E C O S

Representing ECOS in the Standardisation System

Your introductory guide Brussels, October 2018 © ECOS. All rights reserved

ECOS is co-funded by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA).

authors, and not the donors of the organisation. Contents

About ECOS 04 6 1 What is standardisation? Standards development process 12 05

Timeline scenarios for the development of 12 European standards 2 Your role as an ECOS representative 06 EN development stages – actions in detail 13 International standards development 15 process – actions in detail 3 ECOS in the standardisation system 07 7 Other standardisation deliverables 16 A flexible regulatory system supported 07 by standards Technical Specification 16 The European framework of standardisation 07 Technical Report 16 A standardisation system that 08 should be inclusive Workshop Agreements 16 17 ECOS role and rights in the ESS 08 Guides The CEN Environmental Framework 09 8 Annexes 18 4 The structure of a standard 10 Useful links 18 CEN Environmental Framework 18 Template for comments and 20 5 Training available to you 11 secretariat observations Glossary 21 What is standardisation? 1 About ECOS

Dear ECOS Representative,

Welcome to the ECOS network! Alongside us, you will help defend the environmental interests in the development of European and ECOS is a non-profit NGO founded in international standards and other standardisation deliverables. 2001, and represents environmental ECOS is a non-profit organisation founded in 2001 and represents interests in the development of environmental interests in the development of standards at European and international level. ECOS is the only environmental standards at European and international organisation in the world specialising in this field. level. ECOS is the only organisation in the Our mission is to influence the development of ambitious strategies to reduce and control sources of environmental pollution, and world specialising in this field. to promote resource and energy efficiency, environmental health and sustainable development. Our vision is a clean and healthy environment where people live in respect of the planet and its natural resources, preserving them for future generations.

ECOS represents nearly 50 national, European and international organisations. Our national members come from 23 European countries and North America; our pan-European members include the European Environmental Bureau, Friends of the Earth Europe, Transport & Environment and WWF-European Policy Office. All member organisations are NGOs working to promote and defend environmental interests in the development of policies and/or standards. A full list of our members can be found here.

ECOS is officially recognised, according to Regulation (EU) 1025/2012, as one of the “Annex III” organisations representing stakeholders which are generally underrepresented in the European Standardisation System, and whose participation shall be supported and facilitated especially at national level. ECOS has partnership agreements with the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA).

ECOS is a Partner Organisation of the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN) and the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation (CENELEC), and a full member of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). ECOS is also a liaison organisation to several technical bodies of the international standardisation organisations, ISO and IEC.

For a general overview of all topics ECOS works on, and our commitments for the year, please have a look at the ECOS Public Work Programme.

4 What is standardisation? 1

Standardisation is a market-driven, voluntary The standards ECOS contributes to are developed by process for agreeing definitions and setting technical the following standardisation organisations: specifications at national, European or international level. Subsequently, a standard is a document that European Standardisation Organisations (ESOs) provides rules, guidelines or characteristics for activities officially recognised by the EU for developing or their results, for common and repeated use . European standards (EN) under Regulation 1025/2012: • CEN – European Committee for Standardisation Standards are created by bringing together all • CENELEC – European Committee for interested parties such as industry, certification and Electrotechnical Standardisation testing bodies, consumer organisations, environmental • ETSI – European Telecommunications Standards NGOs and authorities. Types of standards include: Institute test and measurement standards, product standards, management standards and services standards. All International standardisation organisations: parties benefit from standardisation through increased • ISO – International Organisation for product safety and quality, environmental protection as Standardisation, the international counterpart of well as lower transaction costs and prices. CEN • IEC – International Electrotechnical Commission, Standards can be associated with European legislation the international counterpart of CENELEC and policies. For instance, standards are often used to support whole or parts of legislation and have a strong impact on their implementation. When standards are In the case of CEN and CENELEC, standards are referenced in the EU Official Journal, they provide developed according to the national delegation a presumption of conformity with the essential principle. This principle enables all interested parties requirements of the legislation they relate to. to participate in the creation of the standard at national level and in their own language. In practice, One of the fundamental principles of standardisation however, mainly big businesses are able to engage at is consensus. This means that standards are the result national level. Environmental NGOs, as well as other of a general agreement reached through a process that civil society organisations, are almost exclusively takes into account the views of all parties involved and represented by their federations at European level, resolves conflicting arguments. Consensus requires no namely ANEC, ECOS and ETUC1. In addition, only CEN sustained opposition from the parties involved. and CENELEC members, the national standardisation organisations, can vote on the adoption of a standard, or other standardisation deliverables.

