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GEOTHIEZMAL RE!OuRCES, PRESmT AND FUTUREI: DlEMAND FOR POWEB, AND M LEixTISLATION IN THE STATE OF WYOMING

Edwa,rd R. Decker, Depaxtment of Geology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82070

INTRODUCTION

This report briefly swnmarizes data on thermal springs and wells jyl the state of Wyoming, exclusive of Yellowstone Pnk, The presentation includes a map showing the general 1ocal;ion.s of the springs and wells outside the Park, and the lands in Wyondng that have been classified as being prospectively of geothermal value, The locations and geothermal data on the springs and wells are tabulated, and a short table of chemical analyses of spiry: waters is presented, Although them3, data constitute most of the material presented hereh, this report also swnroariees the present and future demands for electrical energy in Wyoming, The report also reviews legislation per- tainhg to exploration near thermal springs fi Yyoming, A list of state and federal agencies is included so that interested parties may obtain copies of pertinent legislation and information on the status of hdo

KNOWN GEOTHEBMU RESOURCES AREA (KGRA) IN WYOMING Yellmstone Park is the only area in Wyoming that gresently qualifies as a KGRA. It is unlikely that this area will be released for the development of geothermal power,

OTHER THERMAL AajEAs IN WYOMING Generalized geology of Uyomlng is sham in Figure 1, Figure 2 shows the locations of thermal springs and wells outside Yellowdone Park, and

178 the landrp in Uyomilng that nay be valuable prospectively for geothermal resourceds (after Godwin 49, (1971) ; Laraway (1971)). The thermal data aad more precise locations for each spring, spring area and well are listed in Table 1I together with comments references @ and updated general geology, Float of the data in Table 1. were taken from Waring (1965). Other data were mished by D.L, Blackstone, Jr, of the University of

Wyoming and by J,D, Love of the United States Geological Survey,

Table 2 lists all of the recent chemical analyses that I could find for the localities fia Table 1, I would like to thank DOEoWhite of the United States Geological Survey for the copies of the analyses of waters from the Auburn and Flaw Ranch Hot SprWgs,

Regional Geology and General Comments on Springs (see Figures 1 and 2) With the exception of the thrust belt, the geology of Wyoming is characterized by north-south to northwest trending asymmetrical mountain, uplifts in which the Precaml$rian basement is exposed, Prior to Laramide deformation the baseanant was overlain by Paleosoic adMesoaoic marine sediments ranging up to 15,000 feet in thickness, Differential relief of the basement is as grea.t aa 35,000 feet, and in the intermontane basins late Cretaceous and Cenorzroic sediments have accumulated with thicknesses in excess of l5,OOO feet. In the thrust belt , Cretaceous and older rocks have been thrust from west to east, generally such that Cretaceous and older units are upon younger rocks. The Y ellowstone-Absaroka-Jackson =ea is the largest volcanic field in Wyoming, Volcanism in the Yellowstme-Absaroka regia started in the Eocene and continued to the Pleistocene (Love, 1968). According; to Love (1968) the Jackson Hole ax- did not subside during the first 20 million years of volcanism, despite the extrusion of more than 4x10 43kn of debris

in the Yellowstone-Abaroka region. From the Miocene to the Pleistocene,

however, subsidence of Jackson Hole was coincident with extensive activity

throuaout the region (Love 1956 I 1968). The Leucite Hillsy the Rattlesnake Hills, and the are

other volcanic fields in Wyoming (see Figure 2)e Volcanism in the Leucite Hills has been dated as late Pliocene (Houston, 1963). The volcanic rocks in the Rattlesnake Hills are middle-to upper-Eocene ( ?) or younger , while flows and breccias irn the Black Hills are considered to be Oligocene

(Houston I 1963) Twenty-four of the springs or spring-systems listed on Table 1 issue from folded or faulted Phanerozoic sediments. Of the remaining three,

one issues from Precambrian granite, while the other two issue from Plio-

cene and Pleistocene volcanic units, respectively, Five of the springs (Flagg Ranch, Jackson Lake, Kelley, Tetan Valley, and the Rattlesnake Hills)

are close to (fi5 miles) late Tertiary eruptive centers; the others axe

more than 10 miles from Tertiary volcanic fields (Figure 2), The correla- tion between thermal spring activity and Tertiary volcanism outside the Yellowstone-Jackson-Absaroka, area is obscure; for example, I could not find evidence for hot springs in the Leucite Hills, an area where lavas have been dated at 1.25 million years (Houston, 1963)

