2020 Air Quality Annual Status Report (ASR)

West Suffolk Council

In fulfilment of Part IV of the Environment Act 1995 Local Air Quality Management

September 2020

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 West Suffolk Council

Local authority officer Matthew Axton Department Environment and Energy Team, Planning and Regulatory Services Address West Suffolk House Western Way Bury St Edmunds Suffolk IP33 3YU Telephone 01284 757400 Email [email protected] Report reference number ASR 2020 Date September 2020

Signed off by Position Councillor Andy Drummond Portfolio Holder for Regulatory David Collinson Assistant Director, Planning and Regulatory Services, West Suffolk Council Fiona Quinn Service Manager, Environmental Health, West Suffolk Council

NOTE: This report is based on air pollution data in 2019 and reflects the activities up to the end of March 2020. It does not include any information or discussion on air quality relating to the COVID-19 lockdown; this will be reported in next year’s Annual Status Report.

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 West Suffolk Council Executive Summary: Air quality in our area

Air quality in West Suffolk

Air pollution is associated with a number of adverse health impacts. It is recognised as a contributing factor in the onset of heart disease and cancer. Additionally, air pollution particularly affects the most vulnerable in society: children and older people, and those with heart and lung conditions. There is also often a strong correlation with equalities issues, because areas with poor air quality are also often the less affluent areas1,2.

The annual health cost to society of the impacts of particulate matter alone in the UK is estimated to be around £16 billion3.

West Suffolk Council was newly formed on the 1 April 2019 and covers the administrative area formally covered by Forest Heath District Council (FHDC) and St Edmundsbury Borough Council (SEBC). It should be noted that the first three months of data collection referred to in this report (January, February and March 2019) were collected when the two former councils were in operation.

West Suffolk is a mix of market towns (Brandon, Bury St Edmunds, Haverhill, Mildenhall and Newmarket) and more rural village communities. The regionally important strategic road links of the A11 and A14 also cross the area.

The main source of pollution in the area is road traffic, which is generally worst in the market towns. We monitor for the pollutant nitrogen dioxide, which is considered the main pollutant of concern for road vehicles and is particularly linked to heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) and other diesels vehicles. Consequently, the majority of our monitoring is adjacent to busy roads within our market towns, with the main exception to this being the village of Great Barton where significant monitoring is also undertaken adjacent to the A143. Monitoring is undertaken using diffusion tubes, which are small plastic test tubes that contain a material that reacts with the air. Diffusion tubes passively monitor the air for approximately a month before being sent to a laboratory for analysis.

Other pollutants, such as particulates, sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide, have been considered and assessed historically and confirmed as not being at risk of exceeding their respective air quality objectives.

Air quality in West Suffolk is generally good and continuing to show long term improvement at monitored locations throughout the area. There are three air quality management areas (AQMAs) within West Suffolk, located on the A143 in Great Barton, Sicklesmere Road in Bury St Edmunds and on Old Station Road in Newmarket. However, the importance of continuing to improve the local air quality is at a higher profile than ever before.

Each of the five market towns, as well as the village of Great Barton, have their own unique air quality issues, which are summarised below:

1 Environmental equity, air quality, socioeconomic status and respiratory health, 2010 2 Air quality and social deprivation in the UK: an environmental inequalities analysis, 2006 3 Defra. Abatement cost guidance for valuing changes in air quality, May 2013 LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 i West Suffolk Council

• Brandon continues to record levels of pollution below (that is compliant with) the national air quality objectives at all monitored locations. However, data collection during 2019 was poor (due to a very high number of diffusion tubes going missing at some locations) and although data was adjusted and annualised in line with guidance the results at some locations should be treated with caution. Long term (that is over the last five years) improvement in air quality remains evident despite results between 2018 and 2019 showing no discernible pattern, with some sites showing significant increases and others showing significant decreases in pollution levels. However, the levels of traffic (especially HGVs from sites just outside of the West Suffolk administrative area) travelling through the town on the A1065 are still a concern to the residents and their representatives. West Suffolk Council continue to monitor the situation and liaise with the regulators of the sites outside the West Suffolk administrative area.

• Bury St Edmunds is the largest town in West Suffolk and has a number of large residential (Marham Park, Moreton Hall and Station Hill) and commercial developments (Suffolk Business Park) currently progressing that will increase its size and population. Despite this ongoing growth, recorded levels of pollution were lower in 2019 than in 2018, except for two locations (Tayfen Road, and the roundabout of Tayfen Road and Northgate Street) where roadworks had regularly been undertaken that caused significant and prolonged traffic disruption. All monitored locations in Bury St Edmunds remain below the national air quality objectives. Significant decreases in pollution occurred within the AQMA on Sicklesmere Road, as well as on Parkway at the junction with Kings Road, which had previously shown high levels of pollution. Several new monitoring points were installed in Bury St Edmunds during 2019, none of which identified levels of air pollution above the national objectives.

• Great Barton is a village to the north east of Bury St Edmunds with a main road (A143), which is a designated HGV route, cutting through it. A row of cottages either side of, and including, the Post Office are situated close to this road and are designated as an AQMA. Following grant funding, a puffin crossing that disrupted flow through the AQMA was moved along the road away from the AQMA. The two monitoring points within the AQMA both recorded a drop in pollution levels, although this is unlikely to be attributable to the moving of the crossing, which was only completed in December of 2019. Despite the drop in pollution levels, the air quality objectives are still being breached within the AQMA and further action may be needed to further decrease the pollution.

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 ii West Suffolk Council

• Figure 1: The new puffin crossing in Great Barton

• Haverhill monitoring continues to show compliance with the annual air quality objectives in all locations. The main area of concern is Withersfield Road (A1307) where historically levels were close to the objectives. However, steady decreases in pollution over the past five years have resulted in pollution levels being well below the objectives. Haverhill north west strategic housing development and associated relief road are under construction. The relief road will allow for further improvements in pollution levels on Withersfield Road.

• Mildenhall and Lakenheath continue to show concentrations of pollutants below (that is compliant with) the air quality objective levels. However, the sites in these locations do not fit the long-term trend of declining pollution levels seen elsewhere in the district, with no sites showing a significant reduction in nitrogen dioxide levels over the last five years. There is no obvious reason for these locations to buck the trend of the other locations in West Suffolk. Further work is needed in these areas to help improve air quality in this part of the district and to understand whether the US Air Force bases at RAF Lakenheath and RAF Mildenhall and associated traffic have a significant influence.

• Newmarket has shown steady air quality improvements since the declaration of an AQMA along the High Street and Old Station Road in 2009, which was subsequently reduced in size in April 2017 to include just Old Station Road. All locations remain below the air quality objective levels, including monitoring points added along Old Station Road in 2016 and 2017 and we will progress the revocation of this AQMA in 2020. Pollution levels between 2018 and 2019 remained relatively stable in Newmarket, although more locations showed a slight decrease in pollution than an increase in pollution.

As most of the pollution within West Suffolk originates from road traffic, West Suffolk works closely with the local highway authority (Suffolk County Council), who have a designated point of contact for air quality matters. We also work closely with the local planning authority to ensure new developments are appropriately controlled and mitigation is provided where required. More details on the extent of the AQMAs mentioned above can be found at Defra – UK AIR – Air information Resources – Local Authority Details – West Suffolk Council

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 iii West Suffolk Council Actions to improve air quality

Anti-idling campaign

West Suffolk Council has started to directly engage with schools on our anti-idling campaign. This has involved going into schools to work directly with pupils and teachers who are then engaging with parents at school collection. The first events have proved successful with positive feedback received from teachers, parents and children. We have worked with Suffolk County Council road safety officers to help distribute anti-idling materials to all schools currently on the road safety scheme. We also supported residents’ associations who had a market stall at Bury St Edmunds market in December 2019 promoting anti-idling.

Figure 2: Pictures from school idling events

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 iv West Suffolk Council Zero emission vehicles

West Suffolk Council have focused on the promotion of electric vehicles (EVs) over the last few years and in 2016, 2017 and 2018 held an EV Showcase in Bury St Edmunds. We did not undertake this event in 2019 as demand for new EVs was accelerating, however, we continued delivering projects to improve EV infrastructure.

West Suffolk Council’s Rapid EV charge point in Bury St Edmunds continued to show good and increased usage throughout 2019, noting that the unit was offline for eight days in December 2019.

Figure 3: Chart showing increased usage of rapid EV charge point.

A second council owned rapid EV charge point has now been installed in the centre of Newmarket and will further support local EV drivers and businesses who wish to move to zero tailpipe emission vehicles.

West Suffolk Council has now also launched lamppost mounted EV charge points for residents without off street parking, partly funded by the Office for Low Emission Vehicle (OLEV). This trial has seen points installed on various streets in Bury St Edmunds, as well as a car park in Newmarket and a street in the village of Exning. West Suffolk Council will review this scheme and expand the network if it is seen as successful.

West Suffolk continue to request EV charge points through the planning process and these are now being delivered through new developments. We recognise that the for EVs to become widespread, the infrastructure needs to be developed by both the private and public organisations in public car parks, workplaces and other locations. Charge points are now being delivered throughout West Suffolk due to conditions on planning applications.

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 v West Suffolk Council

Figure 4: Lamppost charge points in Newmarket and Bury St Edmunds

Great Barton puffin crossing

As noted above, the puffin crossing in Great Barton was situated immediately adjacent to the air quality management area and was one of many factors that contributed to the poor air quality. Levels of nitrogen dioxide in the Great Barton AQMA were the highest recorded in West Suffolk in 2019. The crossing was moved following the receipt of a grant from Defra’s 2018 air quality grant funding scheme. Consultation was undertaken in June 2019 and the works were completed in December 2019. The improvement in air quality will be monitored throughout 2020 to establish the impact of this action.

