DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT Brick Earth Mining & Other Mining Second Edition - November 2019

S S

Consultant/FaCilitor

WEst BEnGal, Email : [email protected] DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: , 2019

CONFIDENTIALITY CLAUSE

This District Survey Report (DSR) of Gomati District, Tripura, has been prepared by RSP Green Development and Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Howrah, West Bengal, India.

Any reproduction, direct or indirect other than for the specific purpose for which the report has been prepared, should not be carried out, without prior written consent of RSP Green Development and Laboratories Pvt. Ltd. and Govt. of Tripura.

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Last but not the least, RSP Green Development and Laboratories Pvt. Ltd. record their sincere thanks and gratefulness to the Government functionaries of Tripura and prominent citizens of Gomati district and also the villagers in and around the villages who have offered their fullest cooperation unhesitatingly but for which the execution of the work would have not become as smooth as it has been.

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

With Thanks ……………….

Department & Designated person(s) Designation District Administration: Shri Tarun Kanti Debnath, IAS District Magistrate (DM) Shri Pranesh Lal Chakma, TCS Addl. District Magistrate All Officers District Administration

Forest: Dr. Alind Rastogi, IFS, PCCF & HoFF Shri Mahender Singh, IFS, DFO Shri Tapojyoti Kishore Debbarma, TFS SDFO Shri Abhijit Dey SDFO All Officers Forest Dept (H.O)

DSTE: Shri Animesh Das, IAS Director All Officers Dte. of Science,Technology & Environment

TSPCB: Dr. Basant Kumar Agarwala Chairman Dr. Mihir Kumar Das Scientist-C & SEAC Secretary All Officers Tripura State Pollution Control Board

Rural Development: Er. Shri Swapan Kumar Das Chief Engineer All Officers RD Department

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

CONTENTS

Sl. No. Contents Page Nos. 1. Preface 06-06 2. Introduction 07-08 3. General Profile of the District 09-27 4. Physiography of the District 28-28 5. Land Use Pattern of the District 28-31 6. Geology 32-34 7. Geological and Mineral Map of Tripura 35-37 8. Geomorphology 38-41 9. Soil types 42-42 10. Natural Hazards 42-42 11. Mineral Resources 43-43 Methodology of Brick Earth and Ordinary 12. 43-43 Earth mining and Guiding Principles 13. Over view of Mining Activity in the District 43-43 Brick Earth Mining: Quantifications & 14. 44-44 Recommendations Ordinary Earth Mining: Quantifications & 15. 45-45 Recommendations Economic Impact of Mining: Brick Earth 16. 46-46 Mining & Ordinary Earth Mining 17. Concluding Remarks 47-47

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

Page Sl. No. List of Maps & Figures Nos. 1. Map 1: Administrative Map of Gomati District 8 2. Map 2: Location Map of Gomati District 10 3. Map 3: River System Map of Gomati District 17 4. Map 4: Drainage Pattern Map of Gomati District 20 5. Map 5: Forest Map of Gomati District 26 6. Map 6: Land Use Map of Gomati District 30 7. Map 7: Forest Map of Gomati District 31 8. Map 8: Geological Map of Gomati District 33 9. Map 9: Elevation Map of Gomati District 40 10. Map 10: Drainage Network Map of Gomati District 41

1. Fig 1: Bar Diagram of Average Rainfall, Gomati District 14 2. Fig 2: Pie Chart of Average Rainfall, Gomati District 14 3. Fig 3: Bar Diagram of Estimated Population, Gomati District 21 4. Fig 4: Pie chart of Male & Female population, Gomati District 22 5. Fig 5: Bar Diagram of Literacy Rate, Gomati District 22 6. Fig 6: Pie Chart of Literacy Rate, Gomati District 23 Fig 7: Bar diagram of land use pattern- Forest & Agricultural 7. 29 land, Gomati District Fig 8: Pie chart of land use pattern of Forest & Agriculture , 8. 29 Gomati District

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

1. PREFACE:

On 15 January 2016, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India issued a notification and in which Para 7(iii) (a) and Annexure (x), purpose and structure of District Survey Report has been discussed. District Survey Report (DSR) will be prepared in every district for each minor mineral. The District Survey Report will guide systematic and scientific utilization of natural resources, so that present and future generation may be benefited at large. The guidelines of MoEF&CC will support that fundamental concept, promoting environmental protection, limiting negative physiological, hydrological and social impacts under pinning sustainable economic growth. It is really an enigma that all earth materials are not used for making bricks. The rudiments of the subject lie within the geology of soil characteristics. Mostly, the presence of clayey soils is the fulcrum of brick earth industry. On this parlance, we can say that the abundance of clayey soil seems to tilt the scales in favour of brick maker (Lessee). So, they should have a business acumen and eye catching overall performances to do this plum job within a time frame of consecutive five years.

This District Survey Report (DSR) will contain mainly data published and endorsed by various departments and websites about Geology of the area, Mineral wealth details of the investigated area, details of Lease and Mining activity in the District along with brick earth mining and revenue of minerals. This report also contains details of Forest, Rivers, Soil, Agriculture, climate and other geo- morphological unit.

Gomati district is a district of Tripura, India. This district was created in January 2012 when four new districts were created in Tripura, taking the number of districts in the state from four to eight. is its headquarters. Gomati District is situated approximately between East longitude 91 degrees 18 minutes and 91 degrees 59 minutes and between North lattitude 22 degrees 56 minutes and 23 degrees 45 minutes. The Gomati District is bounded on the North by and Gomati District, while on the other sides by international border with Bangladesh. The total geographical area of Gomati District is 2,966 Sq.km which is about 25% of the total state area.

Disclaimer: The data may vary due to flood, heavy rains and other natural calamities. Therefore, it is recommended that SEIAA may take into consideration all its relevant aspects/ data while scrutinizing and recommending the application for EC to the concerned Authority.

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

2. INTRODUCTION:

The Gomati District with it’s headquarter at Udaipur was created in the year 2012. Udaipur is popularly known as the city of lakes and was the capital of Tripura till 1760 A.D. The city is famous for its Mata which is situated about 3 km away from Udaipur at Matabari. The temple is one of the 51 Mahapithasthans of India. The Gomati figures prominently in Tripura's indigenous folklore, culture, religious rites and ritual so much so that tribal people perform posthumous rites dedicated to their departed near and dear ones on the bank of the river Gomati in the conviction that ablution with the consecrated water of the sacred river will pave the way for ascendance to heaven of their departed dear ones. As part of the administrative reorganisation effected in October last year the Gomati district comprising Udaipur, Amarpur and newly created Karbook subdivisions was created as a truncated version of the erstwhile .Topographically,the Gomati district is marked by lush green and fertile Gomati valleys and the towering Debtamura hill range which straddles Udaipur and Amarpur subdivisions of the district with its exquisite sculptural works carved on panels of the hills.

There are 3(three) principal hill ranges in Gomati District. The South Baramura and Deotamura hill ranges are completely in Gomati District while a part of Atharamura hill range also comes in the District. Deotamura is the principal hill range of Gomati District having a length of 85 Km. and forms the boundary between Amarpur and Udaipur Sub-Division.

Bricks are made by Indian uneducated, unskilled and unemployed labourers. Brick kilns are largest temporary employment provider in Tripura as well as in our country and provide employment to the poorest section of the population who are in a ditch of financial crisis.

The local villagers in and around the brick kilns are the key source of “Human Resource” and they boost up the speed of the business of brick kiln industry tailoring their entire manual effort just to alleviate their financial doldrums. The upliftment of socio-economic conditions of these labourers is dependent on the fate of the demand supply gap for pucca bricks in local market. The overwhelming demand of bricks and fabulous response from customers for purchasing bricks put the responsibilities on the shoulders of proprietor of brick maker ensuring a good future of this business.

