The Foundations for Lasting Peace

Annual Report 2012 Cover: © Steve Tickner for Interpeace. This Page: © Interpeace The Foundations for lasting peace

President Otto Pérez Molina of Guatemala, Interpeace Director-General Scott M. Weber and Regional Director for Latin America Ana Glenda Tager discuss strengthening cooperation to reduce violence in Guatemala. Contents

04 07 08 Letter from the Letter from the Tribute Chairman Director-General

16 22 28 Local Building trust Reaching out to ownership all groups

46 64 74 2012 Highlights Our support Our structures and funding and people

2 04 Letter from the Chairman 07 Letter from the Director-General 08 Tribute

10 About Interpeace 12 Where we build peace

14 Our peacebuilding principles 16 Local ownership 10 12 22 Building trust About Where we build 28 Reaching out to all groups Interpeace peace 34 Long-term commitment 40 Process matters

46 2012 Highlights

64 Our support and funding 66 Our funding 67 Our donors 68 Letter from the auditors 69 Financial statements 72 2012 Programme expenditure

74 Our structures and people 34 40 76 Our Governing Council Long-term Process matters 79 Our Advisory Council commitment 80 Our Strategic Management Team 83 Interpeace Sweden and Interpeace USA 84 Our local partners

86 Peace Day

90 Contact us 92 Get involved

86 90 Peace Day Contact us

3 LETTER FROM THE CHAIRMAN

When I joined Interpeace as Chairman together to exchange views on divisive One of the main of the Governing Council in 2009, one issues is a crucial component of building of the main distinguishing features sustainable peace, and Interpeace’s local distinguishing that made the organization stand out partners have achieved this on multiple in my eyes was its unique approach to occasions last year. features that peacebuilding. Ensuring local ownership, At the very heart of our work on the building trust, reaching out to all groups, ground are the dedicated peacebuilders makes Interpeace long-term commitment and focusing on who go well beyond the call of duty in process are the five core principles that their efforts to promote dialogue and stand out in my guide Interpeace’s methodology. These reconciliation in divided societies. It is fundamental values have led Interpeace’s an immense privilege to engage together eyes is its unique work right from the beginning and with these remarkable people in the long still hold true today. These principles and arduous but also rewarding process approach to greatly contribute to the legitimacy, of building lasting peace. the sustainability and the integrity of peacebuilding. peacebuilding processes. Among these was our colleague Liron Mehrez-Melnik from Israel, who passed Interpeace’s distinctive approach is one away last year. It is with great sadness that of the reasons for its high recognition in we pay tribute to her. Liron will always be the peacebuilding sphere. Whether among remembered for her dedication to peace. the international community or within the countries where it supports programmes, The meaningful advancements in the Interpeace continues to strengthen consolidation of lasting peace could not its position as a key actor in the field have been accomplished without the of peacebuilding. valued support of Interpeace’s donors. I would like to express my gratitude to It is therefore a source of great satisfaction them on behalf of Interpeace and its to see that the Interpeace approach local partners. continues to convince and further extend its impact. 2012 has been a year of growth for Interpeace: the partner organizations in Cyprus and in Liberia have become independent and entirely local entities, and great progress has been accomplished in the development of new programmes in Côte d’Ivoire, the Great Lakes region, John A. Kufuor Libya and Mali. Chairman of the Governing Council It is encouraging to know that a greater number of conflict-affected societies will benefit from the opportunity to openly discuss and design their peacebuilding processes based on the Interpeace methodology. Peacebuilding is about creating conditions that enable dialogue and the peaceful resolution of conflicts from within society. Bringing different groups

4 e c nterpea s Wavre for I rançoi © F

5 e c nterpea s Wavre for I rançoi © F

6 LETTER FROM THE DIRECTOR-GENERAL

Many believe that we are beginning to These same principles, exemplified The real challenge emerge from the deep social, political and throughout this Annual Report, have economic crisis that has gripped the world guided Interpeace’s work for nearly 20 is to transform over the last five years. years. They emerged from lessons learned both by Interpeace’s founder, Matthias hope into trust. What is certain is that the recovery process Stiefel, and the institution itself in its early will be slow and uneven, and that the social years in the 1990s. Interpeace was in many It is when we fabric of trust torn by this crisis will take ways founded to put them into practice in many years and much hard work to mend. trust in each an institutionalized form. The complexity of the challenges we will face Our experience tells us that these principles, other and in the will strain, if not overwhelm, the institutions when applied conscientiously, represent the that have given structure to the world since most effective way to help any complex or future that peace the Second World War. Unless we adapt our multi-stakeholder society define a shared institutions and ways of working together, we purpose and a common way forward in as becomes possible. may face unprecedented levels of conflict in legitimate a way as possible. This is true the decade ahead. in any community, from a classroom to a We may not yet see the solutions from where business, from a city to an entire country. we stand now, but we can see the path we When people begin working together to need to travel. solve problems, they realize they have the We know that we must have strong, flexible, power to change their reality. and legitimate governance systems at all levels Slowly, incrementally and often surprisingly, if we are to meet any of these challenges. hope begins to take root that tomorrow can We know that we cannot afford to leave be better than today. That hope is a crucial anyone behind in this world. That if people starting point on the path to peace. feel unsafe anywhere on this earth, we As one wise Somali colleague once put it, should too. the real challenge is to transform hope into We can see that we are neglecting our trust. It is when we trust in each other and youth and keeping women from taking their in the future that peace becomes possible. rightful and equal place in our societies, and Interpeace’s successes in supporting peace that this may be our greatest mistake of all. around the world would not be possible If we are to prevent the conflicts of tomorrow, without a strong level of trust within our we will need to keep in mind the five core team, with our Governing Council and principles of peacebuilding, namely: from our donors. They share in all our achievements. For their steadfast support, • that broad local ownership of the process but also for their remarkable patience with of building peace is what will ensure our shortcomings, they deserve our most ownership of solutions; sincere gratitude. • recognizing that peace is a process, not a destination; • that building peace is fundamentally about building trust. Trust between individuals and between people and their authorities; • that it is crucial to reach out to all groups in society. All voices need to be heard, even those at the extremes; and • that peace takes time, so long-term Scott M. Weber commitment is essential. There are Director-General no quick-fixes.

7 Tribute to Liron Mehrez-Melnik

More powerful than hope, Liron had incredible presence when “With Liron’s Liron inspired conviction. she walked into a room. No matter the audience, she was able to build people’s passing, we To all of us in the Interpeace family, trust and win them over. She was able Liron was not only a dedicated colleague, to overcome the barriers, building trust have lost an but an inspiration proving through her and confidence. work every day that peace is possible. exceptional person She was an exceptional peacebuilder and The energy she brought to her work as a role model to all of us. Programme Coordinator for Israel, inspired and one of the all those around her. Her brilliantly Liron passed away on 2 April 2012 after strategic mind and her personality allowed a prolonged illness. most impressive her to navigate the political dynamics of Israel. Talking to Liron about her work peacebuilders and the future of the Middle East, she could convince you that peace is not a I have ever met. question of if but when. We must make Her dedication and loyalty to her friends, her family, her team and peacebuilding sure future were genuine and powerful. Her words generations and actions exemplified her beliefs. We all knew Liron as full of life and are inspired by passion. Her strength impressed us all. Even when her illness took its toll, she her example.” threw herself into her work and continued to dedicate her life to peace. Scott M. Weber, Liron’s life and her approach to her Director-General of Interpeace work demonstrated some of the most fundamental lessons of peacebuilding. This is perhaps most evident in her commitment to treat everyone with respect and her recognition of the central importance of preserving the dignity of all. It was Liron’s deep conviction to treat everyone equally regardless of their political or religious beliefs. Liron knew that you need to hear and understand all sides in order to build lasting peace. On the one hand, establishing inclusiveness was her biggest challenge but on the other hand, it is key to the process of finding a sustainable solution.

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9 About Interpeace

About us Our work We currently support peacebuilding We are an independent, Our peacebuilders bring processes in Belize, Burundi, Costa Rica, international peacebuilding people from different sectors Côte d’Ivoire, Cyprus, the Democratic organization and a strategic of society together to lay the Republic of the Congo, El Salvador, partner of the United Nations. foundations for lasting peace. Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Honduras, Israel, Liberia, Libya, Mali, Nicaragua, We were created by the United Nations We build capacities within fragile and Palestine, Panama, Rwanda, the Somali in 1994. We became an independent conflict-affected societies to manage region (Puntland, Somaliland, South- organization in 2000 while maintaining conflict without resorting to violence Central Somalia) and Timor-Leste. a unique partnership with the United or coercion. We recently created the International Nations. As a result, we can operate either We work exclusively with local Peacebuilding Advisory Team (IPAT). IPAT as an independent NGO or as a United peacebuilding teams made up from is a team of peacebuilding practitioners Nations initiative. the society concerned. and experts capable of responding rapidly We work with local peacebuilders in to requests from external partners. IPAT Our peacebuilding work is guided by conflict-affected countries and regions uses participatory approaches to provide five equally important principles: across Africa, Asia, Central America, targeted support which ensures that Europe and the Middle East. • Local ownership; international assistance is aligned with • Building trust; nationally-identified needs and priorities. Our Governing Council is the highest • Reaching out to all groups; decision-making body of the organization We share our peacebuilding expertise • Long-term commitment; and and is chaired by John A. Kufuor, former and latest research with national and • Process matters. President of Ghana. It includes a seat for international policy-makers around the the personal representative of the United world, including the United Nations, to Nations Secretary-General as well as the influence current thinking and practice host government, Switzerland. in the field. Our Advisory Council provides us In 2012, we were named for the second with strategic advice and reflects our consecutive year among the world’s Top commitment to a multi-stakeholder 100 NGOs by the Global Journal. approach. It functions as a platform for sharing views and expertise.

