COMPLIMENTARY $2.95 2017 YOUR COMPLETE GUIDE TO THE PARKS

ACTIVITIES • SIGHTSEEING • DINING • LODGING TRAILS • HISTORY • MAPS • MORE

OFFICIAL PARTNERS This summer, Yamaha launches a new Star motorcycle designed to help you journey further…than you ever thought possible. To see the road ahead, visit YamahaMotorsports.com/Journey-Further

Some motorcycles shown with custom parts, accessories, paint and bodywork. Dress properly for your ride with a helmet, eye protection, long sleeves, long pants, gloves and boots. Yamaha and the Motorcycle Safety Foundation encourage you to ride safely and respect the environment. For further information regarding the MSF course, please call 1-800-446-9227. Do not drink and ride. It is illegal and dangerous. ©2017 Yamaha Motor Corporation, U.S.A. All rights reserved. BLEED AREA

PLAN YOUR VISIT TRIM SIZE WELCOME LIVE AREA

Welcome to Shenandoah National Park! Established in the heart of the Appalachians FUN FACTS in 1935, the park owes much of its construc- Zion National Park tion, masonry and landscaping to the Civilian is the result of erosion, Conservation Corps. The creation of the park sedimentary uplift, and allowed the forces of nature to regenerate the Stephanie Shinmachi. scenic mountain terrain, which now provides 8 ⅞ a refuge for nearby urban populations. In 1936, President Franklin Delano Roos- evelt dedicated Shenandoah National Park to 8 ⅜ “this and to succeeding generations for the recreation and the re-creation” they would Established: Shenandoah National Park find here. 7 ⅜ was established in 1935. Like generations before you, you can ex- Natural Features: The park plore, relax, and join us in securing the same features 300 square miles of the Blue memorable Shenandoah experience for fu- 5 ⅞ Ridge Mountains, rising above the ture generations. Shenandoah needs your Piedmont to the east and the support to ensure it will be preserved and 5 ⅜ to the west, with two protected for many years to come. Enjoy the peaks rising above 4,000 feet. park, but be respectful at all times. 4 ¾ Popular Activities: Hiking, camping, fish- With the support of the American people, ing, wildlife viewing, horseback riding and the (NPS) works to pro- many more recreational activities await tect this landscape and its visitors. The NPS you at the park. and concessioner Delaware North Compa- Plants & Animals: More than 1,400 nies (Delaware North at Shenandoah National ­vascular plants, 100 trees and 300 spe- Park) work in partnership to ensure that your cies of animals thrive in the park. Deer, visit is a memorable one. squirrels and groundhogs are common This American Park Network guide to sights. Shenandoah National Park is home Shenandoah is provided by Delaware North to one of the largest concentrations of to enhance your appreciation and enjoyment black bears in the United States. of the park. The booklet has been made pos- Scenic Driving: Skyline Drive, the park’s sible by the support of the sponsors whose scenic byway, has more than 75 overlooks messages appear inside. We hope this guide with scenic views for miles. will become your companion while you ex- Hiking: More than 500 miles of trails plore Shenandoah National Park. Take it along lead to stunning views of waterfalls, spec- while you hike, mark it up with notes and en- tacular mountain vistas and lush forests. joy! Don’t forget to pass it along to a friend, Camping: There are four campgrounds family member or even a complete stranger. in the park. Backcountry camping is al- The best way to ensure the future of the park Join the community at lowed with a permit. nationalparks.org is to encourage others to experience it!

2 SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK |

APN Ads_fullpage.indd 2 4/28/16 1:01 PM CONTENTS

Welcome 2

American Park Network® publishes What’s New! 6 OhRanger.com, Oh, Ranger! ParkFinder™ and Oh, Ranger!® guides —a collection of visitor Plan Your Visit 8 guides for public lands all across America. American Park Network is an official partner of the National Forest Foundation, National Parks Park Regulations & Safety 13 Conservation Association, National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, American Hiking Society and Who’s Who at the Park 16 the Student Conservation Association. Visitor Services 18 Publisher & Editor-in-Chief MARK J. SAFERSTEIN Preservation 21 Associate Publisher & Executive Editor Savings can take you to sights. Joel S. Saferstein Sights To See 25 Group Sales & Partnerships Director Savings can take you to amazing sights. Alex Frenkel Centerfold Map amazing EDITORIAL / PRODUCTION Things To Do 29 Managing Editor: Kate Morgan Editors: Nell Alk, Monette A. Bailey, Scott Deckman, Cinnamon Janzer, Julie McCool, Walking & Hiking 36 Renee Sklarew, Andy M. Smith Proofreader: Shannon Kronstadt Camping 41 Graphic Designers: Mario Arce, Dennisse Cruz, Mike Dion, Yamileth Recinos, Tatiana Hurtado History & Culture 42 DIGITAL AD Technology Managers: Scott Falconer, Josh Eckstein Lodging & Dining 46

ADVERTISING SALES & MARKETING (212) 581-3380 Nature & Wildlife 48 [email protected] Business Development: Sharon Burson, Photography 52 Randy Burton, Mary Pat Kaleth, Pat Keane, Craig King, Kristi Rummel Just for Kids 54 Operations Manager: Matthew Price

American Park Network If You Only Have a Day 56 41 East 11th Street, 11th Floor, NY, NY 10003 @OhRanger ©2017 APN MEDIA, LLC · All Rights Reserved Oh, Ranger! and American Park Network Cover: A waterfall runs through moss- are registered trademarks of APN Media, LLC. covered rocks in Shenandoah National Park.

PEFC Certified Credit: Aimi N. Tang/iStock

This product is from sustainably managed forests and controlled sources geico.com | 1-877-434-2678 | Local Oce PEFC/29-31-75 www.pefc.org The publisher of this guide and the advertisers herein are not GET THE APP! affiliated with, or endorsed by, the National Park Service. geico.com | 1-877-434-2678 | Local Oce IT’S FREE! DOWNLOAD NOW FOR MORE INFORMATION Some discounts, coverages, payment plans and features are not available in all states or all GEICO companies. Distribution requests For answers to all your questions, GEICO is a registered service mark of Government Employees Insurance Company, Washington, D.C. 20076; [email protected] go to .com Some discounts, coverages, paymenta Berkshire plans Hathaway and features Inc. subsidiary. are not available © 2017 in GEICO all states or all GEICO companies. OhRanger GEICO is a registered service mark of Government Employees Insurance Company, Washington, D.C. 20076; Oh, Ranger! Wi-Fi™ installation/sponsorship a Berkshire Hathaway Inc. subsidiary. © 2017 GEICO [email protected] PLAN YOUR VISIT WHAT’S NEW! WHY PARKS MATTER

There is nothing so American as our national parks. – Franklin Delano Roosevelt ®

Access to parks is one of the things that’s truly great about life in America. Not just na- tional parks, like FDR stated, but all parks. Parks afford everyone, regardless of race, income, Mark, Joel & Alex – Support parks, stay healthy! social status or age, the opportunity to escape Take a deep breath in a park and you’ll immedi- the concrete jungle and step into the wild. It ately know the value of greenspace. doesn’t matter whether it’s a small step into a Health & Wellness Studies show a high local park or a giant leap into the backcountry. correlation between time spent in parks and The effect is the same. Time in nature feels improved health (and, in my view, happiness). good. Other values that parks bring may be You move more when you’re outside, which de- less obvious. Since we take care of the things creases stress, makes you more fit and reduces we value, I’d like to highlight a few other ben- the risk of many health issues, such as diabetes, efits we all receive from public lands: high blood pressure and heart disease. Exercise Economic Impact America’s federal, state (which parks inspire) also positively impacts your and local parks and public lands generate $200 cholesterol levels. A few years ago, I started bi- billion in annual economic activity and support cycling to work every day. A year later, my over- more than one million jobs! You might help a all cholesterol went down while my HDL—the AD dozen businesses during a weekend hiking trip. “good” cholesterol—went up. The results of Imagine the impact of a week-long national park a small change in your exercise routine can be adventure. Parks raise property values, too! amazing! Parks invite this change. Conservation Trees produce the oxygen The value of parks is undeniable, so follow we need to survive, but did you know that FDR’s lead and support our public lands. It’s they also help save money? It’s estimated that the all-American thing to do. (Congress, take trees in cities save $400 billion in costs to re- note!) You’ll save the country money while im- tain stormwater. A single tree can store 100 proving our nation’s health—and your own, too. gallons or more, which helps keep streets from Not a bad combination! flooding and reduces the need for artificial stor- age facilities. A tree can also absorb as much as three tons of carbon gas during its lifetime. [email protected] Five national parks GET CONNECTED AT YOUR FAVORITE PARKS! One iconic American road trip VisitUtah.com/itineraries Parks are about enjoying nature, but what if you want to share a great picture or are awaiting an important email? If you’re looking to add connectivity to your park, or if you already have Wi-Fi and would like help adding content or generating sponsor revenues, please let us know at [email protected]. ®

6 SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK |

159 W. BROADWAY STE 200 TEL 801 531 0122 SALT LAKE CITY UTAH 84101 FAX 801 531 0123

Client: UOT Publication: American Park Network Magazine Job #: 16-UOT-1731 Road To Mighty Issue: Due to Vendor 4/7 File: 16-UOT-1731 RTM_Brothers_AmericanPark_170407.pdf Bleed: 5.875” w x 8.875” h File Created: 03/27/2017 Trim: 5.375” w x 8.375” h Agency Contact: Robyn Reynolds Live: 4.75” w x 7.375” h Phone: 801-531-0122 Colors: 4C Email: [email protected] PLAN YOUR VISIT PLAN YOUR VISIT

GETTING TO SHENANDOAH Shenandoah Valley Regional Airport, 18 Air: The park’s south entrances at miles northeast of Staunton or 14 miles and are ser- south of Harrisonburg on Highway 256, viced by commercial­ flights to Charlot- (540) 234-8304 or flyshd.com. Dulles In- tesville-Albemarle Airport, which is eight ternational Airport is 1.5 hours east of the miles north of Charlottesville on Highway junction of U.S. 211 and Skyline Drive, and 29, (434) 973-8342 or gocho.com; and east of the junction of I-66 and U.S. 340 at Front Royal. For more information, visit metwashairports.com. Bus: Greyhound offers bus service to nearby Charlottesville, Virginia. To make reservations, please visit greyhound.com. Train: Amtrak serves nearby Charlot- tesville, Virginia. For more information about pricing and schedules, please call (800) 872-7245 or visit amtrak.com. Rental Cars: Agencies operate at the air- ports and major surrounding cities outside of the park. Note: Keep in mind there is no public transportation into the park. Visitors must find their own way into the park. AD

ENTRANCE FEES AND FEDERAL RECREATION LANDS PASSES A federal recreation pass is helpful if you plan to visit many national parks, forests or other federal lands. For information, call (888) 275-8747 or visit store.usgs.gov/pass.

Type Cost Availability Details

Annual This one-year pass is available on site, by $80 General Public Pass phone or online (see above).

Senior This lifetime pass is available on site or via mail $10 U.S. residents age 62+ Pass order. ID required.

Military U.S. military members and This one-year pass is available on site. Pre-Collision1 with Pedestrian Free Pass their dependents ID (CAC Card or DoD Form 1173) required. Detection2 standard.

Access U.S. residents with perma- This lifetime pass is available on site or via mail Free Pedestrians can come out of nowhere. So Pre-Collision with Pedestrian Detection can help spot them and brake Pass nent disabilities order. ID and documentation required. for you. It’s just one of the standard Toyota Safety Sense™ P (TSS-P)3 features that give you more peace of mind.