Uses of Geothermal Resources in Wyaming Geothermal resources in IJyaming have been used for hot waters at resorts and sanitariums, and for irrigation (Table 1) The Wyoming Geological Survey and other state agencies have received inquiries abolrt the geothermal resources of Wyaming, hnrt there is no evidence for active exploration,

Cursory Evrtluat ion of Areas Out side Y ellowstone Park

be employed in the evEllucltiaa of geothermal resource areas. The application of some of these criteria to areas in Wyoming outside Yellow- stone Park is bribfly summiarkzed blow: 1, None of the springs listed in Table 1 are characterized by geyser activity, In addition, there is little evidence for significant

amounts of siliceous sinter at each locality, while sevedrml of the areas are characterized by large deposits of travertine (Table 1). For the springs with large discbrge, these data imply low reservoir

tempemhres (Godwin & a.I 1971; White, 1970). 2, The analyses listed in Table 2 were discussed with J.I. Drevsr and H,P, Eugster, geochemists presently at the University of Wyoming, My impressions of their comments are8 a) that the compositions are not inconsistent with low4emperatme (dlOO°C) reqwtiqme, between meteoric waters and marine sediments or volcanic rocks; and b) thatl although the compositions may no;t be emplayed for accwrate geothermometry, they may imply that reservoir temperatures are not abnormally high. White (1970) infers that the si02 content of sample #2 (Table 2) from Thermopolis Hot springs ahso implies hm temperatures (\(lls°C) in the underlying reservoirt

3, Several of the springs are chaxacterised by moderate tempdares (total measured range 23.%62.2*C). Although the surface data nay provide pstinmtes for minirum subsurface temperatures, those springs with mxinum tempratures of 23 to 29OC could reflect the result of waters circulating to depths of 1 to 2 km in axeas with normre1 geo- thermal gradients (25OC/km) Other data in Wyoming suggest that some of the other springs are not associated with shallow "gecsthsrmnrl reservoirs", For example, heat flow determinatiana at Cooke City and Nye Basin, Montana and Meeteetse, Wyoming sange from 1.3 to 1.8

HFU' (Blackwell, 1969; Sass & trl, , 1971) I suggesting that the anomalous regional flux ( 6-10 m; after White (1965) ; brier (1969)) in Yellowstone Park does not extend very far to the east and northeast.

Considered together, the geothermal data in the Absaroka region (Figure 2) suggest that the DeMaris Hot Spin@ wy bs related in part to above- average, but not abnormal regional flux and gradients, The high gradients in areas around Thennopolis, Alcova, and the Battlesnake Hills (Figure 2) suggest that 60 to 7OoC waters could occur between 1 and 2 km depths near these springs while the regional flu may not be ahomally high (see Blackwell (1969)). 4, The high bottomahole temperature (135OC) in the Carter Cole well, the thermal springs near Doughs, and Blacbell% (1969) "estimated" heat flows (1,8-2,0 HF'U) in the Salt Creek and Lance Creek of1 fields, suggest that the Powder River Basin may be chazaderiaed by above- average flux, This Bone of high flux (?) may extend into the Black Hills to the northeast; Blackwell (1969) and Sass & &, (1971) calm- laked heat flows of 1.9 HFU near Lead, South Dakota, and recent studies (Deck=, unpublished) west of Speaxfish, South Dakota tend to confirm high regional flw (1,g-2.4 HF'U). These values of flux are not high enough to suggest shallow geothermal reservoirs, lnrt above-average

2 1, 1HFU = 1 heat flw unit = 1 microcal/cm sec,

182 heat flow would imply that the Basin could be a source of hot waters,

In sumnvLrly, the available data imply that some of the thermal areas in Wyoming outs3de of Yellowstone National Park are not characrterhed by reservoir tempemtwes appropriate for the development of steam directly as a result of shallow (2 km) drillbg, Howevert the present information on every mea is inadequate for proper evaluation; therefore, more rigorous geochemical, geophysical and geological studies should be initiated at each locality, A better knowleae of the heat flow pattern in eastern Wyoming also is needed, since the Powder River Basin is expected to be a mjor source of a large increase in demand for water irJ. Wyoraing by the year 2020 (report , Cameron Engineers, 1969) Although geothermal steam may not be a major resource of Wyoming, the maqy uses of hot water should be considered in the future development of the state.

