surgery, laser demand: Vasadva is a renowned with LASIK, a precursor to LASIK and imaging technologies combines educator and is regularly asked to Xtra, and demonstrated how CXL an understanding of laser surgery share his experiences by performing helps in infectious keratitis, corneal from both clinical and an engineering live surgery. melts and pseudophakic keratopathy. perspective.

7 Ike Ahmed 5 David Chang

Ike Ahmed is an eye surgeon who A past president of ASCRS has developed many novel treatments and current chair of the AAO and methods for glaucoma, cataract, Cataract Preferred Practice Pattern and lens implant surgery. He has Committee, David Chang is the performed pioneering work in cataract/refractive surgeon who glaucoma surgery, developing wrote what many consider to be the microinvasive glaucoma surgery, definitive textbook on the subject. MIGS (and coining the term), Chang was the first in the US to which ushered a new generation of implant a light-adjustable IOL and surgical approaches and devices the first to implant the Synchrony into ophthalmology. accommodating IOL.

6 Ioannis Pallikaris

Ioannis Pallikaris was the first to perform the LASIK procedure on a human eye. He went on to develop Epi-LASIK, and has a current research interest in corneal inlays. He is also an enthusiastic educator who has over 30 years of teaching experience in both Greece and Switzerland at undergraduate and post-graduate levels. Feature 31

4 Richard Lindstrom 3 Donald Tan 2 Amar Agarwal

Richard Lindstrom holds more than Donald Tan’s many contributions Amar Agarwal is a pioneer of thirty patents in ophthalmology, include new forms of selective lamellar microincisional cataract surgery. He having developed a number of keratoplasty, femtosecond corneal and was first to remove through solutions, intraocular lenses and refractive surgery, the Osteo-Odonto a 0.7 mm tip; first to develop no- instruments. He serves in the Board Keratoprosthesis, surgical devices anesthesia cataract surgery; first of Directors of several companies for lamellar corneal transplantation, to implant a glued IOL, and first that operate within ophthalmology, and multiple interventional myopia to use Trypan blue as epiretinal is a past president of ASCRS and clinical trials. The founder of the Asia membrane stain. Most recently, he ISRS, and a member of the ASCRS Cornea society, Tan also holds twelve and Harminder Dua (qv) have Executive Committee. patents that range from stem cell pioneered Pre-Descemet’s culture technology to novel inserters Endothelial Keratoplasty. for DSAEK surgery.

1

Theo Seiler

Theo Seiler’s doctorates in physics and medicine enabled him to become a pioneer of refractive surgery. Among his achievements are the development of the first clinical dye laser and the invention of corneal crosslinking (CXL); he also performed the first ever PTK, PRK and wavefront-laser guided surgical techniques on the human eye, and was also the first to combine LASIK and rapid CXL. Seiler founded the renowned Institute for Refractive and Ophthalmic Surgery (IROC) in 2002.