10 Our finances and support We are a non-profit organization. Our peacebuilding work is funded by generous voluntary contributions from governments, multilateral organizations, foundations and private individuals. Our 2012 expenditure of US$ 20 million reflects the growing demand for our work and that our expertise is valued by governments, civil society, United Nations agencies and other international organizations. Our 2012 financial reports were, for the fourth year, in accordance with the highest financial reporting standard – the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Our ZEWO seal of approval shows that we are using the funds entrusted to us in a conscientious manner. e c nterpea kner for I c i

Interpeace is a ZEWO certified non-profit organization. © Steve T

11 Where we Build Peace

Our headquarters are located in Geneva (Switzerland) and we have two representation offices in New York (USA) and Brussels (Belgium). Our regional offices in Nairobi (Kenya) and Guatemala City (Guatemala) oversee peacebuilding programmes in their regions. Interpeace also established New York USA the International Peacebuilding Advisory Team (IPAT). IPAT is a team of peacebuilding practitioners and experts capable of responding rapidly to requests from Guatemala City Guatemala external partners.

Belize Honduras Guatemala El Salvador Nicaragua

Panama Costa Rica

12 Brussels Belgium

Geneva Switzerland MACEDONIA

Cyprus

Palestine Israel Libya

Mali Guinea-Bissau ERITREA

Somali region: Democratic Puntland, Somaliland, Republic of South-Central Somalia INDONESIA (ACEH) Liberia Côte d’Ivoire The Congo

Nairobi Kenya

Timor-Leste Rwanda Burundi

MOZAMBIQUE

OFFICES

CURRENT PROGRAMMES

PAST PROGRAMMES

13 OUR PEACEBUILDING Principles

Local ownership Building trust Reaching out to all groups Long-term commitment Process matters

14 OUR PEACEBUILDING Principles e c nterpea for I for s ano P / ll Conne M c w ndre © A © Local Ownership

Putting local people at the heart of building peace

Peace cannot be imported from the outside. We believe that peace must be built from within societies. We create spaces for dialogue that allow for the active participation of local people to identify peacebuilding challenges and to develop their own solutions. By ensuring local ownership, we pave the way for the sustainability of peacebuilding efforts.

16 © P4DP for Interpeace Local Ownership

We ensure that priorities are If people determined locally and not imposed from the outside. Local ownership participate in ensures that local concerns are at defining the the centre of peacebuilding. Local ownership decreases the likelihood problem, they of a return to conflict. When people are able to participate in shaping their own have a sense future and are able to voice their concerns, they develop an interest in ensuring that of responsibility peace lasts. Local ownership ensures the sustainability and ownership of peacebuilding efforts. of the solutions. Interpeace works exclusively with local teams to jointly create and implement peacebuilding strategies that put local people in the driver’s seat.

18 Our Peacebuilding Principles e c nterpea e z s for I a a z di P o nterpea c © João V © V © I

In 2012, Interpeace’s partner in In Timor-Leste, our partner, the Centre In Libya, based on extensive consultations Guinea-Bissau, Voz di Paz, launched of Studies for Peace and Development carried out across the country during a countrywide reflection process. (CEPAD), launched a National Working its initial exploratory work in 2012, The process involved over 2,000 Group on Corruption, Collusion and Interpeace has developed a long-term Bissau-Guineans to develop consensual Nepotism (KKN) to develop policy strategy to create an ‘infrastructure solutions to four main obstacles to recommendations to combat corruption. for peace.’ lasting peace previously identified Four major policy recommendations The strategy, which responds to needs through a participatory research were presented by members of the specifically identified by Libyan society, process led by Voz di Paz: the problematic National Working Group on KKN for seeks to foster collaboration between security situation, the weak judicial public consideration in 2012. The groups in state and in society collectively system, difficult access to basic social recommendations were validated through working towards conflict transformation services and the exploitation of ethnic countrywide district-level focus group and reconciliation. issues for political purposes. discussions and by key stakeholders, including former President José Ramos-Horta and current President Taur Matan Ruak at an International Forum held in Dili in December 2012.

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20 Our Peacebuilding Principles Local Ownership Libérate Nakimana Programme Coordinator, Centre of Alert and Conflict Prevention, Burundi

Interpeace’s peacebuilding programmes Though the peacebuilding process “Irrespective of are implemented by local partner is a long-term undertaking, CENAP’s organizations in each country or region activities have already made an imprint in their background where we operate. We had a chat with Burundi. Not only have the population’s Libérate, Coordinator of the Dialogue recommendations been taken into account or level of Programme at the Centre of Alert and by the government on several key issues, Conflict Prevention (CENAP), about such as disarmament or the inclusion education, her experience with the locally-led of the political opposition, but several peacebuilding process in Burundi. communities have started organizing ordinary citizens dialogue sessions on their own initiative, “I joined the CENAP team because inspired by CENAP’s work. have a lot of I wanted my work to have a stronger connection with the needs and aspirations “People appreciate our working ideas that can of the population,” Libérate tells us. methods, the way in which we bring them together and enable them to find be useful to CENAP is currently working on the their own solutions,” Libérate explains. implementation of solutions to the priority “Often, providing a space and facilitating decision-makers peacebuilding issues in Burundi, as identified discussions was enough to rapidly through large-scale consultations with generate solutions to various issues over 3,000 Burundians. “The countrywide and dispel misunderstandings.” and are very consultations not only enabled people from all sectors of society to take ownership of Interpeace has been working in keen to express the peacebuilding process, but they also partnership with CENAP, a Burundian created linkages between CENAP and the organization, since 2007 to strengthen themselves.” population,” explains Libérate. “It was a very local capacities to build lasting enriching experience for CENAP researchers peace. “There is a very good level and really strengthened the organization.” of understanding between the two organizations,” says Libérate. “We have The team travelled to some of the most agreed on common working principles remote parts of the country to hold and CENAP implements the programme, discussions and consult with the local with support from Interpeace.” population. “We were struck by the extent to which large parts of the population felt The relationship between the two neglected,” Libérate recalls. “They saw organizations is based on mutual respect, the fact that we had come out from the dialogue, information sharing and capacity capital to meet them and listen to them in building. “The CENAP team feels highly a positive light, and they were very eager valued by Interpeace,” shares Libérate. to express their opinions.” “We are regularly being consulted and involved in Interpeace’s work, to share “Fast and affordable travel might seem our experience at the regional and like a given in the Western world, but for international levels.” many Burundians, it is too expensive. Even the media often do not travel to certain “In Burundi, political power is still mainly remote areas.” However, since CENAP perceived as a means to appropriate more started engaging in discussions, several resources,” closes Libérate. “I believe that communities later contacted the team again the country will have taken a major step to talk about their concerns or to ask them towards lasting peace when principles of to return. “It was only through CENAP democracy, tolerance and the willingness that they realized that they could actually to listen to and work with each other, even contribute to the peacebuilding process opponents, are firmly anchored in the and that their opinions would be taken into Burundians’ practices.” account,” says Libérate.

21 Building trust

Trust is the keystone of peace

Trust is the glue that holds relationships, societies, and economies together. Violent conflict results in the breakdown of trust and that is why rebuilding it is a core element of our approach. By working with all sectors and levels of society to develop a common vision for the future, we contribute to increased mutual understanding and the rebuilding of trust.

22 © CRD Building trust

Conflict tears apart the fabric of societies. Trust cannot be Mistrust colours all relationships, including between people and their leaders. In such imposed, imported contexts, even small problems can escalate or bought. into wide-scale violence. Restoring constructive relationships and building trust is at the core of building sustainable peace. By providing safe spaces for dialogue, Interpeace helps societies re-establish trust through the collaborative identification of obstacles to lasting peace and the development of solutions to common problems. Current policies often put a priority on the ‘hardware’ of rebuilding countries after conflict: infrastructure, government buildings, demobilized soldiers, the timing of elections and police stations built. Very often, these efforts fail to also focus on the crucial ‘software’: reconciliation between former antagonists, trust in public institutions, and traditional practices of dispute resolution. Trust is the glue that holds societies together. It gives institutions lasting legitimacy and helps individuals and groups remain engaged in the long and arduous process of building lasting peace.

