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Crystal Springs Master Plan Volume 2

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Crystal Springs Master Plan Volume 2 This page is intentionally blank. Shoshone ‐ Bannock Tribes APPENDICES Appendix A Draft Hatchery and Genetic Management Plan: Yankee Fork Salmon Supplementation Program Appendix B Draft Hatchery and Genetic Management Plan: Panther Creek Spring Chinook Salmon Program Appendix C Draft Hatchery and Genetic Management Plan: Upper Snake River Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout Program Appendix D Bioprogramming Reports and Hatchery Operations Schedule Technical Memo: Biological Criteria for Spring Chinook Technical Memo: Biological Criteria for Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout Appendix E Crystal Springs Hatchery Site Water Supply Report Appendix F Memorandum of Agreement between Shoshone‐Bannock Tribes, BPA, Corps of Engineers and Bureau of Reclamation Appendix G Preliminary Design Drawings Crystal Springs Design Drawings Yankee Fork Design Drawings Appendix H Detailed Program Cost Estimates Appendix I Letter of Support This page is intentionally blank. Shoshone ‐ Bannock Tribes Appendix A Draft Hatchery and Genetic Management Plan: Yankee Fork Salmon Supplementation Program This page is intentionally blank. HATCHERY AND GENETIC MANAGEMENT PLAN (HGMP) Hatchery Program: Yankee Fork Chinook Salmon Supplementation Project Species or Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) Hatchery Stock: Agency/Operator: Shoshone-Bannock Tribes Watershed and Region: Yankee Fork Salmon River, Idaho Date Submitted: Date Last Updated: February 11, 2011 Yankee Fork Chinook Salmon HGMP / Draft 2/9/2011 Page 1 This page is intentionally blank. Page 2 Yankee Fork Chinook Salmon HGMP / Draft 2/9/2011 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Historically, the Shoshone and Bannock peoples harvested salmon throughout the Columbia River Basin for subsistence. Annual salmon and steelhead runs in what are now Oregon, Washington, Idaho and Nevada provided harvest opportunities throughout the year. The Shoshone-Bannock Tribes continue to harvest anadromous fish under rights reserved by the Fort Bridger Treaty of 1868. Fishing opportunities for the Tribes have been severely constrained by depressed runs of salmon caused in large part by the detrimental effects of hydroelectric development and early overfishing in the lower Columbia River. Current salmon abundance in the Upper Salmon River basin is estimated at about 0.5% of historical runs. Recent harvest opportunities for Tribal members have only provided half a pound of salmon per tribal member compared to historical use of about 700 pounds per person. The Shoshone/Bannock Tribes therefore, seek to restore fishing opportunities for their peoples through Chinook salmon management programs in the Yankee Fork Salmon River and in Panther Creek. Restoration of these ceremonial and subsistence fisheries would be accomplished in a manner compatible with recovery and long- term sustainability of Chinook salmon in the upper Salmon River basin. The Chinook programs proposed are designed to focus the Tribes’ primary Chinook harvest in Yankee Fork and Panther Creek. These locations and populations have been identified by the Interior Columbia Technical Review Team (ICTRT), the Hatchery Scientific Review Group (HSRG), NOAA-Fisheries and fishery co-managers as a low priority for recovery and sustainability of the Snake River Spring/Summer Chinook ESU. By focusing hatchery and harvest effects within these two watersheds, traditional Tribal fisheries and fishing methods could be restored while at the same time, contributions could be made to recovery by establishing locally adapted hatchery and natural spawning populations of Chinook salmon in watersheds not currently priority targets for species recovery. In developing these management programs, the Tribes have adopted three objectives: • Conservation Objective: Contribute to recovery of Snake River Spring/Summer Chinook ESU by restoring populations of local spring/summer Chinook in Yankee Fork and Panther Creek. • Harvest Objective: Achieve a tribal harvest of about 1,000 spring/summer Chinook from Yankee Fork and 800 Chinook from Panther Creek. • Cultural Objective: Ensure that Shoshone - Bannock peoples can harvest salmon in Yankee Fork and Panther Creek by their traditional hunting methods as well as contemporary methods. The Tribes will continue working to improve habitat conditions in watersheds throughout the upper Salmon River basin and to advocate passage improvements at hydroelectric dams to improve productivity of Chinook populations in the headwaters. In the long term, the ongoing and proposed tribal and co-manager monitoring programs will allow the Shoshone-Bannock Tribes to adapt their management plans to provide greater conservation benefits should other Yankee Fork Chinook