When a European standard is adopted, it automatically becomes a national standard and all existing conflicting national standards are withdrawn.

To avoid duplicating standards at international and European levels, cooperation agreements were signed between CEN and ISO (Vienna Agreement), and CENELEC and IEC (Frankfurt Agreement, formerly Dresden Agreement).

1 Respectively representing European consumers, the environment, and the trade unions in Europe. 5 Your role as an ECOS representative 2

To effectively contribute to standardisation work ECOS can provide comments on standards and on highly technical issues, ECOS seeks the support other deliverables during specific stages of their of experts. This is where you play a role. ECOS development process, for example during the representatives have technical expertise on the work drafting and enquiry stages. ECOS can also express a item that a standardisation technical body is working on. “Favourable” or “Not Favourable” Opinion during the Public Enquiry and Formal Vote on standardisation Your role is to represent ECOS and its members deliverables. within the standardisation process. When you attend meetings, it is important that you register at the For each area of work, an “ECOS Task Force” composed meeting as ECOS (a requirement from our funders of ECOS staff, interested member organisations, as and auditors). You may be an independent expert, well as yourself and other ECOS representatives is consultant, academic, ECOS staff or ECOS member. established. This group will assist and support you and briefs you on policy priorities. The group works by The tasks you undertake as an ECOS representative e-mail and via telephone conferences. include: The ECOS staff member responsible for the subject Upon request by the Secretariat participate in the area oversees the official validation of the comments, meetings of the standardisation organisations’ reports and other contributions drafted by you before Technical Bodies such as Technical Committee they are circulated. (TC) (usually 1-2 per year) and/or Working Group (WG) (upon request by ECOS), ensuring adequate You must provide a full report to the ECOS staff preparation and follow-up. member for each attended meeting.

Work towards and ensuring the development of You may not carry out any activity (e.g. participation at standards of high environmental quality as much as meetings, submission of comments etc.) on behalf of possible through: ECOS if it has not been previously discussed and agreed • Assessing documents including draft standards on with the staff member in charge. and other deliverables (TR, TS, etc.); • Promoting the perspective of environmental NGOs; • Providing comments on technical and policy documents (such as EC requests to the standardisation organisations), ensuring the highest level of ambition with respect to environmental issues.

Provide a report to ECOS (using the template provided by the ECOS Secretariat) for approval after each meeting which includes: • The outcome of the meeting; • A summary of the technical discussions; • A list of the participants and their main positions; • A critical assessment of potential deadlocks and issues that might create problems; • A list of action points for ECOS, including proposals for next steps (e.g. need to contact certain people, make specific comments).

Build synergies with other experts, stakeholder E C O S groups and organisations to acquire information and to create alliances with likeminded E C O S stakeholders, including between meetings.

6 ECOS in the standardisation system 3

A flexible regulatory system Regulation 765/2008/EC which sets requirements for supported by standards accreditation and market surveillance relating to the marketing of products, and Decision 768/2008/EC For decades, standards were only developed and used providing a common framework for all future product by industry to make their products interoperable and harmonisation legislation. to facilitate trade. However, in 1985 the European Council introduced a new regulatory system, “The New hENs are however also used in legislation and policies Approach to technical harmonisation and standards”. beyond the Single Market and the New Approach, The New Approach was introduced to combat the vast in which case they don’t provide presumption of number of directives written with highly technical conformity but provide the market with clear guidance specifications, which was making the work of the and tools to implement existing legislation. Despite Member States increasingly difficult as the European their voluntary nature, hENs are the cheapest and Union was growing. Since the directives were required easiest way to comply for the industry. for very specific product groups, it hindered the adaption to commercial innovation in a timely manner. The European framework of