Volunteer 250 cumulative volunteer Inquire locally to obtain information about this Free Options shown. Dramatization. 1. The TSS Pre-Collision System is designed to help avoid or reduce the crash speed and damage in certain frontal collisions only. It is not a substitute for safe and attentive driving. System effectiveness is Pass service hours one-year pass. dependent on road, weather and vehicle conditions. See Owner’s Manual for additional limitations and details. 2. The Pedestrian Detection system is designed to detect a pedestrian ahead of the vehicle, determine if impact is imminent and help reduce impact speed. It is not a substitute for safe and attentive driving. System effectiveness depends on many factors, such as speed, size and position of pedestrians, and weather, light and road conditions. See Owner’s Manual for additional limitations and details. 3. Drivers are responsible for their own safe driving. Always pay attention to your surroundings and drive safely. Depending on the conditions of roads, weather and the vehicle, the system(s) may not work as intended. See Owner’s Manual for additional limitations and details. ©2017 Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc. 8 SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK |

S A ATCHI & S A ATCHI LOS ANGELES • 3501 SEPULVEDA BLVD . • TORRANCE, CA • 90505 • 310 - 214 - 6000 SIZE: Bleed: 5-7/8" x 8-7/8" Trim: 5-3/8" x 8-3/8" Live: 4-3/4" x 7-3/8" Mechanical is 100% of final BY DATE W/C DATE BY DATE W/C DATE No. of Colors: 4C Type prints: Gutter: LS: Output is 100% of final Project Manager Diversity Review Panel Print Producer Assist. Account Executive CLIENT: TMS Advertising EXECUTIVE CREATIVE DIRECTORS: F. Costa Studio Manager Account Executive JOB TITLE: MY17 Prius Print — Cellphone CREATIVE DIRECTOR: R. Braga Production Director Account Supervisor PRODUCT CODE: 120311- PRI ASSC. CREATIVE DIRECTORS: Art Buyer Management Director AD UNIT: 4CPB COPYWRITER: D. Sorgan Proofreading CLIENT Art Director TRACKING NO: 04652 PE ART DIRECTOR: L. Borges Ad Mgr./Administrator •Chief Creative Officer PRODUCTION DATE: March 2017 PRINT PRODUCER: R. Dallas-Noble Ph: 310.214.6233 National Ad Mgr. •Exec. Creative Director MECHANICAL NUMBER: ______STUDIO ARTIST: V. Lee Ph: 310.214.6224 VOG •Creative Director SHOT NO: PRS_MY17_0174_V001 •Assc. Creative Director Corp. Mgr., Mkt. Comm. V.P. Marketing Copywriter •Assc. Creative Director Legal/Product PROOF NUMBER ––––––––––––– SPECIAL INFO: Bill to B1194-006516-00 Product TMS Diversity Binder

109184 Saatchi & Saatchi Oris EG M9184_04652PE_Prius_Cellphone_5375x8375 05/03/17 PMSxxxx PMSxxxx PMSxxxx PMSxxxx 2:56 PM PLAN YOUR VISIT PLAN YOUR VISIT

PARK VISITOR GUIDE side of Skyline Drive as you head south. NPS The NPS park visitor guide details sea- They are numbered from north to south, sonal information about the park, such as beginning with Mile 0 at the junction of ranger program schedules. It can be found U.S. 340. For your convenience, “mile” in all visitor centers in the park as well as at references are included throughout this the entrances. guide for a variety of services.

PARK ENTRANCES ENTRANCE FEES There are four entrances to Shenan- Shenandoah National Park is one of doah. Front Royal Entrance Station in more than 130 national park sites that the north (Mile 0.6) is reachable via U.S. charges an entrance fee. As of January 340 and Highway 55. 17, 2017, park entrance pass fees will Entrance Station (Mile 31.5) is eas- go up for vehicles (from $20 to $25) and ily reached via U.S. 211. Swift Run Gap motorcycles (from $15 to $20). Individual Entrance Station (Mile 65.7) is easy to fees will stay at $10 per person. All these get to via U.S. 33. Rockfish Gap En- passes are good for seven days. An an- trance Station is the fourth entrance. It nual park pass will go up from $40 to $50. is located in the south (Mile 104.9) and Federal lands passes (see page 8) are accessible via I-64 and U.S. 250. GPS accepted as well. There are a variety of systems are often unreliable. passes available. Visit nps.gov/shen for Note: To help you find features, facili- more information. Eighty percent of the ties and services, concrete mile mark- fees collected are returned to Shenandoah ers have been placed on the right-hand for a variety of projects (see page 22). The other 20% goes to support parks that do not charge an entrance fee. FUN FACTS EVERY KID IN A PARK To help engage and create our next Q. WHAT IS AN generation of park visitors, supporters ACTIVITY I DON’T and advocates, the Obama Administra- WANT TO MISS? tion, in partnership with the Federal Land A. Ranger Programs! Management agencies, launched the Ev- Rangers lead hikes, walks ery Kid in a Park initiative. The immediate and talks every day during goal is to provide an opportunity for each the summer and most days during and every fourth-grade student across the spring and fall. Joining a Ranger for a country to experience their federal public special activity is the best way to get lands and waters in person. to know your park. Stop at a visitor center or look in the visitor guide for All kids in the fourth grade have access a schedule. to their own Every Kid in a Park pass at www.everykidinapark.gov. This pass For answers to all your questions, admits the pass owner and any accom- go to . OhRanger com panying passengers in a private non-com- Shenandoah has something to offer visitors in all seasons. In the spring and summer, wildflowers mercial vehicle to the park. bloom. The fall offers a color spectacular, and the park in winter is a tranquil paradise.

10 SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK | | SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK 11 PLAN YOUR VISIT PARK REGULATIONSPLAN YOUR VISIT You can obtain the pass by visiting Saturday and Sunday the rest of the year, everykidinapark.gov and you must print it weather permitting. Exhibits and videos & SAFETY and present it at the park. The Every Kid in a about Shenandoah stories and resources Park pass is valid until August 31, 2017. are available. The following park regulations are in- A new mobile visitor center operated out tended to enhance your enjoyment of the

VISITOR CENTERS of a colorful Sprinter van is now serving park. They are designed to protect the park, Cam Orhan There are two visitor information the park’s south district. The van is most its wildlife and its visitors. Please remember ­centers in Shenandoah. Dates and times often parked at Beagle Gap (Mile 99.5), but to practice Leave No Trace principles. Take of operation may vary. Refer to the visitor also visits other nearby areas as well. your trash, and any left by others, out of the guide, call the park recorded phone mes- Visitors can learn the stories behind park with you and leave the park cleaner sages number at (540) 999-3500, or visit the creation of Shenandoah and its evolu- than you found it. See the “Preservation” nps.gov/shen, . tion into the park we love today through chapter for more information. Dickey Ridge Visitor Center (Mile an interactive exhibit at Byrd Visitor Cen- 4.6), is open from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. from ter. Visit nps.gov/shen to find opening/ FIREARMS early April through November. Built in closing dates. Visit nps.gov/shen/parkmgmt/ 1938, and listed on the National Register The large open area across from the lawsandpolicies.htm for information of Historic Places, the visitor center is a visitor center is a rare high-elevation about carrying firearms in the park. Black bears are common in Shenandoah. comfortable place where visitors can view meadow and most certainly worth a visit. If you see one, keep your distance! exhibits and an introductory video. Be sure to ask at the visitor center about FIRES Harry F. Byrd, Sr. Visitor Center (Mile ranger-led tours of the meadow and sur- Wood fires are permitted only in existing nps.gov/shen to download a copy of the 51), named for the former Virginia sena- rounding area. fireplaces at campgrounds and established most recent fishing regulations. tor, is open from 9 a.m.-5 p.m., daily, from Park information, backcountry permits, picnic grounds. Do not bring wood into the late March through late fall, and Friday, Junior Ranger information and souvenir park. Firewood must be gathered or pur- OFF-HIGHWAY VEHICLES pass­port stamps are available at both visi- chased within the park. Backcountry camp- All motor vehicles and bicycles must tor centers in the park. You can also find ers must use camp stoves. remain on paved areas. No off-road riding of IMPORTANT NUMBERS books, maps, hiking guides and other inter- any kind is permitted on trails or fire roads pretive materials for sale at these locations. CAMPING or in grassy, open areas. The maximum park Current Park Information (540) 999-3500 If you’d like to learn more about the There are four campgrounds in the speed limit is 35 mph. nps.gov/shen park, there are several publications that park. See the “Camping” chapter for more Emergency (800) 732- 0911 delve into its history, geology and wild- information about using the park’s camp- PETS Relay Center/TDD (800) 828 -1120 life. Many titles are sold at park stores grounds. Those interested in a wilderness Pets are permitted in Shenandoah but (from VA) managed by the Shenandoah National experience should review the regulations to must be on a leash no more than six feet Park Association. For specific titles, see obtain a permit to backcountry camp. long at all times. Pets are allowed in all Voice (800) 828 -1140 the Trail Guide sidebar in the “Sights to campgrounds and in a limited number of Lodging Reservations (877) 247-9261 See” chapter. FISHING lodge rooms at Skyland, and (Skyland, Big Meadows, goshenandoah.com Fishing is allowed in the park, but spe- Lewis Mountain, but not in public buildings, Lewis Mountain Cabins) STOP-OFFS cial regulations exist for certain streams. on conducted walks and hikes or on trails Campground (877) 444-6777 There are several stop-offs along Virginia residents 16 and over must have marked with a “No Pets” sign. Check the Reservations recreation.gov ­Skyline Drive that sell souvenirs, a Virginia fishing license. Nonresidents 12 park visitor guide for a listing of trails closed Lost & Found (540) 999-3500 ­groceries, jewelry and more. To find out and older must also have a license. Visit to pets. In developed areas, visitors must more about the locations of the stop- dgif.state.va.us/fishing to learn how to dispose of pet droppings by wrapping them Shenandoah National (540) 999-3582 offs and specific mileposts, please see obtain a fishing license. See the “Things in paper or aluminum foil and discarding Park Association snpbooks.org the “Visitor Services” chapter. to Do” chapter for more information. Visit them in a trash container. Service animals

12 SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK | | SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK 13 PARK REGULATIONS & SAFETY PARK REGULATIONS & SAFETY

NATURAL RESOURCES HIKING paste, makeup, fragrant items and soiled PACKING ESSENTIALS Water is a valuable and sometimes scarce Hiking off-trail is unsafe, damages veg- clothes in a bag. Use a 20-foot rope to hang Don’t hit the trail without: resource. Because water levels fluctuate etation, causes erosion and creates un- the bag 10 feet above the ground and four • Topographic Map & Compass on the mountain, it is important to conserve sightly paths. If you are having trouble on feet from the trunk of the tree. + GPS it. For additional information, please see the the trail, ask another hiker to seek help. Al- • Whistle “Preservation” chapter. ways plan ahead and pick a place to meet DRIVING • Flashlight or Headlamp up, should you become separated from Observe posted speed limits while driv- • Sunglasses, Sunscreen & Hat PERMITS your party. ing. Watch for turns. Be especially alert for • High-energy Food & Free permits are required for backcoun- Be aware of standing dead trees that animals crossing the road. The speed limit Plenty of Water try camping. They are available during have perished from disease, insect and on Skyline Drive is 35 mph. Please observe it • Appropriate Clothing operating hours at visitor centers, entrance storm damage. They can topple at any for both your safety and the safety of the ani- & Extra Layers stations and at Park Headquarters. Permits time, especially on windy days, so exer- mals. Be sure to pull completely off the road • Waterproof Matches are also available online if requested two cise care. to view wildlife. • Insect Repellent weeks or more in advance. Visit nps.gov/ Be sure to take plenty of water for Protect your property. Lock your car and shen/planyourvisit/campbc_permit.htm ­everyone in your group, including pets. store valuables in the trunk. Visible valuables • Pocket Knife for more information. are easy targets for those tempted to break in. • First-Aid Kit Hang gliding permits are available TICKS If you are having car trouble, try to report • Sturdy Footwear by mail. To request one, write to Shenan- To reduce your risk of being bitten by ticks, it to another driver, who can advise a park doah National Park, Attn: Hang gliding per- which are active year-round, please stay on ranger. Do not rely on cell phones, which can are allowed in the park, at the concessioner mits, 3655 U.S. Highway 211 East, Luray, trails and avoid venturing into grassy, brushy have limited reception in the park. facilities and on all trails. Note: There are no VA 22835. For more information, see the areas. See the “Walking & Hiking” chapter for kennels in the park. “Things To Do” chapter. To obtain a permit more information. for weddings, filming, religious services and VANDALISM other special events, contact the park’s Man- BEARS Please take only pictures and memories agement Assistant at the address above. Shenandoah is bear country! Avoid home with you. Do not deface, destroy or re- encounters with bears by making noise move any flowers, trees, shrubs, rocks or ob- SAFETY TIPS to warn them of your approach. A loud jects. Vandalism is unlawful; violators will be Park rangers are on duty at visitor cen- shout or clap will often scare them away. prosecuted to the full extent of the law. ters, campgrounds and entrance ­stations. If you do come upon a bear, do not move Remember, if everyone picked just one Call (800) 732-0911 for emergencies only. abruptly, which may startle him or her. Stay flower, whole meadows of flowers would Rangers also patrol Skyline Drive and calm and slowly leave the area without disappear. An exception to this do-not-pick maintain offices throughout the park. The turning your back. rule applies only to edible fruits, nuts and ber- following tips can help you enjoy a safe Never get out of your car or approach a ries. Be diligent about picking only what you vacation in Shenandoah. bear for a better look or for a picture. Be will eat while visiting the park. alert. Never camp in an area that has obvi- FALLING ous evidence of bear activity, such as dig- WILDLIFE Falling is the single most common acci- ging, tracks or scat. Feeding, petting or harassing wildlife is dent in the park. Always exercise extreme Keep your gear clean and free of food Another Great Reason prohibited. Animals may seem tame, but they caution around cliff ledges, as well as water- odor. Do not sleep near your food, garbage to Leash Your Pet are wild and can injure you. When you feed falls and stream beds where rocks are algae- or your food preparation area. Campers Wildlife and pets can be a dangerous combination. If you choose to bring your pet to Shenandoah, it must wildlife, they lose their fear of humans, mak- covered and slippery. And do not throw rocks must store food in their vehicles and back- be kept on a leash no longer than six feet at all times. ing them easy prey for poachers and prone to from cliffs, as this not only displaces natural country campers must “bear-proof” their being hit by cars. features, but also can injure others below. food by sealing it. Store any food, tooth-

