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Contributors

Adjua Barbara E. Adams Katherine Olukemi Bankole The College of New West Virginia University–Morgantown Rochelle–Rosa Parks Campus James A. Banks David Shachia Agum University of Washington Kismet Beckman Makungu M. Akinyela University of Chicago Georgia State University Aslaku Berhanu Akua Nson Akoto Temple University NationHouse Watoto Shule/Sankofa Fie William Boone Kwame Agyei Akoto Temple University NationHouse Watoto Shule/Sankofa Fie Kwame Botwe-Asamoah Akin Alao University of Pittsburgh University of Texas at Austin George Brandon Adisa A. Alkebulan City University of New York Medical School San Diego State University David Brodnax Troy D. Allen Northwestern University Southern University Jacqueline Imani Bryant Harry Amana Chicago State University University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Stephen M. Caliendo New York University Temple University Dawn L. Cannon Molefi Khumalo Asante Howard University College of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles Willie L. Cannon Brown Deborah F. Atwater Pierce College Pennsylvania State University Ibo Changa University Park Campus Temple University Mario J. Azevedo Mark A. Christian University of North Carolina at Charlotte Miami University of Ohio

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xvi———Encyclopedia of Black Studies

Talmon Chvaicer Peter Gratton University of Haifa, Israel DePaul University Adeniyi A. Coker Fatima Hafiz University of Alabama at Birmingham Temple University Edward R. Crosby Rebecca Hankins Kent State University University of Arizona Library George Sefa Dei Deonte Hollowell Ontario Institute for Studies in Temple University Education, University of Toronto Kristy Holmes Robert Douglas Temple University Louisville University Thomas Houessou-Adin Nah Dove University of Toledo University of Ghana Rosalyn Howard Zetla K. Elvi University of Central Florida Temple University Regina Jennings Andrew Michael Fearnley Rutgers University University of Cambridge Christopher K. Johnson Ana Monteiro Ferreira Temple University Universidade Aberta, Lisboa Ilona V. Johnson Rita S. Fierro Penn State University Temple University Zainabu Jones Tiffeni Fontno Temple University Temple University Myra Julian Kiera Hope Foster Temple University Temple University Maulana Karenga Aisha Francis California State University, Long Beach Tiamoyo Karenga Justin Gammage California State University, Long Beach Temple University Maghan Keita Mohamed Garba Villanova University Abdou Moumouni University of Niamey Fikru Gebrekidan Leophus S. Tarharka King St. Thomas University Millersville University Geoffrey “Jahwara” Giddings William M. King Antioch College University of Colorado at Boulder Aimee Glocke Jill Kissick Temple University Temple University Lewis R. Gordon Kwasi Konadu Akan Institute Mekada Graham Deborah LaNier California State University, Fresno Temple University FM-Asante.qxd 11/2/2004 6:22 PM Page xvii

Contributors———xvii

Cynthia Lehman Levi A. Nwachuku University of Maryland at Eastern Shore Lincoln University of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Natalie Lewis Temple University Imari A. Obadele Prairie View A and M University William Little José-Vittorio Pimienta-Bey California State University, Dominguez Hills Berea College Garvey F. Lundy Daryl Zizwe Poe University of Pennsylvania Lincoln University of the Tony Martin Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Darrianna M. Proctor Temple University Ama Mazama Temple University Reiland Rabaka California State University, Long Beach Charlton D. McIlwain New York University Sudhi Rajiv Jai Narayan Vyas University, Jodhpur Bart McSwine Pamela Yaa Asantewaa Reed Chicago State University College of New Rochelle Judylynn Mitchell Patricia Reid-Merritt West Salisbury Elementary School in Maryland Richard Stockton College Miriam Ma’at-Ka-Re Monges Rico X California State University, Chico Temple University Del-Zola Moore Michelle Rief Temple University College of Manhattan Clyde Alafiju Morgan Gloria Grant Roberson State University of New York College Adelphi University at Brockport Mario Root Suzuko Morikawa Bishop Dunn Catholic School in Dallas Chicago State University William R. Scott Christopher Murray Lehigh University Temple University Jorge Serrano Gwinyai Muzorewa Temple University Temple University Thysha M. Shabazz H. V. Nelson Temple University University of California, Los Angeles Mwalimu J. Shujaa Mutombo Nkulu-N’Sengha Fort Valley State University California State University, Northridge Mawusi Renee Simmons Vera DeMoultrie Nobles Temple University San Francisco State University Mark Solomon Wade W. Nobles (Nana Kwaku Boston College Berko I, Ifagbemi Sangodare) Catherine Squires San Francisco State University University of Michigan FM-Asante.qxd 11/2/2004 6:22 PM Page xviii

xviii———Encyclopedia of Black Studies

Robert Ssengonzi Selase N. Williams Research Triangle Institute California State University, Dominguez Hills Ronald J. Stephens York Williams Grand Valley State University Temple University Douglas E. Thomas A. J. Williams-Myers Adelphi University State University of New York at New Paltz Griselda Thomas Khonsura J. Wilson Temple University Temple University Ivory Achebe Toldson Raymond A. Winbush Southern University Morgan State University Wendy Carmen Trott Gail Hilson Woldu Delaware Technical College, Wilmington Trinity College Winston A. Van Horne Tyrene Wright University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee City University of New York Kheli R. Willetts Stephanie Yarbough Syracuse University Temple University