Low cost ‘continuous’ monitoring

In June 2019, we purchased a low-cost portable ‘continuous’ monitor to assist in data collection to support the anti-idling campaign and assessment of the Great Barton puffin crossing move. However, during the summer, the weather conditions (mostly sunlight) had a greater impact on the nitrogen dioxide than traffic and therefore it was not possible to identify any impact on pollution levels from a subtle change in traffic flows.

Data did show an improvement in the winter, however, results were still variable from day to day and it was still difficult to reach any strong conclusions from the data provided.

West Suffolk Council are working with Suffolk County Council on a larger trial of low cost monitors and will continue to consider options around this emerging technology.

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 vi West Suffolk Council Conclusions and priorities

Air Quality in West Suffolk continues to be relatively good, with almost all the monitored locations being below (that is compliant with) the air quality objectives and for the majority of the district showing a long-term downward trend in pollution levels. Great Barton AQMA continues to be the only location with exceedances of the objectives and monitoring will continue here to establish the improvement following the moving of the puffin crossing. The Great Barton AQMA Action Plan will be updated to reflect the completion of this action. The levels of nitrogen dioxide recorded in the other AQMAs in West Suffolk were below the objectives and revocation of the Newmarket AQMA will progress in 2020.

West Suffolk continues to grow, with major developments in Bury St Edmunds and Haverhill both continuing. It is important for West Suffolk to continue to monitor throughout the area and react to any new information that becomes available.

Our main ongoing actions for 2020 are to continue to expand the provision for EV charging infrastructure and continue working with schools and other organisations with our anti-idling campaign. Gaining significant engagement at a local level given the largely rural locality will remain a challenge in West Suffolk.

Local engagement and how to get involved

As an individual there are many actions that you can take to improve the air quality and reduce air pollution. This will improve the quality of life for everyone, including you and your family. Below are a few suggestions of how to get involved:

• Consider purchasing an electric vehicle; the costs are reducing, and the technology and infrastructure are making this technology more practical for more people. • Use your car less. Try to walk, cycle, and use the bus or train wherever possible. Conventionally fuelled cars are particularly polluting over short journeys, so aim to cut these out first. • Reduce emissions from your car by ensuring it is regularly serviced and well maintained, ensure you only carry the weight you need, and you drive in a gentle, steady manner. • Don’t idle your vehicle’s engine when parked. You can contact West Suffolk Council if you would like us to do a presentation about vehicle idling to your school or organisation. • When buying a traditionally fuelled vehicle consider the most fuel-efficient petrol vehicle rather than buying a diesel vehicle. • Encourage your employer, school or college to set up a Green Travel Plan. • Car share, to reduce emissions and save money. See the Suffolk Car Share website for further details.

Bury St Edmunds resident’s associations have formed a group to help raise the profile of air pollution and take action where appropriate. This group has met on a number of occasions and helped to run a market stall to promote the anti-idling campaign in the town. You can contact West Suffolk Council if you would like more information on this group.

For up to date information on air quality in West Suffolk, please visit our air quality website. LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 vii West Suffolk Council Table of contents

Executive Summary: Air quality in our area ...... i Air quality in West Suffolk ...... i Actions to improve air quality ...... iv Anti-idling campaign ...... iv Zero emission vehicles ...... v Great Barton puffin crossing ...... vi Low cost ‘continuous’ monitoring ...... vi Conclusions and priorities ...... vii Local engagement and how to get involved ...... vii Table of contents ...... viii 1. Local air quality management...... 1 2. Actions to improve air quality ...... 1 2.1 Air quality management areas ...... 1 2.2 Progress and impact of measures to address air quality in West Suffolk Council ...... 4

2.3 PM2.5 – Local authority approach to reducing emissions and/or concentrations ...... 9 3. Air quality monitoring data and comparison with air quality objectives and national compliance ...... 9 3.1 Summary of monitoring undertaken ...... 9 3.1.1 Automatic monitoring sites ...... 9 3.1.2 Non-automatic monitoring sites ...... 9 3.2 Individual pollutants ...... 9

3.2.1 Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) ...... 10 Great Barton ...... 13 Haverhill ...... 14 Mildenhall and Lakenheath ...... 15 Newmarket ...... 16 Summary and conclusions ...... 18 Appendix A: Monitoring results ...... 19 Table A.1 – Details of non-automatic monitoring sites ...... 19

Table A.2 – Annual mean NO2 monitoring results ...... 30 Appendix B: Full monthly diffusion tube results for 2019 ...... 38

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 viii West Suffolk Council

Table B.1 - NO2 monthly diffusion tube results 2019 ...... 38 Appendix C: Supporting technical information and air quality monitoring data QA/QC ...... 44 Bias adjustment ...... 44 Figure C1: Bias adjustment data ...... 45 Annualisation ...... 46 Background sites used ...... 46 BSE19 – Out Risbygate ...... 47 BSE20 – Risbygate Street ...... 48 BSE21 – Northgate Street...... 49 BSE22 – Churchgate Street...... 50 BSE23 - Guildhall Street ...... 51 BSE24 – Hollow Road Bridge ...... 52 BSE25 – Orttewell Road ...... 53 BRN5 – 52 London Road ...... 54 BRN6 – London Road / Coulson Road ...... 55 BRN10 – High Street ‘Boots’ ...... 56 BRN13 – 25 George Street ...... 57 BRN14 – 28 Bury Road ...... 58 NMK8 – Park area ...... 59 Fall off with distance calculations ...... 60 Appendix D: Map(s) of monitoring locations and AQMAs...... 67 Figure D1: Monitoring locations in Brandon ...... 67 Figure D2: Monitoring locations in Bury St Edmunds (North) ...... 68 Figure D3: Monitoring locations in Bury St Edmunds (South) ...... 69 Figure D4: Sicklesmere Road AQMA ...... 70 Figure D5: Monitoring locations in Great Barton ...... 71 Figure D6: Great Barton AQMA ...... 72 Figure D7: Monitoring locations in Haverhill ...... 73 Figure D8: Monitoring locations in Lakenheath ...... 74 Figure D9: Monitoring locations in Mildenhall ...... 75 Figure D10: Monitoring locations in Newmarket town centre...... 76 Figure D11: Newmarket AQMA ...... 77 Figure D12: Monitoring locations in Newmarket (North) ...... 78 Appendix E: Summary of air quality objectives in England ...... 79 Table E.1 – Air quality objectives in England ...... 79

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 ix West Suffolk Council

Glossary of terms ...... 80

List of tables Table 2.1 – Declared Air Quality Management Areas ...... 3 Table 2.2 – Progress on Measures to Improve Air Quality ...... 5

Table A.2 – Details of Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites ...... 19 Table A.3 – Annual Mean NO2 Monitoring Results ...... 30

Table B.1 - NO2 Monthly Diffusion Tube Results - 2019 ...... 38

Table E.1 – Air Quality Objectives in England ...... 79

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 x West Suffolk Council 1. Local air quality management

This report provides an overview of air quality in West Suffolk during 2019. It fulfils the requirements of Local Air Quality Management (LAQM) as set out in Part IV of the Environment Act (1995) and the relevant Policy and Technical Guidance documents.

The LAQM process places an obligation on all local authorities to regularly review and assess air quality in their areas, and to determine whether or not the air quality objectives are likely to be achieved. Where an exceedance is considered likely the local authority must declare an air quality management area (AQMA) and prepare an air quality action plan (AQAP) setting out the measures it intends to put in place in pursuit of the objectives. This annual status report (ASR) is an annual requirement showing the strategies employed by West Suffolk Council to improve air quality and any progress that has been made.

The statutory air quality objectives applicable to LAQM in England can be found in Table E.1 in Appendix E.

2. Actions to improve air quality

2.1 Air quality management areas

Air quality management areas (AQMAs) are declared when there is an exceedance or likely exceedance of an air quality objective. After declaration, the authority must prepare an air quality action plan (AQAP) within 12-18 months setting out measures it intends to put in place in pursuit of compliance with the objectives.

A summary of AQMAs declared by West Suffolk Council can be found in Table 2.1.Further information related to declared or revoked AQMAs, including maps of AQMA boundaries are available online at Defra – UK AIR – Air information Resources – Local Authority Details – West Suffolk Council. Alternatively, see

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 1 West Suffolk Council Appendix D: Map(s) of monitoring locations and AQMAs, which provides for a map of air quality monitoring locations in relation to the AQMA(s).

West Suffolk Council confirm the information on UK-Air regarding their AQMA(s) is up to date.

We propose to revoke Newmarket AQMA during 2020.

All measurements are in micrograms per meter cubed (µg/m3)

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 2 West Suffolk Council

Table 2.1 – Declared air quality management areas

AQMA Date of Pollutants City or One line Is air Level of Action plan name declaration and air town description quality in exceedance quality the AQMA (maximum objectives influenced monitored or by roads modelled controlled concentration at a by location of Highways relevant exposure) England? At Now Name Date of Link declaration publication

3 olk/airquality www.westsuff Newmarket Declared 6 NO2 annual Newmarket Old Station Road No 40 µg/m 26.3 Not N/A - AQMA AQMA (2017 April 2009, mean from the Clock (2009 – Not µg/m3 applicable to be variation) Amended 18 Tower roundabout at relevant revoked. April 2017 to the Junction with location for Rous Road, annual

Newmarket, Suffolk mean objective)

3 olk/airquality www.westsuff Great Declared 11 NO2 annual Great An area No 48.2 µg/m 43.3 Action Revised Barton May 2011 m ean Barton incorporating (2011) µg/m3 Plan for September AQMA Revoked 1 Gatehouse Cottage Great 2020 January and 1 to 8 The Barton 2013 Street (A143), in AQMA

Declared 18 the Parish of Great April 2017 Barton.

