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A Development by S.A.L

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A development by s.a.l. www.archidesignlb.com Apple Grove Background A Community based development The historic village of Ehden is located in the mountains of North Lebanon, some 1450 metres above sea (1670 – 1732), author of a influential book on Arabic grammar; Youssef Bey Karam (1823 – 1889), Lebanese level. It is 120 kilometres from the capital, Beirut; 30 kilometres from the coastal city of Tripoli and 23 kilome- nationalist, his body lies in St George’s Church, and his statue nearby is a landmark of Ehden; Saliba Doueihi tres from its sister town of Zgharta. (1909-1994) world renown artist; President Sleiman Kabalan Frangieh (1910- 1992), President of Lebanon; President Rene Mouawad (1925-1989), President of Lebanon. The origins of its name are obscured by time and myth; one explanation is that it is derived from the biblical Eden. Mankind has lived in the area for thousands of years. Some early texts mention that those living in the Ehden is not only a place of history it is also a place of today. Tourists are welcomed and well provided for area Ehden came from the descendants of the tribe of Samuel, the son of Noah. In 850 BC, it is recorded with hotels, restaurants and café trotoire’s. In the centre of Ehden is the Al Midan, a square, wherein lies that the Aramaic-Syriac King Hadd Azzar came to Ehden and raised a statue to their god known as “Baal many cafés, bars and nightclubs. In the cool of the evening under the stars café society continues late into Loubnan” or “ The God of Snow”. Four hundred years later, Slokos, a commander in Alexander the Great the early morning. The lingua franca of Ehden is French, English, Portuguese and Spanish, evidence of the army, came to Ehden, and a group of Macedonians settled there, building a temple and statue of “ The Lebanese Diaspora. During the summer there are cultural and eco tourist activities such as painting exhibi- god of Sun”. tions, film festival and nature treks. It is also known for its traditional dishes such as the meat dish, Kibbeh Nayyeh and salad, tabbouleh, which has become internationally famous and part of the world’s cuisine. From its pagan past it became the cradle of Christianity in Lebanon. The many churches of Ehden are a living testament to the history of the people of the area and their faith since the early beginning of Christi- For the visitor, Ehden is ideally placed for other tourist centres, the Horsh Ehden (meaning the Forest of anity. Mar (Saint) Mama’s Church is the oldest Maronite church in Lebanon built in 749 AD on the site of a Ehden), a nature reserve; the Qozhaya Valley (Holy Valley), which has cave chapels, monasteries and pagan temple. The Church incorporates some of the stones from the pagan temple. The village of Ehden is hermitages. The Monastery of St Anthony the Great, possesses the first printing press in the Middle East, in- watched over by the mountaintop Church of the Lady of the Fortress (Our Lady of Al-Hosn). There has been stalled in 1584; Kornet al Sawda (Black Horn) Middle East’s highest mountain (3088 metres above sea level) a Church on the mountain since early times. In 1989 the present modernistic church was consecrated and and the Cedars, where the last cedars of a great cedar forest can be seen, which becomes a skiing resort is a landmark for the whole North. Ehden has many old houses and buildings, still inhabited by the current in winter. generation of the original family, some using the stones of the pagan temple. The old souk (market place) is a popular destination for visitors to Ehden, who can see the work of the local artisana. Ehden is a place where the seasons of the year are distinct, with their own colours, rhythms and customs. Traditionally the people of Ehden, having settled Zgharta in the 16th Century and which is now the admin- Beside its many historic churches, monasteries and buildings, Ehden has throughout its history contributed istrative centre of the district, use to come down to its sister town at autumn time for the warmer winter to the religious, political and culture life of Lebanon. It has produced religious leaders, academicians, na- weather. Returning to Ehden in the early summer to enjoy its cooler climate. These days with better road tionalist leaders, artists and presidents. Among them are Patriarch Youhanna Makhlouf 1608-1633) Maroni- communications, Ehden