Innovation & Research policy briefi ng pp. 19-36 Indigenous When a Steven Pinker brings his Tony Dean: nurses well-liked message of hope to Trudeau on Bill C-45, to respond to MP dies p. 41 a Canadian TRC’s Call to too young model of Action p. 18 HOH: cannabis More reaction Daniel reform Dale p. 4 Hill Climbers: to Gord Brown’s comes to Morneau promotes directors p. 45 death pp. 14-15 p. 2 TWENTY-NINTH YEAR, NO. 1530 CANADA’S POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT NEWSPAPER MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 $5.00

News Money & Politics News Elections Act News Cannabis Bill Conservatives’ top Senate Q1 fundraising Liberals’ major new federal reveals strong committee split base, backlash elections bill to undercut on amendment to Liberal gaffes, to delay strategists say Conservatives’ spending cannabis bill BY PETER MAZEREEUW

enators on the committee advantage during campaigns Sstudying the government’s controversial cannabis legaliza- The creation of a pre-writ period with a spending limit will also push parties tion bill are divided so far on whether to recommend that to start running political ads well before the campaign offi cially begins. legalization be delayed by a year, and on how many amendments to the bill should be sent back to the What the Elections House of Commons. ’s party is leading the Modernization Act does, The Senate Social Affairs pack on fundraising, again. The Hill Committee received reports from Times photograph by Andrew Meade and doesn’t do three other committees study- ing portions of the bill last week, Does do: BY SAMANTHA WRIGHT ALLEN which altogether recommended • Requires political parties to share their privacy policies with Elections Canada, and make clear he Conservatives pounced Continued on page 40 Ton message misfi res by how information from members of the public is the Trudeau Liberals this last being collected, used, and protected fi nancial quarter, crafting quick • Increases the amount of child care expenses dur- responses that resonated along- ing a campaign for which qualifying candidates can side strong donor microtargeting be reimbursed from 60 per cent to 90 per cent to pull in a whopping $6-million, • Caps the length of an election period at 50 days News AFN nearly double the Grits’ haul for or less 2018’s fi rst quarter, say Conserva- • Removes a pro-rated increase to party spending Question of AFN’s tive strategists. limits for election periods for each day beyond The Conservatives say they 37 days role, relationship have Prime Minister Justin • Allows voter ID cards to be accepted as valid Trudeau’s (Papineau, Que.) public identifi cation at polling stations with government opinion slump to thank as much • Increases the number of hours advance polling as their own savvy messaging station stay open to 12 expected to be tactics for a strong fundraising • Allows at-home voting for people with disabilities start to 2018. • Allows Canadian citizens permanently living deciding factor The latest quarter shows the abroad to vote Conservatives well ahead of the • Reduces from $500 to zero the amount foreign in upcoming Liberals, raking in $6,010,812 entities can spend to infl uence elections from 40,184 contributors com- • Bars organizations that sell advertising space from knowingly accepting political ads from foreign national chief race pared to the Grits’ $3,307,772 Big changes: Acting Democratic Institutions Minister introduced entities from 28,960, according to Elec- the Elections Modernization Act in the House on April 30. The wide-ranging • Creates a pre-writ period, beginning on June BY LAURA RYCKEWAERT Publications Mail Agreement #40068926 tions Canada. In distant third, bill changes rules for privacy, campaigning, and advertising for political 30, with a cap on partisan political ad spending by the NDP raised $1,372,760 from parties and other organizations. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade political parties and third party organizations 16,132 donors. he Assembly of First Na- tions will vote to decide on The fi rst quarter coincided long-held fundraising advantage T BY PETER MAZEREEUW Does not do: its national chief for the next with what some have called a in the 2019 election. • Create the promised independent commissioner three years in July, and with four mid-mandate dip in Liberal sup- Bill C-76, the Elections Mod- he government’s major new to organize TV campaign debates between party names currently in the ring, de- port, in part brought on by gaffes ernization Act, will also establish elections bill will scrap the leaders bate over the AFN’s raison d’être from the governing party affect- T a spending limit for at least two rising cap on spending by politi- • Require political parties to show receipts for and its relationship with the fed- ing public opinion, including months before a federal elec- cal parties during long election expenses they claim reimbursement for eral government are expected to the India trip. The “resoundingly tion, which could push parties campaigns, a move that could • Put political parties under the domain of federal once again help shape the race. limit how the opposition Conser- fl ush with cash to start running privacy legislation Continued on page 17 vatives can capitalize on their Continued on page 16 Continued on page 38 2 MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 | THE HILL TIMES

Writers’ Trust, and celebrates and honours some of the best political books of the year. Otherwise known in some quarters as Separated at birth, eh? “Ottawa’s nerd prom,” Politics & the Pen is hosted at the Château Laurier annually Heard on the Hill and always draws authors, MPs, cabinet ministers, Hill staffers, journalists, diplo- mats, and lobbyists. by Shruti Shekar The award, now in its 18th year, is named after the late Liberal MP Eliza- beth Shaughnessy Cohen, who was first elected in 1993 and represented the riding of Windsor-St. Clair, Ont., for five Ottawa’s ‘nerd prom’ years and was well-liked on the Hill. She It’s like they’re twins: Bravo’s Project died in December 1998 after collapsing Runway’s Tim Gun, left, looks a lot in the House Chamber as a result of a like Natural Resources Minister Jim brain aneurysm. Carr. Photograph courtesy of Face- Politics & the Pen happens This year, the gala will be hosted by book and The Hill Times photograph Government House Leader and Small Busi- by Andrew Meade ness and Tourism Minister Bardish Chag- ger and NDP Leader . Wednesday night Last year’s $25,000 award was won This year’s World Press Freedom award by Kamal Al-Solaylee author of Brown: went to The Independent’s Justin Brake, who reported on Indigenous protesters That’s a good What Being Brown in the World Today breaking through the gate and occupying one Scott: Rona Means (to Everyone), published by Harper- the Muskrat Falls hydroelectric project in Ambrose, who Collins Canada. Labrador in 2016. Honourable mentions was then acting The nominees this year include went to National Observer’s Mike De Conservative leader, Star reporter Tanya Talaga for Seven Fallen Souza for his reporting on the National En- and Treasury Board Feathers: Racism, Death, and Hard Truths ergy Board, and CBC ’s Charles President Scott in a Northern City; CBC radio host Carol Rusnell, Jennie Russell, and Gary Cunliffe Brison, killed it with Off for All We Leave Behind: A Reporter’s for reporting on health and wellness in their jokes at last Journey into the Lives of Others; Sandra . year’s Politics & the Perron for Out Standing in the Field: A

Pen gala last year. Memoir by Canada’s First Female Infantry This year’s hosts are Offi cer; Ted Rowe for Robert Bond: The More than 300 celebrate Government House Greatest Newfoundlander; and Christo- Leader Bardish pher Dummitt for Unbuttoned: A History Asian Heritage Month Chagger and NDP of Mackenzie King’s Secret Life. Leader Jagmeet at Hill event hosted by Singh. The Hill Times fi le photograph Paul Dick, former Minister Joly ne of political Ottawa’s social events The award is given out every year by Mulroney-era cabinet More than 300 people came together at Oof the year is just around the corner, the Writers’ Trust of Canada to the author minister, has died the Sir John A. Macdonald Building last so get out your ball gowns and tuxedos of a book who captures a political subject Tuesday evening to celebrate the start of people, because Politics & the Pen is this that is of relevance to Canadian readers Former Progressive Conservative fed- Asian Heritage Month in Canada. Wednesday and the winner of the highly and has the ability to shape or infl uence eral politician Paul Dick died of a heart at- The event, hosted by Heritage Minister coveted Shaughnessy Cohen Prize for thinking on Canadian politics. The event is tack in his home on May 2 at the age of 77. Mélanie Joly, drew in many MPs, staffers, Political Writing will be announced. held to celebrate and to raise money for the Mr. Dick served six terms as the MP for politicos, and Canadians representing dif- Lanark-Renfrew-Carleton, Ont., between ferent communities. 1972 and 1993. He was appointed to cabi- This year is the 30th anniversary of net in Brian Mulroney’s government in the Canadian Multiculturalism Act, which Notice of Appointment – Dr. Mitch Taillon 1986, serving as the associate minister of recognizes and promotes multiculturalism national defence, minister of supply and that is fundamental to Canadian Heritage. services, and minister of public works over Ms. Joly later delivered remarks to the the seven years that followed. guests. There were also a bunch of gor- The Canadian Dental Association (CDA) geous cultural performances. is pleased to announce the appointment of Liberal MPs , Sven Spenge- Dr. Mitch Taillon as the CDA President ’s Daniel Dale mann, , Gary Anandasan- for 2018-2019. Dr. Taillon graduated garee, , Geng Tan, and Shaun tells reporters it’s more Chen were all the party. Petronila Garcia, from dental school at the University of ambassador of Philippines, and Inés Mar- Saskatchewan in 1984 and practiced important than ever now tínez Valinotti, ambassador of Paraguay, general dentistry in Assiniboia, SK. were both chatting with Liberal MP Anita to call out the truth Vandenbeld. Dr. Taillon was elected to the council The Toronto Star’s Washington, D.C., of the College of Dental Surgeons of correspondent Daniel Dale, who has Annual Doug Finley Saskatchewan in 2003 and was elected 318,000 followers on , told a crowd as the President of the College in 2008 of 280 people gathered for World Press Dinner draws a crowd at and 2009. Dr. Taillon was appointed to Freedom Day in Ottawa last week, that the Canadian Dental Association Board now more than ever, we should “call out” Canadian War Museum the truth, and that reporters, “should do it of Directors in 2010 and elected Vice with every leader including , It was a full house this year at the annu- President of CDA in 2016. our premiers, and our mayors.” al Doug Finley Dinner, which was hosted During his speech, Mr. Dale said he on May 1 at the Canadian War Museum. As CDA President, Dr. Taillon will lead began fact-checking U.S. President Donald Garry Keller, former chief of staff to the organization in its mandate as the Trump in September 2016, two months Conservative Party leader , national voice for dentistry, dedicated before he was named the president. tweeted about his time at the event. He jokingly said he normally spends “Packed house at the 4th annual Doug to the advancement and leadership of a 23 hours a day fact-checking the 45th Finley dinner…thanks Diane for sharing unified profession and to the promotion of president, and in the 24th hour, he is usually him with all of us!” Mr. Keller tweeted on optimal oral health, an essential component bombarded by Hillary Clinton support- May 1. of general health. He looks forward to ers asking why he’s not claiming that Mr. The Doug Finley Annual Dinner is meeting with MPs and government officials Trump is a liar. hosted to honour the late national cam- during CDA’s Days on the Hill this week. “We as reporters have to stick to what paign director of the Conservative Party is true when Donald Trump or any politi- and Senator, Doug Finley. It’s attended cal leader says anything. [They] should be by almost every Conservative MP, former challenged every time,” Mr. Dale said, telling and current staffers, party members, and the journalists in the room that if a politician lobbyists. says the same inaccurate statement on more Mr. Finley died from cancer at age than one occasion “we should call it out every 66 in 2013. He was appointed a Senator time, even if it seems boring or pedantic.” by then prime minister Mr. Dale said reporters need to be “ag- in 2009. His wife, Conservative MP and gressive crusaders of truth and fact in a former Harper-era cabinet minister way that we always haven’t been comfort- , was fi rst elected in 2004 able with” because people like Mr. Trump and represents the riding of Haldimand- have caused a “systematic assault on truth” Norfolk, Ont. and “a systematic assault on the credibility [email protected] of truth tellers.” @shurti_shekar We all deserve a Tout le monde place to call home mérite un chez-soi

&DQDGDȇVȴUVWHYHU1DWLRQDO+RXVLQJ /DWRXWHSUHPLªUH6WUDW«JLHQDWLRQDOH 6WUDWHJ\LVD\HDUELOOLRQSODQWR VXUOHORJHPHQWGX&DQDGDHVWXQSODQ JLYHPRUH&DQDGLDQVDFFHVVWRD΍RUGDEOH GHPLOOLDUGVGHGROODUVVXUDQVYLVDQW KRXVLQJWKDWPHHWVWKHLUQHHGV ¢GRQQHU¢SOXVGH&DQDGLHQVXQDFFªV ¢XQORJHPHQWDERUGDEOHTXLU«SRQGH¢ Learn more at OHXUVEHVRLQV placetocallhome.ca Renseignez-vous davantage à chezsoidabord.ca 4 MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 | THE HILL TIMES Opinion Bill C-45: a characteristically Canadian model of cannabis reform

Justice Minister Jody The Canadian model Wilson-Raybould is the lead minister of cannabis reform is on the legalization focused on improving of marijuana. After 45-years of research public health and and refl ection it’s clear that Canada protecting our kids. It has taken its time. Colorado had only will be constrained, ISG Senator Tony Dean 14 months to design conservative, and Opinion and launch a new legal cannabis refl ective of middle- regime. Canada’s ARLIAMENT HILL—Canada is on track fully developed ground Canadian values. Pto legalize and strictly regulate cannabis model will spend some time in the next few months. the same amount of time just being scrutinized by both Houses of Parliament, writes Senator Tony Dean. The Hill Times fi le photograph

This is not without controversy, but we mendations have since been supported by are not going to see the sort of Wild West Canada’s renowned Centre for Addiction BECAUSE model that unfolded rapidly in Colorado and Mental Health. and other U.S. states. Canada is already a global leader in the The Canadian model of cannabis production and distribution of medical can- reform is focused on improving public nabis, both domestically and international- health and protecting our kids. It will be ly. Canadian companies sell medical-qual- constrained, conservative, and refl ective ity cannabis to several countries including PEOPLE ARE of middle-ground Canadian values. It will Germany, Australia, and New Zealand. be tailored to Canadian experience with After 45-years of research and refl ec- the use of cannabis, and will refl ect the ex- tion it’s clear that Canada has taken its tensive consideration Canada has already time. Colorado had only 14 months to given to drug reforms and lessons learned design and launch a new legal cannabis re- from other jurisdictions. gime. Canada’s fully developed model will PARTIAL TO Unlike referendum-driven legalization spend the same amount of time just being which caught some U.S. states off-guard, scrutinized by both Houses of Parliament. Canada’s reforms are government-led and Canada has also been much more based on the advice of an expert panel proactive than states such as Colorado in which included a former minister of Health launching public education campaigns on and current chief medical offi cer of Health. cannabis and in measuring pre-legalization IMPARTIAL Canada’s model puts public educa- consumption, modes of use, and how much tion and harm reduction front and centre. users pay for the drug. This was a late afterthought in the U.S. An education campaign launched in No- Our model will also be more restrictive in vember 2017 has reached millions of young regulating the sale of cannabis products, in Canadians and is just getting started. One- its approach to advertising, and in the sig- hundred-and-ten-million dollars have been nifi cant focus it places on health warnings earmarked in the 2018 budget for an ongo- INSURANCE at the point of sale. ing campaign, which will be supplemented How did we get here? by provincial and territorial initiatives. First, the proposed reforms are designed Statistics Canada has been benchmark- to tackle the easy availability and wide- ing several aspects of cannabis so that spread use of cannabis in Canada—and post-legalization impacts can be measured particularly by the one-in-fi ve 15-19 year consistently over time and reported regu- ADVICE. olds, and one-in-three 20-24 year olds, who larly. have used cannabis. And Canada’s proposed regulations on Canada’s teens are among the highest health warnings, packaging, and advertis- users of cannabis in the world and there ing are also much tighter than those in U.S. Why do so many Canadians count on an is broad consensus that health risks are states. greatest when cannabis is used frequently In sum, our Canadian road to legaliza- insurance broker? Because when it comes to and heavily in these early years. tion is, by design, a more cautious and con- There is also agreement that criminal- servative approach to reform. And caution finding just the right coverage, they can rely izing cannabis possession, which has is warranted. on receiving expert, impartial advice. Learn resulted in lifelong criminal records for As we continue examining Bill C-45 in tens of thousands of Canadians, has to be the Senate, questions remain about a pro- more at findabroker.ca. addressed. posal to allow home cultivation of canna- The government also wants to disrupt bis, the proposed decriminalization of pos- Canada’s massive illegal cannabis market session of small amounts of cannabis by valued at north of $6-billion annually (on younger Canadians, and on the potential par with Canada’s domestic wine industry). impacts of cannabis reform for Indigenous Second, cannabis reform is not new to and other racialized Canadians. Canada, giving policy makers a head start Senators should work together on the in drafting the revised law. remaining issues on cannabis reform with INSURANCE BROKERS The Le Dain Commission recommended a view to fi nding the best outcomes for pot reform in 1972, followed by a 2002 Sen- Canadians. ate report chaired by then-Conservative I’m saying let’s do this the Canadian way. ASSOCIATION OF CANADA Senator Pierre Claude Nolin. He concluded Independent Senator Tony that legalizing and regulating cannabis Dean is part of the Independent Senators would be safer for young Canadians than Group. continuing to prohibit it. Nolin’s recom- The Hill Times

6 MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 | THE HILL TIMES Opinion

Innovation Minister , Canada’s economic in launching the government’s innovation agenda, declared we don’t future depends on need any more studies. He was dead wrong, writes David Crane. Trudeau government’s The Hill Times photograph by innovation strategy Andrew Meade

the productivity growth needed to sustain There’s no question the and improve our standard of living, with Trudeau government little evidence this will improve, our busi- nesses have been cutting back on research has opened the spending and development and seem unwilling to do much more, and, because of our ongoing taps. While the federal trade defi cits, we are running chronic cur- rent account defi cits in our dealings with government’s initiatives the rest of the world. are certain to have Moreover, we are not living in isolation. clusters—ocean technologies, artifi cial in- in Canada to hire Canadian talent and Around the world, from the U.S., Europe, telligence and robotics, advanced manufac- acquire promising AI startups, developing some positive benefi t and Japan to Russia, China and India, turing, protein industries and digital tech- intellectual property for their U.S. parents, there is a race underway to be innovation nologies—are expected, in Bains’ words, to rather than seeing Canada’s AI investment for Canada’s innovation leaders. Vast sums of money are being create “global market leaders” and make leading to successful scaled-up Canadian spent to become innovation leaders. So Canada “a global innovation superstar.” AI companies developing jobs and wealth capacity, whether they competing in innovation will not be easy. There can’t help but be some positive in this country. While the Liberals have embraced the results from this activity. But whether or This points to a wider problem. While will go far in closing innovation challenge since forming the not each cluster becomes “a world-leading there is much political infatuation with our innovation gap with government, what’s troubling is the lack of innovation hotbed” is far from certain. start-ups, the real challenge is to grow the any analysis of how the world of innova- Separating hype from reality is a problem. best startups into scaled up companies the world’s leading tion is changing and how we can best re- After Bains announced his superclusters generating sales of $100-million or more spond. Innovation Minister Navdeep Bains, would create a minimum of 50,000 jobs so they can become sustainable Canadian innovation nations is in launching the government’s innovation over the next decade, his department businesses and establish a global pres- agenda, declared we don’t need any more stonewalled repeated requests to explain ence. An initiative to facilitate the scale up another question. studies. He was dead wrong. There’s still how this number was arrived at or to de- of companies is still a gap in innovation much we don’t know about innovation or scribe the assumptions behind it. Perhaps policy. Without successful scaling of our why Canada, despite individual successes, it’s just a guess. best startups they will die or be sold to is still a middle-tier country in innovation. The other major pool of money that foreign corporations, with Canada losing Robert Gordon, a leading U.S. expert on Bains has is the $1.26-billion over fi ve the potential benefi ts of their success. In innovation, argues that things are differ- years in his Strategic Investment Fund. It fact, the Trudeau government froze for its ent today and improving productivity may is not so much new money but rather com- fi rst two years the base budget of Canada’s be much more diffi cult. Our government bines a number of older funds supporting most effective programme helping small doesn’t seem to understand that. Instead, the aerospace and automotive industries and midsize businesses developer advance there’s too much talk of Canada as “a glob- and funding technology demonstration their technologies, the Industrial Research al innovation superstar,” without acknowl- projects. The funding is now available to and Assistance Program. Budget 2018 did edging what it would take for Canada to a wider range of industries for support of allocate an additional $700-million to IRAP David Crane achieve “superstar” status. $10-million or more for major innovation over fi ve years. But this is far less gener- Canada & the 21st Century There’s no question, though, that the projects. So far it has funded 16 projects ous than it sounds because the government Trudeau government has opened the totalling $286.2-million. This is not a new has assigned it business grants of up to spending taps. Several billion dollars are approach—Ottawa has been doing this $10-million that used to be handled by the ORONTO—Canada’s economic future committed to development, demonstration, kind of thing for several decades. Strategic Innovation Fund. Tdepends on our success at becoming and installation of clean energy technolo- Perhaps the most important sec- While the Trudeau government’s initia- much better at innovation, which is why the gies, nearly a billion dollars for so-called tor initiative in Bains’ portfolio is the tives are certain to have some positive Trudeau government’s innovation strategy superclusters, and other funding for agri- $125-million Pan-Canadian Artifi cial benefi t for Canada’s innovation capacity, is so important. The question is whether it food, smart cities, artifi cial intelligence, Intelligence Strategy, with the funding to whether they will go far in closing our will be more successful than efforts of pre- genomics and university and college be divided between university-based AI innovation gap with the world’s leading vious governments since this is not a new research. There is an apparent assumption research institutes in Montreal, Toronto, innovation nations is another question. challenge. Remember the Mulroney govern- that by spending more, innovation will and Edmonton. Canada has reason to be Here the jury can only be out because it is ment’s Prosperity Initiative, the Chrétien happen. proud of the quality of its AI research simply too soon to tell. In the meantime, government’s Innovation Agenda and the Bains’ biggest new initiative is his and talent, making this a sector worthy of let’s have less boasting about Canada as a Harper government’s Mobilizing Science so-called superclusters plan, in which support. But the risk is that much of the global innovation superstar. and Technology to Canada’s Advantage? $950-million is being divided between benefi t will accrue to U.S. Big Tech compa- David Crane can be reached at crane@ What makes our success in innovation fi ve winning clusters over fi ve years, to be nies like Apple, Amazon and Microsoft, interlog.com. even more critical today is that we lag in matched by private-sector funds. The fi ve which are setting up R&D branch plants The Hill Times

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Spin Doctors By Laura Ryckewaert Feature Canada’s airports are crucial “The House Trade Committee has recommended to the economic vitality the federal government make e-commerce platforms like Netfl ix subject to sales taxes. o=|_;1oll†mbࢼ;v|_;‹v;uˆ;ĸ Should this be acted on? Why or why not?” ˆb|-Ѵ1olrom;m||o|_;1o†m|u‹Ľv|u-mvrou|-ঞombm=u-v|u†1|†u;ķ

will continue to engage in multilateral Canada’s airports support ƐƖƓķƏƏƏ7bu;1|fo0v and generate CAMERONCAM AHMAD reviews. . “G20 countries agree that international ŪƓѶ0bѴѴbombm7bu;1|;1omolb1-1ঞˆb|‹ Liberal strategist cooperation is needed to harness the oppor- tunities and ensure the benefi ts are shared by all. 00 D B Di 4,0 ire 13 re “Our government is committed to ensur- “That being said, getting it right means 9 c $ ct ing that Canada’s tax system is fair and sup- considering all the potential risks of such 1 t ports an innovative economy. In that vein, measures so we will take a concerted and we regularly assess the tax system to ensure careful approach to ensure we continue to it is fair and effi cient. foster innovation and attract investment in

“The international community is regu- the digital sector. 6 2 $ larly examining the impacts of digitalization , Total Employment 3 Total Wages “Our government has been clear that 0 t B 0 on some key aspects of existing tax frame- there will be no Canadian-content levy on 355,000 Jobs c $22B 0 e I r n t works, and working toward a consensus- foreign suppliers like Netfl ix and no Internet I i d c n d u e based approach. With this in mind, Canada broadband tax.” d u I n c i r c 0 e d d e d , 0 0 $ 6 B I n B Dir 9 9 B Dire 48 ec 19 ct $ t “And yet, here we go again. Canadians $ want to be able to watch their streaming Canada’s airports are crucial to the economic CORY HANN services and use the internet without having to Conservative strategist pay even more. But with a Liberal government vitality of the communities they serve running massive defi cits, they’re running out $ $ of other people’s money to spend. Instead of 1 Total Output 6 Total GDP 1 B $79B cutting their own wastefulness, they’re looking A vital component to the country’s transportation infrastructure,B Canada’s airports $35B I “I feel like it was only yesterday Conser- at raising taxes on hard-working Canadians. support 194,000 directn jobs and generate $48t billion inI direct economic activityt . d c n c e d r e vatives were warning Canadians about the So it’s no surprise the Liberals are once again u i r u i c e d c e n d potential of a Netfl ix tax from the Liberals. suggesting a Netfl ix tax. d I n d $ B I $ 1 0 B 2 0 Sure enough, the fi rst chance the Liberals “It’s just another example of Justin had, they trial ballooned a Netfl ix tax. When Trudeau and his Liberals putting govern- 00 D B Di they realized their spin of it being about 4,0 ire 13 re ment before people. With Andrew Scheer 9 c $ ct ‘fairness’ was getting stomached about as and the Conservative Party, Canadians can 1 t well as a sun soaked egg salad sandwich, count on us putting people before govern- FOR EVERY ONE MILLION PASSENGERS they insisted instead they were not going to ment—the way it should be. We will fi x Jus-

tax streaming services like Netfl ix. What a tin Trudeau’s failures. And we’ll do it without 6

2 $ victory for taxpayers! a Netfl ix tax.” , Total Employment 3 Total Wages 0 t B 0 355,000 Jobs c $22B 0 e I n i r t I n d c d d u e u I n c i r “The Liberal government is upholding c e 0 e d n d d 9 9 , 0 0 $ 6 B I privileged rules for foreign businesses while SARAH ANDREWS enforcing other rules for Canadian cultural companies. At the same time, it is signing B Dire B Dir NDP strategist 19 ct 48 ec sweetheart deals with web giants such as $ $ t Netfl ix that do not guarantee any amount of “For months now, actors have been com- French-language, Indigenous or any other ing forward calling on the government to content. Nor do they guarantee that our ac- tors and our production companies will be $ make sure that all companies pay their fair 6 Total GDP $ Total Output B 1 share. After the entire cultural industry in recruited. $35B 1 I $79B n t B Quebec, the NDP, and the Quebec govern- “To tackle inequality, we need to take on d c t u e I n c c i r d e ment made similar calls, it is refreshing to a rigged tax system that benefi ts the ultra- e d n d u i r B I c e n d see a Liberal-dominated committee call on rich and make sure that corporations and $ 1 0 d $ 2 0 B I the government to make so-called web gi- the wealthiest contribute their fair share. ants subject to the same rules as everyone Taxes are investments into building a fairer society for us all.” else. AVERAGE DIRECT WAGE

140 MILLION higher than2 the. 2 MILLION 6.2 MILLION but she has never given a straight answer. 35% Canada-wide average “More and more countries are introducing CANADA’S AIRPORTS MATHIEUMAT R. ST-AMAND PASSENGERS$67,000 FLIGHT AIRCRAFT a mechanism to collect taxes from these giants. CANADA-WIDE AVERAGE $49,700 Québécois parliamentary Meanwhile, Ottawa seems to be twiddling its FREQUENCIESNO.0000000000 MOVEMENTS group strategist thumbs. Even the Quebec government, which has very limited resources, has decided to tax “Clearly, there are some Liberal MPs Netfl ix. The National Assembly is unanimously who know what it means to have common calling on Ottawa to do the same. sense. It is high time that the government “What could possibly be the govern- listened to them and started to tax the ment’s rationale for refusing to collect Internet giants. It is unbelievable that some its own tax? We really cannot fi gure out foreign companies are enjoying a signifi cant why the government would say no to this tax holiday. Why does Netfl ix not have to pay revenue. Tax season is here, and if you don’t taxes while illico and Tou.Tv pay their fair pay what you owe, the government will cer- share? We have repeatedly asked Heritage tainly come looking for it. So why not apply Minister Mélanie Joly to explain the situation, this same principle to the Internet giants?”

foreign culture and, alarmingly, benefi t from unfair tax advantages over Canadian businesses. DEBRADE EINDIGUER “So, yes, let’s tax Goliath. Let’s require foreign Green strategist media and streaming sites to collect sales tax, such as HST. And let’s take that money to support and protect Canadian content. “Canadians have always had to carefully “Canada has a moderately successful track develop and secure their culture in the shadow of record of striking a balance between openness to the giant on our southern border and its attempts foreign cultures and protecting our own cultural to colonize the Canadian mind. Institutions like the industries. Taxation here is simply a matter of CRTC and the CBC were designed to respond to necessary redress. these incursions and have proven to be successful “The Green Party commends the House Trade institutions of cultural resistance. Committee in recommending the federal govern- “Today the threat has changed. Incarnations ment subject all e-commerce platforms to sales like Google and Netfl ix are the new vanguard of a taxes.” 8 MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 | THE HILL TIMES

