Action Plan for Rejuvenation of River Kundu of Kurnool District

ACTION PLAN FOR REJUVENATION OF RIVER KUNDU OF KURNOOL DISTRICT

PRIORITY - IV

Approved by: Andhra Pradesh River Rejuvenation Committee

(Constituted in compliance of order of the Hon’ble National Green Tribunal)

Submitted to:

Central Pollution Control Board, Delhi.

CONTENTS

1 Executive Summary 5 2 Introduction. 7 3 Achievable targets as per Hon’ble NGT Directions. 8 4 Identified Polluted River Stretches in the State. 10 5 Action Plan for restoration of polluted river stretches of River Kundu(Priority- 11 IV): 6 Major Towns and Industrial Pockets in the catchment of River Kundu 16 7 Major Drains contributing pollution into River Kundu 17 8 National Water Quality Monitoring Programme (NWMP) along the River 14 Kundu 9 Identification of Sources of Pollution. 11 10 Detailed Gap Analysis. 21-23 Sewage Management. Industrial Effluent Management. Municipal Solid Waste Management. Industrial Hazardous Waste. 11 Monitoring of Action plan 24 River Kundu Rejuvenation Plan. 25-37 Action Plan for management of sewage. Action Plan for management of industrial effluents. Action Plan for Biomedical Waste Management. Action Plan for Construction & Demolition Waste. Action Plan for Groundwater Quality Monitoring. Action Plan for management of utilization of treated sewage. Action Plan for management of solid waste. Action Plan for management of Flood Plain Zone (FPZ). Action Plan for management of greenery development 12 PERT Chart 38 13 Protection Phase Of River Kundu Stretch 39 14 Improvement Phase Of River Kundu Stretch 40 15 Conclusion 41

ABBREVIATIONS

S. No. Acronym Abbreviation 1 CPCB Central Pollution Control Board 2 IDA Industrial Development Area 3 Municipal Administration and Urban Development Department MA&UD 4 NGT National Green Tribunal 5 PHED Public Health & Engineering Department 6 RRC River Rejuvenation Committee 7 RD Rural Development 8 SPCB State Pollution Control Board 9 APPCB Andhra Pradesh State Pollution Control Board 10 UTs Union Territories

S. No. Acronym Abbreviation 1. ASP Activated Sludge Process 2. BGL Below Ground Level 3. BIS Bureau of Indian Standards 4. BOD Bio-chemical Oxygen Demand 5 COD Chemical oxygen demand 6 DPR Detailed project report 7 DO Dissolved oxygen 8 ETP Effluent Treatment Plant 9 FPZ Flood Plain Zones 10 KLD Kilo Liters per Day 11 LPCD Liters per capita per day 12 MLD Million Liters per day 13 MPN Most Probable Number 14 MSW Municipal Solid Waste 15 OCEMS Online continuous effluent monitoring system 16 STP Sewage Treatment Plant 17 TPD Tons Per Day 18 TDS Total Dissolved Solids 19 TOC Total organic carbon 20 TSS Total suspended solids 21. TSDF Treatment storage and disposal facility 22. ULB Urban Local Body 23 ZLD Zero Liquid Discharge

Executive Summary

Executive Summary of Action Plan Restoration of Water Quality of Kundu River

Sr. Description of Item Details No. 1. Name of the identified polluted river and its : Nandyala to Madduru tributaries 2. Is river is perennial and total length of the : polluted river Length- 7 kms 4. No of drains contributing to pollution and : Galeru, Paaleru, Nippuvaagu and Sankalavaagu names of major drains 5. Major Towns on the banks of the river with : Local Body Population population Nandyal town 212640 (as per 2011 census)

6. a. Sewage generation & Treatment in MLD : Total STP Capacity- 10 MLD Total Sewage Generation- 35 MLD b. Total no. of existing STPs and proposed : Existing: 10 MLD STP under progress STPs with total capacities in MLD Proposed:25 MLD

c. Gaps in sewage treatment in MLD : 25 MLD

7. Major industrial estates located with total : 1 No’s of industry no. of industries Waste Management : 8. a. Solid Waste Generation & processing : Solid waste generation-98 TPD Waste to compost plant is proposed for wet waste.

b. Biomedical Waste Generation & : Generation: 144 Kg/day treatment CBMWTF: M/s. Medical Waste Solutions c. E-Waste Management Generation & : E-waste generated of 0.5 TPD by industries is sent treatment to APPCB authorized E-waste Dismatlers/ Recyclers Total estimated budget in crores towards : Preliminary Project Report prepared for implementation of proposed action plans ( construction of 2 STPs with 26 MLD capacity with e.g. No. of STPs, capacity, total cost an estimated cost of Rs.116.40 crores and submitted to GoI to support under NRCP Under AMRUT Phase II 10 MLD STP is sanctioned at a cost of Rs.33.47 Cr and is under progress Whether ‘River Rejuvenation Committee : River Rejuvenation Committee (RRC) constituted (RRC) constituted by the State Govt./UT vide EFS & T Dept., Govt. of AP, vide G. O. Rt. Administration and If so, Date of No. 177, dated 05.12.2018.So far 5 RRC meetings constitution of ‘RRC’. were conducted. Responsible Organisation (s) for : 1. Water Resource & Irrigation Department, implementation of proposed action plans 2. Municipal Administration & Urban Development 3. RWS &S and Public Health Dept. 4. Forests Department.

4 5. AP Pollution Control Board.

Expected deliverables w r to achieving Goals : 1. To achieve 100% sewage collection and treatment 2. To achieve 100% MSW, BMW, E-waste, Hazardous waste, C&D waste collection, transportation and treatment. 3. Quality of river water should meet within the B.O.D standard.

5 Preamble The present action plan has been prepared in deference to the directions given by Hon’ble NGT for taking remedial action for rejuvenation of polluted river stretches in Andhra Pradesh. 1.1 Current Status which led to the NGT order

The Hon’ble NGT noted that there are 351 river stretches in the country in their Order dated 28th September, 2018 in O.A. No.673/2018 regarding monitoring and restoration of water quality of identified polluted river stretches have inter alia directed all States and Union Territories to prepare action plans within two months for bringing all the polluted river stretches to be fit at least for bathing purposes (i.e. BOD< 3 mg/L and FC< 500 MPN/100ml) within six months from the date of finalization of the action plans.

In compliance of the direction of Hon’ble National Green Tribunal, Principal Bench, New Delhi in the matter of news published in “The Hindu” authored by Shri Jacob Koshy, Titled “More river stretches are now critically polluted CPCB”, Government of Andhra Pradesh constituted River Rejuvenation Committee (RRC) for effective abatement of pollution, rejuvenation, protection and management of the identified polluted River stretches under Priority-IV, for bringing the polluted river stretches to be fit at least for bathing purposes within six months from the date of finalization of the action plans. Due care has been taken to prepare the action plan in accordance with the following directions given by NGT.

1.2 Hon’ble NGTs Specific Directives for preparation of action plan

The proposed plan has been prepared covering:

(a) Recognition phase, (b) Restoration phase, (c) Protection phase, and (d) Improvement phase, with speedy, definite, or specific timelines. An attempt has been made that the components of the action plan incorporates and addresses to the extent possible, the points mentioned below Identification of polluting sources and dilution of pollutants in the rivers/streams as per prescribed norms.