enjoys an increasing winter season, with many snow sport activities. te Patriarch; Patriarch George Oumayra, (1633-1644), Maronite Patriarch, called the “Light of the Oriental” being an expert on Orient languages; Gibrael Al Sahyouni (1577 –1648), academic, author of a polyglot As another citizen of Ehden, Jawad Boulos (1900-1982), founder member of the Lebanese Academy, said bible, official translator to King Louis XIII of France, his statue stands in Ehden; Patriarch Stephane Doueihi “Ehden brings energy to my body and clarity to my mind and pleasure to my soul”. (1630-1704), maronite patriarch and considered to be the “father of Maronite history”; Germanos Farhat Ehden is a place where you meet history and enjoy what is best in Lebanon Apple Grove Location A Community based development Beirut - Ehden: 90min... Tripoli - Ehden: 40min.. Zgarta - Ehden: 25min. Apple Grove Surrounding Attractions A Community based development Lebanon Mountain Trail - LMT (40min.) Btelaya Haamlet (45min.hiking) Qornet el Sawda (50min.4x4) A hiking trail across Lebanon Wilderness rest area Highest mountain in the middle east (3084m) Saidet el Hosn (5min.) Old church on a high hill over- looking the casa Horsh Ehden Nature Reserve Apple Grove (15min.) High diversity of plants,IBA for soaring birds Old district (3min.) Historical building Jabal Mar Sarkis (25min.4x4) Wilderness area with breathtak- ing scenery Midane Ehden ( 3min.) Main town square Qadisha Valley (15min.) Bekaa Valley (60min..) Mar Sarkis source (10min.) International cultural heritage Agricultural Heritage A major water source surrounded site Historical Heritage by traditional restaurants Wineries Apple Grove Site Features & Project description A Community based development Main National Road Secondary road Project lot 16m wide well paved Access road to developments Horses and animal produce ZGHARTA EHDEN On lots 1914 & 1915, Ehden, the plan is to develop a distinguished high quality residential tourism devel- Arriving inhabitants will park their car on the road level oriented west and enter their apartments through opment. The facilities will include quality leisure and will assure environmental comfort. The concept is to an internal stair. The apartment’s living spaces are open to an eastern terrace and private garden, extend- maximize privacy and outdoor space though attractive landscaping and distinctive design in a quiet and ing to a larger public green space including a swimming pool and a gathering area. Visitors will be able to an exclusive community oriented environment. park in a visitors’s parking space and access their friends walking through a controlled gate. The topographic features of the site are used favorably to separate the car from all human activities inside This flats includes a living/dining area, a kitchen and a wc. The top floors are 2 and 3 bedrooms including the project, while orientations will be adequtely used to positively react the natural element’s activities. a master wc and a public wc. Apple Grove L0 - Basement floor plan layout A Community based development Apple Grove L1 - Ground floor plan layout A Community based development Apple Grove L2 - 2nd floor plan & upper GF layout A Community based development Apple Grove L3 - upper 2nd floor plan layout A Community based development Apple Grove L4 - Roof floor plan layout A Community based development Apple Grove L5 - Mass plan layout A Community based development Apple Grove South-East view A Community based development Apple Grove North view A Community based development Apple Grove South-East view A Community based development Apple Grove South view A Community based development Apple Grove East view Entrance A Community based development Apple Grove North-West view A Community based development Apple Grove South-west bird’s eye view A Community based development Apple Grove North-East Bird’s eye View A Community based development Apple Grove South-East Bird’s eye View A Community based development Apple Grove Type “A” apartment plans A Community based development Ground Floor Plan Second Floor Plan Type A Type B Type C Type D Type E1 Type E2 Type E3 Type F1 Type F2 Apple Grove Type “A” apartment plans (cont’d) A Community based development 1.90 Ground Floor Plan (Unit # 2) Westernmost unit benefits from an addi- tional 22m2 West terrace. Totalling 221m2 5.20 Storage Tiled Roof Plan Type A Type B Type C Type D Type E1 Type E2 Type E3 Type F1 Type F2 Apple Grove Type “B” apartment plans A