Newsletter of the Chihuahuan Desert Network November 2019
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North American Deserts Chihuahuan - Great Basin Desert - Sonoran – Mojave
North American Deserts Chihuahuan - Great Basin Desert - Sonoran – Mojave http://www.desertusa.com/desert.html In most modern classifications, the deserts of the United States and northern Mexico are grouped into four distinct categories. These distinctions are made on the basis of floristic composition and distribution -- the species of plants growing in a particular desert region. Plant communities, in turn, are determined by the geologic history of a region, the soil and mineral conditions, the elevation and the patterns of precipitation. Three of these deserts -- the Chihuahuan, the Sonoran and the Mojave -- are called "hot deserts," because of their high temperatures during the long summer and because the evolutionary affinities of their plant life are largely with the subtropical plant communities to the south. The Great Basin Desert is called a "cold desert" because it is generally cooler and its dominant plant life is not subtropical in origin. Chihuahuan Desert: A small area of southeastern New Mexico and extreme western Texas, extending south into a vast area of Mexico. Great Basin Desert: The northern three-quarters of Nevada, western and southern Utah, to the southern third of Idaho and the southeastern corner of Oregon. According to some, it also includes small portions of western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming. Bordered on the south by the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts. Mojave Desert: A portion of southern Nevada, extreme southwestern Utah and of eastern California, north of the Sonoran Desert. Sonoran Desert: A relatively small region of extreme south-central California and most of the southern half of Arizona, east to almost the New Mexico line. -
Big Bend U.S
National Park Service Big Bend U.S. Department of the Interior Big Bend National Park 2006 Fact Sheet View of Elephant Tusk peak from the South Rim Dean Straw Big Bend National Park was authorized by Congress in 1935 to preserve and protect a representative area of the Chihuahuan Desert along the Rio Grande for the benefi t and enjoyment of present and future generations. The park includes rich biological and geological diversity, cultural history, recreational resources, and outstanding opportunities for bi-national protection of our shared natural and cultural heritage. Overview Park Purpose Park Signifi cance Big Bend National Park’s purpose is threefold: The park is signifi cant because it contains • Preserve and protect all natural and national the most representative example of the register-eligible cultural resources and values. Chihuahuan Desert ecosystem in the United • Provide educational opportunities to foster States. The park’s river, desert, and mountain understanding and appreciation of the natural and environments support an extraordinary richness human history of the region. of biological diversity, including endemic • Provide recreational opportunities for diverse plants and animals, and provide unparalleled groups that are compatible with the protection and recreation opportunities. The geologic features appreciation of park resources. and Cretaceous and Tertiary fossils in Big Bend National Park furnish opportunities to Establishment study the sedimentary and igneous processes. Established as Texas Canyons State Park in May 1933; Archeological and historic resources provide name changed to Big Bend State Park, October 1933; examples of cultural interaction in the Big Bend authorized by Congress as a National Park in 1935; Region and varied ways humans adapted to the established as a National Park in 1944. -
IVO GARCÍA GUTIÉRREZ Curriculum Vitae