14 SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK | | SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK 15 PLAN YOUR VISIT WHO’S WHO AT THE PARK WHO’S WHO AT

THE PARK NPS

NATIONAL PARK SERVICE support of the park’s interpretive, educa- The National Park Service (NPS) is the tional and resource preservation units. For federal custodian of Shenandoah Na- more information, contact SNPA, 3655 tional Park. For more information, contact U.S. Highway 211 East, Luray, VA 22835; Shenandoah National Park Headquarters, (540) 999-3582; snpbooks.org. 3655 U.S. Highway 211 East, Luray, VA 22835; (540) 999-3500; nps.gov/shen. SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK TRUST DELAWARE NORTH AT The Shenandoah National Park Trust was SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK established in 2004 as an official fundraising Delaware North is a global leader partner of Shenandoah National Park. Do- in hospitality and food service that is nations to the Trust are put to work directly grounded in a family ownership. Under to help ensure the future of Shenandoah the leadership of Jeremy Jacobs and his National Park, as well as enrich the experi- three sons, Delaware North has become ences of current visitors. The Trust works in one of the most admired family-owned concert with the park to support the park’s hospitality management and food ser- highest priorities. These include natural vice companies. With more than 60,000 and cultural resource protection, education associates, it’s one of the largest privately and visitor enjoyment. As a nonprofit orga- owned companies. Delaware North pro- nization, it relies on donations to fulfill its vides lodging, food service, camping mission. For more information or to make and grocery supplies, laundry, shower a donation, contact Shenandoah National facilities, horseback rides and gasoline Park Trust, Shenandoah National Park Trust, to visitors. For more information, contact 404 8th St. NE, Suite D, Charlottesville, VA Delaware North at Shenandoah National 22902; (434) 293-2728; snptrust.org. Park, P.O. Box 727, Luray, VA 22835; (877) 247-9261; goshenandoah.com. POTOMAC CLUB SHENANDOAH NATIONAL The Potomac Appalachian Trail Club PARK ASSOCIATION (PATC) was founded in 1927 as a volun- The Shenandoah National Park Asso- teer organization to maintain a portion of ciation (SNPA) was organized in 1950 as the Appalachian Trail. The club develops a nonprofit organization to support the and maintains other trails within its area, interpretive and educational programs of as well as historic shelters and cabins on Shenandoah National Park. The associa- the Appalachian Trail and other trails. It tion sells maps, pamphlets, field and trail encourages hiking and related outdoor guides, and books about the human and sports, and publishes maps, guidebooks natural history of the Blue Ridge region. and more. For more information, contact Clockwise from top: Come for the foliage, stay for the history and adventure; meet a ranger and learn Profits are channeled back into Shenan- the PATC, 118 Park Street S.E., Vienna, about the park at the Harry F. Byrd Visitor Center; the sun sets over the rolling hills of Shenandoah; doah National Park primarily through VA 22180; (703) 242-0315; patc.net. rangers lead nature programs for kids.

16 SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK | | SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK 17 PLAN YOUR VISIT VISITOR SERVICES Dear Adventure, You occupy my every thought. I don’t know how much longer I can go without seeing Park visitors will find conveniently lo- There are, however, limited emergency you. I was at the water cooler today, cated service facilities along Skyline services, which include tire changing, talking to Herb in accounting. He was Drive and at park waysides and other lock opening, jump starts and emer- droning on about his wife’s Etsy store. Side ­visitor areas. Services include merchan- gency refueling. The gas station is open hustle he calls it. I couldn’t take it. I filled dise, food, lodging, gas and a variety spring through fall only, so it’s a good up my cup and dumped a glass of water of books and maps about Shenandoah idea to fill your tank before entering the on my head just to feel something. National Park. park, especially in winter. For information about attractions, Big Meadows Wayside (Mile 51.2) I know we are not supposed to see each ­restaurants, accommodations and ser- is open daily, year-round. Hours vary. vices outside the park, contact: Shenan- Check the park visitor guide for current other again until next month, but I may just doah Valley Travel Association, P.O. schedules. drive up and see you this weekend. Is that Box 1040, New Market, VA 22844, There are also two electric vehicle crazy? (540) 740-3132 or visitshenandoah. charging stations, one at the Harry org; Warrenton-Fauquier County Visitor F. Byrd, Sr. Visitor Center and one at Yeah, it’s crazy. But life’s too short to Center, 33 North Calhoun Street, Warren- Skyland. spend another weekend inside. You’re the ton, VA 20186, (540) 341-0988; Virginia antithesis of Netflix and Chill. The antidote Tourism Corporation, (800) 847‑4882 or DIGITAL MEDIA to my smartphone addiction. The reason I virginia.org; or the Virginia Economic Cameras, digital memory cards and get out of bed in the morning. Development Partnership, 901 East Cary other supplies are available at both lodg- Street, P.O. Box 798, Richmond, VA ing facilities and waysides throughout What I’m saying is: I love you, Adventure. 23219, (804) 545-5600. the park. AD See you this weekend. ATMS & BANKS GIFT SHOPS Automated teller machines (ATMs) are Various gift and craft shops are lo- Megan available in the Dining Room Building cated throughout the park. They carry at Skyland (Mile 41.7), at Big Meadows handcrafted jewelry, wood carvings, pot- Lodge (Mile 51) and at Big Meadows tery, quilts and woven items. Many of Wayside (Mile 51.2). Banks are lo- these wares are produced by the skilled cated outside of the park in Luray and artisans of the Appalachian area. You will Tell us why you love adventure and you could other nearby communities. also find ecological and environmentally friendly products, including apparel, re- win an all-inclusive vacation package. GAS STATIONS cycled paper products, cards and home Only unleaded gas and oil are available at décor. Big Meadows Wayside (Mile 51.2). There are no auto repairs or towing services. LOST & FOUND To retrieve lost items, or to turn in found articles, go to any entrance station SHARE YOUR FAVORITE We Love Adventure MEMORIES WITH US! or visitor center. If you’ve already left Chat with us: 1-855-325-7773 the park, send inquiries to Shenandoah FOLLOW US! @OhRanger National Park, Lost & Found, 3655 U.S. Enter the giveaway at WeLoveAdventure.com 18 SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK | We’ll choose a new winner every week from June 1- August 10th. VISITOR SERVICES PLAN YOUR VISIT

Highway 211 East, Luray, VA 22835; or Visitors with hearing impairments can PRESERVATION call (540) 999-3500. see the two park films shown at the Byrd Visitor Center, The Gift and Expe- MEDICAL rience Shenandoah, with captions. The WILDERNESS RENEWAL gallons to more than 12 million gallons The nearest hospitals are located in center also offers several other films In 1976, Congress designated 40 per- per year! The increased usage places Front Royal, three miles north of the about the park. cent of Shenandoah as wilderness, which additional stress on the area’s natural Front Royal Entrance Station; in Luray, 10 The Limberlost Trail (Mile 43) is fully is defined in The Wilderness Act as “an resources. miles west of the Thornton Gap Entrance accessible. The entire trail is a hard- area where the earth and its commu- Periods of drought place flora and fauna Station on U.S. 211; in Fishersville, five packed, crushed greenstone surface and nity of life are untrammeled by man...” at risk and we encourage you to follow a miles west of Rockfish Gap; and in Har- most portions meet Americans with Dis- Shenandoah is part of a national system few simple practices to help conserve wa- risonburg, 20 miles west of Swift Run abilities Act (ADA) guidelines for slope. of wilderness areas on our public lands ter in the park: Gap. Information or assistance may be ob- that provides refuge for both animals and • Take short showers instead of baths. For emergency ambulance service, tained by calling the Virginia Relay Center humans who are drawn to these areas • Turn off faucets while washing dishes, call 911 or (800) 732-0911. Always bring at (800) 828-1120 (TDD) from within the for inspiration, education, solitude and washing your face and hands, or brush- a first aid kit, extra water and food when state or (800) 828-1140 (voice). Or, write recreation. ing your teeth. you go on long hikes. to Shenandoah National Park, 3655 U.S. Sitting by the edge of a stream or taking • Report stuck valves or dripping faucets Highway 211 East, Luray, VA 22835. in a mountain vista, we begin to feel like to a park or concessions employee. POST OFFICE integral parts of the natural world. Recon- Mail drops are located at the gift shops STORES & SUPPLIES necting with nature can help us escape FIRE at Elkwallow, Skyland, Big Meadows, Souvenirs, crafts, snacks and food the everyday stresses of life; however, Resource managers understand fire Lewis Mountain and Loft Mountain. service are available at lodges and even if you never step foot in a wilder- is a naturally occurring phenomenon waysides. Waysides also sell camping ness area, you’ll still reap the benefits. that is essential in maintaining a healthy RELIGIOUS SERVICES supplies and groceries. Gasoline is avail- For example, spring-fed waters flow from ecosystem. Pinecones from table moun- In-park services are sometimes offered able at Big Meadows Wayside. Shenandoah into rivers and streams that tain pine, for example, need fire to open by private organizations and open to the Elkwallow Wayside (Mile 24 .1) reach as far as the Chesapeake Bay, the and release seeds that will grow into new public. Check at information desks for times stocks limited groceries, camping sup- largest estuary in the United States. Keep- trees. The NPS staff occasionally employs and locations. Nearby communities offer re- plies, food, souvenirs and crafts. ing this ecosystem healthy provides food, prescribed burns to maintain the vitality of ligious services. Big Meadows Wayside (Mile 51.2) wildlife habitat and recreational access for forests and meadow areas. Uncontrolled is the place for groceries, camping sup- millions of people in the region. fires, however, pose a threat to preserv- SHOWERS & LAUNDRY plies, gas, snacks, souvenirs and crafts. Shenandoah’s wilderness area is an ex- ing Shenandoah’s natural and cultural Delaware North provides wheelchair- There are showers and laundry facilities perience as well as a place. While you ex- resources. In spring and fall, the park is accessible, coin-operated showers and at the Big Meadows campground. plore the areas of the park, take notice of especially vulnerable to the negative ef- laundry near campgrounds at Big Mead- Lewis Mountain Campstore your surroundings and reflect on the sig- fects of human-caused fires. For more ows, Lewis Mountain and Loft Mountain. (Mile 57.5) sells souvenirs, crafts, camp- nificance of this “enduring resource.” information, see the “Park Regulations & ing supplies and groceries, and also has Safety” chapter. SPECIAL SERVICES - showers and laundry facilities. WATER There is wheelchair access at Skyland Loft Mountain Wayside (Mile 79.5) Big Meadows is one of the few high- POACHING and Big Meadows lodging and dining carries souvenirs, locally made elevation wetlands in Virginia and is home Wildlife poaching is a major concern in facilities, the Lewis Mountain Camp- crafts and snacks. to a diversity of plants and animals that is Shenandoah. The NPS closes portions of store and Cabins, at many comfort sta- The Loft Mountain Wayside rarely found elsewhere in the state. Over Skyline Drive at night during the hunting tions, and at the concessioner-operated (Mile 79.5) is near the campground and the last decade, local population growth season to deter poachers from entering showers at Big Meadows, Lewis Moun- has showers and laundry. It sells souve- and other factors have led to increased the area to hunt illegally. Hunting is al- tain and Loft Mountain campgrounds. nirs, groceries and camping supplies. water consumption—from 6 million ways prohibited in the park.