Compared to the “Old Approach”, the New Approach standardisation introduced a flexible regulatory framework to market The European institutions adopted Regulation (EU) products, whereby the legislation only states the 1025/2012 to promote standardisation in support of essential requirements that must be fulfilled to European policies and legislation as part of the EU meet policy objectives, such as health and safety2. “Better Regulation” strategy. Regulation 1025/2012 aims The legislators then mandate the standardisers to to modernise and improve the development process define the specifications to design, manufacture and of European standards to make it faster and more test products. In other words, the technical means inclusive. The goals are to: to comply with the essential requirements of the legislation. • Enhance the competitiveness of European businesses; Through Standardisation Requests formerly called • Improve the general convergence to international Mandates, the European Commission asks the European standards, reducing barriers to trade and access Standardisation Organisations (ESOs, namely CEN, new markets; CENELEC and ETSI) to develop and adopt European • Promote the involvement of small and medium- Standards (ENs) defining the corresponding technical sized enterprises (SMEs) and civil society in specifications. The ENs developed in response to standardisation processes. a standardisation request are called harmonised European standards (hENs)3. They remain voluntary and are a means of compliance with the legislation they With regards to the final point, the Regulation foresees relate to. If suppliers of products or services choose Union financing for European stakeholder organisations to use the hENs, their products will be presumed to representing the interests of SMEs, consumers, the conform with the European legislation in place for the environment, and workers. These organisations are products concerned. Manufacturers declare that the often referred to as “Annex III organisations” and ECOS product meets all legal requirements through attaching is one of them. It also requires that standardisation the CE marking to their products. organisations encourage and facilitate representation and effective participation of all relevant stakeholders, The New Legislative Framework (NLF) was adopted especially the Annex III organisations. in 2008 to reinforce the New Approach. It includes

2 For instance, the Toy Safety Directive 2009/48/EC requires that “toys, including the chemicals they contain, shall not jeopardise the safety or health of users or third parties when they are used as intended or in a foreseeable way, bearing in mind the behaviour of children.” 3 A list of Harmonized Standards supporting EU Directives and Regulations is available on the European Commission’s website. 7 ECOS in the standardisation system

A standardisation system that ECOS role and rights in the ESS should be inclusive As a Partner Organisation of both CEN and CENELEC and an Annex III organisation, ECOS has the right Robust and unbiased standards are crucial for a to participate in all standardisation technical uniform implementation of EU laws and policies for bodies under CEN and CENELEC, including technical health and environmental protection. However, with committees and working groups. ECOS can also the New Approach, a big share of decisions on technical participate in some of their governance bodies and issues is shifted from the legislator to the private strategies groups. standardisation organisations, which are dominated by industry interests. It is therefore essential that all All Annex III organisations have the following rights stakeholders, especially civil society organisations, within the standards development process: contribute to standardisation work to ensure the development of comprehensive, quality standards. • Join any CEN and/or CENELEC Technical Body, including Technical Committees and Working For example, if a measurement standard used to Groups without having to apply for an official determine the level of a pollutant in a particular liaison status and without approval vote by the medium is developed based on a method that is not groups for its observership; sensitive or accurate, this standard will fail to lead to • Take part in CEN and CENELEC Technical reliable and comparable results. This can in turn lead Committees as Observers and in Working to an underestimation of the impact of the pollutant, Groups as Experts. In the case of WGs, the ECOS inappropriate policy decisions or poor implementation representative has equal rights as any other of ambitious public policies. expert in the group; • Nominate one ECOS staff and one expert at In ECOS’ opinion, the European standardisation system Technical Committee & Subcommittee level and is not yet sufficiently inclusive for a number of reasons. one staff and two experts at Working Group level; • Use the online document-exchange platforms to The environmental expertise needed to contribute access standardisation documents; to the standards development process is scarce, • Make new Work Item proposals; especially given the complexity of more recent • Participate in CEN and CENELEC governance legislation and the convergence of technologies. This bodies as observers, including the General scarcity of expertise, coupled with a heavy reliance Assemblies, Technical Boards and Policy Groups; on voluntary and unpaid participation, places civil • Submit comments and express a “Favourable” society organisations at a considerable disadvantage or “Not Favourable” Opinion during the Public compared to businesses that participate in national or Enquiry and Formal Vote on standardisation international committees. deliverables; • Lodge an appeal on matters associated with work The use of standards for the implementation of EU carried out by CEN and CENELEC Technical Bodies laws, regulations and public policies is expected to to which they have contributed. intensify in the next decade. The participation of ECOS as the representative of European environmental NGOs in the standardisation system is crucial but, at the same time, participation at national level must also Under ISO and IEC, ECOS has the status of A-Liaison increase for the environmental voice to be heard. organisation and must apply to each individual technical body directly. Participation includes The ECOS position on how the standardisation system commenting during the different stages of the should be improved can be found here. standardisation deliverables. Among others, being a Liaison organisation requires submitting regular liaison reports to the technical body. ECOS does not have voting rights but can express a sustained opposition.