IVO GARCÍA GUTIÉRREZ Curriculum Vitae Es Doctor en Geografía por la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Maestro en Ciencias por la Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, e Ingeniero Agrónomo Forestal por la Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro. Entre 1997 y 2014 laboró como manejador de áreas naturales protegidas federales en la Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas (CONANP): colaboró en el Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna Maderas del Carmen, Coahuila, como técnico operativo y jefe de departamento; en la Reserva de la Biosfera Mapimí, Durango, como subdirector de área; director del Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna Cuatro Ciénegas, Coahuila, así como director en el Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna Meseta de Cacaxtla, y de la Región Prioritaria para la Conservación Marismas Nacionales, en Sinaloa. Además, dentro de la CONANP, colaboró como especialista regional para el manejo turístico en áreas naturales protegidas. Fue facilitador de talleres de planeación estratégica en las Regiones Noreste y Sierra Madre Oriental y Norte y Sierra Madre Occidental. Formó parte del grupo de facilitadores en la elaboración de la “Estrategia CONANP 2020-2040”. Ha facilitado e impartido talleres de organización y planeación comunitaria participativa, interpretación ambiental, liderazgo, trabajo en equipo, y educación para la conservación, dirigidos a personas de comunidades rurales y personal que maneja áreas naturales protegidas. Ha dirigido y colaborado en proyectos turísticos comunitarios en áreas naturales protegidas federales, estatales y municipales. Participó en el curso de Liderazgo en Kayak de Mar que ofrece la National Outdoor Leadership School (NOLS), y está certificado como instructor del programa de campismo de bajo impacto No deje Rastro (NDR). -
Desert-2.Pdf
Desert Contens Top Ten Facts PG 1 front cover 1 All Deserts are all different but they all have low amounts of rain PG 2 contens 2 Deserts normally have less than 40 CM a year 3 The Sahara desert is in Northern Africa and is over 12 different countries PG 3 top ten facts 4 Sahara desert is the largest desert in the Earth PG 4 whether and climate 5 Only around 20% of the Deserts on Earth are covered in sand 6 Around one third of the Earth's surface is covered in Desert PG 5 desert map 7 The largest cold Desert on Earth is Antarctica PG 6 animals and people that live there 8 Located in South America, the Atacama Desert is the driest place in the world PG 7 what grows there 9 Lots of animals live in Deserts such as the wild dog 10 The Arabian Desert in the Middle East is the second largest hot desert on Earth but is substantially smaller than the Sahara. This is a list of the deserts in Wether And Climate the world Arabian Desert. ... Kalahari Desert. ... Wether Mojave Desert. ... Sonoran Desert. ... Chihuahuan Desert. ... This is a map showing Deserts are usually very, very dry. Even the wettest deserts get less than ten Thar Desert. ... the deserts in the world inches of precipitation a year. In most places, rain falls steadily throughout the Gibson Desert. year. But in the desert, there may be only a few periods of rains per year with a lot of time between rains. -
BIRDS of the TRANS-PECOS a Field Checklist
TEXAS PARKS AND WILDLIFE BIRDS of the TRANS-PECOS a field checklist Black-throated Sparrow by Kelly B. Bryan Birds of the Trans-Pecos: a field checklist the chihuahuan desert Traditionally thought of as a treeless desert wasteland, a land of nothing more than cacti, tumbleweeds, jackrabbits and rattlesnakes – West Texas is far from it. The Chihuahuan Desert region of the state, better known as the Trans-Pecos of Texas (Fig. 1), is arguably the most diverse region in Texas. A variety of habitats ranging from, but not limited to, sanddunes, desert-scrub, arid canyons, oak-juniper woodlands, lush riparian woodlands, plateau grasslands, cienegas (desert springs), pinyon-juniper woodlands, pine-oak woodlands and montane evergreen forests contribute to a diverse and complex avifauna. As much as any other factor, elevation influences and dictates habitat and thus, bird occurrence. Elevations range from the highest point in Texas at 8,749 ft. (Guadalupe Peak) to under 1,000 ft. (below Del Rio). Amazingly, 106 peaks in the region are over 7,000 ft. in elevation; 20 are over 8,000 ft. high. These montane islands contain some of the most unique components of Texas’ avifauna. As a rule, human population in the region is relatively low and habitat quality remains good to excellent; habitat types that have been altered the most in modern times include riparian corridors and cienegas. Figure 1: Coverage area is indicated by the shaded area. This checklist covers all of the area west of the Pecos River and a corridor to the east of the Pecos River that contains areas of Chihuahuan Desert habitat types. -
Maderas Del Carmen
