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Environmental Quality: in Situ Air Sparging
EM 200-1-19 31 December 2013 Environmental Quality IN-SITU AIR SPARGING ENGINEER MANUAL AVAILABILITY Electronic copies of this and other U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) publications are available on the Internet at http://www.publications.usace.army.mil/ This site is the only repository for all official USACE regulations, circulars, manuals, and other documents originating from HQUSACE. Publications are provided in portable document format (PDF). This document is intended solely as guidance. The statutory provisions and promulgated regulations described in this document contain legally binding requirements. This document is not a legally enforceable regulation itself, nor does it alter or substitute for those legal provisions and regulations it describes. Thus, it does not impose any legally binding requirements. This guidance does not confer legal rights or impose legal obligations upon any member of the public. While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the discussion in this document, the obligations of the regulated community are determined by statutes, regulations, or other legally binding requirements. In the event of a conflict between the discussion in this document and any applicable statute or regulation, this document would not be controlling. This document may not apply to a particular situation based upon site- specific circumstances. USACE retains the discretion to adopt approaches on a case-by-case basis that differ from those described in this guidance where appropriate and legally consistent. This document may be revised periodically without public notice. DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY EM 200-1-19 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers CEMP-CE Washington, D.C. -
Evaluation of Energy Conservation Measures for Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Evaluation of Energy Conservation Measures for Wastewater Treatment Facilities EPA 832-R-10-005 SEPTEMBER 2010 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Wastewater Management 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW Washington, DC 20460 EPA 832‐R‐10‐005 September 2010 Cover photo: Bucklin Point WWTF, MA. Photo courtesy of Narragansett Bay Commission. Cover insert photos (left to right): High Speed Magnetic Bearing Turbo Blower at the De Pere WTF, WI. Photo courtesy of Green Bay Metropolitan Sewerage District. Oxidation Ditch with Aeration Rotor at the City of Bartlett WWTP #1, TN. Photo courtesy of City of Bartlett Wastewater Division. Variable Outlet Vane Diffuser. Photo courtesy of Turblex, Inc. Evaluation of Energy Conservation Measures ii September 2010 Preface The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is charged by Congress with protecting the nation’s land, air, and water resources. Under a mandate of environmental laws, the Agency strives to formulate and implement actions leading to a balance between human activities and the ability of ecosystems to support and sustain life. To meet this mandate, the Office of Wastewater Management (OWM) provides information and technical support to help solve environmental problems today and to build the knowledge base necessary to protect public health and the environment well into the future. This document was prepared under contract to EPA, by The Cadmus Group. The document provides information on current state‐of‐development as of the publication date; however, it is expected that this document will be revised periodically to reflect advances in this rapidly evolving area. Except as noted, information, interviews, and data development were conducted by the contractor. -
EEPO Presentation April 2015
Energy Efficiency and Process Optimization to Save Money April 28, 2015 April 29, 2015 City of Surprise Town of Gilbert 11401 N. 136th Avenue 900 E. Juniper Avenue Surprise, AZ 85379 Gilbert, AZ 85234 Preface • Welcome • Agenda • Speakers 2 Preface • Welcome • State of the Industry • Agenda • Synergies with Electric Utilities • Speakers • Energy Billing and Demand Management • Energy Management Opportunities • Energy Management Program Development 3 Preface • Welcome • Agenda 1400 E. Southern Avenue Suite 650 • Speakers Tempe, AZ 85282 (480) 436-7959 4 Preface WATER REUSE • Welcome Prov iding sustainable solutions using technology and processes to max imize w ater resources and