20 SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK | | SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK 21 PRESERVATION PRESERVATION

AIR QUALITY nearby states are carried to Shenandoah Enjoying the scenic beauty of the on air currents. Congressional legislation­ Shenandoah Valley and the Piedmont re- requires the air over Shenandoah to be gion is an integral part of the park visitor the cleanest possible. To help combat a experience, and the NPS carefully monitors growing problem, NPS staff monitors the visibility in the park. Some of the charac- park’s air quality. teristic blue haze is natural as trees release Acid rain forms when sulfur and nitro- tiny water droplets and other gaseous mol- gen byproducts in the air combine with ecules into the air. Sadly, 70 to 80 percent water vapor and return to the earth as ac- of the visibility-degrading haze seen in ids. The acids may damage sensitive plant Shenandoah is human caused. Within the foliage and change the chemical balance of last half-century, visibility has decreased streams and soils. If an imbalance occurs, by about 50 percent. living things may fail to reproduce or even Sulfates and nitrogen oxide from power die. Since 1979, park staff have worked plants and other industries in Virginia and with the University of Virginia and other organizations in cooperative studies to de- LEAVE NO TRACE tect and measure acid rain and its effect on the ecosystem. Leave No Trace is a national program With your help, and under the protec-

that teaches people how to enjoy the tion of the National Park Service, Shenan- Clockwise top from Zack Paul left: Harris Frank; Lemke; Shiffman; Kelly Van Dellen outdoors responsibly, and promotes and doah’s natural beauty will be here for inspires proper stewardship of America’s many years to come. public lands. Many land management agencies are cooperating partners in this YOUR MONEY AT WORK program. You can help minimize impacts Unless you already have a pass, you to the natural resources and social experi- must pay an entrance fee to enter Shenan- ences of other visitors by practicing these doah. These fees help preserve the cul- seven principles. For more information, tural, historical and natural resources of please visit LNT.org. Whether sitting by the edge of a stream, hiking on a trail or taking in a mountain vista, we are all this unique park, and support their ongo- integral parts of the natural world. Please help preserve these experiences for future • Plan ahead and prepare. ing preservation. generations by following Leave No Trace principles. • Travel and camp on durable surfaces. The Federal Lands Recreation Enhance- • Dispose of waste properly. ment Act allows parks to retain a portion • An extensive exhibit at the Byrd • Preservation of park archival collections. • Leave what you find. of collected fees for various projects, as Visitor Center. • Clearing of decades of vegetative • Minimize campfire impacts. permitted by Congress. Shenandoah in- • Construction of an ADA-compliant rest- growth along Skyline Drive to reveal • Respect wildlife. • Be considerate of other visitors. vests this money in improvements and room at Byrd Visitor Center. vistas of the Shenandoah Valley and the your fees have been used for many of • The rehabilitation of Comfort Stations Piedmont Plain. Consider applying these principles dur- these enhancements, including: (restrooms) at the campgrounds. As a partner in the stewardship of ing your travels. We always need your • A film and exhibit at Dickey Ridge Visitor • The restoration of President Herbert Shenandoah, you are helping to ensure help in preserving our shared lands for fu- Center that introduces you to the world Hoover’s , also known as its survival for future generations. With ture generations. It is the most important of Shenandoah National Park. the “summer White House.” your support, the park can continue to thing you can do for the places you love. Make the commitment to Leave No Trace • The restoration of Massanutten • The construction of an ADA-com- provide many more years of enjoyment. today. You can make a difference. Lodge at Skyland with exhibits and pliant state-of-the-art amphitheater This treasure is invaluable to the region historic furnishings. at Skyland. and its people.

22 SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK | | SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK 23 PRESERVATION PLAN YOUR VISIT SIGHTS TO SEE CIVILIAN CONSERVATION CORPS IN SHENANDOAH

Between 1933 and 1942, 10 Civilian work is still enjoyed by visitors today. NPS Conservation Corps (CCC) camps were In September 2006, at Shenandoah’s While scholars may debate the specific tundra-like conditions and later, perpetu- ­­established within or on leased land adjacent annual CCC Reunion, the park dedicated a meaning of “Shenandoah,” they all agree ated by fire—either naturally by lightning to Shenandoah. During this time, more than bronze CCC worker statue at Byrd Visitor that it has something to do with the land. or deliberately by native peoples­—to cul- 10,000 young men lived in these camps Center plaza, Big Meadows (Mile Post 51). Ranging from “Silver Water” to “Great tivate wild berries and attract game. Graz- under the supervision of the Army. They The statue was part of a campaign the group Meadows” and “River of High Moun- ing deer, elk and bison likely helped keep worked on projects directed by the started in the 1990s to commission a bronze tains” to “Daughter of the Stars,” these it open, until settlers started grazing their National Park Service and the statue of a CCC worker from the Elliot­ Gantz various definitions attest that the land in- cattle here. It’s estimated that by 1900, Bureau of Public Roads. Their Foundry of New York. The group’s goal spired people to name it. Like its original the meadow was 1,000 acres! activities involved building trails, was to erect a reproduction of the statue inhabitants, modern visitors are moved Since the establishment of the park in fire roads and towers, log com- in every state to commemorate by the beauty and diversity of the park’s 1935 and the cessation of grazing, the fort stations, picnic grounds and the Corps’ work throughout landscape. Boasting unparalleled natural meadow has shrunk considerably, as it is construction projects ­associated the United States. The first beauty, the park continues to draw visitors reclaimed by trees and shrubs. To keep a with Skyline Drive. statue was erected in for rest, recreation and rejuvenation. 130-acre part of the meadow open, NPS By the end of 1934, the CCC 1995 in North Higgins staff controls woody shrubs, such as el- had built a sawmill, shingle mill, State Park, Roscom- NATURAL SITES derberry and huckleberry, by burning and blacksmith shop and sign shop mon, Michigan. Shenan- Bursting with wildflowers and blueber- mowing, thus allowing grasses and herba- to produce materials to construct doah National Park’s bronze ries, Big Meadows is the largest area in ceous plants to grow. park buildings. They set up statue was the 32nd state the park, and it is almost treeless. The More than 270 species of plants grow nurseries in Front Royal commemoration. meadow might have been created by in the meadow and attract the park’s di- and Big Meadows to grow The life-size bronze statue is

the trees and shrubs that loosely NPS would ultimately be used to based on the depression-era draw- revegetate areas disturbed by ing of “Iron Mike,” a representative, construction. although idealized, young man. Shirt- After the official estab- less, dressed in denim field pants lishment of the park on and a floppy hat, the enrollee December 26, 1935, the proudly stands with his axe at CCC expanded its activities rest. The statue was made pos- across it. They built and sible by a gift from the Barlow landscaped the overlooks family of Stanley, Virginia, in along Skyline Drive. They memory of Russell T. Barlow also constructed the stone and Louise P. Barlow. Mr. Bar- guardwalls. The “boys” built hundreds of low was an enrollee at camp miles of trails and installed much of the in- NP-2 (Big Meadows) from 1934 to frastructure to ready the park’s facilities for 1936. Mrs. Barlow was one of three Stanley visitors. sisters who married CCC enrollees from the These “boys” created the form and fabric Big Meadows camp. of the new park so that future generations Visit the park’s website to see an interac- could find recreation here. All of their hard tive program about the CCC: nps.gov/shen. The endless view from Old Rag Summit.

24 SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK | | SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK 25 SIGHTS TO SEE

verse wildlife. A variety of wildlife depends The remnants of some 500 homes on this area, including the wetland in the and farms are now mostly a handful of meadow’s center. still-standing walls, an occasional ­chimney There is evidence of many prehistoric and more than 100 family cemeteries. encampments located in the meadow. There is also evidence of American In- It’s nice to More recently, it was the site of one of dian habitation; however, these sites are the first Civilian Conservation Corps generally restricted to archeologists­ who camps and the park dedication ceremony are researching and preserving them. remove artificial in 1936. History buffs will enjoy visiting and ex- Shenandoah is part of the Appala- ploring Skyland Resort’s Massanutten chians, one of the oldest mountain ranges Lodge and Rapidan Camp. The latter ingredients. in the world and, as such, it has many was built by President and Mrs. Hoover unique rock formations. Some rocks ex- as their “summer White House.” In 1932, hibit columnar jointing, a geologic phe- the Hoovers donated the 160-acre tract nomenon caused by the rapid cooling of for inclusion in the future park. Rapidan molten lava. As cooling continued, verti- Camp is located at the end of Mill Prong cal fissures and cracks penetrated deeper, Trail. Visitors may hike down from Milam It’s kind never creating large columns of rock with four Gap (Mile 52.8) or take the van tour down to eight sides. Columnar jointing can be from Byrd Visitor Center (Mile 51). seen at Compton Peak (Mile 10.4), Lit- Massanutten Lodge was the home of to have them tle Devils Stairs (Mile 19.4), Crescent Addie Nairn Pollock, co-owner of Skyland Rock Trail (Mile 44.4), the Limberlost Resort. The lodge’s living room has been in the first place. Area (Mile 43), Franklin Cliffs (Mile 49), historically refurnished. The lodge also Blackrock (Mile 51.2) and several spots houses an exhibit, The Women of Sky- on . land, which documents the lives of sev- An overview of the park’s highlights eral women who frequented the resort in would be incomplete without mention- the Roaring Twenties. ing its waterfalls, which can be reached Although they came from very differ- on foot and are spectacular in the spring. ent backgrounds, they shared a com- See the “Walking & Hiking” chapter for mon need to reach beyond many of the a list of some of the trails that lead to social barriers of the time. The lodge, lo- waterfalls. cated in Skyland, is a significant historical site in the park. HISTORIC SITES The Fox family homesite at Fox Hol- Shenandoah boasts not only a rich natu- low can be seen at the end of a short hike ral history, but also a rich human one. The from the Dickey Ridge Visitor Center park traces the lives of the area’s many (Mile 4.6). A guidebook explaining the early settlers, and visitors can see arti- site is available at the Dickey Ridge Visitor facts from their habitation at that time. Center or the trailhead. Reminders of the days of the mountain A 1.5-mile hike down a steep trail residents can be found in the ruins of (Mile 37.9) leads to . Built houses, barns, animal pens and fruit in 1909, the cabin is now maintained cellars, some more than a century old. by the Potomac Appalachian Trail Club

26 SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK | SIGHTS TO SEE PLAN YOUR VISIT

SUGGESTED READINGS THINGS TO DO

• Easy Hikes on the Appalachian • Geology Along Skyline Drive: A Self- National Scenic Trail in Shenandoah Guided Tour for Motorists by Robert Regardless which season you visit For something a little more subdued, National Park by Joanne Amberson, Badger, Falcon Publishing Shenandoah, there is always something to participate in monthly wine tastings or Shenandoah National Park Association (SNPA) • ’s Hideaway: The Story do or see in the park. Springtime is great basket-making workshops at Big Mead- of President Hoover’s Summer Retreat for wildflower viewing, while summer’s ows Lodge. Other regular events in- • Hikes to Peaks & Vistas in Shenandoah by Darwin Lambert and Reed L. best for camping and other outdoor ac- clude Sunday afternoons of 1930s to National Park by Joanne Amberson, Engle, SNPA tivities. Autumn brings colorful fall foliage. 1960s music; A Walk for Sunshine and SNPA • In the Light of the Mountain Moon: An Snow is not uncommon in the winter, and Bubba Jones Time Travel presentations • Hikes to Waterfalls in Shenandoah Illustrated History of Skyland by Reed signs of wildlife abound when the park is by talented speaker and author, Jeff Alt; National Park by Joanne Amberson, L. Engle, SNPA blanketed in white. This chapter captures weekly night skies presentations; and the SNPA the seasonal highlights within the park. popular Shenandoah Seasonings Culinary • In the Shadow of Ragged Mountain: • Short Hikes in Shenandoah National Historical Archaeology of Nicholson, Dinner events. Call Delaware North at Park by Joanne Amberson, SNPA Corbin and Weakley Hollows by Audrey PROGRAMS & ACTIVITIES Shenandoah National Park at (877) 274- Horning, SNPA Delaware North sponsors a variety of 9261 or check out the current events on • PATC Appalachian Trail Guide #7, #9 special activities and programs at Big goshenandoah.com. North District Map, #10 Central District • Shenandoah National Park Official Meadows and Skyland throughout the Shenandoah National Park ranger pro- Map and #11 South District Map by the Handbook by Anne Mitchell Whisnant, Potomac Appalachian Trail Club David E. Whisnant and Tim Silver, season. On most Tuesday evenings, grams are offered during the spring, sum- SNPA watch local cloggers perform at Skyland. mer and fall. Rangers lead a variety of • Hiking Shenandoah National Park by Bert and Jane Gildart, Falcon Guides • Shenandoah: The Story Behind the Scenery by Hugh Crandall and Reed L. NPS • Shenandoah National Park Topo Map Engle, KC Publications by National Geographic • The Greatest Single Feature… A Sky- • Scavenger Hike Adventures, Line Drive: 75 Years of a Mountaintop Shenandoah National Park by Kat and Motorway by Reed L. Engle, SNPA John La Fevre, SNPA • Undying Past of Shenandoah National • Birds of Shenandoah National Park: A Park by Darwin Lambert, Robert Naturalist’s View by Terry and Patressa Rinehart Publishers Lindsay, SNPA • Wildflowers of Shenandoah National • Everything Was Wonderful: A Pictorial Park by Ann and Rob Simpson, Globe History of the Civilian Conservation Pequot Corps in Shenandoah National Park by Reed L. Engle, SNPA

and can be rented by the public. Please as 100 gravesites with the remains of mul- visit patc.net for more information and tiple families. to make reservations. Some cemeteries are still in use by de- There are more than 100 cemeteries in scendants of mountain families. Please the park. Some are small plots with only a respect the final resting places of those few markers, while others have as many who settled this land before it was a park. Those who climb up to high points in Shenandoah are rewarded with scenic vistas.