PRIESENT ETlEcTEUC POWER AND FUTURE DWB The folloHing comments on the present supply and future demands for power in the state of Wyoming were abstracted from a report by the. Governor's Electkic Power Advisory Committee (1971) and a report by Cameron Engineers (1969) for the state of Wyoming,

Sresemt Supply and Short-Term Demand As of Jmuary, 1971r the total capacity of all installed electric power plants in Wyoming was 1,087.2 megawatts, Twenty percent of this power was produced at eleven hydromeledric genera$+* dams located in the main river drafnages, The remahjngeighty percent of the pmer was SUP- plied by coallfired thermal generating plants located in or near the major coal-producing areas. The, planned increase in electric power in Wyomf#g is Z,Oy,O mega= watts by the Fall of 1976, Became funds for hydro-projects have not been appropriated by Congress, the planned additions are all cal-fired thermal generating plants,

The estimated demands for parer to the year 1980 by the private

utilities, the municipalities, and the R,E,A, cooperatives and others in Wyonbe; may be briefly sumnreLriz;ed as follows (report , Governor's

Electric Power Advisory Committee, 1971) I 1, Private electric ut:llities, By 1980 the peak dewid for private companies is estimated to be about 883 megawatts, an increase of

9s over 1971 e Planned additions of coal-fired thermally generated power of abut 31200 megavratts will far exceed the needs in Wyoming. 2, Municipalttiesa The peak demand for municipalities should increase by abo~74 percent by 1980, or from 15.74 megawatts to 27.37 megawatts, The indications are that power supply from the Unlted States Bureau of Reclawtion will be inadequate by this time, 2. R.E,A. cooperatives and athers. The est;-ted peak demand for cooperatives and others should be about 342 megavratts by 1980, an increase of about 90 percent over the 1971 supply, Figures indicate that the present government-owned generating capacity in Wyoming will not be adeqmte to supply the demand,

Long Term Demands Because of the small projected growth (+&) in population, the limited local narkding for productsI, and the lack of manufacturing industryl it is generally thought that Wyoming's lag-range requirements for energy will be dominated by the needs of mineral industries 184 (report mrnemn Engineers I 1969) The major requirements of these industries will be mter and electrical per, For example, demand for water ins expected to increase from 91,QOO acre feet to 850t000 acre feet by the year 2020 (report I Cameron Ebgineers e 1969) e The estimated demand for electrical power also shows a 940 LO-fold increase over the same interval of the (Table 3)m The largest portion of the increased demand for electrical power is expectedto be supplied by large-capacity, coal-fueled generators using coal from Wyoming,

STATE LAWS AND AGENCIES

IAMS

The state of Wyoming has legislation which directly bears on explora- tion in the vicinity of thermal springs. One law reserves the total floH of the Big Horn Hot Springs (Themopalis) for the state of Yyoming (Wyoming Statutes, Sec, 36-160.1 (suppl, 1971)). The others refer to thermal springs 5n general, and are repro'ducad below (Wyohg Statutes, Sets.

1, The Skate Engfneer is given the authorfty to abolish, correct, discontinue or stop any condition which interferes with the aatural flow of any thermal spring which is located on State lands, 2, Nothing In this Act shall be construed to limit any nonthermal water or Inhem1 development so long as said development does not interfere with the natural flow of the thermal springs covered herein, 3* The State Ebgineer may seek injunctive relief to implement these provisions, It should be mentioned that -all waters in Wyoming are considered to be the property of the State, Therefore there are state laws requiring drilling permit# for the development of water (Wyoming Statutes, Secs, of holes that intercept water (Wyomhg StatuLes, S~CS.30-96.14 thru