Sicklesmere Declared 13 NO2 annual Bury St 2 and 7 No 44.7 36.6 To be To be /airquality www.westsuffolk Road, Bury April 2018 mean Edmunds Sicklesmere Road µg/m3 µg/m3 arranged arranged St Edmunds, and 28 Southgate AQMA House, Rougham

Road, in the Parish of Bury St Edmunds (Southgate Ward)

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 3 West Suffolk Council

2.2 Progress and impact of measures to address air quality in West Suffolk Council

West Suffolk Council has taken forward a number of direct measures during the current reporting year of 2019 in pursuit of improving local air quality. Details of all measures completed, in progress or planned are set out in Table 2.2.

More detail on the measures relevant to Great Barton AQMA can be found in the Action Plan for Great Barton AQMA. Key completed measures are:

• anti-idling promotional material development and school visits • increase of publicly accessible EV charge points • moving of the pedestrian crossing in Great Barton.

West Suffolk expects the following measures to be completed over the course of the next reporting year:

• further anti-idling promotional work and school visits to increase the awareness of air quality in West Suffolk together with increased anti-idling signage and possible implementation of fixed penalty notices • further increase of locally available EV charge points • engagement with local residents to identify further areas of potential action • continue to work with Suffolk County Council on low cost monitor trials to further understand the local particulate matter distribution and levels.

West Suffolk Council’s priorities for the coming year are to undertake further anti-idling promotional work, increase the number of EV charge points in the district and further engage the wider public on air quality improvement.

The principal challenges and barriers to implementation that West Suffolk Council anticipates facing are a lack of funding for installing EV charge points as well as difficulty undertaking educational visits to schools following the coronavirus pandemic.

West Suffolk Council anticipates that the measures stated above and in Table 2.2 will achieve compliance in Great Barton AQMA during 2020.

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 4 West Suffolk Council

Table 2.2 – Progress on measures to improve air quality

Measure Measure EU category EU classification Date Organisations Funding Key Reduction in Progress to date Estimated or Comments or barriers to number measure involved source performance pollutant or actual implementation introduced indicator emission from completion measure date 1 Electric vehicle Promoting low Procuring 2016 West Suffolk Not applicable Number of Not possible to Implemented and Ongoing A number of charge points charging points emission alternative Council relevant directly measure conditions being have been secured and through transport refuelling planning successfully delivered through planning for planning infrastructure to applications imposed and residential and commercial promote low with delivered on new developments, including a emission vehicles, conditions developments number of publicly accessible EV recharging, successfully charge points. gas fuel applied recharging 2 Electric vehicle Promoting low Procuring 2017 West Suffolk, Highways Number of Not possible to Rapid charge January 2019 Norfolk and Suffolk wide charging emission alternative Babergh, and England additional directly measure point installed project. Use of charge point infrastructure transport refuelling Mid Suffolk charge points January 2019 has been better than expected on council infrastructure to councils, installed since installation in January owned land promote low Highways 2019. emission vehicles, England EV recharging, providing gas fuel funding for recharging rapid chargers 3 Electric vehicle Promoting low Procuring 2016 West Suffolk Section 106 Number of Not possible to Fast chargers Ongoing Charger points installed in charging emission alternative Council funds and additional directly measure installed in Bury 2017 and 2020. Further infrastructure transport refuelling council charge points St Edmunds, locations being considered for on council infrastructure to investment installed Haverhill and 2020-2021 owned land promote low Newmarket. Rapid emission vehicles, chargers installed EV recharging, in Newmarket and gas fuel Mildenhall recharging 4 On-street Promoting low Procuring 2018 West Suffolk OLEV and Number of Not possible to 22 points Phase 1 electric vehicle emission alternative Council, OLEV West Suffolk additional directly measure installed. Further completed Q1 charging transport refuelling and Energy Council charge points sites being 2020. infrastructure infrastructure to Savings Trust installed identified. promote low emission vehicles, EV recharging, Gas fuel recharging 5 Electric Vehicle Promoting low Other 2016 West Suffolk West Suffolk Increased Not possible to Showcase Ongoing Event not undertaken in 2019 Showcase emission Council Council uptake in directly measure undertaken in as new EVs have long waiting transport electric 2016, 2017 and lists and demand is vehicles 2018 outstripping supply.

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 5 West Suffolk Council

Measure Measure EU category EU classification Date Organisations Funding Key Reduction in Progress to date Estimated or Comments or barriers to number measure involved source performance pollutant or actual implementation introduced indicator emission from completion measure date 6 Business Grant Promoting Company vehicle 2016 West Suffolk ongoing Increased Not possible to Specific marketing Ongoing Grant successfully advertised Promotions for Low Emission procurement - Council and uptake in directly measure designed and and event run in October 2018 businesses to Transport prioritising uptake BEE Anglia electric distributed to taxi as part of the West Suffolk move to ULEV of low emission vehicles drivers - Awaiting Business Festival. including vehicles first successful 'Electric applicant Innovation' event as part of the West Suffolk Business Festival. 7 Taxi licensing Promoting low Taxi licensing 2017 West Suffolk not applicable Reduction in 12% reduction in implemented and Conditions Measure was backed up by conditions emission conditions Council Nitrogen pollution at taxi continue to implemented in regular visits to taxi rank by making idling transport Dioxide at rank between monitor 2017 licensing enforcement officer in a taxi rank taxi rank 2017 and 2019 during 2018 or on the locations highway a penalty within the taxi handbook, with the potential for penalty points to be added to the drivers council licence. 8 Anti-idling Public Via other 2018 West Suffolk West Suffolk Reduction in Not possible to Materials June 2019 First school visits completed in campaigns information mechanisms Council, Suffolk Council idling at key directly measure completed in June January 2020. Further school County Council locations 2019 visits planned but COVID-19 pandemic has prevented this continuing. 9 Eco driving Vehicle fleet Driver training 2017 West Suffolk Energy Number of Not possible to Ongoing Ongoing Has been yearly courses, but courses for efficiency and ECO driving Council Savings Trust staff directly measure unsure if will be able to council staff aids completing implement in 2020 course 10 Promotion of Public Via the internet 2018 West Suffolk West Suffolk Lower Not possible to Promoted on West Ongoing better domestic information Council Council emissions directly measure Suffolk website solid fuel from private and via West burning fuel burning Suffolk and (not Environmental measurable) Health Facebook pages

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 6 West Suffolk Council

Measure Measure EU category EU classification Date Organisations Funding Key Reduction in Progress to date Estimated or Comments or barriers to number measure involved source performance pollutant or actual implementation introduced indicator emission from completion measure date 11 South East Traffic Strategic highway 2020 West Suffolk Development Measured To be confirmed Planning 2023 Completion of road prior to Bury St management improvements, Council, Suffolk concentration closer to opening permission 400 dwellings completed to be Edmunds relief re-prioritising County Council in Nitrogen date granted in Spring a condition of the planning road road space away and Developer Dioxide on 2020 approval from cars, Sicklesmere including access Road management, selective vehicle priority, bus priority, high vehicle occupancy lane 12 Haverhill north Traffic Strategic highway 2018 West Suffolk Development Measured To be confirmed Development 2023 Condition of planning requires west relief road Management improvements, Council, Suffolk concentration closer to opening commenced completion within five years of Re-prioritising County Council in Nitrogen date - likely in March 2018 commencement of road space away and developer Dioxide on the region of development from cars, Withersfield 20% including Access Road management, Selective vehicle priority, bus priority, high vehicle occupancy lane 13 Great Barton Traffic UTC, Congestion 2019 West Suffolk Defra, Suffolk Reductions in 4µg/m3 to Completed 2019 COVID-19 Pandemic will make AQAP - moving Management management, Council, Suffolk County concentration 6µg/m3 within December 2019 it difficult to establish the of the traffic reduction County Council Council s to below the the AQMA improvements in air quality pedestrian objective crossing 14 Great Barton Traffic Strategic highway 2018 Suffolk County 2021 Monitoring of To be confirmed Outline design 2021 Section 106 funding has been AQAP - Management improvements, Council queues completed secured from developments in improvement re-prioritising through Great Thurston (within Mid Suffolk of ‘Bunbury road space away Barton District Council). This will be Arms’ junction from cars, the second scheme delivered to Thurston including access through this funding. management, selective vehicle priority, bus priority, high vehicle occupancy lane 15 Suffolk Car Alternatives Car and lift Ongoing Suffolk County Suffolk Number of Not possible to Over 3,000 Ongoing Share to private sharing schemes Council County scheme directly measure members vehicle use Council participants for a single district

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 7 West Suffolk Council

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 8 West Suffolk Council

2.3 PM2.5 – Local authority approach to reducing emissions and/or concentrations

As detailed in Policy Guidance LAQM.PG16 (Chapter 7), local authorities are expected to work towards reducing emissions and/or concentrations of PM2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5µm or less). There is clear evidence that PM2.5 has a significant impact on human health, including premature mortality, allergic reactions, and cardiovascular diseases.

West Suffolk Council is undertaking a number of measures to improve air quality generally, as described above, which we consider will also have a positive impact on PM2.5. We are also supporting Suffolk County Council with a county wide trial of low cost PM2.5 and PM10 monitors, which we hope will give us a better understand of the local and regional sources and distribution of particulate pollution. With better understanding we hope to be able to make targeted progress on PM2.5 in future years.

3. Air quality monitoring data and comparison with air quality objectives and national compliance

3.1 Summary of monitoring undertaken

3.1.1 Automatic monitoring sites

West Suffolk Council did not undertake any automatic (continuous) monitoring in line with Defra guidelines during 2019. National monitoring results are available at https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/interactive-map.

3.1.2 Non-automatic monitoring sites

West Suffolk Council undertook non- automatic (passive) monitoring of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at 67 sites during 2019.

Table A.1 in Appendix A shows the details of the sites, as well as the details of sites that have been monitored in the last five years but were not monitored in 2019.

Maps showing the location of the monitoring sites are provided in Appendix D. More details on quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) for the diffusion tubes, including bias adjustments and any other adjustments applied (for example annualisation and/or distance correction), are included in Appendix C.

