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PDF David Lloyd George David Lloyd George Roedd David Lloyd George, Iarll 1af Lloyd George o Ddwyfor (17 Ionawr 1863 – 26 Mawrth 1945), a adnabyddid fel y 'Dewin Cymreig', yn wleidydd ac David Lloyd George yn Brif Weinidog ar y Deyrnas Unedig rhwng Rhagfyr 1916 a Hydref 1922. Hyd yma, ef yw'r unig Gymro i ddal y swydd; y Gymraeg oedd ei famiaith.[1] Caiff ei gydnabod fel pensaer y wladwriaeth les[2]. Ef oedd prif weinidog Rhyddfrydol diwethaf y Deyrnas Unedig. Ym mlwyddyn olaf ei oes cafodd ei ddyrchafu'n iarll gan y brenin Siôr VI. Yn Chorlton-on-Medlock, Manceinion, Lloegr, y cafodd ei eni. Treuliodd ei blentyndod ym mhentref Llanystumdwy, Eifionydd, o 1864 hyd 1880, lle cafodd ei fagu ar aelwyd Gymraeg gan ei fam weddw a'i ewythr Richard Lloyd. Daeth yn gyfreithiwr gyda phractis yn Nghricieth erbyn 1885. David Lloyd George yw’r gwladweinydd rhyngwladol mwyaf a gynhyrchodd Cymru erioed. Bu ei ddylanwad yn drwm ar wleidyddiaeth, nid yn unig yng Nghymru a Phrydain, ond hefyd yn Ewrop, yn enwedig yn ei rôl fel un o’r ‘Tri Mawr’ a fu’n gyfrifol am lunio Cytundeb Versailles wedi’r Rhyfel Byd Cyntaf. Bu'n aelod seneddol Rhydfrydol am hanner can mlynedd, gan wasanaethu mewn llywodraeth fel Llywydd y Bwrdd Masnach (1905-08), Canghellor y Prif Weinidog y Deyrnas Unedig Trysorlys (1908-15), Gweinidog Arfau (1915-16) a Gweinidog Rhyfel (1916). Cyfnod yn y swydd Ym mis Rhagfyr 1916 daeth yn Brif Weinidog ar ganol y Rhyfel Byd Cyntaf 7 Rhagfyr 1916 – 22 Hydref 1922 yn dilyn ymddiswyddiad Herbert Asquith.[3][4] Rhagflaenydd Herbert Henry Asquith Roedd yn un o Brif Weinidogion mwyaf amlwg Prydain yn ystod yr ugeinfed Olynydd Andrew Bonar Law ganrif, ac arweiniodd y wlad drwy gyfnod argyfyngus yn ei hanes yn ystod y Rhyfel Byd Cyntaf.[5] Roedd yn adnabyddus am ei sgiliau fel arweinydd ac fel Canghellor y Trysorlys siaradwr effeithiol a huawdl. Medrai ennill cefnogaeth a brwdfrydedd gwahanol gynulleidfaoedd ar draws y deyrnas ar gyfer gwahanol ymgyrchoedd Cyfnod yn y swydd ac achosion. Er ei fod yn erbyn mynd i ryfel ar y dechrau yn 1914, erbyn 1918 12 Ebrill 1908 – 25 Mai 1915 roedd yn cael ei ddisgrifio ym Mhrydain fel "Y Dewin Cymreig" a'r ‘y dyn a Rhagflaenydd Herbert Henry Asquith wnaeth ennill y rhyfel’.[6] Mae’n cael ei gofio hyd heddiw hefyd am ei ddefnydd o filwyr Prydeinig yn Iwerddon ac am fod yn brif negodydd Olynydd Herbert Henry Asquith Cytundeb Eingl-Wyddelig a sefydlodd Wladwriaeth Rydd Iwerddon, ond drwy wneud hynny rhannwyd yr ynys yn ddwy. Geni 17 Ionawr 1863 Chorlton-on-Medlock, Manceinion, Lloegr Marw 26 Mawrth 1945 (82 oed) Cynnwys Llanystumdwy, Cymru Etholaeth Bwrdeistrefi Caernarfon Teulu a bywyd cynnar Plaid wleidyddol Rhyddfrydol Gyrfa Y Blaid Ryddfrydol Adnoddau Dysgu Gweinidog Arfau Gweinidog Rhyfel a Phrif Weinidog Rhestr o adnoddau dysgu ar gyfer y Corfflu’r Fyddin Gymreig pwnc yma Cytundeb Versailles 1919 Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru Cyfarfod Hitler yn Berchesgaten Yr Ail Ryfel Byd (https://www.llyfrgel Marwolaeth l.cymru/gwasanaethau/addysg/adnod dau-dysgu/yr-ail-ryfel-byd/) Y cyfnod diweddar HWB Oriel David Lloyd George (https://hwb.gov. Ffilmiau a llyfrau