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

Map 1: Administrative Map of Gomati District

Source : Gomati District Profile

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

3. GENERAL PROFILE OF THE DISTRICT:

a) GENERAL INFORMATION:

Geographical Area: The State of Tripura lies approximately between the latitudes 22 degrees 56 minutes, and 24 degrees 32 minutes North and between longitudes 91 degrees 0 minutes and 92 degrees 22 minutes East. Gomati District is situated approximately between East longitude 91 degrees 18 minutes and 91 degrees 59 minutes and between North latitude 22 degrees 56 minutes and 23 degrees 45 minutes. The Gomati District is bounded on the North by Dhalai district and Gomati District, while on the other sides by international border with Bangladesh. The total geographical area of Gomati District is 2,966 Sq.km which is about 25% of the total state area.

Geographical Position: There are 3(three) principal hill ranges in Gomati District. The South Baramura and Deotamura hill ranges are completely in Gomati District while a part of Atharamura hill range also comes in the District. Deotamura is the principal hill range of Gomati District having a length of 85 km. and forms the boundary between Amarpur and Udaipur Sub-Division.

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

Map 2: Location map of Gomati District

Source : Gomati District Profile

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

Administrative Divisions (Sub-Divisions, Blocks):-

SUB DIVISION REVENEU CIRCLE TEHSIL UDAIPUR UDAIPUR RADHAKISHORPUR, MATARBARI, GORJI, DHAJANAGAR, DAKSHIN CHANDRAPUR KILLA KILLA, PITTRA, MOHARANI, BAGMA, RAIABARI, KHUPILONG KAKRABON JAMJURI, KAKRABON, SHALGORA, MIRJA, DUDHPUSHKARINI AMARPUR AMARPUR BIRGANJ, MALBASA, NATUN BAZAR, AMARPUR AUMPI SONACHHARA, AUMPINAGAR, TAIDUBARI, BAMPUR KARBOOK KARBOOK CHELAGANG, KARBOOK, JATANBARI SILACHHARI SILACHHARI, GORAKAPA

Population (As per Census 2011):- The projected population of GOMATI District alone is 4, 41,538, with break-up of males 2, 25,428 and females 2, 16,110.

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

b) CLIMATIC CONDITION:

The climate of the District is mostly warm and is characterized by a humid summer and a dry cool winter with plenty of rains during July to October. Rainfall is received from the South - West Monsoon, which normally breaks in the month of May. Hailstorm generally occurs during the month of April & May, occasionally causing damage to the field crops. Autumn and Spring are of very short duration. Average annual rainfall in the district is about 2000 mm and the temperature varies between a maximum of 35.23 and a minimum of 7.43 Celsius. The variation in temperature is much lower during the rains than during any other season.

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

c) RAINFALL:

SN MONTH AVERAGE RAINFALL (cm) 1 January 0 2 February 3.22 3 March 18.63 4 April 38.62 5 May 32.58 6 June 44.40 7 July 35.66 8 August 22.85 9 September 19.40 10 October 10.55 11 November 12.55 12 December 0

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

RAINFALL IN cm

DECEMBER NOVEMBER OCTOBER SEPTEMBER AUGUST JULY JUNE RAINFALL IN cm MAY APRIL MARCH FEBRUARY JANUARY 0 10 20 30 40 50

Fig 1: Bar diagram of average rainfall (Gomati District)

RAINFALL IN cm 0% 0% 1% JANUARY 4% 5% FEBRUARY 8% 8% MARCH APRIL 10% MAY 16% JUNE JULY 15% AUGUST SEPTEMBER 14% OCTOBER

19% NOVEMBER DECEMBER

Fig 2: Pie chart of average rainfall (Gomati district)

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

d) TEMPERATURE:

Tropical climatic conditions reign in Tripura. During summer the diurnal temperature goes above 30 to 31 degree Celsius and in winter it can drop down around 9 degree Celsius. e) WIND DIRECTION AND PATTERN: The secondary data of wind direction is not available from Meteorological department of the State. So construction of Wind Rose diagram is not possible to show the wind direction and its pattern. f) DRAINAGE & IRRIGATION: Irrigation system upon which agricultural activities depend is entirely controlled by the local drainage system i.e., streams, rivers, canals, cherras and dug out wells. g) TOPOGRAPHY & TERRAIN:

Gomati Tripura is a predominantly hilly area. About 60% of its land is hilly, while the remaining 40% is plane land, even the plane land is not a dad level land rather it is broken by many low hills and tillas of 30-60 m in elevation, covered with trees and shrubs. The topography is immature. The major geomorphic elements observed in the area are both structural and topographic ‘highs’ & ‘depressions’, ‘flats’ and ‘slopes’, sculptured on the topographic surface in a linear and aerial fashion. In the district the topographic highs & lows are in accordance with the normal first order structural elements. The ground rises from West- East. The general elevation varies between 600m in the north eastern part to 15 m in the west. The district is dissected by two broad and long valleys viz, – –Amarpur – Silachari, – Udaipur – . These valleys are located between the N-S trending parallel to sub parallel antiformal hill ranges (Topographic Highs) such as the Baramura – Devtamura ranges & the Atharamura range. These strike ridges form part of the water shade of the Meghna Basin of Bangladesh fed by the river Gomati.

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

h) WATER COURSE & HYDROLOGY:

The principal rivers flowing through the district are, Gomati. The river Gomati originates from the range connecting the Longtharai and Atharamura. At its source, two rivulates, namely, Kalyansing and Malyansing meet, thereafter it takes the name of Raimacherra till it meets the Sharmacherra. Later it assumes the name Gomati. The River Gomati which is about 135 km. Long runs across the sub-divisions Gandacherra, now under Dhalai District, Amarpur and Udaipur under Gomati District and Sonamura Sub-Division of GomatiDistrict. The river Muhuri has its source in the Deotamura range. It is more than 64 km. long and has a catchment area of 1014 sq.km. and it flows westwards through hillocks and plains of Belonia sub-division till it enters Bangladesh. At the source of river Feni, there are three streams known as the Asslang, the Rangafeni and Taindung, of which the Asslang is the principal channel. The river Feni forms the natural boundary between the Gomati District and Bangladesh.

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

Map 3: River system map of Gomati District

Source : Gomati District Profile

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

i) GROUND WATER DEVELOPMENT: VES curve at Tepania is classified as Type QH Curve reflecting the presence of four subsurface layers which gives the resistivity relationship of ρ1 > ρ2 > ρ3 < ρ4. VES curve at Matabari and Amarpur is classified as Type Q Curve reflecting the presence of three subsurface layers which gives the resistivity relationship of ρ1 > ρ2 > ρ3. VES curve at South Karbook is classified as Type K Curve reflecting the presence of three subsurface layers which gives the resistivity relationship of ρ1 < ρ2 > ρ3. VES curve at East Karbook is classified as Ascending Type Curve reflecting the presence of two subsurface layers which gives the resistivity relationship of ρ1 > ρ2. All the VES curves are presented in Fig. 6 (Fig. 6a to Fig. 6e).

From the interpreted true resistivities at Gomati district, Tripura, we can see that subsurface formations are highly variable. At Tepania we can see four subsurface layers out of which the top layer is generally formed with coarse sand particles, the second layer is generally formed with clay mixed with fine sand particles, the third layer is generally formed with clay mixed with very fine sand particles and the bottom layer is generally formed with very coarse sand particles with gravel. At Matabari we can see three subsurface layers out of which the top layer is generally formed with coarse sand particles, the second layer is generally formed with clay with conserved moisture contents and the bottom layer is generally formed with clay. At Amarpur we can see three subsurface layers out of which the top layer is generally formed with silty clay, the second layer is generally formed with clay mixed with fine sand particles and the bottom layer is generally formed with clay with conserved moisture contents. At South Karbook we can see three subsurface layers out of which the top layer is generally formed with clay with conserved moisture contents, the second layer is generally formed with clay mixed with fine sand particles and the bottom layer is generally formed with clay. At East Karbook we can see two subsurface layers out of which the top layer is generally formed with coarse sand particles and the bottom layer is generally formed with clay. The two important Dar Zarouk parameters viz. Total Transverse Resistance and Total Longitudinal Conductance calculated for each VES point for this study area varies within 0.747 ohm-m 2 to 46293.1 ohm-m 2 and 0.00713 Siemens to 2.7599 Siemens respectively. From the values it can be seen that Teliamura, Paharpur and South Karbook are the locations which have both the above said parameters value near the maximum i.e., these are the locations having good groundwater potential and Maheshpur and Kathalia are the locations which have both the above said parameters value near the minimum i.e., these are the locations having poor groundwater potential.