EDITOR Kate Malloy MANAGING EDITOR Kristen Shane PUBLISHED EVERY MONDAY AND WEDNESDAY BY PUBLISHERS Anne Marie Creskey, DEPUTY EDITORS Peter Mazereeuw, Charelle Evelyn HILL TIMES PUBLISHING INC. Jim Creskey, Ross Dickson ASSISTANT DEPUTY EDITOR Abbas Rana 246 Queen Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1P 5E4 PUBLISHER/VICE PRESIDENT Don Turner DIGITAL EDITOR Beatrice Paez GENERAL MANAGER, CFO Andrew Morrow

Editorial MPs’ S.O. 31 Statements, May 3 ‘I’m not trying to be morbid but it’s a ‘Gord had many friends and not one enemy that I knew of,’ says Conservative MP Reid death trap for people sometimes, ere are six things you might not ber four, Gord’s riding and mine are side Hknow about our friend and colleague, by side. In fi ve elections out of six, Gord it takes years off your life’ Gord Brown. Number one, Gord was so got a higher percentage of the vote than Conservative, he often wore blue shoes I did. He would have wanted me to tell onservative MP Gord Brown, a well- food, the parties, the drinking, and every- in the Commons. True story. They looked the House that. Number fi ve, Gord met Cliked 57-year-old MP who had repre- thing else in between. And it’s even worse pretty sharp, too. Number two, Gord’s his wife, Claudine, here on the Hill. Their sented Leeds-Grenville-Thousand Islands, for cabinet ministers who have heavier oldest son, Chance, was born in Novem- shared delight in the birth of their son Ont., since 2004, had a heart attack in workloads and more travel. ber 2000, just as Gord learned that he Tristan was one of the highlights of the his Justice Building offi ce on Wednesday The Parliamentary Review published had lost the election by 55 votes. Gord 41st Parliament. Number six, Gord had morning after playing a game of hockey. a study by David Docherty in 2001 which told me at the time that this had been, all many friends and not one enemy that I The news was met with shock and sad- found the biggest costs to being an MP at once, the hardest and the best day of knew of. He will leave a hole that is hard ness on the Hill. Some Conservative MPs are: physical exhaustion of campaigning; his life. Number three, Gord never lost to fi ll. were especially devastated. travel to and from Ottawa; unappreciative again. He won the next fi ve elections by Conservative MP Conservative MP Tony Clement, who press and public; inability to achieve suc- an average of almost 14,000 votes. Num- Lanark-Frontenac-Kingston, Ont. had known Brown since 1981 as fellow cess in policy areas of personal interest; Young Progressive Conservatives in sacrifi ce of family life; fi ghting a seem- Ontario, couldn’t stop crying in a scrum ingly intransigent bureaucracy; public in- with reporters on the Hill while trying to trusion into personal life; and frustration Fort Mac is strong, says Grit MP Boisson tell stories about the man he knew and at your inability to bring about change. wo years ago this week, a raging to coast to coast, Canadians gave gener- loved. “He’s just a good man and he was These factors still stand today. Twildfi re threatened to destroy the city ously. The and always there for all of us. I’m just lost for “You put so much time, physical, and of Fort McMurray and much of the sur- other governments stepped up in the re- words. I’m sorry. I’ll miss every minute of emotional energy into the job, sometimes rounding regional municipality of Wood sponse and in the rebuild. Two years later, every day.” you forget to take care of yourself. I went Buffalo. Thousands of families and indi- there is still some work to be done, and But it was CBC News’ veteran Hill years without getting a medical checkup. viduals were forced to fl ee their homes, my message to the citizens of Wood Buf- reporter, Julie Van Dusen who cut to the It’s a reminder that the job is important, but with fears and doubts as to whether and falo remains the same: we were there for chase when she asked Mr. Clement if so, too, is your health,” said former Harper- when they might be able to return. In you during the wildfi res and we are still he was stunned by the news, given that era cabinet minister John Baird to CBC. these unimaginably diffi cult times, many here for you today. All Canadians agree Brown was active, a hockey player, had Brown, by all accounts, did make time thousands arrived in my city of Edmon- that when one part of this country faces lost weight, and was a kayaker. for his wife Claudine Curtois, and sons ton, where they were welcomed with a crisis, we all need to lean in to help. We Mr. Clement started to say that no one Chance and Tristan, and Conservative MP open arms and open hearts by their fel- remain, to this day, Fort Mac Strong. knows when their time is up. Then he Scott Reid said the last few years were his low Albertans. That solidarity did not end Liberal MP Randy Boissonnault looked up and said Brown was “up there friend’s happiest. with those days in Edmonton. From coast Edmonton Centre, Alta. now,” and said it was another lesson about “It’s a very, very valuable lesson,” Mr. the job. “I’m not trying to be morbid but Reid told CBC News last week. “If there’s it’s a death trap for people sometimes. It one lesson that the other 337 of us in the takes years off your life. I know we do House of Commons can take, it is, when ‘I want to thank the Aga Khan for 60 years it willingly, but sometimes the price is you get these compromises, at least some very high. I’m sorry, sorry,” he said before of the time, choose the way that Gord of compassion, global leadership, and walking away. chose.” He’s right. An MP’s life can be The job is important, but so is your frienship with Canada,’ says O’Toole extremely stressful, given all the travel health and your family. Brown lived a to and from the riding, the long work good life and was a respected MP, but he ast night, I joined three governors an opportunity to talk about the tremen- days, the constant socializing, the public died too young. Lgeneral, three prime ministers from dous contribution of the 300,000 Ismaili speeches, public appearances, the bad The Hill Times both sides of this Chamber, parliamen- Canadians. They came to Canada with tarians, and prominent Canadians from very little, but have given our country so the Ismaili community to celebrate the much. Today, I have the honour to thank Diamond Jubilee for a special honorary the Aga Khan for 60 years of service and Canadian, the Aga Khan. For 60 years, compassion around the world. On behalf this spiritual leader of the Ismaili commu- of the Conservative caucus and all parlia- nity around the world has stood for toler- mentarians, I want to thank the Aga Khan ance and support for the most vulnerable. for 60 years of compassion, global leader- As prime minister Harper once said in ship, and friendship with Canada. this Chamber, his leadership inspires us Conservative MP Erin O’Toole to hope for a better world. This is also Durham, Ont. Local, high-quality journalism critical to a healthy democracy, says Grit MP was a journalist before politics, and on also have work to do here in Canada. Our I World Press Freedom Day I am proud journalists face a different threat. That to stand in this House to talk about the is why budget 2018 includes $50 million important role that a free press plays to support journalism in underserved in protecting democracy. We know that communities. On top of that, our action local, high-quality journalism is critical plan for offi cial languages calls for invest- to a healthy democracy. Journalistic in- ments of $14 million in local news and dependence is vital, and our approach is community radio. A free press protects designed to protect that independence. In us all, and today we pledge to defend that many countries around the world today, principle and defend journalists here at publications are being closed down and home and around the world. journalists attacked, detained, or, as we Liberal MP saw in Afghanistan this week, killed. We Spadina-Fort York, Ont.

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ties, there has to be a way to recognize an tive meeting. could not give her an answer. aboriginal pot partnership. The N.W.T. legislature has already deter- Nation to nation status The government will likely respond mined that marijuana will not be sold by with a form of federal revenue-sharing on Indigenous communities or their designates. indigenous lands, but will not embrace the That right has been assigned to licensed sounds good in principle notion that a bilateral agreement can be liquor stores, with a proviso that indig- negotiated between two equal partners. enous communities be informed as to who The parliamentary debate, stoked by is buying and how much. The government What actually happens in In reality, nationhood is expressed in a Senate committee which has also been says it will consider an expanded indig- asymmetrical federalism, an approach to given freedom to operate outside the ambit enous community role once the system has practice is another matter. governance that permits each province to of political parties, will continue to smoul- begun operating. choose their own path in certain circum- der in the months ahead. In another perspective on just what na- stances. tion implies, last week the Quebec Superior Today’s ongoing debate on carbon pric- Court threw out a Kahn ‘awake housing ing is a good example of how the federal law that a marriage to a non-indigenous government can co-exist with provinces in person triggered expulsion from the com- areas of joint jurisdiction, including certain munity. environmental initiatives and standards. The ruling in a case launched by 16 dis- We dare not refer to national government possessed residents, stated that the policy as that carries a different meaning in cer- was a violation of the Canadian charter of tain provinces. rights and freedoms which legislates non- When it comes to defi ning the role of discrimination on the basis of family status. Sheila Copps nationhood in divvying up revenues from In responding to the ruling, Kahn Prime minister Justin Trudeau, pictured May new initiatives like legalized marijuana, ‘awake grand chief Joe Norton said he Copps’ Corner 2 with AFN National Chief Perry Bellegarde at the notion of equal status for Indigenous would not be guided by “outside courts” in the AFN’s Special Chiefs Assembly on Federal nations evaporates. matters “so integral to our identity.” Instead, Legislation. However noble, the prime minister will TTAWA—Nation-to-nation status The prime minister has already rebuffed local council is considering their own not likely be able to achieve his promised goal of a sounds good in principle. What actu- an Assembly of First Nations request last changes to the marital ouster law. O dialogue between equals. Some governments are ally happens in practice is another matter. week to delay pot legalization for a year, The bottom line is that aboriginal nation just more equal than others, writes Sheila Copps. When the prime minister reiterates while Indigenous nations negotiate their status is subjugated to federal, provincial The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade his government’s intention to redress share of cannabis taxes. and territorial lawmaking, notwithstanding indigenous wrongs by a nation-to-nation Trudeau is well into the third year of The Senate standing committee on the dialogue of equals. dialogue, it sounds like a good step in the a four year mandate, and one thing the aboriginal peoples sides with AFN claims Trudeau’s government is to be congratu- direction of reconciliation. prime minister cannot afford to do is to that implementation should be delayed. lated for embarking on a discussion about When the national discussion includes break his promise on pot. The thorny issue of jurisdiction has not how to move past the colonial approach infrastructure in Indigenous communi- The youth vote that provided Trudeau escaped the attention of indigenous leaders that has largely marked Ottawa’s relation- ties, or repatriation of aboriginal language an electoral breakthrough in the last elec- elected to territorial governments. ship with First Nations across the country. or artefacts, it may be simple to fi nesse a tion is expecting tangible results on legal- In an open forum organized by the North- However noble, the prime minister will bilateral agreement, when only two parties ization. They will not be satisfi ed by any west Territories last month, Tlicho nation not likely be able to achieve his promised are involved in the negotiation. delay, even if it is prompted by Indigenous resident Georgina Franki asked whether her goal of a dialogue between equals. Some But when nations infringe on the consti- communities seeking clarity on their share community was even subject to territorial governments are just more equal than oth- tutional rights and responsibilities of mul- of weed spoils. regulations on cannabis. She questioned ers. tiple governments, that is when the rubber Nonetheless, the AFN proposition will whether the Tlicho Nation might already Sheila Copps is a former Jean Chrétien- hits the road. And starts burning. have some support. With a number of have the authority to licence cannabis era cabinet minister and a former deputy A dozen years ago, Quebec was deemed ministers focussing directly on reconcilia- dispensaries and grow-ops. Members of the prime minister. a nation, by parliamentary resolution. tion and support for indigenous communi- legislative assembly present at the consulta- The Hill Times

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oil from places like Kazakhstan, Iran, and Saudi Arabia. They note that oil tankers have been leaving Harbour, sporadically, for years and only a fraction of those shipments are bound for China. There is no signifi cant Asian market and that isn’t likely to change overnight, say critics. Some counter that Kinder Morgan wouldn’t be proceeding with a $7.4-billion project if it didn’t believe in the Asia gambit. Perhaps, but the Texas-based company may also be trying to cut its losses; it has made clear, in its response to ’s latest legal challenge, that its shareholders interests are para- mount. In fact, it is becoming so impatient with protests and legal hurdles that it has imposed a May 31 deadline on Ottawa to clear all remaining obstacles. Notley and Trudeau not only jumped when threatened—they Pipeline, politics and people: People, pictured April 7, 2018 protesting against the Kinder Morgan Trans Mountain have mused about paying Kinder Alberta Premier Rachel Notley, pipeline at Mountain. Photograph courtesy of Flickr Morgan not to abandon the pictured on May 15, 2018, arriving for project. It is hard to recall a more the meeting with the prime minister craven capitulation to a foreign and B.C. premier in Ottawa. The Hill investor, especially one not Times photograph by Andrew Meade known for its sensitivity to local Is there really an economic concerns. So, the economic stakes premier after Peter Lougheed, for Alberta must be very high. is a captive of the well-fi nanced But are they? Last week, Statis- oil industry, former Alberta tics Canada reported that Alberta Liberal leader Kevin Taft argues case for Kinder Morgan? is leading the country with a 4.9 in his trenchant new book, Oil’s per cent hike in GDP. Job vacan- Deep State. Even if she gets the cies are up, unemployment is pipeline, however, she is likely to The future is edly fl oundering economy, bring discount—but only partly because down and wage rates still top the new life to the oil sands, and there is no other buyer. Alberta lose her job to Jason Kenney. As national average. Part of the activ- to Trudeau, he may be trying to unknowable, but adjacent businesses that support bitumen is among the most energy- ity has been spurred by an uptick them, and fi ll the province’s cof- intensive fuel on the planet, expen- undo the damage done to Liberals perhaps Alberta oil will in the price of oil and ongoing pro- in Alberta by his father’s National fers with ready cash for hospitals, sive to refi ne and to transport. duction in Fort McMurray, where schools, affordable housing, and And, for all the hype, no one Energy Policy by championing an fi nd a market in Asia. mammoth new plants are simply American energy company, even green technologies. should be surprised when (if the too expensive to shut down. That is the mantra repeated pipeline is eventually built) most if it means betraying the trust Maybe the oil will fl ow However, former federal of west coast indigenous groups constantly by Prime Minister Justin of those extra tankers head south scientist David Hughes, in a for 40 years so that Trudeau, Alberta Premier Rachel to California where there are Notley, and federal Environment refi neries tooled to handle the Kinder Morgan makes Minister Catherine McKenna. They sticky, Alberta product. It will sell B.C. Premier John Horgan, back its investment. often describe the pipeline as being at a discount there, too, for the pictured arriving on the “in the national interest”—as if usual reasons. The hope—and it is Hill on May 15, 2018. The Maybe governments protecting the harbour of one of only that—is that once more Al- Hill Times photograph by the country’s largest (and most berta oil is fl owing from the B.C. Andrew Meade will kick our climate beautiful) cities and decreasing, Coast, it will attract the interest of targets down the road rather than adding to our national Asian markets. carbon footprint, isn’t. But will it? China has a vora- a few more decades But even leaving aside en- cious appetite for energy but it is vironmental consequences, the also supposed to be decarboniz- and keep pretending. depiction of Kinder Morgan as an ing. And the oil world has changed economic lifeline ranks some- since the KM twinning was fi rst where between unproven and proposed in 2013, when existing utter nonsense. As B.C. Premier pipelines were nearing capacity. A John Horgan rightly said: “One boom in readily-accessible fracked company is not an economy.” oil in Texas, and elsewhere, has Still, with other pipeline pro- fl ooded markets, played havoc posals rejected or stalled, Kinder with prices and made the tarry, Morgan is advanced by proponents heavily-polluting Alberta product recent study, notes that jobs in the and the electoral prospects of his as the best way of getting Alberta’s even less attractive. fossil fuel sector have fl atlined bitumen to “tidewater” to exploit Some environmental econo- own B.C. ministers. Having nixed Susan Riley since 2006 and that short-lived the Northern Gateway and done new markets, especially China, mists have also argued that the construction work makes up 52 Impolitic and end the stranglehold imposed lack of refi ning capacity for bitu- nothing to champion Energy per cent of the total. For all the East, Trudeau may think he owes by having one customer. As it is men in Asia and the cost of trans- talk of a job bonanza, oil and now, some 97 per cent of Alberta portation mean Alberta oil will Alberta a pipeline. Whatever the HELSEA, QUE.—The envi- gas workers make up just 12 per oil goes to the United States, where always sell at a discount—espe- explanation, he has reached peak ronmental dangers involved in cent of Alberta’s workforce and C it sells at an often-signifi cant cially when competing with lighter hypocrisy on the environment. the controversial twinning of the a mere three per cent nationally. The future is unknowable, of Kinder Morgan pipeline through In an effort to cut costs, many oil Prime Minister course. Perhaps Alberta oil will British Columbia are easy to see, if companies have automated their Justin Trudeau, fi nd a market in Asia. Maybe the not to quantify. The fi rst is in- workforce in recent years. pictured April oil will fl ow for 40 years so that creased odds of a calamitous spill As to Alberta’s bottom line, its 15, arriving on Kinder Morgan makes back its in the face of a sevenfold increase royalty regime is the most unde- the Hill for his investment. Maybe governments in oil tanker traffi c in Vancouver manding in the developed world meeting with will kick our climate targets down Harbour. The second is that, by with royalty rates tied to the price British Columbia the road a few more decades and extending the life of existing oil of oil and sinking as low as one Premier John keep pretending. sands plants, if not stimulating new per cent in some cases. Since the Horgan and But as Green Party leader production, the pipeline will lead to 1980s, oil and gas production in Alberta Premier once said of greater greenhouse gas emissions Alberta has doubled, but royalty Rachel Notley this tortured pipeline proposal: and make our already remote Paris revenues are down 90 per cent, as to discuss the “There’s this series of assump- climate targets unreachable. subsequent premiers essentially expansion of the tions that are repeated so often What is murkier—and rarely bribed their powerful investors Kinder Morgan that no one questions them.” It is questioned, in the federal Parlia- not to leave. Instead of having Trans Mountain time someone else in Ottawa did. ment, at least—are the economic a bulging contingency fund like pipeline. The Hill Susan Riley is a veteran politi- claims made for the project. In a Norway, Alberta is facing $45-bil- Times photograph cal columnist who writes regu- stroke, Kinder Morgan is sup- lion in accumulated debt. by Andrew Meade larly for The Hill Times. posed to rescue Alberta’s suppos- Notley, like every Alberta The Hill Times THE HILL TIMES | MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 11 Opinion

cluded from the world banking system because banks feared the Iran deal: a bird in the hand... re-imposition of the sanctions, and so much of the economic relief Iran expected from the end What really drives Emmanuel Macron and then Ger- hundreds of nuclear weapons and of sanctions never arrived. There man Chancellor Angela Merkel shouldn’t worry so much. Deter- is therefore growing hostility in Trump’s hatred dropped in to try to persuade rence works. Iran to the JCPOA deal, but why Trump not to pull out of the 2015 A nuclear-armed Iran would is it even stronger in the White of the deal, in all deal that prevented Iran from de- certainly pose no threat to any House? veloping nuclear weapons for the of the six countries that signed Trump talks about Iran “cheat- likelihood, is simply next ten years. They failed. the Joint Comprehensive Plan of ing” on the deal. (International the fact that it was As Macron said: “My view is Action (JCPOA), the 2015 deal Atomic Energy Agency inspectors that [Trump] will get rid of this that put Iran’s nuclear weapons have certifi ed eleven times since one of Obama’s deal on his own, for domestic rea- programme on hold. The U.S., 2016 that Iran is meeting its obliga- So Donald Trump will repudiate the Iran sons.” The response of America’s Britain, France, Germany, Rus- tions.) deal on May 12, or maybe a little later. major successes— three most important allies has sia and China all have far more He calls the deal “insane” and It will probably then die (although the been to break decisively with nuclear weapons than Iran would the “worst ever,” complaining that other fi ve countries will try to keep it what Macron the United States on the issue: ever possess (or, in Germany’s it imposed only a ten-year ban on going), because Iranians’ pride will not on April 29, Macron and Merkel case, belongs to an alliance that Iran’s suspect nuclear activities, let them stay in a deal whose benefi ts, referred to as joined with British Prime Minis- does). Deterrence still works. did not stop the country from test- in terms of access to world trade, ‘domestic reasons.’ It ter Theresa May in declaring that So why did they all bother? ing ballistic missiles, and did not have evaporated, writes Gwynne Dyer. the Iran nuclear deal is “the best Probably because they prefer stop Iran from interfering in other Photograph courtesy of Gage Skidmore fi ts a pattern. way of neutralizing the threat of a an Israeli monopoly on nuclear countries. “They should have nuclear-armed Iran.” weapons in the Middle East. They made a deal that covered Yemen, tern: Trump’s cancellation of the This is the most dramatic split don’t all love Israel, but if more that covered Syria, that covered Trans-Pacifi c trade deal, the U.S. in the Western alliance since countries in the region had nukes, other parts of the Middle East,” withdrawal from the climate pact, Germany and France refused to go the Middle East’s endless wars he said. the largely unsuccessful assault along with the foolish and illegal might one day lead to a local These are birds in the bush, on health care (‘Obamacare’), invasion of Iraq in 2003 (but Brit- nuclear exchange. Maybe that and they were never within reach. and now the attack on the Iran ain went along with it to preserve could be contained in the region, It took two years of negotiation nuclear deal. its imaginary infl uence in Wash- but maybe not; some of the major just to get a deal for 10 years of So Trump will repudiate the ington). Indeed, the only American regional powers have outside restrictions on the Iranian nuclear Iran deal on May 12, or maybe allies that have been urging Trump allies. programme in return for an end a little later. It will probably to pull the plug on the nuclear deal So there was general support to UN economic sanctions. There then die (although the other fi ve are Israel and the conservative on the United Nations Security was no way that Iran was going countries will try to keep it go- Gwynne Dyer Arab states, which hope to draw Council for stopping Iran from to place its foreign, military and ing), because Iranians’ pride will Foreign Policy the U.S. into a war with Iran. getting nuclear weapons, and UN energy policies under UN super- not let them stay in a deal whose They are the exceptions be- economic sanctions were placed vision forever. The deal accepted benefi ts, in terms of access to cause they are the only countries on Iran from 2006 onwards. U.S. by Obama in 2015 was realistic; world trade, have evaporated. ONDON, U.K.—It is generally that actually feel threatened by sanctions were far older, but Trump’s preferred substitute is And in Pyongyang, Kim Jong-Un Lagreed that a bird in the hand Iranian nuclear weapons. Well, the deal that was signed in 2015 pure fantasy. will draw his conclusions about is worth two (or three, or more) in maybe Pakistan too, since that ended all UN sanctions and the What really drives Trump’s the reliability of the United the bush. U.S. President Donald country’s six nuclear explo- most severe U.S. sanctions, which hatred of the deal, in all likeli- States as a negotiating partner. Trump, however, does not see it sions in 1998 were the catalyst targeted Iranian banks and oil hood, is simply the fact that it Gwynne Dyer is an indepen- that way. that set Iran’s nuclear weapons exports. was one of Obama’s major suc- dent journalist whose articles are It was a busy week in Wash- programme in motion. On the Unfortunately for Iran, the cesses—what Macron referred to published in 45 countries. ington as fi rst French President other hand, Israel already has country remained largely ex- as “domestic reasons.” It fi ts a pat- The Hill Times

and 2(c) of the act. CSIS assessed that they consti- Canada’s national sport: tuted a threat to national security and that was the only, and correct, reason why they were under suing CSIS for doing its job investigation. Some have pointed out that none of these men were charged: Here it is: individuals who sue the ligence organization whose role is that is irrelevant as CSIS For those alleging Canadian government over the to investigate, gather information, is not in the business of mistreatment, activities of the country’s security and advise government on threats laying charges. agencies for their alleged role in to national security. It has an act, It is also very impor- Public Safety Minister , your anger and alleged mistreatment abroad. We an overview body, internal policies, tant to remind Canadians pictured on the Hill, is the federal political have seen a number of settlements and must abide by Canadian law in that in virtually every minister responsible for CSIS. The Hill Times lawsuits should be lately: Omar Khadr received the performance of its duties. case (Khadr is an excep- photograph by Andrew Meade $10.5-million for his time in Guan- To gather information on tion) the men travelled directed at those tanamo. Three Arab-born Cana- these threats it is not bound by willingly and on their CSIS in the wake of an interview who meted out that dians also received cash for their Canada’s borders. It can go any- own initiative to the countries with an intelligence offi cer be- alleged torture in Syria and Egypt. where in the world to learn more where the alleged mistreatment cause that interview made them: mistreatment, not Abousoufi an Abdelrazik is suing about those who are a danger to took place. They were not ‘ren- depressed, angry, afraid, con- for $27-million, claiming he was us and our allies and it can enter dered’ by anyone. fused. If the government does not the agency tasked tortured in Sudan at the behest of into intelligence-sharing agree- We either want CSIS to do support its security intelligence the Canadian government. ments with any agency that can the job it is mandated to do or agency that will be a travesty. Of with helping to keep The common denominator in help understand what is going on we don’t. If we do, then let it do course should any CSIS employ- all these cases is the charge that (these are covered under Sec. 17 so. Yes, CSIS must step carefully ee break the law they should be us safe. Canada’s spy agency, CSIS, was of the CSIS Act). There are rules when it comes to national secu- subject to that law. If, on the other wholly responsible for the harm and protocols on how to do this. rity and the choice of partners it hand, they are merely doing their done to these men. CSIS allegedly Some have argued that CSIS works with but it has role to play jobs then hands off. shared information with foreign should not share what it knows and it must be allowed to carry For those alleging mistreat- states that used that data to tor- with certain countries known to that out. A big part of its function ment, your anger and lawsuits ture Canadians. Hence, CSIS is to practise human rights violations involves information sharing as it should be directed at those who blame for everything and must be (like Syria or Sudan). I have two cannot work in a vacuum. meted out that mistreatment, not held to account. responses to that: (a) fi rstly, a If Canadians don’t want CSIS the agency tasked with helping to Not surprisingly, I disagree country like Syria is going to do to share information with its part- keep us safe. profoundly with these settle- to those in its custody what it ners then we might want to con- Phil Gurski worked as a senior ments and am concerned that wants irrespective of what Cana- sider dismantling the organization strategic analyst at CSIS from the fl oodgates have been opened da shares or not, and (b) countries in its entirety. A half effective spy 2001-2013, specializing in al-Qae- Phil Gurski to this cash cow. We are going to like the U.S. are accused of mis- agency is no agency at all. If we da/Islamic State-inspired violent Terrorism see many, many more such cases treatment (in the Khadr case). Are go down this road, Canadians extremism and radicalization unless the government takes a people suggesting that we should will have to fi nd someone else to and as a senior special adviser at principled stand that it will not en- not share with them? blame when terrorists cause car- Public Safety Canada from 2013 TTAWA—Sorry to be con- tertain these arguments any more. Each of these individuals were nage and mayhem in our fair land. until his retirement from the civil Otrary, but I want to submit that First, a primer on how an agen- under legitimate investigation by I see a day in the very near service in May 2015. we have a new national pastime. cy like CSIS works. It is an intel- CSIS as outlined in sections 12 future where someone will sue The Hill Times 12 MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 | THE HILL TIMES Opinion Other Quebec voices fi ll Bloc’s void