wales/storage/d5f50c56-99bf-4d2f-a5f Cyfeiriadau Dolenni allanol 1-0f45a5ff4399/ca3_lloydgeorge_nodi adau.pdf) Teulu a bywyd cynnar Cytundeb Versailles (https://hwb. gov.wales/repository/resource/a9 Ganwyd Lloyd George yn Chorlton-on-Medlock, Manceinion, Lloegr ar 17 Ionawr, 997049-967e-4016-a01f-86f8bc41a 1863. Ei dad oedd William George o Drefwrdan, Sir Benfro a’i fam oedd Elizabeth e18/cy) Lloyd o Lanystumdwy, Gwynedd. Cyfarfu’r ddau pan oedd William George yn dysgu Corfflu'r Fyddin Gymreig - Tasg yn Ysgol Troed-yr-allt, Pwllheli ac wedyn symudodd y teulu i Fanceinion lle ganwyd Rhifedd (https://hwb.gov.wales/s David Lloyd George. Cyn diwedd y flwyddyn symudodd y teulu yn ôl i Sir Benfro i earch?query=Corfflu%27r%20Fy gadw tyddyn. Nid oedd William George yn ddyn iach yn gorfforol ac roedd yn cael ei ddin%20Gymreig&strict=true&po flino gan iselder ysbryd. Ym Mehefin 1864 bu farw William George ac o fewn pedwar pupUri=%2FResource%2F7abd68 mis symudodd Elizabeth, ei weddw, a’i phlant, Ellen a David, yn ôl i Lanystumdwy i e8-13b9-446d-9774-c868c7054e9 fyw at Richard, ei brawd. Ymhen ychydig fisoedd ganwyd plentyn arall iddi a enwyd 7) yn William ar ôl ei dad. Adolygwyd testun yr erthygl hon gan Felly er mai yn Lloegr y ganwyd ef, Llanystumdwy yn Eifionydd fu ei ‘gartref’ erioed. Dyma fro mebyd ei fam ac yma y bu’n byw tan roedd yn ddwy ar bymtheg. Bu brawd arbenigwyr pwnc ac mae'n addas i'w ei fam, Richard Lloyd (Uncle Lloyd) yn ddylanwad mawr ar y David Lloyd George ddefnyddio mewn addysg ifanc. Mewn gwirionedd roedd yn athro ac arweinydd i’w nai hyd 1917, pan fu farw yn ei wythdegau. Gweithiai fel crydd. Roedd yn Rhyddfrydwr cryf o ran ei wleidyddiaeth ac yn gapelwr cadarn ei argyhoeddiad.[7] Priododd ei wraig gyntaf, Margaret Owen, merch fferm leol, ar Ionawr 24, 1888 a chawsant pump o blant: Richard (1889), Mair (1890, bu farw yn 1907), Olwen (1892), Gwilym (1894) a Megan (1902). Bu farw’r Fonesig Margaret yn 1941 ac yn 1943 ail-briododd Lloyd George. Ei ail wraig oedd Frances Stevenson ac ym Medi 1944 ymgartrefodd y ddau yn Tŷ Newydd, Llanystumdwy. Ar Ionawr 1af 1945 cafodd ei ddyrchafu yn Iarll Lloyd George o Ddwyfor. Bu farw ar Mawrth 26, 1945 yng Nghricieth yn 82 oed, ac fe’i claddwyd ar lan afon Dwyfor yn Llanystumdwy.[8][9] Gyrfa Wedi iddo lwyddo yn arholiadau rhagbaratoawl Cymdeithas y Gyfraith cafodd waith fel prentis-gyfreithiwr yn swyddfa Breese, Jones a Casson ym Mhorthmadog yn 1878. Yn dilyn anghydweld yn y swyddfa ym Mhorthmadog sefydlodd ei fusnes ei hun yng Nghricieth yn 1885. Yn ystod y cyfnod hwn hefyd roedd yn dangos diddordeb mewn gwleidyddiaeth ac roedd ganddo syniadau radicalaidd. Cymerodd ran flaenllaw yn yr etholiad cyffredinol yn etholaeth Meirionnydd yn 1885. David Lloyd George tua 1890. Gan Dangosodd ei fod yn ddyn radical ei ddaliadau yn achos mynwent Llanfrothen, lle dadleuodd John Thomas bod yr un hawliau gan Anghydffurfwyr i gael eu claddu ym mynwent Eglwys y plwyf ag oedd gan Eglwyswyr. Rhoddodd yr achos lwyfan cyhoeddus i Lloyd George gael ei weld fel amddiffynnwr hawliau anghydffurfiol. Aeth yr achos i’r Llys Apêl yn Llundain, a gyda’r fath sylw llwyddodd i gael ei enwebu fel ymgeisydd y Blaid Ryddfrydol yn etholaeth Bwrdeisdrefi Caernarfon. Daeth yn adnabyddus am lefaru ac amddiffyn achosion radicalaidd dro ar ôl tro. Etholwyd ef yn Aelod Seneddol Caernarfon ar 10 Ebrill, 1890. Hon oedd ei fuddugoliaeth gyntaf mewn cyfres o bedwar ar ddeg o etholiadau a frwydrodd rhwng 1880 a 1945.