28 SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK | | SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK 29 Indulge in a glass of wine or cider as you explore the trails that meander across the Winery at Kindred Pointe. Many of the Trail’s sites are located in historic venues that tell the rich history of the Shenandoah Valley. Sample spirits in the 1930’s theatre at Gingerwolf Distillery in Middletown, enjoy a beer with friends at the Woodstock Brewhouse located in a World War II era Casey Jones denim factory or enjoy a glass of wine on the patio overlooking the mountains at Shenandoah Vineyards, the second oldest in the state. Take a tour of Route 11 Chips in Mt. Jackson, one of America’s premiere specialty chip producers (call early to get optimal fry times). If you are hungrier, stop by a farmer’s SHENANDOAH COUNTY… market like Woodbine Farms in Strasburg, or one of the many farm-to-table restaurants like AN ADVENTURE Cristina’s Cafe in Strasburg or Woodstock AROUND EVERY BEND! Garden Café in Woodstock, which use locally sourced ingredients, many of which they grow themselves. Whatever the season you will love century homes in the country. The park also One day just isn’t going to be enough. Shenandoah County! Beautiful mountains, offers ranger programs at key sites, including Extending your stay is a piece of cake. Shenandoah historic towns, locally owned shops and Cedar Creek Battlefield Foundation County offers an array of accommodations to suit restaurants, award-winning vineyards and craft headquarters and Hupp’s Hill Civil War Park. If every lifestyle, whether you’re looking to stay at breweries are all just a short detour off Skyline you want to learn more about the area’s roll in a historic bed & breakfast, a charming country Drive. There’s so much to do you’ll need to the Civil War, the Virginia Museum of the home, rustic cabin, or national hotel chain, like extend your trip—whether you visit museums, Civil War in New Market offers self-guided the Comfort Inn & Suites, who will roll out the saddle up and go for a ride, hit the links, slap battlefield tours of the Battle of New Market red carpet for you and your pets! on your skis, explore caverns, or check out a which raged just outside the museum on May Stay AND play at Bryce Resort in Basye, variety of festivals year-round. Visit the friendly 15, 1864 and is home to the longest running where you’ll discover year-round adventure. towns for a look at small town life, beautiful reenactment in the nation. Winter offers great skiing and snowboarding. architecture, and scenic farmland. If all that history is giving you a hankering, When the snow melts, ride on one of the eight Kick off your trip at Shenandoah Caverns, take a detour to the Shenandoah Spirits lift-accessed mountain biking trails. If you prefer which has been thrilling kids and adults for Trail and quench your thirst at one of to ride than roll, book a guest ranch package at more than 90 years. Learn about the region’s 15 vineyards, nine craft breweries, two cideries Fort Valley Ranch, where you’ll be treated to incredible geology and extraordinary cry- and two distilleries splashed across the guided horseback rides while your family kicks stalline formations. History buffs will love Northern Shenandoah Valley. The Trail is an back in a pond front bunkhouse. the Shenandoah Valley Cultural Heritage outgrowth of the region’s deep connection to Spring, Summer, Winter or Fall, no matter Museum, Shenandoah County Historic the agricultural community, which imparts on when you come to Shenandoah County, you’ll Courthouse and the Cedar Creek and its vineyards and breweries a distinct flavor, find unparalleled natural beauty, rich culture and Belle Grove National Historic Park, which literally and figuratively. Grab a pint at Swover friendly hospitality all just a short drive from the protects several historically significant sites. Its Creek Farm Brewery, a Virginia Century Farm nation’s capital and Shenandoah National Park. manor house is one of the best preserved 18th which cultivates many of the ingredients on site. TO PLAN YOUR TRIP, VISIT: VisitShenandoahCounty.com THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY OF VIRGINIA IS FAMOUS FOR ITS or call us at (888) 367-3965 AWE-INSPIRING NATURAL BEAUTY AND SCENIC WONDER THINGS TO DO THINGS TO DO

activities, including guided hikes, evening PICNICKING ply with all applicable traffic regulations tennis shoes or water shoes, as the rocks programs, special offerings for children and Get back to nature and take advantage and should stay on the extreme right underwater can be sharp and slippery. trips to Rapidan Camp ($10 per person by of one of Shenandoah’s picnic areas, lo- side of the road. Since Skyline Drive is reservation, visit recreation.gov for more cated at Dickey Ridge (Mile 4.6), Elkwal- a two-lane, two-way roadway and does FISHING details), a National Historic Landmark. low (Mile 24.1), Pinnacles (Mile 36.7), Big not have bike paths, ­cyclists must ride All streams are open for catch- Schedules for ranger programs are available Meadows (Mile 51.2), Lewis Mountain single file. When there’s fog or limited and-­release recreational fishing, at visitor centers and other public contact ar- (Mile 57.5), South River (Mile 62.8) and visibility, cyclists must mount a white approximately 25 of which are open for eas, or online at nps.gov/shen. Dundo (Mile 83.7). Each picnic area fea- light on the front wheel (visible from harvest. The fishing season is year-round for tures tables, fireplaces, drinking fountains at least 500 ft) and a red light or red both stream classifications. Anglers must KIDS IN PARKS TRACK TRAILS and restrooms. Note: The picnic area at reflector (visible from at least 200 ft) on use a single-hooked, artificial lure (with or Kids in Parks is an expanding net- Dundo has vault toilets only. the back of the bike. without barbs). The minimum size limit for work of family-friendly outdoor adven- trout is nine inches and the maximum creel tures called TRACK Trails. Each TRACK BIRDWATCHING SWIMMING limit is six fish. Size and creel limits for other Trail features self-guided brochures and Shenandoah National Park is an excel- Swimming is permitted in all the game fish species follow Virginia regula- signs that turn any visit into an extraor- lent location to birdwatch. More than 190 streams in Shenandoah. Swim at your tions. A Virginia fishing license is required dinary experience. At Shenandoah, the species of resident and transient birds are own risk, but be sure to wear old for anyone 16 and older fishing at the park. Limberlost TRACK Trail (Mile 43) is a 1.3- known to live in or visit the park. Approxi- mile loop built for visitors of all ages and mately half of these species breed here, abilities. This gentle trail winds through including 18 species of warblers. Roughly BYRD VISITOR CENTER EXHIBIT sprawling mountain laurel, tall oaks, and 30 of the species—including tufted tit-

Byrd Visitor Center (Mile 51) is a great NPS feathery ferns. It’s home to all sorts of mice, red-tailed hawks, Carolina chicka- place to stop for information, films, a park creatures. Discover many changes and dees, wild turkeys and barred owls—are store and exhibits. Within a Day’s Drive of explore the wonders of Limberlost using year-round residents. Millions, a highly interactive exhibit, tells the your senses and imagination. Due to the park’s location along the stories of Shenandoah’s ­establishment and crest of the Blue Ridge and the extent of development, ­including the controversial ac- the forested habitat, Shenandoah provides quisition of privately owned land, the work of essential habitat for neotropical migratory the Civilian­ Conservation Corps and the little- FUN FACTS birds, both for nesting and as a travel cor- known story of desegregation in the 1930s ridor. Certain areas, such as Big Meadows, and 1940s. In the exhibit, interactive maps highlight Q. HOW MUCH OF THE support species that can be found no- the locations of former homesites. Hundreds PARK IS DESIGNATED where else in the park. WILDERNESS? of historic photographs and documents take visitors through the decades of the park’s A. The park has one of the HORSEBACK RIDING past, offering a great way to pay homage to largest wilderness areas in the Horseback riding, permitted on des- that period. Eastern United States, with over A visitor checks out an exhibit at ignated trails, is a wonderful way to Visit a model of the Lewis Mountain Byrd Visitor Center. 40 percent of the park’s 200,000 acres enjoy Shenandoah. For more information, Camp Store, the center of Shenandoah’s designated by Congress as wilderness. visit goshenandoah.com. historic journey through desegregation. As each decade has unfolded, Shenan­ Wilderness offers many opportunities, Experience the shift in the nation’s environ- doah’s landscape has changed in reflection such as hiking, overnight camping and mental ethics during the 1970s and follow of America’s values. This exhibit chronicles fishing. BICYCLING Bicycling is permitted only on Skyline its impacts to the present day. Plan your those changes and involves you in the own wilderness experience in Shenandoah Shenandoah of the future. Make a stop at For answers to all your questions, Drive and on paved roads in developed ar- National Park through an interactive touch- Byrd Visitor Center part of your Shenan- go to .com eas. Bikes are forbidden on backcountry OhRanger screen program. doah visit! trails and fire roads. Cyclists must com-

32 SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK | | SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK 33 THINGS TO DO THINGS TO DO

A license may be purchased at Big Mead- as rain in the valley can turn to ice and NPS ows Wayside or local sporting goods stores. snow on the mountain. Winter storms in Ethical fishing techniques are critical to Shenandoah may leave several inches of sustaining the park’s native brook trout snow or ice on the ground. populations. For more detailed informa- Be prepared for quick changes in the tion, including a list of streams open for weather. Wear warm, layered clothing. harvest, consult the updated Recreational Plan ahead so you don’t have to rely on rou- Fishing brochure available at entrance sta- tine ranger patrols (no facilities are open in tions, visitor centers, campgrounds and winter). Enter the park with a full tank of the park website. Fishing guides or paid gas, first aid kit, snacks, water and maps. instructors must obtain a commercial use Always share the details of your trip with authorization from the park superinten- a friend or family member so that help can dent before entering the park. be summoned if you don’t return as sched- uled. For current weather and road condi- HANG GLIDING tions, call (540) 999-3500. Hang gliding and paragliding are autho- Note: Most services and facilities are rized with an advanced permit at several closed from late fall to early spring. Por- locations within Shenandoah. Permits tions of Skyline Drive are periodically may be obtained by writing to Shenan- closed due to inclement weather and at doah National Park: Shenandoah National night during deer hunting season. Byrd Park, Attn: Hang Gliding Permits, 3655 Visitor Center is open Friday, Saturday U.S. Highway 211 East, Luray, VA 22835. and Sunday in winter, weather and road conditions permitting. Contact the park for WINTER ACTIVITIES hours of operation and more information. Winter offers opportunities for quiet solitude in Shenandoah National Park. As BE SAFE THIS WINTER the leaves fall from the trees and cooler temperatures improve visibility, valleys be- • Find out current weather and low and mountains beyond appear more road conditions. Call the park at spectacular than ever. (540) 999-3500. You’ll also have a better chance of seeing woodland animals like deer, squirrels • Enter the park with a full tank of gas. and turkeys as they forage for food. Foxes • Drive a winterized car with snow tires.

and bobcats are active in winter. Look for • Obey the 35-mph speed limit. Weather tracks of mice, rabbits and other animals. conditions may dictate lower speeds. Winter snowfall sometimes makes • Watch for animals and construction cross-country skiing and snowshoe- crews on Skyline Drive. ing possible on certain hiking trails or fire roads. Visitors must bring their own gear. • Dress for temperatures 10–15ºF cooler Winter in Shenandoah is unpredictable. at higher elevations. Temperatures are usually cooler in the • Carry a first-aid kit, snacks, water, maps and extra clothing. mountains than in the valley and weather Take a hike or a horseback ride through rambling woods, watch a sunset from a mountaintop or take conditions can change quickly. What falls a scenic ride on Skyline Drive. Shenandoah offers something for everyone.