24 Our Peacebuilding Principles na E a l b tak ENAP © C M us © © INTERPEA C

In Burundi, our local partner, the Centre In Palestine, Interpeace’s programme In Côte d’Ivoire, Interpeace was mandated of Alert and Conflict Prevention (CENAP), called Mustakbalna, meaning ‘Our Future’ by the Joint Steering Committee of the has been playing a ‘behind-the-scenes’ in Arabic, has been working to promote Priority Plan for the Consolidation of role in trying to rebuild trust between the reconciliation between Palestinians. It is Peace to conduct initial research in the political parties across the political divide. now supporting reconciliation efforts to western parts of the country to better The contested 2010 Communal Elections bridge the gap between the Palestinian understand the challenges to peace. led most opposition parties to boycott the people and the political leadership. The research involved more than 300 subsequent Presidential and Parliamentary Mustakbalna’s advocacy work is carried participants in the Cavally and Guémon Elections. As a result, the opposition is out through working groups of key regions of western Côte d’Ivoire and was not represented in Burundi’s elected actors of Palestinian society, mainly conducted with the support of the United decision-making bodies and has no forum ex-detainees and youth. Nations Development Programme and to express its views. the United Nations Peacebuilding Fund. In an innovative effort to end the internal In 2012, CENAP facilitated the first division that is devastating Palestinian One of the key findings was that there direct and public dialogue since the 2010 society, a mass petition calling for is a widespread feeling of victimization elections between the extra-parliamentary reconciliation was delivered to the top due to the conflict. Therefore, rebuilding opposition and the ruling party with leadership in the West Bank and Gaza in trust and addressing the phenomenon of the aim to better institutionalize the April 2013. The petition, titled ‘Occupation self-victimization needs to be undertaken opposition’s role. CENAP continues to and division are two sides of the same alongside any initiative aiming to support this political dialogue process. coin,’ was launched by ex-detainee sustainably solve the recognized issues. and youth groups with the support of Mustakbalna. 9,195 signatures were collected from all sectors of Palestinian society, from the grassroots to high-level leadership, conveying the people’s demand for an urgent implementation of national reconciliation.

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26 Our Peacebuilding Principles Building trust Renée Larivière Director of Programme Development, Interpeace

Trust is the essential, yet intangible between the current military and the “If you think element on which lasting peace rests. veterans of the independence struggle, “If you think of building lasting peace who were to be present in large numbers of building as constructing a house capable of at the ceremony.” withstanding severe weather, then trust is “When the President arrived though, both lasting peace the cement that holds the bricks together,” military groups stood in ranks side by explains Renée Larivière, Director of side – a situation which would have been as constructing Programme Development at Interpeace. highly explosive just a few years earlier, “Just like obtaining the right mix for but which turned out to be, thanks to our a house capable cement and building a solid wall, the trust building efforts, absolutely one of the process of building trust requires great most peaceful and powerful moments that of withstanding craftsmanship and patience.” I have experienced in Timor.” Renée talked to us about her experience severe weather, Making people aware of other groups’ and the fundamental importance of trust realities can be another effective means in peacebuilding. then trust is of building trust, especially when they Renée has participated in many meetings can see and hear them for themselves. the cement where people with a long history of conflict That is why video is often used in our work. are brought together for the first time. But In Guinea-Bissau, video played a crucial that holds the such meetings call for a vast amount of part in reconciling the population with preliminary work. “We first need to talk to the military. “There had been many bricks together.” people individually and get them to trust us peacebuilding initiatives over the years,” before we can finally bring them together.” explains Renée, “but nobody ever worked “We then usually start with one small with the military, because they were meeting, hoping mainly to kindle just considered too disruptive.” But Voz di Paz, enough trust to come back for a second Interpeace’s partner in Guinea-Bissau, meeting. And bit by bit, as people start gradually started engaging the military coming together in a facilitated process, in a conversation about their needs and they begin to trust the other people captured it on video. in the room.” When the rest of society saw that the “At the beginning, we almost always face soldiers’ needs were often as basic as a certain amount of suspicion,” Renée tells being able to afford a decent meal, their us. “But by being fully transparent about perception was significantly changed. our intentions and by ensuring the right “The video showed the people, who people are present, we are able to show usually straightaway rejected the military, that we do not favour any one group that they were actually closer than they over another and are not trying to impose thought. That opened the door enough for an agenda.” us to start bringing them slowly together.” Sometimes, organizing symbolic events or This reconciliatory process eventually gestures can be essential to reach out to a culminated in a ‘peace march’ where for large number of people and demonstrate the first time, 3,000 civilians and members the possibility of reconciliation. of the military walked side by side in an appeal for peace. “In Timor-Leste, when we saw that the first Peace Houses were gaining traction, we “Peace, for me, in its true sense, is built decided to organize an official launch, to and relies on relationships and trust,” which we invited the Timorese President. Renée concludes. But there were major remaining tensions

27 Reaching out to all groups

Building peace involves everyone

Exclusion or marginalization of key groups of society sows the seeds for renewed violence. Our peacebuilding programmes are designed to include participants from across society – even those who are typically overlooked or seen as difficult to engage with. This inclusive approach ensures that a broad base of social groups share a sense of ownership and responsibility for reconciliation and the rebuilding of their society.

28 © CENAP Reaching out to all groups

Interpeace supports processes that engage Excluding all groups in society. groups from the Including all relevant groups in the process of building peace, such as women, youth, peacebuilding minorities and the diaspora, ensures the legitimacy and ownership of the results. process can Inclusion begins to build bridges of understanding and engages all parties in deepen their a process of change. This, in time, enables the society to move collectively towards resentment moderation and compromise. and give them Involving all groups in the peacebuilding process, the identification of issues and the an opportunity design and implementation of solutions, helps to build a relationship between to undermine governments and their constituencies. For engagement to be meaningful it is the process. essential for participation to be taken seriously and that local voices are heard and taken into consideration.

30 Our Peacebuilding Principles z e m da l a G s D i © L u © B4

The Northern Triangle of Central America Since 2004, Base for Discussion (B4D), has the highest homicide rates in the the Interpeace programme in Israel, has world, with youth most affected by been facilitating dialogue among groups this phenomenon – both as victims and that have traditionally been excluded perpetrators of violence. In partnership from the peace process. B4D engages with the Central American Integration the Palestinian-Arab citizens of Israel, System (SICA), Interpeace has engaged the Russian-speaking community and with young people, gang members, civil the traditional religious population, who society and governments to hear their together represent 58% of the population, views on issues of violence prevention. in the development of a vision for the In 2012, the resulting policy proposals future. B4D organized educational have positively influenced national youth programmes for members of these three policies in Belize, Costa Rica, Nicaragua groups. The seminars aim at strengthening and Panama. the groups’ knowledge of current and past peace processes and at enriching their understanding of other perspectives so that they become better informed and more active participants in the process.

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32 Our Peacebuilding Principles Reaching out to all groups Abdinasir M. Yusuf Researcher, Puntland Development Research Center, Somali region

In the Somali region, where literacy rates are The films typically produced and screened “Films are the very low and a majority of the population by the MAVU cover subjects such as is either nomadic or based in remote rural education, reconciliation, democracy, or best tool to trigger areas, reaching out to all groups calls for raise awareness about issues like piracy. tremendous dedication and creativity. The “We also encounter problems,” says discussions, give Mobile Audio-Visual Unit (MAVU) of one of Abdinasir, “because sometimes we travel Interpeace’s local partners, the Puntland to places where there is no law and order, an issue more Development Research Center (PDRC), where you are extremely vulnerable. It provides an inspiring example of how this can be very tough.” That is why the MAVU visibility and even can be achieved. team make sure they are well informed about the local context and history, and empower people.” MAVU Researcher Abdinasir M. Yusuf took adapt their strategy accordingly. “By the some time to tell us about his fascinating time we have set up our screen and people experience in the Somali outback as he start coming in to watch the films, we recently passed through Europe. know we are safe.” “My society is an oral society,” explains Another area in which the MAVU can really Abdinasir, “which means any channel other make a difference to the communities than verbal communication is less effective.” is putting local issues on the agenda That is the main guiding principle behind of the central government. In the still the MAVU, which uses film screenings as fragile context of the Somali region, this a means to reach out, educate and build can prevent growing discontent from bridges between the isolated communities degenerating into violence or insurgency. of Puntland. “The films not only give information, they also inspire people to This was for instance the case in the bring up and discuss their own problems,” district of Godob-Jiran, where crops he adds, “so it is another way of amplifying were severely affected by pests and the voice of the local people.” sandstorms. Government members heard the discussions that followed the In 2011, the MAVU team travelled to Eyl, film projection on the radio, and later which despite being the nearest coastal saw them on video. As a result, the town from the capital Garowe, was known Government called on the support of to be a major pirate stronghold and a the Food and Agriculture Organization no-go zone. But upon arriving, the team and commissioned a team of experts to discovered that the local people had largely examine the situation in Godob-Jiran succeeded in driving the pirates away and and respond to the problem. were very welcoming. They organized a public forum, which attracted a lot of “After six months, we went back and interest and was broadcast on the radio. visited the place, and the people were so thankful – not that we had responded to Abdinasir recalls: “People in Garowe and the problem, but that we had channelled other cities couldn’t believe that something the information to the right offices.” like this was taking place in Eyl.” This event caused a major turnaround in a matter For Abdinasir, one of the keys to achieving of just a few days. A radio station from lasting peace in the Somali region is Garowe set up a local branch in Eyl, the dialogue, enabling people to express Puntland President and an international and to listen to each other’s views and delegation visited the town, and Eyl also grievances. “We need people to come started receiving more funding. Building together and talk,” he concludes. “The on the initial efforts of the local population, communities are really separate. What such developments are likely to lastingly they need is a bridge, and that is why I strengthen resistance against piracy. believe in the MAVU project.”

33 Long-term Commitment

Building sustainable peace takes time

Building lasting peace is a long-term commitment. Transforming the way a society deals with conflict cannot be achieved instantly. Our peacebuilding efforts take this into account and are designed as long-term initiatives.

34 © Ryan Anson for Interpeace Long-term Commitment

Building lasting peace takes time. The road There are no to peace is long, bumpy, unpredictable, and anything but straight. Support of local short-cuts or efforts must be patient and consistent. quick-fixes. External engagement must be predictable and ensure long-term financial commitments. Otherwise sustaining peacebuilding processes becomes impossible. The Interpeace approach puts a focus on building trust. This approach to rebuilding society and institutions takes time and long-term commitment.