PROGRAMA DE MANEJO MADERAS DEL CARMEN I. PRESENTACIÓN El 7 de noviembre de 1994, se publicó en el Diario Oficial de la Federación el decreto mediante el cual se establece el Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna Maderas del Carmen. En dicho decreto se justifica la creación de una nueva área natural protegida de 208,381 ha. de superficie, como una estrategia para conservar los valores naturales de un sitio en el que actualmente existen organismos de gran importancia biológica y también porque estas montañas forman parte de un corredor natural a través del cual se desplazan numerosas especies de animales y se dispersan diversas especies de plantas. La creación de esta nueva área protegida, es la respuesta a la demanda de investigadores, manejadores de áreas protegidas, políticos y organizaciones no gubernamentales, que durante 60 años han alentado la idea de proteger estas sierras: tanto por su valor intrínseco, como por la posibilidad de que, junto con el Parque Nacional Big Bend, el Área de Manejo de Black Gap, y el Parque Estatal Big Bend Ranch, en Texas, y ahora con el Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna Cañón de Santa Elena, en Chihuahua, sean en conjunto una de las superficies protegidas más extensas entre los dos países. De esta forma, los recursos más representativos del Desierto Chihuahuense quedarían prácticamente asegurados. Las intenciones de proteger este lugar se inician en 1935 y, aunque no se presentan de una forma constante durante todo ese tiempo, se manifiestan repetidamente hasta alcanzar su propósito en 1994. La región más estudiada en esa área por nacionales y extranjeros, es Maderas del Carmen, debido a las características que como "Isla del Cielo" tiene, y posteriormente, al reconocimiento de su valor como centro de dispersión y refugio para muchas especies. -
The Chihuahuan Desert: Diversity at Risk
The Chihuahuan Desert: by Cathryn A. Hoyt Diversity at Risk block mountains Spanish ranchers and, later, American separated by down- settlers were drawn to the Chihuahuan faulted basins. Typically, Desert region by the lush grasslands and the basins are internally potential for grazing. Once, grasses in drained, resulting in the the Big Bend region of Texas were said formation of saline to have been tall enough to brush the ephemeral lakes known bellies of horses. Ranchers believed that as playas. Dune fields, the supply of grass to feed livestock was composed of quartz or unlimited. By the mid-19th century, the gypsum sand, are stocking of desert grassland ranges with common throughout the cattle, sheep, and goats was progressing desert, while volcanic at a phenomenal rate. In 1900, the desert Photo by Michael Bender features add additional grasslands of west Texas supported over The Chihuahuan Desert is a land of complexity to the landscape. 9 million herd animals, up from 500,000 superlatives. Covering nearly 250,000 The varied geology of the head in 1830. The ranges of the south- square miles (647,500 square kilome Chihuahuan Desert supports a mosaic of west were soon stocked to capacity with ters), it is the largest of the North vegetation communities, ranging from no overflow ranges in case of drought. American deserts. Jutting mountains and desert shrubs such as creosote (Larrea What ranchers could not know is that low basins form a range of habitats tridentata) and tarbush (Flourencia the luxuriant grasslands of the 19th suitable for a broad spectrum of terres cernia) at lower elevations to conifer century were the expression of a cooler, trial and freshwater species. -
Ovis Canadensis Mexicana) in SOUTHERN NEW MEXICO
52nd Meeting of the Desert Bighorn Council Las Cruces, New Mexico April 17–20, 2013 Organized by Desert Bighorn Council New Mexico Department of Game and Fish United States Army , White Sands Missile Range 1 Cover: Puma/bighorn petroglyph, photo by Casey Anderson. 52nd Meeting of the Desert Bighorn Council is published by the Desert Bighorn Council in cooperation with the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish and the United States Army - White Sands Missile Range. © 2013. All rights reserved. 