8 ECOS in the standardisation system

The Environmental Framework includes the following items: CIVIL SOCIETY IMPROVING, STRENGTHENING AND LEGITIMISING • CEN Environmental Training including e-learning, THE EUROPEAN STANDARDIZATION SYSTEM one-day courses and tailored workshops • CEN Guide 4 on how to address environmental aspects in standardisation • The Environmental Checklist – see next page • CEN Guide 16 for addressing chemicals in standards for consumer-relevant products • CEN-CENELEC Guide 32 for addressing climate change adaptation in standards • CEN-CENELEC Guide 33 for addressing environmental issues in testing standards • Guide to EU environmental policy and directives

The environmental checklist is designed to be used by technical bodies to assess how their work programme

Standards are everywhere, from the products ANEC: The European consumer voice in or work items affect or can affect environmental we buy and the places we live, to the services we standardization. receive. With standards playing a key role to protect aspects. This is meant to be a systematic exercise ECOS: The European Environmental Citizens' consumers, workers and the environment, it is Organization in Standardization. easy to see why civil society is needed in their which should contribute to the better inclusion of develop ment. Add to this the ability standards have ETUC: The European Trade Union Confederation. to support the implementation of laws and policies, environment in the different standardisation areas. including in areas of public interest, and you Three organizations represent a wide range of national quickly realise that civil society must be involved civil society organizations across the European Union, in standardization. European Free Trade Association, and beyond.

Three organizations have a special role in promoting ANEC, ECOS and ETUC ensure the expertise the interests of civil society in the development of needed for better standards and bring balance to standards in Europe, and internationally: a standardization system which they legitimise through their participation and contributions.

For more information on how civil society, including ECOS, improve, strengthen, and legitimise the European Standardisation, see this brochure developed by CEN-CENELEC, ANEC, ETUC and ECOS.

The CEN Environmental Framework The CEN Environmental Framework was developed by CEN to promote environmental mainstreaming in standardisation. It is a toolbox of support tools and support services that are freely available to all CEN committee members

The Framework is overseen by the CEN Environmental Helpdesk (CEN/EHD), which provides information and support to CEN Technical Committees (TCs) and Working Groups when addressing environmental issues in European Standards.

9 The structure of a standard 4

The following is the typical structure of European standards (EN) developed by CEN and CENELEC. Standards developed by CEN-CENELEC international counterparts, ISO and IEC, are usually written following a similar structure.

Title

Foreword

Introduction • May describe the content of the standard (Optional) • May give information on why the standard is needed, why it is helpful • Can help users decide whether the standard meets their needs

Scope Defines the subject and the area to which the standard applies, areas which are excluded, what kind of document it is (e.g. specification, test method, guidelines etc.).

Normative references List of other documents which are indispensable for the application of the (if necessary) standard.

Terms and definitions Terms used in the standard (i.e. clarify the meaning of certain words in the context of the standard).

Body of the standard • This is the section that tells users of the standard what they need to do (Composed of clauses) to implement it. • Standards can contain normative and informative sections: • Normative: Requirements that the standard user needs to comply with, • Informative: Information provided to the user to help him to apply the standard requirements.

• Distinction between requirements and recommendations are made with the following words: • “shall” indicates a requirement, • “should” indicates a recommendation, • “may” is used to indicate that something is permitted, • “can” is used to indicate that something is possible, for example, that an organization or individual is able to do something.