Quebec-only party in the House of Com- vincial contingent in the NDP caucus and a ing through the U.S. From different angles, With the sovereignty issue on mons can the province rest assured that its Quebecer leads that party daily in the House. the NDP and the Conservatives have both interests are defended in the federal arena. The province accounts for a bit more than pushed the Liberals hard on the issue. the back burner in Quebec, it That myth resurfaced with a vengeance 10 per cent of the Conservative parliamen- The advent of a Senate more inde- is tempting to put down the this week as the seven-member caucus tary group and, if that sounds small, keep in pendent from the government has also that broke away from the Bloc Québécois mind that the last time the party was in op- provided Quebec with more avenues to Bloc’s ongoing crisis to one earlier this year pronounced their former position, it had zero Quebec represent-ation. advance its demands. party dead and announced Quebecers also make up the Earlier this week, one of the upper house of relevance. But its more they would replace it with one second-largest provincial cau- committees studying the federal cannabis of their own. cus on the Liberal side of the legislation recommended the provinces be fundamental problem may According to the group, House and hold slightly more left to decide whether to allow individuals to rarely has the need for Que- than one in fi ve cabinet posi- grow small amounts of marijuana at home. be redundancy. becers to count on a federal tions, including that of prime That has been a key Quebec demand. party devoted exclusively minister. The NDP and the Conservatives fought to their interests been more Far from falling by the way- long and hard to establish a foothold in acute than it is now. side since the BQ was relegated Quebec. In his farewell speech as leader, That rationale certainly to the sidelines, top-of-mind former prime minister Stephen Harper has the merit of offering a Quebec issues have been high singled out the election in 2015 of a dozen self-serving justifi cation for on the radar of both the opposi- MPs from the province as one of the ac- the defectors’ enduring pres- Bloc Québécois leader tion parties. complishments he took the most pride in. ence in Parliament beyond Martine Ouellet, pictured Quebec has been taking the The 2011 orange wave was a watershed next year’s election. It would Feb. 28, 2018, talking to lead in trying to ensure that moment in the history of the NDP, an event help if it were also backed by the media after seven Bloc foreign internet giants oper- that made its aspiration to one day form a Chantal Hébert facts. As it happens, the evi- MPs quit the caucus over ate under the same obligation national government look like more than a Inside Politics dence suggests the opposite. her leadership. The Hill Times to collect sales taxes as their distant pipe dream. The Bloc has not been a full photograph by Andrew Meade domestic competitors. If only to have a shot at beating Jus- n a book timed to cause a stir in Quebec’s participant in the Commons Under the province’s im- tin Trudeau next year, neither party will Ioverheated pre-election season, Radio- since it lost its offi cial party status in 2011. petus, the NDP made that policy part of its abandon those footholds without a fi ght. Canada journalist Michel C. Auger tackles Given the opportunity to correct the situation program at its last convention. That response The Liberals will more than ever need a what he identifi es as 25 myths that feed the in 2015, even fewer Quebec voters opted for to an emerging Quebec concern was a rever- strong footing in the prime minister’s home province’s political conversation. the sovereigntist party. sal from the stance the party defended in the province in the next election. Among others, his contention that Que- Since then, there has been scant evi- last election. With the sovereignty issue on the back bec is winning the battle to ensure it remains dence of buyers’ remorse. In a byelection Just last week, a Liberal-dominated burner in Quebec, it is tempting to put a French-language society and his take on held last year in the former Bloc stronghold parliamentary committee recommended down the Bloc’s ongoing crisis to one of the need to do more to retain immigrants of Lac-St-Jean, the party fi nished third, 15 the federal government join the Quebec-led relevance. But its more fundamental prob- to the province rather than reduce their points behind the winning Liberals. parade and ensure Netfl ix and others col- lem may be redundancy. numbers runs against much conventional With the BQ relegated to the sidelines lect and remit the sales taxes. Chantal Hébert is a national affairs wisdom and more than a few urban legends. in the Commons, other Quebec voices have Over the past year, Quebec has become for The Toronto Star. This column was One myth Auger did not get around to fi lled the vacuum. the ground zero of the irregular entry in released on May 3. busting is the notion that only with a strong Quebec MPs make up the largest pro- Canada of scores of asylum seekers transit- The Hill Times

Carleton University Welcomes Dr. Benoit-Antoine Bacon as New President

On July 1, Dr. Benoit-Antoine Bacon will become the 15th president and vice-chancellor in Carleton University’s history. Dr. Bacon is an accomplished academic leader, professor of psychology, and researcher in cognitive neuroscience who currently serves as provost and vice-principal (Academic) at Queen’s University. His previous leadership roles include provost and vice-president (Academic Affairs) at Concordia University and associate vice-principal (Research) and dean of Arts and Science at Bishop’s University.

carleton.ca THE HILL TIMES | MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 13 Opinion

continue playing nice with Trudeau. If she does, Kenney will certainly declare her to be “Ottawa’s pawn,” which would defi nitely be a political kill shot. Political realities So how did it come to this? The mistake Notley made, in attaching her star to Trudeau’s wagon, was she failed to fac- tor in the prime minister’s political incentives. Simply put, Trudeau has no real political will turn Notley incentive to help Notley build her pipelines, since he can easily win a majority govern- ment without taking a single seat in Alberta. On the other hand, the prime minister does have a strong political incentive to be perceived against Trudeau as anti-pipeline, as this will play well to his base in Quebec, Ontario, and British Columbia. So, in other words, when it comes to Bashing Ottawa is almost leader Jason Kenney encapsulated this pipelines the political math doesn’t add feeling perfectly when he recently tweeted, up for either Notley’s government or for a political necessity “Canada is broken.” Alberta Premier Rachel Notley is under Alberta’s economy. And make no mistake, Kenney’s view pressure from the new United Conservative Given the political realities of Canada, the in Alberta, especially refl ects the attitude of many Albertans. Party in her province, and getting a new Trudeau-Notley alliance never really had much A recent poll, for instance, shows that pipeline built to export Alberta oil would be a of a chance in the fi rst place. In the months if Albertans think the 70 per cent of Albertans believe Canada’s big win for her NDP government. The Hill Times ahead, watch for Notley to start bashing Ottawa. system of equalization payments is unfair photograph by Andrew Meade Ultimately, she has to follow her own federal government is to their province and that 60 per cent of political incentives. hindering oil exports. Albertans feel that no matter who’s in So given this sort of emotional political Gerry Nicholls is a communications charge in Ottawa, other parts of Canada climate, there’s no way Notley, who will consultant. will always be looked after fi rst. face a provincial election next year, can The Hill Times May 7th & 8th, 2018 Canadian Vintners will be Gerry Nicholls Post-Partisan Pundit on Parliament Hill

AKVILLE, ONT.—The most improbable Opolitical alliance in Canadian history is coming to a predictably inglorious end. I’m talking, of course, about the “En- tente Cordiale” that was forged between Wine is Canada’s Highest Value-Added Agrifood Product Alberta NDP Premier Rachel Notley and Liberal Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, a once beautiful friendship that’s now unrav- Canada’s Wine Industry generates over 37,000 Jobs elling before our eyes. Mind you, it’s something of a miracle that this entente was ever ravelled in the fi rst place. After all, for years and years, the normal state of affairs in Canada was that Alberta premiers would wage unceasing From wars against Liberal prime ministers. Farm: Basically, it was good politics for Ed- 2 YEARS To monton to bash Ottawa. Table: But Notley chose co-operation with Ot- tawa instead of confrontation. 8 YEARS Indeed, when Trudeau, in the name of fi ghting “climate change,” demanded pro- vincial premiers impose a carbon tax on their populations, Notley, unlike her coun- terpart in Saskatchewan, enthusiastically complied, even though it was an unpopular move among Albertans and even though it cost her much precious political capital. Notley likely assumed this pro-carbon BOTTLING & tax stance would eventually pay dividends, FARMING INVESTMENT WINEMAKING PACKAGING DISTRIBUTION MARKETING TOURISM CONSUMER as she counted on Trudeau to reward her • Agricultural production • Vineyard land • Stemming • Bottles • Transport • Advertising • Culinary tourism • Storage loyalty to his environmental agenda, by • Grape Vines • Crushing • Corks (Regional, National, • Market Research • Winery visits • Consumption using his infl uence and power to get con- • Winery • Fermentation • Labels International) • Design • Retail struction going on the oil pipelines Alberta • Storage • Boxes desperately needs for its economic health. • Pallets That didn’t exactly happen. In fact, Trudeau outright cancelled the Northern Gateway oil pipeline and essential- ly allowed the Energy East pipeline to die. VINEYARD FILTERING LIQUOR RECYCLE And although Trudeau offi cially sup- ports the Trans Mountain pipeline, he has WINERY OPERATIONS REFRIDGERATION, BOARDS, RETAILERS, done little, at least in the eyes of Albertans, TRANSPORT, EQUIPMENT PURIFICATION GROCERY to counter all the vehement political oppo- MAINTENANCE sition that’s emerged in British Columbia to its construction. Plus, just to add insult to injury, it turns out the Trudeau government is actually subsidiz- ing anti-Trans Mountain pipeline protests. Not surprisingly, all of this has re- kindled the sense of Western alienation in Alberta, which is to say Albertans are increasingly coming to believe that they’re not getting a fair deal out of Confederation. Alberta’s United Conservative Party 14 MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 | THE HILL TIMES Opinion

Gord Brown, far left, Jim Watson, Annie Smith, James Villeneuve, and Warren Kinsella, pictured at the Vanier Cup in 1990. Photograph courtesy of Warren Kinsella

Gord Brown was the Conservative Party’s hockey team Team player and team captain: Conservative MP Gord Brown, pictured in February 2017 with House Speaker Geff Regan captain.The and Conservative Senator David Wells, at a charity fundraiser hockey match. The Hill Times photograph by Andew Meade Hill Times photograph servatives and Liberals, unhappy by Andrew with the way the so-called left Meade had been running things. So I was summoned to meet I called him with him. If I wanted to be presi- dent, I had to get Gordie onside. Gordie had run Jim’s successful campaign to be the residence asso- ciation’s president. And he already Gordie, my had a seat on Carleton’s student Gord Brown, council. As a result, he was already pictured a big wheel at Carleton. with then At our meeting, he was wear- Liberal friend for more ing his Beaver Canoe sweatshirt, Sen. Jerry and he wasn’t smiling. James Grafstein, and Jim and Bob were there, too. at The Hill All of them kept a straight face, Times’ 20th than 40 years and peppered me with questions anniversary about what I’d do as president. party in Then Gordie said to me: “We 2009. The Conservative MP gence Committee of Parliamen- think Carleton should be declared Hill Times tarians. Before that, he’d been the a communism-free zone,” he said. photograph Gord Brown, 57, powerful chief opposition whip. “What do you think about that?” by Sam And, of course, he’d been the “Well,” I said, not sure if he was Garcia who died suddenly elected Member of Parliament for serious or not, “I don’t think that Leeds-Grenville and later, Leeds- would be constitutional, but we of a heart attack on Grenville-Thousand Islands could give it a shot, I guess.” Gord and Rideau Lakes—fi ve times Gordie burst out laughing. “I’m Brown and May 2 in his Hill between 2004 and 2015. In 2006, just kidding,” he said. “I’ll support Conservative offi ce, was a well- 2008, and 2011, he won with more you.” And so began a decades- MP James than 60 per cent of the vote. long friendship. Bezan. liked politician and But I called him Gordie. Some- After we won the biggest The Hill times—like back in our Carleton landslide victory in Carleton’s Times fi le a friend to many, U. student council days—we’d history, Gordie and I did make photograph actually call each other “Senator.” the communism-free motion, including to Warren Back then, we’d sit around Bree’s however. We did it to outrage the Kinsella. Inn at Carleton’s Residence Com- graduate students, and it worked. mons, drinking cheap beer out So, too, other stuff we did. My of stubbies, watching videos on God, we had fun. We were idiots, MTV, and laughing about how some days, but we had fun. we’d all get appointed to the Sen- I went off to law school in my ate and practise taking naps. hometown of Calgary, and Gordie Back then, back in 1983 or so, went off to serial achievements in and Ontario PC MPP Steve Clark back from seeing James out in there was a gang of us. Jim Wat- his Gananoque home: running his pushed the local municipalities L.A. “Hey, Warren,” he said. “It’s son, who would go on to be Ot- family’s businesses, serving as a to hire us to fi ght the casino plan. your favourite MP from Leeds- tawa’s mayor; James Villeneuve, town councillor, acting as presi- For Gananoque, Gordie told us, it Grenville Thousand Islands and who would become Canada’s dent of the Thousand Islands-Ga- would mean disaster—the loss of Rideau Lakes and I hope you’re consul general in Los Angeles; nanoque Chamber of Commerce, many jobs and plenty of services. doing well. I was down in L.A. to and Bob Richardson, who would and chairing the St. Lawrence We got to work. But the Ga- see our friend James. The other Warren Kinsella later be chief of staff to On- Parks Commission. nanoque casino was saved, in the day, we were bringing your name Th e War Room tario’s leader of the opposition, a I ran for Parliament in 1997, end, by Gordie alone—he came up—and we didn’t even take it in pollster, and an adviser to lots of and lost by many votes. He ran up with the idea of commission- vain!” He laughed. “Anyway, give powerful politicians. in 2000, and lost, too—but only ing a poll of Kingston residents. It me a call if you get a chance.” ORONTO—Gordie. That’s Me, I was destined to be by 50-something votes. When he would fi nd that there was massive I didn’t. I was busy. It slipped Twhat we called him—or I did, Carleton’s student association tried again, in 2004, he won big. opposition to moving the casino my mind—until last Wednesday at least. When someone has been president—the highest offi ce I’d He wouldn’t look back. there. The casino would stay put. morning, when I got word: Gordie one of your closest friends for ever achieve. But not before I got Over the 14 years he would One time, over breakfast at had died of a heart attack at his almost four decades, calling him Gordie’s blessing. serve as a parliamentarian, we the Royal York in Toronto, I told desk on Parliament Hill, working anything else didn’t seem right. The other guys knew him, be- would get together as often as we Gordie I was pissed off Stephen for his beloved Gananoque. It’s not that he didn’t have a lot cause they all lived in Glengarry could. We’d talk about our kids, our Harper hadn’t put him in cabinet I hadn’t called him back. I of titles that could have been ap- House, the big student residence previous marriages, our Carleton yet.He deserved it a lot more than hadn’t gotten a chance to tell him pended to his name, however. He building at the north end of cam- salad days—and politics, of course. many of the idiots with “P.C.” after that I loved him like a brother, was the chair of the House Heri- pus. I was in Russell, so I didn’t It didn’t bug him—and it didn’t bug their names, I told him. and that I was so proud of him, tage Committee. He was also the know Gordie that well. me—that we belonged to different Gordie shrugged. It didn’t bug and that—even if we never got House chair of the Canada-United We had decided to run a slate political tribes. We’d just call each him, he said, and I could tell he to be Senators together—he’d States Inter-Parliamentary Group. in the 1983 Carleton University other “Senator,” and we’d laugh. was telling the truth. He didn’t always be something way, way He was a member of the Trilateral Student Association (CUSA) elec- One time, after I set up my need any honorifi c alongside his better, to me, which was Gordie. Commission. tion. We were going to call it No Daisy Group fi rm in Toronto, name. He was happy doing what Warren Kinsella is a former He had other titles, too. He Name, after the generic black- Gordie called me. He needed he was doing. He was happy just Jean Chrétien-era cabinet staffer was the offi cial opposition’s and-yellow food line that univer- help. The Ontario lottery people being Gordie. and a former provincial and feder- representative on the top-secret sity students all ate, because it wanted to move the Gananoque A few days ago, Gordie called al election campaign war roomer. National Security and Intelli- was cheap. We were mostly Con- casino to Kingston. So Gordie me on my cell. He’d just gotten The Hill Times THE HILL TIMES | MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 15 Opinion

me. He went from being the most gracious loser I had even seen to With enemies like this, who needs friends? being the most gracious winner and I appreciate that to this day. As I began my post-political age that there was a high prob- his skill as a campaigner. I could even though I had an impres- career as a lobbyist, our roles In an era of ‘politics ability that Gord Brown and I go on about how stressful that sive 55 votes to spare. Gord was reversed and Gord now went is war,’ Gord Brown were eventually going to face off experience was for me, but I can often not a name that was in the out of his way to engage me at in the political arena. We were only imagine what the close loss mix, but I knew who my serious events. We spoke of family, sports, and I were supposed both political junkies, active in was like for Gord. opponent was. Gord had suffered local economic development, and our respective associations, close a loss that was soul the frustrations of public life. to be enemies. We in age, and had learned our craft crushing to a political What we never talked about was were supposed to from the ground up. I managed to junkie and, instead partisan politics. I can honestly get in fi rst, at the federal level, but of feeling sorry for say that I was never treated with lay awake at night could clearly hear Gord’s foot- himself, he worked anything less than respect from steps and the game was on. tirelessly on the lo- Gord or his professional staff. and plot each other’s I closely watched Gord’s gistics of uniting the One of the aspects of public life demise and we were career, from his days as a town right; knowing that that does not get enough atten- councillor in Gananoque through it was not a simple tion is the constant compromises supposed to see each his very successful tenure at the as combining lego that must be made and it is easy to helm of the Thousand Islands blocks. rationalize a work ethic that leaves other as an obstacle to Park Commission. Add to that the In the end, he little time for family. Although Gord all that was righteous. fact that he was also a progres- earned the nomina- worked at making time, his sudden sive entrepreneur, and I knew that tion and we went at it and tragic passing has robbed his Suffi ce to say that he was not to be underestimated. again, except some- family of his post-political life and Round one did not go as he thing strange hap- my heart goes out to them. never happened. planned. Keep in mind that the One of the aspects of public life that does not get pened on the way to In an era of “politics is war,” conservative movement was enough attention is the constant compromises that the political coliseum: Gord Brown and I were supposed dealing with the emergence of must be made and it is easy to rationalize a work we realized that we to be enemies, we were supposed social elements that eventually ethic that leaves little time for family. Although really were not that to lay awake at night and plot manifested into the Reform and Gord worked at making time, his sudden and tragic far apart, certainly each other’s demise and we were subsequent Reform-Alliance passing has robbed his family of his post-political on our priorities for supposed to see each other as an faction. Gord read the tea leaves life and my heart goes out to them. The Hill Times the riding, and our obstacle to all that was righteous. and in 2000 decided to stand for photograph by Sam Garcia respect for each other Suffi ce to say that never happened. the newly-formed Alliance Party, grew. One thing that I will leave descriptions of but still had to deal with the vote During that term, I always I will always admire about Gord Gord’s impressive legacy to oth- splitting infl uence of the rem- made a point to seek Gord out at was his basic decency. At the ers. I just wanted a chance to say Joe Jordan nants of the Progressive Con- events. He was always a strong national level, the 2004 election goodbye to my friend. Opinion servatives. To say it was a close advocate for local business and was a nasty one and I knew that Joe Jordan, a second genera- election does not do justice to tourism. At about this time, a I was in tough. To say Gord took tion Liberal MP who represented the fact that I managed a 55-vote number of high-profi le local the high road would be an under- Leeds-Grenville, Ont., from 1997 TTAWA—Growing up in a victory after an offi cial recount. names were being fl oated around statement, even though we both to 2004, is a senior associate at Opolitical family in Leeds- The slim margin was a tribute to about who might run in the next knew how it would end, he never BlueSky Strategy Group. Grenville, I knew from an early Gord, his political instincts and election. I was seen as vulnerable, sought to settle any score with The Hill Times

on various committees, including Public Safety, Human Resources, Gord Brown’s and Heritage. He was about to be appointed a privy councillor as a member of the National Security and Intelligence Committee for passing underscored Parliamentarians. Gord’s ability to engage mean- ingfully was such that, when I personal sacrifi ce fi rst met him in 2004, as a rookie staffer to Jim Peterson, it never occurred to me that Gord was paid by our elected a rookie MP. In 2006, when the government shifted and I moved to the private sector, Gord was gracious with his advice. He said, representatives “you were kind to us when you Gord Brown, pictured at last year’s Manning Networking Centre Conference were in government, and your with Conservative MP Deepak Obhrai. His time in Parliament was a testimony n his nearly 15 years on the boss was a good guy, so don’t to the importance that a collegial, undogmatic style can bring to politics and In an age of federal scene, Gord Brown gave change anything and certainly I government, writes Jacquie LaRocque. The Hill Times fi le photograph division, Gord his colleagues on both sides of don’t doubt yourself.” Those words the House a daily glimpse into were incredibly helpful in a deep dock on the St. Lawrence River. scored the personal sacrifi ce paid Brown’s collegial, the valuable, positive role that transition period for me. Our Besides being in public life, he by our elected representatives. can be gained from a committed, friend Charles King, who passed was a family man, a sportsman, But above all, his time in undogmatic style even-handed approach to politics away fi ve years ago, was ada- coach of kids’ hockey, and a busi- Parliament was a testimony to based on a perception of what is mant: Gord had the same impact ness owner. the importance that a collegial, —and the Hill’s best, overall, for Canadians. on him. His compassion can be felt in undogmatic style can bring to Straightforward, kind, and Among the causes Gord the tribute Brown, who grew up politics and government. Though response to it—can engaged, the MP from Leeds- championed were providing a fan of The Tragically Hip from a staunch Conservative, Brown only deepen our Grenville-Thousand Islands and better support for the “forgot- nearby Kingston, delivered in the demonstrated the worth of a bal- Rideau Lakes was revered by his ten survivors” of Thalidomide—a Commons last October on the anced approach to parliamentary commitment to staff, his fellow MPs and many of question he wrote even made its death of Gord Downie. affairs that disdains the nasty, the constituents and stakeholders way into Question Period on the “Gord Downie wrote the divisive attacks that have at times change for the better with whom he worked. The out- day after his death as read by his soundtrack to many of our lives, reduced the Commons to a com- pouring of grief in the Commons deputy leader and friend Lisa and the music he leaves behind bative sideshow. His memory can after he died on May 2 more than Raitt—strengthening Canada-U.S. will ensure that his legacy as a only deepen the commitment to demonstrated the commendable relations, expanding appreciation singer, songwriter, poet, and of change for the better in this regard impact his approach to life in of the role of Canadian soldiers in course as an advocate for many in Parliament. To me, that will be the capital had on everyone he the Italian campaign in the Sec- issues, especially, lately, the the true legacy of Gord Brown. encountered. ond World War and establishing impact of residential schools, re- Jacquie LaRocque is principal Brown came to Ottawa with a more fi nancial support for nation- mains in our collective memories,” of Compass Rose Group, a public devotion to issues and a full un- al historic sites, particularly the Brown told MPs. affairs collective in Ottawa. She derstanding of the importance of Rideau Canal. Brown spent many The sadness and emotional is a former senior adviser to the constituency politics having been years working to co-ordinate ef- devastation of his sudden passing minister of international trade in a councillor and also an active forts between the federal govern- was felt not only on the Hill but the Paul Martin government and Jacquie LaRocque leader in his local chamber. While ment and the Rockport, Ont., all over a city centred on politics a former public servant. an MP, Gord served for a time as Opinion community on the restoration of a and the business of government. The Hill Times Conservative whip and worked much-valued Customs House and Gord Brown’s passing under- 16 MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 | THE HILL TIMES News Elections Act Liberals’ major Status of Government Bills new elections HOUSE OF COMMONS Second reading: C-5, An Act to Repeal Division 20 of Part 3 of the Economic Action Plan 2015 Act, No. 1 bill to undercut C-12, An Act to amend the Canadian Forces Members and Veterans Reestablishment and Compensation Act Conservatives’ C-27, An Act to amend the Pension Benefi ts Standards Act, 1985 C-28, An Act to amend the Criminal Code (victim surcharge) spending advantage C-32, An Act related to the repeal of section 159 of the Criminal Code C-33, An Act to amend the Canada Elections Act during campaigns C-34, An Act to amend the Public Service Labour Relations Act C-38, An Act to amend an Act to amend the Criminal Code (exploitation and traffi cking in The creation of a pre- on party spending of roughly persons) $27-million or $28-million, barring C-39, An Act to amend the Criminal Code writ period with a an unusual change in the rate of (unconstitutional provisions) spending limit will population growth or infl ation. C-42, Veterans Well-being Act “The intention is to ensure a C-43, An Act respecting a payment to be made also push parties to fair and level playing fi eld with out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund to measures that will guarantee support a pan-Canadian artifi cial intelligence start running political transparency and fairness in our strategy electoral process,” said Nicky C-52, Supporting Vested Rights Under Access to ads well before the Cayer, a spokesperson for Acting Information Act campaign offi cially Democratic Institutions Minister C-56, An Act to amend the Corrections and Scott Brison (Kings-Hants, N.S.), Conditional Release Act and the Abolition of begins. when asked whether eliminating Early Parole Act the escalating spending cap was C-75, An Act to Amend the Criminal Code, the intended to ensure no party could Continued from page 1 Youth Criminal Justice Act, and other Acts outspend another during a long C-76, Elections Modernization Act campaign-style ads earlier than campaign. Committee: in the past, said Yaroslav Baran, Nelson Wiseman, a political C-59, An Act respecting national security a political consultant, pundit, and science professor at the Univer- matters former Conservative campaign sity of Toronto, said eliminating C-62, An Act to amend the Federal Public Sector communications director. the escalator is an attempt by Labour Relations Act and other Acts The government’s bill, intro- the Liberals to reduce a potential C-68, An Act to amend the Fisheries Act duced in the House on April 30, Conservative spending advantage C-69, An Act to amend the Impact Assessment will repeal a legal change made during a long campaign. Act and the Canadian Energy Regulator Act, to by the previous Conservative gov- “This is an attempt to cut back Canada’s three largest parties spend millions on partisan political advertising during amend the Navigation Protection Act ernment to increase the limit on on that,” said Prof. Wiseman. each election campaign, and changes in the government’s new elections bill could C-71, An Act to amend certain Acts and Regula- what parties can spend during an Mr. Baran said the move was mean those ads will start rolling earlier than ever before. Screengrabs from Youtube tions in relation to fi rearms election period for each day the “an acknowledgement by the Lib- C-74, Budget Implementation Act, 2018, No. 1 formal election period runs be- eral Party that they recognize that new pre-election period, begin- policies are publicly available Report stage: yond 37 days. C-76 will also limit they’re going to be out-fundraised ning on June 30. The government and include information on how C-21, An Act to amend the Customs Act election periods to a maximum of for the foreseeable future by the estimates the cap will be roughly parties collect, use, and protect C-47, An Act to amend the Export and Import 50 days, and party spending caps Conservatives.” $1.5-million for the 2019 election. personal information. Permits Act and the Criminal Code (amend- would be the same for election “As the party with the char- Federal elections are held on the Bill C-76 also attempts to crack ments permitting the accession to the Arms periods of any length. ismatic leader and as the party third Monday in October every down on political advertising by Trade Treaty) Election campaigns usually that’s in power, [the Liberals] four years, so a 50-day election foreign interest groups and make C-57, An Act to amend the Federal Sustainable run around 45 days long, and have a clear advantage in earned period would start at the begin- it easier for Canadians with dis- Development Act must span at least 36 days. media. So their opponents are ning of September 2018, for the abilities or in the military to vote, C-64, Wrecked, Abandoned, or Hazardous The 2015 election campaign going to have to work harder, and next election. That means the and increases the reimbursement Vessels Act ran for 78 days, after former Con- thereby spend money, to cam- pre-election period will be at least political candidates receive from C-65, An Act to amend the Canada Labour servative prime minister Stephen paign to get attention. So this is two months long. Elections Canada for child care Code, the Parliamentary Employment and Staff Harper dissolved Parliament at very possibly a tactical approach Mr. Baran said that would expenses, among other changes. Relations Act, and the Budget Implementation the beginning of August. Under to go after the opposition party’s likely create a “pre pre-writ period” Nancy Peckford, the executive Act, 2017, No. 1 (harassment and violence) the election spending cap formula area of strength,” he said. before June 30, in which parties director of Equal Voice, said the Third reading brought in by Mr. Harper’s gov- “Any reasonable curtailing with more money than they can boost to reimbursements for child C-48, Oil Tanker Moratorium Act ernment, all parties were allowed of campaign expenditures does legally spend after that date will care is “an important signal that Consideration of amendments made by to spend up to $54-million during potentially hamper your ability to start running political advertise- costs that are incurred by parents, the Senate: that campaign. campaign, of course,” he said. ments, which usually make up the including obviously mothers, who C-49, Transportation Modernization Act The Conservatives spent just “I think the government is biggest portion of parties’ cam- are contemplating a federal run shy of $42-million during the 2015 going to have to be careful here paign expenses. and have dependents, are being SENATE campaign—$17-million of it on to avoid a perception that they’re Bill C-76 makes a wide range recognized for the reality that Senate pre-study: radio and TV advertising, more gaming the system to their own of other changes to Canada’s elec- comes with a campaign.” C-74, Budget Implementation Act, 2018, No. 1 than on any other expense—while advantage.” tions laws. It does not bring federal Under C-76, 90 per cent of child Second reading: the Liberals actually spent slightly Cory Hann, a spokesperson for parties under federal privacy legis- care expenses incurred during a C-51, An Act to amend the Criminal Code and more, $43.1-million. However, the the federal Conservative Party, lation, contrary to the recommen- campaign would be reimbursed, the Department of Justice Act Conservatives have consistently said the Liberals were trying to dation of Liberal, Conservative, versus 60 per cent under the cur- C-55, An Act to amend the Oceans Act and the raised more money than the Liber- change the law to “tip the scales and NDP MPs on the House Ethics rent law. To qualify for reimburse- Canada Petroleum Resources Act als, and have held that advantage in their favour” because they Committee, and of Federal Privacy ment, however, candidates have to C-58, An Act to amend the Access to Informa- since the last election, drawing in can’t match the Conservatives in Commissioner Daniel Therrien. win at least 10 per cent of the vote, tion Act and the Privacy Act $68.4-million between 2015-2017, fundraising. Liberal MP Frank Baylis as is currently the case. Committee: compared to $52.5-million for the The Liberals are continuing (Pierrefonds-Dollard, Que.), Con- Ms. Peckford said the in- C-45, Cannabis Act Liberals. With fundraising costs to push hard to fi ll their party’s servative MP (Thorn- creased reimbursement was “one C-46, An Act to amend the Criminal Code (of- subtracted, the Conservatives coffers and erase the Conserva- hill, Ont.), and NDP MP Charlie step closer to creating, basically fences relating to conveyances) boosted their coffers by $52.8-mil- tive advantage. New Liberal Party Angus (Timmins-James Bay, Ont.) a fair playing fi eld” in politics C-50, An Act to amend the Canada Elections lion during that time, compared to president Suzanne Cowan sent an each told The Hill Times late last for women, who still, in general, Act (political fi nancing) $45.6-million for the Liberals, and emailed fundraising pitch to Liberal month that federal parties should shoulder a disproportionate share C-66, Expungement of Historically Unjust just $25.6-million for the NDP. supporters on April 28 asking them be brought under privacy laws. of child care responsibilities in Convictions Act The Conservatives nearly dou- to “adopt a new title—fundraiser.” All three are members of the Canada. However, paying for Third reading: bled the Liberals’ fundraising in House Ethics Committee, which is child care is one of many factors C-24, An Act to amend the Salaries Act and the the fi rst quarter of 2018, raking in Political ads could start studying the Cambridge Analyti- that go into making a decision to Financial Administration Act $6-million in donations compared ca-Facebook data breach scandal. run, so the move may not cause Consideration of Amendments made by to $3.3-million for the Liberals, rolling in June 2019 Instead, the bill simply re- signifi cantly more women to run the House of Commons and $1.4-million for the NDP. Bill C-76 also introduces a quires that parties send copies of for election, she said. S-5, An Act to amend the Tobacco Act and the If Bill C-76 is passed, the next spending cap on partisan political their own privacy policies to Elec- [email protected] Non-smokers’ Health Act election will have a hard cap advertising by parties during a tions Canada, and ensure those @PJMazereeuw THE HILL TIMES | MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 17 Money & Politics News