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

j) DRAINAGE SYSTEM (GENERAL):

The overall drainage pattern of the district is dendritic. The principal rivers flowing through the district are, Gomati. The river Gomati originates from the range connecting the Longtharai and Atharamura. At its source, two rivulets, namely, Kalyansing and Malyansing meet, thereafter it takes the name of Raimacherra till it meets the Sharmacherra. Later it assumes the name Gomati. The River Gomati which is about 135 km. Long runs across the sub-divisions Gandacherra, now under Dhalai District, Amarpur and Udaipur under Gomati District and Sonamura sub-division of .

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

Map 4: Drainage Pattern Map of Gomati District Source : Gomati District Profile

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

k) DEMOGRAPHY: Tripura is the second most populous state in the North-East India, next only to Assam. Once the indigenous Borok communities dominated the state, but at present the ST population comprising of 19 tribes has become a minority in its own land due to the large influx of immigrants mainly the Bengali-speaking people from Bangladesh (Debbarma, 2009) (According to census 2011)

(ref: DIARY 2018, GOVT. OF TRIPURA)

PARAMETERS PARTICULARS TOTAL POPULATION 4,41,538 MALE 2,25,428 FEMALE 2,16,110 SC 74, 430 ST 1,88,554 OVERALL LITERACY RATE 84.50 MALE LITERACY RATE 89.94 FEMALE LITERACY RATE 78.90 FEMALE PER THOUSAND MALE 959

(ref: GOVERNMENT OF TRIPURA- DIARY 2018 & DISTRICT PROFILE- GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA)

ST

SC

FEMALE PARTICULARS PARAMETER

MALE

0 50000 100000 150000 200000 250000 POPULATION

Fig 3: Bar diagram of estimated population (Gomati District) Page | 21 Prepared By: RSP GREEN DEVELOPMENT & LABORATORIES PVT. LTD. QCI- NABET ACCREDITIED EIA CONSULTANT (NABET/EIA/1922/IA0049).

DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

ST, 188554

MALE, 225428

SC, 74430

FEMALE, 216110

Fig 4: Pie chart of estimated population (Gomati District)

LITERACY RATE

FEMALE LITERACY RATE 78.9

LITERACY RATE

MALE LITERACY RATE 89.94

70 75 80 85 90 95

Fig 5: Bar diagram of literacy rate (Gomati District)

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

FEMALE LITERACY

RATE, 78.9 MALE LITERACY RATE, 89.94

Fig 6: Pie chart of literacy rate (Gomati District)

l) CROPPING PATTERN:

Agriculture is the main occupation. However, only 31.61% of the land in the district is cultivable. The holdings are small, and agriculture is mainly rainfed and at subsistence level. The State Government has set before itself a target of attaining self-sufficiency in food production by 2010 A.D. As a result of this, a number of activities are undertaken these days to bring more land under cultivation, make them irrigable and increase the productivity. A large population however is daily labourer, which depends on the employment generation schemes of the Government. As a result of weak economic base and lack of industrial development and entrepreneurship, dependency on the Government is very high. An analysis of occupational structure in the District shows that about 12.6% are cultivators, 8-9% are agricultural labourers and 1.61% are dependent on trade and commerce. The non-working population is about 68% which is an indication of the weak economic base and under-development. About 72% of the rural population is living below poverty line. Paddy is the main food crop grown. Potato, sugarcane, mesta, jute, mustard, etc. are some other crops grown in the district. Tea, coffee, rubber, jackfruit, banana, mango, , etc. are the major plantation crops. Page | 23 Prepared By: RSP GREEN DEVELOPMENT & LABORATORIES PVT. LTD. QCI- NABET ACCREDITIED EIA CONSULTANT (NABET/EIA/1922/IA0049).

DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

PARAMETERS PARTICULARS Net sown area (in ha) 39,375 Ha. Current fallow (in ha) 303 Ha. Area sown more than once a year (in ha) 24581 Ha. Gross cropped area (ha) 72914 Ha. Net cropped area (ha) 39375 Ha. Area under food grains (ha) 40211 Productivity of jhum (kg/ha) 1 (kg/ha) Number of cold storage 1 no. (on progress)

(ref: DISTRICT PROFILE, WEST TRIPURA, GOVERNMENT OF TRIPURA)

AREA IN Hectare

AREA UNDER FOOD GRAIN 40211

NET CROPPED AREA 39375

GROSS CROPPED AREA 72914 AREA SOWN MORE THAN ONCE A AREA IN Hactare 24581 YEAR

CURRENT FALLOW 303

NET SOWN AREA 39375

0 20000 40000 60000 80000

Fig 7: Bar diagram of cropping pattern(Gomati District)

m) LAND FORM AND SEISMICITY: There are 3(three) principal hill ranges in Gomati District. The South Baramura and Deotamura hill ranges are completely in Gomati District while a part of Atharamura hill range also comes in the District. Deotamura is the principal hill range of Gomati District having a length of 85 km. and forms the boundary between Amarpur and Udaipur subdivision. It falls under earthquake prone Zone-V. Page | 24 Prepared By: RSP GREEN DEVELOPMENT & LABORATORIES PVT. LTD. QCI- NABET ACCREDITIED EIA CONSULTANT (NABET/EIA/1922/IA0049).

DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

n) FLORA

The forests of Tripura are varied. On the basis of large-scale studies in other North-Eastern States, Deb(1981) considered the classification of forest types suggested by Champion and Seth (1968) as better suited for describing and correlating the forest types in India. Deb‟s description of the flora of Tripura has been followed here. Based on climate (also altitude and longitude), the forests of Tripura are treated under tropical forest types. They are grouped and described as follows:

A. Climate Types B. Seral types C. Subsidiary Edaphic types

Bamboo brakes widely in character and aspect cover very large areas in Tripura as in Burma and Chittagong. Continuous bamboo forests are interrupted with scattered evergreen treesor deciduous secondary stands. Sheltered hollows and other favourable sites are dominated by bamboo. The vast preponderance of bamboo forest may be the result of activity of man in his practice of shifting favourable for bamboo growth. It is also possible that bamboo holds the ground as a primary edaphic sub-climax.

(ref: biodiversity.tripura.gov.in/flora)

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

Map 5: Forest Map of Gomati District Source: Gomati District Profile

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

n) FAUNA

Wide variety of wild animals belonging to different groups are found in Tripura. The richness of fauna could be attributed to its unique bio-geographical location and zoo-geographical position. Literature shows that there were large populations of rhinoceros, elephant, tiger, leopard, langurs and monkeys in Tripura (Gupta, 2000).

Of a total of 15 species of non-human primate in India, 7(46.70%) are documented from Tripura (Gupta, 2000). These also include some of the highly rare, endemic and endangered species, viz., Hoolock gibbon, slow loris, capped langur, Phayre‟s langur, stump-tailed macaqueand pig-tailed macaque. The other endangered and threatened mammalian species in Schedule 1 of Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 are elephant, sloth bear, Indian wolf, Binturong, leopard, marbled cat, leopard cat, Chinese pangolin and serrow, etc.

Seven primate species have been documented in Tripura out of a total 15 found in India. Of these Primates, slow loris and stumped tailed monkeys have become rare. Phayre‟s leaf monkey (locally known as „Chashma Banar‟), has a very restricted distribution in India, and is found in Tripura. Hoolock gibbon is the only ape found in India, and its population has been rapidly dwindling in Tripura.

(ref: biodiversity.tripura.gov.in/fauna)

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

4. PHYSIOGRAPHY OF THE DISTRICT:

I. Steep slopping & slightly dissected, high relief structural hills & ridges exemplified by areas like Taidu, Amarpur, Tirthamukh. II. Moderately slopping with moderately dissected, low relief structural hills and ridges found in parts of Udaipur, Amarpur, Tirthamukh. III. Moderate to gently slopping with moderately dissected, flat topped denuded hills found in southern part of Udaipur & Amarpur And IV. Undulating plane with low mounds and gently slopping valley situated mostly in the southern part of Udaipur.