reduce • Agenda energy footprint • Speakers 5 Speakers Eric Dole, PE Bryan Lisk, PE, CEM Doug Kobrick, PE Curt Courter, PE 6 Thank You! 7 Housekeeping • Please mute all phones • Refreshments • Restrooms • Q&A • PDHs 8 Energy Management “State of the Industry” Energy Management is more than “Energy Efficiency” Energy Recovery Demand Management Alternative Energy Energy Procurement Nutrient Recovery Process Optimization “Beyond the Plant Fence Line” • View energy in a broad context • More than plant optimization • Multiple synergies with other industries Goal of "Energy Neutrality” • Becoming a common goal in wastewater industry. • View Energy Neutrality as more than “no purchased power bill”. Focus on Resource Recovery • Electric Energy • Biofuels Biogas Utilization • Thermal Energy (Heat) • Kinetic Energy (Hydro Energy) • Nutrients Nutrient Recovery Renewable Energy -
A Review of Conversion Processes for Bioethanol Production with a Focus on Syngas Fermentation
Biofuel Research Journal 7 (2015) 268-280 Review Paper A review of conversion processes for bioethanol production with a focus on syngas fermentation Mamatha Devarapalli, Hasan K. Atiyeh* Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA. HIGHLIGHTS GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT Summary of biological processes to produce ethanol from food based feedstocks. Overview of fermentation processes for ethanol production from biomass. Process development and reactor design are critical for feasible syngas fermentation. ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: Bioethanol production from corn is a well-established technology. However, emphasis on exploring non-food based Received 25 May 2015 feedstocks is intensified due to dispute over utilization of food based feedstocks to generate bioethanol. Chemical and Received in revised form 27 July 2015 biological conversion technologies for non-food based biomass feedstocks to biofuels have been developed. First generation Accepted 27 July 2015 bioethanol was produced from sugar based feedstocks such as corn and sugar cane. Availability of alternative feedstocks such Available online 1 September 2015 as lignocellulosic and algal biomass and technology advancement led to the development of complex biological conversion processes, such as separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF), simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF), Keywords: simultaneo us saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF), consolidated bioprocessing (CBP), and syngas fermentation. SHF, Bioethanol SSF, SSCF, and CBP are direct fermentation processes in which biomass feedstocks are pretreated, hydrolyzed and then Conversion processes fermented into ethanol. Conversely, ethanol from syngas fermentation is an indirect fermentation that utilizes gaseous Syngas fermentation substrates (mixture of CO, CO2 and H2) made from industrial flue gases or gasification of biomass, coal or municipal solid waste. -
2010-2 Mukwonago January
n Was nsi tew co a is te r W W O W p . e O c r n a A I to , rs ion ’ Associat n Was nsi tew co a is te r W W O W p . e O c r n a A I to , rs ion ’ Associat n Was VOL. 184, FEBRUARY 2010 nsi tew co a is te r W W O W INSIDE THIS ISSUE p . e O c r n a A I • Feature treatment plant / Page 3 to , rs ion ’ Associat • Brain teasers / Page 21 • Annual Golf event announcement / Page 25 • Item for sale / Page 29 WISCONSIN WASTEWATER OPERATORS’ ASSOCIATION, INC. 2010 Annual Conference: Kalahari Resort, Wisconsin Dells October, 2010 Visit us Online: www.wwoa.org VOL. 184, FEBRUARY 2010 WISCONSIN WASTEWATER OPERATORS’ ASSOCIATION, INC. I know many of you serve your local communities in many President’s Message different ways beyond running the wastewater treatment I certainly hope that plant. You get involved in everything from snow plowing everyone had an enjoyable to garbage pick up to fire fighting to whatever else is tossed Holiday Season and was your way. Please remember to be safe when wearing these able to spend some quality many different hats you are requested to wear. I am sure time with family and most of you have heard about the explosion involving a friends. Reality seems to set dumpster fire not very far from the Green Bay area where in for me after the holidays one of the firefighters was fatally injured. I personally as the outside decorations know one of the persons involved in that tragedy and he get turned off (I personally was “lucky” to get out of there with only minor injuries, wait for warmer weather although the explosion did toss him around a bit. -