3.2 Individual pollutants

The air quality monitoring results presented in this section are, where relevant, adjusted for bias4, annualisation (where the data capture falls below 75%), and distance correction5. Further details on adjustments are provided in Appendix C.

4 https://laqm.defra.gov.uk/bias-adjustment-factors/bias-adjustment.html 5 Fall-off with distance correction criteria is provided in paragraph 7.77, LAQM.TG(16)

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 9 West Suffolk Council

3.2.1 Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)

Table A.2 in Appendix A compares the ratified and adjusted monitored NO2 annual mean concentrations for the past five years with the air quality objective of 40µg/m3. Note that the concentration data presented in Table A.2 represents the concentration at the location of the monitoring site, following the application of bias adjustment and annualisation, as required (that is the values are exclusive of any consideration to fall- off with distance adjustment).

For diffusion tubes, the full 2019 dataset of monthly mean values is provided in Appendix B. Note that the concentration data presented in Table B.1 includes distance corrected values, only where relevant.

The only exceedance of the annual mean objective in 2019 is within Great Barton AQMA. No sites were over 60µg/m3, which would indicate that an exceedance of the one-hour mean objective is unlikely to occur at any of these sites.

The results from all the monitored towns are detailed below.

Brandon

Brandon continues to record levels of pollution below (that is compliant with) the national air quality objectives at all monitored locations. However, data collection during 2019 was poor due to a very high number of diffusion tubes going missing at some locations. The worst site for data collection was BRN4 (London Road / Stores Street) where only two diffusion tubes were recovered all year, which meant that this site could not even be annualised to give a result for the year. Although data at other sites with poor retrieval was adjusted and annualised in line with guidance the results at some locations should be treated with caution. Only BRN1 (Church Road) and BRN7 (London Road/Church Road junction) had 100% data collection for the year.

Long term (that is over the last five years) improvement in air quality remains evident despite results between 2018 and 2019 showing no discernible pattern, with some sites showing significant increases and others showing significant decreases in pollution levels. The lack of pattern is likely in part to be due to the poor quality of the data as noted above, with the two sites showing the greatest variation both having poor data collection which required annualisation.

However, the levels of traffic (especially HGVs from sites just outside of the West Suffolk administrative area) travelling through the town on the A1065 are still a concern to the residents and their representatives. West Suffolk Council continue to monitor the situation and liaise with the regulators of the sites outside the West Suffolk administrative area.

Suffolk County Council traffic data between 2016 and 2019 shows a continued decrease in vehicle numbers on the A1065, however, the count point (site number 9031) is to the west of the town and may not be reflective of the High Street. The B1106 to the south of Brandon (site number 76) shows a steady increase in vehicle numbers. The two count points combined show almost no change in traffic numbers between 2016 and 2019 suggesting that traffic has shifted from one route to the other.

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 10 West Suffolk Council

Figure 3.1: Five-year trend data for nitrogen dioxide in Brandon 50 BRN1

45 BRN2 BRN3

40 BRN4 BRN5

35 BRN6 BRN7

30 BRN8 BRN9

25 BRN10 BRN11

20 BRN12

BRN13 Nitrogen dioxide (micrograms per meter cubed 15 BRN14 BRN15

10 AQO 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Bury St Edmunds

Bury St Edmunds is the largest town in West Suffolk and has the highest number of monitoring points in the district, with 22 locations monitored during 2019. Some large residential (Marham Park, Moreton Hall and Station Hill) and commercial developments (Suffolk Business Park) are currently progressing that will increase the town’s size and population.

Despite this ongoing growth, recorded levels of pollution were lower at all locations in 2019 than in 2018, except for two locations BSE16 (Northgate Lodge Roundabout) and BSE17 (Tayfen Road). These two monitoring points are located close together and were regularly impacted by roadworks during 2019 which caused significant and prolonged traffic disruption which is likely to be the cause of this increase in pollution. Results from these locations will be considered over the next year and a continued increase in pollution levels may require further investigation.

All monitored locations in Bury St Edmunds remain below the national air quality objectives. Significant decreases in pollution occurred within the AQMA on Sicklesmere Road, with pollution levels at BSE1 (2 Sicklesmere Road) and BSE15 (7 Sicklesmere Road) falling 7% and 16% respectively. This decrease in pollution is not reflected in Suffolk County Council traffic count data, which has shown almost no change in traffic volume between 2016 (12,892) and 2019 (12,968). Despite the decrease of pollution within this AQMA, there is not yet sufficient data to confirm that the AQMA be revoked.

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 11 West Suffolk Council

The monitoring point on Parkway at the junction with Kings Road (BSE6), which had previously shown high levels of pollution, also had a significant (17%) drop in pollution levels.

Following concerns from residents and councillors, several new monitoring points were installed in Bury St Edmunds during 2019 (some for only part of the year). These included monitoring points within the medieval grid along narrow residential roads, as well as areas on the outskirts of the town where residents had concerns about HGV movements. None of the new sites identified levels of air pollution above, or close to, the national objectives. Although some sites were only monitored for part of the year and required annualisation, they were significantly enough below the objectives to have confidence that there was no risk of the objectives being exceeded and did not all need to have ongoing monitoring in to 2020.

Figure 3.2: Five-year trend data for nitrogen dioxide in Bury St Edmunds (town centre) 50 BSE3

45 BSE6 BSE7 BSE8 40 BSE11 BSE12 35 BSE14 BSE16 30 BSE17 BSE19 25 BSE20 BSE21 20 BSE22

BSE23 NitrogenDioxide (micrograms per meter cubed) 15 BSE26 BSE27 AQO 10 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 12 West Suffolk Council

Figure 3.3: Five-year trend data for nitrogen dioxide in Bury St Edmunds (outskirts) 50

BSE1 40 BSE2 BSE4 35 BSE5 BSE9 30 BSE10 BSE15 25 BSE18 BSE24 20 BSE25 AQO NitrogenDioxide (micrograms per meter cubed) 15

10 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Great Barton

Great Barton is a village to the north east of Bury St Edmunds. The A143 designated HGV route cuts through the village and there is an AQMA in the centre of the village where a short section of street ‘canyon’ exists former by a row of cottages one side of the road and a high wall and vegetation on the other side. The row of cottages, which includes the village Post Office are designated as an AQMA. This location is also close to junctions with minor roads and a puffin crossing which disturb traffic flow and therefore increase pollution. The puffin crossing was moved in December 2019.

The two monitoring points within the AQMA are above the air quality objective of 40µg/m3 being 45.1µg/m3 (GB6) and 40.8µg/m3 (GB7), although both monitoring points recorded lower levels of pollution than 2018. It is unlikely that moving the puffin crossing has had an impact on the 2019 figures, given it was not moved until December 2019, we will continue to monitor in 2020 to establish the impact of moving the crossing.

Moving away from the AQMA, pollution levels drop off quickly and most sites along the A143 are showing a good year on year decrease in pollution levels. The only exception being GB3 (Church Lane junction) which recorded slightly higher pollution in 2019 than 2018, although 2019 pollution levels are lower than all other previous years.

The decrease in pollution is not reflected in a drop in vehicle numbers. Suffolk County Council traffic count data (site number 92) to the east of the village shows a very slight increase in traffic on the A143, with approximately 16,900 vehicles counted during 2016, rising to approximately 17,250 in 2019.

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 13 West Suffolk Council

Despite the decrease of pollution along the A143, the background location within Great Barton (GB2) has not shown a decrease in pollution, with background pollution levels remaining relatively steady between 2015 and 2019.

A new monitoring point has been added for 2020 to ensure that moving the crossing has not caused significant levels of pollution close to the new crossing location.

Figure 3.4: Five-year trend data for nitrogen dioxide in Great Barton 50

40 GB2 GB3 35 GB4 GB5 30 GB6 GB7 25 GB8 GB9 20 AQO

NitrogenDioxide (micrograms per meter cubed) 15

10 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Haverhill

Haverhill monitoring continues to show compliance with the annual air quality objectives in all locations. The main area of concern is Withersfield Road (A1307) where historically levels were close to the objectives, with HH3 recording 38.3µg/m3 in 2015. However, steady decreases in pollution over the past five years have resulted in pollution levels being well below the objectives with HH3 now being 31.2µg/m3 compared to the objective of 40µg/m3. Haverhill north west strategic housing development and associated relief road are under construction. The relief road will allow for further improvements in pollution levels on Withersfield Road.

There is currently no traffic data which provides a trend for the five years of monitoring presented on Withersfield Road.

Additional monitoring has been installed within Haverhill for the 2020 monitoring period to understand other locations within the town.

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 14 West Suffolk Council

Figure 3.5: Five-year trend data for nitrogen dioxide in Haverhill 50

35 HH1 HH2 30 HH3 HH5 25 AQO

NitrogenDioxide (micrograms per meter cubed) 15

10 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Mildenhall and Lakenheath

Mildenhall and Lakenheath continue to show concentrations of pollutants below (that is compliant with) the air quality objective levels. However, the sites in these locations do not fit the long-term trend of declining pollution levels seen elsewhere in the district, with no sites showing a significant reduction in nitrogen dioxide levels over the last five years, as shown in Figure 3.6. For example, MLD1 (North Terrace) shows the highest reading of nitrogen dioxide (25.9µg/m3) since monitoring started at this point in 2016 when a reading of 23.3µg/m3 was recorded. MLD2 (Queensway) also shows a higher reading in 2019 (27.5µg/m3) than in 2016 (26.8µg/m3). MLD3 (Kingsway) does show a slight decrease in pollution with a reading of 33.2µg/m3 compared to a high (in the last five years) of 36.4µg/m3 recorded in 2017.