5. LAND USE PATTERN:

FOREST LAND AREA (in Hectare) TOTAL FOREST AREA 101262.3 UNCLASSIFIED GOVERNMENT 38597.4 FOREST RESERVE FOREST 58311.7

PROTECTED FOREST 51.8

AGRICULTURAL LAND

NET CROPPED AREA 39375

AREA UNDER FOOD GRAIN 40211

CURRENT FALLOW 303

GROSS CROPPED AREA 72914

(Ref: DISTRICT PROFILE- GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA)

Rest of the area is built up area & others.

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

AREA IN HECTARE

AGRICULTURE

AREA IN HACTARE

FOREST

0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 120000

Fig 7: Bar diagram of land use pattern- Forest & Agricultural land (Gomati district)

AREA IN HECTARE

FOREST AGRICULTURE

42%

58%

Fig 8: Pie chart of land use pattern of Forest & Agriculture (Gomati district)

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

Map 6: Land Use map of Gomati District Source : Gomati District Profile

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

Map 7: Forest Classification Map, Gomati District Source : Gomati District Profile

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

6. GEOLOGY:

Regional and Local Geology:

The rock formations of Tripura range in age from the Lower Tertiary (40 m.y.old) to the Recent. The base of the sequence is not exposed in Tripura. The generalised geological succession (Director General, GSI, 1974) is given in following table.

Stratigraphic Succession:

Group Sub-Group Formation Rock type Recent Recent Unconsolidated silt, and clay with decomposed (Unconformity) vegetable matter and gravels Dupitila Dupitila Sandy clays, clayey sandstone, ferruginous (Unconformity) sandstone with pockets of plastic clay, silica and laterite. Tipam Tipam Champanagar Sandstone, occasional sandy shale and abundant lumps of fossil wood Manu Bazar Sandstone with laminated layers and lenses of sandy shale, siltstone and mudstone. Surma (Contact Thinly bedded repetition of sandstone, transitional) siltstone/shale, mudstone and ferruginous Boka Bill sandstone. Bhuban Hard compact sandstone, olive shale, sandy shale and siltstone repetitions

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

Map 8: Geological Map of Gomati District

Source : Gomati District Profile

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

LOCAL GEOLOGY:

Dupitila Group of rock & Recent Alluvium rocks are covered most of the portion of the district. Dupitila Formation a Pliocene-Pleistocene mappable body of rock in the Bengal Basin. P Evans named it after the Dupitila hills in the Hari (Shari) river (25°06'N; 92°08'E) valley of Sylhetdistrict.In the eastern side Bhuban Formation is present. Most of the area are structurally disturbed by manifold tectonism. Litho-units encountered in the investigated area are as follows:

Sandy clays, ferruginous sandstone with presence of plastic clay pockets, sandy shale, siltstone, mudstone, olive shale along with silicified sandstone and laterites.

Stratigraphic Succession of Gomati District:

Age Group Formation Khowai Formation Ghilatoli Formation Holocene Teliamura Formation Kalyanpur Formation Quaternary Dupitila Dupitila Formation Upper Pliocene to Pleistocene Upper Tipam Formation Tipam Lower Tipam Formation Pliocene

Bokabil Formation Micocene- Lr. Pliocene Upper Bhuban Formation

Surma Middle Bhuban Formation

Lower Bhuban Formation Upper most Oligocene (Not exposed in Tripura)

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

7. MINERAL WEALTH (based on Geology and available Minerals of Tripura):

The mineral resources of any state provide an avenue for economic development but the process of mining may have extensive impact on land, soil and water resources. The mining projects have as a consequence become a part of development sector requiring environmental clearance under Environmental Protection Act, 1986, EIA Notification 1994. The varied geological base has become host to many important minor minerals and major minerals. The central government of India has declared the following minerals as minor minerals:

Sl.No. Minor Minerals

i) Boulder ii) Shingle iii) Chalcedony pebbles used for ball mill purposes only

iv) Lime shell, kankar and limestone used in kilns for manufacture of lime used as building material

v) Murrum vi) Brick-earth vii) Fuller's earth viii) Bentonite ix) Road metal x) Reh-matti xi) Slate and shale when used for building material xii) Marble xiii) Stone used for making household utensils Quartzite and sandstone when used for purposes of xiv) building or for making road metal and household utensils xv) Saltpetre, and Ordinary earth (Used for filling or leveling purposes in xvi) construction or embankments, roads, railways building) by MoEF 2010

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

Mineral Resource of Tripura:

Mineral Location Uses Hard Rock Jampui Hills Road metals Sandstone, Gritty Longatari Hill Quartz Limestone Sakhan&Jampui Range Not suitable for Manpui area Cement, Suitable (990,000 t. reserve) For inferior quality of Lime Puzzolana mix. Clay All over the State generally in river Sanitary ware Stone bank deposit wares Sewerage pipes Good clay deposit in West and South Electric insulator region. Total 1.73 million ton deposit in Refractory grade four zone out of six zones* [*Mohanpur-Bamutia- Kamalghat; Bisramganj-Bagma; Champamura- Baldakhal-Jogendranagar; Khowai- Teliamura-Ampi; Shantirbazar- Udaipur;Kumarghat and Baidyathakurpara- Anadanagar- Maheshkhola-Dukli-Sonamura area] Glass Sand Bishramganj (160,000t) Many uses Old Agartala (16,000t) Mineral Location Uses Jogendranagar (3627t) Sekerkota (80,000t) Dasharambari (5330t) Mohanpur (97,875t) Baidyathakurpara- Anadanagar Maheshkhola and Dukli (NA)

Total Reserve 3,62,832 tonnes

[Source: GSI Report 1982, 1999]

Of the total geographical area of Tripura, 76% can be marked as of “Tertiary” origin and 24% belong to Quaternary period; none of these contain any major mineral resource. A GSI Report of 1982 provides a list of Non-metallic and metallic mineral vis-a-vis their location or otherwise in Tripura (Table-14) indicating the poor profile.

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

Mineral Resource potential in Tripura:

Sl. No. Mineral Status A. Non-metallic 1. Lime stone Commodity not located or absent 2. Dolomite Commodity not located or absent 3. Coal Commodity not located or absent 4. Clay Commodity not located or absent 5. Refractories Commodity not located or absent 6. Glass sand Good reserve, low grade 7. Graphite Commodity not located or absent 8. Fertilizer Commodity not located or absent 9. Gravel sand silt Good reserve, low grade 10. Building stone Commodity not located or absent B. Metallic 11. Ferrous Commodity not located or absent 12. Non-ferrous Commodity not located or absent 13. Noble metals Commodity not located or absent

[Source: GSI Report 1982]

The current production of natural gas is estimated at one million cubic meters per day. The available figure for 1990-91 to 1997-98 shows a fast increasing rate of production from 70 million tonnes per year in 1990-91 to 2.7 x in 8 years reaching 196 million tonnes in 1997-98.

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

8. GEOMORPHOLOGY: Regional and Local

Geomorphological sculptures of Gomati district are carved by the major fluvial agencies. The drainage pattern of the area is trellis and dendritic to sub-dendritic in nature. Drainage system with description of main rivers or cherras;

Drainage system with description of main rivers or cherras:

S.NO Name of the River Total Length in the Percentage area or Stream District (in km) drained in the district

1 Gomati 80 21.9%

S.NO Name of the River Area drained (sq or Stream km) 1 Gomati 650

2 Ekcharicherra 110

2 Rambhadracherra 90

4 Thakcherra 95

5 Chechuacherra 110

6 Pitra Cherra 105

7 Raiya Cherra 90

8 Gangacherra 85

9 Dhuptali Cherra 75

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

Salient Features of Important Rivers and Streams/Cherras:

S.NO Name of the River Total Length in Place of Altitude at or Stream the District (in origin Origin km) (Approx.)