Salmon HGMP / Draft 2/9/2011 Page 3 populations in the MPG fail to achieve their recovery goals, and ecosystem and biological conditions allow. Yankee Fork Program Component Yankee Fork spring/summer Chinook are at an extremely high risk of extinction, prompting the Shoshone-Bannock Tribes to undertake a multi-phase program to restore the population and provide harvest opportunities for Tribal members. The Tribes have three primary objectives for this program identified in Section 2.1. A three-phase program is proposed to meet these objectives, integral to which is construction of the Crystal Springs Hatchery to provide the needed production capacity. In the first (and ongoing) phase, colonization, up to 1,500 surplus adults and 200,000 smolts from Sawtooth Hatchery will be released annually. When these Chinook return as adults, a percent will be collected as broodstock for rearing at the Crystal Springs. Phase 2, local adaptation, will be triggered when approximately 1,000 Chinook return to the Yankee Fork, the estimated population level needed to meet broodstock and natural escapement goals. Use of Sawtooth fish will be eliminated in Phase 2. Tribal harvest in the Yankee Fork will be 1 to 8 percent when runs are less than 500 adults; harvest in excess of that may occur when both broodstock and natural escapement goals are met. If natural productivity rates reach sufficient levels, Phase 3, integrated harvest program, may be implemented if established triggers are met. The program will be transitioned into an integrated harvest program following the guidelines of the HSRG (2009). Panther Creek Program Component The spring/summer Chinook program proposed for Panther Creek will recolonize habitat that was severely compromised by mining activities in the subbasin. Over the last decade, significant habitat restoration activities have resulted in documented observations of stray Chinook and various other aquatic species in Panther Creek, signaling the timeliness of the Tribes’ proposed program. Three objectives have been identified by the Tribes for Panther Creek that are described in Section 2.1 above. Achieving these objectives will be two-phased and will require new facilities. The proposed Crystal Springs Hatchery will produce 400,000 Chinook smolts for reintroduction into Panther Creek. Broodstock for this program will be collected at a new weir (location to be determined) and holding pond (the Blackbird Pond), held and spawned, and the eggs transported to Crystal Springs. Phase 1 of the program, recolonization, will begin by releasing 1,500 surplus hatchery adults (when available) to spawn in Panther Creek. As their progeny return and become adapted to this watershed, a portion of the adults will be collected, spawned, reared at Crystal Springs (Phase 2), and then released back into Panther Creek to resume a natural life cycle. All other adult and juvenile releases from non-local stocks will cease. When sufficient numbers of Chinook return to achieve broodstock and natural escapement goals, a Tribal harvest will be permitted. The Tribal harvest objective is to harvest 800 Chinook annually. The success of the Yankee Fork and Panther Creek Chinook programs in achieving conservation, harvest and cultural objectives will be quantified by implementing a monitoring and evaluation program which is described in concept in the Crystal Springs Master Plan Page 4 Yankee Fork Chinook Salmon HGMP / Draft 2/9/2011 SECTION 1. GENERAL PROGRAM DESCRIPTION 1.1 NAME OF HATCHERY OR PROGRAM. Hatchery: Sawtooth Fish Hatchery (egg incubation and juvenile rearing) Yankee Fork Salmon River Pole Flat Weir (adult trapping) East Fork Salmon River Satellite Facility (current adult holding and spawning) Yankee Fork Adult/Juvenile Holding Facility (proposed adult holding, spawning and juvenile stress relief site) Crystal Springs Fish Hatchery (egg incubation and juvenile rearing) Program: Yankee Fork Chinook Salmon Supplementation (YFCSS) Project 1.2 SPECIES AND POPULATION (OR STOCK) UNDER PROPAGATION, AND ESA STATUS. Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) native to the Yankee Fork Salmon River will be supplemented with hatchery Chinook salmon returning to the Sawtooth Fish Hatchery. Yankee Fork Chinook salmon are ESA-listed as threatened (57 FR 14653) and part of the Snake River spring/summer Chinook salmon Evolutionarily Significant Unit (ESU) (Figure 1). Hatchery fish returning to Sawtooth are ESA-listed as threatened and part of the Upper Salmon River Chinook salmon distinct population segment, which is also part of the ESU. However, Sawtooth Hatchery Chinook salmon are surplus to recovery. Yankee Fork Chinook Salmon HGMP / Draft 2/9/2011 Page 5 Figure 1. Upper Salmon River Chinook MGP (HSRG 2009). 1.3 RESPONSIBLE ORGANIZATION AND INDIVIDUALS Lead Contact Name (and title): Lytle P. Denny, Anadromous Fish Manager Agency or Tribe: Shoshone-Bannock
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