There is no obvious reason why Mildenhall and Lakenheath have not shown the decreases that the other locations in West Suffolk have more clearly demonstrated. Traffic data from Suffolk County Council (site number 9181 on the A1101 to the east of the town centre) indicates traffic through the town has decreased over the last two years from approximately 12,500 vehicles a day in 2017 to 11,700 in 2019. Further work is needed in these towns to help understand why pollution is not decreasing and to improve air quality in this part of the district. Part of this work to further to understand the air quality around Lakenheath and Mildenhall will involve liaison with the two RAF Bases currently utilised by the US Air Force.

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 15 West Suffolk Council

Figure 3.6: Five-year trend data for nitrogen dioxide in Mildenhall and Lakenheath 50

35 LAK1 LAK2

30 MLD1 MLD2

25 MLD3 AQO 20

NitrogenDioxide (micrograms per meter cubed) 15

10 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Newmarket

Newmarket has shown steady air quality improvements since the declaration of an AQMA along the High Street and Old Station Road in 2009, which was subsequently reduced in size in April 2017 to include just Old Station Road. All the monitoring points within the AQMA remain well below the air quality objective of 40µg/m3, with the highest reading in 2019 being 31µg/m3. All sites are also showing a long-term steady decrease as shown in Figure 3.7. We will progress the revocation of this AQMA in 2020, although we are committed to continuing monitoring within Newmarket and improving air quality wherever the opportunity arises.

Away from the AQMA in Newmarket, all locations remain below the air quality objective levels. Nitrogen dioxide levels between 2018 and 2019 remained relatively stable, although more locations showed a slight decrease in pollution than those that showed an increase in pollution. Significant monitoring remains along the High Street and town centre which enables us to react if the decrease in pollution is not sustained. A small number of sites are also monitored away from the town centre.

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 16 West Suffolk Council

Figure 3.7: Five-year trend data for nitrogen dioxide in Newmarket AQMA 50

35 NMK1 NMK2 30 NMK3 NMK19 25 AQO

NitrogenDioxide (micrograms per meter cubed) 15

10 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Figure 3.8: Five-year trend data for nitrogen dioxide in Newmarket town centre 50

45 NMK4 NMK5 40 NMK6 NMK7 35 NMK8 NMK9 30 NMK10 NMK11 25 NMK12 NMK13 20 NMK14 NMK15 NitrogenDioxide (micrograms per meter cubed) 15 AQO

10 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 17 West Suffolk Council

Summary and conclusions

Monitoring over the last five years has shown a general decrease in pollution across most of West Suffolk, with the notable exception being Mildenhall and Lakenheath where monitoring has shown consistent pollution levels over the past five years. The decrease in pollution in Brandon was inconsistent between 2018 and 2019, however this is likely to be in part due to poor data collection.

Great Barton AQMA remains the only location to have exceedances of the annual mean AQO for nitrogen dioxide, but pollution has fallen rapidly here and should continue to do so given the action taken.

Newmarket AQMA continues to show clear compliance with the annual mean AQO for nitrogen dioxide and will be revoked.

Extensive diffusion tube monitoring will continue throughout 2020. Data from 2020 is likely to show interesting results, with the impact of the very windy February and the reduced traffic during the COVID-19 pandemic already observed to have had an impact on readings.

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 18 West Suffolk Council

Appendix A: Monitoring results

Table A.1 – Details of non-automatic monitoring sites Note that shaded rows are sites that have been monitored in the last five years, but were not monitored in the latest reporting year of 2019 Site Site name Site type X OS Y OS Grid Pollutants In Distance to Distance Tube Height ID Grid ref ref monitored AQMA? relevant to kerb of collocated (m) (Easting) (Northing) exposure (m) nearest with a 0 is at a road (m) continuous location of analyser? exposure

BRN1 Brandon – 6 Roadside 578044 286249 NO2 No 1.1 1.7 No 2.1 Church Road

BRN2 Brandon – Roadside 577993 286163 NO2 No 3.3 1.7 No 2.2 104 London Road

BRN3 Brandon - Urban 578406 286460 NO2 No 0 – hourly. Not No 2.4 Town Hall Centre Not applicable - applicable annual

(3) BRN4 Brandon – Roadside 578351 286503 NO2 No 2.7 1.6 No 2.5 London Road / Stores St

BRN5 Brandon - Roadside 578206 286407 NO2 No 7.0 1.1 No 2.2 52 London Road

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Site Site name Site type X OS Y OS Grid Pollutants In Distance to Distance Tube Height ID Grid ref ref monitored AQMA? relevant to kerb of collocated (m) (Easting) (Northing) exposure (m) nearest with a 0 is at a road (m) continuous location of analyser? exposure

BRN6 Brandon - Roadside 578270 286467 NO2 No 7.6 1.5 No 2.1 London Rd/Coulson Lane

BRN7 Brandon - Kerbside 578073 286254 NO2 No 8.0 1.0 No 2.1 London Rd /Church Road

BRN8 Brandon - Roadside 578372 286774 NO2 No 0 1.5 No 2.2 Hellesdon House, High Street

BRN9 Brandon - Kerbside 578372 286867 NO2 No 3.3 0.3 No 2.2 Riverside Lodge, High Street

BRN10 Brandon - Roadside 578395 286633 NO2 No 0 - hourly 2.5 No 2.4 'Boots', High 0.5 -annual Street

BRN11 Brandon - Roadside 579160 286357 NO2 No 8.5 1.7 No 2.1 175 Thetford Rd

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BRN12 Brandon - 1 Roadside 578486 286558 NO2 No 0 1.7 No 2.1 Thetford Road

BRN13 Brandon - Roadside 578502 286484 NO2 No 4.5 2.0 No 2.1 25 George Street

BRN14 Brandon - Roadside 578479 286320 NO2 No 6.0 1.5 No 2.0 28 Bury Road

BRN15 Brandon - Roadside 578317 287103 NO2 No 3.6 1.5 No 2.2 92B High Street

LAK1 Lakenheath Kerbside 571378 282855 NO2 No 3.5 1.0 No 2.1 - Zebra Crossing

LAK2 Lakenheath Suburban 572071 281607 NO2 No 20 1.0 No 2.2 - Albert Rolph Drive

MLD1 Mildenhall – Roadside 571136 274878 NO2 No 1.5 1.9 No 2.1 8 North Terrace

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MLD2 Mildenhall – Roadside 571092 274785 NO2 No 0 1.8 No 2.3 2 Queensway

MLD3 Mildenhall - Roadside 571326 274780 NO2 No 0.5 2.0 No 2.1 14 Kingsway

ICK1 Icklingham Roadside 577266 272907 NO2 No 0.3 1.0 No 2.1

NMK1 Newmarket Roadside 564716 263502 NO2 Yes 0 2.0 No 2.2 – 23 Old Station Road

NMK2 Newmarket Kerbside 564689 263500 NO2 Yes 2.2 0.3 No 2.2 – 36 Old Station Road

NMK3 Newmarket Roadside 564707 263493 NO2 Yes 2.0 1.7 No 2.2 - Old Station Rd / Rous Road

NMK4 Newmarket Urban 564347 263340 NO2 No 0 – hourly 10.0 No 2.4 - Sun Lane Centre 12 - annual

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NMK5 Newmarket Kerbside 564337 263343 NO2 No 0 – hourly <1.0 No 2.2 - 'Café Nero' not applicable - crossing annual NMK6 Newmarket Roadside 564307 263338 No 0 – hourly 6.5 No 2.4 - 'KFC' 0 - annual downpipe

NMK7 Newmarket Kerbside 564233 263274 NO2 No 0 – hourly 1 .0 No 2.4 - 'White 5.9 - annual Hart' crossing

NMK8 Newmarket Urban 564138 263301 NO2 No 0 – hourly Not No 2.2 - Park area Background not applicable - applicable annual

NMK9 Newmarket Kerbside 564043 263159 NO2 No 3.0 0.6 No 2.4 - Blackbear lane/High St

NMK10 Newmarket Roadside 564362 263381 NO2 No 0 – hourly <1.0 No 2.5 - Taxi rank not applicable - annual

NMK11 Newmarket Urban 564380 263407 NO2 No 0 – hourly 11.0 No 2.0 - Market St Centre not applicable - 'EE' annual

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NMK12 Newmarket Roadside 564550 263544 NO2 No 0 – hourly 2.5 No 2.1 - Clock 0.3 - annual tower crossing

NMK13 Newmarket Urban 564516 263474 NO2 No 0 – hourly 13.0 No 2.4 - 'Cancer Centre not applicable - Research' annual downpipe

NMK14 Newmarket Kerbside 564480 263464 NO2 No 0 – hourly <1.0 No 2.4 - 'Rutland not applicable - Arms' annual crossing

NMK15 Newmarket Roadside 564383 263381 NO2 No 0 – hourly 2.5 No 2.3 - 'Savers' 5.5 -annual lamppost

NMK16 Newmarket Kerbside 564375 262849 NO2 No Not applicable <1.0 No 2.4 - Station Approach

NMK17 Newmarket Roadside 563397 264498 NO2 No 6.1 1.8 No 2.1 – Exning Road/Depot Road

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NMK18 Newmarket Other (A14 563205 265853 NO2 No 16 <1.0 No 2.3 - Nimbus back- (Nimbus Way ground) Way)

NMK19 Newmarket Kerbside 564626 263525 NO2 Yes 1.9 0.5 No 2.1 - Old Station Road, Nancy's Tearoom

BSE1 2 Roadside 586253 263147 NO2 Yes 0 1.7 No 2.1 Sicklesmere Road

BSE2 14 Roadside 586320 263053 NO2 No 0 4.0 No 2.0 Sicklesmere Road

BSE3 Cullum Roadside 585236 263746 NO2 No 0 3.4 No 2.0 Road roundabout

BSE4 Vinery Road Roadside 584776 263440 NO2 No 1.5 2.0 No 2.1

BSE5 Horringer Roadside 584703 263483 NO2 No 2.0 1.5 No 2.0 Road lights

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BSE6 Kings Road Roadside 584905 264171 NO2 No 2.4 2.4 No 2.2 roundabout