Carbon and Nutrient Balances in Microalgal Bioenergy System Eunyoung Lee University of South Florida, [email protected]
University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School June 2017 Carbon and Nutrient Balances in Microalgal Bioenergy System Eunyoung Lee University of South Florida, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the Environmental Engineering Commons, Oil, Gas, and Energy Commons, and the Sustainability Commons Scholar Commons Citation Lee, Eunyoung, "Carbon and Nutrient Balances in Microalgal Bioenergy System" (2017). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6885 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Carbon and Nutrient Balances in Microalgal Bioenergy System by Eunyoung Lee A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Engineering Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering College of Engineering University of South Florida Major Professor: Qiong Zhang, Ph.D. James R. Mihelcic, Ph.D. Sarina Ergas, Ph.D. Babu Joseph, Ph.D. John Jermier, Ph.D. Date of Approval: June 21, 2017 Keywords: Microalgae, Biofuel, Wastewater, Life cycle assessment, Kinetic model Copyright © 2017, Eunyoung Lee DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to my parents, Gunjung Lee and Yunja Jin, and my fiancé, Youngwoon Kim, for their tremendous love and supports throughout the years of my Ph.D. study. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. Qiong Zhang for her guidance, support, and mentorship throughout my time at USF. -
Evaluation of a Sequencing Batch Reactor Followed by Media Filtration for Organic and Nutrient Removal from Produced Water
EVALUATION OF A SEQUENCING BATCH REACTOR FOLLOWED BY MEDIA FILTRATION FOR ORGANIC AND NUTRIENT REMOVAL FROM PRODUCED WATER by Emily R. Nicholas A thesis submitted to the Faculty and the Board of Trustees of the Colorado School of Mines in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science (Civil and Environmental Engineering). Golden, Colorado Date ____________________________ Signed: ______________________________ Emily R. Nicholas Signed: ______________________________ Dr. Tzahi Y. Cath Thesis Advisor Golden, Colorado Date ____________________________ Signed: _______________________________ Dr. John McCray Professor and Head Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering ii ABSTRACT With technological advances such as hydraulic fracturing, the oil and gas industry now has access to petroleum reservoirs that were previously uneconomical to develop. Some of the reservoirs are located in areas that already have scarce water resources due to drought, climate change, or population. Oilfield operations introduce additional water stress and create a highly complex and variable waste stream called produced water. Produced water contains high concentrations of total dissolved solids (TDS), metals, organic matter, and in some cases naturally occurring radioactive material. In areas of high water stress, beneficial reuse of produced water needs to be considered. Sequencing batch reactors (SBR) have been used to facilitate biological organic and nutrient removal from domestic waste streams. Although the bacteria responsible for the treatment of domestic sources cannot tolerate the high TDS concentrations in produced water, the microorganisms native to produced water have the functional potential to treat produced water. In a bench scale bioreactor jar test using produced water from the Denver-Julesburg Basin, the produced water collected was determined to be nutrient limited with respect to phosphorus. -
A Pocket Guide to All-Electric Retrofits of Single-Family Homes
Sean Armstrong’s House in Arcata, CA The Heat Pump Store in Portland, Oregon Jon and Kelly’s Electrified Home in Cleveland, OH Darby Family Home, New York A Pocket Guide to All-Electric Retrofits of Single-Family Homes A Water Vapor Fireplace by Nero Fire Design A Big Chill Retro Induction Range A NeoCharge Smart Circuit Splitter February 2021 Contributing Authors Redwood Energy Sean Armstrong, Emily Higbee, Dylan Anderson Anissa Stull, Cassidy Fosdick, Cheyenna Burrows, Hannah Cantrell, Harlo Pippenger, Isabella Barrios Silva, Jade Dodley, Jason Chauvin, Jonathan Sander, Kathrine Sanguinetti, Rebecca Hueckel, Roger Hess, Lynn Brown, Nicholas Brandi, Richard Thompson III, Romero Perez, Wyatt