34 SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK | | SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK 35 PLAN YOUR VISIT WALKING AND HIKING WALKING & HIKING

Ambling along Shenandoah’s trails is Always carry a map, plenty of drink- one of the best ways to experience the ing water and food. To avoid blisters, park. Stop by a visitor center for trail rec- wear sturdy, comfortable, broken-in hik- ommendations and hiking maps. Day- ing shoes and quality outdoor socks. On hiking maps are free at entrance stations longer hikes, bring extra clothing and rain and visitor centers and are also download- gear (showers are fairly common in the In the Spring of 1864 the fate of the Shenandoah Valley was decided here... able from the park website. Topographical summer). Always pack out any litter, in- maps are available for sale at visitor cen- cluding cigarette butts. ters, gift shops and online at snpbooks. org. When hiking, always stay on trails LEAVE NO TRACE and pay attention to the concrete posts Please practice Leave No Trace prin- found at trail intersections. Near the top of ciples and guidelines while exploring the posts are metal bands indicating the Shenandoah National Park, especially trail name, direction and distance. All trails by keeping to hiking trails with durable also have blazes, which are marks made surfaces. Leave the trails as you found New Market Battlefield State Historical Park on trees with paint. The color of the blaze them, and be considerate of those visi- 30 minutes west of SNP, US 211 West Exit 264, I-81 866.515.1864 indicates the following: tors who will follow you. Review the White Blaze: Appalachian Trail seven principles of Leave No Trace in the Yellow Blaze: Open to hikers and horseback riders Blue Blaze: Open to hikers only Red Orange Blaze: Park boundary FUN FACTS Double Blaze: Indicates a sharp turn or change in direction. Q. WHAT TYPES Many of Shenandoah’s more than 500 OF HIKES ARE miles of hiking trails begin at Skyline AVAILABLE IN THE You can help preserve Drive. Some trails lead to a waterfall or PARK? the places you love to hike. viewpoint. Others penetrate deep into the A. There are trails for all forest and wilderness. They descend to a levels. Some lead to a Join today and get a point of interest and then climb back out waterfall or viewpoint, while others 20% discount on membership. again. Be sure to take plenty of water, ap- penetrate deep into the forest and wilderness. Be sure to take plenty of Use this exclusive Oh, Ranger! propriate shoes and allow about an hour water, wear appropriate shoes and allow for each mile. code APN20 about an hour for each mile. Most hikes As you hike through Shenandoah’s for- to waterfalls are long and strenuous, so merican iking.org/join ests, notice the thriving birches, maples be sure to select a hike of the proper A H and white pines. Look for wildflowers, level. like bluets and violets in spring and yarrow and wild columbine in summer. Discover For answers to all your questions, ferns and mushrooms and listen for and go to OhRanger.com spot birds in the trees. Photo: Philipp Lublasser

36 SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK | | SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK 37 WALKING AND HIKING WALKING AND HIKING

DAY HIKES

Round- Wildnerdpix Trip Difficulty Trail Distance Elevation Trailhead Description Time Gain Compton Peak This trail is rocky and steep and leads 2.2 miles Moderate to exceptional scenic views both east Mile 10.4 2.5 hours 605 feet and west. You’ll look out onto a sec- tion of Skyline Drive and bends of the . Overall Run This long, steep trail is worth walking; it 6.4 miles Strenuous leads to a spectacular view of the tallest Mile 22.1 5.5 hours 1,850 feet falls in the park (93 feet). Valley views. In a dry year, there may be little water.

Little Stony Man Cliffs This winding trail climbs up through the for- 0.9 mile Moderate est to a rock ledge. Spectacular view to the Mile 39.1 1.0 hour 270 feet west, as far as the Allegheny Mountains. Whiteoak Canyon Strenuous hike to the first of six falls in 4.6 miles Strenuous Whiteoak Canyon. Crosses the Limberlost Mile 42.6 4.25 hours 1,040 feet Trail and passes through beautiful forest. Limberlost The Limberlost Trail has a crushed green- 1.3 miles Easy stone walkway and a gentle grade. People circuit Mile 43 100 feet of all ages come here to see birds, flow- 1.0 hour ers, new tree growth and find a sense of peace. Rocky trail to the summit of the park’s high- 2.1 miles Moderate Summit est peak at 4,049 feet, where rare balsam 2.0 hours 520 feet fir and red spruce can be seen. Mile 46.7 Dark Hollow Falls Excellent view of Dark Hollow Falls. The 1.5 miles Moderate/ waterfall is a series of frothing cascades. Steep Return Mile 50.7 1.5 hours 440 feet South River Falls Fairly steep trail through lush woods with 1.6 miles Moderate view of the falls. Mile 62.8 2.25 hours 850 feet More than 500 miles of trails lead to stunning views of waterfalls, spectacular mountain vistas and lush forests. Pack sturdy boots, a camera and plenty of water—and prepare to be impressed! Blackrock Summit Outstanding views and rock outcroppings. 1.0 Mile Easy You’ll stay awhile at this mammoth pile of Mile 84.8 1.25 hour 175 feet quartzite rocks. “Preservation” chapter. Whether you are gan the following year and, by 1937, the hiking and camping in Shenandoah Na- trail—2,176 miles in length—reached com- TRAILS WITH INDIVIDUAL GUIDE BOOKLETS tional Park’s wilderness or driving along pletion. The first person walked its entire Fox Hollow Trail The trail passes the old homesite of the 1.2 miles Easy to Fox family, remnants of rock piles and a Moderate Mile 4.6 1.25 hours Skyline Drive for an afternoon, following length, from Georgia to Maine, in 1948. Ev- cemetery. The trail is beautiful, passing 310 feet Leave No Trace principles and guidelines ery year, 300 to 400 hikers repeat the feat. through forests and wildflowers. will help protect the park and preserve Notable hikers have included a six-year-old Stony Man Trail This trail, one of the loveliest in the park, 1.6 miles Easy to passes ferns, wildflowers, hardwoods and Moderate Mile 41.7 1.5 hours the park experience for you and future boy, several octogenarians and a blind man rare red spruce and balsam fir. The west- 340 feet generations of visitors. with his service dog. The entire trip takes ward view, from Stony Man’s “forehead,” four to six months to complete. is unforgettable. APPALACHIAN TRAIL The trail crosses 14 states, eight national Frazier Discovery Trail Young and old will enjoy this trail and its 1.3 miles Moderate trees, ferns, wildflowers, birds and a huge Mile 79.5 1.5 hours 455 feet In 1921, conservationist Benton Mac- forests, two national parks and 15 major overhanging cliff. The hike’s midpoint, at Kaye proposed an “experiment in regional rivers. Elevations range from 6,642 feet the top of Loft Mountain, offers a stun- ning vista to the west. planning”—the Appalachian Trail. Work be- at Clingmans Dome in the Great Smoky

38 SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK | | SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK 39 WALKING AND HIKING PLAN YOUR VISIT

Mountains to near sea level in the Hudson best way to prevent disease is to practice CAMPING River Valley. Some of the most impressive frequent tick checks. If you become ill sections are found along the 101 miles that after visiting the park, tell your physician traverse Shenandoah National Park. For you were in a tick habitat. Some ticks are Shenandoah’s campgrounds offer both Big Meadows (Mile 51.2) All sites are more information about the Appalachian smaller than a pinhead. Check yourself first-come, first-served campsites, as well $20 per night during peak season and Trail, visit nps.gov/appa. carefully and be aware of the possibility as reservable sites, from spring through late $17 per night during the off season. Big of a tick-borne illness, even if you haven’t fall (the “peak season”). Family sites (up to Meadows has 221 sites, flush toilets, coin TICKS found any evidence of ticks. six people) and group sites are available, as showers, coin laundry, a dump station and To prevent ticks from latching on to you, well as generator-free sites. Reservations a camp store. - tuck shirts into pants and tuck pants into TRAIL MAPS may be made up to six months in advance Lewis Mountain (Mile 57.5) All sites socks. After hiking, thoroughly wash and Detailed topographic maps are available by visiting recreation.gov or by calling are $15 per night. This campground, the inspect yourself. Wear light colors so ticks at visitor information centers, entrance (877) 444-6777. All campgrounds have a smallest in the park, has 31 sites, flush can be easily seen and use insect repellent. stations, concessioner locations, by mail 30-day stay limit, except Big Meadows, toilets, coin showers, coin laundry and a If a tick attaches itself to your skin, remove or online from the Shenandoah National which has a 14-day stay limit during the camp store. - it with fine-pointed tweezers. Wash the area Park Association, 3655 U.S. Highway 211 peak season. All campgrounds allow pets, Loft Mountain (Mile 79.5) Rate is $15 thoroughly with soap and water. Rarely does East, Luray, VA 22835; (540) 999-3582, but they must be leashed at all times. There per night. The largest campground in part of the tick remain in the skin; if this oc- snpbooks.org. Free maps for day hikes are no hookups. Opening and closing dates the park has 202 sites, flush toilets, coin curs, seek medical attention. are available at visitor centers and entrance vary each year. For specific dates, visit showers, coin laundry, a dump station Lyme and other serious diseases can stations. To plan your trip before arriv- nps.gov/shen/planyourvisit. Rates are and a camp store. The group campsite be transmitted by deer ticks. Cases are ing at the park, download these maps at subject to change. formerly located here has been moved to documented each year in the park. The nps.gov/shen. Mathews Arm (Mile 22.2) Rate is $15 Dundo Picnic Grounds. There are three per night. There are 166 sites, flush toilets sites available from $35–$50 a night, ac- and a dump station. No showers or laundry commodating seven–25 people.- facilities are available. Note: Closed until *For additional RV information, visit A NATIONAL NATURAL LANDMARK September 1, 2017 due to construction. - gocampingamerica.com.

GRAND CAVERNS INVASIVE SPECIES: THE EMERALD ASH BORER Visitors may not bring outside firewood into Shenandoah National Park unless it is USDA- certified kiln dried. The Emerald Ash Borer, a non-native beetle from Asia discovered in the U.S. in 2002, feeds on ash trees and causes devastating results. Ash trees are a significant component of the park. This destructive beetle has already been found in the park and could kill millions of ash trees. You can help to mini- Dr. JamesDr. E. Zablotny/USFS/APHIS America’s Oldest Show Cave mize the chance of transporting this beetle into the park by purchasing firewood from within Ask about I-81 at Exit 235 the park only. You may also gather dead and down wood inside the park, or bring your own Help prevent Emerald Ash Borer infestation by Adventure Tours! www.grandcaverns.com charcoal if you are planning to cook. gathering wood from inside the park.

40 SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK | | SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK 41 PLAN YOUR VISIT HISTORY & CULTURE HISTORY & CULTURE

FORMATION OF THE eventually compressed the two layers into SHENANDOAH REGION metamorphic rock. The geologic story of Shenandoah Na- As a result of the eons-old shifting of the

tional Park began over 1 billion years ago. earth’s tectonic (or crustal) plates, North All photos courtesy of NPS; Molten magma, miles beneath the earth’s America and Africa collided. This re-elevated surface, slowly solidified to become the and fractured the sea floor, causing the “basement rock,” or core, of what we know older, underlying layer of metamorphic rock today as the . For the to tilt upward and slide over the younger next 500 million years, erosion and the up- layer, creating the towering mountain range lifting of the earth’s crust exposed the gra- that we call the Appalachians. nitic basement rock. You can see the granite The powerful forces of wind, water and component of this rock in frost have worn away the Appalachians for and its surroundings. nearly 250 million years. These forces con- Over millions of years, the uplift of the tinue to create and refine the spectacular earth’s crust formed deep cracks in the scenery of Shenandoah National Park. Wa- granite, which led to volcanic activity. For ter runoff, as demonstrated by the “500- centuries, molten basaltic lava burst forth year” rainstorm of June 1995, has carved and poured over the land, forming a smooth, the mountains’ distinctive alternating pat- flat plain called the “Catoctin Formation.” tern of ridges and valleys. As you explore (The bedrock underlying Big Meadows was the park, look for signs of its geologic his- formed by at least 12 of these lava flows, tory and how wind, water, frost and ice con- which collectively are approximately 1,800- tinue to sculpt the land. feet thick.) The cooling and contraction of the lava produced a network of polygonal cracks, HUMAN HISTORY or columnar jointing. Please see the “Sights The post-Ice Age people who knew these To See” chapter for more information. lands were hunters and gatherers. They were nomads who moved with the seasons, pick- THE APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS ing nuts and berries and hunting caribou, elk When continental drift (the separation and musk ox with spears and clubs. They of the Americas from the continents of Eu- had no permanent villages in the area that is rope and Africa) began about 600 million now Shenandoah National Park, but stayed in years ago, it formed a broad, shallow de- encampments for short periods of time. pression from Alabama to Newfoundland. Among the many native tribes living in and For 300 million years, an ancient sea flooded around the park area were the Monacans the area that is now the Appalachian Moun- and the Manahoacs, who lived in the region tains. Layers of water-borne sediments ac- just east of the Blue Ridge Mountains. These cumulated on the ocean floor, followed by were the tribes that explorer John Lederer, limestone sediments composed of fossil- a German physician and scholar, encountered Clockwise from top: Visitors try out Skyline Drive at its opening on Oct. 23, 1932; President Roosevelt visits the CCC camp in 1933; a CCC work crew aboard NPS truck gets ready to head out ized marine animals and shells. The weight on his journey to the Blue Ridge Mountains for the day; Herbert and Lou Henry Hoover sit on porch at Rapidan Camp; the first car on Skyline and resultant heat caused by the sediments in 1669. Drive pays at the North Entrance.