BSE7 Northgate Roadside 585446 264956 NO2 No 0 1.8 No 2.2 Lodge Roundabout

BSE8 Fornham Roadside 585461 265050 NO2 No 6.0 1.5 No 2.0 Road (Northgate roundabout)

BSE9 Fornham Roadside 585085 265924 NO2 No 2.8 1.5 No 2.2 Road (Tollgate)

BSE10 Samson Suburban 584498 266084 NO2 No 9.5 1.4 No 2.2 Close

BSE11 Eastgate Roadside 585940 264618 NO2 No 0 2.7 No 2.1 Street (Vinefields junction)

BSE12 8 Mustow Roadside 585728 264371 NO2 No 1.8 2.6 No 2.2 Street

BSE14 19F Mustow Roadside 585624 264334 NO2 No 0.2 2.3 No 2.2 Street

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BSE15 7 Roadside 586273 263135 NO2 Yes 0 1.2 No 2.0 Sicklesmere Road

BSE16 Northgate Roadside 585424 264977 NO2 No 0.4 1.2 No 2.2 Lodge Roundabout

BSE17 Tayfen Road Roadside 585264 264921 NO2 No Not applicable 2.1 No 1.9

BSE18 Southgate Roadside 586126 263328 NO2 No 0.2 1.6 No 1.9 Street

BSE19 Out Roadside 584618 264471 NO2 No 0.5 1.5 No 20 Risbygate

BSE20 Risbygate Roadside 585031 264466 NO2 No 0 3.4 No 2.0 Street

BSE21 Northgate Roadside 585555 264494 NO2 No 0 2.6 No 2.0 Street

BSE22 Churchgate Roadside 585508 264072 NO2 No 0 1.9 No 2.0 Street

BSE23 Guildhall Roadside 585285 263841 NO2 No 0.3 1.0 No 2.0 Street

BSE24 Hollow Road Roadside 586418 265179 NO2 No 9.2 1.7 No 2.0 Bridge

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BSE25 Ortewell Roadside 587455 264215 NO2 No 13.7 1.5 No 2.0 Road

BSE26 24 Kings Roadside 584957 264164 NO2 No 0 1.2 No 2.0 Road

BSE27 Westgate Roadside 585349 263781 NO2 No 0 1.6 No 2.0 Street

GB2 Downing Suburban 588917 267370 NO2 No 16.0 1.5 No 1.9 Drive

GB3 The Forge Roadside 589163 267013 NO2 No 4.0 1.4 No 2.3 Bungalows

GB4 Post Office Roadside 589130 266969 NO2 No 0 1.4 No 2.4

GB5 Church Roadside 588993 266838 NO2 No 22.0 1.3 No 2.2 Road junction

GB6 Post Office Roadside 589120 266960 NO2 Yes 0.3 1.0 No 2.4 2, Telegraph Pole

GB7 The Drift, 8 Roadside 589100 266941 NO2 Yes 0 1.1 No 2.2 The Street

GB8 Opposite Roadside 589093 266949 NO2 No Not applicable 1.3 No 2.1 AQMA 1

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GB9 Opposite Roadside 589117 266970 NO2 No Not applicable 1.3 No 2.1 AQMA 2

HH1 Shetland Suburban 568609 245575 NO2 No 8.7 1.7 No 2.3 Road

HH2 Wratting Roadside 567270 245981 NO2 No 3.0 1.8 No 2.1 Road

HH3 29 Roadside 566891 245892 NO2 No 2.4 1.7 No 2.2 Withersfield Road

HH5 22 Roadside 566941 245850 NO2 No 0.3 1.4 No 2.1 Withersfield Road

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 29 West Suffolk Council

Table A.2 – Annual mean NO2 monitoring results 3 Note: Exceedances of the NO2 annual mean objective of 40µg/m are shown in bold. There are no NO2 annual means 3 exceeding 60µg/m , which may indicate a potential exceedance of the NO2 one-hour mean objective being exceeded. Valid data NO annual mean concentration Valid 2 capture (µg/m3) (3) (4) X OS Grid Y OS Grid data Monitoring for Site ID ref ref Site type capture type monitoring (easting) (northing) 2019 period 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 (%) (2) (%) (1) Diffusion BRN1 578044 286249 Roadside 100 100 21.3 20.9 19.7 21.0 tube Diffusion BRN2 577993 286163 Roadside 92 92 33.2 31.5 28.6 26.4 tube Urban Diffusion BRN3 578406 286460 92 92 14.1 13.5 13.6 12.6 13.5 Centre tube Diffusion BRN4 578351 286503 Roadside 17 17 33.0 30.5 30.9 27.2 tube Diffusion BRN5 578206 286407 Roadside 58 58 39.4 37.7 37.4 31.1 27.4 tube Diffusion BRN6 578270 286467 Roadside 67 67 27.4 26.4 25.5 22.4 22.5 tube Diffusion BRN7 578073 286254 Kerbside 100 100 33.5 32.0 32.0 31.5 29.5 tube Diffusion BRN8 578372 286774 Roadside 83 83 26.3 23.4 24.0 22.6 23 tube Diffusion BRN9 578372 286867 Kerbside 83 83 27.9 29.6 31.0 28.2 22.5 tube Diffusion BRN10 578395 286633 Roadside 67 67 35.4 33.3 30.5 30.4 36.1 tube

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Valid data NO annual mean concentration Valid 2 capture (µg/m3) (3) (4) X OS Grid Y OS Grid data Monitoring for Site ID ref ref Site type capture type monitoring (easting) (northing) 2019 period 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 (%) (2) (%) (1) Diffusion BRN11 579160 286357 Roadside 0 0 17.3 17.6 18.4 tube Diffusion BRN12 578486 286558 Roadside 100 100 23.1 23.1 tube Diffusion BRN13 578502 286484 Roadside 86 50 18.0 18.7 tube Diffusion BRN14 578479 286320 Roadside 86 50 19.5 18.8 tube Diffusion BRN15 578317 287103 Roadside 92 92 28.1 27.9 tube Diffusion LAK1 571378 282855 Kerbside 100 100 18.7 20.0 19.0 18.4 19.7 tube Diffusion LAK2 572071 281607 Suburban 0 0 12.7 12.0 12.0 10.6 tube Diffusion MLD1 571136 274878 Roadside 92 92 23.3 23.7 21.8 25.9 tube Diffusion MLD2 571092 274785 Roadside 100 100 26.8 28.6 27.7 27.5 tube Diffusion MLD3 571326 274780 Roadside 100 100 35.5 34.3 36.4 34.0 33.2 tube Diffusion ICK1 577266 272907 Roadside 0 0 20.7 23.2 tube Diffusion NMK1 564716 263502 Roadside 100 100 25.3 25.7 24.3 23.9 tube

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Valid data NO annual mean concentration Valid 2 capture (µg/m3) (3) (4) X OS Grid Y OS Grid data Monitoring for Site ID ref ref Site type capture type monitoring (easting) (northing) 2019 period 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 (%) (2) (%) (1) Diffusion NMK2 564689 263500 kerbside 100 100 32.8 35.6 27.7 28.5 tube Diffusion NMK3 564707 263493 Roadside 100 100 32.1 29.8 31.6 26.6 27.1 tube Urban Diffusion NMK4 564347 263340 0 0 19.9 18.7 Centre tube Diffusion NMK5 564337 263343 Kerbside 100 100 33.4 31.7 32.8 29.4 28.7 tube Diffusion NMK6 564307 263338 Roadside 92 92 29.8 30.5 28.9 26.5 24.6 tube Diffusion NMK7 564233 263274 Kerbside 100 100 36.8 35.4 34.6 30.8 30.5 tube Urban Diffusion NMK8 564138 263301 Backgroun 58 58 14.0 14.6 14.4 13.8 14.0 tube d Diffusion NMK9 564043 263159 Kerbside 100 100 29.3 27.8 25.6 24.0 24.2 tube Diffusion NMK10 564362 263381 Roadside 100 100 40.0 39.4 36.6 34.7 33.1 tube Urban Diffusion NMK11 564380 263407 100 100 20.5 20.1 19.6 17.1 17.2 Centre tube Diffusion NMK12 564550 263544 Roadside 100 100 34.4 34.1 35.1 31.1 30.3 tube Urban Diffusion NMK13 564516 263474 0 0 20.6 20.6 Centre tube

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 32 West Suffolk Council

Valid data NO annual mean concentration Valid 2 capture (µg/m3) (3) (4) X OS Grid Y OS Grid data Monitoring for Site ID ref ref Site type capture type monitoring (easting) (northing) 2019 period 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 (%) (2) (%) (1) Diffusion NMK14 564480 263464 Kerbside 100 100 33.4 33.8 32.2 30.7 28.4 tube Diffusion NMK15 564383 263381 Roadside 83 83 34.6 34.3 33.6 29.5 29.4 tube Diffusion NMK16 564375 262849 Kerbside 0 0 13.9 12.5 13.7 tube Diffusion NMK17 563397 264498 Roadside 100 100 24.3 25.1 20.3 21.4 tube Other (A14 Diffusion NMK18 563205 265853 0 0 25.4 22.2 21.0 back- tube ground) Diffusion NMK19 564626 263525 Kerbside 100 100 36.6 32.4 31.0 tube Diffusion BSE1 586253 263147 Roadside 100 100 45.3 42.1 44.7 39.2 36.6 tube Diffusion BSE2 586320 263053 Roadside 100 100 31.2 30.0 29.5 27.4 25.0 tube Diffusion BSE3 585236 263746 Roadside 100 100 32.5 29.5 28.5 26.2 25.9 tube Diffusion BSE4 584776 263440 Roadside 0 0 25.8 23.6 tube Diffusion BSE5 584703 263483 Roadside 100 100 26.4 28.6 26.2 21.7 20.8 tube