Kozelka Menlo Spark Diane Bailey, Tom Kabat Thank you to: The many generous people discussed in the booklet who opened their homes up for public scrutiny, as well as: Li Ling Young of VEIC Rhys David of SMUD Nate Adams of Energy Smart Ohio Jonathan and Sarah Moscatello of The Heat Pump Store The Bay Area Air Quality Management for their contribution in support of this guide Erika Reinhardt Thank you for contributing images of your beautiful homes and projects! Barry Cinnamon, Diane Sweet of EmeraldECO, Dick Swanson, Eva Markiewicz and Spencer Ahrens, Indra Ghosh, Jeff and Debbie Byron, Mary Dateo, Pierre Delforge And thank you to those who reviewed and edited! Bruce Naegel, David Coale, David Moller, Edwin Orrett, Nick Carter, Reuben Veek, Robert Robey, Rob Koslowsky, Sara Zimmerman, Sean Denniston, Steve Pierce Contact This report was produced for Menlo Spark, a non-profit, Sean Armstrong, Redwood Energy community-based organization that unites businesses, residents, (707) 826-1450 and government partners to achieve a climate-neutral Menlo [email protected] Park by 2025. -
STAINLESS STEELS Cost-Efficient Materials for the Global Biofuels Industries by Kristina Osterman
Cost-efficient materials for the global biofuels industries STAINLESS STEELS Cost-Efficient Materials for the Global Biofuels Industries By Kristina Osterman Nickel Institute Technical Series No 10 090 1 STAINLESS STEELS COST-EFFICIENT MATERIALS FOR THE GLOBAL BIOFUELS INDUSTRIES The material presented in this publication has been prepared for the general information of the reader and should not be used or relied upon for specific applications without first securing competent advice. Nickel Institute, its members, staff, and consultants do not represent or warrant its suitability for any general or specific use and assume no liability or responsibility of any kind in connection with the information herein. Drawings and/or photographs of equipment, machinery, and products are for illustrative purposes only, and their inclusion does not constitute or imply any endorsement of the companies that manufacture or distribute them. Environmental Note: Stainless steels and nickel alloys offer important environmental benefits. Their durability ensures long life: replacement, and the resource demand that makes, is minimized as operating efficiencies are improved. At the end of the life of the structure, the nickel alloys are completely recyclable. Overall, stainless steels and nickel alloys are exceptional life cycle performers in both the environmental and economic senses. by Kristina Osterman Consultant to the Nickel Institute Cover Photo: Ethanol plant with corn field, Ontario, Canada. iStock photo © SimplyCreativePhotography STAINLESS STEELS -
Electrifying U.S. Industry: a Technology- and Process-Based Approach to Decarbonization
Electrifying U.S. Industry: A Technology- and Process-Based Approach to Decarbonization Ali Hasanbeigi, Ph.D. — Global Efficiency Intelligence Lynn A. Kirshbaum, Blaine Collison, and David Gardiner — David Gardiner & Associates January 2021 Thank You. Acknowledgments This report was made possible with support from the Energy Foundation. The authors would like to thank Sierra Martinez of the Energy Foundation, Harshvardhan Khutal of Global Efficiency Intelligence, Nicolette Santos of David Gardiner and Associates, Richard Stormont of Electroglass, Rebecca Dell of the ClimateWorks Foundation, Sara Baldwin and Prodipto Roy of Energy Innovation, Lingbo Kong of Shaanxi University of Science and Technology in China, Ed Rightor of the American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy, Colin McMillan of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, William Morrow of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Eric Masanet of the University of California – Santa Barbara, Kiran Thirumaran of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, John Kline of Kline Consulting, Marlene Arens of Fraunhofer Institute ISI, John Marano of JM Energy Consulting, Steve Skarda of Procter and Gamble, Dan Wilson and Peter Oven of Wilson Engineering, Winston Chen of Mars, Ramé Hemstreet of Kaiser Permanente, Joe Cresko of the U.S. Department of Energy, and Sean Drygas, Andrew Yang, and Suha Jethalal of Bullfrog Power for their valuable input to this study and/or their insightful comments on earlier versions of this document. Disclaimer Global Efficiency Intelligence, LLC and David Gardiner and Associates have provided the information in this publication for informational purposes only. Although great care has been taken to maintain the accuracy of information collected and presented, Global Efficiency Intelligence, LLC and David Gardiner and Associates do not make any express or implied warranty concerning such information. -