Community based development BBQ Terrace 3.15 4.30 2.10 0.900.60 4.65 Furnace Chimney 6.45 Mechanical 0.77 Balcony 1.31 WC 2.30 Maid Water tank 2.30 3000 Liters Master ank Bedroom T 3.50 Fuel 3.35 1300 Liters Living 1.10 5.50 1.20 3.20 2.60 W.C. Bedroom 1.30 Bar Dinning 1.20 Parking 1.40 1.00 4.05 6.20 Placard Four Frigo 3.20 2.15 Bedroom 2.00 W.C. 1.80 W.C. 3.60 3.10 3.00 Storage 1.30 Kitchen Evier 1.10 6.55 3.95 Closet if needed Ground Floor Plan Second Floor Plan Basement Floor Plan Type A Type B Type C Type D Type E1 Type E2 Type E3 Type F1 Type F2 Apple Grove Type “B” apartment plans (cont’d) A Community based development Pergola Plan Option Tiled roof Plan Type A Type B Type C Type D Type E1 Type E2 Type
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    Medicina Historica 2020; Vol. 4, N. 3: e2020021 © Mattioli 1885 Case report: paleopathology The mummy of the Lebanese national hero, Youssef Bey Karam (1823-1889): an emblematic paleopathological case. Luigi Capasso1, Fadi Fenianos2, Ruggero D’Anastasio1 1Operative Unit of Anthropology, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, ‘G d’Annunzio’ University of Chieti–Pescara, Chieti, Italy; 2Saydet Zgharta Hospital, North Lebanon, Lebanon Abstract. Youssef Bey Karam was a Lebanese nationalist leader, of a Maronite Christian family, who led the national resistance against the occupation of the Ottoman Empire. He died in exile in Italy in 1889 and his naturally mummified body returned to Lebanon the following year. Here we show the results of the anthropo- logical and paleopathological analyses performed on the mummy during its restoration and preservation. The biological profile that emerged from anthropological investigations corresponds to the Karam’s biographical data. The tomographic analyses, in addition to detecting the persistence of the internal organs, highlighted some pathological conditions: multiple healed fractures, osteoarthritis of the lumbar vertebral column, and dental caries with periodontal disease. In particular, the computed tomography showed the thickening of the bronchial tree, and opacity of the pulmonary parenchyma at the level of the hilum of the right lung. These conditions are consistent with a diagnosis of bronchopneumonia, that is the same diagnosis, that was pro- posed by the pathologist on his death certificate, on 7 April, 1889. Key words: anthropology, paleopathology, bronchopneumonia, pandemic Introduction the natural mummy of Karam, which had been kept in the Cathedral of Saint Peter in Edhen, Zgharta Dis- Prince Youssef Bey Karam was the first theoreti- trict, North Lebanon (Fig.
  • Community Development Unit

    Community Development Unit

    Council for Development and Reconstruction Economic and Social Fund for Development (ESFD) Project Community Development Unit Formulation of a Strategy for Social Development in Lebanon Beirut December 2005 LBN/B7-4100/IB/99/0225/S06/0803 Formulation of a Strategy for Social Development in Lebanon Council for Development and Reconstruction Economic and Social Fund for Development (ESFD) Project Table of Contents Abbreviations and Acronyms 1. Executive Summary ………………………………………………………. 1 1.1. Definition of Social Development ……………………… .… 1 1.2. Goal and targets for Social Development ………………………. 1 1.3. Status of Social Development Indicators and Strategy Outline….. 2 1.4. Poverty Mapping, Rural Periphery and Vulnerable Groups………. 3 1.5. Strategy Outline ……………………………………………………… 4 2. Definition of Social Development in Lebanon ………………………… 6 2.1. International Definitions ……………………………………………... 6 2.1.1. The World Bank Concept of Social Development …………. 6 2.1.2. The World Summit Concept of Social Development ………. 6 2.1.3. UNDP Focus on Social Development and Poverty Eradication……………………………………………………………... 7 2.1.4. The European Commission (EC) Concept of Social Development……………………………………………………… 7 2.1.5. New Development Concepts, Goals and Targets ……….. 8 2.2 Historic Context in Lebanon …………………………………………. 9 2.2.1 After Independence: The unfinished transition from a rural economy to a modern competitive economy ……………… 9 2.2.2. Social Consequences after the War ………………………. 10 2.2.3. Postwar Economic and Social Policies …………………… 11 2.3 Definition of Social Development in the Lebanese Context ……... 13 2.3.1. Extensive Traditional Definition ……………………………. 13 2.3.2. Focused and Dynamic Definition of Social Development in the Lebanese Context …………………………………….. 13 2.3.3. Balanced Development ……………………………………….