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 33 West Suffolk Council

Valid data NO annual mean concentration Valid 2 capture (µg/m3) (3) (4) X OS Grid Y OS Grid data Monitoring for Site ID ref ref Site type capture type monitoring (easting) (northing) 2019 period 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 (%) (2) (%) (1) Diffusion BSE6 584905 264171 Roadside 100 100 37.5 41.5 38.7 39.4 32.7 tube Diffusion BSE7 585446 264956 Roadside 83 83 29.4 28.2 29.3 25.9 24.2 tube Diffusion BSE8 585461 265050 Roadside 92 92 29.1 30.3 29.9 30.7 27.9 tube Diffusion BSE9 585085 265924 Roadside 83 83 38.0 36.5 36.8 33.6 32.0 tube Diffusion BSE10 584498 266084 Suburban 0 0 13.4 12.9 13.5 12.6 tube Diffusion BSE11 585940 264618 Roadside 0 0 24.2 23.2 21.3 tube Diffusion BSE12 585728 264371 Roadside 0 0 24.2 23.5 22.4 tube Diffusion BSE14 585624 264334 Roadside 100 100 32.1 33.0 34.0 30.2 tube Diffusion BSE15 586273 263135 Roadside 100 100 41.5 37.6 36.0 30.1 tube Diffusion BSE16 585424 264977 Roadside 83 83 36.4 35.8 31.9 33.3 tube Diffusion BSE17 585264 264921 Roadside 83 83 33.0 35.6 31.3 37.2 tube Diffusion BSE18 586126 263328 Roadside 92 92 35.3 30.0 29.1 26.8 tube

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 34 West Suffolk Council

Valid data NO annual mean concentration Valid 2 capture (µg/m3) (3) (4) X OS Grid Y OS Grid data Monitoring for Site ID ref ref Site type capture type monitoring (easting) (northing) 2019 period 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 (%) (2) (%) (1) Diffusion BSE19 584618 264471 Roadside 100 58 30.8 29.4 tube Diffusion BSE20 585031 264466 Roadside 100 42 18.1 tube Diffusion BSE21 585555 264494 Roadside 100 42 26.7 tube Diffusion BSE22 585508 264072 Roadside 100 42 19.4 tube Diffusion BSE23 585285 263841 Roadside 100 42 18.4 tube Diffusion BSE24 586418 265179 Roadside 100 42 30.2 tube Diffusion BSE25 587455 264215 Roadside 100 42 16.3 tube Diffusion BSE26 584957 264164 Roadside 100 100 26.7 tube Diffusion BSE27 585349 263781 Roadside 83 83 23.1 tube Diffusion GB2 588917 267370 Suburban 100 100 10.1 10.0 11.4 10.3 10.5 tube Diffusion GB3 589163 267013 Roadside 100 100 36.0 31.2 31.8 26.2 27.2 tube Diffusion GB4 589130 266969 Roadside 100 100 40.9 37.9 36.0 32.7 29.1 tube

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 35 West Suffolk Council

Valid data NO annual mean concentration Valid 2 capture (µg/m3) (3) (4) X OS Grid Y OS Grid data Monitoring for Site ID ref ref Site type capture type monitoring (easting) (northing) 2019 period 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 (%) (2) (%) (1) Diffusion GB5 588993 266838 Roadside 100 100 35.1 32.9 32.2 30.2 27.4 tube Diffusion GB6 589120 266960 Roadside 92 92 48.5 45.1 tube Diffusion GB7 589100 266941 Roadside 97 97 46.9 40.8 tube Diffusion GB8 589093 266949 Roadside 100 100 40.8 33.1 tube Diffusion GB9 589117 266970 Roadside 92 92 41.3 34.3 tube Diffusion HH1 568609 245575 Suburban 100 100 13.3 13.0 14.3 12.3 12.1 tube Diffusion HH2 567270 245981 Roadside 92 92 32.0 30.7 31.1 28.8 28.5 tube Diffusion HH3 566891 245892 Roadside 92 92 38.3 34.1 36.3 33.8 31.2 tube Diffusion HH5 566941 245850 Roadside 100 100 36.5 32.6 33.1 30.0 tube

☒ Diffusion tube data has been bias corrected (confirm by selecting in box) ☒ Annualisation has been conducted where data capture is <75% (confirm by selecting in box) ☒ Reported concentrations are those at the location of the monitoring site (bias adjusted and annualised, as required), that is prior to any fall-off with distance adjustment (confirm by selecting in box)

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 36 West Suffolk Council

Notes: (1) Data capture for the monitoring period, in cases where monitoring was only carried out for part of the year. (2) Data capture for the full calendar year (for example if monitoring was carried out for 6 months, the maximum data capture for the full calendar year is 50%). (3) Means for diffusion tubes have been corrected for bias. All means have been annualised as per boxes 7.9 and 7.10 in LAQM.TG16 if valid data capture for the full calendar year is less than 75%. See Appendix C for details. (4) Concentrations are those at the location of monitoring and not those following any fall-off with distance adjustment.

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 37 West Suffolk Council

Appendix B: Full monthly diffusion tube results for 2019

Table B.1 - NO2 monthly diffusion tube results 2019 Note: Exceedances of the NO2 annual mean objective of 40µg/m3 are shown in bold. There are no NO2 annual means exceeding 60µg/m3, which may indicate a potential exceedance of the NO2 one-hour mean objective being exceeded. 3 Site X OS grid Y OS grid NO2 mean concentrations (µg/m ) ID ref ref Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annual mean (Easting) (Northing) Raw Bias Distance data adjusted corrected (0.75) and to nearest annualised relevant – see public appendix C exposure for details BRN1 578044 286249 32.8 35.1 25.8 24.3 20.6 24.8 21.1 24.6 24.2 30.1 41.4 31.1 28.0 21.0 20.2 BRN2 577993 286163 40.6 31.1 36.2 33.6 34.5 30.8 34.0 32.6 34.1 44.5 35.1 35.2 26.4 23.3 BRN3 578406 286460 24.7 24.5 14.8 12.7 12.1 10.5 15.7 14.2 18.6 28.6 21.9 18.0 13.5 BRN4 578351 286503 34.7 59.8 47.3 BRN5 578206 286407 47.7 34.4 32.7 24.4 29.2 37.3 49.9 36.5 27.4 21.7 BRN6 578270 286467 36.2 27.3 28.5 21.6 20.1 25.9 33.6 33.4 28.3 22.5 18.9 BRN7 578073 286254 37.3 47 24.7 44.7 34.3 41.7 34.6 38.9 33.8 44.2 53.5 37.7 39.4 29.5 22.4 BRN8 578372 286774 30.0 32.0 28.0 27.4 31.3 25.9 32.7 26.7 30.6 42.5 30.7 23.0 BRN9 578372 286867 42.6 35.4 30.2 17.0 16.6 28.2 29.5 29.7 45.6 25.7 30.1 22.5 18.9 BRN10 578395 286633 30.7 52.5 37.2 40.7 33.8 37.9 38.6 58.1 41.2 36.1 35.1

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 38 West Suffolk Council

3 Site X OS grid Y OS grid NO2 mean concentrations (µg/m ) ID ref ref Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annual mean (Easting) (Northing) Raw Bias Distance data adjusted corrected (0.75) and to nearest annualised relevant – see public appendix C exposure for details BRN12 578486 286558 35.1 33.3 32.2 25.1 27.8 27.1 27.1 30.2 27.6 31.9 41.3 31.4 30.8 23.1 BRN13 578502 286484 29.9 20.8 18.0 18.7 20.8 19.2 21.2 18.7 17.3 BRN14 578479 286320 29.8 31.5 22.9 23.1 19.9 21.6 24.8 18.8 16.9 BRN15 578317 287103 40.0 38.2 41.6 31.6 36.1 29.4 33.3 33.0 39.5 51.1 35.7 37.2 27.9 24.0 LAK1 571378 282855 33.7 39.2 20.4 24.6 20.4 23.1 17.4 23.0 21.0 26.2 37.6 28.8 26.3 19.7 17.8 MLD1 571136 274878 37.2 35.4 29.2 32.5 34.6 33.7 30.3 28.8 35.2 46.8 36.1 34.5 25.9 24.2 MLD2 571092 274785 40.7 44.9 32.3 35.6 30.6 36.6 30.6 38.3 32.7 33.6 45.7 38.4 36.7 27.5 MLD3 571326 274780 39.2 58.5 42.3 43.9 37.5 43.8 37.3 44.1 36.9 44.7 58.0 45.2 44.3 33.2 32.2 NMK1 564716 263502 41.7 34.5 30.4 32.8 27.2 27.6 24.5 27.0 25.2 31.0 34.7 30.4 30.6 22.9 NMK2 564689 263500 45.4 43.0 36.6 28.4 32.9 34.9 33.0 39.3 34.6 37.2 48.8 41.6 38.0 28.5 23.5 NMK3 564707 263493 42.3 44.7 36.6 25.4 32.6 32.6 31.0 34.5 31.1 35.2 47.7 40.5 36.2 27.1 24.8 NMK5 564337 263343 45.6 38.8 36.0 42.4 31.9 36.7 30.9 34.5 32.5 41.9 47.8 40.0 38.3 28.7 NMK6 564307 263338 39.5 34.4 31.2 27.7 30.1 29.9 29.7 29.6 33.6 42.1 32.7 32.8 24.6 NMK7 564233 263274 41.0 43.6 42.5 34.4 40.0 39.5 40.1 39.6 33.5 41.6 52.6 40.0 40.7 30.5 24.1