1 Gomati 80 Tirthamukh 350m

Total Length in Place of Altitude at Name of the River S.NO the District (in Origin origin (metre) or Stream Km) Ekchari 2 Ekcharicherra 30 150

Kalajhari 2 Rambhadracherra 25 200

Kalajhari 4 Thakcherra 25 150

Baramura 5 Chechuacherra 30 Devtamura 160

6 Pitra Cherra Baramura 40 Devtamura 170

7 Raiya Cherra Baramura 20 Devtamura 150

8 Gangacherra Baramura 28 Devtamura 145

9 Dhuptali Cherra Kashari RF 20 105

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

DATA SOURCE: DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK, GOMATI, TRIPURA, LANDSAT SATELLITE IMAGERY, ASTER ELEVATION DATA, 2019

Map 9: Elevation Map of Gomati District

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

DATA SOURCE: DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK, GOMATI, TRIPURA, LANDSAT SATELLITE IMAGERY, ASTER ELEVATION DATA, 2019

Map 10: Drainage Network Map of Gomati District

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

9. SOIL TYPES:

'Soil' means the uppermost layer of the earth's crust, which contains the organic as well as mineral matter necessary for the growth of plants. Alluvial Soil and Black Soil are the most important Soils.

The soils of the study area were classified as per USDA Soil Taxonomy into four orders viz. Entisols, Inceptisols, Alfisols and Ultisols as per USDA Soil Taxonomy.

In general, soils of are acidic in nature. The pH of soil ranges from 5.5 to 6 as per Henderson’s equation (pH = -log [H+]).

Compositionally, the soils of Gomati region contain low nitrogen and phosphates. Potash content is of moderate to high; calcium, magnesium and sulphur are deficient in these soils.

Generally, four types of soils occur in Tripura. Out of these four types of soils, Gomati district is characterized by dominant presence of sandy clayey soil and silty clay.

In USDA soil taxonomy, Entisols are defined as soils that do not show any profile development other than an A horizon. An entisol has no diagnostic horizons, and most are basically unaltered from their parent material, which can be unconsolidated sediment or rock.

Inceptisols are a soil order in USDA soil taxonomy. They form quickly through alteration of parent material. They are more developed than Entisols. They have no accumulation of clays, iron oxide, aluminium oxide or organic matter. They have an ochric or umbric horizon and a cambic subsurface horizon.

Alfisols are a soil order in USDA soil taxonomy. Alfisols form in semi-arid to humid areas, typically under a hardwood forest cover. They have a clay-enriched subsoil and relatively high native fertility. "Alf" refers to aluminium (Al) and iron (Fe). Ultisols are similar to Alfisols in having a subhorizon of clay accumulation but have few bases, especially at depth. Most Ultisols are acid, although some may have a high pH in the surface horizons owing to aerosolic additions of carbonate dust. The ideal Ultisol has a subsurface horizon of clay enrichment due to clay translocation from the surface horizons. 10. NATURAL HAZARDS:

Tectonically the entire Tripura region has a closed link with the extended fringe of Arakan-Yoma Belt which is indicative of pervasive nature of natural disaster or any other kind of calamities e.g. earthquake, flood, avalanche and landslides in major scale. Tripura is situated in the earthquake prone zone –V. So, there is a probable chance of feeling the tremor of earthquake activity in any time.

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

11. MINERAL RESOURCES: Overview of Mineral Resources and details of resources-

The topic has been discussed in Point no. 7 in this DSR.

12. METHODOLOGY OF BRICK EARTH AND ORDINARY EARTH MINING AND GUIDING PRINCIPLES:

Manual open pit mining will be carried out for excavation of brick earth. Depth of the excavation will be limited to 2.0m from surface. 0.2m top soil will be resolved for future use in agricultural purpose. A 7.5m wide strip of land along the periphery (i.e., statutory or berm area) of each plot of land will be left intact for safety of mining operations and saving the nearby agriculture fields from inadvertent encroachment while carrying out mining.

 Mining will be carried out during day light hours.  Brick earth being soft in nature, requires no drilling and blasting, and therefore no ground vibration will get generate.  Depth of the excavation from surface will be limited to 2.0m and this will be in two stage of 0.9m each (First 0.20m will be top soil layer)  About 12 to 20 labours will be employed for excavation of brick earth.(Basically it depends upon project capacity)  If it exists, the top soil will be scraped and kept separately for future use of restoring the fertility.

13. OVERVIEW OF BRICK EARTH MINING ACTIVITY:

As per attached as Appendix –A to this DSR.

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

14. BRICK EARTH MINING: Quantification & Recommendations

Brick earth is excavated by a method of slicing of top soil. Top soil up to 2m are used for making bricks especially for clay bricks in brick industry. Needless to say, profitability of a brick industry is highly dependent on the nature and engineering properties (load bearing strength, porosity, permeability, cohesiveness and sticky property of soil) of availability of sufficient brick earth materials followed by proper accessibility to the area of proposed project site provided that the excavated brick earth materials are to be collected without jeopardizing the stability of environment and ecology i.e., a sustainable development is needed for successful completion of a brick earth mining project. The common fact is that if the number of brick kiln projects is increased, the total economic scenario of the region, in pilot scale, will be changed automatically. So increase the area of mining of brick earth, higher will be the frequencies of bricks from point of view of production. The proper quantification of more and more running brick kiln factory must give an impetuous on the present economy of Tripura ameliorating the standard of living in such way so that most of the people in and around the project site can reach to the acme of progress economically.

Some recommendations are to be followed strictly for proper running of brick kiln project smoothly. The common hydrological regime here also plays a pivotal role and it is defined by the tropical monsoon climate with alternating dry and wet seasons. All the districts of Tripura, in this regard, give a best fit result without showing any pitfalls. The spatiality of rain is also controlled by the orientation of the axis of monsoon trough. In Tripura, due to excessive use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers top soil are damaged and below thin veneer of soil cover (0.2m) activity of brick earth mining is carried out up to a depth of 1.8m. It is an established fact, obtained by field investigation that no land has become barren due to excavation of brick earth in brick sectors rather it has helped agricultural activity to sustain. The brick kiln owners themselves contract with the owners of private lands or holdings to make it better for the farmers to improve their cultivation. There is no harm to environment in exploitation of brick earth or clay from private lands or holdings for moulding of bricks. In case of brick earth mining, feasibility assessment form an essential part of the process of assessing a brick earth mining project. Here geological study is followed by prefeasibility study and feasibility study/ mining report are well defined. The degree of economic viability (economic or sub-economic) is assessed in the course of prefeasibility and feasibility studies. But it is to be kept in mind that a prefeasibility study provides a preliminary assessment will lower level of accuracy than that of feasibility study by which economic viability of brick earth mining is assessed or judged.

Alterations or modifications of the said attributes may cause hazardous impact on ecological equilibrium of riverine regime. Therefore, awareness campaigning is inevitable and should be followed by all to make the environment clean and save the environment eco-friendly.

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15. ORDINARY EARTH MINING: Quantification & Recommendations

By ordinary earth mining, we mean haphazard and disseminated digging out of earth materials which ultimately help to fulfill the desire of domestic purposes or in few cases to make river embankment or filling of low line areas or swampy lands or civil construction purposes. Compared to that of brick earth mining, ordinary earth mining doesn’t bear any cryptic signature to fulfill the economic thirst. But huge mining of ordinary earth at a time will impose an adverse effect upon the environment regionally. So, quantification of ordinary earth mining is to be avoided as per generated situation, just to trigger the brick earth mining activity.

Ordinary earth mining near or adjacent to a river or stream has a direct impact on the stream’s physical characteristic such as channel geometry, bed elevation, substratum composition and stability, in-stream roughness of the bed, flow velocity, discharge capacity, competency of river, water laden sediment transport capacity, turbidity and temperature etc.