2 | Desert Bighorn Council Contents List of Organizers and Sponsors 4 Desert Bighorn Council Officers 5 Session Schedules 6–10 Presentation Abstracts 11–33 52nd Meeting | 3 52nd Meeting of the Desert Bighorn Council Organizers Sponsors 4 | Desert Bighorn Council Desert Bighorn Council Officers 2013 Meeting Co-Chairs Eric Rominger New Mexico Department of Game and Fish Patrick Morrow U S Army, White Sands Missile Range Arrangements Elise Goldstein New Mexico Department of Game and Fish Technical Staff Ray Lee Ray Lee, LLC Mara Weisenberger U S Fish and Wildlife Service Elise Goldstein New Mexico Department of Game and Fish Brian Wakeling Arizona Game and Fish Department Ben Gonzales California Department of Fish and Wildlife Clay Brewer Texas Parks and Wildlife Department Mark Jorgensen Anza-Borrego Desert State Park (retired) Secretary Esther Rubin Arizona Game and Fish Department Treasurer Kathy Longshore U S Geological Survey Transactions Editor Brian Wakeling Arizona Game and Fish Department 52nd Meeting | 5 Schedule: Wednesday, April 17, 2013 3:00–8:00 p.m. Registration 6:00–8:00 p.m. Social Schedule: Thursday, April 18, 2013 MORNING SESSION 7:00–8:0 a.m. -
Y5 Desert Biome
Y5 Knowledge Organiser Geography: Desert Biome Desert Biome Sahara Desert Jellyfish Key Vocab displaying Desert biomes are dry areas that receive very little The largest hot desert in the world is A description of the average bioluminescence Climate rain. the Sahara. Only the Antartica and weather conditions in a certain Arctic deserts, which are cold deserts, place Deserts can be hot or cold. are bigger than the Sahara. An imaginary circle around the Most hot deserts are found near the equator. The Sahara desert is located in North Africa Equator middle of the Earth The Sahara is the hottest large area on Earth. Irrigation The artificial supply of water to How Some Species Adapt to Around 2.5 million people inhabit the Sahara. Most agricultural land Survive in the Sahara Desert people in the desert are nomads or people who move place to place, but they raise sheep, goats, and Biome Areas of our planet with similar Animals find clever ways to adapt in the Sahara camels. They move in their tents when the grass is climates, landscapes, animals desert. Some are nocturnal, only coming out at eaten in a place. They usually settle in or near an and plants. night when it’s cool and others can go days oasis. Some people raise crops on irrigated land. without drinking. Desert Dry areas that receive very little rain Camels have two rows of eyelashes to protect their eyes from the dust; they have fat in their Species A group of animals, plants or hump so they can go days without food and they other living things that all share can even close their nostrils to stop them inhaling common characteristics. -
Chemosynthetic and Photosynthetic Bacteria Contribute Differentially to Primary Production Across a Steep Desert Aridity Gradient
The ISME Journal https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-021-01001-0 ARTICLE Chemosynthetic and photosynthetic bacteria contribute differentially to primary production across a steep desert aridity gradient 1,2 3,4 5 6 2 Sean K. Bay ● David W. Waite ● Xiyang Dong ● Osnat Gillor ● Steven L. Chown ● 3 1,2 Philip Hugenholtz ● Chris Greening Received: 23 November 2020 / Revised: 16 April 2021 / Accepted: 28 April 2021 © The Author(s) 2021. This article is published with open access Abstract Desert soils harbour diverse communities of aerobic bacteria despite lacking substantial organic carbon inputs from vegetation. A major question is therefore how these communities maintain their biodiversity and biomass in these resource-limiting ecosystems. Here, we investigated desert topsoils and biological soil crusts collected along an aridity gradient traversing four climatic regions (sub-humid, semi-arid, arid, and hyper-arid). Metagenomic analysis indicated these communities vary in their capacity to use sunlight, organic compounds, and inorganic compounds as energy sources. Thermoleophilia, Actinobacteria, and Acidimicrobiia 1234567890();,: 1234567890();,: were the most abundant and prevalent bacterial classes across the aridity gradient in both topsoils and biocrusts. Contrary to the classical view that these taxa are obligate organoheterotrophs, genome-resolved analysis suggested they are metabolically flexible, withthecapacitytoalsouseatmosphericH2 to support aerobic respiration and often carbon fixation. In contrast, Cyanobacteria were patchily distributed and only abundant in certain biocrusts. Activity measurements profiled how aerobic H2 oxidation, chemosynthetic CO2 fixation, and photosynthesis varied with aridity. Cell-specific rates of atmospheric H2 consumption increased 143-fold along the aridity gradient, correlating with increased abundance of high-affinity hydrogenases. Photosynthetic and chemosynthetic primary production co-occurred throughout the gradient, with photosynthesis dominant in biocrusts and chemosynthesis dominant in arid and hyper-arid soils. -