• Functional status of STPs/ETPs/CETPs, • Solid waste management and processing facilities, • Trade and sewage generated in the catchment area • Issues related to groundwater extraction, rainwater harvesting, groundwater recharging • Protection and management of Flood Plain Zones (FPZs),

6 • Maintaining minimum environmental flow of the river • Plantations on both sides of the river. • Setting up of biodiversity parks on flood plains • Interception and diversion of sewage carrying drains to the STPs with emphasis on utilization of treated sewage so as to minimise extraction of ground or surface water. • Interventions on watershed and catchment area for conservation and recharge of rainwater.

The following five river stretches have been identified by CPCB for rejuvenation in State of Andhra Pradesh

S. River Stretch BOD range/ No. Name Identified Stretch Max. Values Priority in mg/l 1. Godavari Rayanpeta to Rajamendravaram 3.1-3.4 V 2. Krishna Amaravathi to Hamsala deevi 3.2 V

3. Tungabhadra Mantralayam to Bavapuram 3.2-6.7 IV 4. Kundu Nandyala to Madduru 7.7 IV 5. Nagavali Along Thotapally 3.2 V (Source: River Stretches for Restoration of Water Quality, CPCB, New Delhi)

1.3 Achievable goal:

The objective/goal of the action plan is that the quality of river water should meet with the required value as given under: Quality Parameter Standard to be achieved BOD 3.0 mg/l. Dissolved Oxygen (DO) More than 5.0 mg/l. Faecal Coliform Less than 500 MPN/100ml.

7 RECOGNITION PHASE

1.4 Introduction:

The Kundu River is a tributary of the Penna River in the Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh, India. Originating as a spring near the village of Uppalapadu in Orvakal Mandal of Kurnool District, it goes through many changes before merging with the Penna at Adinimmaya Palli village of Kadapa District.

It is known for frequent floods that bring heavy damage to the Nandyal and Koilkuntla areas, and hence it is popularly called the "Sorrow of Nandyal." But nowadays Nandyal town became a big town with a huge population so that the drainage water is discharged to the Kundu river without prior treatment.

Nandyal is located at 15.48°N 78.05°E it has an average elevation of 203 metres (666 feet). Nandyal is surrounded by hills with the Kundu River on its west, the dense forests of Nallamala Hills to the east and granite mines to the south.

The City is rich in water sources like reservoirs. These give it an equitable climate throughout the year. However, summers can be particularly hot. The average temperature is around 28 °C. The Nandyal town is divided into 30 Revenue wards, the population of the town as per 1961 census is 42,927 and it has increased to 212640 as per 2011 census.

Sl. Salient Features of Data No Town 1 Geographic location 78.48E and 15.480N 2 Altitude 145 m 3 Climate Tropical 4 Temperature Ranging from 22 °C (56.8 °F) to 46 °C (194.8 °F) in the summer and 12 °C (53.6 °F) to 31 °C (87.8 °F) in the winter 5 Rainfall About 505 millimetres (24 in).

The Kundu River drains around 6,000 acres (24 km2) in its flood plains, consisting of 41 villages. It covers 6 assembly constituencies in Kurnool and Kadapa districts. Many streams and brooks, including the Galeru, Paaleru, Nippuvaagu and Sankalavaagu, are the main sources of flood water. Galeru and Paaleru in particular bring heavy flood water from the Nallamala hills. The Kundu is ferocious in the rainy season, particularly during cyclones

The villages and the Nandyal town located close to the Kundu River are affected by frequent floods, incurring heavy losses to properties and farmlands. The farmers in this belt

8 are not guaranteed crops until harvested, as no one can predict the precise arrival of floods. From July to December there are several instances of flooding on this river. In 1994 floods incurred around ₨.60 crores of loss. On 20 August 2000, around midnight, the people of Nandyal were inundated with flood water.

The flood waters diverted from Krishna river from Srisailam reservoir has to reach main Penna river via Kundu river valley only. As the Kundu river plains is prone to flooding at high water discharge, it has become a limiting factor for diverting the Krishna river flood waters to water starved Penna river via Pothireddipadu head regulator.

In compliance to the Hon’ble National Green Tribunal order dated 20.09.2018, 19.12.2018 and 08.04.2019, Central Pollution Control Board has identified the Kundu river stretch from Nandyal to Madduru as polluted river stretch based on the analysis data of Bio- chemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) parameter during the period of four years, 2016, 2017, 2018 & 2019 and categorized as Priority-IV as the BOD value found to be exceeding the standard limit of 3.0mg/lit at some instances between 1 to 7.7 mg/lit The length of the identified polluted stretch is about 7 kms.

In order to improve the river water quality, proposed activities are interception, diversion and treatment of municipal drains, establishment of solid waste processing and disposal facility for Nandyal town, surveillance of water polluting industries, monitoring of drains, prohibition on illegal disposal of waste in river beds, groundwater quality monitoring and recharge of groundwater, plantation in catchment etc.

1.5 Objective of the Action Plan:

To restore the quality of this priority -IV polluted stretch of (Kundu river from Nandyal to Madduru) to be fit for at least bathing purposes from the date of action plan as directed by Hon'ble National Green Tribunal vide its order dated 20th September 2018 passed in the original Application No 673/2018 in the matter of News Item Published In 'The Hindu' Authored By Shri Jacob Koshy Titled " More River Stretches Are Now Critically Polluted: CPCB.

9 1.6 Identified Polluted River Stretch:

Kundu river has been identified as polluted river stretches under Priority IV based on the concentration of BOD, the details of the polluted rivers stretches is given below :

Table 1: Details of the polluted river stretches under Priority IV in the state of Andhra Pradesh

SL. Name of the Identified polluted BOD range Priority Details No rivers/streams stretches wise 1 Kundu River Kundu 7 km 1 IV from Nandyala to to Madduru 7.7 mg/l

1.7 Major Drains Contributing Pollution into River Kundu:

Identified Polluted River stretches in Kurnool District:

Central Pollution Control Board, vide letter no. A-14011 /1/2017-MON-16008, dated 22.12.2017 has identified the Kundu river stretch from Nandyal to Madduru as polluted stretch based on the analysis data of Bio-chemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) parameter during the period of two years, 2016 & 2017 and categorized as Priority- IV as the BOD value found to be exceeding the standard limit of 3.0 mg/lit at some instances between 3.2 and 6.7 mg/lit.

The length of the identified polluted stretch is about 62 kms. Based on the water quality data for the year 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019 which was submitted to the A.P. Pollution Control Board (APPCB), in Madduru, River Kundu has been identified as polluted river stretches under Priority IV based on high concentration of BOD, the details of the polluted rivers stretches is given below:

10 Table 2: Details of the polluted river stretches under Priority IV in the Nandyal town

SL. Name of the Identified BOD Priority Details No rivers/streams polluted range wise stretches 1 Kundu The Kundu River is a tributary of the Polluted 1 to 7.7 IV Penna River in the Rayalaseema stretches are mg/l region of Andhra Pradesh, India. tributaries & Originating as a spring near the village drains of Kundu of Uppalapadu in Orvakal Mandal of in Nandyal Kurnool District, it goes through many town. changes before merging with the Penna at Adinimmaya Palli village of Kadapa District. It is known for frequent floods that bring heavy damage to the Nandyal and Koilkuntla areas, and hence it is popularly called the "Sorrow of Nandyal." But nowadays Nandyal town became a big town with a huge population so that the drainage water is discharged to the Kundu river without prior treatment.