Offices a.nd ~ffic~ls A list of state md federal agencies that may 'be contacted for infornation on pertinent legislation and land-status in Wyoming is given belcr~, State of Wyo~~~ State Boaxd of Land Commissioners Albert E, King, ~o~ssion~ Capit 01 Building Cheyenne, Wyoming 82001 Ph* ~7.77~~7~~1 State Engineers Floyd A. Bishop, Sbte ~~~~e~ Bichard Stockdale Geologist Stat e Off ice Building

~h~y~e~~~~~ ~2~~1 Ph. 307-?77-73!54

United Statas Bureau of Land ~~%rne~t 2120 Capitol Avea Cheyenne, Wyomlng 82001 Ph, 3~7~778-222~ References ~%tedand Partial List of ~~er~~~~s(Including Geology) on Them1 Springs in Wyoming, Excluding Xellowstonet Park.

1, Bszrklett , A,& , The mineral hot spriapp of Vyontbg, Wyoming Geologists Offfce Bull, 16, 15 p. , 1926,

2, Bebendt, J.C,, B,L, Tibbetts, WOE, Bonini, and P,M, Lavin, A geophysical, stlldy in Gmd Teton Nationa;l Park and vichity, Teton County, ~y~~~,with ssctions on st~ti~~yand structure by J.D, Love? and Precambrian rocks by J,C, Bed, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof, Paper 516-E, ~1~~3,1968,

3, Bell, John, On baths and mineral waters, Henry H, Porter Coo I Philadelphia, Pa, 532 p, I 1831, 4. Bell, John, The mineral and thermal springs of the United States and Canada, Parry and McPlIillan Coo , P~~~~1~i&,Pa, 13- 394, 1855.

7. Bruesl COT. , Further studies on the fauna of North American hot springs, An, Acad, Arts and SCL PZIOC,, 678 7, 185-3038 1932, 8, Burk, GOA, The Big Horn hot springs at Thermopolis, Wyo. , Wyoming Geol, ASSOC. Gul.debook, '7th Bnn, Ffeld Cmf, 93-95, 1952 9. ~a~ero~bgbeess, ~~~~~~1 Industries, a report prepared for the Wyoming Natural Resource Board and the State Water Planning; Program, Book I (Sumnumy), 1969,

10, Collier, A.J. fi Oil iu the Warm Springs and Hamilton domes, near Themopolis, Wyo, I U.S, Geol, Surrey Bull, 7ll-D, ~61~~~73~SgZO,

12, Dsrt;on, NOH,, Geology of the , with notes ai resources of adjoining regions in the cedsid portion of the Shoshone Indbn Reservation, ~yu~~,U.S. 59th Congo , Isto Sess,, S, DOC. 219, 168 p., 1906b, 13, Relo, D,PIOI and N.A. Mfnsr, Yam Sprfngs Natural Bridges, Wind River Mountains, Wyoming, Jour, G0oL 1, 5, 162-166, 1942, 16, Fisher, C,A, I GeolQgy and water resources of the Big Horn Ba~in, Wyo, @ U,S, Geol, Survey Prof, Paper 33, 72 p, , LgOih,

18, Fitch, WOE. , Mineral waters of the United States and American e, Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia’and Nsw York, 799 p, I 1927.

21, Governor’s Electric Pawer Advisory Codttee, Electric power supply, gears 1971-~9?60~98~,far the state of ~y~~~~$~hey~e Wyoming, December, l9n.

23, Had, C,B, , ~ve~~t~gin the upper Fodxmelle-La Barge creeks area, Lincoln and Sublette Counties, Wyoming, M, Sc, thesb, University of VyuBaJng, 75 pat 1 appOr1963, 24, Hewett, DwFo and COT, Lupkcul, Anticlines in the southern part af the Big Horn Basin, Wyo, U,S, Geol, Survey Bull, 656, 192 p., 1917.