36 Our Peacebuilding Principles e c nterpea for I for s ano P / ll Conne z M c a w z di P ndre o © V A © © IRDP

Early on, Interpeace seeks to strengthen Interpeace has been engaging in the Eighteen years after the Genocide of the the capacity of a local partner team to Somali region for more than 15 years and Tutsi, Rwanda continues to rebuild its take the lead in a peacebuilding process. has established strong partnerships with social fabric, economic foundations and Interpeace’s role evolves over time to local organizations. Violence is rooted governance structures. Interpeace has accompany the local team. The local in long-term historical dynamics that been accompanying Rwandans in the team implements a strategy that engages underpin a society’s social and political search for peace since 2001 through its national stakeholders to take increasing life. We therefore believe that it can take partnership with the Rwandan Institute of ownership of the programme. That generations for the processes necessary Research and Dialogue for Peace (IRDP). ownership is what confers legitimacy and to transform the way a society functions An economic growth rate of 6% and the sustainability to the process. In addition, it to fully unfold. This cannot be achieved country’s relative stability demonstrate often takes time for a society to deal with through quick-fixes. that Rwanda has come a long way in its sensitive and taboo issues. Societies the past decade. But the lack of political and authorities are often not immediately dialogue space and citizen participation is ready to address them. often criticized. After more than 10 years, IRDP’s work on ethnic identity and social cohesion, as well as on citizen participation in governance are still needed.

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38 Our Peacebuilding Principles Long-term Commitment Ana Glenda Tager Regional Director for Latin America, Interpeace

Building lasting peace requires changing members of youth gangs as their enemy. “Some people the way people think and really engaging However young people are the future of and involving them in the peacebuilding our country and society. By criminalizing think that the process. “Once you realize this, you also them and denying them the opportunity recognize that this cannot be done in to be part of our society, we are peace process a matter of days. In fact, it is a matter criminalizing our own future.” of years,” explains Ana Glenda Tager, Today Interpeace is approaching the ends with the Interpeace’s Regional Director for problem of youth violence in a regional Latin America. signature of a way and encourages the countries in the “Some people think that the peace region to work together on the issue and peace agreement. process ends with the signature of a learn from each other. “Our extensive peace agreement. For me, that is when expertise of the context allowed us to look For me, that the peacebuilding process really starts,” at the problem of youth violence from a shares Ana Glenda. regional perspective,” says Ana Glenda. is when the Accordingly, Interpeace’s engagement in Ana Glenda also tells us how important Guatemala began right after the signature long-term commitment is for building peacebuilding of the peace agreement in 1996, ending trusting and lasting relationships with the 36-year-long civil war. The programme local partners in the region. “Our partners process really initially focused on supporting society know that they can rely on us and that we in defining the role of the military in a are not just launching a two-year project starts.” democratic governance system. “Ten years and then not continuing the process of later however, the reality and the context change that we started once the issue is had changed completely. The priorities not making the international headlines and threats had shifted and were different anymore. We have demonstrated our from the issues during the transition dedication and strategic interest in the phase,” Ana Glenda tells us as she looks Central American region, even after the back on the history of the programme in attention of the international community the region. “It is important to understand and the international media has shifted to that the context is constantly changing other areas of the world.” and therefore, you cannot design a “We believe that the issues related to peacebuilding process as something static violence that societies in our region are – you need to know the context well to be experiencing are also relevant to the rest able to react to changes on the ground.” of the world – even if the world is not Ana Glenda elaborates that the issues in looking our way,” explains Ana Glenda. Guatemala today are related to structural At the end of our talk, Ana Glenda stresses violence. “In societies without social the role that Interpeace is playing in cohesion, we observe different types these processes. “We are facilitators. We of violence, for example violence related are strengthening societies to deal with to youth gangs, the use of small arms new challenges and accompanying them and guns, human trafficking and also as they explore ways to move forwards – domestic violence.” even if it is not a straightforward process.” Ana Glenda goes on to explain the focus of the Central American peacebuilding programme: “We analysed which type of violence affected the state and its institutions the most and realized that both society and the state had defined

39 Process Matters

The process is as important as the goal

We put as much effort into what needs to be done to enable a society to build peace as in how the process is approached. There is a need not only to focus on the end goal of building peace, but also on making sure that the process leading to it is managed in a way that allows for inclusion, constructive dialogue and consensus-building – rather than confrontation and power games. This is the only way to build sustainable peace.

40 © Steve Tickner for Interpeace Process Matters

Strengthening the foundations of a society How a that is divided is not business as usual. Mistrust tends to be deeply engrained. peacebuilding Every major issue is explosive, political and urgent. Because of this urgency, the process is tendency is to propose technical solutions rather than to seek holistic solutions to managed and complex problems. How the process is managed and how the engagement of all how groups sides is carried out will determine, in large are engaged part, the success of an initiative. In post-conflict countries, everything is is critically urgent, everything is controversial and resources are scarce. It is precisely in such important to situations that broad consensus building is needed to root compromise in a wider its success. dialogue and trust building process. Interpeace takes a process oriented approach to peacebuilding. This means it places great value on how decisions are made, how priorities are determined, and how the peacebuilding process is managed to ensure decisions are contextual and consensual.

42 Our Peacebuilding Principles e c nterpea E on for I s n C an A © PDR © Ry © INTERPEA C

Interpeace supports the ongoing In Somaliland, Interpeace worked with Following a revolution or violent conflict, democratization in Somaliland the National Electoral Commission developing a new constitution, or and Puntland by providing a (NEC) to continue to build its credibility reforming an existing one, is full of pitfalls peacebuilding perspective to and capacity, including facilitating its and challenges. If lasting peace is the the democratization process. analysis of the technical challenges, risks ultimate objective, the process to get and mitigation strategies for the long there can become as important as the The establishment of strong and overdue Local Council Elections that content of the constitution itself. independent election management took place in 2012. Interpeace supported bodies continues to be crucial in guiding Interpeace launched a handbook, the strengthening of NEC in managing these processes. This ensures that they Constitution-making and Reform: a difficult political environment, while further strengthen the principles of and Options for the Process, that offers ensuring a technically sound electoral commitment to democracy, rather than practical guidance on options for process which maintained NEC’s trigger violence or unrest. designing a constitution-making process. independence and integrity. The handbook draws on the knowledge In Puntland, Interpeace and its local of more than 120 constitutional partner, the Puntland Development practitioners from around the world Research Center (PDRC), contributed and was drafted by four of the world’s to the ratification process of a new leading constitution-making experts. constitution in April 2012. Answering requests from constitution- Interpeace was the lead international makers across the globe, the handbook partner of the Transitional Puntland was translated into Arabic. French and Electoral Commission (TPEC), which Vietnamese translations have been was responsible for conducting the initiated in order to make this resource – Constitutional Convention. which is also available online – as widely accessible as possible.

43 e nterpea c © I

44 Our Peacebuilding Principles Process Matters Ahmed Labnouj Programme Development Officer, Interpeace

The emphasis Interpeace places on Establishing inclusive peacebuilding Before Interpeace the process of building lasting peace processes comes with a number of is most apparent in the way we develop challenges. In order to build lasting peace, officially launches new peacebuilding initiatives. Interpeace even the groups that might be difficult has just completed an exploratory to work with will have to be involved. A new peacebuilding process in Libya, where we are about group that might be playing a disruptive to launch a new peacebuilding role in Libya is the diaspora. “Estimates activities, a programme. Ahmed Labnouj, Programme range from 500,000 to 1 million people – Development Officer, just came back that is about one sixth of the entire Libyan lot of time and from Libya and shared with us his population – who were allegedly loyal to experience of designing an Interpeace the previous regime and left the country effort is spent style peacebuilding intervention. after the revolution,” adds Ahmed. “But it is still important to include them in the on analysing “In Libya, it was not an easy job to prepare peacebuilding process.” the ground for a typical Interpeace the conflict process,” explains Ahmed. “It was very An additional challenge that is unique important to research all the different to Libya is the role played by traditional and identifying actors and understand the dynamics authorities in conflict resolution. In between the different tribes, groups, and the absence of state institutions, Libyans the different newly emerging entities – in the case of have turned to tribal elders to engage Libya we are talking about hundreds of in conflict resolution. tribes with sometimes multiple identities.” actors that are “While elders have played a largely positive Getting an impression of the local role, this engagement is not entirely relevant in each power dynamics and understanding the without problems. Some of the tribal motivations of the different stakeholders elders are pursuing their own agendas and specific context. is key to being able to select members of might not be neutral. What is more is that the local team that will be accepted by these traditional mediation efforts do not all groups involved – a crucial component address the root causes of conflict and are for a credible peacebuilding project. merely band-aid solutions. Periods of calm might follow while tensions continue to “During the exploratory process I travelled simmer and pressure builds up for a future across the country and consulted with a explosion,” clarifies Ahmed. broad range of stakeholders – both formal and informal – including parties that are Building on these insights and thorough only now emerging as important political knowledge of the regional context, actors. Even if a protagonist did not seem Interpeace has developed a peacebuilding important at the time, we still had to process for Libya that takes these evaluate their potential to become relevant challenges into account. in the future,” shares Ahmed. However, inclusivity goes beyond including all relevant stakeholders. Ahmed explains that especially in the Libyan context “you might be including all the actors but there are issues that have not come to the forefront yet. It is therefore essential to make sure that actors who might champion forthcoming issues have already been included in the exploratory process, before the actual peacebuilding work starts.”