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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

16. ECONOMIC IMPACT OF MINING: Brick Earth and Ordinary Earth Mining

Both brick earth mining and ordinary earth mining are the manifestation of exploitation of minor minerals. The study of cash flow forecast gives positive result in favour of brick earth mining compared to that of ordinary earth mining. A person who has no iota of knowledge about the differences lying between brick earth mining and ordinary earth mining, he never can take a holistic and futuristic strategy to operate brick earth mining/ brick kiln factory. In case of brick earth mining, the applicant is bound to spend some amount of money for the purpose of community service. Although, the figures are tentative and are subjected to generation of profit. About 5% of the annual profit will be made available for CSR. But for ordinary earth mining the picture is different to some extent. Brick earth mining is sanctioned for five (05) years i.e., mine life is taken as five (05) years but ordinary earth mining does not follow any time schedule and it is carried out as per need to solve the imminent problems raised due to natural activities followed by manmade interferences. Brick earth mining’s provision is fixed to a particular land having soils characterized by all the properties which are amenable for bricks making. For brick earth mining a close relation exists amongst site selection, selecting mining method, invested money for the project, written money and demand supply gap. Again in brick earth mining, the land is generally returned to the owner of land; deployed manpower will be reemployed elsewhere; therefore, economic repercussion for closure of mine and manpower retrenchment will have low impact upon this project. Again the abandonment cost will be zero as the mined out pits will be restored for agricultural activity by landlord. These parameters are not valid in case of ordinary earth mining. More money is required for ordinary earth mining as it is carried out to fulfill the objectives of emergency cases. No compatible relation is found to be seen between ordinary earth mining and employment generation. The digging of ordinary earth material provides temporary deployment of labourers for a short span of time.

For progressive advancement of brick earth project, the project proponent initially invests money just to provide the following amenities or facilities:

 It generates direct and indirect employment  Provides provision for safe drinking water i.e., potable water  Safe, healthy and conducive working atmosphere  Provisions for first aid  Provisions for health check up facility once in a year  Haulage road construction as a symbol of connectivity from brick kiln site to other sites No such cost is taken into account for ordinary earth mining. So it is pertinent to say that brick earth mining is of mammoth importance in economy of Tripura state and also to generate revenue for the Govt. of Tripura. Page | 46 Prepared By: RSP GREEN DEVELOPMENT & LABORATORIES PVT. LTD. QCI- NABET ACCREDITIED EIA CONSULTANT (NABET/EIA/1922/IA0049).

DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2019

17. Concluding Remarks:

Mining of minor minerals, though individually, because of smaller size of mine leases is perceived to have lesser impact as compared to mining of major minerals. However, the activity as a whole is seen to have significant adverse impacts on environment. It is, therefore, necessary that the mining of minor minerals is subjected to simpler but strict regulatory regime and carried out only under an approved framework of mining plan, which should provide for reclamation and rehabilitation of the mined out areas. Further, while granting mining leases by the respective State Governments "location of any eco-fragile zone (s) within the impact zone of the proposed mining area, the linked Rules/ Notifications governing such zones and the judicial pronouncements, if any, need be duly noted. The Union Ministry of Mines along with Indian Bureau of Mines and respective State Governments should therefore make necessary provisions in this regard under the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957, Mineral Concession Rules, 1960 and adopt model Guidelines to be followed by all States (emphasis supplied)".

Brick earth mining comes under Category B2. For Category B2 mining, mining area is up to 5 hectares. So the considered area is small and mostly confined to agricultural fields. Mostly local people are employed in this activity. There will be minimum adverse effect of this activity on the drainage system.

A brick is block made of clay burnt in kiln. It is one of the primary building materials known to mankind. Overtime, bricks have appeared, gained prominence, lost importance and then come to the forefront again with various styles of architecture.

Besides to generate a number of direct employments, indirect employment will also be generated in this area by this activity. This is also a source to generate revenue to the Government. It can be concluded from the above facts that the mining of brick earth from this area will not have any adverse impacts but would help in improving the socioeconomic condition of the surrounding villages.

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Appendix- A to DSR on Brick Earth mining (Reter: Point No. 13) LIST OF BRICK EARTH/KILN IN GOMATI DISTRICT BLOCK_NAM DISTRICT LATITUDE LONGITUDE BLOCK_ID STATE MOUZA PROPONENT E

A 23°29'14.19"N 91°41'56.47"E

B 23°29'11.67"N 91°41'58.84"E M/S PART- SANJAY GM-BR- KAMAKHYA TRIPURA GOMATI DALAK KUMAR C 23°29'11.41"N 91°41'58.51"E 01 BRICKS GHOSH INDUSTRIES D 23°29'11.39"N 91°41'56.19"E

E 23°29'13.41"N 91°41'54.43"E

A 23°31'7.36"N 91°39'52.51"E

B 23°31'3.55"N 91°39'52.54"E M/S HARADHAN LOKNATH GM-BR-02 TRIPURA GOMATI BIRGANJ DUTTA BRICKS C 23°31'3.26"N 91°39'48.66"E INDUSTRY D 23°31'7.82"N 91°39'49.98"E

E 23°31'8.56"N 91°39'51.41"E

A 23°29'9.49"N 91°23'5.03"E

B 23°29'10.43"N 91°23'5.25"E SADHAN M/S SUN GM-BR-03 TRIPURA GOMATI KARMAKAR BRICK FIELD C 23°29'10.40"N 91°23'6.24"E D 23°29'10.82"N 91°23'6.46"E E 23°29'9.38"N 91°23'9.88"E F 23°29'7.64"N 91°23'8.27"E A 23°30'41.34"N 91°27'41.33"E B 23°30'42.81"N 91°27'41.09"E C 23°30'44.28"N 91°27'47.43"E D 23°30'40.37"N 91°27'46.81"E M/S SWAMIJI RAJDHARN NARAYAN GM-BR-04 TRIPURA GOMATI BRICKS E 23°30'40.54"N 91°27'48.00"E AGAR CHANDRA DAS INDUSTRY F 23°30'38.90"N 91°27'48.14"E G 23°30'38.76"N 91°27'43.52"E

H 23°30'40.91"N 91°27'43.27"E

A 23°29'38.25"N 91°34'3.67"E

B 23°29'38.93"N 91°34'3.60"E

C 23°29'43.48"N 91°34'7.48"E M/S BINODE DAKSHIN BINODE BIHARI GM-BR-05 TRIPURA GOMATI DUTTA & D 23°29'40.15"N 91°34'8.86"E MAHARANI DUTTA CO(UNIT-II) E 23°29'37.27"N 91°34'8.23"E

F 23°29'37.27"N 91°34'5.21"E

G 23°29'38.09"N 91°34'5.07"E

A 23°30'43.46"N 91°33'7.51"E

B 23°30'44.03"N 91°33'10.06"E M/S BINODE BINODE BIHARI GM-BR-06 TRIPURA GOMATI HIRAPUR DUTTA & C 23°30'40.53"N 91°33'10.29"E DUTTA CO(UNIT-I) D 23°30'40.22"N 91°33'9.14"E

E 23°30'41.08"N 91°33'8.23"E

A 23°33'8.43"N 91°38'18.90"E B 23°33'9.55"N 91°38'24.36"E C 23°33'7.92"N 91°38'24.48"E

M/S D 23°33'7.71"N 91°38'25.35"E CHANDIMAT GM-BR-07 TRIPURA GOMATI BAMPUR NARAYAN NAG A BRICKS E 23°33'6.51"N 91°38'29.29"E INDUSTRIES F 23°33'5.35"N 91°38'28.93"E G 23°33'6.04"N 91°38'23.42"E H 23°33'6.33"N 91°38'20.21"E I 23°33'7.36"N 91°38'19.13"E A 23°29'27.24"N 91°29'41.50"E

DAKSHIN M/S KATHIA B 23°29'29.72"N 91°29'41.45"E PRANAB KUMAR GM-BR-08 TRIPURA GOMATI CHANDRAP BABA BRICKS GHOSH UR INDUSTRIES C 23°29'29.15"N 91°29'45.07"E

D 23°29'26.95"N 91°29'44.49"E

A 23°30'27.48"N 91°38'15.93"E B 23°30'30.81"N 91°38'14.30"E M/S QUALITY GM-BR-09 TRIPURA GOMATI RAJKANG SALIM AHAMED BRICKS COMPANY C 23°30'32.60"N 91°38'19.94"E

D 23°30'28.94"N 91°38'19.83"E

A 23°33'10.22" 91°37'31.68"

B 23°33'17.60" 91°37'32.70"