26, Houston, R.S., Aspsets of the geologic history of Wyoming related to the famation of urtmZum deposits, Univ, Wyo, Contrib. Geollll 8, 2, 6?~~~~1949,

t 88 28, Keefer, W,R.# Geology of the Du Noir area, Frsmont County, Wyoming, U,S, Geol, Survey &of, Paper 294-Ep 221 pI1 199, 29, Knight, W,C, , Notes on the mineral resources of Wyombg, Wyo- Univ, Agr, Coll, Ex*, Sta, Bull, 14, 119-211, l893*

31. Knight, W,c, 8 and E,E. Slosson, The D"kton, bttlesmke, Amp, Oil Mountain, and Powder River Oil Fields, The School of Mines, University of wyomb~gPetroleum Series - Bull, 4, 9 pOrl9Ol, 32. haway, WT,KI, Lands valuable prospectively for geothermal resources (Wyoming), a map prepared by the U,S, Geol, Survey, Branch of Mineral Classifications Northern Rocky Htn. Reglun , Casper, Wyoming I 1971. 33. Love, J,D,, Paleozoic rocks on the southwest flank of the Wind River Mountahsn near Pinedale, Wyoming, Wyo. Geol, Awx. Guidebook, 5th Am, Field Conf, 25-27, 19%

Love, J,D, I Summary of geologic history of Tdon County, Wyomhg during late Cretaceous, Tertic.ltry and Quaternary times, Wyo, Geol, ASSOC. Guidebook, llth Ann. Fbld Conf, I 140-150, 1956, 35. Love, J,DIy Stratigraphy and structure - A summ&ry, in A geophysical study in Grand Tetan National Park and vicinity, Teton County, Wyomingr US, Geol. Survey Prof, hper 516-E, E3-EU, 1968, 36, Love, J,D,$ mitten and personal communications, 1972, 37. Love,. LD,, and J,M, Good, Hydrocarbon in thermal areas, north- western Wyoming, U,S, Geol, Survey Prof, Paper WB,BLB23, 1970,

39. Mansfields G,R., GeupW, geology, and mineral resources of pxt of southeastern Idahol with descripbiona of Carboniferous and Triassic fossils by G,H, CLrty, U,S. Geol, Survey Prof, Paper 1.52, 453 Pay 196'1 40, Naxler, GFDrf The story of Old Faithful, YaUowstane Libxaxy and Museum AssocIs Yellmtane Nathmal Park, Wyo, 49 pages1 1969, 41, Montagne, J, de la, Cenmoic history of Saratoga Valley we, thesis# University of Wyoming, L955* 43, Pierce, W ,G, # Geologic map of the Cody quadrangle, Park County, Wyoming, U,S, Geol, Survey Geo1, Quad. Map GQ-542, 1966, Wr Ransom, J*E,, Big Smoking Waters, Explorers JouroI v, 45 no, 4, 2452488 illUE4, , 1967, 45, Beeves, coco Jr, , and H, Soper, blca~ceomspring deposits, Dubols are&, Wyoming, Jour, Sed, Petrology, 25)@ 3, 436-446, 1959. 46, Rubey, W,W, and K, J, Mumtap Chemical evidence bearing on origin of a group of hot springs (abs,) I Acad, Sci, Joure , 3in 4, 169-170, 1941, 47, Sass, S.H,, A,B, Lachenbruch, R,J, Munroe, G,W* Gmene, and T,H, Moses, Jr., Weat flops in the western United States8 Jam. Geophys. Beso, 76, 26, 63766413, 1931. 48, Schu3.t~, A.B. , A geologic reconnais-ce for phosphate and coal in southeastern Idaho and western Wyoming, U.S. Geol. Survey Bull, 680, 841 pm, 1918. 49, Shaxkey ,H ,N,R, and Others Geologic and structure contour map of Sage Creek Done, Fsemont County, Wyoming, U.S. Geol, Survey, Oil and Gas Investigst1ons Frel5.mIxmry Map OM-53, 1946. 50. Shsffer, BwDlt Geology of th8 western Alcova area, MOA, thesisl. University of Wyoming;, 74 pot 1951.

52, St, Job, Orestes, Report on the geology of the Wind River dis.tri&, -in Hayden, Ferdinand V,, U,S. Geol, and Geug, Swey Terr. 12th Repto + fro 1, 173-269t 1878, 53. Tibbetts, BJ, J,C, Behrendt and J,D, Love, Seismic-ref'radion measurements in Jackson Hole, Wyoming, Bull, Geol. SOC. Am,, 80, 1109-'117.3., 1969, 54. Warhg, G,A,, Thermal springs of the United States and ather countries Of the WOXld - a (m =Vised R.R, Bfanke~~~hipmd Ray Bentall), UeS, Geol, Survey Prof, Paper 492, 383 p. , 1965.