Fig 1: Topo Map showing the Kundu stretch

11 1.9 Major Towns and Industrial Pockets in the Catchment of River Kundu:

Nandyal town which has a total population of 2,12,640 (2011 census) consisting of 30 election wards with 1,14,000 households. River Kundu makes its way into the state of Andhra Pradesh near Bavapuram to maddur and passes through the N a n d y a l Municipality and joins river Penna. There is one water polluting industry, M/s SPY Agro Industries Limited, Udumulapadu (V), Nandyal (M), Kurnool district is located in the vicinity of Kundu river, for which APPCB has not issued permission for discharge of effluents outside the factory premises and industry shall maintain through Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD). There is no industrial discharge into the Kundu river in the above stretch. Twelve (12) MLD of domestic sewage is generated by Nandyal Municipality and the same is being discharged into the river. Nandyal Municipality does not have the facilities for treatment of the sewage generated. The river stretch is being polluted due to the discharge of domestic sewage from Nandyal town. The Nandyal Municipality has proposed to construct 10.0 MLD STP under AMRUT Scheme for the treatment of domestic sewage. The Regional office, Kurnool is following up with Nandyal Municipality to submit their action plan for prevention of contamination of river course with sewage.

12 2.0 Status of Water Quality: National Water Quality Monitoring Programme (NWMP) along the river Kundu: In order to assess the water quality in the state, the Andhra Pradesh Pollution Control Board in collaboration with the Central Pollution Control Board under the National Water Quality Monitoring Programme (NWMP) monitors one station in the river Kundu, which are monitored on a monthly basis.

Water quality monitoring is being carried out by the Andhra Pradesh Pollution Control Board under National Water Quality Monitoring Programme (NWMP), the data collected for the year 2016, 2017, 2018 & 2019 are as given blow:

Under Kurnool District since in the years 2016, 2017, 2018 there are only 2Nos of NWMP stations viz., Nandyal to Maddur in the year 2019, another 2Nos. of NWMP locations viz., Udumumulapadu had traced and are being monitored and analyzed in the river Kundu which are discussed with various parameters in the Tables 1 (a) (b) (c) &( d) given below.

Table 1 (a): Water Analysis report showing different parameters of minimum and maximum values during 2016 is given below:

STATION CODE Sl. No PARAMETERS Kundu - 2351 MIN MAX 1 Dissolved Oxygen 3.7 5.9

2 pH 7.8 8.2

3 Conductivity 529 1291

4 Biochemical Oxygen Demand 1.5 3.5

5 Nitrate 0.7 1.9

6 Fecal Coliform Nil 100

7 Total Coliform 500 800

8 Turbidity 3.3 13.2

9 Bicarbonate as CaCo3 112 252

10 Chlorides 54 156

11 Chemical Oxygen Demand 11 27

13 12 Total Kjeldal Nitrogen BDL BDL

13 Ammonical Nitrogen BDL BDL

14 Hardness as CaCo3 144 308

15 Calcium as CaCo3 84 204

16 Magnesium as CaCo3 52 104

17 Sulphates 59 201

18 Sodium 45 186

19 Total Dissolved Solids 316 896

20 Total Fixed Solids 257 687

21 Total Suspended Solids 10 28

22 Ortho Phosphates BDL 0.2

23 Boron BDL BDL

24 Potassium 2 3

25 Flouride 0.3 0.7

26 % Sodium 37 73

27 SAR 1.5 6.5

a. b. c. Station Code Location District Type 2351 River Kundu at Nandyal Kurnool Category - IV

Interpretation: It is observed that in the year 2016, the values of DO ranging from 3.7 to 5.9, pH is ranging from 7.8 to 8.2, BOD is ranging from 1.5 to 3.5 and total Coliform count is ranging from 500 to 800. Based on the count of total coliform, BOD and other parameters the water quality of above station may be designated as ‘C’ Category as the 4 parameters exceeded the standards of water quality criteria of ‘B’ class as the raw sewage is getting mixed with the river water.

14 Table 1 (b): Water Analysis report showing different parameters of minimum and maximum values during 2017 is given below:

d. STATION CODE Sl. No PARAMETERS Kundu - 2351 MIN MAX 1 Dissolved Oxygen 5 7.2

2 pH 7.6 8.4

3 Conductivity 506 1463

4 Biochemical Oxygen Demand 1.2 7.7

5 Nitrate 0.5 2.5

6 Nitrite BDL 0.2

7 Fecal Coliform Nil 200

8 Total Coliform 500 800

9 Turbidity 1.9 16.4

10 Bicarbonate as CaCo3 148 420

11 Chlorides 46 210

12 Chemical Oxygen Demand 9 59

13 Total Kjeldal Nitrogen BDL BDL

14 Ammonical Nitrogen BDL BDL

15 Hardness as CaCo3 156 328

16 Calcium as CaCo3 92 240

17 Magnesium as CaCo3 48 144

18 Sulphates 38 165

19 Sodium 41 186

20 Total Dissolved Solids 306 867

21 Total Fixed Solids 248 695

22 Total Suspended Solids 11 46

23 Ortho Phosphates BDL 0.5

24 Boron BDL BDL

15 25 Potassium 2 3

26 Flouride 0.6 1

27 % Sodium 35 58

28 SAR 1.4 4.5

e. f. g. Station Location District Latitude Longitude Monitoring h. Code frequency 2351 Kundu at Nandyal Kurnool 15.48˚ 78.05˚ M

Interpretation: It is observed that in the year 2017, the values of DO, pH & Total coliform are meeting the ‘B’ class category. The BOD value exceeded the standard of 3.0 mg/lit of ‘B’ class and reached 7.7 mg/lit in only one month i.e., August 2017, due to very low flow of water in the river. Based on the BOD Value of one month exceeded the water quality of above station may be designated as ‘C’ Category as the raw sewage is getting mixed with the river water. Table 1 (c): Water Analysis report showing different parameters of minimum and maximum values during 2018 is given below: STATION CODE Sl. No PARAMETERS Kundu 2351 MIN MAX 1 Dissolved Oxygen 4.8 7.1

2 pH 7.2 8.21

3 Conductivity 322 1535

4 Biochemical Oxygen Demand 1.2 3.2

5 Nitrate 0.6 6.8

6 Nitrite BDL BDL

7 Fecal Coliform Nil 100

8 Total Coliform 400 900

9 Turbidity 1.5 31.7

10 Bicarbonate as CaCo3 96 340

11 Chlorides 30 227

12 Chemical Oxygen Demand 9 29

13 Total Kjeldal Nitrogen BDL BDL

14 Ammonical Nitrogen BDL BDL

16 15 Hardness as CaCo3 95 320

16 Calcium as CaCo3 65 180

17 Magnesium as CaCo3 30 160

18 Sulphates 24 165

19 Sodium 30 194

20 Total Dissolved Solids 179 884

21 Total Fixed Solids 145 710

22 Total Suspended Solids 11 51

23 Ortho Phosphates 0.2 0.9

24 Boron BDL BDL

25 Potassium 2.5 15

26 Flouride 0.2 1.1

27 % Sodium 40 60

28 SAR 1.3 4.7

Interpretation: It is observed that in the year 2018, the values of pH & Total coliform are meeting the ‘B’ class category. The BOD value exceeded the standard of 3.0 mg/lit of ‘B’ class and reached 3.2 mg/lit in only one month i.e., April 2018, due to very low flow of water in the river. Based on the BOD Value of one month exceedance the water quality of above station may be designated as ‘C’ Category as the raw sewage is getting mixed with the river water. i. Table 1 (d): Water Analysis report showing different parameters of minimum and maximum values during 2019 is given below: STATION CODE Sl. PARAMETERS Kundu 2351 No MIN MAX 1 Dissolved Oxygen 4.2 6.8