M/S BAMPUR C 23°33'17.43" 91°37'33.91" SANJIB KUMAR GM-BR-10 TRIPURA GOMATI BAMPUR BRICKS PRASAD COMPANY D 23°33'17.93" 91°37'33.94"

E 23°33'17.87" 91°37'34.97"

F 23°33'09.68" 91°37'33.67"

A 23°30'49.85" 91°27'50.75" B 23°30'52.10" 91°27'51.36" C 23°30'51.77" 91°27'56.71" M/S ASHIM KUMAR BIPADNASHI D 23°30'49.55" 91°27'56.80" GM-BR-11 TRIPURA GOMATI JAMJURI SAHU NI BRICKS E 23°30'49.31" 91°28'00.34" INDUSTRIES F 23°30'45.48" 91°28'01.21" G 23°30'45.62" 91°27'55.11" H 23°30'48.05" 91°27'54.65" A 23°31'29.92" 91°32'24.89"

B 23°31'31.01" 91°32'26.75" M/S ASHIM KUMAR CHANDIMAT C 23°31'28.76" 91°32'27.66" GM-BR-12 TRIPURA GOMATI HIRAPUR SAHA A BRICKS INDUSTRY D 23°31'29.20" 91°32'29.01"

E 23°31'25.12" 91°32'30.10" F 23°31'24.62" 91°32'28.76" A 23°30'52.47" 91°32'55.80" B 23°30'52.66" 91°32'58.64" M/S D. DULAL C 23°30'51.50" 91°33'02.73" GM-BR-13 TRIPURA GOMATI HIRAPUR BHATTACHER BHATTACHERJEE JEE & CO D 23°30'49.78" 91°33'02.69" E 23°30'49.44" 91°32'58.48" F 23°30'51.76" 91°32'57.78" A 23°31'48.41" 91°33'44.28" B 23°31'52.65" 91°33'45.05" C 23°31'53.24" 91°33'46.14" D 23°31'52.40" 91°33'46.45" SANJIT M/S GOMATI GM-BR-14 TRIPURA GOMATI LAXMIPATI CHANDRA BRICKS E 23°31'51.75" 91°33'45.39" DEBNATH COMPANY F 23°31'48.86" 91°33'46.25" G 23°31'47.34" 91°33'45.79" H 23°31'47.42" 91°33'44.82" I 23°31'48.14" 91°33'45.15" A 23°31'07.07" 91°32'32.44" B 23°31'08.73" 91°32'36.95"

M/S C 23°31'04.49" 91°32'38.32" NIHAR LOKNATH GM-BR-15 TRIPURA GOMATI HIRAPUR CHANDRA D 23°31'03.14" 91°32'36.78" BRICKS DEBNATH INDUSTRIES E 23°31'04.75" 91°32'35.50" F 23°31'04.60" 91°32'34.62" G 23°31'07.23" 91°32'33.97" A 23°30'49.86"N 91°32'41.47"E B 23°30'53.16"N 91°32'41.98"E M/S MAA GM-BR-16 TRIPURA GOMATI HIRAPUR ARINDAM LODH BRICKS C 23°30'52.06"N 91°32'44.18"E INDUSTRIES D 23°30'53.52"N 91°32'44.40"E E 23°30'52.28"N 91°32'47.60"E F 23°30'49.35"N 91°32'43.47"E A 23°31'01.03" 91°32'41.15" B 23°31'01.04" 91°32'48.03" C 23°30'59.15" 91°32'47.56" M/S NEW D 23°30'58.13" 91°32'48.53" BIKRAM KANTI GIRIDHARI GM-BR-17 TRIPURA GOMATI HIRAPUR ROY BRICKS E 23°30'57.76" 91°32'48.55" INDUSTRIES F 23°30'57.62" 91°32'44.81" G 23°30'57.73" 91°32'43.66" H 23°30'56.57" 91°32'43.71" I 23°30'56.74" 91°32'42.56" A 23°33'44.90" 91°31'22.62" B 23°33'46.05" 91°31'25.34" SOUTH M/S RENUKA NIMALENDU GM-BR-18 TRIPURA GOMATI BRAJENDRA BRICKS C 23°33'44.20" 91°31'27.96" DATTA NAGAR INDUSTRY D 23°33'43.66" 91°31'26.52" E 23°33'43.41" 91°31'24.07"

A 23°30'49.86"N 91°32'41.47"E

B 23°30'53.16"N 91°32'41.98"E M/S SHIB DINESH MECHANIZE C 23°30'52.06"N 91°32'44.18"E GM-BR-19 TRIPURA GOMATI HIRAPUR CHANDRA SHIB BRICKS INDUSTRY D 23°30'53.52"N 91°32'44.40"E E 23°30'52.28"N 91°32'47.60"E F 23°30'49.35"N 91°32'43.47"E A 23°30'30.89" 91°33'09.24" B 23°30'39.78" 91°33'09.33" C 23°30'40.13" 91°33'11.07"

M/S UDAI D 23°30'39.41" 91°33'11.51" MAMTA COSTRUCTI GM-BR-20 TRIPURA GOMATI HARIPUR JAMATIA ON E 23°30'39.21" 91°33'10.45" F 23°30'37.81" 91°33'10.71" G 23°30'33.54" 91°33'10.06"

H 23°30'33.83" 91°33'10.22"

A 23°33'22.28"N 91°37'42.41"E

B 23°33'18.18"N 91°37'43.04"E M/s BAMPUR GM-BR-21 TRIPURA GOMATI BAMPUR SALIM AHAMED BRICKS C 23°33'18.10"N 91°37'37.39"E INDUSTRY D 23°33'19.45"N 91°37'35.25"E

A 23°29'24.66" N 91°29'58.72" E B 23°29'26.73" N 91°29'59.03" E C23°29'27.16" N 91°30'01.80" E DAKSHIN RAM SADHAN D 23°29'25.81" N 91°30'05.66" E GM-BR-22 TRIPURA GOMATI CHANDRAP KRISHNA CHANDRA DHAR E 23°29'23.32" N 91°30'03.69" E UR BRICKS F 23°29'21.99" N 91°30'02.53" E G 23°29'22.91" N 91°30'01.31" E H 23°29'24.44" N 91°30'01.84" E A 23°25'53.80" N 91°43'48.55" E B 23°25'56.36" N 91°43'48.21" E C 23°25'57.68" N 91°43'51.01" E RAMKRISHNA D 23°25'57.91" N 91°43'52.69" E UTTAR PRADIP GM-BR-23 TRIPURA GOMATI BRICKS E 23°25'56.44" N 91°43'53.14" E CHILAGAON MAJUMDER COMPANY F 23°25'55.60" N 91°43'56.91" E G 23°25'53.56" N 91°43'54.04" E H 23°25'52.86" N 91°43'52.96" E I 23°25'51.94" N 91°43'51.35" E A 23°33'44.90" N 91°31'22.62" E SOUTH RENUKA B 23°33'46.05" N 91°31'25.34" E NIRMALENDU GM-BR-24 TRIPURA GOMATI BRAJENDRA BRICKS C 23°33'44.20" N 91°31'27.96" E DATTA NAGAR INDUSTRY D 23°33'43.66" N 91°31'26.52" E E 23°33'43.41" N 91°31'24.07" E A 23°31'01.03"N 91°32'41.15"E B 23°31'01.04"N 91°32'48.03"E C 23°30'59.15"N 91°32'47.56"E NEW D 23°30'58.13"N 91°32'48.53"E BIKRAM KANTI GIRIDHARI GM-BR-25 TRIPURA GOMATI HIRAPUR E 23°30'57.76"N 91°32'48.55"E ROY BRICKSINDUS TRIES F 23°30'57.62"N 91°32'44.81"E G 23°30'57.73"N 91°32'43.66"E H 23°30'56.57"N 91°32'43.71"E I 23°30'56.74"N 91°32'42.56"E A 23°33'13.18"N 91°31'10.52"E B 23°33'14.19"N 91°31'10.35"E C 23°33'15.12"N 91°31'11.26"E