“There’s some softness and we’re moving towards a tighter race between the two parties,” Conservatives’ top Q1 fundraising added Mr. Baran. The latest IPSOS poll for Global News put the Liberals ahead at 36 points compared to reveals strong base, backlash to the Conservatives 35. The CBC poll tracker, which weighs dif- ferent public opinion polls, also has the two in a dead-heat, but Liberal gaff es, strategists say with the Conservatives eking out a lead by one point. A mid-April poll by Nanos Research had Mr. Trudeau’s team with a much New fundraising larger lead—41 per cent support compared to the Conservatives at numbers put the 29 per cent. “Fundraising is a leading Conservatives almost indicator not a lagging indicator,” said Chad Rogers, a partner at double the governing Crestview Strategies and former Conservative staffer. Grits, bringing in Mr. Powers cautioned against $6-million to start the suggestion it’s an entirely symbiotic relationship. 2018. “If you weren’t getting any money it’d be an issue but just because Liberals aren’t topping Continued from page 1 fundraising charts doesn’t mean negative” coverage from that trip they aren’t topping the public created an opportunity, especially opinion charts, which they have among supporters who are more been consistently.” likely to give when they think But all agreed that Mr. Trudeau their money can have impact, said had a really bad quarter, and that Tim Powers, vice-chairman of would have galvanized those who Summa Strategies. see an opportunity to give. “I have no doubt … that the “He has consistently been Conservatives were able to tap off message and living up to the into that frustration among identi- worst caricature of himself,” said fi ed and perhaps new donors,” said Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, Conservative leader Andrew Scheer, and NDP leader Jagmeet Singh. The latest quarter Mr. Rogers. During the India Mr. Powers, also noting the contro- shows the Conservatives full-steam ahead of the Liberals, raking in $6,010,812 from 40,184 contributors compared trip, Mr. Trudeau was widely versy around the Canada Summer to the Grits’ $3,307,772 from 28,960, according to Elections Canada. In distant third, the NDP raised $1,372,760 mocked by pundits and in media Jobs attestation likely galvanized from 16,132 donors. The Hill Times photographs by Andrew Meade reports for the many iterations of some. “You make hay when the traditional garb he and his family sun shines and the sun was shin- on how Canadians are reacting,” “The fact that we were in last May. Party support is solid for donned. ing for the Conservatives.” said Conservative Party spokes- government for 10 years helped a Mr. Scheer (Regina-Qu’Appelle, Mr. Rogers said there’s no The Conservatives do a good man Cory Hann. lot in ensuring the fi nancial base Sask.), and reveals a smooth lead- secret when it comes to fundrais- job of picking up on hot-button Both parties enjoyed strong has stayed loyal,” said Mr. Capo- ership transition, said Mr. Baran, ing, “no game-changing competi- issues, and crafting a strong mes- year-end quarters for 2017, bring- bianco, adding many donate in a principal at Earnscliffe Strategy tive advantage baked into one of sage quickly that will resonate ing in more than $5-million. Four smaller amounts but on a regular Group. these models,” though he said the with people willing to open their out of the fi ve previous quarters basis. “That may seem like an obvi- Liberals have superior design. wallets, he said. For the same rea- had the Liberals hovering around As one of the best periods for ous but that was never a given “The Liberals are ahead of sons, he and others suggested the $3-million mark. They showed a party in a non-election year, because Stephen Harper was the everything other party when it Liberals didn’t come close. growth, while the Conservatives the “record-breaking” quarter is only leader that the Conservative comes to technology, when it People tend to contribute more dipped in donor support but re- a strong indicator of the Conser- Party of Canada had ever know,” comes to adopting the cutting- when there’s an issue or when mained ahead. vative Party’s health, said Garry said Mr. Baran, noting the Liber- edge Obama tools and tactics, in they’re upset about something, While the quarter 1 report Keller, a vice-president at Strat- als still invoke Mr. Harper’s name having every digital trick in the strategists noted, and are less shows the Tories have a $2.7-mil- egyCorp in Ottawa and former in question period attacks, sug- book. “What they don’t have, is a likely when they feel their party lion lead, it’s likely a bit tighter chief of staff to then-Conservative gesting demonizing the new party message with lots of Canadians isn’t performing. given the party historically pays MP Rona Ambrose. leader doesn’t resonate. who want to give money.” “Fundraising strength is not much more for fundraising. That, “I don’t see it slowing down,” “This clearly shows that party The party uses Constituent just an indicator of the health of Mr. Caley said, “highlights how said Mr. Keller, pointing to anger support among the public is solid Information Management System the opposition, but also potential- grassroots Liberals are getting over the Kinder Morgan pipeline and that allows Mr. Scheer to to record who donates and what ly public resonance challenges of far more value for their donations and carbon pricing as motivating go after swing voters in the next issues resonate. the governing party,” said Yaroslav than Conservatives.” issues that will encourage people election campaign.” “They’re able to micro target Baran, who worked in communi- The Conservatives had a simi- to “speak with their dollars.” Observers were divided over donors fairly well and understand cations on numerous Conserva- lar fundraising lead in the same It also shows that new party whether donations have much their historical patterns of giving tive election campaigns. quarter last year, pulling ahead leader Andrew Scheer doesn’t connection with the polls and so that makes a difference,” said Still, this quarter the Grits by $2.5-million, a gap not seen need to worry about—or tend party support, while some sug- Mr. Powers. raised about $500,000 more than since September 2015, when they do—the party’s base after posting gested it was a validator of what On the fundraising front, Con- the same period last year, keeping brought in $10.1-million over the strong quarters since his election the polls are showing as of late. servative Party executive director them on an upward trend from Liberals’ $7.3-million. Dustin van Vugt runs a “lean but 2017, but decidedly less than 2015 The party has long had a competent team,” said Mr. Rogers. and 2016 averages. strong fundraising machine, and With retired The Conservative Fund of Liberal Party spokesman that works to their advantage, Senator Irving Canada, the party’s war chest, is Braeden Caley presented the despite the edge a governing Gerstein at the in good hands with retired Sena- quarter as a strong showing for party should have in power. helm, observers tor Irving Gerstein, observers the party, pointing to the 15.3 per Between 2015 and 2017, the Tories say the party said. Last year it also brought on cent growth in contributions from raised $66-million in direct party has a proven former prime minister Stephen the same quarter in 2017, adding donations alone, compared to fundraiser Harper to its board of direc- that their numbers are more con- $52.53-million for the Liberals. leading its tors. The Liberals have their own sistently rising compared to other But they also spent more, drop- war chest. The big-name backers, with Stephen parties over the previous years. ping $15.7-million in 2015 and Hill Times fi le Bronfman, the party’s chief fund- And in an email to supporters 2016 (the latest records available photograph raiser at the helm. on May 4, Senior Director of Fun- from Elections Canada) while the Mr. Gerstein is a proven fund- draising Christina Topp called it Grits only spent $6.9-million on raiser who has a natural instinct an “out of this world achievement” fundraising. for it, said Tory strategists, and in a bid to ask for more, acknowl- A key factor quarter after knowing what’s going to connect edged they were outraised by quarter is the party’s “loyal base,” with the public. their main competitors. pulled from the amalgamation of “There’s no secret technol- An opposition party out- the two legacy parties whose sup- ogy advantage. In reality this is fundraising a fi rst term majority porters “by and large” have stayed all shoe leather work,” said Mr. government “is not a positive en- close, said John Capobianco, a Rogers. dorsement of the path the Liber- senior partner at Fleishman-Hill- [email protected] als have put the country on based ard and Conservative strategist. The Hill Times 18 MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 | THE HILL TIMES Opinion

(e.g. Facebook, Twitter, Minister of Indigenous Instagram, LinkedIn and Services Jane YouTube) to introduce Phillpott, pictured May knowledge mobilization 2 at the Assembly of and to engage the grass- First Nations Special roots community in real Chiefs Assembly on time. Federal Legislation in This era of reconcilia- Gatinueau, Que. This tion has demonstrated the era of reconciliation pressing need for “building has demonstrated authentic Indigenous part- the pressing need nerships” with our external for ‘building stakeholders. These part- authentic Indigenous nerships are also encour- partnerships’ with our aged by the overwhelming external stakeholders, responses from agencies to writes Lea Bill. The familiarize their workplac- Hill Times photograph es regarding their Indig- by Andrew Meade enous staff, Indigenous history, Indigenous health, and Indigenous workforce (specifi cally the health workforce). Furthermore, we are currently looking at the is- sues regarding the United Nations Declarations on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP), the United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Is- sues (UNPFII), and current national strategies that The Canadian Indigenous impact Indigenous health (such as Dia- betes Canada and the AFN National First Nurses Association is in Nations Health Transformation Agenda). Indigenous nurses aim We are also engaged with Canada’s a unique environment Chief Public Health Offi cer to the Special because we’ll be able Advisory Committee to assist with our Indigenous nursing expertise in addressing to respond to TRC’s to respond to the Truth priorities identifi ed through the CPHO of- fi ce. Moreover, we will continue to work in and Reconciliation collaboration with our regional entities to Commission’s Calls to gather data, real experience and fi rst hand Call to Action 10 and 57 knowledge to identify health and wellness, Action in a fashion that best practices, prevention and promotion. We continue to work with the transition allows us to bring the of Health Canada’s First Nations and Inuit expertise of Indigenous Health Branch (FNIHB) to the Indigenous Services Canada (ISC). We are very excited nurses. at this new and competitive edge platform that allows CINA to become an engaged partner in many facets. Moreover, we are looking forward to the development of the National Nursing Symposium with our partner, the Canadian Association of Schools of Nursing (CASN). It will be through this specifi c collabora- tion that CINA will be able to address the need for mandatory curriculum modifi ca- tion of Indigenous people. The modifi ca- tions to the curriculum will be inclusive of Lea Bill all nursing students. We don’t need to teach Opinion all of our nursing students who they are but allow them to blend Indigenous and Western culture and practices. REATY SIX TERRITORY—My name Of course, we continue to be fully col- Tis Lea Bill, and I am a registered nurse laborative in the parliamentary affairs from the Treaty Six Territory. I am the pres- presented to our organization, such as the ident of the Canadian Indigenous Nurses Senate Standing Committee on Aboriginal Thank you, merci! Association (CINA), the national voice Peoples, where we presented on the legal- of First Nations, Inuit, and Métis nurses ization of cannabis issue. We know there We are so grateful to have been able to host a reception on the Hill in honour of National across the country. I am proud to say that will be other signifi cant subject matters Organ and Tissue Donation Awareness Week (April 22-28). We were truly touched to see I have served for more than 30 years in that will present themselves in the upcom- so many parliamentarians take the time to join us and pay tribute to our very special guests health nursing practices and traditional ing months. healing. In conclusion, we are also encourag- — the donors, donor families and recipients who remind us why registering our decisions We are currently in a unique environ- ing Indigenous health-care providers to to donate and having conversations about organ donation with our loved ones is so very ment because we are now able to respond become members of CINA, as we move important. to the Truth and Reconciliation Commis- forward in many of these fora. Of course, sion’s Calls to Action in a fashion that we continue to recognize the contributions A very special shout out to Assistant Deputy Speaker, Carol Hughes, and MPs allows us to bring the expertise of Indig- of our Indigenous nurses, past and pres- and for co-hosting this event, as well as for supporting us in your communities enous nurses. Not only will our expertise ent, who work in the fi eld. We acknowl- and on the Hill throughout the year. Thanks also to Health Minister Petitpas Taylor, her staff allow us to respond to the calls to action edge their tireless efforts during National relative to health, but we also aim to re- Indigenous Nurses Day this Wednesday, and Health Canada officials, for your ongoing support of Canadian Blood Services and the spond to #10 and #57 on Indigenous educa- May 9. Indigenous Nurses day was identi- patients we serve. tion and the professional development and fi ed in collaboration with the CINA board training for public servants. members, as it is the fourth day of National Our organizational structure is cur- Nursing Week, which allows us to draw on We look forward to working with all of you to save more lives. rently being revitalized to respond to the the four directions, the four medicines, and emerging environment. We also want to the signifi cance that each of these bring to focus on the inclusion of Indigenous nurs- Indigenous health. ing students across the country to be fully Lea Bill is president of the Canadian engaged in the development of a curricu- Indigenous Nurses Association and is a organtissuedonation.ca blood.ca lum in our current nursing programs. We trainer, coach, facilitator, consultant and are also looking forward to work with mil- Indigenous researcher. lennials to be using new media platforms The Hill Times THE HILL TIMES POLICY BRIEFING MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 RESEARCH & INNOVATION BROADBAND INTERNET Industry and academia IS CORNERSTONE OF react warmly to CANADIAN INDUSRTY, feds’ IP strategy, ECONOMY, TECHNOLOGY opposition MPs say it’s AND EDUCATION void of details pp. 24-25 p. 29

BAINS SAYS HE’S UNIVERSITIES: TAKING ACTION COLLABORATIVE ON INNOVATION ENGINES FOR PROMISES IN 2018 CANADA’S p. 20 SUPERCLUSTERS p. 34 LIBERALS BET The usefulness of $100-MILLION relevant knowledge: ON SATELLITES the Naylor Expert p. 26 Panel revisited p. 35 20 MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 | THE HILL TIMES Research & Innovation Policy Briefi ng

emerging technology, and Canada has the opportunity to become a leader in its development. We are Bains says he’s taking action on working closely with blockchain experts to learn how the technol- ogy could improve the delivery of government services. “As well, ISED has worked innovation promises in 2018 with companies and associa- tions to advance awareness of and grow Canada’s economy by 3D printing and skills needed to The federal innovation $50-billion over ten years. develop it, including support for minister is spending “Following the national an- the Canada Makes student com- nouncement, the negotiation of petition in designing parts using 2018 overseeing the contribution agreements began 3D print technology.” implementation of major with the fi ve industry-led consor- tia selected to execute Canada’s You recently unveiled an intel- industry programs superclusters. Negotiations remain lectual property strategy that will and rolling out the ongoing and are expected to be attempt to close certain ‘loopholes’ completed in the coming months. to discourage bad behaviour when government’s new strategy “Once contribution agreements it comes to patent infringement are fi nalized, the superclusters will and trademark abuse. How will Ot- on intellectual property. implement their ambitious plans to tawa combat patent infringement transform Canada’s economy.” and trademark abuse and fi ght so- BY JOLSON LIM called ‘patent trolls,’ and how will Critics have said that with the it monitor its progress? nnovation Minister Navdeep Superclusters project and the “The IP Strategy includes IBains has been busy in 2018. Last Strategic Innovation Fund, that the Innovation Minister Navdeep Bains, pictured speaking to journalists in the legislative amendments that will year’s budget included major invest- federal government is essentially House foyer after Question Period in October 2017, recently revealed a new strengthen Canada’s intellectual ments in industry programs, and picking winners and losers, and national IP strategy. The Hill Times photograph by Andew Meade property system to prevent abuse the four-term MP from Mississauga- not allowing Canadian industries of the system and make clear what Malton, Ont. has spent this year to organically develop on their “Thanks in part to the gov- their integration, including their are acceptable business practices overseeing their implementation. own. Why should the government ernment’s investment of up to testing, on public roads. with regards to IP. Some amend- That includes the Strategic continue to subsidize specifi c $950-million, it is estimated that “In March 2018, our Strength- ments will clarify existing provi- Innovation Fund, a $1.26-billion industries, and has it worked in the superclusters will create more than ening Motor Vehicle Safety for sions to make the system more pot of money meant to support past to develop sectors that domi- 50,000 new jobs over 10 years, add Canadians Act received Royal transparent and predictable so that “cutting edge” projects, the sub- nate on the world stage? more than $50-billion to Canada’s Assent. Under the new act, if safety businesses can focus their energy ject of a major lobbying effort on “The Canadian economy com- GDP over 10 years, and bring di- actions taken by a company are on what matters—innovation. Some the Hill. Funding has now been petes with countries around the rect benefi ts to over 450 businesses, deemed insuffi cient, the transport amendments will also help prevent promised for six projects. world for the most talented peo- 60 post-secondary institutions, and minister can now intervene and abuse of the IP system by people or There’s also the $950-million “su- ple, the newest technologies, and 180 other participants.” order a company to recall a vehicle organizations, like patent trolls. perclusters” initiative, and Mr. Bains the fastest-growing companies. to correct a defect. Previously, only “With regards to patent in- recently announced the winning The government must encourage The Senate released a report on companies had the ability to order fringement, the Patent Act will be bids following a frenzied competi- innovation for better jobs, better self-driving cars in January, urging recalls. The transport minister can amended to establish minimum tion. He said contribution nego- living standards, and better op- the federal government to take con- also order a company to pay for the requirements for the use of patent tiations with the winning partners portunities for Canadians. trol of the development and testing cost of defect recalls, as well as or- demand letters. The requirements “remain ongoing and are expected to “Through extensive consulta- of self-driving cars on Canadian der a company to fi x a new vehicle will mandate that basic informa- be completed in the coming months.” tions on the federal government’s roads. What is the federal govern- before it is sold to Canadians. tion, such as patent number and This year’s federal budget also Innovation and Skills Plan, Ca- ment doing on that front, and “As the federal government product or activities, be included announced an $85-million national nadians and businesses made it should it take a stronger role? move towards the adoption of in a demand letter alleging in- intellectual property strategy, clear that the country must focus “We recognize the importance new transportation technolo- fringement. These amendments which Mr. Bains unveiled on World on supporting fi elds that have of supporting innovators and gies, we will continue to work will discourage deceptive and/or IP Day on April 26. It includes the potential to drive innovation job creators that help develop collaboratively with a number of vague letters from being sent and legislative changes and new tools across all sectors of the economy, technologies that grow Canada’s stakeholders to address policies thereby reduce costs for the recipi- meant to put Canadian fi rms on and simplifying access to busi- economy. Canada is positioned to and regulations for these, with ent in assessing the merits of alle- equal ground with international ness innovation programming. be a leader in the design, develop- a priority goal of ensuring the gations. Stakeholder feedback will competitors in the world of IP. “The Strategic Innovation Fund ment and production of connected safety of all Canadians.” be monitored to ensure balance Ideas such as a $30-million “patent is a $1.26-billion program that aims and automated vehicles. We have a between the discouraging bad collective” will try to unite differ- to attract and support high-quality well-established automotive sector The National Research Council behaviour and the legitimate use ent fi rms to acquire IP and work business investments in Canada’s and cutting edge capabilities in has launched a trial to explore of demand letters as a low-cost together on business strategy. most dynamic and innovative sec- automotive software development, the use of blockchain technology method to assert a patent right. While stakeholders are still tors. Canadians benefi t from the parts manufacturing, secure com- in making government research “With regards to trademark anticipating more details, and op- economic spin-offs and technolo- munications, commercial vehicle- grant and funding information abuse, the Trademarks Act will position MPs are doubtful a patent gies developed under this program. to-satellite communications, and more transparent to the public. It include new grounds for bad faith collective will produce tangible re- Investment in research and develop- world-class engineering, informa- uses the Catena Blockchain Suite, trademark opposition and in- sults, Mr. Bains told The Hill Times ment promotes technology develop- tion technology and automotive a Canadian-made product built validation to prevent cluttering and that his department will be engag- ment within diverse sectors of the research and technology facilities. on the Ethereum blockchain, to misuse of the trademark registra- ing stakeholders for feedback on Canadian economy. In allocating “We will need to ensure regu- publish funding and grant infor- tion system, particularly with what many of the topics the strategy this funding, the government looks latory frameworks are fl exible, mation in real time. If the trial is known as “trademark squatting.” addresses, as well as the monitor- to accelerate economic growth, adaptable, and aligned in order successfully pans out, what would Additionally, to enforce a trade- ing patterns in the court system. strengthen and expand the role of to promote technology adoption the impact be for the public? mark, amendments will be made to Here’s what he told The Hill innovation-oriented Canadian fi rms without hindering innovation. “Blockchain is a great example require that the trademark be used Times in an email interview. in regional and global supply chains, For example, the 2018 budget of innovative technology, and how within the fi rst three years of reg- The Q&A has been edited for support economic strategies and commits $11.5-million over three government is leveraging the inno- istration. As in the case of patents, style and length. attract investment that creates new, years for targeted reviews of reg- vation capacity of a Canadian small progress will be measured through well-paying jobs. In addition, this ulatory requirements and prac- business to make government fund- stakeholder feedback and the moni- In February 2017, the government initiative promotes collaboration tices that bottleneck innovation ing more transparent. I’m proud that toring of subsequent jurisprudence.” announced its fi ve superclusters, among industry and universities, col- and growth in Canada, including Canadians are playing a leading role focusing on the ocean, digital tech- leges and research institutions. These on transportation and infrastruc- in its development. If successful, this The federal government also nology, protein industries, advanced partnerships encourage technology ture and emerging technologies, particular Blockchain product will plans to create an independent manufacturing, and artifi cial transfer and the development of a such as autonomous vehicles. make government information and ‘patent collective’ as a pilot proj- intelligence-powered supply chains. highly skilled workforce. “The Senate’s work will also funding more accessible and more ect. What will that address? What’s the latest update on that “The Innovation Superclusters assist in guiding collaborative readily available, and that’s always a “The patent collective is an initiative, and where do you see it Initiative is unique in the level of federal, provincial, and territo- good thing.” initiative to bring together small to heading in the second half of 2018? collaboration it has inspired, with rial efforts to develop a coher- medium-sized businesses to support “The federal government the private sector, academic institu- ent national approach that will What other actions has ISED better collective IP outcomes. A launched the Innovation Super- tions, not-for-profi t organizations facilitate the safe introduction of done to promote blockchain, in- third party, chosen by a competitive clusters Initiative—a centrepiece and communities coming together these technologies to Canadian dustrial 3D printing, and genet- request for proposal process, will of its Innovation and Skills to turn ideas into solutions. roads. On Jan. 29, the federal, pro- ically-modifi ed lifeforms—areas work together with fi rms to share Plan—to create the well-paying, “Business-led superclusters are vincial, and territorial ministers seen by tech gurus as spots for IP best practices, provide patent resilient jobs of the future and engines of job creation and growth, responsible for transportation major growth? intelligence and support, and obtain more opportunities for Canadian and they have enormous potential and highway safety also endorsed “We are committed to help de- access to patents to help remove businesses to grow into globally- to energize regions, sectors, and the a report on the opportunities and velop domestic technologies and barriers to fi rms’ growth.” successful brands. Superclusters development of new technologies. In- challenges associated with auto- support the entrepreneurs that will Read the full Q&A at www. are expected to generate more dustry partners are required to match mated vehicles, and they agreed lead innovation in Canada. Block- hilltimes.com. than 50,000 new middle-class jobs government funding dollar for dollar. to develop a strategy to facilitate chain is a great example of an [email protected] Dr. Sheila Singh Associate Professor, Surgery Canada Research Chair in Human Cancer Stem Cell Biology

Michael Noseworthy, Professor, Electrical and Computer Engineering

Canada’s most research intensive university It’s a simple but ambitious goal – ensure our research improves the health and well-being of all people. It’s also our passion and our responsibility. We’re proud of our past and focused on the future as we create a Brighter World.

Learn more at BrighterWorld.ca 22 MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 | THE HILL TIMES Research & Innovation Policy Briefi ng

scientists to speak about their investment in fundamental ties and small and medium-sized work. scientifi c research, which your enterprises; restoring research ex- Duncan dishes “This is part of a larger effort government delivered on in the cellence within the NRC; support- to put evidence-based decision latest budget. What else are you ing companies in growing to scale making at the heart of our gov- doing to implement the recom- and exporting; and revitalizing the ernment, an effort that includes mendations in the report? Is there NRC’s research environment. on unmuzzling our recent investment of nearly anything in the report not an- “The NRC has developed a $4-billion for research in Bud- nounced in the budget that you’re variety of new initiatives that get 2018. It is the single largest still planning to work on? will amplify its status as a place scientists, investment in discovery research “Perhaps the most important where researchers can col- in Canada’s history. step was the historic invest- laborate. I am proud of the staff “The budget also earmarks ment of nearly $4-billion in new and leadership at the NRC who $2.8-billion in support of renewed money for discovery research remain committed to bringing to- diversity around federal laboratories that are used made through Budget 2018. This gether the best and most diverse to generate the evidence needed funding will help some 21,000 minds from academia, industry, to ensure the health and safety of researchers across Canada, in- and government so they can de- Canadians. Take this all as a sign cluding early-career researchers, liver breakthroughs that matter to the research table, that we are committed to rebuild- undergrads, masters and doctoral Canadians.” ing Canada’s science capacity. We students, and research assistants Budget 2018 committed know that a shift in culture takes and technicians. $572.5-million over fi ve years, and data security time, but we have the perseverance “Beyond funding, we estab- with $52-million per year on- to deliver on our pledge to federal lished the Canada Research Co- going, to implement a Digital percentage of GDP, but is an out- scientists and all Canadians.” ordinating Committee in October Research Infrastructure Strategy The Digital Research lier in that funding from federal 2017 to achieve greater harmoniza- that will deliver more open and government sources accounts for As both the minister for Science tion among the granting councils equitable access to advanced Infrastructure less than 25 per cent of that total, and the minister for Sport and and the Canada Foundation for computing and big data resources while institutions now underwrite Persons with Disabilities, how Innovation. My colleague Minister to researchers across Canada. Strategy, worth 50 per cent of these costs with are you ensuring that people with Bains and I will also be moving How is this strategy expected to $572.5-million over adverse effects on both research disabilities are given the same to establish a new science and in- help federal researchers? and education,” it read. access to science, technology, and novation advisory body to provide “Digital research infrastruc- fi ve years, will It recommended the govern- research-based careers as those our government with independent, ture (DRI) provides the high- ment make signifi cant invest- who are not disabled? expert and transparent advice.” speed networking and computing ‘help researchers ments in fundamental, or discov- power needed to analyze big data ery-led, research, and develop across the country. It also pro- collaborate and solve increased coordination between vides the tools so that researchers each of the granting councils—the can store all that big data. challenges around Social Sciences and Humanities “Our Budget 2018 investment issues such as health, Research Council (SSHRC), the of more than $572-million for Natural Science and Engineering the implementation of a DRI climate change, Research Council (NSERC), and Strategy. It will help researchers the Canadian Institutes of Health collaborate and solve challenges and food and cyber Research (CIHR)—and the Can- around issues such as health, ada Foundation for Innovation climate change, and food and security,’ Minister (CFI). The government delivered cyber security. We will be devel- said. on many of those recommenda- oping the strategy over the com- tion in its latest budget. ing months in consultation with Meanwhile, Ms. Duncan has key partners, including provin- BY EMILY HAWS also signed a joint letter with cial governments and research Treasury Board President Scott institutions.” oming off a so-called “science Brison (Kings-Hants, N.S.) and Cbudget” that infused $4-bil- PIPSC president Debi Daviau to Lastly, How are you working lion into Canada’s science and unmuzzle government scientists with Innovation, Science, and research community and $2.8-bil- by enshrining the right to speak Economic Development Minister lion to renew federal science labs, freely within their collective Navdeep Bains to advance the de- you could say it’s been a pretty agreements. velopment of smart cities? Is the good start to 2018 for Science In an exclusive interview, government investing in research Minister Kirsty Duncan. Ms. Duncan talks diversity, the around data privacy, given both Federal departments will importance of allowing federal the development of smart cities have a model policy on science scientists to speak freely, and new and the Cambridge Analytica integrity by the end of the year in government privacy regulations. scandal? order to develop their own poli- This email interview has been “Through the Smart Cit- cies on, Ms. Duncan (Etobicoke edited for length and clarity. Science Minister Kirsty Duncan says improving the equity and diversity of ies Challenge we are enabling North, Ont.) told The Hill Times in research community is a key priority in her vision for science in Canada. The change in communities but that an email interview last week, add- You recently announced a joint Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade change is not without its obsta- ing that her government is com- letter with Professional Institute cles, including in the area of data mitted to evidence-based decision of the Public Service Debi Daviau “The community has certainly “In recognition of this historic management. making. and Treasury Board President changed since my years as a opportunity for real change, we “We know that we must “As part of our commitment Scott Brison reaffi rming your researcher, a change which many have coupled our investments balance technological innova- to ensuring our federal scientists commitment to unmuzzle govern- will agree is for the better. But we with clear objectives that will tion and a strong economy with feel free to speak about their ment scientists by enshrining the know more needs to be done to help Canada’s next generation of Canadians’ peace of mind. That is important work, [Chief Science right to speak freely within their bring greater inclusion. researchers so that they are more why our government has intro- Adviser Mona] Nemer has been collective agreements. What are “Improving equity, diversity, diverse and better supported than duced regulations that will make asked to work with the Treasury the next steps on this issue, and and inclusion in the research ever before.” companies more accountable and Board Secretariat, the Profession- do you think you can realistically community is a key priority in my empower Canadian consumers. al Institute of the Public Service complete a culture shift by the vision for science in Canada. Our Budget 2018 announced funding “As of Nov. 1, when new of Canada (PIPSC), and science- end of your mandate? labs, classrooms and boardrooms for a “re-imagined” National Re- Personal Information Protec- based departments and agencies, “We vowed to bring back must refl ect Canada, with a wide search Council, proposing to in- tion and Electronic Documents to develop a model policy on sci- respect for science in Canada range of perspectives and people vest $540-million over fi ve years, Act (PIPEDA) regulations come ence integrity,” she said. “Informa- and we started delivering on that to make science and our society starting in 2018–19, and $108-mil- into force, companies will have tion on this and other activities promise on day one. Our actions better. lion annually to reinforce its to inform Canadians if their of the Offi ce of the Chief Science followed a decade where federal “Through Budget 2018, we will research strengths and become a private information is at risk or Adviser will be released as part scientists were muzzled by the be collecting more data on under- better industry collaborator. Why stolen. Should they fail to do so, of the CSA’s annual report in Conservatives. Their disregard represented groups, including was this “re-imagining” needed? they will face severe fi nancial December 2018.” for research, scientists, and facts persons with disabilities, to in- “In August 2016, Minister penalties. Although Canada’s scientifi c prompted our science community form granting council programs. Bains and I tasked the incoming “Also, the Offi ce of the Pri- discoveries and inventions are to protest the Death of Evidence We will put forward clear targets President of the National Re- vacy Commissioner of Canada is often a source of national pride, on Parliament Hill. and annual reporting procedures search Council (NRC) to lead a mandated under PIPEDA to fund Canada’s Fundamental Science “We stand fi rmly behind the to measure progress. We will also renewal process within the NRC independent non-profi t research Review, known as the Naylor principle that government scien- be giving grants to institutions to and position it as the centre of and knowledge translation initia- Report, noted the proportion of tists can discuss their work with tackle challenges in participation research excellence and collabo- tives. Each year, researchers are federally-derived research fund- each other, with Canadians, and and career advancement faced by ration. encouraged to propose projects ing has declined compared to its with the media. underrepresented groups.” “Following a year-long internal that generate new ideas, ap- global counterparts. “That is why Minister Brison consultation, the NRC president is proaches, and knowledge about “Canada ranks well globally and I joined Ms. Daviau in the Canada’s Fundamental Science now implementing recommenda- privacy.” in higher education expenditures signing of an open letter empha- Review, known as the Naylor re- tions received from staff. These [email protected] on research and development as a sizing the freedom of government port, recommended an increased include engaging with universi- The Hill Times FROM SPACE TO HEALTH CARE