45 2012 Highlights

Our peacebuilding work across Africa, Asia, Central America, Europe and the Middle East

46 2012 Highlights e c nterpea by for I i rent D © La u Burundi

Background: Interpeace and its Burundi 2012 Highlights local partner, the Centre of Alert and Conflict Prevention (CENAP), have been strengthening Burundian society’s CENAP was able to foster a number of capacities to consolidate lasting peace dialogue sessions that brought together since 2007. The programme’s strategy high-level officials from the parliamentary of change is directed at preparing the and extra-parliamentary opposition with ground for peaceful and meaningful 2015 delegates from the government and the multi-party elections by facilitating dialogue parliamentary majority and other key between all key political stakeholders. political groups. CENAP hosted dialogue sessions across Europe, where opposition Burundi today stands at a critical juncture leaders in exile and representatives of in its democratization and peacebuilding the diaspora could voice their opinions process. As a result of the contested 2010 on the current political deadlock and ENAP Communal Elections, the opposition propose solutions.

© C is not represented in Burundi’s elected decision-making bodies and has no forum to express its views. This situation leaves CENAP has also created synergies Burundi at a crossroads, with the need to between victims’ associations which had overcome the current political deadlock previously only worked separately along before the 2015 elections. ethnic lines. It facilitated the signature of a Memorandum of Understanding between seven victims’ associations in October 2011 in order to carry out joint commemoration activities.

48 2012 Highlights Côte d’Ivoire

Background: The past ten years have Côte d’ivoire 2012 Highlights been marked by a number of violent crises that have undermined the foundations of Ivorian society. The most recent political Recognizing the need to uncover the roots crisis that followed the 2010 Presidential of recurring conflict in Côte d’Ivoire, Elections brought the country to the Interpeace was mandated by the Joint

e Steering Committee of the Priority Plan c brink of civil war. A year and a half after this post-electoral crisis, the situation for the Consolidation of Peace to conduct remains fragile. Tensions and insecurity initial research in the western parts of the nterpea continue to affect the western parts of the country. The research involved more than country. State institutions and security 300 people in the Cavally and Guémon by forI i forces are still being occasionally attacked. regions of western Côte d’Ivoire and was Combined with the fact that the political conducted with the support the United

rent D opposition feels excluded from the Nations Development Programme and the decision-making process, this shows United Nations Peacebuilding Fund. Four © La u that the deep-rooted causes of conflict main obstacles to lasting peace emerged remain unaddressed. from the dialogue process: land tenure, the political instrumentalization of ethnicity, weak state institutions and the 2002 crisis as well as the 2011 post-electoral crisis. However, the consultations also revealed that these issues were only part of a larger problem. The widespread feeling of having been victimized during the conflict was one of the central issues identified as a cross-cutting factor of tension.

49 Great Lakes Regional Programme (Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda)

Background: Over the past decade, Great lakes regional the Great Lakes region has been struck programme 2012 Highlights by recurring conflict and the local people have been experiencing immense hardships. The recent history of the region Initial participatory research in Burundi, has shown that conflict is not constrained Rwanda and the North and South Kivu by national borders, but is embedded provinces in the Democratic Republic in regional dynamics. Recognizing this, of the Congo has identified four main Interpeace is planning to launch a regional factors that contribute to conflict in the peacebuilding programme. region: the presence of armed groups; illegal and unregulated exploitation of

e natural resources; persisting identity- based stereotypes towards each other; and bad governance. The programme will

nterpea c create links between our existing partner © I teams in Burundi and Rwanda and the new partner organizations in the North and South Kivu provinces to ensure a true regional character of the programme and organizational learning.

Four Congolese organizations were identified to join Interpeace’s Rwandan and Burundian partners in the implementation of the regional programme. The teams jointly chose the issue that the programme will focus on: stereotypes and identity- based manipulations. The programme will seek to strengthen regional peacebuilding capacities through cross-border processes of dialogue and trust building.

50 2012 Highlights Guinea-Bissau

Background: Since 2007, Interpeace has Guinea-Bissau 2012 Highlights been working in Guinea-Bissau with the organization Voz di Paz to open up spaces for dialogue, to encourage the peaceful In 2012, Voz di Paz launched a resolution of conflict and to develop a countrywide reflection process involving national vision for the future. over 2,000 Bissau-Guineans to develop solutions to the four main obstacles to Guinea-Bissau has long been plagued by lasting peace, namely the problematic internal struggles that have contributed security situation, the weak judicial to the weakening of the state and by system, the difficult access to basic social antagonistic forces trying to have services and the exploitation of ethnic exclusive control of power and resources. issues for political purposes. Based on the

z The latest incident in a long series of a findings of the consultation process, Voz military interventions in the political di Paz has developed six concrete policy z di P o realm was the coup d’état of 12 April 2012. proposals to move the country forwards.

© V Consequently, in order to escape the cycle of repeated violence, there is a need for inclusive dialogue between the political Voz di Paz also expanded its network of and military elite of the country. Regional Dialogue Spaces to 11 platforms across the country that provide a crucial space for active citizen engagement and for conflict resolution. Over 110 conflicts have been resolved locally in the past year.

51 Liberia

Background: Interpeace’s engagement Liberia 2012 Highlights in Liberia dates back more than six years with a focus on supporting the reconciliation process. 2012 saw the transformation of Interpeace’s programme into an Liberia is still struggling with the legacy independent Liberian non-profit of a 14-year-long civil war. Consolidating organization and Interpeace partner the fragile democracy, promoting the called the Platform for Dialogue and respect of human rights, strengthening Peace (P4DP). The constitution of the state institutions and crafting a national former Interpeace/UNOPS team into peacebuilding and reconciliation vision an autonomous organization follows for the country are among the most Interpeace’s approach of local ownership pressing challenges. The influx of refugees and capacity building. from neighbouring Côte d’Ivoire following

DP post-election violence in 2011 poses

© P 4 an additional problem for the conflict- P4DP conducted a mission to the border ridden country. area with Côte d’Ivoire to identify potential youth partner organizations for the planned activities geared toward enhancing the capacity of at-risk youth for peace and security, and further assess the ongoing dynamics.

52 2012 Highlights Libya

Background: The Libyan uprising was Libya 2012 Highlights different from other revolutions in the region, as peaceful protests were quickly followed by a call to arms as a response Based on extensive consultations to the government’s violent repression. carried out across the country during its However, the revolution has revealed and exploratory work in 2012, Interpeace has triggered serious communal rifts, and developed a long-term strategy to create weapons and armed groups permeate an ‘infrastructure for peace’ – institutions, society. These issues threaten the very structures and processes that allow fabric of Libyan society and will continue a society to mediate its own conflicts to hinder the building of lasting peace and without resorting to violence. The strategy,

e stability in the near future. which responds to needs specifically identified by Libyan society, seeks to foster collaboration between groups in state

nterpea c and in society working towards conflict © I transformation and reconciliation.

53 Mali

Background: Mali is currently facing Mali 2012 Highlights an unprecedented political, military and security crisis with growing levels of economic and social instability. Although Interpeace’s exploratory process, which the military intervention that started included wide-ranging consultations in in early 2013 has become the primary Mali itself and in some of the neighbouring focus of Malians and the international countries (Burkina Faso, Mauritania community, the war will not address the and Niger), led to the development of a root causes that led Mali to implosion in strategy for a nationwide peacebuilding 2012. The recent crisis has revealed that programme. The overall objective of the there are deep divisions and tensions peacebuilding programme is to establish

e within Malian society that are having an inclusive and participatory process of destabilizing effects on the nation. dialogue engaging all sectors and levels of Malian society in a collective reflection

nterpea c to develop a common vision for a shared © I future. The process will also seek to establish permanent dialogue platforms across the country to help build bridges of dialogue between the different sectors of society and state institutions to help restore trust between the state and Malians.

54 2012 Highlights Rwanda

Background: Interpeace and its local Rwanda 2012 Highlights partner, the Institute of Research and Dialogue for Peace (IRDP), have been engaging Rwandans in the search for Following IRDP’s research on citizen solutions to peacebuilding challenges participation in decision-making, the related to governance and social cohesion Rwandan government included this issue since 2001. as a key priority in its decentralization strategy and established an Accountability Rwanda continues to face challenges on Day for its ministers. the path towards a multi-party democracy. Several reports point to the lack of an open space that ensures freedom of speech for

ova IRDP was invited to contribute to the civil society organizations, the media and elaboration of the Economic Development other key actors in the political arena. and Poverty Reduction Strategy II of the Rwandan government. © Stephan R

55 Somali region

Background: The Somali region has been Somali region 2012 Highlights plagued by a complex civil war originating e

c in elite and clan-based conflicts over power, territory and resources. Recent In April 2012, Puntland successfully positive dynamics, however, have given ratified its new constitution. The nterpea rise to optimism. Transitional Puntland Electoral

for I for Commission (TPEC), with the support s Interpeace has been engaged in the Somali of Interpeace, ensured that the ratification

ano region for more than 15 years and has long- P

/ process was inclusive, participatory and

ll established partnerships with the Puntland representative. Throughout the process, Development Research Center (PDRC) TPEC demonstrated high levels of Conne in Puntland, the Academy for Peace and professionalism and transparency.