Annexes • Normative (Part of the standard) (if necessary) • Informative

Bibliography

10 Training available to you 5

To support your work, ECOS will offer you training options including ad hoc training and development suited to your needs upon request. The training options are as follows:

E-learning ‘Societal CEN-CENELEC StandarDays CEN-ECOS environmental Stakeholders and standards’: annual training session www.standards4all.eu

CEN e-learning courses Specific 10-10 webinars Tools for Societal on Environmental organised by CEN-CENELEC stakeholders aspects in (material available online or standardisation work upon request)

The standards development process is complex but a lot of different support tools exist from different sources. Do not hesitate to ask your contact at the ECOS’ Secretariat for any additional information about specific aspects of the process.

11 European standard 6 development process

Timeline scenarios for the development of European Standards

The following stages represent the development process of European standards by CEN/CENELEC. This process is similar to the one used by their international counterparts, ISO and IEC. The graph below represents the various possible scenarios for the development of European standards. Development at international level is similar.

CCMC, TC NBs/NCs Skip Formal Vote NSB/NCs Registration TC NWI analyses & voting Editing, Enquiry result translation (associated Publication Drafting & enquiry weighted vote) preparation Resolution of 8-12 months4 3.5 months 3 months comments received (12 weeks) & Formal vote

4 A first working draft should be circulated 4 months after registration

12 European standard development process

EN development stages – actions in detail STAGE 1 Proposal, Evaluation and Decision

Submision of proposal Evaluation of the proposal Decision to CEN - CENELEC

• Within the scope of • Specific needs • Acceptance or rejection existing technical • Market relevance • Specification of development Committee (TC) • Feasibility route • Outside the scope of • Resources existing TC

Note: Proposals may originate from existing Standard Organisations Technical Committees, European Commission, National Standardisation Organisations, CEN/CENELEC partner organisations, European Federations, interest representations, etc.

STAGE 2 Drafting and Consensus building

BT (Technical Board) TC (Technical Committee) WG (Working Group)

• Allocate work to TC • Allocate work to Working Group • Prepare first working draft of (WG) standard • Decide on forwarding draft to • Convenor ensures consensus next stage • Submits draft standard back to TC for approval

STAGE 3 Public Enquiry – Generation of comments

Formating/translation Public enquiry Collating of Finalisation of national comments draft standard

• Formating and • National Standards • The CEN-CENELEC Man- • TC finalises enquiry draft translation (French Bodies launch national agement Centre collates and German) of draft public enquires national comments standard

13 European standard development process

STAGE 4 Resolution of comments

Consideration of Resolution of Integration of Finalisation of comments comments comments draft standard

• TC is obliged • Chairman/convenor • Expert integrate the • TC decides by vote if draft to consider all builds consensus comments into the EN ready for Formal Vote comments received on resolution of body of the standard in public enquiry comments • If changes too in public enquiry significant, a nd2 enquiry phase might be necessary

STAGE 5 Approval of Final Draft Standard The final draft standard is approved through a formal vote process among the member countries.

Submision of final Formating/translation Vote draft standard

• Final version of • Editing and translation • Launch of formal vote draft standard (French and German) • Build national positions submitted by TC phase • Voting to CEN-CENELEC Management Centre

71% positive votes = approved European Standard

STAGE 6: Publication of Standard

Publication at European Publication at national level by CEN-CENELEC level by National Management Centre Standards Bodies

• Counts votes • Publish EN as a national standard • Finalises the European Standard • Withdraw conflicting/overlapping standards • Publishes the European Standard • Translate titles into national languages • European Standard provided to NSBs for • May translate the entire text if very national publication important/popular • EN title provided to EC (if applicable)

A standard is systematically reviewed every five years by the Technical Committee to ensure that it is still valid and up-to-date.

14 European standard development process

International standards development process – actions in detail

• New work item proposal submitted for vote by members of the relevant TC, Proposal • Proposal accepted if majority of participating members of TC in favour, and at least five stage participating members committed to participate actively in the project, • Code stage: 10.XX5.