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26 MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 | THE HILL TIMES Research & Innovation Policy Briefi ng Liberals bet $100-million on satellites

Minister of Innovation, Science and Eco- even have access to internet then how can duces latency problems that have normally As Liberals invest in low nomic Development Navdeep Singh Bains they see what’s going on around them? accompanied satellites in the past. (Mississauga-Malton, Ont.) told the House How can they create a world for them- Traditionally, a satellite has been used orbiting satellites for rural Industry, Science and Technology Commit- selves that gives them hope for the future?” as a short-term, last-resort fi x, as it is less tee on May 1. He said high-speed internet Liberal MP Dan Ruimy (Pitt Meadows- reliable than the wired internet, such as broadband coverage, others is essential for business, education, and Maple Ridge, B.C.), chair of the House fi bre optics internet, which has the abil- prefer a focus on fi bre. health care and to bridge the digital divide Industry Committee, told The Hill Times ity to send more data capacity and has a between rural and urban Canada. last week in a phone interview. good life span on its wired infrastructure, BY NEIL MOSS “The longer these underserved regions Sixteen per cent of Canadians are according to Michael McNally, a Univer- lag behind their urban counterparts, the without access to the acceptable speeds sity of Alberta professor at the School of s part of the Innovation, Science and more it hinders [Canada’s] social and of 50 Megabits per second download and Library and Information Studies and an AEconomic Development’s $1.26-billion economic development,” Christopher Seidl, 10 Megabits per second upload, which is expert on telecommunications who submit- Strategic Innovation Fund, the Liberal govern- CRTC’s executive director for telecommu- considered the minimum speed by CRTC ted a report to the committee on behalf of ment is investing $100-million over the next nications, told the committee last Novem- standards. A number of groups submitting the Van Horne Institute. fi ve years in low Earth orbiting (LEO) satellite ber. The CRTC labelled broadband access briefs to the House Industry Committee “The market has utterly rejected satel- technology to provide broadband access to an essential service and estimates that ru- wrote they thought the 50/10 requirement lite,” states a report issued by the Institute rural communities where internet is slow, in- ral areas will not have acceptable internet was too low and will not keep pace with for Local Self-Reliance, a U.S. community consistent, or non-existent, but there are some speeds for another 10 to 15 years. technological improvements over time. development advocacy group, which was questioning if fi bre optics is a better fi x. “When you look at some of the smaller The LEO satellites orbit at an altitude also submitted to the committee. “We have “Investments in high-speed internet in areas that are struggling with high unem- of about 1,000 kilometres as opposed to yet to fi nd a household that uses satellite rural and remote communities is almost ployment ... and the attempted suicides in the geostationary satellites operating at when DSL, cable, fi bre, or terrestrial wire- a matter of life and death in some cases,” First Nation [communities], if they don’t an altitude of 35,000 kilometres, which re- less is available in any meaningful way.” Christopher Mitchell, the author of the report and the director of community broadcast networks at the Institute for Lo- cal Self-Reliance, told The Hill Times that he thinks new LEO satellites could offer a solution for the unique problems that face Canada’s remote regions. “If that’s literally your only option then it becomes reason- able and it’s certainly far preferable to the satellite services of today which are in geostationary orbit,” he said. There are also questions of how the in- vestment will fi t into a broader connectivity plan. Prof. McNally said the federal govern- ment lacks a strategy to best bring broad- band access to remote areas that incorpo- rates provincial governments. “We have a real lack of strategy and that’s what allows for all this confusion over how we should go about solving broadband,” he said. Better health The Liberals have not identifi ed which geographic areas can be served by fi bre connection and which have to be served by satellite because of their remoteness of benefits for the regions. Craig Dobson, principal at Taylor War- wick, an information and communications technology consulting fi rm, found that only an area with a density of less than everyone. two “premises,” or “buildings” per square kilometre needs a non-fi bre internet con- nection, according to Prof. McNally. Conservative MP (Ed- Canadians should be able to monton Riverbend, Alta.), his party’s sci- ence critic, said in a statement to The Hill Times last week, “LEO [satellites] are seen afford the medicines they need, as the suitable solution for the most rural and remote regions, but there are a host of in a way that is affordable for other varieties of broadband, such as fi bre optic, that can be implemented by smaller governments and taxpayers. providers across the country.” “If we were able to bring gas and electricity and roads to people’s premises, even if that’s the farm down the road, we betterhealthbenefits.ca need to certainly think about connectivityst broadband being similar for the 21 cen- tury,” said Prof. McNally. He parallelled gas lines and electric wires going into a house to fi bre optic cables. In a statement to The Hill Times, In- novation, Science and Economic Develop- ment said, “There is no single technology or solution that can address all the needs in rural and remote areas.” Canadian Life and Health Insurance Like many developing technologies, it is unclear how expensive it will be to imple- Association ment LEO satellites. Since the satellites are faster moving than the geostationary satel- lites, there needs to be a fl ock of satellites to cover a certain area, said Prof. McNally. In the 2016 budget, the Liberals an- nounced the “Connect to Innovate” initia- tive which will invest $500-million by 2021 to bring high-speed internet to 300 rural areas that have been without broadband access due to their population size or geo- graphic barriers. The Hill Times THE HILL TIMES | MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 27 Policy Briefi ng Research & Innovation Push for diversity, Internationally, cooperation in the research community Canada’s a beacon goes beyond ‘business as for science and usual,’ say industry groups scientists researchers, and $15-million over fi ve years ‘There needs to be a greater research, the countries that fare the best will be to implement programs to support “im- The world’s research alignment in terms of proved equality and diversity in academia those with research communities that are open, at post-secondary institutions.” community is taking notice resilient and confi dent in the face of change. authority, responsibility, The funding has yet to be released to the Last month, I was delighted to welcome Canada Research Coordinating Committee, and many scientists are now 25 new Canada 150 Research Chairs during and accountability across which is in charge of the collaboration and a celebration in Ottawa. These new chairs are diversity efforts for the councils and the seeing a brighter future for bringing their world-class research to Canada the research councils,’ says Canada Foundation for Innovation. including Australia, France, the United States, So far it’s developed a work plan ad- themselves in our country. South Africa and the United Kingdom. HealthCareCAN president dressing the priorities outlined in a letter The arrival of these prominent scien- from Science Minister Kirsty Duncan (Eto- tists, researchers and scholars stands as and CEO Paul-Émile bicoke North, Ont.) and Health Minister one of our country’s greatest brain gains. Cloutier. (Moncton-River- Take James Famiglietti. Most probably view-Dieppe, N.B.), including conducting a think that being a researcher at NASA review of the barriers faced by underrepre- would be the pinnacle of a career. But Fami- BY EMILY HAWS sented groups amongst grant recipients. glietti is leaving NASA’s Jet Propulsion Lab On March 27, CRCC chair Ted Hewitt, in California to join the Global Institute for bservers are applauding the govern- also president of SSHRC, said in a state- Water Security at University of Saskatoon. Oment’s decision to use this year’s bud- ment the committee is eager to “seize the His mission: to track how the availability of get to promote diversity amongst research- opportunities presented by budget 2018.” freshwater is changing around the world. Science Minister Kirsty Duncan ers and collaboration between the three NSERC spokesperson Valérie Levert-Ga- His work will also have important implica- main research granting councils, saying gnon said the budget aligned with its strate- Opinion tions for food and energy security, water it shows the government is serious about gic plan, including investing in early-career policy, and cross-border water issues. science. researchers and other diversity initiatives. Carolyn Fischer is another newly recruit- However, despite the widespread cel- Mr. Davidson said survey funding will ake a look at the world right now and ed Canada 150 Research Chair who will ebration, both Universities Canada and help Universities Canada understand the re- Tyou will see that there are countries soon be part of the faculty at the University HealthCareCAN say there is still more search community’s makeup, as the organi- where support for science is on the decline. of Ottawa. Fisher’s research explores the work to do to implement the recommen- zation wants “to make sure that our institu- In some instances, scientists have been factors that can shape the creation of clean dations of Canada’s fundamental science tions refl ect contemporary Canada.” Women, muzzled or funding for research has been technology policies and strategies. Her review, dubbed the Naylor Report after re- people with disabilities, and Indigenous scaled back. research is crucial to countries, including port chair and former people are underrepresented, he noted. That is not the case in Canada today. In Canada, that believe a clean environment president David Naylor. Last October, the organization came up fact, internationally, we are viewed as a bea- and a strong economy go hand in hand. Universities Canada president Paul Da- with seven Principles for Equity, Diversity, con for science and for scientists. The world’s There is also Shireen Hassim from vidson said the review was supposed to be and Inclusion, including maintaining an research community is taking notice and South Africa. She is coming to Carleton’s multi-year, and he expects future budgets action plan and addressing access and op- many scientists are now seeing a brighter Institute of African Studies where she will to follow through. HealthCareCAN presi- portunity issues. It compliments a similar future for themselves in our country. encourage a collaborative and cross-disci- dent and CEO Paul-Émile Cloutier echoed document discussing reconciliation. Nowhere was that more evident than plinary approach to advancing research in the sentiment, saying he hoped it was part “[Inclusive excellence] was really well when we launched the Canada 150 Research gender, politics and Africa. Her work will of a long-term national strategy, and not a framed by some of the presidents on our Chairs program last year. Our universities include exploring what democracy means one-off infusion of cash. research committee, that said ‘you really were fl ooded with thousands of applications for women and the effectiveness of govern- The Liberals’ latest budget announced can’t say you have excellence unless you from people who want to move to $925-million over the next fi ve years for have a diversity of voices, a diversity of a country that is intent on ensuring the Natural Sciences and Engineering perspectives, a diversity of disciplines ap- its researchers have the means to Research Council (NSERC), the Social proaching these big challenges,’” he said. pursue their ambitions. Sciences and Humanities Research Council Mr. Hewitt briefed Universities Cana- Some people wondered (SSHRC), and the Canadian Institutes for da’s research committee, said Mr. David- why we would offer funding to Health Research (CIHR), which are the son, but it’s still early days yet. There are researchers who do not live in main granting councils. Together, they’re a handful of places to apply for interdisci- Canada. After all, we are home known as the tri-council. plinary research grants, he said, but often to some of the world’s best and NSERC and SSHRC usually fund ideas fall through the cracks. brightest. Why not fund our own? post-secondary research, while the CIHR The tri-council can coordinate by better I will be the fi rst to admit that funds research hospitals. The budget also aligning application processes, deadlines, Canadian research talent is wor- announced $275-million over fi ve years for or defi nitions, he said, so researchers are thy of the world’s envy. From new interdisciplinary, higher risk research to be able to pursue their best ideas. Mr. Cloutier medical treatments and quan- Science Minister Kirsty Duncan, pictured Nov. 2, 2017, administered by SSHRC. said there is some feeling the three coun- tum computing technologies, to at the Canadian Science Policy Conference discussing the The funding represents a 25 per cent cils are siloed. breakthroughs in ocean and agri- federal government’s plan to boost fundamental research in increase in “fundamental research”—or “There needs to be a greater alignment culture research, and advances in Canada. Photograph courtesy of the Government of Canada discovery-led research—over existing lev- in terms of authority, responsibility, and artifi cial intelligence, their legacy els by 2021. The need to support fundamen- accountability across the research coun- of accomplishments deserves to be praised ment strategies in advancing the status of tal research was highlighted in the Naylor cils,” he said. “The greater the collaboration, and rewarded. And that is precisely what women in parliament and society. report, which also recommended increas- the greater leverage you’ll have, and you’ll we did. In the 2018 budget, our government James, Carolyn, Shireen and their ing the diversity amongst federally-sup- be able to achieve a more robust science made the single largest investment in dis- Canada 150 Research Chair counterparts ported researchers by setting targets and system in Canada.” covery research in Canada’s history; nearly will soon join the members of our country’s increasing collaborative efforts amongst He said he thinks putting diversity is- $4-billion in new funding that will give our outstanding research community. Their the tri-council. sues front and centre stimulates people to country’s scientists, scholars, and students contributions, which will include training The budget also announced that the think about it, and therefore take action. the opportunities and tools they need to new generations of students and collabo- granting council will be tasked with “devel- It’s not business as usual, said Mr. conduct ground-breaking research. rating with Canadian researchers, will add oping new plans, strategies, and targets to Davidson, “it’s more money and ‘how do But I also know that to build an even to the wealth of knowledge we rely on to ensure greater collaboration...and support we make that money have great impact by stronger, innovative, and more diverse research guide our decisions. In return, our newly for interdisciplinary research” and achieve pursuing international collaboration, by community, we have everything to gain by recruited Canada 150 Research Chairs can better diversity amongst grant recipi- pushing collaborative approaches, by coor- inviting other great minds to join us. A strong be confi dent they are moving to a country ents, including women, underrepresented dinating the work of the granting councils?’ and creative research community is made that believes the path to a brighter, more groups, and early-career researchers. so that more impact can be felt in the labs up of researchers of different backgrounds, inclusive, future must begin with research. The government provided $6-million and in the communities across the country.” genders, experiences, interests, strengths, Science Minister Kirsty Duncan is also over fi ve years, and $500,000 per year [email protected] and abilities. And in a time when so much of the Liberal MP for Etobicoke North, Ont. afterwards, for surveys to collect data on The Hill Times our future well-being relies upon science and The Hill Times 28 MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 | THE HILL TIMES Research & Innovation Policy Briefi ng Delighted with 2018 budget, scientists eye funding for ‘open’ grant competitions as next step

Nor did it entirely fulfi ll the “single While the Liberals produced most important” recommendation of the review, which was to increase base A researcher working benchside at Spartan Bioscience Inc. in Ottawa in September 2017. the largest-ever one-time funding for investigator-led research by Scientists across the board applauded the Liberal government’s commitments to research in the $485-million to $2.15-billion annually, 2018 budget. The Hill Times photograph by Sam Garcia investment for scientifi c phased in over four years. research in a federal Most of that increase, the federally- from 24 per cent between 2006-10 to 1.6 per help younger researchers and scientists commissioned review recommends, should cent in 2011-15. who want to take bigger risks in order to budget, they didn’t fulfi ll all go towards open competition for funds Many scientists criticized the last reach bolder discoveries. provided through the country’s three Conservative government for emphasiz- The Liberals also haven’t created a of the recommendations of granting councils, which focus on health, ing applied research over basic science national advisory council to oversee the natural, and social sciences, respectively. in highly-competitive contests for limited entire federal research landscape, which the Naylor report. Commonly called the Naylor report after grant funding. the Naylor report recommends as a way the review’s chair, Dr. David Naylor, it calls Discovery-driven work involves plenty to improve co-ordination between differ- for grant competition funding to increase of trial and error and serendipity that don’t ent agencies, develop national goals, and BY JOLSON LIM by $405-million by 2020. always lead to breakthroughs, making it monitor performance. It would include The Liberals only pledged an increase less appealing for governments trying to Chief Science Adviser Mona Nemer and he 2018 federal budget gave new hope of $235-million by the end of the Naylor re- spur economic growth. report to the Prime Minister’s Offi ce. Tto Canadian scientists, but they knew port’s proposed four-year phase-in period, Mark Lautens, a professor of organic The federal government fulfi lled part of their job as advocates wasn’t done. about 60 per cent of what it calls for. chemistry at the University of Toronto, said that responsibility by forming the Canada “We were defi nitely pleased with the “That is really the core of what scien- “wide-open” competitions allow research- Research Coordinating Committee to im- results. There was a lot of money there for tists had been pushing for,” said Ms. Gibbs, ers to apply for funding and be evalu- prove the co-ordination between the three science,” said Katie Gibbs, executive direc- “and we didn’t didn’t really get to where ated based on scientifi c merit rather than granting councils and the Canada Founda- tor of research advocacy group Evidence we need to be.” “overlaid” priorities pushed by the federal tion for Innovation (CFI). for Democracy. Before 2017, federal support for basic government. Prof. Lautens said an oversight council “But we are all realistic that there is still science research—”bench-to-bedside” “When you have a wide-open competi- could “make sure the right criteria is being more work to do.” research forming a base of knowledge tion, there’s not somebody in the back- applied,” including diversity, open competi- While the Liberals earmarked $3.8-bil- needed before a discovery is ever commer- ground saying, ‘this is what we want you to tion, and free ideas. lion in new spending, the largest-ever cialized—shrank dramatically. fi nd,’” said Prof. Lautens, who received the The Liberals also didn’t meet the one-time investment for scientifi c re- A 2016 report by Global Young Acade- Order of Canada in 2014 for his research report’s funding recommendations on sup- search in a federal budget, the Canadian my, an international society of young scien- on reducing environmental impact and porting indirect costs of hosting research, government didn’t move on all of the core tists, found federal support for fundamen- waste in the production of pharmaceutical something Ms. Gibbs predicted because recommendations found in April 2017’s tal research declined by $535-million in products. overhead costs “are the least-sexy thing to blue-ribbon Fundamental Science Review 2015 compared to a decade before. Success He said more funding should be provid- fund.” report. rates for grant applications also dropped ed to such competitions because it would The government also didn’t produce specifi c support for graduate students and trainees, but stated that it will be doing further work to determine how to better support them through scholarships and fellowships. Prior to the budget’s release, scientists mobilized around the recommendations of the Naylor report. Many scientists fl ooded social media channels the #SupportTheRe- port hashtag. There was “unprecedented unity” among scientists, and the Naylor report provided a roadmap of what they were all pushing for in the budget, Ms. Gibbs said. Budget measures also included creat- WE ARE ing 250 Canada Research Chairs meant for early career researchers, signalling a move away from big-ticket programs for a small handful of older scientists. “What the government has done over the last 18 months really has reaffi rmed INNOVATION. the position of science, with the appoint- ment of the chief science adviser, with the creation of the research co-ordinating committee, the investment of funds, the way the prime minister talks about science in public,” said Paul Davidson, president of Universities Canada. “But there’s a lot more work to be done. I don’t want to pretend that all issues have National voice of research hospitals in Canada been settled.” [email protected] The Hill Times THE HILL TIMES | MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 29 Policy Briefi ng Research & Innovation

tion for businesses Finance Minister to invest, grow and , Broadband internet is create jobs. This pictured on the Hill. government expects This is where the that the supported Strategic Innovation cornerstone of Canadian projects will add at Fund plays a role; least 5,000 high- in the 2017 budget quality middle-class the government jobs to our innova- committed industry, economy, tion economy over $1.26-billion over the coming years. fi ve years, writes Rather than focus- Liberal MP Dan ing just on certain Ruimy. The Hill technology and education areas of industry; Times photograph by the fund will also Andrew Meade attract and support the chance to meet and hear from automotive and defence sectors new high-quality While Canada has the many promising and determined of industry, missing opportuni- business invest- for Advantech Satellite Networks entrepreneurs, who inspire my ties to fund other dynamic and ments in emerging sectors like to develop an advanced satel- talent, the capabilities own excitement for Canada’s emerging sectors. The inability to clean tech, agri-food, digital indus- lite broadband network that will and the passion, it is innovative future. Despite their secure capital funding has caused tries, health and bio-sciences and improve satellite communication ambition and many successes, many new fi rms and technologies advanced manufacturing. systems and create or maintain up to our government fi rms continue to face a critical to fail or leave Canada for more Our committee has spent the more than 95 jobs in Quebec. gap in Canada’s current inno- competitive markets. past few years studying Canadian This is a direct example of how to ensure that our vation scheme that limits their The Strategic Innovation Fund sectors of industry, innovation the partnership between the development capabilities. At the will also help Canada to effective- and technology. We have seen the Strategic Innovation Fund and in innovation thrives. core of this gap, is the struggle ly compete for these crucial invest- critical gaps amongst Canadian this instance a Canadian service to access the necessary capital, ments. Despite previously steady fi rms and businesses that pro- provider, fosters business growth whether through fi nancial institu- levels of foreign direct investment, grams like the Strategic Innova- and technologicalst development. tion loans, personal savings or Canadian businesses have been tion fund help support. Just this In the 21 century, it has be- academic grants. experiencing a plateau over the past month, the INDU committee come clear that prosperity comes This is where the Strategic last fi ve years, causing fi rms to released a report on bridging the from innovation. Innovation Fund plays a role; have to compete for these major last mile gap in rural broadband In Canada, we are lucky to be in the 2017 budget the govern- large-scale investments across a service. The study, Broadband home to world-class technology ment committed $1.26-billion range of global competitors. The Connectivity in Rural Canada: managed by promising start-up over fi ve years. In order for these Strategic Investment Fund will Overcoming the Digital Divide, fi rms, with ambitious goals of fi rms to develop new produc- attract foreign direct investment seeks to ensure that all Canadian growth. While Canada has the tion lines, scale-up, or invest to fund research, product develop- sectors of industry have the basic talent, the capabilities and the pas- Liberal MP Dan Ruimy in research there must be the ment, strengthen Canadian supply tools that are crucial to growth, sion, it is up to our government to Opinion fi nancial support of investors. chains and foster tech spillovers development and productivity. ensure that our innovation thrives. While there were a number of for smaller innovators and start- Broadband internet is the Liberal MP Dan Ruimy, who programs that fostered innovation up fi rms, in order for businesses cornerstone of Canadian indus- represents Pitt Meadows-Maple s chair for the House Indus- prior to the funds announcement across all sectors to thrive. try, economy, technology and Ridge, B.C., is chair of the Indus- Atry, Science and Technology and implementation, these nar- The fund will also help to education. In the 2018 fi scal year, try House Committee. Committee (INDU), I have had rowly focused on the aerospace, secure Canada as a top destina- $11.5-million has been allocated The Hill Times

and Humanities Research Council has already happened, and that humans. From the Americas, to (SSHRC), all of whom were left continues to happen. Canada can the Far-East, countries around the Science is a key without any funding in the 2017 be a world leader. globe have already established budget and only millions in the We’re already a global leader federally-funded centres dedicat- years before that leaving a lot of in biomedical research but Cana- ed to developing and validating catching up to do. dians still do not have safe and alternatives to animal testing. building block Canada has not yet committed CCAAM is ready to this alternative. to replace animal CCAAM is ready to replace testing with the newer animal testing with the newer for the economy alternatives—testing alternatives—testing on stem cells on stem cells and and developing treatments for cience is a key building block developing treatments individual human health circum- But over the last Sfor the economy and com- for individual human stances. They just need commit- munity development. Over the health circumstances. ment from the federal govern- decade, funding cuts last decade, funding cuts have They just need ment to turn ideas into action compounded a general attack on commitment from the and Canada can keep pace with have compounded evidence-based analysis lead- federal government to the world. There are many more ing away the brightest and best turn ideas into action examples of how Canada can be a general attack on researchers and scientists from and Canada can keep bold and move science to the front evidence-based federal institutions and universi- pace with the world. of economic and health policy. ties. New Democrats have ada- Photograph courtesy of Without question, innova- analysis leading mantly opposed funding cuts and Wikimedia Commons tive research has progressed have stood up for our scientists signifi cantly over the last decade away the brightest throughout the years with calls Research in Canada has con- effective treatments for some of regardless of minimal federal for every consecutive government tinued, despite these cuts. Now the most prevalent diseases today. funding levels. The commitment and best researchers to invest in Canada in order to we must ensure that the research Many research breakthroughs by Canada’s researchers and and scientists from help us become a global leader done in the years of failed fund- from labs never make it into our scientists has not wavered and in research and innovation. It ing is not forgotten in this com- clinics. Dr. Chandrasekera argues needs to be acknowledged. It is federal institutions began with outsourcing Statistics mitment to “the single largest that a primary reason for this is clear that with additional funding, Canada census data to Lockheed investment in investigator-led the over reliance on expensive, centres like CCAAM can fl ourish and universities. Martin and stripping the indepen- fundamental research in Cana- time consuming, and unreliable and help bring Canadian science dence from the chief statistician. dian history.” For example, at the testing on animals. and research back to the top of Budget 2018 has fi nally University of Windsor, innovation Animal testing is not work- the global spectrum. increased funding to Canadian in research has prevailed in ways ing effectively enough. Currently, It’s time to ensure that this scientists over the next fi ve years that can change the course of rodents serve as the gold stan- funding remains a constant so that to the tune of almost $4-billion—a medicine and pharmaceutical test- dard—testing on mice to predict we keep our brightest and best, welcome commitment to restor- ing for years to come. It is a case the effect on humans has only and deliver the best results for ing science, research and innova- example of renewed opportunity if about 43 per cent effi ciency. Canadians and the world. It’s time tion. However, let’s not forget that real change is being measured. More than 3.5 million animals for predictable support to science although this money is being pri- The Canadian Centre for are used for experimentation in to give it the freedom to fl ourish. marily directed at the Natural Sci- Alternatives to Animal Meth- Canada annually. The animals do NDP MP , who ences and Engineering Research ods (CCAAM), led by Dr. Charu not regulate biological processes represents Windsor West, Ont., NDP MP BRIAN MASSE Council (NSERC), the Canadian Chandrasekera at the University in health and disease the same is his party’s innovation, science Institutes of Health Research of Windsor, is a perfect example way as humans and are not an and economic development critic. Opinion (CIHR) and the Social Sciences of the important research that effective way to test medicines for The Hill Times 30 MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 | THE HILL TIMES Research & Innovation Policy Briefi ng

rtifi cial intelligence (AI) is the sci- Modernizing procurement Aence of building and programming a Artifi cial machine that can imitate human cognition. will open the door Dramatic advancements in robotics and ar- tifi cial intelligence are projected to gener- to more widespread ate trillions of dollars in economic growth intelligence commercialization of new globally in the next decade. While these technologies show incredible promise to medical technologies, with improve patient care, we must consider our health system’s capacity to deliver on their in health humans and machines potential. In 2017, the Standing Senate Committee working hand-in-hand. on Social Affairs, Science and Technology’s report “Challenge Ahead: Integrating Ro- care: botics, Artifi cial Intelligence and 3D Print- ing Technologies into Canada’s Healthcare Systems” examined this question and delivering others in a comprehensive study brought on by the rise of automated innovations. The Committee heard that deep learning will transform every aspect of patient care, Talos, an ancient mythical automaton with on the from improving medical decision-making artifi cial intelligence. Meanwhile, the Senate’s in diagnostics, prognosis, selecting treat- study revealed that complex systems of ment methods and in providing robotic provincial procurement are a signifi cant hurdle in getting innovative medical device products to Conservative Senator Judith G. Seidman surgeries and examinations. potential With one out of 10 Canadians employed market in Canada. Image courtesy of Wikipedia Opinion in health care and social services, it is natural to question the potential negative care workers. The good news is that the effect of these new technologies on health need for qualifi ed health care professionals may prove to be a constant in a changing world. Experts agree that AI is no substi- tute for the human experience, and that new technologies will support greater ef- DRIVING fi ciency, giving medical professionals more time to interact with their patients. TOWARDS A While technology continues to advance at an astounding rate, Canada’s health- LOW-CARBON care system is shackled by the realities of an underfunded and overburdened system. The pace of change will be defi ned not by FUTURE development, but by procurement. Simply because a new MRI scanner with the latest AI technology is available every year does 28 58.693 not mean that immediate health system in- 30 65.4 tegration will result. One third of MRI units Ni in Canada are over ten years old. Limited Zn resources and outdated procurement crite- Nickel ria slow replacement rates to a trickle. Zinc 29 63.5 This means that artifi cial intelligence will be gradually integrated, with time Cu for professionals to leverage new tools in