M c Development (APD) in Somaliland and the w Center for Research and Dialogue (CRD)

ndre in South-Central Somalia. Interpeace’s Following the peaceful 2010 Presidential © A © local partners in the Somali region are Elections, Somaliland was able to hold supporting the statebuilding process Local Council Elections in November 2012. through a peacebuilding lens and building Interpeace worked in close cooperation social cohesion. with the National Electoral Commission The Pillars of Peace programme focuses (NEC), providing capacity building, in the on democratization, decentralization, lead-up to these elections. social reconciliation, security and the rule of law. The Democratization programme aims to promote an even stronger and Interpeace local partner CRD presented more stable Somali region by supporting the findings from research that gathered national electoral institutions to carry out input from over 500 Somalis in the report elections and related processes. In Pursuit of Peace – Challenges and Opportunities in the Central Regions.

56 2012 Highlights Timor-Leste

Background: The Programme of Timor-Leste 2012 Highlights Research and Dialogue for Peace (PRDP) was launched by Interpeace and its local partner, the Centre of Studies for Peace Completing a 12-month process which and Development (CEPAD), in 2007 to engaged over 300 key stakeholders in contribute to the creation of a climate in countrywide consultations, the National which Timorese citizens are better able Working Group on corruption formulated

e to identify the most pressing obstacles to four central policy recommendations c lasting peace, understand the origins and to combat corruption. These the dynamics of conflict, and collectively recommendations were validated

nterpea address these in a non-violent and at an international event in Dili which sustainable way. The programme has since involved over 300 national actors. s for I

a engaged the participation of some 5,000 key stakeholders – directly and indirectly – in the various activities of PRDP, confirming Thirteen district-level focus group © João V the strong support it has obtained to date. discussions produced recommendations to promote the capacity of women to actively 2012 saw two important events take place participate in ongoing political processes. in Timor-Leste: the Parliamentary and Presidential Elections and the completion of the United Nations’ 12-year mandate in the A fourth Peace House was inaugurated by country. Tremendous efforts and political the country’s President Taur Matan Rauk progress have been made towards building to provide a safe space for communities state institutions during the 12-year process to undertake dialogues and conflict of transition to democracy under United resolution initiatives at the local level. Nations and international tutelage. However, the country still faces many challenges in areas that have led the Timorese into a cycle of successive crises, as less attention and resources have been given to promoting inclusive dialogue, participatory governance and conflict management.

57 Cyprus

Background: Interpeace has been Cyprus 2012 Highlights working in Cyprus through a joint programme, called Cyprus 2015, with the United Nations Development Programme Over the course of 2012, the Cyprus team (UNDP-ACT) since 2009 to link the produced a series of policy briefs focusing peace negotiation process to the local on new developments in the negotiation

D population’s needs and aspirations. In process. Designed to influence the policy 2012, Cyprus 2015 was transformed into discourse, these briefs were handed to a local entity – the Centre for Sustainable the leadership of both communities, the

s for See Peace and Democratic Development United Nations Good Offices Mission and itti (SeeD). SeeD is the first inter-communal disseminated in the media. s G

o think tank on the island and is going to c focus its work on opening up the peace

/Mar Following the very successful workshop s process to inputs from the public. ip on ‘Social Cohesion and Reconciliation’ in © c This past year was marked by a standstill September 2012, which brought together in the peace negotiations between the two leading academics, practitioners and sides of the island. Since 1974, Cyprus has key stakeholders, SeeD is developing remained divided between the Greek- the Social Cohesion and Reconciliation Cypriot community in the south and the Index (SCORE), in line with current Turkish-Cypriot community in the north. best practices in conceptualizing and measuring the state of reconciliation in Cyprus.

58 2012 Highlights Israel

Background: Since 2004, Base Israel 2012 Highlights for Discussion (B4D), Interpeace’s programme in partnership with the United Nations Development Thirty ultra-orthodox women graduated Programme (UNDP-PAPP), has been with a Master’s degree after having facilitating dialogue among groups that completed a one-year educational have traditionally been excluded from programme in conflict resolution. These the peace process. By engaging the seminars aim at reinforcing the groups’ Palestinian-Arab citizens of Israel, the knowledge of the peace process. Russian-speaking community and the traditional religious population, B4D is filling a critical void on the path Recent graduates of B4D’s educational to peace. programme for rabbis and other s key representatives of the religious

ano Decades of violence and failed peace community in Israel have come together © P initiatives have left public opinion in as a ‘Committee of Rabbis.’ As a result of Israel divided on key issues related to B4D’s work, the participating rabbis have peace. If a future peace accord is to become more aware of the contribution bring lasting peace, it is essential that they can make to settling inter-religious previously sidelined groups be included tension. Tours, seminars and visits to sites in the peace process. that are important to Muslims, Jews and Christians alike, inspired the participants to work together for a peaceful solution to the conflict in the Middle East.

59 Palestine

Background: Mustakbalna, meaning Palestine 2012 Highlights ‘Our Future’ in Arabic, is the Interpeace programme in Palestine. Since 2004, Mustakbalna has been implementing an In close collaboration with its youth inclusive approach bringing together and ex-detainee working groups, diverse sectors of the Palestinian society. Mustakbalna facilitated a petition calling The process engages actors from all for the end of the division between political parties, civil society, intellectuals, Fatah and Hamas leaderships. The team in addition to ex-detainees and youth collected more than 9,000 signatures in groups to address the main challenges the West Bank and Gaza, representing facing Palestine, consolidate peace among a form of popular pressure.

na Palestinians and develop a common vision a l

b for the future. The trust and credibility

tak gained over the years has enabled the On Peace Day, 21 September, Mustakbalna programme to have access to credible and organized a photo exhibition in Gaza titled © M us © influential political actors at all levels, from ‘Palestine Through Your Eyes.’ Calling the grassroots to leadership and decision- for an end to the internal division, the makers in the West Bank and Gaza. pictures on display promoted a culture of tolerance and peace. The burden of Israeli occupation is augmented by the enduring internal division, affecting all aspects of life. The much hoped for reconciliation between the two main political parties, Fatah and Hamas, is not moving forward and a unity government is not in sight. Fatah’s and Hamas’ lack of accountability is leading to growing frustrations in the Palestinian streets and is undermining the efforts to focus on developing a common vision for Palestine.

60 2012 Highlights Central America

Background: Interpeace has worked Youth Programme at the national and regional level to 2012 Highlights conduct inclusive processes to develop policy recommendations on preventing youth-related violence since 2007. In cooperation with the Central American Interpeace also works to improve the Integration System (SICA) and the capacity of countries in the region to Secretariat for Social Integration in Central manage insecurity. America (SISCA), Interpeace developed public policy proposals for the prevention The Northern Triangle of Central of youth-related violence in Belize, Costa

ía America has the highest homicide rates c Rica, Nicaragua and Panama that were

ar in the world, with youth most affected adopted by the governments of the region. by this phenomenon – both as victims In Panama, the inputs served as a basis for and perpetrators of violence. Most state ando G ando the National Youth Plan of the Ministry responses to deal with this violence of Social Development. In Costa Rica, the © A r m © have proved ineffective. What is more, government asked Interpeace to facilitate violence is becoming a culturally accepted a participatory process in order to help mechanism of conflict resolution. them develop a National Plan for violence prevention. In Belize, the Ministry of Youth and Sports recently embraced the proposals for a national public policy.

Security and Justice Programme 2012 Highlights

In cooperation with the Guatemalan Ministry of National Defence, Interpeace’s Security and Justice programme jointly formulated a proposal for a ‘Multi-sectoral Dialogue Process on the Role of the Guatemalan Army in Security Affairs.’

61 e c nterpea by for I i rent D © La u

62 2012 Highlights Support to international peacebuilding policy and practice

Sustainable change depends on the The International Interpeace is positive reinforcement generated between Peacebuilding Advisory the national, regional and international Team (IPAT) assisting the levels. This is why we work in partnership IPAT is a team of peacebuilding with a broad range of organizations at practitioners and experts capable of international every level: from local non-governmental responding rapidly to requests from organizations to the United Nations. community to play external partners and clients. IPAT Interpeace is a strategic partner of the provides targeted support on the use of a more effective United Nations. A unique feature of participatory approaches which ensures Interpeace is that it can operate as an that international assistance is aligned role in supporting independent organization or as a United with nationally-identified needs and Nations initiative. priorities. IPAT offers support in four peacebuilding specific areas of expertise: Further increasing our policy impact • Conflict-sensitive and peacebuilding- efforts around at the international level, Interpeace oriented analysis and programming provides technical assistance with • Multi-stakeholder dialogue processes the world. regard to capacity building initiatives or • Constitution-making processes peacebuilding interventions to United • Participatory polling Nations organizations and agencies. In addition, IPAT delivers a training on leadership in peacebuilding together with United Nations Department of the Geneva Centre for Security Policy. Political Affairs

Interpeace has an agreement with the The New Deal United Nations Department of Political Affairs to provide assistance in four areas: Interpeace is actively involved in the national dialogue processes, conflict Civil Society Platform for Peacebuilding prevention initiatives, constitution-making and Statebuilding and has provided processes and participatory polling. contributions to the International Dialogue on Peacebuilding and Statebuilding and the New Deal for Engagement in Fragile States. United Nations Peacebuilding Support Office Interpeace has played a convening role in the Platform’s work to help develop As part of our partnership with the United peacebuilding and statebuilding indicators Nations Peacebuilding Support Office as part of the pilot implementation phase (PBSO), Interpeace has seconded a Policy of the New Deal and has also been actively Officer to its office in New York. This involved in the political strategy sub-group enables the PBSO to more effectively draw as part of the New Deal initiative. on Interpeace’s expertise and networks to inform its peacebuilding strategies. Geneva Peacebuilding Platform As an example, Interpeace played a key Interpeace Deputy Director-General, role in designing and facilitating a PBSO Interpeace is one of four organizations Research and Development, Bernardo workshop on reconciliation in Ghana that on the Steering Committee of the Geneva Arévalo de León presents the results of involved participants from more than Peacebuilding Platform, an inter-agency a participatory research on the causes 20 countries. network that connects peacebuilding of conflict in western Côte d’Ivoire to actors, resources and expertise in Geneva the Minister of State, Planning and and worldwide. Development of Côte d’Ivoire, Dr. Albert Toikeusse Mabri, in Abidjan.

