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Boston Manor Park Conservation Management Plan

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Boston Manor Park Conservation Management Plan Boston Manor Park Conservation Management Plan Peter McGowan Associates, landscape architects London Borough of Hounslow English Heritage Boston Manor Park Conservation Management Plan Consultants Peter McGowan Associates Landscape Architects and Heritage Management Consultants 86 Constitution Street Edinburgh EH6 6RP 0131 261 6265 • [email protected] with Morag Cross in association with Jura Consultants and LDN Architects First issued May 2011/ revised and updated April 2018 Boston Manor Park 1 Conservation Management Plan April 2018 Contents Boston Manor Park site location 4 1 Introduction 5 1.1 Background 5 1.2 The park today 5 1.3 Historical outline 6 1.4 Access 6 1.5 Ownership, boundaries and report coverage 7 1.6 Approach and presentation 7 2 Understanding the park 8 2.1 Site, landform and geology 8 2.2 Urban context, urban design analysis 9 2.3 Noise 10 2.4 Zones of distinct landscape character 11 2.5 Landscape development of Boston Manor park: summary chronology 16 2.6 Survey of designed landscape features 36 2.6.1 General 36 2.6.2 Archaeology 36 2.6.3 Water features 36 2.6.4 Built features 38 2.6.6 Access and circulation 45 2.6.7 Park facilities 49 2.6.8 Woodland, trees and gardens 52 2.6.9 Veteran and specimen trees 57 2.6.10 Planned or notable views 58 2.7 Planning designations and nature conservation 60 2.8 Park use and Friends 60 2.9 Park management 61 2.10 Strategic context 62 3 Analysis and Statement of Significance 64 3.1 Analysis, park in its cultural context 64 3.2 Statement of significance, levels of significance 65 3.3 Statutory designations as a basis for significance 66 3.4 Statement of Significance 67 4 Management issues and threats to significance 70 5 Park conservation and management, objectives & policies 72 5.1 Conservation goal 72 5.2 Conservation and management objectives for the park 72 5.3 Conservation and management policies 73 5.3.1 Conservation of whole site and its character 73 5.3.2 Boston Manor house 73 5.3.3 Othe built features and lake 73 5.3.4 Accessibility and circulation 73 5.3.5 Biodiversity: woodland and trees 74 5.3.6 Archaeology 74 5.3.7 General improvement and intrusive features 74 5.3.8 Visitor access and experience 74 5.3.9 Sports and play facilities 74 5.3.10 Increasing understanding 74 5.3.11 Sustainability and climate change 75 6 Conservation and management proposals 76 6.1 Boston Manor house 76 6.2 Design improvements to other built features and lake 77 6.3 Accessibility and circulation 77 2 Boston Manor Park Conservation Management Plan April 2018 6.4 Biodiversity: woodland, trees and garden spaces 77 6.5 Archaeology 78 6.6 General improvements and intrusive features 78 6.7 Visitor access and experience 78 6.8 Sports and play facilities 78 6.9 Increasing understanding 78 6.10 Management and maintenance 78 6.11 Cost and funding 79 6.11.1 Outline costing 79 6.11.2 Sources of funding 79 7 Conclusion 80 Appendix 1 81 Historical maps and plans Appendix 2 111 Full development chronology from research Appendix 3 155 Sources and references Figures, survey and management plans 163 (at back of report in printed version; in separate digital file) Figure 1 Site boundaries Figure 1a Designated area boundaries and features Figure 2 Urban form analysis Figure 3 Landscape character zones Figure 4 Water features Figure 5 Built features and enclosures Figure 6 Access and circulation features Figure 7 Woods and planted features Figure 7a Veteran trees Figure 8 Park facilities Figure 9 Significance by area or feature Figure 10 Management zones Figure 11 Management proposals Boston Manor Park 3 Conservation Management Plan April 2018 Boston Manor Park – view south along Rose Walk or Spine path in 1960s and 2010; view north in 2015 4 Boston Manor Park Conservation Management Plan April 2018 Gunnersbury M4 Boston Manor Park Brentford Thames Syon Kew Gardens Boston Manor Park site location (circled in red) Boston Manor Park 5 Conservation Management Plan April 2018 1 Introduction 1.1 Background In 2010 Hounslow Borough Council with support from English Heritage commissioned a suite of reports for Boston Manor house and park. The reports included a Conservation Management Plan for the house, Conservation Management Plan for the park and an Options Appraisal for both. These reports have been produced by a team of consultants and each report has been informed by the other. In recognition of the range of interests in Boston Manor the findings have been reported in three separate volumes. These studies were used to develop proposals to conserve