Copper order to maximize their practice. Adoption and use of digital health technologies has the potential to make the delivery of health care more accessible, convenient and cost- effective, but it will not happen across the country overnight. While we must support the integration of these technologies in a manner that complements—not replaces— the human workforce, we must give even greater thought to what’s holding Canada back from reaping the benefi ts of innova- tion. Concerns about the sustainability of Canada’s health-care system are well- founded. Increasing federal health spend- ing in recent years is hardly keeping pace with infl ation and population growth, much less ballooning provincial budgets. AI technologies offer incredible opportuni- ties to maximize the value of our health workforce, while improving the quality of patient care. ...AND A RESPONSIBLE The Senate’s study revealed that com- plex systems of provincial procurement are a signifi cant hurdle in getting innova- ONE TOO. tive medical device products to market in Canada. Despite obvious effi ciencies and cost savings, there is currently very little incentive for provincial health care systems to embrace these new technolo-

® gies. The federal government has a key The Towards Sustainable Mining program is driving performance improvement in how leadership role to play in encouraging mining operations protect the environment and engage with their communities. Through provincial governments to integrate these TSM®, we are providing the responsibly-sourced minerals and metals that power electric new technologies into our publicly funded systems. Modernizing procurement will vehicle technology. open the door to more widespread com- mercialization of new medical technolo- TSM®UHƵHFWVRXUFRPPLWPHQWWROHDYLQJDSRVLWLYHOHJDF\ZKHUHZHRSHUDWH,QWXUQ gies, with humans and machines working ZHƅUHKHOSLQJEXVLQHVVHVDQGWKHLUFXVWRPHUVEHFRQ LGHQWLQKRZWKHLUSURGXFWVDUHPDGH hand-in-hand. Conservative Senator Judith G. Seid- &'10,1,1* man, who represents De la Durantaye, Que., is a deputy chair of the Senate’s Social Affairs, Science and Technology Committee. The Hill Times THE HILL TIMES | MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 31 Policy Briefi ng Research & Innovation Research, innovation sparking health-care revolution remove decision-making authority from before they become serious, enabling doc- A technological revolution patients, as well as doctors. tors to provide timely, preventative treat- is at our doorstep. It’s time We were encouraged to learn that rigor- ment that would save scare resources. Sen. René Cormier, left, Sen. Art Eggleton, and ous ethical guidelines are being developed; As well, people who live in remote areas Sen. Marie-Françoise Mégie, pictured meeting we started to fi gure out how it seems to me as though AI, while an could benefi t from better access to health Pumpkin, a robot with touch-sensitive artifi cial incredibly useful tool, must remain just care thanks to remote diagnosis or even skin engineered by University of Ottawa professor it can transform Canadian that—a tool, directed by human hands. remote surgery. Emil Petriu. This technology could eventually be There is, on balance, more reason to be If we make the right choices, we can look used to design robots capable of delicate medical health care for the better. excited about these technologies than to forward to a bright future of better health-care operations. The Senate of Canada fear them. delivery, more accurate and speedy diagnoses During a fact-fi nding mission, we and greater equity in health care delivery. tury medicine might become. watched a 3-D printer produce a brace It will require federal government lead- A technological revolution is at our doorstep. for a broken knuckle in just 15 minutes. ership to make sure the provinces, territo- It’s time we started to fi gure out how it can Couple this with AI and it’s conceivable ries, health-care providers and researchers transform Canadian health care for the better. that the average person might be alerted to are ready to seize the opportunities these Senator Art Eggleton is chair of the a weakening joint and get a replacement technologies provide—while making sure Senate Committee on Social Affairs, part made to order in hours. that the risks are managed. Science and Technology. He represents It’s also possible that these technologies Our report is available to anyone who Ontario in the Senate. could help people discover health problems wants to learn more about what 21st cen- The Hill Times Art Eggleton Opinion

anada spends about $228-billion each Cyear on health care, but the system still can’t keep up with demand. Despite the undeniable dedication, skill and hard work that physicians, surgeons, nurses and administrators put in, the fact remains that demand for health care is gradually exceeding supply. It’s time for a technological revolution— and we have the technology. Advances in artifi cial intelligence, robotics and 3-D printing are opening up new fronts in the battle for health. That is what the Senate Committee on Social Affairs, Science and Technology dis- covered when we studied these advance- ments and how they could be integrated into the health-care system. Our recent report on the subject showed how much Canada has to gain if we can har- ness these technologies—provided that we take steps to ensure that we avoid potential pitfalls. Our primary recommendation is for the federal government to convene a recur- ring national conference that would unite a broad range of professionals from the health-care system. We’re not talking about a group of talk- ing heads, but rather a perpetual, dynamic affi liation of experts nimble enough to adjust to the curve balls these technologies R&D of new will throw our way. And we will get curve balls. Take artifi cial intelligence. It has grown medicines means by leaps and bounds since the earliest days of computers. These days, it is already proving to be both can have as accurate as human doctors—in some cases, even more so. It is possible to imagine a future in which doctors are replaced by software a future. capable of analyzing a patient’s symptoms and coming up with a course of treatment. High-quality health care could be delivered in the comfort of a patient’s home without the need for human help. A globally competitive ecosystem Effi cient? Yes. But also—potentially—troubling. for new medicines creates jobs, AI works best when it is fl ooded with data. drives innovation and saves lives. In a home care setting, an AI device might be continuously monitoring its patient, amass- ing a trove of incredibly detailed, incredibly personal information at the same time. It’s a double-edged sword. Access to these data allow AI machines to do a good Medicine for health, job—but that information must be jeal- innovation for the future. ously safeguarded to prevent patients from being exploited and from losing control of their personal information. innovateforlife.ca #innovateforlife There is also the question of whether it is desirable to hand over control to AI. From an ethical point of view, we were told this would be unacceptable. It could 32 MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 | THE HILL TIMES Research & Innovation Policy Briefi ng Robotics, 3D printing, and artifi cial intelligence will improve lives of people with disabilities

obotics, 3D printing, and of patients’ personal information, to improve collaboration, and to considered science fi ction. I can The new federal Rartifi cial intelligence will both the impact on jobs, and the train- strengthen partnerships between cite some examples. People who revolutionize several sector of ac- ing of health-care workers, as these various public research have lost the use of both arms accessibility legislation, tivities and improve considerably well as the regulatory framework funding agencies, to encourage are browsing the Internet with a and the complementary the lives of Canadians, especially for the use of these machines, are the exchange of ideas, acceler- simple wink of the eye through people with disabilities. all challenges that require special ate the pace of innovation and glasses connected to a tablet. A programs and other In a report released in October attention now and in the future. facilitate their commercialization. connected wheelchair can memo- 2017, the Senate Committee on I am pleased that Health Minister rize the journeys of its owner, supports that will Social Affairs, Science and Tech- Ginette Petitpas Taylor, acknowl- and give him information on the accompany it, must nology highlighted the potential edged in her response to our accessibility of the surrounding benefi ts, and also challenges, of report this essential role of the places, but also check his state of incorporate this reality integrating these technologies federal government. health and prevent help if needed. into the health-care system. In view of those consider- This other connected chair is and provide adequate Intelligent robots will facili- ations, we recommended that the controlled by brain waves and eye resources to support tate diagnosis and the choice of federal government convene an movements, thanks to informa- the right treatment. The personal initial national conference with tion sent via Bluetooth chair. the achievement of assistance robots, with which it all concerned stakeholders and There is certainly still some will be necessary to count in the maintain a continuous dialogue way to go in terms of the acces- the Government of coming years, will help the sick among them on a regular basis in sibility of these technologies that Canada’s goal of a truly or elderly people in their day- order to be well prepared for this are either still experimental or to-day activities, like to groom, integration and to address the very expensive with the risk of accessible country. to clothe or to feed themselves. resulting challenges. inequalities in access to these The burden of caregivers would Health Minister Ginette Petitpas Taylor While these technologies will tools. The new federal accessibil- be thus reduced. The combina- acknowledged in her response to the revolutionize our health-care ity legislation, and the comple- tion of robotics and technology Senate Social Affairs Committee’s system, they also raise great mentary programs and other is already lightening the work of report the essential role of the federal hopes to help compensate for the supports that will accompany it, surgeons. Telepresence robotics, government to strengthen partnerships disability of individuals living must incorporate this reality and or 3D printing, is expanding ac- between these various public research with impairment, permanent or provide adequate resources to cess to quality care for rural and funding agencies. The Hill Times not, and increase their opportu- support the achievement of the remote Canadians. The possibili- photograph by Andrew Meade nities for interaction with their Government of Canada’s goal of a ties are enormous. environment. These technologi- truly accessible country. These benefi ts should not, Government efforts to support cal advances make it possible to ISG Senator Chantal Petit- however, cause us to lose sight of these technological progresses recover lost capacities totally or clerc, who represents Grandville, ISG Senator Chantal Petitclerc the “unintended consequences” through the Canadian Institutes only partially. Que., is deputy chair of the Sen- Opinion of integrating these technologies of Health Research and other Everything becomes almost ate Social Affairs, Science and into the health-care system. Ethi- public research networks are possible with these innovations Technology Committee. cal considerations, the protection real. Nevertheless, it is desirable some of which recently were The Hill Times

going–will be used to implement Canada already has a prelimi- Canada poised to truly a Digital Research Infrastructure nary draft of this mandate. Strategy. The second is adoption of A strategy is sorely needed, mutually agreeable principles given that Canadian researchers to support decision-making and harness value of big data generate an estimated 50 PBs of priority-setting. Researchers, data yearly beyond the big data funders, policymakers and admin- collections already mentioned. istrators share common interests, ICTORIA, B.C.—A rough cal- Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Arriving at a workable plan will but also disagree on issues about The University of Vculation suggests that 50,000 might soon use up to 1,000 PBs– require engagement of universi- how data can be reused, discov- copies of the complete works of an exabyte–of data in climate ties, provinces and territories, ered, preserved and coordinated. Victoria has established Shakespeare would fi t on a smart models. as well as service providers A national framework for data an International phone. Astounding as this might Canadian research at CERN and funders managing existing services can be guided by what have been 20 years ago, it is now and with the IPCC accounts infrastructure such as CANARIE, research scientists know as the Technology Offi ce to a mundane fact about consumer for some of the 220 PBs of data Compute Canada, and the Cana- FAIR principles, which ensure electronics, as the ability to min- moved across provinces and to in- da Foundation for Innovation. data is: Findable by creating good recognize and promote iaturize and store data has kept ternational research partners by Capacity for research data metadata and persistent identi- international standards pace with the increased process- CANARIE, the federal partner in management ought to be con- fi ers; Accessible by determining ing power found in the devices Canada’s National Research and sidered critical national infra- what and how data should be created by the World that we use. Education Network. That quantity structure, says the Organization shared and by whom; Interop- Researchers have a differ- is approaching the size of all the for Economic Cooperation and erable by adopting recognized Data System. Canada ent experience of data, however. data that the entire U.S. Library Development. The question is standards; and Reusable with ap- demonstrated its They are now producing enor- of Congress accesses, stores and how to implement a strategy that propriate licensing models. mous volumes of data (big data) moves in a year. meets Canada’s critical national The third factor is recognition potential for global in sets that are ever richer and Data production is doubling needs. It’s complicated terrain, as that Canada is part of a global ini- more complicated (thick data). every year, outstripping increases the Leadership Council on Digital tiative. The University of Victoria leadership as host to The rapid growth in data quantity in processing power and requir- Research Infrastructure noted in has established an International the 2017 meeting of the puts pressure on access, storage, ing signifi cant new investment in three reports to Science Minister Technology Offi ce to recognize and processing, and highlights networks to make data accessible, Kirsty Duncan last year. and promote international stan- international Research the pressing need for a national such as fi bre optic capacity of Three key factors underpin a dards created by the World Data data services strategy. 5G or higher. The Naylor Report, national strategy. System. Canada demonstrated its Data Alliance. To appreciate the scale of the which reviewed Canada’s funda- The fi rst is recognition that potential for global leadership as problem, consider the following mental science, emphasizes that a national data services frame- host to the 2017 meeting of the examples, keeping in mind that research is increasingly data- and work can bring together diverse international Research Data Alli- a petabyte (PB) of data is large computationally intensive, and and currently uncoordinated ance (RDA. enough to hold 200 million copies notes “an urgent need for stable research data management The time has come. The will is of Shakespeare’s 191 works. funding, greater coordination, practices. Five vital aspects can there, and resources have been As of last June, the Euro- and streamlined accountability” be tackled with a well-articu- aligned. Now more than ever, pean Organization for Nuclear in Canada’s digital research infra- lated mandate: identifi cation Canada is poised to truly harness Research (CERN) has accumu- structure. of service and infrastructure the value of big data. lated 200 PBs of data. Every year, The federal government’s 2018 gaps; priorizing of opportuni- David Castle is vice-president researchers at CERN generate budget provides a relevant and ties, outreach and communica- of research at the University of an additional 25 PB of data that timely response on harnessing tion; development of research Victoria. Mark Leggott is execu- David Castle & Mark Leggott must be stored at 13 data centres big data for research. An invest- data policy; creation of metrics; tive director of Research Data Opinion around the world. In the fi eld of ment of $572.5-million over fi ve and analysis of the research Canada. climate science, the International years–and $52-million a year on- data ecosystem. Research Data The Hill Times THE HILL TIMES | MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 33 Policy Briefi ng Research & Innovation

resources to transform ideas into material impact for our society. A research-based education is at the Also adding to Montreal’s startup prowess is funding from industry. According to a report heart of next generation of innovation by PwC and CB Insights, Cana- dian companies raised a total of $4.4-billion CAD in start-up funds last year, with Montreal raising Through innovative more than any other municipality in Canada. initiatives like D3 and That’s due in large part to the SCALE.AI, universities city’s ascension as a globally rec- ognized artifi cial intelligence hub are making space for within the past few years, a fact connected intimately to university the next generation research as well as to Concordia’s longstanding ties to artifi cial of researchers intelligence innovation. In the 1980s, Concordia was on to develop new the leading edge of AI research technologies and new when it launched its Centre for Pattern Recognition and Machine solutions for society. Intelligence—a sort of early pre- cursor to the startup concept as it It is my hope that developed real-world solutions to emerging issues. As CENPARMI this start-up spirit celebrates its 30th anniversary this year, Concordia continues to Montreal, Montreal: Named the world’s ‘best student city’ in the 2017 QS rankings, and ‘Intelligent Community of the of innovation will be at the forefront of AI research Year’ in 2016 by the Intelligent Community Forum, Montreal provides the perfect setting for innovation to thrive, writes as one of the eight universities remain at the heart of Christophe Guy. Photograph courtesy of Pixabay.com involved in the national SCALE. university research of a university’s mission. They’re They should be the key: a novate, and even what it means to AI consortium, aimed at bolster- close to my heart too: it was uni- startup mentality that has quickly be an academic. To me, this expan- ing Canada’s leadership in AI for years to come. versity research that led me from become the new through-line for sion is especially encouraging: if through the Canadian govern- Toulouse to Montreal, and ulti- the next generation of innovators our mission is only to make clones ment’s supercluster initiative. mately to my wife—whom I met across Canada. of ourselves, we have a problem! Through innovative initiatives while pursuing a PhD in chemi- From where I stand, these Happily, the very structures of like D3 and SCALE.AI, universi- cal engineering in my adopted students are in the right place: the university are evolving right ties are making space for the hometown. Montreal. Named the world’s alongside our students, making next generation of researchers Since then, research and in- “best student city” in the 2017 QS the university more universal. to develop new technologies and novation have become my life’s rankings, and “Intelligent Com- Take Concordia’s District 3 new solutions for society. It is my work. Now, as vice-president of munity of the Year” in 2016 by the Centre for Innovation and Entre- hope that this start-up spirit of in- research and graduate stud- Intelligent Community Forum, the preneurship, a collaborative hub novation will remain at the heart ies at Concordia University, city provides the perfect setting for all the players in the Mon- of university research for years I have the privilege of seeing for innovation to thrive. treal innovation ecosystem—not to come. Christophe Guy first-hand the students of today Our students are at the heart closed to Concordians only. By Christophe Guy is a profes- Opinion pursuing their own passions, of it all. opening our doors to students sor of chemical engineering and propelled forward by a new Every day, I see them contribut- from the other universities in vice-president of research and passion for entrepreneurship ing to new ways of thinking and the city, as well as to startup graduate studies at Concordia ONTREAL—Research and and for sharing their knowledge doing, expanding what it means to companies from beyond aca- University in Montreal. Minnovation are at the heart with the public. do research, what it means to in- demia’s walls, D3 offers valuable The Hill Times

tries all over Canada, the govern- cent of Canada’s research in aero- top down. Much of the govern- ment concentrated its spending space, fi fth in the world for the ment money is likely to end up in where the industry was: 100 per creation of video games. And the failed projects. Silicon Valley cent in southern Ontario. future looks brilliant, with 2,600 It is a bad idea because, by try- And it worked. startups on the Montréal island ing to create new competitors to Year after year, Québec rep- alone, the city being best student- our high-tech ecosystem, the pro- resents between 40 and 45 per city in the world and second-best gram could harm us and prevent of the North cent of Canada’s technological city for millennials to live. us from achieving our tremen- exports. While R&D expenditures It took decades for us to create dous potential. New competitors represent 2.44 per cent of Qué- a genuine innovation ecosystem. funded with our own taxes! bec’s GDP—above the OECD’s Our recipe is a mix of established It is a bad idea because, by average of 2.39 per cent—Canada champions, thousands of startups diverting resources away from already exists is at the bottom of the list, spend- in various domains, united in a the sole innovation supercluster, ing only 1.7 per cent of its GDP network that can generate cross- it leaves behind such important in research and development. sector research, tens of thou- sectors as aerospace, life sciences, “Québec is Canada’s technologi- sands of students-researchers, electric mobility, computer imag- If Ottawa doesn’t cal engine,” Canadian Heritage easily available venture capital ing, and the list goes on. Mélanie Joly said last year. For market including government Good government programs adjust its program once, she was right. and union-backed funds, and a are based on reality. There is one Becoming a hub in innovation vibrant cultural life that creates supercluster in automobile: On- to reality, we should wasn’t made overnight. It is in an atmosphere of creativity and tario. There is one supercluster in 1984 that then-minister Bernard innovation. oil and gas: Alberta. There is one conclude that Landry published his white paper In short, the “Silicon Valley of supercluster in innovation: Qué- belonging to Canada “Le virage technologique,” accom- the North” already exists. With bec. By pretending that Canada is panied by massive refundable tax just a small push, we are ready to an innovative country, the govern- credits, new college and univer- fully take our place on the world ment relies on alternate reality. is harmful to Québec, GPQ MP Gabriel Ste-Marie sity technology-oriented pro- stage where we belong. If Ottawa doesn’t adjust its whose economy Opinion grams, investments in university Unfortunately, the federal program to reality, we should con- research, investments in venture government doesn’t seem to see clude that belonging to Canada is is defi nitely more capital funds, etc. It took a decade it. The so-called “superclusters” harmful to Québec, whose econ- future-oriented than n the early months of 2009, as for the policy to bear fruits. program, while looking great on omy is defi nitely more future-ori- Ithe auto industry was collaps- Today, we are fi rst in Canada paper, is ill-conceived. The scat- ented than that of Canada, which that of Canada, which ing, the Harper government in- for university research, second tering of resources from coast to is still tied to the 20th century even vested $10-billion to save GM and hub in artifi cial intelligence coast in fi ve regional clusters is if it refuses to admit it. is still tied to the 20th Chrysler, in addition to creating a on the planet, just after Silicon defi nitely a bad idea. Groupe parlementaire québé- $500-million innovation fund for Valley, third in aerospace after It is a bad idea because, just cois MP Gabriel Ste-Marie, who century even if it the automobile industry. Rather Seattle (Boeing) and Toulouse like a natural ecosystem grows represents Joliette, Que., is his than dispersing the resources in a (Airbus), with 40,000 jobs in 205 from the earth, an innovation eco- group’s industry critic. refuses to admit it. vain attempt to develop car indus- companies performing 70 per system can’t be created from the The Hill Times 34 MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 | THE HILL TIMES Research & Innovation Policy Briefi ng

nesses in areas of focus for the supercluster. Universities: collaborative engines Innovation walks hand-in- hand with disruption. Recent events have thrust the unintended consequences of digital innova- for Canada’s superclusters tion—from privacy violations to electoral interference—into the public spotlight. And there’s nev- together, drawing on each other’s production of knowledge and its This is just one example of how er a guarantee that the benefi ts With partnerships strengths and perspectives, to application. At SFU, our innova- universities are harnessing re- and impacts of innovation will be tackle big, complex problems— tion strategy does just that. SFU search for innovation and system equitably distributed. at the heart with an impact greater than the Innovates operates across the change. This provides universities a sum of their parts. university to promote: community Education is at the heart of crucial role to play as conveners of innovation That’s the thinking behind the and industry research partner- a university’s work. One of the of dialogues and deliberations in Canada’s creation of Canada’s fi ve new ships; business incubation and prime issues for the supercluster concerning the ethics, effects, superclusters: bringing compa- acceleration; entrepreneurship is ensuring that talent will be and implications of innovation. superclusters, look nies and universities together training; and social innovation. available as businesses grow and That’s why we invited Edward to accelerate innovation and Through SFU Innovates, we have jobs materialize. Snowden to deliver a public for universities to economic growth. While the focus developed new programs and At SFU we’re constantly lecture on big data, security, and is on industry-led innovation, platforms to help researchers assessing and upgrading our aca- human rights. That’s why we’re play a key role in their universities have a major role to identify community needs, seek demic programs to ensure they fascinated by professor Angelica success. play in bringing that innovation market opportunities, and work meet the needs of our students Lim’s study of neuroscience, to life—and to market. That is with industry partners. and the broader community. For ethics, and consciousness in ro- why the Government of Canada Universities have capacities example, KEY, SFU’s Big Data botics. And that’s why we’ve ap- required there to be at least one to work across systems to tackle Initiative, is providing students pointed Wendy Hui Kyong Chun, university partner in all superclu- seemingly intractable prob- with the knowledge and skills a Canada 150 Research Chair, to ster submissions. lems. One area of focus for the to put big data to work. And our investigate new approaches to B.C.-led supercluster is health. new professional master’s pro- digital democracy. While innova- (SFU) is a founding member of Fortunately, health innovation gram in visual computing—the tion is important, so too are the Canada’s Digital Technology is a well-established strength fi rst of its kind in Canada—will choices we make about how it Supercluster led by British Co- of B.C. universities. Founded by equip students with cutting-edge will shape society. lumbia. We are collaborating with SFU, Fraser Health, and the City visual computing technology, The superclusters capitalize other universities and institutes, of Surrey, one prime example including augmented and virtual on the nation’s greatest asset: together with an array of busi- of the power of collaboration to reality. And SFU’s professional partnerships. We are always bet- Joy Johnson nesses, to support development of solve big problems is Innovation master’s program in big data de- ter together. Leading universities Opinion the supercluster. Boulevard. Born out of partner- velops data architects who apply can be the ones to connect our We know that competing glob- ship to accelerate the commer- a deep knowledge of computer strengths—from industry chang- ally requires us to work together, cialization of health technologies, science to create new tools that ing the economy, to the research ANCOUVER—The classic and there are several contribu- Innovation Boulevard teams are fi nd value in the vast amounts institutes delivering new break- VHollywood image of an inno- tions that universities will make exploring point-of-care devices, of information generated today. throughs, to the communities vator is a solo inventor, working within and beyond our campuses, neutrotechnologies, medical com- Students from this program have we serve—for our future. With late into the night in a makeshift to ensure the success of the su- puting applications with big data, gone on to work for companies partnerships at the heart of inno- lab to devise a gizmo that will percluster initiative. and advances in independent like Amazon, the Royal Bank of vation in Canada’s superclusters, upend the world. Universities are known for living. Through a combination of Canada, Scotiabank, and Sam- look for universities to play a key But increasingly, the face of their capacity to produce high partnership, entrepreneurship, sung, to name a few. Through role in their success. innovation doesn’t belong to one quality research, and increas- and new technology, Innovation programs such as these, we will Dr. Joy Johnson is vice-presi- individual, or even to a single ingly, we are seeking ways to Boulevard is developing solutions ensure that B.C. has the next dent of research and international team. It involves many individu- turn that research into innovation to some of the most pressing chal- generation of leaders it needs to at Simon Fraser University. als and organizations working —to bridge the gulf between the lenges in the health care system. attract capital and grow busi- The Hill Times

