Illustrations

1. Signboards at a housing complex in post-Suharto 32 2. Vendors on sidewalk 34 3. Vendors’ pushcarts parked at the National Monument 39 4. The Jakarta Historical Corridor 44 5. The exclusive busway lane 50 6. The busway route along Jalan Protokol 60 7. The bridge to the busway shelter on Jalan Sudirman 62 8. Interior of a busway shelter 64 9. Interior of Tanjung Duren House 77 10. Rental housing design for the urban poor 79 11. Model of Epicentrum, the largest superblock in the golden triangle of Jakarta 82 12. Senayan City Mall 85 13. Artist’s impression of the Archipelago 89 14. Grand Indonesia under construction 93 15. Artist’s rendering of the new Glodok Plaza 107 16. The new Pasar Glodok 109 17. Commemorators carrying photos of the May riots in front of the new Pasar Glodok 111 18. Candra Naya, a house built in an Indo-Chinese architectural style 113 19. Scene from the illustrated story Jakarta 2039 118 20. Damaged shops in Glodok 123 21. The regent’s house in Tjianjur, 1874 132 22. The return of the Empire Style: A house in North Jakarta 135 23. The rectorate tower of the University of Indonesia 139 24. Institute of Technology, designed by Henri Maclaine Pont 140 25. ’s main street, designed by Ir. Th. Van Oyen in the 1930s 143 26. Older building contrasted with a new office, designed by Liem Bwan Tjie, 1930 144 27. Sketch by Budi Lim for the Bank Universal Wahid Hasyim Branch, 146 28. Bank Universal Wahid Hasyim Branch, Semarang, 1991 148 29. Advertisement, 1924 164 30. The susuhunan of Solo and a Dutch resident of Solo, emerging from the traditional pendhopo sustained by Greek columns 167 31. Advertisement for a chain of pharmacy stores, circa 1920s 175 32. Sociëteitsbrug in Semarang, 1920 187 33. Sociëteitsbrug in Semarang, 1937 187 34. A central “disciplined” market in a city of , 1937 191 35. The modelkampung , designed by Tillema 194 36. Koningsplein plan, 1937 196 37. Map of a regency 198 38. Housing in a new town, circa 1990s 200 39. Kudus Tower, with a tiered roof in Hindu-Javanese style, from the seventeenth century, 210 40. The initial design of the mosque of Universitas Nasional, 1988 210 41. The revised design of the mosque of Universitas Nasional, 1988 211 42. Demak Mosque, fifteenth century, Central Java 213 43. The standardized mosque promoted by President Suharto, circa 1980s 217 44. Istiqal Mosque, Jakarta, circa 1960s 219 45. A gardu at the entrance to a kampung in Surabaya, circa 1920s 224 46. A posko of PDI-P at Tubagus Angke Street 227 47. A posko of PDI-P at Surabaya Street with a painting of Sukarno on the door 229 48. A posko of PDI-P at Wijaya Street located above the alleyway to a kampung 231

 Illustrations 49. Billboard displayed in Jakarta by the Department of Education 236 49a. Detail from upper left of billboard in fig. 49, showing a village gardu 236 50. The Bali-Sanur gardu for a gated community in Jakarta 239 51. Sketch of guards guarding the kraton (palace) of Yogya, circa 1771 242 52. Changing horses in a pendhopo guardhouse on the Great Post Road in Java, nineteenth century 245 53. Village plan, with a gardu only for the house of the notable 248 54. Village plan, with a gardu for the whole village 248 55. One of a series of gardus on the road to Batavia, before 1880 251 56. Night watch around a gardu during the Japanese occupation 264 57. Pemuda guarding the city 269 58. Troops departing from the gardu 271 59. The Parisian classical baroque gatehouse of Lippo Karawaci 274 60. Cartoon depicting men (only) chatting at a gardu 276

Illustrations i