Climate Change in Grasslands, Shrublands
Chapter 1 Modeling and Predicting Vegetation Response of Western USA Grasslands, Shrublands, and Deserts to Climate Change Megan M. Friggens1, Marcus V. Warwell2, Jeanne C. Chambers3, and Stanley G. Kitchen4 1 U.S. Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station; Grassland, Shrubland, and Desert Ecosystems Program; Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Albuquerque, New Mexico 2 U.S. Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station; Forest and Woodland Ecosystems Program; Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Moscow, Idaho 3 U.S. Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station; Grassland, Shrubland, and Desert Ecosystems Program; Great Basin Ecology Laboratory, Reno, Nevada 4 U.S. Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station; Grassland, Shrubland, and Desert Ecosystems Program; Shrub Sciences Laboratory, Provo, Utah Executive Summary Experimental research and species distribution modeling predict large changes in the distributions of species and vegetation types in the Interior West due to climate change. Species’ responses will depend not only on their physiological tolerances but also on their phenology, establishment properties, biotic interactions, and capacity to evolve and migrate. Because individual species respond to climate variation and change independently and differently, plant assemblages with no modern analogs can be expected in areas where novel climate conditions develop. The capacity to accu- rately predict how species distributions and plant assemblages will change under future warming is essential for developing effective strategies for maintaining and restoring sustainable ecosystems. The rate of predicted change in climate is unprecedented relative to the three cen- turies prior to industrialization. A conservative forecast for western North America (using 21 global climate models for the A1B scenario) is a linear change in mean temperatures and precipitation ranging from +2.1 °C to +5.7 °C and -3% to +14%, respectively, over the rest of the century. -
Programa De Adaptación Al Cambio Climático Del Complejo Cuenca Del Río Grande Programa De Adaptación Al Cambio Climático Complejo Cuenca Del Río Grande
PROGRAMA DE ADAPTACIÓN AL CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO DEL COMPLEJO CUENCA DEL RÍO GRANDE PROGRAMA DE ADAPTACIÓN AL CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO COMPLEJO CUENCA DEL RÍO GRANDE Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna Cañón de Santa Elena > Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna Maderas del Carmen > Área de Protección de Recursos Naturales Cuenca Alimentadora del Distrito Nacional de Riego 004 > Don Martín en lo respectivo a las subcuencas de los Ríos Sabinas, Álamo, Salado y Mimbres > Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna Ocampo > Monumento Natural Río Bravo del Norte Programa de Adaptación al Cambio Climático Agradecimientos del Complejo Cuenca del Río Grande Este Programa de Adaptación fue elaborado a través del Primera Edición, 2014 Proyecto de Desarrollo de Capacidades para la Adaptación al Cambio Climático en la Región Noreste y Sierra Madre D.R. 2014 Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas Oriental, ejecutado por la Comisión Nacional de Áreas Na- (CONANP) turales Protegidas (CONANP) en coordinación con el Fon- Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales do Mexicano para la Conservación de la Naturaleza A.C. Camino al Ajusco 200, Col. Jardines en la Montaña (FMCN) y con financiamiento de la agencia Parks Canada. C.P. 14210. Delegación Tlalpan. México, D.F. www.conanp.gob.mx Por su apoyo y asesoría a Julio Carrera Treviño, Director Encargado del Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna Made- Fondo Mexicano para la Conservación de la Naturaleza A.C. ras del Carmen y Ocampo, Angel Frías, Director del Área Damas 49, Col. San José Insurgentes de Protección de Flora y Fauna Cañón de Santa Elena, José C.P.