Fine Bubble Air Diffusers for Water Aeration, Oxidation & Mixing
Fine Bubble Air Diffusers for Water Aeration, Oxidation & Mixing Typical applications Key features • Industrial wastewater treatment • Semi-flexible, tubular construction • Activated sludge, wastewater • Self ballasted • Landfill leachate waste water • Available in 9 lengths from 0.3 - 3m. • Extended diffused aeration systems • Air handling capacity from 1 - 10m3/hr • Agricultural waste water • Less than 0.2 Bar (3 psi) pressure differential • Reduction of THMs by air stripping • Oxygen transfer efficiency up to 5 kg/kwhr • Oxidation of ferric, manganese and arsenic • Resistant to calcification • Destratification of lakes or reservoirs • Easy to clean and maintain • Wetland water treatment systems • Robust and long-lasting (typical lifespan in chemically aggressive landfill leachate plants is • Aquaculture for fish & shrimps more than 10 yrs) Air Diffusers : Simple, efficient and sustainable water treatment without chemicals About Dryden Aqua Founder of Dryden Aqua, Dr Howard Dryden is a marine biologist with a unique knowledge combination of biology, chemistry and technology. He is the inventor and developer of the activated, bio-resistant filter media AFM® as well as a range of niche products for use in the water treatment industry. Dryden Aqua was founded in 1980 primarily to serve the aquaculture industry. The company’s unique knowledge combination and detailed understanding of biological as well as physio-chemical processes has since enabled it to develop into other markets where sustainable water treatment processes can make a difference. Dryden Aqua provides innovative and simple, solutions for treatment of drinking water, food and beverage processing, industrial process water as well as municipal and industrial waste water worldwide. Dryden Aqua processes use nature rather than fighting against it! Comparative Advantages of Dryden Aqua Fine Bubble Air Diffusers Maintenance • Solid diffusers suffer from problems of blockage from carbonate and iron deposition and are therefore very difficult to clean and maintain. -
Pennsylvania Sewage Treatment Plants
Electric Use at Pennsylvania Sewage Treatment Plants March 2011 Table of Contents Page Number Introduction …………………………………………………………………..…... 3 WWTP Efficiency Baseline Calculator.......................................................... 6 Hydraulic & Organic Loading ………………………………………………….. 10 Aeration Systems …………………………………...……………………………13 Now What? The Next Steps.……………………………..………………..….. 17 Appendices Appendix A: Survey Data Appendix B: WWTP Energy Use Survey Appendix C: Manual WWTP Efficiency Baseline Calculator Appendix D: Resources Acknowledgements: Thanks to those who provided information for this report. 2 This report provides wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) operators and managers with the tools to evaluate and reduce electric consumption while improving operation and efficiency of treatment plants. Included are instructions to calculate and compare plant electric efficiency values as well as an overview of various attributes of Commonwealth WWTPs. The Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (Department) requested information from Pennsylvania WWTPs in conjunction with energy management training classes developed and presented by the Department. The WWTP Energy Use Survey form1 (Survey) was used to collect specific information such as treatment type and unit processes, design and actual loadings, effluent limits and electric use and costs. The fundamental objective of the data collection effort was to establish electric use benchmarks for WWTPs in Pennsylvania. An energy use benchmark is a valuable tool to track energy performance, target specific energy efficiency upgrades and evaluate the success of energy efficiency projects. Survey forms were received from 133 plants representing 12% of the approximate 1,123 municipal WWTPs in the state. WWTPs that returned the survey have a combined total of 635 MGD design flow and 445 MGD reported flow and total design organic loading of 1,004,448 lb/day BOD and reported total BOD loading of 512,344 lb/day.