School of Architecture (with emphasis on )

5.1 Do you know

Description Image Source

The name ‘Hampi’ is derived from the word ‘Hampe’- a disambiguation of Pampa, another name of river Tungabhadra on whose banks Hampi is located.

Vijayanagara (Hampi) was also known as Vidyanagara in honor of Seer Vidyaranya Maha Mandapa in Vitthala temple has musical pillars, which when tapped delicately, create melodic sound.

These pillars are also known locally as SaReGaMa pillars.

Anjanadri Parvatha in Hampi is considered one of the probable locations of birthplace of Lord Hanuman.

Although the initial Vijayanagara kings were Shaivites, the emblem of has Lord Vishnu shown in Varaha (boar) avatar.

The Vijayanagara Empire was ruled by four dynasties- , , and the .

5.2 Timeline

Year in CE Event Notes

1336 Foundation of Vijayanagara Kingdom By brothers & Bukka

1340 Bukka conquered Penukonda Penukonda later became the second capital of Vijayanagara Empire

1346 Bukka conquered Hoysala kingdom Soon after the death of Hoysala king Veera Ballala III

1360 Tamil areas captured

1386 Construction of Ganagitti Jain Temple Constructed by Iruga- a

minister of Bukka Raya II

1398 Vijayanagara invaded by Bahamani forces

1406 Accession of I

1424 Accession of Deva Raya II

Some time Construction of Virupaksha temple’s Raya Built by Proluganti Tippa, a between 1524 Gopuram minister of Deva Raya II to 46

1443 Deva Raya II invaded Bahamani kingdom

1509 Accession of Krishnadeva Raya

1509 Krishnadeva Raya defeated Bahamanis

Construction of inner Gopuram of Virupaksha Built by Krishnadeva Raya to Temple celebrate his accession.

1512 & 13 and Udaigiri forts captured

1513 Construction of Krishna Temple Constructed by Krishnadeva Raya to celebrate victory over Gajapathis of Orissa

1513 Construction of Mahanavami Dibba Constructed by Krishnadeva Raya to celebrate victory over Gajapathis of Orissa

1513 Construction of Hazar Rama temple Private temple for royals.

1513 Construction of Vitthala Temple started Construction continued by Achyuta Raya but was never completed

1520 Krishnadeva Raya defeated kindom

1528 Ugra Narasimha Temple- Commissioned By Krishnadeva Raya

1529 Accession of Achyuta Raya

1534 or 39 Construction of Achyutaraya Temple

1540 Construction of Pattabhi Rama Temple Constructed by one of Acyutaraya’s queens

1544 Joint rule of Sadashiva and Ramaraya

1565 Battle of Talikota, Fall of Vijayanagara

5.3 Web links

Web links http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/241 http://www.vijayanagara.org http://www.hampionline.com/ http://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/cultural-history-vijaynagar-empire-architecture- literature-and-art-1492780525-1

Various articles on Shodhganga.com https://archive.org/details/aforgottenempir00paesgoog www.academia.com for research papers

5.4 Bibliography

Bibliography

Sir Banister Fletcher , A History of Architecture

Percy Brown , Indian Architecture (Buddhist and Hindu period)

Edith Tomory , A History of Fine Arts in India and the West

Krishnaswamy Aiyangar . S, Vijayanagara History and Legacy

John M. Fritz and George Mitchell, Hampi

Fergusson . J, History of Indian and Eastern Architecture