63 Our Support and Funding

Our Funding Our Donors Letter from the Auditors Financial Statements 2012 Expenditure

Brechtje Klandermans, Policy Officer at the Humanitarian Aid and Reconstruction Division, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. 64 Our Support and Funding e nterpea c © I Our Funding

In 2012, Interpeace received a total of Interpeace is very US$ 20.4 million of funding for its work. Interpeace not only reaches US$ 15.1 million was for specific projects out to different sectors of grateful for the (restricted funding) and US$ 5.3 million society in its peacebuilding continued support was unrestricted funding. programmes but also tries to Interpeace receives both restricted involve a wide range of actors of governments, funding support (which is limited either in supporting peacebuilding. by region, programme or by specific In 2011, Interpeace and the European earmarking within a programme) and Mirabaud & Cie, banquiers unrestricted funding support (which goes privés, a Geneva-based Union, the towards the organization’s programme of work without restriction as to its private bank, launched a United Nations, use). Both types of funding are vital to partnership which gives Interpeace’s ability to pursue its mission. people an opportunity to foundations invest in emerging markets, all the while supporting and generous peacebuilding work in conflict- individuals to affected countries. The partnership is a the organization compelling example of how the private sector can play a role in 2012. in making the world a safer place. Different actors have a Their trust and role to play in building lasting peace and by working together commitment can harness their strengths. are essential for Interpeace to pursue its mission of enabling societies to resolve conflicts peacefully.

66 Our support and funding Our Donors

Governments and Foundations and Other In addition to Multilateral Organizations Organizations individuals, Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Development Alternatives Inc. (DAI) Foreign Trade and Development Graduate Institute of International and Cooperation the following Development Studies Canadian International Development International Youth Foundation donors supported Research Centre (IDRC) International Republican Institute (IRI) Interpeace in Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs Swedish Postcode Foundation 2012. We are very European Commission Tetra Tech DPK Finnish Ministry for Foreign Affairs grateful for their United States Institute of Peace (USIP) French Ministry of Foreign Affairs continued support. Irish Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Corporate and Other Donations Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands Mirabaud & Cie, banquiers privés Norwegian Ministry for Foreign Affairs Spanish Ministry for Foreign Affairs and Cooperation State of Qatar Swedish Ministry for Foreign Affairs Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA) Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs United Kingdom Department for International Development (DFID) United States Department of State United States Agency for International Development (USAID) United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) United Nations Peacebuilding Support Office (UN PBSO) United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)

67 Letter From the Auditors

68 Our support and funding Financial Statements

Interpeace’s Income and Expenditure (US$) 2012 2011 financial reports Income are prepared in United Nations 778 100 560 690 Governments 17 568 153 14 738 971 accordance with Trusts & Foundations, NGO and Other 2 052 715 998 451 the International Bank Interest and Exchange Gains 20 498 210 316 Financial Total Income 20 419 466 16 508 428

Reporting Expenses Standards (IFRS) Personnel (incl. consultants) 12 435 302 10 505 029 representing the Travel and Related Expenses 2 090 087 1 741 154 Equipment Purchases 212 626 262 982 highest level of Depreciation 47 469 58 885 financial reporting Office, Communications, Vehicle and Finance 2 318 610 1 713 645 worldwide. Workshops, Reporting and Professional Services 2 844 844 1 838 102 UN Management Fees 63 962 104 732

The complete audited statements Exchanges Losses and Actuarial Adjustments 326 580 236 438 are available upon request at: Total Expenses 20 339 480 16 460 967 [email protected]. Net Income / Expenses 79 986 47 461 Carryforward from Previous Year 1 475 721 1 428 260 Closing Balance 31 December 1 555 707 1 475 721

69 e nterpea c © I

70 Our support and funding

Interpeace is a Balance Sheet (as at 31 December) (US$) 2012 2011 ZEWO certified Assets non-profit Non Current Assets Property, Plant and Equipment 61 406 89 017 organization. Deposits 81 372 63 282 The ZEWO seal Current Assets of approval is Deposits 5 271 6 436 awarded to Swiss Advances to UN 93 788 215 147 Advances to Partners 134 211 123 231 organizations that Donor Income Receivable 4 199 585 2 463 770 provide transparent Other Receivables and Prepayments 296 699 428 442 information, have Cash and Cash Equivalents 2 464 161 5 046 801 independent and Total Assets 7 336 493 8 436 126 appropriate control Liabilities and Reserves Non Current Liabilities mechanisms in Provisions 123 375 100 477 place, communicate Employee Benefits 720 859 472 813 openly and procure Current Liabilities their funds in a Deferred Income 3 290 520 4 024 042 Amounts due to Partners 467 083 97 252 fair manner. Income to be Repaid to Donors 0 1 035 867 Payables and Accruals 1 178 949 1 229 954 Total Liabilities 5 780 786 6 960 405

Unrestricted Reserves 1 555 707 1 475 721 Total Liabilities and Reserves 7 336 493 8 436 126

Mike Pejcic, Chief Financial Officer and Director of Administrative Support, Interpeace.

71 2012 PROGRAMME EXPENDITURE

The overall 2012 Programme Expense summary (US$) expenditure Somalia Pillars of Peace 3,673,178 Puntland Mobile AVU 285,266 for 2012 was Somalia Civil Society Coalition 137,715 US$ 20.3 million. Somalia Youth 10,700 Somaliland Presidential Elections 231,692 Somalia Democratization Phase III 5,456,562 Rwanda 1,336,092 Burundi 414,198 Great Lakes 19,357 Guinea-Bissau 610,013 Liberia 139,902 Sudan Darfur 20,825 Mali 263,950 Côte d’Ivoire 85,998 Madagascar 129,988 Libya 244,753 Guatemala Initiatives for Peace 18,998 Latin America Youth 372,284 Latin America Security and Justice 66,817 Guatemala UICC Secondment 9,000 Timor-Leste 178,609 Israel 499,484 Palestine 407,619 Cyprus 435,524 Civil Society Consultation 75,961 Peacebuilding Standing Team 331,030 UN PBSO Secondment 275,460 Total Project Expenses 15,730,975 Less Management Fees (891,255) Programme Support 1,715,970 TOTAL PROGRAMME 16,555,690

72 Our support and funding

Expenditure Summary 2002-2012 (US$ Million)

30

25 26.0

23.0 20 20.3 18.2 15 16.5

13.3

10 10.1 9.9

7.1 5 6.3 4.7

0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

73 Our Structures and People

Our Governing Council Our Advisory Council Our Strategic Management Team Interpeace Sweden and Interpeace USA Our local partners

The Interpeace Governing Council attends a play on gender-based violence in Villa Nueva, Guatemala. 74 Our Structures and People z e u q s á dio V a u l © C Our Governing Council (as of 10.06.2013)

The Interpeace Governing Council defines the organization’s strategic direction and vision.

John A. Kufuor Paddy Ashdown Martti Ahtisaari (Ghana) (United Kingdom) (Finland) Chairman since 2009 Member since 2008 Chairman Emeritus and Special Advisor since 2009 Former President of Ghana; former Member of the House of Lords; former President of the African Union (AU); former Member of Parliament and leader of Recipient of 2008 Nobel Peace Chairman of the Economic Community of the Liberal Democrats; former High Prize; former President of Finland; West African States (ECOWAS) Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina Chairman of the Interpeace Governing Council from 2001 to 2009 Matthias Stiefel Hind Bint Hamad Al-Thani (Switzerland) (Qatar) Member since 2005 and Vice-Chairman Member 2008-2013 since 2007 Vice-Chairperson of the Qatar Foundation; Founder and former President Director of the Office of the Emir of of Interpeace Qatar, His Highness Sheikh Hamad Bin Khalifa Al-Thani

76 Our Structures and People z e u q s á dio V a u l o: © C c aran T - z ernande e; F c nterpea s for I ano P / ll Conne c w M ndre l © A e; Stiefe c nterpea s Wavre for I Oscar Fernandez-Taranco Jan Pronk Mabel Van Oranje

(Argentina) (Netherlands) (Netherlands) rançoi

Member since 2010 Member since 2004 Member 2010-2013 : © F ms ia

Representative of the United Nations Currently affiliated with the Institute Senior Advisor and former Chief ll Wi

Secretary-General on the Governing of Social Studies in The Hague; former Executive Officer of The Elders; Founder c Council; Assistant Secretary-General for Special Representative of the United and Co-Chair of the European Council Political Affairs of the United Nations Nations Secretary-General in Sudan; on Foreign Relations; former Advocacy

former Minister for Development Director of the Open Society Institute or and M u and Cooperation, Government of f Monica McWilliams the Netherlands ept Ku