2 pH 6.1 7.86

3 Conductivity 311 1673

4 Biochemical Oxygen Demand 1 2.8

5 Nitrate 0.7 1.9

17 6 Nitrite BDL 0.42

7 Fecal Coliform 100 200

8 Total Coliform 400 1200

9 Turbidity 1.2 42.2

10 Bicarbonate as CaCo3 92 390

11 Chlorides 30 206

12 Chemical Oxygen Demand 8 26

13 Total Kjeldal Nitrogen 0.6 1.7

14 Ammonical Nitrogen BDL 1.1

15 Hardness as CaCo3 110 333

16 Calcium as CaCo3 50 172

17 Magnesium as CaCo3 32 185

18 Sulphates 12 210

19 Sodium 21 221

20 Total Dissolved Solids 172 955

21 Total Fixed Solids 140 767

22 Total Suspended Solids 11 124

23 Ortho Phosphates 0.02 4.5

24 Boron 0.07 2.4

25 Potassium 2 14.6

27 Flouride 0.3 1.5

27 % Sodium 29 63

28 SAR 0.9 5.9

Interpretation: Dissolved oxygen (DO) is the amount of oxygen present in the water in the dissolved form. Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a measure of the quantity of oxygen used by microorganisms (e.g., aerobic bacteria) in the oxidation of organic matter. BOD is one of the most important indicators of pollution. For the year 2019, the annual average of BOD and DO at the station of River Kundu at Nandyal, was observed as 2.0 mg/l & 5.8 mg/l. Based on the

18 average value of BOD & DO, the water quality of the above station may be designated as ‘B’ Category as the BOD value is less than 3 mg/l & DO value is more than 5.0 mg/l, due to dilution of the raw sewage i.e., getting mixed with the rain water during the monsoon period.

GAP ANALYSIS: Detail gap analysis with regard to sewage, industrial effluents, waste (municipal solid waste, industrial hazardous waste, biomedical waste, plastic waste, construction and demolition waste) waste management are detailed below: i.Sewage Management: The Nandyal town was originally called Nandalluru. It derives its name from Nandi, the vehicle of Siva. Aalaya means house/ dwelling in Sanskrit. Since it is surrounded by nine nandis it is called Nandi Aalaya which, over period of time, became Nandyala or Nandyal, the present name of the place. These nine temples are Garudanandi, Krishnanandi (also called Vishnunandi), Mahanandi, Naganandi, Prathamanandi, Shivanandi, Somanandi, Suryanandi and Vinayakanandi. The City is a major hub of industry and agriculture. It is rich in natural resources like marble. Nandyal is located at 15.48°N 78.05°E it has an average elevation of 203 meters (666 feet). Nandyal is surrounded by hills with the Kundu River on its west, the dense forests of Nallamala Hills to the east and granite mines to the south. The City is rich in water sources like reservoirs. These give it an equitable climate throughout the year. However, summers can be particularly hot. The average temperature is around 28 °C. The Nandyal town is divided into 30 Revenue wards, the population of the town as per 1961 census is 42,927 and it has increased to 212640 as per 2011 census.The major town attributing to River Kundu is in Nandyal town which are the main contributors of pollution load. According to an official source, at least 40 cusecs of water has to be drawn from Kundu River on round the clock basis to cater to the drinking water needs of 2.2 lakh population of the city. But Kundu River was seen totally dry up with water pools formed here and there.

ii Industrial Effluent Management:

The Kundu River Stretch of Nandyala No. of major and other industries is 02 No’s. Quantity of effluent generation and treatment and disposal details of 1034 KLD. M/s. SPY Agro Industries Ltd., to achieve ZLD, they have provided ETP consisting of primary & secondary treatments, MEE, RO system and spray drier. The officials of APPCB has been monitoring M/s. M/s. SPY Agro Industries Ltd., Udumulapadu Village,

19 Nandyal Mandal, and Kurnool District under Ease of Doing Business and carrying out regular inspections to verify the compliance ZLD. At present, there is no industrial discharges into the Kundu River i.e., from Nandyal to Madduru stretch, only sewage generated from Nandyal Municipality of about 12.0 MLD is being discharged into the river course.

iiiMunicipal Solid Waste Management:

Nandyal municipality solid waste generation is 90 TPD and it is being transported to Nandyal Dump yard, Bheemavaram Road, Nandyal. The Nandyal Municipality has provided vermi composting, box composting, windrow composting and organic convertor for the treatment and disposal of wet waste and also proposed to provide waste energy plant.

Iv Industrial Hazardous Waste:

The River Kundu Stretch Nandyala Industrial Hazardous Waste Management generation about 2100 Tons/annum.The hazardous waste generated from the industries located in the Nandyal Town shall be handled carefully and shall be disposed to landfill, incineration or co-processing at cement plants as authorized by APPCB. The APPCB is inventorizing of Hazardous Waste generating units and issuing authorization of Hazardous waste generating units and compliance monitoring

V Biomedical Waste Management:

Nandyala Town Bio-Medical waste generation and disposal details of 144 Kg/day. No. of Hospitals Govt., Private, Bedded, non-bedded, Primary Health Centers, Committee Health Centers, Quantity of Bio-Medical generation in Nandyala Municipal limits is 85.

All the above, HCFs tied up with Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment & Disposal facility (CBMWTF) operating in the name of M/s. Medical Waste Solutions, Sy.No.200/2 & 202/2, Chetlamallapuram (V), Kallur (M), Kurnool District.

Vi Construction & Demolition Waste:

Nandyala Municipal Limits C&D Waste Management generation about 3000 Kgs/day.

Disposal facilities: Presently there is no proper inventory with regard to the generation of construction and demolition waste, same is required to be carried out

20 to develop adequate infrastructure for management of C&D waste generating in the catchment of river Kundu.

The concerned departments/ULBs have to identify land for disposing off the construction and demolition waste. However, at present the generated construction and demolition wastes are used for filling up in low lying areas.

Vii Groundwater Quality Monitoring:

Groundwater is an important source for drinking as well as for other useful activities. About 70% of the population in Kurnool district depends on groundwater. The groundwater quality management is performed under the provision of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. The National Water Quality Monitoring Programme (NWMP) facilitates evaluation of nature and extent of pollution and effectiveness of pollution control measures, water quality trends and prioritization of pollution control efforts.

21 3.0 MONITORING OF THE ACTION PLAN

In compliance with the order passed on OA No. 673/2018 dated 20.09.2018 by the Hon’ble National Green Tribunal (NGT) Principal Bench, New Delhi, “River Rejuvenation Committee” was constituted by the Governor of Andhra Pradesh, vide Notification No. Order Rt. No.177, dated 05.12.2018

The proposed Action Plans will be monitored by the River Rejuvenation Committee (RRC).

The Committee is functioning under the supervision and coordination of Principal Secretary, Environment, Forests, Science and Technology for preparation and monitoring of action plans for River Rejuvenation of polluted river stretches. Table 19: River Rejuvenation Committee:

Sl. Member of the Committee Designation No.

1 Commissioner, Industries Member

2 Commission & Director, MA&UD Member

3 Member Secretary, APPCB Member Convener

4 Special Secretary to Government Member Environment, Forest, Science & Technology Department

The River Rejuvenation Committee is holding meetings quarterly to review the progress of works as per the action plans.