42 SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK | | SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK 43 HISTORY & CULTURE HISTORY & CULTURE

Around 1650, the tribes began suffer- most of whom lived in the lower Shenandoah doah’s camps to bolster public confidence in SHENANDOAH TODAY ing from new diseases, including smallpox, Valley. By 1800, many small industries— his “New Deal.” In the intervening decades, the forest measles and tuberculosis, introduced by such as tanneries and cider presses—were grew and wildlife began to proliferate. French and Dutch fur traders and early Tide- established. Mills, fueled by the resources SKYLINE DRIVE After more than 8,000 years of human water pioneers. It is estimated that 2,000 of the area’s mountains, provided work The construction of Skyline Drive started use, Shenandoah was returned to its Monacans and Manahoacs lived in the re- and markets for goods. Absentee landlords on July 18, 1931, before the park was es- more natural state and has become gion, but by 1730 most of them had died or and corporations that had been formed to tablished. It was initiated as a drought-relief one of the most beautiful areas in the moved away. extract mineral deposits and timber im- measure by President Herbert Hoover who National Park System. In September It is possible that Lederer was not the first pacted the natural resources. Bison, elk and had a fishing camp in the area. The road 1997, Skyline Drive Historic District was European explorer to visit the Blue Ridge wolves were extirpated and deer, bear and was first built by contractors who hired lo- listed in the National Register of Historic Mountains. Captain John Smith explored turkey became rare. cal farmers who needed work away from Places. More than 300 buildings and the Rappahannock River in 1608 and may The demands on the land began to take a the farm because of crop failures. In 1934, structures along Skyline Drive are listed have reached what is now Shenandoah Na- toll. During the late 19th century and the be- part of Skyline Drive opened temporarily to in the Register as representative of the tional Park, but Lederer was the first to leave ginning of the 20th, the fortunes of the peo- eager and curious visitors. “best of the 1930s.” a written account of his journey. With the ple of the Blue Ridge steadily declined. The road was essentially finished on In 2008, Skyline Drive was desig- help of native guides, Lederer reached the Chestnut blight arrived in 1904, August 29, 1939, during the Roosevelt ad- nated a National Historic Landmark. It crest of the mountains on March 18, 1669, carried into the United States by ministration. Most of the picnic grounds, also has the distinction of being one of and then spent six days hiking through the imported Chinese chestnut trees. With the comfort stations, overlooks and landscap- the most popular scenic byways in the snow, “hoping to find some passage through death of the chestnut in much of the east ing were built by the CCC. The cost of country. With your assistance, the NPS the Mountains.” He described steep slopes, over the next 30 years, a prime source of in- building this roadway was approximately can protect and preserve the cultural and thick brambles and a forest teeming with come rapidly vanished. About half the people $5 million at the time. natural resources of the park. wild game. had moved off the Blue Ridge by 1925, just as plans began to establish a national park EUROPEAN SETTLEMENTS here. Severe drought and a widespread epi- In 1716, Governor Alexander demic of hog cholera furthered the economic Spotswood led a well-supplied party of plight of a rural population, moving into the 63 men from Germanna, near present-day Great Depression. Fredericksburg, Virginia, across the moun- tains to the Shenandoah River and back. THE CIVILIAN CONSERVATION CORPS Spotswood was eager to encourage settle- In 1933, more than two years before the ment in the area before the French arrived to park was formally established, two Civilian Our best rates, free nights, perks begin their own settlements. He initiated a Conservation Corps (CCC) camps were and partner offers at over 1,000 hotels generous land grant program that exempted set up to help build visitor amenities. The settlers from taxes and attracted thousands CCC was one of the public works programs into the area. Germans from Pennsylvania, that Roosevelt created within months of tak- as well as the English and Scotch-Irish from ing office. In 1933, the first two CCC camps Virginia’s Tidewater region, began settling in located in national parks were established the Shenandoah Valley. at Skyland and Big Meadows. Congress took advantage of the future park's proxim- USING THE LAND ity to Washington, D.C., and used it to dem- The settlers moved into a forest rich with onstrate Roosevelt’s Depression cures. In ©2017 RLH Corporation. All Rights Reserved chestnut trees and wild game. By 1790, August 1933, the president took a highly there were about 67,000 people in the area, publicized whirlwind tour through Shenan-

44 SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK | | SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK 45 PLAN YOUR VISIT LODGING & DINING LODGING & DINING NPS

Shenandoah invites visitors to enjoy an In 2016, in preparation for the centen- array of lodging and dining options. From nial, many of the 285 rooms throughout the rustic accommodations at Skyland Re- each lodge received upgrades, including sort to the trailside huts along the Appa- new mattresses and Wi-Fi. The dining lachian Trail, there is a place for all tastes. rooms in Skyland and Big Meadow resorts Skyland Resort and Big Meadows Lodge were refurbished as well. Chefs at all of hold events throughout the season, includ- the restaurants in the park are working on ing Virginia wine tastings, culinary events, updating the menus incorporating ingredi- night sky programs and twilight hikes. ents sourced from local farms and suppli- In addition, there are two notable an- ers in Madison, Page, Greene and other nual events: the Blackberry Delight event surrounding counties. on July 22, 2017, and the 18th annual The Skyland Resort (Mile 41.7) offers Apple Butter Celebration on September accommodations with the ambiance of 23, 2017. Both are held at Skyland Resort the past century reflected in its rustic cab- from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. Each event fea- ins. There are 178 guest rooms, some of tures live entertainment, themed food, which have limited accessibility for those activities for kids, wine tasting for adults, with disabilities. There is a grab-and- Big Meadows Lodge plays host to a myriad of events that cater to visitors’ discerning tastes. and crafters and artisans. National Park go food counter, a gift shop, ranger pro- Rangers and NPS partners also attend, grams, horseback-riding, wine-tasting and welcome you with furnished bedrooms, try. Each cabin has a table and fireplace, on hand to answer any questions about culinary events. There are TVs in some but no refrigeration. Guests must bring bunks for eight to 12 people, a nearby Shenandoah and their respective roles in rooms. The resort is open late March to their own cooking utensils and cooler for spring and a pit toilet. The cabins are lo- contributing to the national park experi- late November. food. Units have private baths, lights, heat, cated at Range View (Mile 22.1), Corbin ence. Mark your calendars! The Skyland dining room serves fried towels and linen and there is a camp store (Mile 37.9), Rock Spring (Mile 48.1), Po- There are numerous other activities chicken, farm raised trout, roasted turkey, that sells basic food items. The cabins are cosin (Mile 59.5), Doyles River (Mile 81.1) at the park to choose from, too. Among as well as other regional dishes and their open from mid- to late-March though late and Jones Mountain. These cabins are them are cooking demos, canvas painting signature blackberry ice cream pie November. kept locked, so you must obtain a key and watercolor painting workshops and Big Meadows Lodge - (Mile 51) is named Eight trailside huts along the Appala- from PATC by mail prior to your visit. basket making workshops. And, whether for the large meadow near the resort. There chian Trail at intervals of eight to 14 miles Reservations can by made by contact- you are a novice or a veteran, anyone with are 27 rooms in the historic lodge and 72 are open to long-distance hikers who pos- ing PATC, 118 Park Street SE, Vienna, VA a sense of adventure would probably en- rooms in both rustic cabins and traditional- sess a valid backcountry camping permit 22180; (703) 242-0315 or patc.net. joy the rock climbing/rappelling programs style buildings, some with suites and some for three or more nights. These huts are Waysides () along Skyline Drive and guided hikes led by the Shenandoah with TVs. Ranger programs are available operated by the Potomac Appalachian feature lunch counters, snack bars, mountain guides. at nearby Byrd Visitor Center and vehicle Trail Club (PATC). They are located at stores and souvenirs. Elkwallow Wayside For a full event schedule and to make fuel is available at Big Meadows Wayside. Gravel Springs (Mile 17.6), Pass Moun- (Mile 24.1) is open early April to early No- lodging reservations, call (877) 247-9261 There is also nightly entertainment. Opens tain (Mile 31.6), Byrds Nest #3 (Mile 33.9), vember. Big Meadows Wayside (Mile 51.2) or visit goshenandoah.com. All Dela- mid-May. Like the Skyland Resort dining Rock Spring (Mile 48.1), Bearfence is open late March through mid-November ware North facilities accept American Ex- room (), the Big Meadows offers re- (Mile 56.8), Hightop (Mile 68.6), Pinefield and includes a full-service restaurant. Loft press, MasterCard, VISA and Discover. All gional dishes, such as fried chicken, trout, (Mile 75.2) and Blackrock (Mile 87.2) Mountain Wayside (Mile 79.5) is open mid- public areas and lodging accommodations prime rib and blackberry ice cream pie. The PATC operates six fully enclosed April to early November. are smoke-free environments. Lewis Mountain Cabins - (Mile 57.5) backcountry cabins in the backcoun-

46 SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK | | SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK 47 PLAN YOUR VISIT NATURE & WILDLIFE NATURE & WILDLIFE NPS

Shenandoah boasts more species of nests. May brings azaleas, golden ragwort, plants than all the countries of Europe violets and marsh marigold. From June to combined! Over the past seven decades, August, there is a vivid succession of black- Shenandoah has seen the return of many eyed Susans, delicate Queen Anne’s trees, flowers and animals native to the lace, asters, mountain laurel and evening area. As the earth reclaims what had been primrose. Changing colors of the leaves in temporarily fashioned into farmland, the for- the fall compete with asters, harebell and est gains an ever-increasing foothold. goldenrod. A wildlife and plant observation log Butterfly weed (Asclepias tuberosa) is kept at the Byrd Visitor Center desk. is a native plant species that stands from We encourage you to add your sightings one to three feet in height. With clusters of to the list. orange flowers on the top, it is great sub- ject matter for photography. The plant often FLOWERS grows along Skyline Drive. Other native There are more than 1,100 species of flow- plants that can be found in the park include ering plants in Shenandoah, including 18 vari- the following: eties of orchids. The march of flowers begins Harebell (Campanula rotundifolia) is a with the arrival of spring, when longer days blue, bell-like flower that blooms in the latter and warmer temperatures breed bloodroot half of the summer. It grows in dry grass- and hepatica. In April, the trillium, dogwood lands, on cliffs and in shallow soil. and violets bloom, while birds court and build Bloodroot (Sanguinaria canadensis) gets its name from the red sap contained in the stout rhizomes (root-like stalks). Marsh marigold (Caltha palustris) is FUN FACTS also known as cowslip. This showy yellow flower grows in masses in slow, seepy ar- Clockwise from top left: Ferns carpet the forest floor; a balsam fir towers above the canopy; stately Q. WHEN WILL THE eas in the spring. trees line the paths of this ancient forest. FALL LEAVES IN THE PARK PEAK IN TREES as red oak, ash and basswood flourish By 1904, a fungus, Endothia para- COLOR? Shenandoah nurtures about 100 species along the streams. sitica, found its way to the United States. A. The peak season for fall of trees, 47 species of ferns and mosses, The American chestnut (Castanea Quickly spread by insects and wind, it en- colors is usually mid-to-late and hundreds of different fungi. This re- dentata) accounted for about a quarter tered the bark of the tree, caused redden- October; however, it is dependent on gion was once dominated by the American of all the trees in Shenandoah when Eu- ing and splitting, and ultimately death. This the weather. The fall colors start at the chestnut and a variety of oak trees. Today, ropeans first arrived here. It was a valu- chestnut blight affected the entire range higher altitudes and move down the mountain to the lower elevations over oak and hickory are dominant in the park. able, fast-growing tree, with an average of chestnuts in America, and by the early time. The black locust is generally the first height of about 80 feet, and a trunk with a 1930s, the trees were almost extinct. Re- tree to grow in fields and meadows. Pitch diameter of three to four feet. Durable and mains of this once-beautiful tree can be For answers to all your questions, pine, Virginia pine and scrub oak dot straight-grained, its wood was popular found in the park today. Sprouts grow from go to OhRanger.com the dry slopes of the southern section for constructing homes and its nuts were old stumps to even produce a few chest- of the park, while cove hardwoods such eaten by squirrels, turkey and people. nuts before succumbing to the blight.