(Ireland) Claude Wild c (Switzerland) e ex

Member since 2013 c Anthony Travis Member since 2010 Professor of Women’s Studies at the (Switzerland/United Kingdom) University of Ulster; Member of the Representative of the Host Government Honorary Treasurer since 2005 Northern Ireland Legislative Assembly on the Governing Council; Head of Human s © interpea until 2003 and contributor to the Former Senior Partner, Security Division, Federal Department of peace negotiations leading to the PriceWaterhouseCoopers Foreign Affairs

Good Friday Agreement ll photo a

77 e nterpea c © I

78 Our Structures and People Our Advisory Council (As of 10.06.2013)

The Interpeace In 2013, Interpeace is revising Partners’ Forum the composition of its Advisory Advisory The Interpeace Partners’ Council to ensure greater Forum is an annual meeting Council is a geographic representation. of government representatives Interpeace also maintains its multi-stakeholder and United Nations agencies Donor Committee that is limited through which we strengthen platform for to the organization’s donors. our linkages with the debate and Sweden (Chair) international community. Ambassador Jan Knutsson Members of the Partners’ Forum include discussion on Permanent Representative of Sweden to Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, the United Nations in Geneva France, Ireland, Japan, the Netherlands, key peacebuilding Norway, Portugal, Singapore, Slovenia, France Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, issues. the United States of America, as well as Ambassador Jean-Marc Châtaigner the United Nations Department of Political Deputy Director-General, Global Affairs, Affairs (UNDPA), the United Nations Office Development and Partnerships, French for the Coordination of Humanitarian Ministry of Foreign Affairs Affairs (UN-OCHA), the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Guatemala Refugees (UNHCR), the United Nations Ambassador Gert Rosenthal Children’s Fund (UNICEF), the United Permanent Representative of Guatemala to Nations Democracy Fund (UNDEF), the the United Nations in New York United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the United Nations Netherlands Office for Project Services (UNOPS) and Joost Andriessen the European Commission. Director of the Stabilisation and Humanitarian Aid Department, Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Tanzania Ambassador Liberata Mulamula Senior Advisor of the President of the Republic of Tanzania

United States Karin von Hippel Deputy Assistant Secretary for Overseas Operations, Bureau of Conflict and Stabilization Operations, United States Department of State Ambassador Jan Knutsson, Permanent Representative of Sweden to the United Additional members are currently Nations in Geneva. being recruited.

79 Our Strategic Management Team

In accordance Scott M. Weber Director-General with Interpeace’s decentralized Bernardo Arévalo de León Deputy Director-General, Research structure, and Development the Strategic Management Team Jerry McCann Deputy Director-General, Operations is based around the world. Renée Larivière Director of Programme Development

Sarah Noble Chief of Staff and Director of External Relations

Mike Pejcic Chief Financial Officer and Director of Administrative Support

Graeme Simpson Director of Policy and Learning

Johan Svensson Regional Director for Eastern and Central Africa

Ana Glenda Tager Regional Director for Latin America

Johan Svensson, Regional Director for Eastern and Central Africa.

80 Our Structures and People e nterpea c © I

81 e nterpea c © I

82 Our Structures and People Interpeace Sweden and Interpeace USA

Interpeace is currently establishing Interpeace USA Interpeace Sweden to support the mission of Interpeace worldwide. and newly created The members of the Board include Interpeace (as of 10.06.2013): Carin Götblad Sweden help Peter Elam Håkansson mobilize Abbe Ibrahim support for the Magnus Kindstrand organization Krister Kumlin Johan Lundberg and promote Tord Magnuson our mission. Sarah Noble Scott M. Weber

Interpeace USA is supported by a number of influential friends, also known as the US Board of Governors: Giles Conway-Gordon Robin Johnson Jeffrey Lewis Howard McMorris II

Interpeace Inc. (USA) is an independent non-profit organization in the United States and is registered with the IRS as a 501(c)(3) Tord Magnuson, organization. Chairman of Interpeace Sweden.

83 Our Local partners

Burundi Israel Centre d’Alerte et de Prévention des Center for Professional Arab Local Conflits (CENAP) Governance in Israel – INJAZ Center Haredi College of Jerusalem Central American Youth The Van Leer Institute Programme United Nations Development El Salvador: Fundación de Estudios para la Programme – PAPP Aplicación del Derecho (FESPAD), Servicio Social Pasionista (SSPAS) Liberia Honduras: Centro de Investigación y Promoción de los Derechos Humanos Platform for Dialogue and Peace (P4DP) (CIPRODEH)

Palestine Cyprus United Nations Development Centre for Sustainable Peace and Programme – PAPP Democratic Development (SeeD)

United Nations Development Rwanda Programme – ACT Institut de Recherche et de Dialogue pour la Paix (IRDP) Democratic Republic of the Congo (prospective partners) Somali Region Centre d’Etudes Juridiques Appliquées (CEJA) Academy for Peace and Development (APD), Somaliland Pole Institute Center for Research and Dialogue Action pour la Paix et la (CRD), South-Central Somalia Concorde (APC) Puntland Development Research Réseau d’Innovation Center (PDRC), Puntland Organisationnelle (RIO)

Timor-Leste Guinea-Bissau Programme of Research and Dialogue Iniciativa para Consolidação da Paz for Peace (PRDP) currently hosted by (Voz di Paz) the Centre of Studies for Peace and Development (CEPAD)

84 Our Structures and People e c nterpea DP for I 4 © P

85 Peace Day

21 September

86 © Interpeace z e u q s á dio V a u l © C

88 Peace day Peace Day

Peace Day is A Geneva Landmark Goes Blue A Space for Peace In Geneva, Interpeace organized a In Timor-Leste, Interpeace’s partner observed around panel discussion on inclusiveness in CEPAD laid the foundational stone of peacebuilding together with the United the fourth Peace House in the country. the world on Nations Office at Geneva and the Geneva Peacebuilding Platform. Using Art to Promote Peace 21 September To reach out to the inhabitants of Geneva, Interpeace teamed up with the City of Our team in Palestine, Mustakbalna, each year. It was Geneva to illuminate the Jet d’Eau, one of set up a temporary photo exhibition the town’s most famous landmarks, in blue. in Gaza. Around 40 photographs taken established by the by Palestinian photographers and journalists were presented under the United Nations A Human Chain for Peace theme of ‘Palestine Through Your Eyes’ to promote peace. General Assembly Our teams in Central America organized a wide range of activities, from a public as a day of forum to the laying of the foundation A Partnership for Peace Day stone of a Peace Reference Center, a non-violence hip hop dance show and a street soccer In 2012, Interpeace partnered with the tournament. In Guatemala City, more than organization Peace One Day to call for and cease-fire. 2,500 young people came together to form a Global Truce 2012 on 21 September. a human chain for peace. Interpeace is the lead partner of Peace One Day’s NGO Coalition that was launched in June 2012. Interpeace reached A Song for Peace out to NGOs in nearly every country in the world – a great opportunity for Interpeace’s partner in Puntland, PDRC, the organization to expand its network organized a film screening on social and engage in meaningful conversations reconciliation and in Somaliland, our with other like-minded organizations. partner APD wrote a peace song that was Over 500 non-profit organizations from widely disseminated on Peace Day. the humanitarian, development and environmental sectors have joined the Raising Awareness of the NGO Coalition to date. Need for Peace In Burundi, Interpeace’s partner CENAP For more information on the NGO Coalition launched a radio campaign calling for a and on how to get involved, go to: day free of violent conflict and a decrease www.interpeace.org/peace-day in violence in the lead-up to Peace Day. In Rwanda, our partner IRDP celebrated Peace Day by organizing a number of discussions in the dialogue and debate clubs that have been founded across the country.

More than 2,500 young people came together to form a human chain for peace in Guatemala City on Peace Day.

89 Contact us

Interpeace Headquarters Interpeace Regional Interpeace Representation Office for Eastern and Office in New York 7-9 Chemin de Balexert Central Africa 1219 Châtelaine - Geneva 7001 Brush Hollow Road, Suite 214 Switzerland Priory Place, 5th Floor Westbury, NY 11590 USA Argwings Kodhek Road T +41 (0) 22 917 8593 M +1 (646) 643 9979 P.O.Box 14520 - 00800 Westlands F +41 (0) 22 917 8039 Kilimani, Nairobi [email protected] Kenya Interpeace Europe www.interpeace.org T +254 (20) 265 5228 24 Avenue des Arts M +254 733 605 290 / +254 710607373 Boîte 8 facebook.com/Interpeace F +254 (20) 386 2845 1000 Brussels twitter.com/InterpeaceTweet Belgium Interpeace Regional T +32 (2) 230 0015 Office for Latin America 11 Avenida 14-75, zona 10 01010 Guatemala City Guatemala T +502 2381 9700 T +502 2381 9710 F +502 2381 9797

90 © Ryan Anson for Interpeace TE H FOundATIONS FOR LASTING PEACE

Take part in laying the foundations for lasting peace. There are many ways to contribute, from financial support to making donations in-kind or offering some of your time.

T o find out more about how your support can make a difference or to make a financial donation, please send us an email at [email protected] or visit www.interpeace.org. Interpeace would like to thank Charlescannon, Geneva, Switzerland and Messaggio, Carouge, Switzerland for their kind support that contributed to the design and printing of this 2012 Annual Report.

© Interpeace 2013

92 © INTERPEACE www.interpeace.org

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In partnership with the United Nations © I nterpeace