55 White, l?& Ir Gecrthemu~lenergy, U.S. Geol. Survey Circ. SYU17 p. , 1965 56. Whitet DmEIr Geochemistry applied to the discovery, evaluation, and exploitation of geothermal energy ~"~sources~Rapporteur Rept. in Unlted Nations Symposium on the Pevelupnmt and Utflizmtfevn of- Gaathemtal Resourcest.Pb, Italy, sec, V, 1970, 58, Woodruff, E&,@ Sulfur deposits at Caw, WyoOl U,S, Geol, Survey Bull, 9 ~~O-IJ,Lk.Jl-U56, 1908,

63. Wyoming Statutes, Secs, 414.21 through 41-14? (1957: Suppl, 1971). Table 1, Thermal Springs and Wells in Wyoming, excluding Yellowstone Park

Name Temp, Flow Geology C or Locat ion oc Ref

DeNaris Hot Springs, 1 24-38 p-100 Dhwoody and Park City Fm, Several Sp 4 miles southwest of e sanitaxium Wyo. (Permian) Cody, and Traver 16, 17, 18 2 T, 55 Ne, R, 94K In Warm ? Cretaceous sedimentsa Several sp Sheep Canyon of the Big locally, 1 Horn River, near mouth of Five SpriLngs Creek,

T, 53 N,, R, 9m, Near Warm Small Paleozoic sedimmte. Refs, Upper end of Black Canyon (Wyoming) of the Big Horn River,

4 Flagg Ranch Hat Springs Many 100-800 Pleistocene rhyolite. Refs, I, 3 (Later called Huckle- boiling berry Hot Springs), Sece 8, T, 4m.s R* 113 w, 5 Astoria Springs, 311-110 100 Permirtn sedimentse Hot Baths, T. 39 k,R, 116 (Main pool) 6 Flathead sandstone Several Sp (Cambrian) near Wit& Table 1 (cont 'd)

No, Name Temp, Geology cc 0-1 Or OC Fig. 2 Locat ion ReJ 7 Auburn Hot Springs, 20-62 Faulted Phosphoria Fm, Many sprin: 2'5 miles north of (Permian) taste, Bill Auburn, Wyo, Sulfur and and in neig section, Refs, 39, 4 8 Kmdall Warn Spr-hgs, Warn1 Phosphoria Fm. Six Spring€ See, 2, T8 38 N,, R. (Permian) 110 W, or! Green River near Wells, Vyo,

I. \o -9 Hot Precambrian -anit e Water used Refs. 27, 3

10 Near Warm Spring 29 Phosphorla Fm, Several sp~ Creek, 4 miles nor3>- (Wx) (Permian) TmVeIA heI west of Dubois, Wyo, 42, Q5, 521 11 Near mouth of Little 20 Phosphoria Fm, Several spr Warm Spring Creek, 3 (Permian) Travertine, miles southwest of Dubois,

12 Fort Washakie Hot 43 Cnqyater Fm, I Red Several Spr Springs, Sec, & T8 Peak member (Triassic) pools. 8efi 18, R, 1 I?, 2Lb miles 29, 3% 42, west of Riverton Table 1 (cont 'd)

Name Temp. Flow Geology cc or 0 @l/- Locat ion c 38-49 near Phosphorla Fm, of HzS, Rei (Permian)

T, 29 N.9 Be 96 Wa Warn Sandstone (Oligocene) Several sp Near Sweetwater Rivers locally, Rc I2 miles southwest of M yersville

Big Horn (Themnopolis) 3?+ Red Beds (Trisssic), One large i Hot Sprhgs on the Big overlying Embr limsstone, Large dew4 Horn River at Refs, 1, 7 Themnopolis, 17, 18, 24 54.5 598

3*5 miles norkhmst Hat Red Bede (Triassic) Deposits 0: of Thermopolb, near sulfur, F: sulfur deposits, greater, 3 Sec.35, T, 32 Ne, R, Warn Oligocene strata near Several sp 86 W, on Horse Creek Chwater Fm, (Triassic lo~ally,Rt near Independence and Pe-) Alcova Hot Springs, 59 Faulted Tensleep and Several sp: T, 3 Re 83 w.8 Amden Fm, (Pennsylvanian) Refs, 1, 6 Fremont Canyon of the Alcova Dm North Platte River, Table 1 (cont,d)