The Govt., of AP has sanctioned performance guarantee of Rs. 10 Crs vide letter dt 24.02.2020 and submitted to CPCB, as per directions of Hon’ble NGT is enclosed as Annexure.

22 4.0 River Kundu Rejuvenation Plan

a. Action Plan for Management of Sewage: Sewage Treatment Plants (STP) for each town and related drains should be properly designed with the interception and diversion plan.

Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) and its design should be based on its full utilization capacity and ensuring simultaneous house connections to sewers as applicable to each drain and town.

Sewage Treatment Plan should also consider treatment and disposal of sewage from Villages including discharges from toilets constructed under Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.

Hotels/Restaurants particularly located on road-side should not dispose untreated sewage and solid waste into nearby public drain or rivers. Directions will be issued to install a captive ETP and such establishments which do not comply will be regulated and levied with fines in case of any violation.

ACTION PLAN:

Action Plans For present Restoration Of Time status and Acheivable S.No Identified Polluted Targets for or pedency Remarks Target River Streches In Compliance in terms of State % ------10 MLD capacioty of STP work under Commissioning of progress and it will be STPS with State of completed by the end 1 Art technologies of the Aug-2020 and for Remaining including flow capacity of required measuring devices STP DPR was at all salient points prepared and submitted to Govt for sanction and it may be completed by the end of Dec-2020 Laying of new ------This Municipality Sewerage pipelines 2 doesn't sanctioned any & House UGD scheme from the connections Govt STP Sludge ------3 management ---- septage ------4 management It included in STP

23 Utilization of ------After completion of 5 STP's water will be treated sewage utilized for irrigation Ensuring proper ------operation and 6 maintenance of STPS ------The desiltation of Maintenance of drain size less than 300 drains and sewage mm is done daily and 7 for remaining major network including drains desiltation work periodic cleaning is taken once in 15 days ------Awereness programmes are Awareness and conducted regularly to training for the minimize the discharge 8 concerned of sullage water in to authorities water bodies by using water to house gardening Source: Action plan submitted by MA&UD Dept. Gov.t of A.P

2. Action Plan For Management Of Industrial Effluents

(a). All the industries (water polluting) will be directed to have captive ETPs and ensure to compliance to effluent discharge norms. (b). All the water polluting industries will be directed to have online Continuous Effluent Monitoring System (OCEMS). (c). Industries will be directed to adopt best practices to minimize water consumption and for recycling of treat waste water. (d). Provision of waste water treatment system.

ACTION PLAN:

Sl. Proposed Action Plans Proposed Proposed Present Remarks No for Restoration of Achievable Time Status and Identified Polluted Target Targets for or River Stretches in Compliance pendency States/UTs in terms of %

1 Identification of non- --- Not Not As there are no non- complying as well as applicable applicable complying units, illegal illegal units. units operating in the catchment of polluted river stretch i.e., Kundu river in Kurnool district

24 2 Closure Direction for --- Not Not There are no non- non-complying and applicable applicable complying units, illegal illegal units. units operating in the catchment of polluted river stretch i.e., Kundu river in Kurnool district. Hence, No Closure directions were issued.

3 Upgradation of existing ------captive ETPs or construction of new ETPs by individual industries. 4 Commissioning of new --- Not Not No CETP is existing in the CETPs with State of Art applicable applicable Jurisdiction of Kurnool. technologies. 5 Interception & diversion --- Not Not No industry is discharging of industrial effluent applicable applicable the industrial effluents into from drains carrying river stretch i.e., Kundu industrial effluents. river.

However, the Nandyal Municipality is discharging the sewage effluents in to the Kundu River.

6 Installation of OCEMS --- Provided Provided. --- by industries and connectivity of all OCEMS with SPCB/PCC and CPCB server. 7 Upgradation of existing --- Not Not No CETP is existing in the CETPs with State of Art applicable applicable Jurisdiction of Kurnool. technologies. 8 Utilization of treated --- Utilizing the Utilizing --- effluent and reduction Treated the Treated of water consumption effluents effluents by the industries. partially for partially for industrial industrial purposes and purposes partially for and onland partially for application onland application

25 9 Adoption of Zero -- Adopted Adopted --- Liquid Discharge by the industries as per Directions of CPCB. 10 Notification of ETP ------standards. 11 Awareness and training ------for the concerned authorities of O & M of ETPs/CETPs.

3. Action Plan for Management of Solid Waste:

• Implementation of Door-to-Door collection. • Source segregation as biodegradable and non-biodegradable wastes. • Identification of suitable site for setting up common waste processing and secure landfill facility. • Transportation, disposal and treatment facilities of municipal solid wastes generated from town in accordance of provisions of the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016. • Restriction illegal disposal of solid waste along the river bank and flood plain zones. • Prohibition on burning of solid wastes. • Development of integrated solid waste management facility (provision of segregation, treatment,

• compost, pellets making as well as sanitary landfill with leachate treatment provision in

• Accordance with solid waste management rules, 2016 as further amendments made thereof. • Bio-mining and capping of existing municipal dumpsite in accordance with the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016.

26 ACTION PLAN:

S.N Action Plans for Achievable Time Present Remarks o Restoration of Target targets for Status and Identified Polluted Compliance or pendency River Stretches in in terms of States/UTs %

1 Commissioning of All Dry waste i.e 30 TPD Integrated Waste which is coming from the ULB Management Facilities or is send to MRF,Total wet waste Sanitary Land Fills or generated from the ULB is 60 Bio manure or Pellets TPD out of 60 TPD daily 30 making or Waste to Jun-20 - - Energy Plants. TPD is treated by Arobic composting method i.e Box composting and vermi composting and Windrow composting

2 Bio-Mining and capping EOI called for preparation of of existing dump sites. Aug-20 - - DPR for proper processing and disposal of legacy waste

3 Leachate management in including Ground Water The lechate coming from the remediation in the Aug-20 - - waste processing is used to the vicinity of existing gardening and plants at dividers dumpsites. 4 Remediation of any 1)100 % door to door contaminated site in the collection of waste is already catchment of Polluted implemented by this River Stretch. municipality 2) By developing greenery at the banks of the May-20 - 40% river bed 3)By providing screeners at the out let point and middle of the storm water drains to prevent solid waste entry in to the water body

Source: Action plan submitted by MA&UD Dept. Gov.t of A.P

4. Action Plan For Management of Drains & Flood Plain Zone (FPZ):

• Department of Water Resources should identify /demarcate Flood Plain Zone and regulate the activities. Such regulations would also cover; • Plantation in Flood Plain Zone (FPZ). • Checking and removal of encroachments periodically.