and the house and park and provided the basis for Stage 1 funding application to the Heritage Lottery Fund. Following the success of the Stage 1 application for the park the present version of the Conservation Management Plan has been prepared during the development stage of the park project. Boston Manor park has provided the setting for the house through its long history and has seen substantial change in this highly urbanised locality. It is now a greatly valued and well-used public park. The park has been the subject of an earlier management plan and other studies, and the first purpose of the present CMP is to appraise its needs from a landscape conservation and public use viewpoint to provide the context for decisions about the conservation and future use of the house. The most major change to the park was the construction of the elevated section of the M4 in the early 1960s, but there are continuing pressures on the land of the park for car parking. The issue of ‘planning gain’ for conservation of the house and park from permitting corporate car parking means that the use of the park is integral to the future of the whole complex. The options appraisal is intended to provide the basis for decisions about the long- term future of the house within the context of its public park setting. The three strands of Jura Consultants’ commission have been produced by a team under their direction with LDN Architects providing the main inputs to the house options appraisal and conservation plan and Peter McGowan Associates being principally responsible for this conservation management plan for Boston Manor park. 1.2 The park today Boston Manor park is a park of great significance within the LBH owing to its historic house and the landscape in which it is set. It is the largest public open space in the Brentford area at 13.75 hectares (34 acres). In order to protect the park as an asset it has been designated as a Key Park within Hounslow’s Parks and Green Spaces Strategic Framework. In 2005 Boston Manor park first received a Green Flag Award, which has been retained in subsequent years. A Management Plan for Boston Manor park written by John Laing Integrated Services (JLIS) provided guidance for the management and any relevant development of the park to the year 2013. Lampton Greenspace 360 currently oversee management and maintenance of all LBH parks and open spaces including Boston Manor park. The house is now managed directly by LBH. The park benefits from a very active friends organisation – Friends of Boston Manor (FOBM) – who, among other activities, run the Pavilion café, manage tennis courts and training, raise funds for the park, and act as a voice for local users, liaising with the Council and park managers. 6 Boston Manor Park Conservation Management Plan April 2018 1.3 Historical outline BMP has been a public park since 1924 when the house and surrounding 20 acres were purchased by Brentford Urban District Council after the remaining estate was sold by the last of the Clitherow family. For most of its history the park has been privately owned estate landscape laid out as the setting for the manor house, as pleasure grounds and as a working landscape. The Manor of Boston was created by King Edward I about the year of 1280 by separation from Hanwell and granted to the priory of St. Helen in Bishopsgate in the late 12th century, which held it until the dissolution of the monasteries in 1538. Boston Manor house was built in 1623 by Lady Mary Reade, a young widow who remarried not long after its completion to Sir Edward Spencer of Althorp. During the Civil War in 1642, the battle of Brentford took place nearby. In 1670 the estate of some 230 acres was sold to James Clitherow, an East India merchant for £5,136, who extended the house to the north. It remained the home of the Clitherow family for seven generations during the next 254 years, until it came into the ownership of the Council. Although Brentford had become built-up as an industrial area by the second half of the 19th century, Boston Manor house and its grounds remained rural. A description in 1886 referred to the charm of the woodland walk, a vista cut creating a view of the park from the house, rose walks and the fine kitchen garden. In 1918, the estate had become increasingly costly to maintain and, in order to avoid the threat of the house being demolished and the park developed for housing, Colonel Stracey Clitherow sold Boston Manor house and 50 acres of land to Brentford Urban District Council, who opened the park to the public on 11 September 1924. The house was badly damaged during World War II, however grants were secured for its restoration.
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