[10] Yn y 1890au, gyda mudiad gwladgarol Cymru Fydd ar ei anterth, defnyddiodd ei safle fel Aelod Seneddol i ddadlau'n frwd yn Senedd San Steffan dros achosion fel Datgysylltu'r Eglwys Anglicanaidd yng Nghymru a hunanlywodraeth ("Home Rule" neu "Ymraeolaeth") i Gymru, yr Alban ac Iwerddon. Ond daeth trai ar ffawd Cymru Fydd a throdd Lloyd George fwyfwy at wleidyddiaeth Brydeinig, gan godi yn rhengoedd y Blaid Ryddfrydol. Gwrthwynebodd y rhyfel gwladychol yn Ne Affrica a adnabyddir fel Rhyfel y Boer ac am gyfnod bu'n amhoblogaidd yn Lloegr, ond ni chollodd ei gefnogaeth frwd yng Nghymru, yn enwedig am iddo aros yn gefnogol I’r ymgyrch i Ddatgysylltu'r Eglwys.[11] Y Blaid Ryddfrydol Roedd David Lloyd George yn aelod o Gabinet y Llywodraeth Ryddfrydol a ddaeth i rym wedi Etholiad Cyffredinol 1906. Roedd wedi ei benodi yn Llywydd y Bwrdd Masnach flwyddyn ynghynt, ac yn 1908 penodwyd ef yn Ganghellor y Trysorlys gan Herbert Asquith, y Prif Weinidog. Un o’r pethau cyntaf a wnaeth Lloyd George fel Canghellor y Trysorlys oedd ceisio gwarchod pobl llai ffodus, fel pobl dlawd, pobl anabl, plant a’r henoed. Dyma pam y vyflwynodd ‘Gyllideb y Bobl’ yn 1909. Roedd hon yn gyllideb a oedd yn datgan rhyfel yn erbyn tlodi ymhlith y grwpiau mwyaf anghenus yn y gymdeithas. Byddai’n codi trethi’r dosbarth uwch er mwyn ariannu’r gyllideb. Dyma’r gyllideb a ddefnyddiodd i gyflwyno pensiwn i'r henoed ac yswiriant iechyd cenedlaethol. Yn 1911 cyflwynodd y Mesur Yswiriant Cenedlaethol a fyddai’n golygu bod y llywodraeth, cyflogwyr a gweithwyr yn talu tuag at gynlluniau yswiriant iechyd a diweithdra.[12][13] Ac yntau'n aelod pwysig o’r llywodraeth ac wedyn yn Brif Weinidog, roedd Lloyd George yn darged cyson ar gyfer protestiadau'r Swffragetiaid a alwai am bleidlais i ferched. Gwaeddodd Swffragetiaid ar draws ei areithiau yn yr Eisteddfod Genedlaethol ac ym Mhafiliwn Caernarfon, lle cafodd y protestwyr (yn ddynion a merched) eu curo gan y dorf. Ym 1912 cafwyd protest enwocaf y Swffragetiaid yng Nghymru pan ddychwelodd Lloyd George i’w bentref genedigol Llanystumdwy i agor neuadd newydd y pentref. Gwaeddodd y Swffragetiaid ar draws ei araith. Cafodd y merched eu llusgo o’r neuadd yn filain iawn a'u curo. Tynnwyd dillad un o’r merched a bu bron i un arall gael ei thaflu ar y creigiau oddi ar bont Afon Dwyfor gerllaw.[14] David Lloyd George a Pan ddechreuoddy Rhyfel Byd Cyntaf yn 1914 petrusodd Lloyd George cyn ei chefnogi, ond Winston Churchill yn 1907 unwaith iddo benderfynu ei bod yn rhyfel angenrheidiol bu'n gefnogwr brwd: mae rhai haneswyr yn gweld hyn fel y cyfnod y bradychodd Lloyd George ei egwyddorion drwy gefnogi rhyfel imperialaidd a rhoi pellter mawr rhyngddo a'r syniad o gael hunanlywodraeth i Gymru. Yn 1915 penodwyd ef yn Weinidog Arfau o 1915 hyd 1916 ac yn Rhagfyr 1916 daeth yn Brif Weinidog gyda phwerau eang iawn am ei bod yn adeg rhyfel.
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