27 • Prohibition of disposal of municipal and bio-medical waste particularly in drains; • Notification of the Flood Plain Zones ACTION PLAN: S.No Action Plans for Achievable Time targets Present Remarks Restoration of Target for Status Identified Compliance and or Polluted River pendency Stretches in in terms States/UTs of % Nandyal is the major town in the reach. The Nandyala Bioremediation of 1 Municipal corporation is Drains taking up construction of STP for cleaning the water. Numbers of major and Restoration of medium drains/ natural natural storm river courses are joing 2 water drains for Kundu in the reach. These ensuring natural streams are being flow maintained under O & M activity. Presently, water from Kundu river is being utilized for irrigation through open pumps lifting activity. No major storage facility is available. To overcome this, a storage reservoir on Rajoli village, Chagalamarri mandal of Adoption of good Kurnool district with a 3 Irrigation storage capacity of 2.95 practices TMC is proposed and approved. Similarly, another proposal to create storage of 0.80 TMC of Joladarasi village in Koilkuntla mandal in Kurnool district is approved and is under construction. No erosion of flood plain is Flood Plain Zone observed in the reach. The 4 protection and its flood banks are being management protected as and when found necessary. Rain water Nor applicable harvesting/Ground

5 water recharge

aspects

28 In the Kundu river, numbers of flood days are very meager which will be Maintaining E- observed in peak monsoon 6 flows and water . period only. Hence, to shed management stabilize the flows in the river, two reservoirs one at Rajoli and other at Joladarsi are proposed The encroachments in the Removal of urban areas will be Encroachments to identified and removed in 7 maintain natural co-ordination with flow in drains Revenue and Municipal authorities. Action plan on Biomedical Waste Management:

S.N Action Plans for Achievable Time targets Present Remarks o Restoration of Target for Status Identified Polluted Compliance and or River Stretches in pendency States/UTs in terms of %

1 Commissioning of new --- No No No New Common Biomedical Common Waste Treatment and Biomedical Disposal Facilities Waste (CBMWTF) Treatment and Disposal Facilities (CBMWTDF) is proposed in Kurnool District as the existing facility caters the requirement of the HCFs Located in the Kurnool District.

2 Ensuring disposal of Already 100 % --- generated Biomedical Complied waste through captive measures by the Healthcare Facilities where there is

29 CBMWTF. 3 Implementation of --- Partially 70 % The Regional Barcode system by complied. office Kurnool Healthcare facilities and is pursuing the CBMWTF. CBMWTDF to achieve 100 %

4 Up-gradation of existing -- Already 100 % --- CBMWTF. Complied.

Action Plan on Hazardous Waste Management:

S.N Action Plans for Achievable Time targets Present Remarks o Restoration of Target for Status Identified Polluted Compliance and or River Stretches in pendency States/UTs in terms of %

1 Commissioning of Not Not No Integrated Integrated Hazardous applicable applicable Hazardous Waste Management Waste Facility/Secured Land fill Management facilities / Incinerators. Facility/Secure d Land fill facilities / Incinerators is proposed in the Kurnool District

2 Resource recovery and --- Already 100 -- recycling of Incinerable cement plants waste through Cement are carrying Kilns or Waste to energy out the co- Plants. processing of the hazardous waste in the Cement Kilns

Action plan for E-Waste Management :

S.N Action Plans for Achievable Time targets Present Remarks o Restoration of Target for Status Identified Polluted Compliance and or River Stretches in pendency States/UTs in terms of %

1 E-Waste Nandyal - 2020 -- Awareness is Development of E-waste being created to management facilities or 0.5 TPD the public for Dismantlers or recyclers. seperation and

handing over of E-waste.

2 Development of adequate --- As per EPR ------number of E-waste authorization collection Centers under s 02 EPR. collections centers in Nandyal Town

Action plan for construction & demolition waste:

S.N Action Plans for Achievable Time targets Present Remarks o Restoration of Target for Status Identified Polluted Compliance and or River Stretches in pendency States/UTs in terms of %

1 Commissioning of Nandyal – 2020 Daily --- Construction & 5 TPD Collected Demolitions Waste C & D Management Facility waste is dumped in low laying areas

2 Actions against Nandyal -- -- Manufacturing unregistered or Recycling manufacturing or units in the recycling units ULB is zero

31 Action Plan for Management of Greenery Development:

Action Plan for raising of 24 Km River Bed Plantation (2 Rows, Both Sides) In Staggered Manner At 3mt spacement With A Gap Of 3mt Between Rows And Plants Under A.P.P.C.B. Scheme During 2020-21 To 2023-2024.

I. Introduction: Forests in Andhra Pradesh spread over an area of 37,258 Sq.km which is 23% of the State’s geographical area. Tree cover outside the forests in the State is over 4243 Sq.km which accounts to 3% of the state geographical area. Thus the total area under forests and Tree cover is around 26% of the State’s geographical area. Further, Andhra Pradesh Pollution Control Board (A.P.P.C.B) has communicated the “River Rejuvenation Committee” (RRC) approved action plans for implementation for restoration of water quality in the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) identified polluted river stretches in Andhra Pradesh. The Committee requested the concerned stakeholder Departments to submit the action plan in the prescribed format for the 5 polluted river stretches with budgetary support so as to submit to the C.P.C.B. Kundu river stretch i.e. from Nandyal to Madduru is one of among them. The A.P.P.C.B. authorities have requested the Prl.Chief Conservator of Forests, A.P., Guntur to submit the action plans. Further, the Add.Prl.CCF, Kurnool has also instructed the Divisional Forest Officer, S.F. Kurnool to submit the action plans in the prescribed proforma.

II. Budget Allocations:

A.P.P.C.B. authorities will provide budget and works will be executed by Social Forestry wing duly involving the Vana Samrakshna Samithies (VSS) to provide suitable employment to the VSS people.

The action plan is prepared with reference to the Forest Schedule of Rates for the year 2019-20 of Kurnool Circle with financial outlay of Rs.5.48 crores for raising of 24 km River bed plantation followed by 3 years maintenance. The abstract of action plan/Estimates cost is appended

32 III. Objectives

1. To restore the water quality. 2. To increase the green cover along the river. 3. Improves the ecological conditions of the project area. 4. To fulfil broader objective of sustainability, environmental conservation for the general good of the people. 5. This project will helps in generating suitable employment to the local people and V.S.S. people.

IV. Area Proposed : From Nandyal to Madduru along Kundu river (both sides). It is proposed to raise 24 km river bed plantation during 2020-21 and followed by 3 years maintenance i.e., upto 2023-24.

V. Implementation Mechanism / Methodologies For River Bed Plantation : i. Procurement Of Tall Plants (8”x12”) : Planting of tall seedlings in plantations is very important to ensure better survivals in the plantation. Hence, it is proposed to procure tall seedlings of above 1.50mt height raised in 8”x12” bag seedlings from private nursery centres. The average cost proposed is Rs.200/- each which includes transportation to nearby nursery centres. The seedlings will be procured by calling e-tenders or as per the rates finalized by the Collector & District Magistrate / DWMA Department / any other Departments. ii. Clearing of Unwanted Growth: It was observed that lot of miscellaneous and prosophis growth is existed along the river bed where planting has to be taken up. Hence, it is very essential to clear off the unwanted growth along the river bed to take up plantation and maintaining the same for a period of 3 years. Hence, it is proposed to clear fell the heavy miscellaneous growth as well as prosophis growth along the river bed. The plan is prepared for clearing of the unwanted growth @ 10mt width as per the rates provided in Forest Schedule of Rates of Kurnool Circle for the year 2019-20. It is proposed Rs.29,200/- per ha which includes clearing & uprootal of growth at 50% area as medium growth and 50% of the area as light jungle growth. At

33 the time of execution, the actual amount will be paid depending upon the existing growth.

iii. River Bed Plantation – Method Of Treatment : Under this component an extent of 24 km river bed plantation (both sides) has been proposed with financial outlay of Rs.5.48 crores as shown in Annexure-I, which includes cost of very tall seedlings, clearing of unwanted growth, providing tree guards, watering etc., The unit rate for Raising of avenue plantation (Zero year) and post planting care i.e. 1st to 3rd year Maintenance of avenue plantation are appended as Annexure-II to V. The technique for raising of river bed plantation digging of 0.60 mt3 pits for both rows. The planting will be taken up an espacement of 3mt x 3mt from plant to plant and row to row in staggered manner. Thus, the total number of seedlings to be planted per km is 1332 Nos. The calendar of operations like watering, weeding cum soil working will be taken up as per the provisions in the Forest Schedule of Rates of Kurnool Circle.