Preparatory • Working group of experts set up for preparing a working draft, stage • Successive Working Drafts (WD) considered until best technical solution developed, • Draft forwarded to working group’s parent committee for the consensus-building phase, • Code stage: 20.XX.

• Draft distributed for comment and voting by the participating members of the TC, Committee • Successive Committee Drafts (CD) may be considered until consensus reached, stage • Once consensus attained, text finalised for submission as Draft International Standard (DIS), • Code stage: 30.XX.

• DIS circulated to all ISO member bodies for voting and comment, Enquiry • Approved for submission as a Final Draft International Standard (FDIS) if two-thirds of stage participating members of TC in favour, and not more than one-quarter of total number of votes cast is negative6. • Code stage: 40.XX.

Approval • FDIS circulated to all ISO member bodies for final Yes/No vote, stage • Text approved as International Standard if two-thirds of participating members of TC in favour, and not more than one-quarter of total number of votes cast is negative7. • Code stage: 50.XX.

• Once FDIS approved, minor editorial changes (if necessary) introduced into final text, Publication • Final text published as International Standard. stage • Code stage: 60.XX.

5 Each stage and sub-stage of the development process of international standards is given a unique stage code for reference. 6 If approval not met, text is returned to originating TC for further study and a revised document will again be circulated for voting and comment as a draft International Standard. 7 If approval not met, standard is referred back to originating TC for reconsideration in light of the technical reasons submitted in support of the nega- tive votes received. 15 Other standardisation 7 deliverables

In addition to standards, standards organisations may Technical Report produce other standardisation deliverables that differ A Technical Report (TR) is an informative document in the levels of content, transparency, consensus and that provides information on the technical content approval required before issue. These documents of standardisation work. It is prepared when it is offer a flexible way to meet market needs for technical considered urgent or advisable to provide additional requirements and information. information to standardisation stakeholders based on collected data different from what is normally Technical Specification published as a standard. A TR can also be used as support document for a TS. No time limit is specified for A Technical Specification (TS) may be initiated for the the lifetime of TRs, but it is recommended that they are following reasons: regularly reviewed by the responsible Technical Body to ensure that they remain valid. A TR can be upgraded to • Publish aspects of a subject that may support a TS or added to the annex of a standard. the development and progress of the market but where a standard is not/not yet feasible; For more details about TRs, see: • Give guidance to the market on or by specifications and related test methods; • CEN TR: CEN Technical Reports and flowchart • Provide specifications in experimental • ISO TR: ISO Technical Report and flowchart circumstances and/or evolving technologies; • If there has been insufficient support for the work Workshop Agreements item to progress to a standard; • When no consensus can be reached on the A Workshop agreement (WA) is a document published submission of the work item to Formal Vote within by Standardisation Organisation. It is a document the given target date. produced and approved through a Standardisation Organisation Organisation’s workshop and not through TSs may compete against each other but cannot conflict the technical committee process. This workshop is open with a standard. A TS is withdrawn if the publication of to direct participation of anyone with an interest in the a subsequent standard conflicts with the TS. development of the agreement. Market players and other stakeholders directly participate in a WA and do TSs are reviewed at least every three years to either not have to go through a national delegation. There is confirm the TS for a further three years, revise it, or no geographical limit on participation. The development process it further to become a standard. After six years, of a WA is fast and flexible, on average between 10-12 a TS should be converted to a standard or withdrawn months. A WA does not have the status of a standard, it (However, in the case of CEN/CENELEC, the TS can be involves no obligation at national level and conflicting downgraded to a Technical Report - TR). national standard documents may remain. However, a WA cannot conflict with a standard. If a conflicting For more details about TSs, see: standard is published after, the WA is withdrawn.

• CEN TS: CEN Technical Specifications and flowchart • ISO TS: ISO Technical Specification and flowchart For more details about TRs, see:

• CEN WA: CEN Workshop Agreements and flowchart • ISO WA: ISO Workshop Agreement and flowchart, ISO Workshop Agreement Development Process

16 Other standardisation deliverables

Guides A Guide is a document that gives rules, orientation, advice or recommendations relating to standardisation.