48 SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK | | SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK 49 NATURE & WILDLIFE NATURE & WILDLIFE

WATCHABLE WILDLIFE SEASONAL CALENDAR

1 2 3 1 2

4 5 6 3 4 1 BLACK BEAR (Ursus americanus) 4 RACCOON (Procyon lotor) 1 SPRING Spring is the time for blooming 3 FALL Goldenrod is a harbinger of autumn, Bears like to feed on juicy plant parts, in- Raccoons are highly intelligent, adaptable wildflowers and migrating birds. Look for he- when leaves turn and the migratory birds fly sect larvae, fruits, nuts, acorns and animals. They are nocturnal and generally patica, bloodroot, blue-eyed grass, golden rag- south. White snakeroots, asters, gentians and occasionally meat. To survive the seen in the early morning or late evening in wort and trillium in the woodlands during April goldenrod bloom as the colorful fall display of scar­city of food in winter, bears cut wooded areas. Raccoons are omnivorous, and May. Pink azaleas usually bloom in mid- leaves begins in late September and reaches its their metabolic rates in half. They don’t feeding primarily on small mammals, fruits, May to early June, while mountain laurel blos- peak in mid- to late October. Migratory birds usually hibernate but do sleep a lot. nuts, fish and insects. • Weight 10–30 lbs soms mid- to late June in the park’s higher travel south to their winter nesting grounds in • Weight 200–585 lbs • Length 4.5–6.5 ft • Length 2–3 ft • Active year-round. elevations. The peak of the bird migration is in the southern United States, Mexico, the Carib- • Less active in winter. late April and early May, when birds come to bean, Central America and South America. For 5 TURKEY VULTURE (Cathartes aura) nest and breed in the Blue Ridge Mountains. protection from predatory birds, songbirds fly in 2 BOBCAT (Lynx rufus) Of all the birds soaring in the air, the most When Canada warblers, scarlet tanagers, groups at night. They then rest and forage dur- Bobcats usually avoid humans, so see- impressive may be the turkey vulture. wood thrushes and black-throated blue ing the day. Hawks migrate by day; their peak ing one is a rare treat. Remaining active These scavengers are most often found warblers arrive, they fill the forests with trill- migration through the park is in mid-September. during the day, bobcats normally prey foraging for carrion above open country, ing and songs. Butterflies you may see in the on smaller animals, such as rabbits and especially within a few miles of the rocky spring include the spring azure and the east- 4 WINTER Winter in Shenandoah is cold and mice. In spring, bobcats give birth to be- or wooded areas that they use for nest- ern tiger swallowtail. quiet as life slows down, but as you explore tween one and seven kittens. • Weight ing. • Weight 3.5–5 lbs • Length 24–28 in the park you will find that it is full of life. It is 10–25 lbs • Length 3.5 ft (including tail) • Wingspan 6 ft • Active year-round. 2 SUMMER Summer is a busy time in Shenan- important to keep your eyes and ears open • Active year-round. doah, as plants, flowers and animals raise for signs of animals. You may hear the hoot 6 WHITE-TAILED DEER (Odocoileus their young. The blossoms of fairy candles are of the owl, the caw of the raven or the gobble 3 GROUNDHOG (Marmota monax) virginianus) seen in the forest in July, and Turk’s cap lilies of the wild turkey, all of which are year-round Also known as a woodchuck, the ground- The aptly named white-tailed deer are and evening primroses bloom in open areas. residents of the park. The chickadee, downy hog’s short, powerful limbs and curved, thick commonly seen along Skyline Drive graz- In August, false foxgloves are found in groves woodpecker, titmouse and other small birds claws are well adapted for digging. They live ing on green plants and woody vegetation. of oak trees. Look for black-eyed Susans as flock together during winter to forage and for in burrows with two to five entrances, which Thanks to their four-part stomach, they can well. By July, the fledglings must learn to fly protection. Some northern birds, such as the are their primary means of escape from pred- consume food that other mammals cannot. and leave the nest. You’ll see chestnut-sided white-throated sparrow, hermit thrush and ators. Herbivorous, groundhogs primarily eat Deer can be active at any time of the night or day. warblers, indigo buntings, phoebes, gray purple finch, also winter in the park. Animals? wild grasses. • Weight 5–8.5 lbs • Size 1.5– • Weight 90–310 lbs • Length 6–7 ft • catbirds and goldfinches nesting here. But- Look for tracks in the snow from turkeys, deer 2.5 ft • Inactive in winter. Active year-round. terflies include the monarch and the great and bobcats. Against the white snow, it is spangled fritillary. sometimes actually easier to spot wildlife.

50 SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK | | SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK 51 PLAN YOUR VISIT PHOTOGRAPHY

The ecosystems of America’s national behavior so that you can be prepared for and state parks and public lands are among what it will do next. the most diverse on the planet—from the • The eyes have it. Capturing your subject’s wetlands of the Everglades to the temper- eyes will lead the viewer into the picture ate rain forests of Olympic National Park and make your image more impactful. and the deserts of Death Valley to the Always keep the eyes in focus and try to mountains of Yellowstone and Grand Tetons. place them in the power points (the inter- For both aspiring and experienced photogra- section of rule of third guidelines). phers, the goal of any trip to a national park • Keep a safe distance. You’ll want to keep is to capture its endemic wildlife. a minimum of 25 yards between you and Taking photographs of animals presents a your subject and more than 75 yards for unique set of challenges. Landscapes cooper- larger predators. That means that you’ll ate; wildlife does not. Not only are animals need a big telephoto lens if you want to get likely to react to a photographer’s presence, up close and personal. but they are also driven by their own instincts • Shoot in burst mode. Instead of taking a and behavior, which can make capturing them single frame, increase the probability that difficult. The tips below will help you compose you’ll capture the behavior, head position or better wildlife images of all creatures great angle by capturing multiple frames. and small—from the bison to the tiniest hum- • Be prepared. Wildlife, and particularly birds, mingbird and everything in between. move quickly and without provocation. • Use a tripod. If you are using a large tele- Practice your panning skills to better catch AD photo lens, consider investing in a gimbal birds when they alight. head, which will make it easier to track your • Timing is everything. The best time to subject. photograph wildlife is during the golden • Know your subject. Before you take out hours—at dusk and dawn—when the light your camera, understand your subject’s is soft and less likely to cast harsh shadows across your subject’s face. • Keep it simple. The easiest way to draw attention to your subject is to use a simple background. Use a shallow depth of field to JPecha/iStock blur any distracting backgrounds. • Aim for the action. Make your image more compelling by capturing your sub- ject exhibiting its natural behavior—flying, hunting, eating or caring for young. The best way to take better photographs is to practice, and you don’t need to go far. Buy a bird feeder and build a studio in your backyard, where you’ll be able to create Don’t miss your shot! Be aware of your surroundings. your own version of A Star(ling) is Born.

52 SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK | PLAN YOUR VISIT JUST FOR KIDS

EARTHCACHING visitor center or gift shop, complete the ac- The EarthCache program combines ex- tivities inside, and earn a Junior Ranger patch ploring selected trails and learning about or badge. Check at a visitor center for Junior the history and geology of the park. It is an Ranger Program schedules and locations. Ex- educational experience that combines mod- plorer Ranger Activity books (ages 13 and up) ern technology­­ using GPS with an outdoor are also available for free at visitor centers on adventure. a first-come, first-served basis. There are free This family-friendly activity is fun for all downloads of all activities at nps.gov/shen/ ages and skill levels. EarthCaching is a “vir- learn/kidsyouth/index.htm. tual” hunt that contains no physical hidden WebRanger teaches you how to care for container or cache. EarthCaching is a hunt for your national parks and the world around the Earth’s natural and geological features as you. Visit nps.gov/webrangers and take the the “treasure.” Instead of leaving or removing WebRanger pledge. Print and sign your We- anything, EarthCachers document observa- bRanger membership card. Finish the activi- tions, answer questions and then report find- ties in a “ranger station” for an award. ings on the EarthCache website. A FAMILY AFFAIR BECOME A JUNIOR, EXPLORER Ranger-led programs are ideal for RANGE OR WEBRANGER families to learn about the park together. Pick up a complimentary Junior Ranger Walks, talks and evening programs are of- Explorer Notebook (ages 7–12) at any fered spring through fall. AD NPS

Take a ranger-led program to get an insider’s view of Shenandoah.

54 SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK | PLAN YOUR VISIT IF YOU ONLY HAVE A DAY

Driving Skyline Drive is the perfect way Shenandoah River, showing even today to acquaint yourself with Shenandoah. The why it was an important Civil War site used road curves along the entire length of the by the Confederate troops to relay signals. park and mileposts help locate park facili- Range View Overlook (Mile 17.1), ties, services and areas of interest. at 2,800 feet, is reputed to be the best view of the northern section of the park, DRIVE FOR A WHILE as well as of the Massanutten and Al- Driving from one of the four entrances legheny mountains. Driving at dawn, stop to the next exit takes about an hour. At at South River Overlook (Mile 62.7) most developed areas along Skyline Drive to savor the sunrise at this 3,000-foot are interpretive signs and bulletin boards elevation. with information. Several trails are eas- The historic Big Meadows Lodge ily reachable from Skyline Drive. See the (Mile 51) is also worth a stop. Take time to “Walking & Hiking” chapter for more explore the property or enjoy a meal in the information. rustic setting of the lodge’s dining room.

SCENIC OVERLOOKS RANGER-LED TOURS There are 75 scenic overlooks along You might also want to join one of the Skyline Drive. One of the northernmost park’s many ranger programs, hikes, ones, Signal Knob Overlook (Mile 5.7), is walks or talks. Topics include history, ani- a must-stop for history buffs. Signal Knob mals, tours of historic park structures and AD rises on Massanutten Mountain across the hikes along the Appalachian Trail. NPS

WSD-F20

*1 Original Casio criteri *2 •Drop: Tested in conformance with MIL-STD-810G Method 516.7 Procedure IV. •Random Vibration: Tested in conformance with MIL-STD-810G Method 514.7 Procedure I. •Humidity: Tested in conformance with MIL-STD-810G Method 507.6 Procedure II. •Solar-Radiation: Tested in conformance with MIL-STD-810G Method 505.6 Procedure II. •Non-Operating Altitude: Tested in conformance with MIL-STD-810G Method 500.6 Procedure I. •Operating Altitude: Tested in conformance with MIL-STD-810G Method500.6ProcedureII. •Non-Operating High Temperature: Tested in conformance with MIL-STD-810G Method 501.6 Procedure I •Non-Operating Low Temperature: Tested in conformance with MIL-STD-810G Method 502.6 Procedure I. •Temperature Shock: Tested in conformance with MIL-STD-810G Method 503.6 Procedure I-C. •Icing Freezing Rain: Tested in conformance with MIL-STD-810G Method 521.4 Procedure I. (The performance of this instrument has been confirmed under various test environments, but its operation in actual use is not guaranteed for every environment. Freedom from breakage or failure can also not be guaranteed.) •This product conforms to the JIS C 61000-3-2 harmonic electrical current standard. •This product is in conformity with or certified to the Radio Law, Telecommunications Business Law and VCCI. •The screen design shown is correct at the time of development. Actual design may vary. •The final specifications may differ from those shown. *Bluetooth® and Bluetooth SIG are registered trademarks. *Wi-Fi are Wi-Fi Alliance registered trademarks. *Android, Android Wear and other terms are trademarks of Google Inc. *Other service and product names are, in general, trademarks or registered trademarks of the companies concerned.

Take a trail to one of the park's many summits and overlooks for a view of Shenandoah's rolling hills. protrek.casio.com

56 SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK |

FREEDOM IN EVERY DIRECTION THE ALL NEW 2017 COMPASS AD

©2017 FCA US LLC. All Rights Reserved. Jeep is a registered trademark of FCA US LLC.

The All-New 2017 Jeep Compass Limited. With a highway fuel economy that’s best in its class, the freedom to explore all of America’s best parks is yours.

Jeep is proud to be a founding member of Tread Lightly!

For artwork inquiries, contact [email protected] | For print inquiries, contact [email protected]

FCA_US Mechanical Size Final Output Size Team Corporate R. Sievert, B. Fernandez, N. Montieth, G. Hammes, J. Polanin, K. Summers, S. Manfrin, S. Koller, C. Scale 1" = 1" Bleed 5.875" w x 8.875" h Ad # FBCJE74907_American_Pk_Nat'l Nieto, E. Ruby, T. Waterloo Trim 5.375" w x 8.375" h Job # P74907 WO# 3 Final Output 100% Safety 4.75" w x 7.75" h Destination(s) Studio PO# 25574 Bleed 5.875" w x 8.875" h American Park National Print_Magazine, , Page, 4/C Bleed Trim 5.375" w x 8.375" h Safety 4.75" w x 7.75" h

File Name P74907_FBCJE74907_American_Pk_Natl.indd Document Path DDB:FCA_US_LLC:Active_Work:FBCJE_Jeep:P74907_FBCJE_Compass:Mechanicals:P74907_FBCJE74907_American_Pk_Natl.indd Revision # 1 Links Fonts Inks Creative Date Created 4-20-2017 12:25 PM MXM_JCP17US4_900Res_V1.psd (CMYK; 2072 ppi; 43.44%), TreadLightlyLogo_White.psd (CMYK; 389 Slug Font Myriad Pro Family Cyan Account Group Saved 4-21-2017 2:27 PM ppi; 18.48%), Jeep_Rev.ai (17.15%) Gotham (Black, Medium; OpenType), Magenta Print Producer [email protected] Printed 4-21-2017 3:20 PM United Italic SemiExt (Bold; OpenType), Yellow Lead Digital Artist emily ruby Print Scale None United Italic Reg (Medium; OpenType) Black Digital Artist emily ruby InDesign CC 2015 Retoucher tom waterloo Notes Proofreader