VI. Plan Period: 2020-21 TO 2023-24 (4 years)

VII. Location of the Project: Along Kundu river from Nandyal to Madduru.

VIII. Monitoring & Evaluation: An amount of Rs.4.724 lakhs i.e., 1% of the project cost is proposed for monitoring and evaluation of the project.

IX. Creation Of Awareness among Local Institutions: An amount of Rs.23.62 lakhs i.e. 5% of the project cost is proposed for creation of awareness on improvement of green cover along the river bed, conservation of environment etc. through conducting Vanam-Manam, Prakruthi pilustondi programmes in the Govt. institutions like Schools and Colleges etc.,

X. Mission Organization, Operation Maintenance, Contingencies And Over Heads: An amount of Rs.47.241 lakhs is proposed under this component to meet the administrative expenses like maintenance of office such as communication charges, power charges, stationary, maintenance of computer etc., maintenance of Government vehicles, maintenance of Government buildings, remuneration to the supporting staff etc., during the plan period

34 Sl. Proposed Action Plans Proposed Proposed Present Remarks No for Restoration of Achievable Time Status and or Identified Polluted Target Targets for pendency in River Stretches in Complianc terms of % States/UTs e 1 Greenery or plantation on 24 4 years 0 The river both side of the river bed plantation is proposed on both sides of the river with 10mt width.

2 Area covered under - - - - plantation along the river stretch 3 Setting up of bio- - - - - diversity parks

Note: 1. Action Plan for Raising of 24 km River bed plantation along Kundu river from Nandyal to Madduru Period : 2020-21 to 2023-24 2. Abstract Estimate for Greenary or plantation on both sides of the river along Kundu River (Nandyal to Madduru) bed over 24 km

Action Plan for Ground Water

The APPCB follows the Monitoring Protocol as recommended by the Central Pollution Control Board and the Results are referred according to the Indian Standard Drinking Water Specification (Second Revision), BIS 10500:2012. The APPCB is collecting ground water samples in the catchment area of River Kundu

NWMP S. No. Code year pH TDS Nitrate Hardness F Station Bore well 2016-17 7.8 3003 2.8 870 0.95 (near Kundu river), near 2017-18 railway 1518 7.8 2853 3.3 888 1.20 01 bridge, 2018-19 Nandyal, 7.3 3891 18.6 1224 1.40 Kurnool 2019-20 district. 7.0 4529 2.9 1627 1.20

35 Sl. Proposed Action Propose Propose Present Remarks No Plans for d d Time Status Restoration of Achieva Targets and or Identified ble for penden Polluted River Target Complia cy in Stretches in nce terms States/UTs of %

1 Capping of Nil Nil Nil Nandyal to Maddur: Anupur, Ahalyapuram, contaminated S.Kothhur and Maddur of Panyam Ground water mandalam, Rayapadu habitation of Gospadu sources – Hand mandalam, Chapirevula, Pusuluru and pumps, Tube wells Bramhanapalli of Nandyala mandalam and alternate water .Identified 14 Nos of Hand Pumps are supply contaminated the water from these HPs are arrangements for not using for drinking purpose using for drinking purpose other purposes. To these habitations water in GW affected is supplying with alternate arrangements like areas RO Plants, CPWS Schemes etc. No need of Capping 3 Latest water ------RWS & S Department taking River Kundu quality – River, and Ground Water Samples (i.e. from bore tributaries, drains wells , Open wells ) to test Water Quality. and groundwater characteristics in the catchment. 4 Proposed project i) Construction delayed due to delay in works handing over of site by municipal authorities 98% 12 2% of for change in site. Construction of Months work 10MLD STP complet ii)Work stopped as per Government orders under AMRUT ed U.O.Note.No.FIN01-FMU0ASD (WR1) / Phase-II 80/2019(Comp No:898809) Date:29.05.2019 of Finance Department. As the Financial/ Physical progress is less than 25%.

36 5 Average BOD values in River Kundu

4.5 4.3

3.5 3.3 2.9 3 2.6 2.5 2.5 mg/l Nandyal (9998) 2

1.5

0.5

0 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Year wise

9 BOD values in River Kundu

8 7.7

2016 mg/l 4 3.5 3.2 3.2 3.2 3 3 3 2017 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 3 2.52.5 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.3 2018 2 2 2 2 1.7 1.71.8 1.81.8 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.2 1

0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Month wise

37 8 Average DO values in River Kundu

6.8 7 6.6

5.9 6 5.6 5.7

4 mg/l Nandyal (9998) 3

0 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Year wise

120 Average F.Coli in River Kundu 111

100 100

46 Nandyal (9998) MPN/100ml 40 25 20 17

0 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Year wise

12. PERT Chart

Timelines for Action Plan Implementation

Action Plan March- June Sep- Dec202 Marc June- Sep- Dec March May - Nov 0- Feb h- Aug Nov 2021- - May 2020 Aug 202 2021 May 2021 2021 Feb 2022 2020 0 2021 2022 Identification of location for proposed STPs Preparation of DPR Tender finalizationand award of work Set up of STPs Installation of peizometers and rechargeshafts Implementatio n of fecal management with co- treatment facilities at various STPs Water Quality sampling after set up of STPs Flow measurements of all the drains and calculation of E-flow Preparation of final report after the implementation of the action plan

39 13. PROTECTION PHASE OF RIVER TUGHABHADRA STRETCH

After the implementation of the action plan, certain measures need to be undertaken to ensure that the health of the watershed is maintained and ensures smooth functioning of the identified solutions. The protection measures to be undertaken are as follows:

• Regular follow up on the compliance of the implemented action plan by various Stakeholder departments • To ensure smooth functioning of the proposed STPs and river rejuvenation • Assessment of the increase in sewage load to the STPs if any • Assessment of the health of the population (frequency of diseases) before and after the implementation of the action plan (restoration phase) • Awareness through Educational Institutions for protection and improvement of surrounding environment • Awareness programmes by the State Government at each level in the towns and villages about the protection of the environment • Rehabilitation of slums along the river stretch Frequent checking of encroachments of the catchment areas around the freshwater lakes/ Cleaning of the storm water drains before meeting the River • Checking of constructions on flood plains and reallocation of all the settlements on the flood plain zone • Plantation along the banks of the polluted river stretch • Involvement of the public, private and Industrial sector in maintaining the river water quality • Inspection on the proper management of the waste management to avoid public health problems 14. IMPROVEMENT PHASE OF RIVER TUGHABHADRA STRETCH

The improvement phase involves up-gradation/modification of the implemented measures in all sectors of the identified problems. The improvement phase includes the following: • Community mobilization and stakeholder consultations on continuous basis • Formation of river community management groups • Creation of public spaces, jogging track along the river stretch • Improvement in the river water quality to match the outdoor bathing standards

40 • Plantation of indigenous species to restore the soil quality and enhance the water adsorption capacity and control soil erosion • Approved Action plans are proposed to be placed on website to involve educational and other institutions and the public at large. 15. CONCLUSION:

As per the NWMP data for the years from 2014-19, it was observed that F.Coli levels are less than 500 MPN/100 ml. The BOD levels recorded are less than 3 mg/l except in the month of Aug, 2017. As the BOD and F. Coli levels are within the outdoor bathing standards, during the years 2018 & 2019, it is requested that Kundu River Stretch may be deleted from the list of Priority-IV of 351 Polluted River Stretches identified.