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 39 West Suffolk Council

3 Site X OS grid Y OS grid NO2 mean concentrations (µg/m ) ID ref ref Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annual mean (Easting) (Northing) Raw Bias Distance data adjusted corrected (0.75) and to nearest annualised relevant – see public appendix C exposure for details NMK8 564138 263301 15.4 12.9 16.2 13.3 18.6 30.0 21.9 18.3 14.0 NMK9 564043 263159 35.4 36.5 28.7 30.9 26.5 30.8 24.5 25.8 29.3 40.6 47.9 30.9 32.3 24.2 20.9 NMK10 564362 263381 61.6 43.0 43.9 31.0 42.5 40.5 39.7 39.3 37.7 45.0 56.1 49.1 44.1 33.1 NMK11 564380 263407 30.6 28.9 21.3 22.9 17.4 19.7 15.4 21.1 19.2 24.9 26.8 26.6 22.9 17.2 NMK12 564550 263544 52.0 49.7 32.8 36.8 35.0 37.5 32.3 37.6 37.5 41.0 46.4 46.9 40.5 30.3 29.8 NMK14 564480 263464 37.5 40.2 35.8 37.2 32.2 35.1 31.9 35.3 33.7 41.2 52.1 42.0 37.9 28.4 NMK15 564383 263381 44.1 45.3 35.6 37.5 38.4 38.7 30.1 33.2 43 46.5 39.2 29.4 25.0 NMK17 563397 264498 38.6 35.3 23.9 23.1 20.4 24.8 21.2 25.6 24.9 30.0 40.5 34.7 28.6 21.4 18.9 NMK19 564626 263525 50.5 46.0 39.6 35.7 34.9 39.6 34.9 39.9 35.5 42.6 52.9 43.2 41.3 31.0 26.3 BSE1 586253 263147 57.4 56.2 47.8 40.2 42.4 36.8 49.5 44.5 46.8 48.3 65.5 49.7 48.8 36.6 BSE2 586320 263053 37.8 43.2 36.3 25.8 28.9 23.3 29.8 29.4 31.6 38.4 41.7 33.4 33.3 25.0 BSE3 585236 263746 43.5 44.4 32.7 30.9 29.6 22.8 29.7 29.7 34.4 36.5 43.7 36.5 34.5 25.9 BSE5 584703 263483 35.8 31.2 25.3 30.2 22.3 19.4 24.0 20.0 25.7 30.1 40.2 28.8 27.8 20.8 18.9 BSE6 584905 264171 51.4 56.6 44.5 41.5 38.7 36.1 37.6 35.8 38.4 42.9 54.0 45.8 43.6 32.7 28.9

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 40 West Suffolk Council

3 Site X OS grid Y OS grid NO2 mean concentrations (µg/m ) ID ref ref Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annual mean (Easting) (Northing) Raw Bias Distance data adjusted corrected (0.75) and to nearest annualised relevant – see public appendix C exposure for details BSE7 585446 264956 29.8 35.7 31.3 35.9 26.4 23.9 30.8 35.0 41.6 32.0 32.2 24.2 BSE8 585461 265050 46.6 43.2 28.3 43.2 32.8 24.7 28.7 26.0 37.8 58.0 39.7 37.2 27.9 21.8 BSE9 585085 265924 50.8 53.1 49.0 38.7 38.0 28.9 37.5 39.9 41.6 49.8 42.7 32.0 27.0 BSE14 585624 264334 34.1 52.2 37.6 44.2 32.7 31.8 35.1 38.6 32.9 46.1 54.0 43.6 40.2 30.2 29.8 BSE15 586273 263135 32.5 47.8 39.7 44.4 32.0 19.3 31.4 28.3 37.8 49.6 69.0 50.3 40.2 30.1 BSE16 585424 264977 49.3 56.3 43.5 45.1 34.2 31.9 35.0 48.1 57.8 42.8 44.4 33.3 31.9 BSE17 585264 264921 41.6 56.7 47.6 41.2 43.1 43.7 49.5 55.7 63.1 53.2 49.5 37.2 BSE18 586126 263328 41.3 42.4 30.2 44.9 26.4 26.4 31.6 25.5 40.1 53.2 31.2 35.7 26.8 26.4 BSE19 584618 264471 40.7 52.2 33.8 35.9 32.9 28.8 30.7 36.4 29.4 28.2 BSE20 585031 264466 24.4 21.2 23.7 35.6 27.9 26.6 18.1 BSE21 585555 264494 33.8 34.9 39.9 47.2 39.9 39.1 26.7 BSE22 585508 264072 20.6 23.4 29.6 39.9 28.8 28.5 19.4 BSE23 585285 263841 18.5 22.2 30.8 37.3 26.3 27.0 18.4 18.0 BSE24 586418 265179 37.2 40.8 39.9 54.9 48.8 44.3 30.2 21.9

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 41 West Suffolk Council

3 Site X OS grid Y OS grid NO2 mean concentrations (µg/m ) ID ref ref Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annual mean (Easting) (Northing) Raw Bias Distance data adjusted corrected (0.75) and to nearest annualised relevant – see public appendix C exposure for details BSE25 587455 264215 13.9 21.7 24.9 35.3 23.5 23.9 16.3 13.4 BSE26 584957 264164 38.3 52.1 33.5 35.4 27.6 25 30.9 30.9 32.3 41.9 44.8 34.8 35.6 26.7 BSE27 585349 263781 32.5 29.4 26.9 24.6 27.2 28.4 28 33.8 46.3 30.8 30.8 23.1 GB2 588917 267370 19.7 21.3 12.0 10.7 8.2 6.0 7.6 18.4 11.9 14.3 20.9 16.9 14.0 10.5 GB3 589163 267013 42.2 50.0 35.9 28.1 26.7 23.0 30.7 32.3 37.8 42.6 46.3 39.1 36.2 27.2 22.3 GB4a 589130 266969 48.2 45.0 44.0 37.9 31.6 27.6 32.0 29.1 37.5 41.2 52.8 35.0 38.5 28.9 GB4b 588993 266838 43.7 48.9 42.0 38.5 32.0 25.3 34.1 27.4 38.2 42.0 41.4 38.0 37.6 28.2 GB4c 589120 266960 44.4 46.7 40.7 37.3 36.8 28.9 38.7 30.4 42.4 48.3 57.5 32.9 40.4 30.3 GB5 588993 266838 40.9 46.9 33.4 34.4 34.9 28.5 29.7 34.8 35.8 40.5 46.2 33.0 36.6 27.4 17.0 GB6 589120 266960 63.3 72.3 53.5 56.2 54.4 42.0 56.6 52.3 61.0 72.9 76.6 60.1 45.1 43.3 GB7a 589100 266941 57.7 65.9 51.1 59.6 58.2 41.3 47.3 47.1 48.2 64.2 73.3 48.8 55.2 41.4 GB7b 589093 266949 62.4 68.7 50.5 57.4 51.0 43.6 50.0 45.7 46.5 63.8 57.9 52.8 54.2 40.6 GB7c 589117 266970 66.0 52.9 55.3 47.5 40.3 47.9 48.3 52.0 62.2 69.7 50.2 53.8 40.4 GB8 589093 266949 59.9 59.8 43.4 42.1 43.1 31.3 42.2 39.4 46.1 48.6 46.5 45.7 34.3

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 42 West Suffolk Council

☒ National bias adjustment factor used ☒ Annualisation has been conducted where data capture is <75% ☒ Where applicable, data has been distance corrected for relevant exposure in the final column

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 43 West Suffolk Council Appendix C: Supporting technical information and air quality monitoring data QA/QC

Bias adjustment

All diffusion tube data monitoring was undertaken in line with the Defra monitoring regime with monthly exposures. No local co- location study took place and therefore the national diffusion tube bias adjustment spreadsheet was used on all tubes in the West Suffolk area and a value of 0.75 adopted. A screenshot from the Defra diffusion tube bias factor database is provided as Figure C1, overleaf, which shows how we calculated the value of 0.75.

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 44 West Suffolk Council Figure C1: Bias adjustment data

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 45 West Suffolk Council Annualisation

Annualisation was undertaken at a number of sites where less than 75% data recovery was achieved. As no automatic monitoring is undertaken in close vicinity to West Suffolk, three background sites (NMK11, GB2 and HH1) with 100% data collection were used as controls within the annualisation process. Please note that in line with Defra guidelines, BRN4 could not be annualised as only two diffusion tubes were recovered and a minimum of three is required for annualization. Results from the annualisation are given below:

Background sites used

Background Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Unadjusted sites annual mean Newmarket Market 30.6 28.9 21.3 22.9 17.4 19.7 15.4 21.1 19.2 24.9 26.8 26.6 22.90 Street Great Barton 19.7 21.3 12.0 10.7 8.2 6.0 7.6 18.4 11.9 14.3 20.9 16.9 13.99 Downing Close Haverhill Shetland 23.0 27.3 16.4 10.1 9.9 7.2 11.8 9.5 14.3 18.3 25.8 19.3 16.08 Road

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 46 West Suffolk Council BSE19 – Out Risbygate

Reason for annualisation – Tubes regularly missing.

Annualisation Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Unadjusted Annuali- site annual sation mean ratio BSE19 Out 40.7 52.2 33.8 35.9 32.9 28.8 30.7 36.43 - Risbygate Background sites Newmarket 30.6 28.9 21.3 22.9 17.4 19.7 15.4 22.31 0.974 Market Street Great Barton 19.7 21.3 12.0 10.7 8.2 6.0 7.6 12.21 0.873 Downing Close Haverhill 23.0 27.3 16.4 10.1 9.9 7.2 11.8 15.10 0.939 Shetland Road Average annualisation ratio 0.929 BSE19 true value = Unadjusted annual mean ÷ average annualisation ratio BSE19 true value = 36.43 ÷ 0.929 BSE19 true value = 39.22

LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 47 West Suffolk Council BSE20 – Risbygate Street

Reason for annualisation – Monitoring didn’t start until August 2019.

Annualisation Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Unadjusted Annuali- site annual sation mean ratio BSE20 24.4 21.2 23.7 35.6 27.9 26.56 - Risbygate Street Background sites Newmarket 21.1 19.2 24.9 26.8 26.6 23.72 1.036