Name Temp. Geology C or Lacat ion OC RE

19 Sec4 8,T, 31 N, R, 71 Waxm ? Trusic and Permian Water use[ W, Near the North sediments I undividea. irrigatio1 Platte River, 9 mUes ( Includes Chugwat er Fm, ) south of Douglasr 20 10-120 North Park Forination (Late Miocene)

21 Guernsey Hot Springs(?) 23 3 Terthry sediments (?)

22 Jackson Lake 9 ? Madlaon limestone 13 orifict Hot Springs (mx) (Mississippian) lake level 23 Pliocene tuff and Ref, 36. lake sediments 24 Abercrombie Warm ? ? Fault between Ordoviciarr Ref, 36. spring and Pliocene

25 Teton Valley Warm 23- 6900 Madison limest one Ref, 34. SpringeTT,42 N,, Re (Max) (Mississippian) 115 we 26 School Section Spring. 3l+ ? Thrust fault between T, 41 N,, R, 111 W, Cambrian on upper Cretaceous

27 Triassic sediments 6" pipe f: from deptl Table 1 (cont ' d)

No, Name Temp,. Flow Geology on of w3, 2 Locat ion OC

28 Dallas Well 33-43 Madison limestone Flows 8" 3 T, 33 N., R, 99 (Mississippian) irater. RI her Cretaceous sediments Bott om-ho: (mshale, sandstone) 11*000 ft,

30 Fremont 69- Tensleep Sandstone Bott om-ho: Petroleum Coo Well, ( Pennsylvanian) 1476 ft (j T, 52 N,, R, 101 W, Ref, 36, 8000(?) Mesozoic and Several c( Paleomic strata, warm. Sei deposits, Table 2, Chemical analyses of thermal springs in Wyoming, exclusive of Yellows

Referencest (a) Love ( ersonal communication, 1972) ; (b) open file, Wyoming Ge Survey; (cy White e$ ala (1963)r (a) White (written communlcatioa,

Locality : DeMaris Hot Springs Saratoga Thormopolis Auburn Hot Springs Hot Springs Hot SpringE #WRL-bZ?( a) #WRLb30 ( a) Hobo Pool (b) #l(b) #2(c) #l(d) #2(

50 120 - 28 48 7.1 71 3 PP* PPm PPm PPm sio2 18 62 82 36

4 Fe .2 a 08 04 u, -J Ca 369 385 3?4 Mg 63 76 74 Na 33 262 271 K 16 49 44 HCO 3 993 766 756 s04 419 769 726 C1 20 328 320 F 2 3J 31 5 N03 J a1 0 B - I 7.8 Table 3, Past and estimated future ele&rical power requirements of the mlnezal industries the state of klyomhg,

10 vKilowatt Hours

1967 1972 J-9m 2700 2000 9.00 2020 74.00

1, After report by Cameron Engfneem (1969)- ->.... .-..,J/ ...... I...... ,...... *......

Figure 1. Generalized geology of Yyomlng (after Houston (1969)), Dia,gonal lines = Precambrian; no pattern = PaJ.eortoic-Meso~oic; dots = Tertlary; cross-hatch = Tertiary volcanic sedllmtary rocksR flows and tuffs; solid dots = Terbiary htrusive center&

199 'I (39.5) 'v 01.8 A

1.8 &ll

2.0 E

e 29 ff1.3 19 9 El 13r.L7 14 e 21

f -9 B-I k.?

0 1.6 20 I Ftl I 0- 60mi.

Figurc 2* Thermal springs and wells, and &her geothermal data In Wyoming, Solid circles repref3 tiom of therm1 springs or wells, Open circles represent locations of publiehed heat flaws (31 1967; Sass g,a 1971) ; solid squares represent locations of estimated heat flows (Blackwell, Solid triangles repr5sent locations of Wients, in brackets, determined by Blackwell 1969). flows in microcal/cm sec, gradients in C/km, Tertiary volcanic fields (after Houston 11963))l A = Yellawstone-Abr;aroks) B = Leucite Hills! C = Rattlesnake Hills1 D = Black Hills; J = Jackson Area. See Table 1 for locations of springs and ~8lls.