ANNEXURES

1. Action plan received from A.P Water Resource &Irrigation

43 . ACTION PLAN FOR Raising OF 24 km River bed plantation along Kundu river from Nandyal to Madduru Period : 2020-21 to 2023-24

UNDER FOREST SCHEME

IN SOCIAL FORESTRY DIVISION, KURNOOL.

44 Action Plan For Raising Of 24 Km River Bed Plantation (2 Rows, Both Sides) in Straggered Manner At 3mt spacement with a Gap Of 3mt Between Rows And Plants Under A.P.P.C.B. Scheme During 2020-21 To 2023-2024.

I. INTRODUCTION : Forests in Andhra Pradesh spread over an area of 37,258 Sq.km which is 23% of the State’s geographical area. Tree cover outside the forests in the State is over 4243 Sq.km which accounts to 3% of the state geographical area. Thus the total area under forests and Tree cover is around 26% of the State’s geographical area. Further, Andhra Pradesh Pollution Control Board (A.P.P.C.B) has communicated the “River Rejuvenation Committee” (RRC) approved action plans for implementation for restoration of water quality in the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) identified polluted river stretches in Andhra Pradesh. The Committee requested the concerned stakeholder Departments to submit the action plan in the prescribed format for the 5 polluted river stretches with budgetary support so as to submit to the C.P.C.B. Kundu river stretch i.e. from Nandyal to Madduru is one of among them.

The A.P.P.C.B. authorities have requested the Prl.Chief Conservator of Forests, A.P., Guntur to submit the action plans. Further, the Add.Prl.CCF, Kurnool has also instructed the Divisional Forest Officer, S.F. Kurnool to submit the action plans in the prescribed proforma.

II. BUDGET ALLOCATIONS:

A.P.P.C.B. authorities will provide budget and works will be executed by Social Forestry wing duly involving the Vana Samrakshna Samithies (VSS) to provide suitable employment to the VSS people.

III. OBJECTIVES 1. To restore the water quality. 2. To increase the green cover along the river. 3. Improves the ecological conditions of the project area. 4. To fulfil broader objective of sustainability, environmental conservation for the general good of the people. 5. This project will helps in generating suitable employment to the local people and V.S.S. people.

IV. AREA PROPOSED : From Nandyal to Madduru along Kundu river (both sides). It is proposed to raise 24 km river bed plantation during 2020-21 and followed by 3 years maintenance i.e., upto 2023-24.

V. IMPLEMENTATION MECHANISM / METHODOLOGIES FOR RIVER BED PLANTATION : iv. PROCUREMENT OF TALL PLANTS (8”x12”) : Planting of tall seedlings in plantations is very important to ensure better survivals in the plantation. Hence, it is

45 proposed to procure tall seedlings of above 1.50mt height raised in 8”x12” bag seedlings from private nursery centres. The average cost proposed is Rs.200/- each which includes transportation to nearby nursery centres. The seedlings will be procured by calling e-tenders or as per the rates finalized by the Collector & District Magistrate / DWMA Department / any other Departments.

v. CLEARING OF UNWANTED GROWTH: It was observed that lot of miscellaneous and prosophis growth is existed along the river bed where planting has to be taken up. Hence, it is very essential to clear off the unwanted growth along the river bed to take up plantation and maintaining the same for a period of 3 years. Hence, it is proposed to clear fell the heavy miscellaneous growth as well as prosophis growth along the river bed. The plan is prepared for clearing of the unwanted growth @ 10mt width as per the rates provided in Forest Schedule of Rates of Kurnool Circle for the year 2019-20. It is proposed Rs.29,200/- per ha which includes clearing & uprootal of growth at 50% area as medium growth and 50% of the area as light jungle growth. At the time of execution, the actual amount will be paid depending upon the existing growth.

vi. RIVER BED PLANTATION – METHOD OF TREATMENT : Under this component an extent of 24 km river bed plantation (both sides) has been proposed with financial outlay of Rs.5.48 crores as shown in Annexure-I, which includes cost of very tall seedlings, clearing of unwanted growth, providing tree guards, watering etc., The unit rate for Raising of avenue plantation (Zero year) and post planting care i.e. 1st to 3rd year Maintenance of avenue plantation are appended as Annexure-II to V. The technique for raising of river bed plantation digging of 0.60 mt3 pits for both rows. The planting will be taken up an espacement of 3mt x 3mt from plant to plant and row to row in staggered manner. Thus, the total number of seedlings to be planted per km is 1332 Nos. The calendar of operations like watering, weeding cum soil working will be taken up as per the provisions in the Forest Schedule of Rates of Kurnool Circle.

XI. PLAN PERIOD: 2020-21 TO 2023-24 (4 years) XII. LOCATION OF THE PROJECT: Along Kundu river from Nandyal to Madduru. XIII. MONITORING & EVALUATION : An amount of Rs.4.724 lakhs i.e., 1% of the project cost is proposed for monitoring and evaluation of the project. XIV. CREATION OF AWARENESS AMONG LOCAL INSTITUTIONS: An amount of Rs.23.62 lakhs i.e. 5% of the project cost is proposed for creation of awareness on improvement of green cover along the river bed, conservation of environment etc. through conducting Vanam-Manam, Prakruthi pilustondi programmes in the Govt. institutions like Schools and Colleges etc., XV. MISSION ORGANIZATION, OPERATION MAINTENANCE, CONTINGENCIES AND OVER HEADS : An amount of Rs.47.241 lakhs is proposed under this component to meet the administrative expenses like maintenance of office such as communication charges, power charges, stationary, maintenance of computer etc., maintenance of Government vehicles, maintenance of Government buildings, remuneration to the supporting staff etc., during the plan period sd Divisional Forest Officer, Social Forestry Division, Kurnool.

46 GOVERNMENT OF ANDHRA PRADESH WATER RESOURCES DEPARTMENT

From To Sri R.Muralinatha Reddy, M.Tech., The Junior Scientific Officer, Chief Engineer (P) & DWRO, A. P. Pollution Control Board, Water Resources Department, Central Laboratory, Kurnool. Vijayawada.

Lr.No. CE(P) & DWRO/WRD KNL/ DCE/DEE5/AEE6/ Dated: -2020

Sub: Water Resources Department – Polluted River Stretches (OA No.673/2018 of Hon’ble NGT) – Meeting held on 05-03-2020 – Information submitted – Regd. Ref: Your letter dated 06.03.2020 forwarded to this office by the Engineer-In- Chief(Irrigation), WRD, A.P by e-mail. *** With reference to your letter cited, it is to inform that there are two medium irrigation projects under this unit in Kurnool District and these projects are not included in the polluted river stretches already identified in Kurnool District.

S.No. Medium Irrigation Project River Strecth 1. SANJEEVIAH SAGAR (Gajuladinne Project) HUNDRI RIVER 2. SHIVA BHASHYAM SAGAR (VARADARAJA SWAMY Munimadugula Vagu GUDI) PROJECT

This is submitted for information and necessary action. Yours Faithfully

sd Chief Engineer (P) & DWRO, Water Resources Department, Kurnool.