At work, circumstances of un- because there is necessarily less derutilization are not much better. demand for new things. We need The sharing economy: a low- We have increasing fl exibility on to reallocate these resources schedules and location. My offi ce to improving the quality and at Carleton has an occupancy sen- performance of the existing built sor that yields great insights. Prior environment. In the context of hanging fruit for sustainability to my sabbatical, I spent just 8.9 the Paris Agreement, it is easy to hours in my offi ce each week—a dread a perceived decrease in the ith the strong focus in Cana- society, we need to profoundly far cry from the often-assumed quality of life associated with re- A sharing economy Wda and globally on improv- change our accounting and policy 40, the 60 that it is heated, cooled, duced energy and greenhouse gas frees up capital and ing environmental sustainability, to incorporate utilization. and ventilated, and the 168 that emissions. This is the old way of there is far too much emphasis on Consider that Canadian homes would be theoretically possible. thinking that ties quality of life to human resources trying to make business-as-usual have improved in energy intensity Considering the life of the modern hyperconsumption and outdated more effi cient instead of also be- (units of energy per fl oor area) worker, my case is not an outlier. business models. Improving uti- because there is ing smart. Utilization of infra- by about 35 per cent since 1990. Supposing that I could consolidate lization of our built environment necessarily less structure—and the built environ- By most accounts, this is quite my time in my offi ce to a single can be delivered with negligible ment in general—remains very impressive. Without undermin- day per week, my offi ce could be personal detriment (and a lot of demand for new things. low. For example, ask yourself ing this impressive and necessary used by four others (consider- benefi t), while actually increasing how much building space (work, achievement, normalization by ing weekdays only). Internet of personal disposable income. We need to reallocate home, and elsewhere) is devoted population cuts this improvement Things, big data, and artifi cial Liam O’Brien, Ph.D., P.Eng. is these resources to entirely to you. How many ve- in half. To spell out the obvious: intelligence are key tools in an associate professor for Car- hicles, parking spaces, household our homes are much bigger now. identifying and quantifying these leton University’s architectural improving the quality tools, and books exist entirely Of course, the planet does not ben- opportunities—fi rst for feasibility conservation and sustainability for you and would not have been efi t from any sort of normaliza- studies and later in operation. engineering program. He is the and performance produced otherwise? How much tion; only absolute improvements The free market is rapidly ad- principal investigator of the Hu- pristine wilderness around Cana- will solve our problems. However, dressing some of the economic inef- man Building Interaction Lab, of the existing built dian cities has been eaten up by if we accept human population as fi ciencies of underutilization, which which consists of a team of 12 environment. vacation properties that are used a given for now, reducing infra- often coincide with environmental researchers with diverse back- by their owners for a couple of structure, resource consumption, ineffi ciency. Car-sharing, home- grounds in engineering, architec- weeks per year. Generally speak- and environmental impact on a sharing, tool (and book) libraries, ture, and psychology. His team is ing, we only occupy one of our per person basis is a major step and hot-desking all enable greatly developing occupant-centric de- spaces at any given time and use in the right direction. Let us not improved asset and infrastructure sign processes, building code, and our belongings and infrastruc- evaluate cars’ energy effi ciency by utilization. Meanwhile, the General controls for high-performance ture for an hour or less per day. litres of fuel per 100 km, but rather Services Administration in the buildings. He has authored more Even a lone car commuter (i.e., society by litres of fuel, or bet- United States has determined and than 100 publications and two the vast majority) who drives an ter, energy for transportation per proven that offi ce space per worker textbooks on this topic. He is cur- hour a day is only using about citizen. This changes the question can be reduced by 50 per cent or rently the president of the Cana- one per cent of their car’s capac- from: how effi ciently we can move more. In Canada, Workplace 2.0 has dian chapter of the International ity (on the basis of a four-seat car two tonnes of metal and the per- similar motives. Hot-desking has Building Performance Simulation Liam O’Brien and 24 hours per day). The rest son it contains to that plus can we increasingly deep penetration in the Association and co-leading an In- Opinion of the time our possessions sit consolidate commuters and design private sector as well. ternational Energy Agency Annex idly, degrade, and may consume cities to facilitate shorter travel A sharing economy frees up on building occupant research. energy and valuable space. As a distances in fi rst place? capital and human resources The Hill Times THE HILL TIMES | MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 35 Policy Briefi ng Research & Innovation

the invention of blockchain technol- sion centres on their forthcoming place, Canada’s government seems ogies. Although the word “block- “Virtual Currency Act,” which will instead to desire control. This is not Is it too late for chain” has become associated with create for Malta an enabling legal to say that regulation has made it the world of cryptocurrencies like framework, which offers, for ex- impossible for blockchain com- Bitcoin, they are essentially digital ample, certifi cation for blockchain panies to set up shop in Canada. computers which provide a versatile ventures, and an approval process For example, a company here in Canada to get platform for autonomous informa- for ICOs so they may serve as Ottawa called BTCDraft circulates tion management. This versatility is legitimate channels for decentral- its own supply of “Draftcoin,” which visible in a wide range of use cases, izing international investment. is usable online in their virtual including retail payments, supply Malta’s approach has been casino. The point is that here in onboard the chain management, developer tools credited for its recent recruitment Canada it takes years to do what such as “smart contracts,” and even of Binance, one of the largest can be done in other countries in social media. cryptocurrency exchanges in the months, a metric of time that is What remains to be seen is world formerly headquartered in punctuated by the fast pace of tech- blockchain train, where Canada will fi t into the China. This compares adversely to nological change in the blockchain emerging digital economy. Are Canada’s loss of former University world. There is also an element of policy-makers willing to follow of Waterloo student Vitalik Buterin, irony in Canada’s seeming desire the example of Malta—a Mediter- founder of Ethereum and inven- for control, not only by issuing a or have we already ranean nation recently termed tor of smart contracts, who has CBDC, but also by issuing a ban on “Blockchain Island”—or through since moved to the less-restrictive ICOs and thereby restricting Cana- inaction will we be resigned to jurisdiction of Silicon Valley. Here dian fi rms’ access to global capital import innovation from more for- in Canada, where ICOs are illegal markets, thereby hindering their ward-looking jurisdictions? There and public offerings (IPOs) are ability to expand and compete. The been left behind? is an interesting comparison to too costly for start-ups, the federal question then, is whether Canada be made between the federal government has opted to spend lacks the talent and infrastructure government’s ban on Initial Coin billions on research streams for ca- to succeed in the emerging digital Although there Offerings (ICOs), and the Maltese reer academics and entrepreneurs. economy, or whether we lack approach being led by their Prime Rather than allowing fi rms to federal leadership in preparing are many issues Minister Jospeph Muscat. Malta access capital in the marketplace, our economy for a new phase of provides an instructive case study the federal government regulates globalization. impacting the ‘now’ for Canadian political economy cryptocurrencies as fi nancial Although there are many is- of Canada’s political as its support for the growth of securities, and defi nes them legally sues impacting the “now” of Can- digital markets, combined with as commodities (meaning capital ada’s political economy, the issue economy, the issue their membership in the Euro- gains taxes still apply). The uneven of when and how the government pean Union, serves as proof that playing fi eld here in Canada is no will acknowledge this most recent of when and how James Patriquin even a relatively small country secret: our regulatory regime tilts reanimation of capitalism looms Opinion with the right policies can make a in favour of established capital. like a shadow over our digital in- the government big splash in global markets. Even the Bank of Canada’s vision dustries. This makes me wonder, will acknowledge Recently, Muscat has made of “central bank digital curren- is it too late for Canada to get TTAWA—In the past 20 years, headlines by stating his belief that cies” (CBDC) envisions the digital onboard the blockchain train—or this most recent Oinformation technology has cryptocurrencies are the “inevita- economy in relation to a central- have we already been left behind? become a monumentally important ble future of money.” More impor- ized set of interests—namely the James Patriquin is a PhD reanimation of feature of globalization. The internet, tant are the PM’s actions behind Bank’s—which emphasize fi nan- student currently studying inter- in particular, has made digital chan- these words, such as his move to cial stability and effi ciency, as well national relations and political capitalism looms like nels of communication more reli- establish the Malta Digital Innova- as the Bank’s ability to set mon- theory. His current research ex- able, promoted cross-border interac- tion Authority, which is headed by etary policy (and in turn, generate amines emerging trends in global a shadow over our tion, and collapsed the geographical a parliamentary secretary for “Fi- seigniorage revenue). fi nance, specifi cally regarding the digital industries. distance between the world’s largest nancial Services, Digital Economy Whereas the Maltese empha- proliferation of cryptocurrency economies. More recently, the global and Innovation” (currently Silvio size an approach to decentralize and blockchain governance. economy has been wrestling with Schembri). The secretariat’s mis- creative authority in the market- The Hill Times

ture decision-making guidelines for supporting engagement in so-called big science or major re- The usefulness of relevant knowledge: search facilities. These have been traditionally handled on an ad hoc basis, often with political rather the Naylor Expert Panel revisited than strategic motive, and with little regard for how these facili- ties fi t into the overall research TTAWA—We suggest that For starters, the report argues ‘intermestic’ challenges that re- landscape, not to mention global While the Naylor Ogovernment funding of basic for a new National Advisory Coun- quire joined up efforts to address linkages. An attempt was made to research should emphasize qual- cil on Research and Innovation serious matters affecting society, address this under the previous expert panel may ity rather than quantity—that the (NCRI) to replace the moribund, economy and environment, both national science adviser to the have missed some social sciences, multidisciplinary largely confi dential body appointed here and abroad. Canada had prime minister, but was lost when efforts, and projects relevant to by the previous administration. such an effort triggered in 1987 that offi ce was terminated. The opportunities to weigh Canadian needs should get higher Clearly, when implemented, this when all jurisdictions signed on Naylor panel picked this up and priority (Senate Special Commit- new organization can be helpful not to its fi rst—and only—National argued for a special standing com- in on other challenges tee on Science Policy, 1977). It’s only to the science and innovation S&T Strategy. As the then science mittee on major research facilities aff ecting Canada’s been just over a year since ministers, but to the chief science minister said about the previ- to be convened by the CSA so as Canada’s Fundamental Science adviser in her work centred on en- ous situation of developing S&T to better advise the government on complex knowledge Review report was published with suring that evidence is considered strategies, “A principal pitfall was coordination and guidance for the much fanfare. It was inspired by when government makes critical that many well-intentioned ef- life cycle of these large infrastruc- governance structures, the Lamontagne Senate Commit- public policy decisions. As the forts were unilateral, ignoring the tures. Addressing this properly we can address some tee work of 40 years ago. Given Naylor report noted, the proposed political structure of Canada, and will also require a more activist the pedigree of the panel, expec- NCRI could give ongoing advice on the complexities of our economy.” role for science diplomacy in en- of these other critical tations were high on how it would the effectiveness of both extramural Today, there are indications that suring international partnerships. be received this time. research agencies and intramural increasing cooperation is necessary To be sure, some effort is gaps underscored by Fortunately, someone lis- research groups and facilitation of with a well-articulated pan-northern underway to pick up elements the panel. tened. The federal budget of 2018 collaboration among them. science approach of the three ter- of these recommendations, and responded to a number of its 35 Further, the report fl ags ritories and bilateral initiatives with while the Naylor expert panel recommendations, including, increased federal-provincial-terri- a growing Ontario-Quebec research may have missed some opportuni- of course, key elements of the torial collaboration as essential if corridor, for example. And the re- ties to weigh in on other chal- research ecosystem. Needless to Canada is to speak effectively on cently released visionary, national lenges affecting Canada’s complex say, the signifi cant investments for the international stage and take Inuit strategy on research will go knowledge governance structures, the granting councils received the advantage of the key strengths in some ways to addressing one of the we can at least look forward to most attention by both media and various areas. Many of these are Naylor recommendations for long- further action by all concerned to the knowledge communities alike. identifi ed in the Council of Cana- term meaningful partnerships and address some of these other criti- It’s a generally happy story. dian Academies’ recent report on support from the granting councils cal gaps underscored by the panel. But the expert panel report the state of science and industrial with Indigenous and community- Paul Dufour is a fellow and also made some other key recom- research and development. This based knowledge systems. But adjunct professor for the Institute Paul Dufour mendations that will need further shared agenda of pan-Canadian more needs to be done. for Science, Society and Policy at Opinion response if so-called ‘ecosystem’ collaboration is critical if the Another related matter has the University of Ottawa. benefi ts are to follow. country is to meet increasingly been Canada’s inability to struc- The Hill Times 36 MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 | THE HILL TIMES Research & Innovation Policy Briefi ng Canada’s digital economy: leave no one behind The more fortunate among us n the space of a decade, the digital revo- Improve adult literacy Ilution has changed how we consume, hold life-changing technologies communicate, and collaborate. Already, First, we must develop the functional lit- more than 83 per cent of Canadian jobs re- eracy of workers most vulnerable to automa- in the palm of our hand. But quire the daily use of a computer. How are tion and evolving technologies. Some 49 per we equipping Canadian workers to handle cent of Canadian adults don’t have Level 3 if we reach out to Canada’s this shifting digital landscape? literacy, which the OECD considers necessary least equipped for the digital The issue is clearly top of mind for the to hold a job in a developed economy. Nearly Government of Canada: one of the fi ve two thirds of Quebec’s manufacturing sector economy, a more prosperous themes it has framed to advance its domes- workers have only Level 2 or lower. For them, tic and international priorities as it takes learning new job skills is diffi cult. future for all is within our grasp. up the G7 presidency in 2018 is “Preparing The CCEI’s fi rst recommendation is to for jobs of the future.” adapt a suite of interactive multimedia tools As jobs at every skill level increasingly that helps improve reading and writing, In January, Innovation Minister Navdeep Bains require digital literacy, our most disad- numeracy and problem-solving skills. The announced the CanCode initiative, which will vantaged will be hardest hit. Last year the tools, developed at Concordia University, provide nearly one million K-12 students with Government of Quebec created the Conseil are already a success in Montreal schools. basic coding skills. Yes, coding is already becoming consultatif sur l’économie et l’innovation Their rollout in Kenya garnered UNESCO’s automated. But if students are to understand how (CCEI) to examine how to make this digital 2017 King Sejong Literacy Prize. new technologies can be applied to solve real- transformation inclusive for all. Its report Adapting these tools for adults and adopt- ing them broadly across Quebec will set a world problems, they will need the 21st-century Alan Shepard & Guylaine Beaudry contains sound recommendations that equivalent of knowing how their calculator works. should be applied nationwide—and that global precedent in public education, and The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade Opinion put higher education front and centre. much more. Attaining Level 3 literacy in- creases a Quebec worker’s career earnings by over $200,000. And studies link higher literacy to increased engagement in civic life and bet- ter health, housing and education. These are benefi ts that carry over through generations. Expand paid apprenticeships We must also create tighter ties between industry and education. The CCEI recom- mends a system of 12-18 month apprentice- the hill times’ ships run through our college level Cégeps. These shorter work-study programs will help employers fi ll labour shortages sooner. Short- er, paid programs will also encourage par- ticipation among at-risk employees already struggling to make ends meet and citizens on social assistance. They may need to retool more than once as the digital revolution rolls PARTY out in a gradual, steady manner, more akin to climate change than a ‘technological tsunami.’ Educate for fl exibility on the In January, the Government of Canada announced the CanCode initiative, which will provide nearly one million K-12 stu- dents with basic coding skills. Yes, coding is already becoming automated. But if students are to understand how new technologies hill can be applied to solve real-world problems, they will need the 21st-century equivalent of knowing how their calculator works. At universities, we need to educate our citi- zens to be well rounded. Broadening curricu- lum requirements is one approach. We are also Community designing curricula to develop the ‘4 Cs’—criti- cal thinking, clear communication, collabora- tion and concentration—skills that employers bringing Fun Music increasingly seek as change accelerates. Expand co-op and internship the hill placements Food No matter what universities teach, many together employers still view on-the-job experience as the best sign a candidate possesses the skills that managers want. So, in addition to cégep- based apprenticeships, industry needs to work with universities to facilitate more of the WEDNESDAY, MAY 23 5:30 P.M. - 8:30 P.M. workplace exposure it prizes in graduates. Employers who open co-op and paid SIR JOHN A. MACDONALD BUILDING, 144 WELLINGTON ST. internship placements can help students of all ages and backgrounds fi nd clearer paths toward their future. Such placements are espe- CHECK YOUR INBOX FOR YOUR INVITATION cially important for retaining immigrants and the talented international students our univer- sities attract. As our population ages, Canada needs them as much as they need Canada. Today, the more fortunate among us hold life-changing technologies in the palm of our hand. But if we reach out to Canada’s least equipped for the digital economy, a more INSURANCE BROKERS prosperous future for all is within our grasp. ASSOCIATION OF CANADA Alan Shepard is president of Montreal’s Concordia University. Guylaine Beaudry is Concordia’s vice-provost, digital strat- egy and university librarian. The Hill Times THE HILL TIMES | MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 37 Opinion

immigration. Another forwarded an antisemitic screed to the director of immigration. This is to say nothing of Mackenzie King’s troubling views Canada should apologize for on Hitler, detailed in his diary. To its disgrace, the PMO and cabinet failed to push back against the skewed advice of the public MS St. Louis service. The cabinet effectively turning away the forfeited its right to issue an order- in-council that would have been address the times we failed to uphold our from the Government of Canada’s fate- a lifeline for the St. Louis’ pas- Accepting responsibility ideals, we are more likely to stand for ful decision to refuse to admit Jewish sengers. As a result, the ship returned to what is right in the future. refugees aboard the MS St. Louis in 1939. Europe, where hundreds were murdered for rejecting hundreds of This is what is often misunderstood That spring, the world was well aware in the Holocaust that followed. Jewish refugees in 1939 would when it comes to historic apologies. Cer- that the Jews of Germany and Austria (if I offer these details because, while many tainly, an apology is deeply meaningful not all Europe) were in peril. Throughout are familiar with the St. Louis incident, the demonstrate that Canada for a community affected by a past injus- the Third Reich, Jews lined up for hours anatomy of the policy failure that led to tice—be it Chinese-Canadians targeted by outside foreign embassies and consul- it is less well known. Understanding how will never again remain the head tax, Sikh-Canadians who recall ates, desperately seeking visas to emi- this terrible decision unfolded can only the Komagata Maru, Japanese-Canadians grate. Ironically, the Nazis were pleased strengthen our commitment to maintain our indiff erent in the face of interned during WWII, or LGBTQ+ Cana- by the prospect of Jewish fl ight. Sadly, sense of compassion when making policy dians who faced government discrimina- with few exceptions, the world largely choices today. genocide. tion. The Government of Canada was right shut its borders to Jewish refugees fl ee- This month, Jewish communities to apologize for these abysmal chapters in ing the Nazis. around the world marked Yom HaShoah, our history. So too was the prime minister When 907 German Jews aboard the Holocaust Remembrance Day. On the right to apologize for the painful legacy St. Louis were rejected by Cuba and the eve of this solemn day, CIJA launched a of the residential school system, as part United States, Canada became their fi nal campaign urging the prime minister to of the vital effort to advance truth and hope. Key Canadian civil society leaders issue a formal apology in the House of reconciliation with Canada’s Indigenous urged the government to make a compas- Commons, with the support of all parties, communities. sionate exemption to its highly restrictive for the St. Louis incident. Within 24 hours, But the signifi cance of an apology goes policy toward Jewish asylum seekers. 2,400 Canadians added their name to our far beyond those directly affected. For a As historian Steve Schwinghamer letter, demonstrating that this painful government to apologize for the mistakes notes, prime minister Mackenzie King story still resonates with many today. of its forebears is to shine light on a dark asked senior bureaucrats for suggestions Such an apology would pose no fi - truth: in policymaking, the road to hell can on how to address the situation. nancial liability for taxpayers. Rather, it be paved with noble rhetoric, cold calcula- Those offi cials—including one whose would demonstrate to Holocaust survivors tions, and even “good” intentions. writings from 1938 contain antisemitic and their families that the Government of Shimon Koffl er Fogel Governing necessarily requires an eye commentary—provided a falsely restrictive Canada regrets and accepts responsibility Opinion for the big picture. But that can bring with set of policy options, a clear effort to force for this shameful decision, and will never it the risk of treating human beings as the cabinet to conclude it could not admit again be indifferent in the face of looming numbers, objects, or means to policy ends. the passengers. genocide. t takes strength of character for a To apologize for the past is to sensitize The political level was no less irrespon- Shimon Koffl er Fogel is CEO of the Cen- Icountry to acknowledge its past mis- ourselves to this challenge today. sible. In the months prior, one govern- tre for Israel and Jewish Affairs (CIJA). takes. When we make a sincere effort to Indeed, there is much to be learned ment MP tabled a petition against Jewish The Hill Times 38 MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 | THE HILL TIMES News AFN Question of AFN’s role, relationship with government expected to be deciding factor in upcoming national chief race

First Nations AFN National jurisdiction over Chief Perry Bellegarde, pipelines, child pictured on May 1 at the AFN’s welfare, the national special assembly. Mr. Bellegarde inquiry into Missing will have some competition in and Murdered July when runs Indigenous Women, for re-election. The Hill Times and the proposed photograph by Andrew Meade Indigenous rights recognition framework are also expected to be top issues in the upcoming national chief election.

Continued from page 1 “Two of [the candidates] are primarily supporters of this feder- al legislative framework and the federal agenda—being Perry Bel- legarde and Miles Richardson— and then the other two, Sheila for a transformation of the AFN. tions because whether you’re for the AFN. He’s got more funding Along with Mr. Bellegarde, [North] and Russ [Diabo]; they’re Other “big issues” she said or against pipelines, the fact of for the AFN, he’s made MOUs outgoing Manitoba Keewatinowi more calling for changes to the she expects to come up in the the matter is First Nations have a [Memorandums of Understand- Okimakanak Grand Chief Sheila AFN, for the AFN to step back, Assembly of First Nations’ (AFN) right to say no, and he hasn’t re- ing] for the AFN, but that hasn’t North announced her intention stop acting like a government … national chief election include spected that. So that’ll be a huge trickled down to First Nations, to run on May 1, saying the AFN and to make First Nations title, pipelines, the federal govern- issue at the election,” she said. and he hasn’t put First Nations needs to help empower Indig- First Nations rights, and First Na- ment’s proposed new legislative “I think what the chiefs are on the negotiating table, it’s the enous voices, not get in the way tions sovereignty and jurisdiction framework on Indigenous rights going to be looking for is who is AFN,” she said. and act like a government, and fi rst and foremost so that they’re recognition, and the “lack of ac- going to be a leader that can work AFN chiefs will vote to deter- that it’s “not acceptable” that only the decision-makers on every- tion” on the national inquiry into with the government but not be a mine who will serve as national 10 recommendations from the thing,” said Pamela Palmater, a Missing and Murdered Indig- puppet of the government.” chief for the next three years on Truth and Reconciliation Com- Mi’kmaq lawyer and associate enous Women, child services, While noting she doesn’t get July 25, at a general assembly mission (TRC) have been imple- professor at Ryerson University, safe drinking water, housing, and a vote in the race, Prof. Palmater meeting in Vancouver. mented since 2015. of her view of the race so far. more. said she personally thinks current Mr. Bellegarde was elected The Hill Times bumped into Prof. Palmater, who ran as “Kinder Morgan is, I mean, national chief Perry Bellegarde, national chief in December 2014, Miles Richardson, of the Skide- a candidate for national chief that’s going to be the election who is running for re-election, after an eight-person race to gate Band Council and a former against Mr. Bellegarde in 2014, issue for Trudeau with Canadians, “needs to go.” replace former national chief president of the Haida Nation in has been a vocal advocate calling and it’s certainly with First Na- “He is empire-building for Shawn Atleo, who had resigned B.C., at the special assembly. He from the role amid backlash over said he’s heard “a lot of support” the then Conservative govern- for his candidacy and wants AFN ment’s proposed First Nations to get out and talk with lead- National education bill. ers across the country about his Chief Perry Mr. Atleo had faced some vision and how he’ll work with Bellegarde, criticism that he was too close to them to achieve it. pictured the federal government. The bill, “Essentially asking for their on May 2 which would have committed vote is asking for their trust, and I helping $1.9-billion towards First Na- take that very seriously,” he said. Prime tions education but was widely Asked why he wanted to run, Minister rejected by chiefs in part as it tied Mr. Richardson noted the govern- Justin new funding to standards set and ment’s commitment to build “a Trudeau monitored by the federal govern- proper nation-to-nation relation- put on the ment, was ultimately shelved. ship” with Indigenous people. AFN jacket The AFN’s charter sets out “We need to get on with he was that the fi rst candidate to get 60 developing that. I have been a gifted. The per cent support from “registered leader of the Haida Nation, I have Hill Times representatives of First Nations” been a designer and advocate for photograph through balloting rounds will the B.C. treaty process and tried by Andrew be named national chief. Each through that route, so a lot of my Meade member of the assembly gets experience is suited to doing this,” one vote—that is, each chief of he said. “It’s a major opportunity a member First Nation, or their for our First Nations.” offi cial proxy. The role of AFN Russ Diabo, from the Kahn- national chief comes with a three- awake Mohawk community year term. Mr. Bellegarde was south of Montreal, has said he elected with roughly 63 per cent support on the fi rst ballot in 2014. Continued on page 39 THE HILL TIMES | MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 39 AFN News

Mr. Lebourdais said he’s not were able to speak in their tradi- yet decided on his vote and wants tional languages, with translators to hear more from the candidates, on hand. Ultimately, 1,121 del- but when asked if he’s happy with egates registered to attend the as- the current role the AFN plays, he sembly, including 245 chiefs and said “so far so good.” proxies. In all, 14 resolutions were “It does what I need it do to,” passed by chiefs-in-assembly. he said. “What I need the AFN to In speaking to the assembly, do is what it’s doing here, it’s a Mr. Bellegarde said the two-day venue for me to share the ideas meeting had been called in light with chiefs that are like-minded.” of all the issues and bills coming He noted over the two-day down the parliamentary pipeline assembly he was able to meet impacting Indigenous people, with chiefs from Saskatchewan, in an effort to be “proactive” and Alberta, and B.C., and talk to hear the views of chiefs, with a the prime minister, Indigenous short “window of opportunity” left Services Minister until the next federal election. (Markham-Stouffville, Ont.), and Along with AFN delegates, Crown-Indigenous Relations Min- the two-day assembly was at- ister (Toronto-St. tended by a number of observers Paul’s, Ont.). “That’s very valuable and federal offi cials, including to me,” said Mr. Lebourdais. ministerial staff, deputy ministers, The AFN’s two-day special departmental directors general, assembly last week was the fi rst and other public servants such assembly in 15 years—and [email protected] the fi rst-ever at which attendees The Hill Times

AFN chiefs passed 14 resolutions at a special assembly on federal legislation May 1-2