D 23°33'16.59"N 91°31'11.32"E RAKHI PRIYA BRICKS GM-BR-26 TRIPURA GOMATI PITRA CHOWDHURY E 23°33'17.54"N 91°31'11.28"E FACTORY ROY F 23°33'16.82"N 91°31'12.54"E G 23°33'16.19"N 91°31'15.41"E H 23°33'14.29"N 91°31'14.65"E I 23°33'12.85"N 91°31'13.06"E A 23°31'29.92"N 91°32'24.89"E

B 23°31'31.01"N 91°32'26.75"E C 23°31'28.76"N 91°32'27.66"E

CHANDIMAT D 23°31'29.20"N 91°32'29.01"E ASHIM KUMAR GM-BR-27 TRIPURA GOMATI HARIPUR A BRICKS SAHA INDUSTRY E 23°31'25.12"N 91°32'30.10"E

F 23°31'24.62"N 91°32'28.76"E

A 23°30'52.47"N 91°32'55.80"E

B 23°30'52.66" N 91°32'58.64"E

DULAL D. C 23°30'51.50" N 91°33'02.73"E GM-BR-28 TRIPURA GOMATI HARIPUR BHATTACHARJE BHATTACHAR E JEE & CO D 23°30'49.78" N 91°33'02.69"E E 23°30'49.44" N 91°32'58.48"E

F 23°30'51.76" N 91°32'57.78"E A 23°31'48.41"N 91°33'44.28"E

B 23°31'52.65"N 91°33'45.05"E C 23°31'53.24"N 91°33'46.14"E D 23°31'52.40"N 91°33'46.45"E SANJIT GOMATI GM-BR-29 TRIPURA GOMATI LAXMIPATI CHANDRA BRICKS E 23°31'51.75"N 91°33'45.39"E DEBNATH COMPANY F 23°31'48.86"N 91°33'46.25"E G 23°31'47.34"N 91°33'45.79"E

H 23°31'47.42"N 91°33'44.82"E I 23°31'48.14"N 91°33'45.15"E A 23°29'19.33"N 91°40'46.46"E

B 23°29'22.43"N 91°40'44.38"E

C 23°29'26.87"N 91°40'44.51"E DURGA TAPAS GM-BR-30 TRIPURA GOMATI DALAK BRICKS CHANDRA SAHA INDUSTRIES D 23°29'27.74"N 91°40'46.89"E

E 23°29'19.06"N 91°40'49.13"E

A 23°31'07.07" N 91°32'32.44" E B 23°31'08.73" N 91°32'36.95" E C 23°31'04.49" N 91°32'38.32" E D 23°31'03.14" N 91°32'36.78" E E 23°31'04.75" N 91°32'35.50" E NIHAR LOKNATH GM-BR-31 TRIPURA GOMATI HIRAPUR CHANDRA BRICKS DEBNATH INDUSTRIES F 23°31'04.60" N 91°32'34.62" E

G 23°31'07.23" N 91°32'33.97" E

A 23°30'49.86"N 91°32'41.47"E B 23°30'53.16"N 91°32'41.98"E

C 23°30'52.06"N 91°32'44.18"E MAA BRICKS GM-BR-32 TRIPURA GOMATI HIRAPUR ARINDAM LODH INDUSTRIES D 23°30'53.52"N 91°32'44.40"E E 23°30'52.28"N 91°32'47.60"E

F 23°30'49.35"N 91°32'43.47"E A 23°25'57.06"N 91°44'41.14"E

B 23°26'00.61"N 91°44'37.71"E

C 23°26'04.85"N 91°44'39.45"E MADAN NUTANBAZ RANJIT KUMAR MOHAN GM-BR-33 TRIPURA GOMATI D 23°26'03.91"N 91°44'41.61"E AR PAUL BRICKS INDUSTRIES E 23°26'02.67"N 91°44'41.77"E

F 23°25'58.12"N 91°44'42.54"E

A 23°25'12.25"N 91°45'05.79"E

B 23°25'16.23"N 91°45'06.11"E MAHADEB LEBACHE SUBRATA GM-BR-34 TRIPURA GOMATI BRICKS RRA DEBNATH COMPANY C 23°25'14.90"N 91°45'08.54"E

A 23°30'33.17" N 91°33'48.02"E B 23°30'33.52"N 91°33'50.96"E C 23°30'31.24" N 91°33'51.13"E SHIB SHIB D 23°30'29.76" N 91°33'51.40"E SOUTH DINESH MECHANIZE GM-BR-35 TRIPURA GOMATI MAHARAN CHANDRA SHIB BRICKS I E 23°30'29.38"N 91°33'50.87"E INDUSTRY

F 23°30'28.58"N 91°33'50.43"E

A 23°30'52.57" N 91°27'23.68" E

B 23°31'01.16" N 91°27'22.41" E

SREE MAA C 23°31'03.14" N 91°27'25.37" E BIPLAB KR. GM-BR-36 TRIPURA GOMATI JAMJURI BRICKS GHOSH INDUSTRY D 23°31'00.73" N 91°27'27.05" E

E 23°30'53.78" N 91°27'27.90" E

A 23°30'30.89" N 91°33'09.24" E

B 23°30'39.78" N 91°33'09.33" E

C 23°30'40.13" N 91°33'11.07" E

D 23°30'39.41" N 91°33'11.51" E UDAI MAMATA GM-BR-37 TRIPURA GOMATI HIRAPUR CONSTRUCT E 23°30'39.21" N 91°33'10.45" E JAMATIA ION F 23°30'37.81" N 91°33'10.71" E

G 23°30'33.54" N 91°33'10.06" E H 23°30'33.83" N 91°33'10.22" E

A 23°30'45.87"N 91°32'59.12"E

23°30'47.70"N 91°33'5.08"E PARTHA THE B GM-BR-38 TRIPURA GOMATI HIRAPUR SARATHI QUALITY DUTTA BRICKS C 23°30'44.88"N 91°33'5.05"E

D 23°30'44.07"N 91°33'0.26"E A 23°30'09.02" N 91°41'16.93" E

B 23°30'11.62" N 91°41'15.34" E

MA BRICKS DEBABRATA GM-BR-39 TRIPURA GOMATI MALBASA INDUSTRY & C 23°30'13.64" N 91°41'16.25" E DEBNATH CO. D 23°30'16.67" N 91°41'21.23" E

E 23°30'12.23" N 91°41'21.69" E

A 23°33'51.22"N 91°38'3.42"E B 23°33'51.01"N 91°38'2.65"E C 23°33'50.20"N 91°38'1.41"E D 23°33'49.04"N 91°38'0.95"E E 23°33'47.30"N 91°37'59.72"E TRIPURESW BIPAD F 23°33'46.06"N 91°38'0.88"E GM-BR-40 TRIPURA GOMATI BAMPUR ARI BRICKS DEBNATH G 23°33'44.41"N 91°37'59.69"E COMPANY H 23°33'43.35"N 91°38'3.40"E I 23°33'44.68"N 91°38'3.75"E J 23°33'44.84"N 91°38'3.16"E K 23°33'46.78"N 91°38'3.66"E L 23°33'49.07"N 91°38'3.24"E A 23°31'10.47"N 91°32'31.50"E

B 23°31'11.54"N 91°32'35.82"E TRIPURESW JAYPAL KANTI GM-BR-41 TRIPURA GOMATI HIRAPUR ARI BRICKS SAHA INDUSTRIES C 23°31'8.90"N 91°32'36.36"E

D 23°31'7.52"N 91°32'32.25"E

A 23°31'10.47"N 91°32'31.50"E PARUL WEST SWAPNA B 23°31'11.54"N 91°32'35.82"E GM-BR-42 TRIPURA GOMATI BRICKS KHILPARA BISWAS C 23°31'8.90"N 91°32'36.36"E INDUSTRY D 23°31'7.52"N 91°32'32.25"E A 23°29'35.22"N 91°24'22.25"E

B 23°29'38.40"N 91°24'24.98"E BHADRA KAKRABO BABUL KANTI GM-BR-43 TRIPURA GOMATI BRICKS C 23°29'33.44"N 91°24'26.63"E N BHADRA COMPANY D 23°29'33.97"N 91°24'23.95"E