Guides can be useful when developing standardisation deliverables, e.g. providing recommendations on addressing specific issues (such as climate change) in the context of a specific standard.

For more details about TRs, see:

• CEN Guides: CEN Guides and flowchart • ISO Guides: ISO Guide and flowchart

17 Annexes 8

Standardisation organisations CEN Environmental Framework • CEN The CEN Environmental Framework was developed • CENELEC by CEN to promote environmental mainstreaming in • ETSI standardisation. It is a toolbox of support tools and • IEC support services that are freely available to all CEN • ISO committee members

Horizontal guides The Framework is overseen by the CEN Environmental Helpdesk (CEN/EHD), which • The CEN-CENELEC Guides are reference provides information and support to CEN Technical documents published by CEN-CENELEC to give Committees (TCs) and Working Groups when orientation, advice or recommendations on addressing environmental issues in European standardisation principles and policies and Standards. guidance to standards writers. • CEN and CENELEC’s ambitions to 2020 The Environmental Framework includes the • CEN-CENELEC brochure: “European Standards following items: respecting the Environment” • CEN Environmental helpdesk • CEN Environmental Training including e-learning, one-day courses and tailored workshops • CEN Guide 4 on how to address environmental aspects in standardisation Legal framework and other • The Environmental Checklist – see next page • CEN Guide 16 for addressing chemicals in resources standards for consumer-relevant products • European Commission and Standardisation Policy • CEN-CENELEC Guide 32 for addressing climate • Annual Union Work Programme for change adaptation in standards Standardisation • CEN-CENELEC Guide 33 for addressing • Regulation 1025/2012 on European environmental issues in testing standards standardisation • Guide to EU environmental policy and directives • Vademecum on European standardisation, compiles key documents from the European The environmental checklist is designed to be Commission on European standardisation policy used by technical bodies to assess how their work and related practice. It provides guidance without programme or work items affect or can affect having legal status. environmental aspects. This is meant to be a systematic exercise which should contribute to the better inclusion of environment in the different standardisation areas. ECOS • Public Work Programme • Position paper on the Future of European Standardisation: ECOS’ recommendations for a transparent and inclusive standardisation system, that can effectively support EU legislation and policies • Position paper on the use of standards in legislation and policies: How to ensure a legally- sound and socially-acceptable use of standards by policy-makers in view of the CJEU James Elliott ruling and other court cases

18 ANNEXES

The environmental checklist

Document number Title of standard: TC/SC/WG number: (if available):

Work item number Version of the environmental checklist: Date of last modification of the (if available): environmental checklist:

Stages of the life cycle All stages Acquisition Production Use End-of-Life Environmental Issue Environmental Reuse/ Reuse/ Material and Energy Recovery Raw materials materials Raw and energy Pre-manu- factured & materials components Production Packaging Use Maintenance and repair Incineration without energy recovery disposal Final Transportation Use of additional of additional Use products Inputs

Materials

Water

Energy

Land

Outputs

Emissions to air Discharges to water

Discharges to soil

Waste

Noise, vibration, radiation, heat

Other relevant aspects

Risk to the environ- ment from accidents or unin- tended use Customer information

Comments

NOTE 1 The stage of packaging refers to the primary packaging of the manufactured product. Secondary or tertiary packaging for transportation, occurring at some or all stages of the life cycle, is included in the stage of transportation. NOTE 2 Transportation can be dealt with as being a part of all stages (see checklist) or as separate sub-stage. To accommodate specific issues relating to product transportation and packaging, new columns can be included and/or comments can be added.

19 ANNEXES

Template for comments and secretariat observations

This is the template used by all CEN technical

bodies when providing official comments on draft secretariat standardisation deliverables. No other form of Observations of the Observations

commenting is accepted at CEN level unless they Project are informal comments. The comments made should always be well justified and suggest a remedial action (proposed change). Document Proposed change Proposed Date: Comments 2 Type of Type comment = editorial ed = editorial = technical Table/ Figure/ Figure/ Paragraph/ Paragraph/ (e.g. Table 1) Table (e.g. = general te = general (e.g. 3.1) (e.g. Clause/ Clause/ ge Subclause Line (e.g. 17) (e.g. number 1 Type of comment: Type NC MB/ = National Committee (enter the ISO 3166 two-letter country code, e.g. CN for China; comments from the ISO/CS editing unit are identified by **) identified editing unit are the ISO/CS from comments China; CN for e.g. code, country two-letter the ISO 3166 (enter Committee 1 MB = Member body / NC National 2 ISO/IEC/CEN/CENELEC electronic balloting commenting template/version 2012 2012 template/version commenting balloting electronic ISO/IEC/CEN/CENELEC 20 ANNEXES

Glossary • Standardisation: Market-driven, voluntary • Annex III organisations: Organisations process for agreeing definitions and setting representing societal stakeholders in the technical specifications at national, European European Standardisation System according to or international level. Regulation (EU) 1025/2012. • Technical Body: term referring to any type of • EN: European Standard; hENs: European standardisation group (TCs, WG…). standards developed in response to a European Commission’ Standardisation Request. • Technical Committee (TC): A type of official standardisation group responsible for • Frankfurt agreement: IEC-CENELEC agreement to developing a specific set of standards avoid duplication of standards at European and and comprises of delegates from national international levels. standardisation organisations. • Guide: Reference documents published • Technical Report (TR): An informative document by CEN-CENELEC to give orientation or that provides information on the technical recommendations on standardisation principles content of standardisation work. and policies and guidance to standards writers. • Technical Specification (TS): A normative • Harmonised standards: A European standard document, the development of which can be developed following a request from the envisaged when various alternatives that would European Commission to a European Standards not gather enough as to allow agreement on Organisation (CEN, CENELEC or ETSI) to develop a European Standard (EN), need to coexist a European standard that provides solutions for in anticipation of future harmonisation, or compliance with a legal provision. Also referred for providing specifications in experimental to as harmonised European Standards (hENs). circumstances and/or evolving technologies. • National delegation principle: All interested • Vienna agreement: CEN-ISO agreement to parties (enterprises, public authorities, NGOs, avoid duplication of standards at EU and etc.) can participate in the creation of the international levels. standard at national level and in their own language. • Working Group (WG): Group established by a (TC) or Subcommittee (SC), that develops draft • Right of Opinion: The ability to submit an deliverables in the context of the scope and opinion on draft standards submitted to work programme of the parent body. It works the Enquiry or Formal Vote reserved solely within clearly defined policy guidelines from its for the three European societal stakeholder parent body. On completion of its task, the WG organisations (Annex III) under Regulation (EU) is disbanded by decision of the parent body. 1025/2012. • Workshop Agreement (WA): A document • Standard: A document that provides produced and approved through a requirements, specifications, guidelines or

= editorial ed = editorial = technical Standardisation Organisation Organisations’ characteristics that can be used consistently to workshop and not through the technical ensure that materials, products, processes and committee process. services are fit for their purpose.

= general te = general • Standardisation Request (SR): Requests put forth by the European Commission to the European Standardisation Organisations to develop and adopt standards. = National Committee (enter the ISO 3166 two-letter country code, e.g. CN for China; comments from the ISO/CS editing unit are identified by **) identified editing unit are the ISO/CS from comments China; CN for e.g. code, country two-letter the ISO 3166 (enter Committee 1 MB = Member body / NC National ge of comment: 2 Type 2012 template/version commenting balloting electronic ISO/IEC/CEN/CENELEC 21 E C O S

ECOS The European Environmental Citizens’ Organisation for standardisation

Founded in 2001, ECOS is the only organisation worldwide working to defend the environmental interests in standardisation.

Supported by nearly 50 environmental NGOs across Europe and beyond, and with a strong pool of independent experts, ECOS contributes to the development of standards at European and international level, and to related laws and policies. We advocate for greater transparency and inclusiveness in the standardisation system. ECOS also represents the environmental interests in the development and implementation of product- specific environmental policies through Ecodesign and Energy Labelling.

Mundo-B, Rue d’Edimbourg, 26 1050 Brussels, Belgium · +32 2 894 46 68 [email protected] · ecostandard.org EU Transparency Register number: 96668093651-33

@ECOS_Standard ECOS-EU