Chiefs-in-assembly at the Assembly of First Nations’ special assembly on federal legislation, held May 1-2 at the Hilton Lac Leamy in Gatineau, Que., passed a total of 14 resolutions in the end. Drumming ceremony: The Eagle River Singers group performed a number of drum songs at the AFN’s special assembly Among the most wrought over resolutions was one on “implementing in Gatineau, Que. May 1. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade Canada’s recognition and implementation of Indigenous rights framework and clarifying the role of the AFN,” referring in part to Mr. Trudeau’s com- for the government,” said Ms. looking for leadership from the mitment to introduce a new such legislative framework on Feb. 14. First Continued from page 38 Sutherland. AFN on supporting our rights as brought to the main plenary to be dealt with May 1, lengthy debate and decided to throw his name in “Our current leadership does a nation to protect our territory numerous amendments led to the resolution being sent to a late-night work- the ring because of the “threat” not speak for the grassroots peo- from the threat of oil spills and ing group, and then further debate May 2 before it was ultimately passed, proposed federal legislation poses ple. It is us, the chiefs, that come tanker traffi c,” he said, adding he with seven opposed. to Indigenous rights, and because here to speak for them,” she said, hasn’t “seen that happening much Highlighting articles on the right to self-determination laid out in the of his support for First Nations criticizing a lack of consultation so far.” United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP), opposition to the Trans Mountain with chiefs by the AFN executive Michael Lebourdais, chief of the TRC’s call to action No. 45, and Mr. Trudeau’s Feb. 14 commitment, the project. in drafting the agenda for the the Whispering Pines Clinton resolution notes that current government engagement on the framework The Hill Times talked to a two-day special assembly. Indian Band in B.C., said both Mr. “does not adequately respect First Nations rights-holders” and that there are number of chiefs at the AFN’s Dustin Rivers, an elected coun- Richardson and Mr. Bellegarde concerns about the government “acting unilaterally” in a process that lacks special assembly on federal legis- cil member with the Squamish are “well known and respected accountability ad transparency. lation at the Hilton Lac Leamy in Nation in Vancouver, said the na- throughout B.C.,” and he thinks The four-page resolution declares that the AFN “and any regional Gatineau, Que. May 1-2 about the tional chief election is “always re- it’s going to be an “interesting” organizations cannot negotiate any binding changes” to laws as part of this upcoming race. ally important” as it “helps set the race. framework; calls on the government to obtain “free, prior and informed” Roy Fox, chief of the Blood direction for the leadership when “I know jurisdiction and title consent from First Nations before adopting any framework; calls on the Gov- Tribe in southern Alberta and it comes to either working with and rights will probably be a ernor General to act as sole representative to the Crown and “participate in whose traditional name is Maki- or addressing the federal govern- large part of the narrative, espe- First Nations-led agendas when requested”; and calls on the government to inima, said he was one of the ment.” Mr. Rivers said he’s “exited cially when it comes to pipelines rename it “Protection and Affi rmation of Rights and Titles Framework” and founding chiefs of the AFN, and to see what ideas come out of the and waterways, those kinds ensure it’s guided by UNDRIP, among other things. he wanted to attend the special campaigns,” and that personally, of things,” he said. “For us, it’s Other resolutions passed by the chiefs-in-assembly included ones related assembly to get more involved he’s looking to see discussions always to move title and rights to: a First Nations led process to develop new federal safe drinking water in ongoing work, like around over the kind of leadership that’s through environmental protec- legislation; federal recognition of First Nations jurisdiction over recreational protecting Indigenous languages, needed on the issue of pipelines. tion and tax jurisdiction forward, and medicinal cannabis; federal justice legislation amendments and a call and to raise the issue of represen- “Our nation has been ac- and so that’s most of what we for a United Nations special rapporteur investigation and Royal Commission; tation at the AFN, with the cur- tively fi ghting the Kinder Morgan look for in a candidate in British First Nations role in changes to the Fisheries Act; First Nations oceans work- rent voting system giving every pipeline in B.C., and I think we’re Columbia.” ing group and the Oceans Act and Marine Protected Areas; addressing First member-nation one vote, regard- Nations rights, title, and jurisdictions in Bill C-39; developing First Nations- less of population size. specifi c solutions for the Green House gas Pollution Pricing Act; federal Mr. Fox said unless one of the legislation on First Nations child welfare jurisdiction; on the implementation other candidates “comes up with Indigenous of UNDRIP; co-development of Airport Safety legislation; and meaningful some spectacular platforms,” he’s Services Minister consultations on Bill C-71, which amends the Firearms Act; engaging First “pretty well” decided in his sup- Jane Philpott Nations on marine vessels and salvage operations; and resources for engage- port for Mr. Bellegarde. pictured May ment on district First Nations accessibility legislation. “Perry is doing a good job … 2 during her In his speech at the assembly on May 2, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau everyone always makes it hard address at the (Papineau, Que.) stressed that since the beginning of the Liberal govern- for incumbents to come back, AFN special ment’s mandate, “I have often said that no relationship is more important to but I think he’s truly—his heart assembly last Canada” than that with First Nations communities, and while there’s a long and his abilities I think are in the week. The Hill way to go, he said they’re moving in the right direction together. Highlight- right place, and he’s really trying Times photograph ing announced, upcoming Indigenous languages legislation, Mr. Trudeau hard to ensure that the Indig- by Andrew Meade said he’s not putting a time limit on work to co-develop it, as it’s more enous people of Canada have important to get it right in ways that “will last generations and centuries.” their rightful say in the national Indigenous Services Minister Jane Philpott (Markham-Stouffville, Ont.) politics,” he said. focused her remarks to the assembly on May 2 on the issue of child welfare, Tricia Sutherland, chief of the which she called a “humanitarian crisis,” with Indigenous children dispropor- One Arrow First Nation in Sas- tionately represented in the welfare system. Noting a January commitment katchewan, said she thinks “it’s to discuss the possibility of co-created federal legislation on First Nations time for change” at the AFN and child welfare, Ms. Philpott said “if you believe that the affi rmation of the wants to see more accountability rights of children and families should be laid down in co-created federal and transparency brought to the law” before the next election, “I need to hear from you.” organization’s work, and for the Liberal MP (Scarborough Southwest, Ont.), the government’s AFN’s role to be clarifi ed “with point-person on marijuana legalization, also spoke at the special assembly themselves, and with the govern- May 2. Ms. Bennett, Heritage Minister Mélanie Joly (Ahuntsic-Cartierville, ment.” Que.), Conservative Leader Andrew Scheer (Regina-Qu’Appelle, Sask.), NDP “Someone needs to be there Leader Jagmeet Singh, and Green Party Leader Elizabeth May (Saanich-Gulf to make sure that their advocacy Islands, B.C.) all addressed the assembly on May 1, as previously reported. is there for the people, and not 40 MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 | THE HILL TIMES News Cannabis Bill

or fi ve years to see where we’re at on that’—I think that that’s reasonable,” he said. “I was a kid: I used to go garden- raiding, get tomatoes and what- have-you. I wouldn’t want them coming and raiding in my garden for marijuana. I wouldn’t want it to be available to kids,” he said. “I think that everybody should be allowed to grow...four plants is ample, as far as I’m concerned. I think that we should be doing that, but I can see the problems.” When asked about limiting the Point person: number of recommended amend- Liberal MP Bill ments to C-45, Sen. Manning said, Blair, parliamentary “We’re not going to be able to secretary to both deal with all of the recommenda- the health and tions, but we’re going to have to justice ministers, bring them together as best we is the government’s can.” point person on Sen. Patterson said the com- the legalization of mittee should not worry about marijuana. The Hill limiting the number of recom- Times photograph mended amendments to the bill. by Andrew Meade “I think that if the bill needs signifi cant improvement in many aspects, we shouldn’t shy away from making it right and forcing the government to consider issues Senate committee split on that may have been overlooked.” Justice Minister Jody Wilson- Raybould (Vancouver Granville, B.C.) told reporters in the House of Commons April 26 that the amendment to delay cannabis bill government would “consider all amendments that come forward.” She made that remark after she tending the committee’s meetings ize marijuana, the world is going late last week that he still planned Paring down was asked about a call from and will take over for Conserva- to go to hell in a handbasket, that to legalize cannabis this summer. Quebec’s minister for Canadian tive Senator Nancy Greene Raine the police will not be able to do The Conservatives will also recommendations relations, Jean-Marc Fournier, (British Columbia-Thompson- their job. They already enforce likely support an amendment to for C-45 to be amended to clarify Okanagan-Kootenay), a mem- impairment, they already have strip a section from the bill that from four committees the right of provinces to ban the ber of the committee, when she [drug recognition expert] of- would allow members of the pub- growing of cannabis in private will be a ‘test of retires May 11. fi cers,” said Sen. Campbell, a lic to grow up to four cannabis homes, as Quebec wants to do, “That’s a really important former RCMP offi cer who served plants on their own properties, despite home growth being al- wills’ for members amendment that I’m hoping will on a drug squad. which was suggested by some lowed to a maximum of four gain traction in the Senate,” said “It’s always nice to have more members of the Senate Legal of Social Aff airs, says plants under C-45. Sen. Patterson. tools if you’re a police offi cer. Affairs Committee, said Sen. Pat-

Sen. Jim Munson. “I don’t think, from what we’ve But the fact is, that we have those terson. Quebec’s government is ‘Fear,’ biases have heard thus far, I really don’t think offi cers right now on a daily basis also calling on the government to that we’re prepared or ready for it protecting us from impaired driv- amend C-45 to clarify that prov- coloured debate on legal Continued from page 1 here in this country,” said Conser- ing.” inces have the right to ban home cannabis: Sen. Omidvar 16 specifi c amendments, and vative Senator Fabian Manning Sen. Dean, C-45’s sponsor in growing themselves, as Quebec At least some of the Senators many other suggested actions for (N.L.), another member of the the Senate, is planning to return wants to do. studying C-45 have consumed can- the government to take in rela- committee. to the Social Affairs Committee Members of Social Affairs nabis before. Sen. Campbell said he tion to the bill, C-45. One more Liberal Senator Jim Munson during the last week of its study have less than three sitting weeks had, while Sen. Patterson responded committee, Foreign Affairs and (Ottawa/Rideau Canal, Ont.), how- of C-45, his offi ce said. to sort through the recommenda- that he was “a child of the 70s.” International Trade, has until May ever, said he would vote against an Independent Senator Ratna tions and observations from the Sen. Omidvar is a medical user 9 to pass its suggestions on to amendment to delay implementa- Omidvar (Ontario), another com- four committees reporting to So- of cannabis, she said. Social Affairs. tion of the bill, because it would mittee member, said she was still cial Affairs—which also includes “Because I have a little bit of The Social Affairs Committee extend the current situation, in considering all recommended the National Security Commit- experience in this on a personal members have until May 29 to de- which people are being convicted amendments to the bill, including tee—and those put forward by level, I think much of the conver- cide which proposed amendments of pot possession and acquiring delaying implementation. Senators lobbying the commit- sation around cannabis has been to include in their report back damaging criminal records. tee, and write up their report. infl uenced by the social norms to the Senate on the bill. After “A few months may not hurt. How many is too many? The committee has begun sitting and biases that are attached to that, the Senate will evaluate the But to delay this for a year or two, extended hours already. smoking hash, weed, marijuana, committee’s report and debate the just doesn’t play well with me.” Whether the Senate ultimately “Certainly it will be a test of cannabis, whatever you like,” she bill once more—Senators can try Independent Senator Larry amends the bill to delay imple- wills, and compromise,” said Sen. said. to get more amendments tacked Campbell (B.C.), who is temporarily mentation may not matter: the Munson. “There’s a fair amount of fear onto C-45 at third reading—be- replacing Independent Senator Tony government can reject any or all Sen. Munson said he believed there, and for sure, I had that fore, in all likelihood, sending Dean (Ontario) on the committee of the Senate’s amendments, and Social Affairs should aim to put fear too when my doctor recom- the bill back to the House with while he is on medical leave, said the Senate is unlikely to insist forward no more than about mended that I try cannabis for amendments for the government delaying implementation of the bill upon amendments that do not half-a-dozen amendments for the my particular issue. And I had a to consider. for a year was a “ridiculous idea.” infringe on constitutional rights. Senate, and ultimately the House bias too. But I had been advised Senators on the Social Affairs “Somehow there’s the idea Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and government, to consider. with education—my mother, by Committee haven’t yet found here that the day that they legal- (Papineau, Que.) told reporters He noted that the report could the way, is also a medical user— common ground on the most con- include observations, which do so I’ve had some experience in troversial proposal, put forward not propose amending the text of understanding what it is, how you by both the Senate Aboriginal C-45, but send a signal to govern- use it, what are the limitations, Peoples Committee and some ment regulators as they draw up what about THC content.” members of the Legal and Con- the fi ne print governing legalized “But even having some ex- stitutional Affairs Committee, to cannabis. perience in the medical regime delay the implementation of C-45, Sen. Campbell said he believed has helped me understand...that and thus the legalization of can- the government “has to be in a people have biases, because I had nabis, by one year after the bill is position to accept” recommended mine, and how you overcome that, passed. changes to C-45, and the more because I’ve had experience there. Social Affairs includes fi ve specifi c, the better. I think that’s helped me a little. It’s Conservative Senators, fi ve “If you’re talking four or helped me quite a lot, in fact, to Independent Senators, and two fi ve amendments that are well understand all the many complexi- Liberal Senators. The Conserva- thought-out, backed up by scien- ties around the usage of cannabis.” tives are all likely to support an tifi c evidence, and with a date to Sen. Omidvar declined to say amendment to delay the bill’s take a look at them again—for what medical condition she was entry into force by a year, said Senate infl uencers: Conservative Senator Dennis Patterson, left, Independent instance in Quebec, saying, ‘We treating with cannabis. Conservative Senator Dennis Senator Ratna Omidvar, and Liberal Senator Jim Munson. The Hill Times fi le don’t want to do home grows, but [email protected] Patterson (Nunavut), who is at- photographs, photograph courtesy of Senator Dennis Patterson we will review it at three years @PJMazereeuw THE HILL TIMES | MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 41 Steven Pinker Feature

to be more optimistic about life. cide was in decline, warfare was in section on progress, in that if you “People don’t appreciate that decline since 1946, rape had been had to pick a moment in history to there has been progress because in decline … no one seemed to be be born, you didn’t know who you of the illusion generated by jour- aware of these historical develop- would be and where you’d be born, nalistic practice,” he said, adding ments which you can see only you’d pick now, and he himself in his a politician’s takeaway from the through quantitative data. speeches often would credit global book would be to strike a balance “Then when I came across oth- progress that has taken place. between showing the public the er measures of human well-being “Indeed his speech writers at one progress that has been made and such as global extreme poverty … point reached out to me for some fi xing the problems of the world. I realized there was an even a big- fact checking on claims that he had “The danger of course is that ger story that was not suffi ciently made about human progress.” that politician would seem indiffer- appreciated, that whenever you ent to the suffering of the people quantify human wellbeing you Can a politician be optimistic and who have been left behind, that he see global improvements. also try to fi x the world’s problems? or she would seem oblivious or out “And I thought that both need “It can be done with a skillful of touch,” he said, adding former to be presented and needed to be enough politician. The danger of U.S. president Barack Obama was explained. And my best explana- course is that politician would seem good at that balance and even ref- tion was that this was a gift of the indifferent to the suffering of the erenced the enlightenment in his values of enlightenment, namely people who have been left behind, fi nal speech as president. reason, science, and humanism.” that he or she would seem oblivious Lunch with the lads: Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, pictured on March 26, Business mogul and former or out of touch. So it’s a diffi cult bal- with author Steven Pinker in his Centre Block offi ce on the Hill. Photograph CEO of Microsoft Bill Gates said You argue that things are getting ance for a politician to strive for.” courtesy of Twitter Enlightenment Now was “the most better around the world, despite inspiring book” he’s ever read, “fear mongering, confusion, and Is it possible that the book could and the praise doesn’t stop there. political upheaval.” But how do change minds, to go back to the Mr. Pinker said Bloomberg’s CEO you explain the phenomenon of positive track of before Novem- Michael Bloomberg and former electing someone like Donald ber 2016’s U.S. election? Mexican president Vicente Fox Trump in the United States? “Well, I don’t want to get grandi- Pinker brings had both spoken to him about how “Because our view of the world ose about the effects of the book. inspiring the book was. through the lens of journalism I hope, I’d like to think that my That notoriety was something has some systematic inaccuracies; book will be part of it, but it’s much he was not anticipating when he we can be oblivious to the gift of bigger than my book and it’s that it his message of began writing the book in 2013, modern liberal democracy. The ought to happen, book or not. he said. news reports events, not trends. “I had it half-written and then Mr. Pinker said the results of “So you November 2016 the 2016 U.S. election called into combine the Enlightenment happened, and question whether he should con- very nature Now: The Case at fi rst this was hope to Trudeau tinue writing the book. of journalism For Reason, a something of “Donald Trump is not exactly with the nature a calamity for Science, The 556-page book, published a paradigm of progress, and as of the human the world. Canadian-born by Viking, explores, with the aid I point out in the book, directly mind: namely, Humanism, and “I [had to] of 75 graphs and charts, how life, threatens many of the kinds of we assess risk Progress by think about author Steven health, prosperity, safety, peace, progress that I champion, such and danger Steven Pinker, how you could Pinker explores, knowledge, and happiness, are all as global community, and policy and probabil- Viking, 556 pp., publish a book on the rise in the West, despite the based on science,” he said. ity according $35. about progress with the help of 75 proliferation of negative news that But he said the book is needed to how easily after the elec- suggests otherwise. The word “en- in society “now more than ever.” we can recall tion of Donald graphs and charts, lightenment,” in this case, refers “The time was more right examples or Trump. [He’s] to the progression of society after than ever for a defence of the vivid images or not exactly a how life, health, the 18th century with the growth of enlightenment worldview because narratives. And you can see why paradigm of progress, and as I technology and science, he said. people were looking for a positive people always have the impres- point out in the book, directly prosperity, safety, “If you had to pick a moment in statement,” he said. sion that things are getting worse threatens many of the kinds of peace, knowledge, history to be born, you didn’t know The book has been rated 4.3 and worse even when in reality progress that I champion, such who you would be and where out of fi ve stars on Goodreads, everything is getting better. as an international global com- and happiness are all you’d be born, you’d pick now,” Mr. and is number eight on The New “Certainly in the United States munity, such as policy based on Pinker said, adding that his book York Times hardcover nonfi ction even the liberal leftist is almost science, and many other things. on the rise, despite provides a progress of society bestseller list. unilaterally disarmed by agreeing “But I came to realize and I that includes a decline of rape, The following Q&A with Mr. that society is in deepening crisis, have been vindicated in this hope the proliferation of eliminating practices like slavery Pinker has been edited for length and therefore passively agreed that the time was more right than and public torture executions, and and style. with the narrative of right-wing ever for a defence of the en- negative news. quantitative data on the reduction populists like Donald Trump that lightenment worldview, because of global extreme poverty. Why did you write this book? the country is in a state of disaster, people were looking for a positive BY SHRUTI SHEKAR On March 26, Mr. Trudeau Why is the book important? and therefore we may as well burn statement of ‘if we are not popu- thanked Mr. Pinker on Twitter “for “There have been few defences it to the ground and wreck our list, well, what are we?’” ust a couple of weeks ago, Har- an enlightening conversation,” say- of liberal democracy and secular institutions since anything that Jvard professor and cognitive ing, “Great to spend time with one humanism, and I thought that that arises from the ashes will be better How can enlightenment stop psychologist Steven Pinker sat of the world’s clearest and most vi- mindset which I label as being the than the catastrophe that is now.” climate change, for instance? down in Centre Block with Prime tal thinkers,” and noted their shared ‘Enlightenment Project’ needed What should politicians and law- Minister Justin Trudeau to talk McGill University education. an explicit defence. Are people in the U.S. still en- makers be doing? about enlightenment and modern The now-Boston, Mass., resi- “I had an epiphany that hap- lightened? “It’s only science and enlight- liberal democracy. dent said the invitation to lunch pened to me prior to writing my “Well, Barack Obama won two enment that, I say, can stop climate The Montreal native’s latest with the prime minister came book The Better Angels of Our elections, not only the Electoral change. A combination of policy, book Enlightenment Now: The from Mr. Trudeau’s principal Nature, which was inspired by my College but also the popular vote, namely carbon pricing and tech- Case for Reason, Science, Human- secretary Gerald Butts, who read coming across data sets showing and he accredited the enlighten- nology, namely the development ism, and Progress hit bookstores the book too. that most measures of violence ment in his outgoing speech and of zero-carbon energy sources, on Feb. 13, and the bookshelves of “So far the hype has been had been in decline and virtually gave me a statement of progress. because people are not going to some high-profi le political fi gures. lived up to #amreading,” Mr. Butts no one knew about it, that homi- “I used [it] as an epigraph for my go back to the middle ages or even “Apparently [Mr. Trudeau] is one posted on his Facebook page on before the industrial revolution. of them,” said Mr. Pinker in a phone March 25. “People quite rightly want to interview with The Hill Times of the Mr. Pinker, whose brother Robert Harvard professor and be warm in winter and cool in infl uential political leaders who are Pinker worked as federal senior of- cognitive psychologist summer, and want light and ce- currently reading the book. fi cer in the Privy Council Offi ce and Steven Pinker’s new ment and paper and steel, and the The two met for lunch in Mr. other departments for more than 20 book Enlightenment industrial revolution brought tre- Trudeau’s (Papineau, Que.) offi ce years, tries to show in the book that Now: The Case for mendous advantages to humanity. on March 26, where Mr. Pinker the world is actually a better place, Reason, Science, “We will not and should not made the case that many modern- despite the bad news headlines. Humanism, and go back to the 18th century, but day successes can be tracked back “A country that is not at war Progress is being read the problem is how do we enjoy to enlightenment ideals despite, as never gets a headline, people are by Prime Minister the benefi ts of abundant energy written on the book’s dust jacket, unaware how much safer the world Justin Trudeau, his without bringing on potentially the onslaught of “lurid headlines has become,” he said, adding the principal secretary catastrophic climate change? And and prophesies of doom.” takeaway for politicians and politi- Gerald Butts, former I think the answer is clear: that “[Mr. Trudeau] appreciated the cal leaders is that there needs to be Mexican president we have to promote and develop main point of the book, which is a balance between showing human Vicente Fox, and energy sources that give us the to maintain a positive defence of progress, and fi xing the world. many more. Photograph advantages of energy without the cosmopolitan liberalism,” said Mr. Mr. Pinker said his goal for courtesy of Steven Pinker risk of harmful climate change.” Pinker in a phone interview last the book is to help readers realize [email protected] week. that progress has been made and @shruti_shekar 42 THE HILL TIMES | MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018

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Drug-resistant bacteria are already spread widely throughout North America, and drug makers need more support to fi nd ways to counter them, writes Ilona Torontali. Photograph by Victor courtesy of Flickr Ilona Torontali Opinion and monitor drug-resistant infec- longer illness, and higher death tions; infection prevention and tolls, but without a market access control to contain the spread of framework and research to refl ect magine a future where critical resistant organisms; stewardship these realities, there is a lack of Imedical procedures like organ to provide regulatory oversight incentive for discovery, meaning transplants or heart surgeries are to reduce inappropriate use of manufacturers may forego AMR deemed to be hazardous to public antimicrobials; and research and altogether. health, and are reserved only for Innovation to facilitate further So, what is the solution? How use as a last resort because the drug discoveries. can we bring potentially life-saving risk of drug-resistant infections The fi rst three components drugs to patients? outweighs the benefi ts of the pro- depend largely on public sector A fi rst step is to amend current cedure. action. To this end, Health Canada regulations related to new drug This may sound like science fi c- and the Public Health Agency of submissions in Canada to refl ect tion, but the reality is that drug-re- Canada have led the charge. clinical trial challenges. Amend- sistance (also known as antimicro- The fourth component, research ments should allow for additional bial resistance or AMR) is already and innovation, is bigger than any information to be used as sup- on the rise, driven in part by the one sector in Canada. The chal- portive evidence when assessing a widespread overuse of medicines lenge, put simply, is a lack of new potential new drug, including real- like antibiotics. medicines to treat AMR infections. world data and alternate clinical Experts suggest that if AMR In the face of this crisis in health- trial designs. continues to rise at its current care, more collaboration between In addition, regulators must pace, it will result in 10 mil- the public sector and private part- review and adapt health technol- lion deaths annually by the year ners is needed to incentivize new ogy assessments for measuring the 2050, costing the world economy drug discovery. value of antibiotics (in the context $100-trillion USD. Given this However, there are significant of AMR), so reimbursement deci- considerable impact, the need for challenges to bringing a new an- sions refl ect the true value of the governments globally to prioritize tibiotic to market. For one, when potential new drug. AMR as a public health concern it comes to novel antibiotics, the The reality is that antimicro- and implement action plans to measure of “value” to patients is bial resistance is already here. curb its spread is critical. This is difficult to demonstrate due to We, as a society, have the op- where Canada stands out. As a clinical trial design and small pa- portunity to lead with Canadian- country, we are actively monitor- tient populations, which result made solutions that could save ing the presence of antimicrobial in limited clinical data. We need thousands, if not millions of lives. resistant infections and have com- to explore alternative policy op- However, Canada needs collab- mitted to supporting the World tions that curb these challenges, orative policies and regulations to Health Organization’s Global and address an unmet medical help (not hinder) the development Action Plan. Canada has also need. of new antimicrobial treatments. implemented its own Pan-Canadi- There is little research into The public and private sector an Framework for Action, which the economic costs of AMR in both have a role to play, and outlines a coordinated approach Canada, and because of that there our ability to work together will from federal and provincial gov- is a lack of economic modelling ultimately determine whether we TARGETED. EDUCATED. CONNECTED. ernments, as well as private and available to properly evaluate succeed. public partners. potential drugs. We know that the Ilona Torontali is vice-president The success of this Framework economic burden of AMR includes of regulatory affairs and market Contact: [email protected] will depend on our country’s impacts on healthcare systems and access at Hoffmann-La Roche 613-232-5952 ext. 243 ability to deliver on four core labour force productivity due to Limited (Roche Canada). elements: surveillance to detect the increased costs of treatment, The Hill Times THE HILL TIMES | MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 45

on Mr. Morneau’s 2015 election campaign banking analyst with Scotia Capital, a in Toronto Centre, Ont., which saw the MP former venture capital analyst with Black- elected for the fi rst time with roughly 57.9 berry Partners Fund, a former manager of per cent support. strategic investments and new ventures Before coming to work on the Hill, she with Torstar Corporation, and a former vice hill climbers was working for the Calgary-based energy president of operations for Salmatic Tech- company, TransCanada, as an external nologies, an investment fi rm, in Toronto. communications specialist. Ms. Kaur is a He studied a bachelor’s degree in eco- by Laura Ryckewaert former Ontario Liberal staffer, having been nomics and political science at the Uni- an MPP liaison and stakeholder relations versity of Toronto, and later a bachelor’s and public appointments adviser to then in business administration at Western Liberal training, colleges, and universities University. minister Glen Murray, starting in Decem- Ben Chin is now chief of staff to Mr. ber 2011. She later served as a communica- Morneau, whose offi ce also currently Staff changes for tions adviser to John Milloy when he once includes: Justin To, policy and budget again took on the portfolio in August 2012. director; Daniel Lauzon, director of com- Amongst other past experience, she’s munications; Chloe Girouard-Luciani, also been press secretary; Jeni Armstrong, senior Finance Minister a special communications adviser; policy advisers assistant Emily Yorke, Allie Chalke and Maximilien at the City Roy; Matthew Barnes, special assistant for of Toronto communications; Samar Assoum, special in both the assistant for parliamentary affairs and Morneau, new offi ce of the stakeholder relations; Priya Gurnani, ex- TTC Chair ecutive assistant; and Christina Lazarova, and the assistant to the minister’s parliamentary offi ce of the secretary, Liberal MP Joël Lightbound. city’s bud- directors promoted get chief. Mean- Walk this way: while, Treasury Board President Finance Minister deputy Brison down one aide Bill Morneau, director of pictured recently policy Elliot on his way out Hughes has Treasury Board President Scott Brison of the House exited the recently bade farewell to one of his policy of Commons Finance advisers, Jean-François Lefort. Chamber. The Minister’s Mr. Lefort first minister has made Offi ce, Elliot Hughes is now working joined Mr. Brison’s a number of senior and is now for National Defence Minister ministerial office staff changes of director . Photograph at the end of late, including of policy courtesy of LinkedIn March 2016 as promoting a to Mr. Sajjan. Previously, James Cudmore a policy adviser new director of was policy director to Mr. Sajjan, but he and assistant to parliamentary recently changed offi ces to instead serve the minister’s affairs and as director of policy to Democratic Institu- parliamentary a director of tions Minister . secretary, Liberal operations. The Hill For his part, Mr. Hughes began working MP Joyce Mur- Times photograph by for Mr. Morneau in December 2015 as a ray. He dropped Andrew Meade senior policy adviser, and was bumped up his latter respon- to the deputy director rank last July. Ian sibilities roughly Foucher was also named a deputy director a year ago, after of policy at the same time, and continues in Michael Miller this role. was hired on A former Ontario Liberal staffer, to serve as the few more senior staffi ng changes have of policy; Michael Bhardwaj, director of new assistant taken place in Finance Minister Bill communications; Ann-Marie Paquet, press Mr. Hughes spent time as a special as- A sistant in the Liberal caucus services to the par- Morneau’s offi ce recently, including the secretary; Felicity Feinman, digital and so- liamentary departure of his director of parliamentary cial media lead; Stephanie Muccilli, policy offi ce at Queen’s Park before becoming co-campaign manager of former Liberal secretary. affairs Catherine Loiacono, on April 23. adviser; Joshua Lindner, special assistant In more Ms. Loiacono had joined Mr. Morneau’s for Western regional affairs; and Micaela MP Martha Hall Findlay’s 2006 leadership campaign. Stéphane Dion was elected the belated offi ce around the start of the fall session, Carriere, executive assistant. staff- and before then had been a senior account In turn, Mr. Morneau promoted Marion Liberal leader in that race, and Mr. Hughes subsequently landed a job as the Ontario ing news, director at Coast Communications and Pilon-Cousineau to take over as his new Vasken Public Affairs. director of parliamentary affairs as of April regional affairs adviser in Mr. Dion’s offi ce Treasury Board President as leader of the offi cial opposition. He’s Vosguian, She previously spent about three years 24. Scott Brison, who’s currently who had been working with the then-Liberal B.C. govern- Ms. Pilon- also volunteered on Paul Martin’s 2003 also acting as the democratic leadership campaign, as indicate by his executive as- ment’s communications and public engage- Cousineau institutions minister. The Hill sistant to the ment offi ce. Ms. Loiacono is also a former fi rst joined LinkedIn profi le, and did political opera- Times photograph by Andrew tions work for the Liberal Party in Ontario chief of staff, senior director of marketing and com- Mr. Mor- Meade switched roles munications with neau’s offi ce around the 2004 federal election. Before joining Mr. Morneau’s offi ce, at the begin- the Independent a special ning of the Contractors and assistant for Mr. Hughes had been a manager of public affairs at the year and is now a special assistant for Businesses Associa- parliamenta- parliamentary affairs. Before joining Mr. tion of B.C., and a ry affairs and Canadian In- stitute of Ac- Brison’s ministerial office in February former communi- assistant to 2017, he’d been a parliamentary assis- cations and media the minister’s tuaries. He’s also a former tant to Heritage Minister Mélanie Joly relations manager parliamenta- in her capacity as the Liberal MP for with the Canadian ry secretary— manager at Lloyds Bank- Ahuntsic-Cartierville, Que. Cancer Society. then Liberal Adam Carroll is chief of staff to Mr. Ms. Loiacono MP François- ing Group and a former Brison. The offi ce also currently includes: has switched over Philippe Tisha Ashton, director of policy; Dale Catherine Loiacono to serve as director Champagne, Marion Pilon-Cousineau is external rela- tions coordi- Palmeter, director of issues management; is now working for of parliamentary who’s now Mr. Morneau’s new director Edward Rawlinson, director of parlia- Science Minister affairs to Science the Interna- of parliamentary affairs. nator with the Micronutrient mentary affairs; Bruce Cheadle, director Kirsty Duncan. Minister Kirsty tional Trade Photograph courtesy of LinkedIn of communications; Jean-Luc Ferland, se- Photograph courtesy of Duncan. She fi lls minister—in Initiative. Finally, nior communications and policy adviser; LinkedIn a void left by January 2016. In June 2017, she switched Ashley Wright, senior policy adviser; the departure of roles to become a legislative assistant in Dev Sax- ena recently Julie O’Hanley, policy adviser; Kelly Diana Mendes from Ms. Duncan’s offi ce the minister’s offi ce. Dev Saxena recently joined Murdock, policy adviser; Farees Nathoo, in January; Ms. Mendes is now director of She’s also previously spent time work- joined Mr. Morneau’s the Finance Minister’s Offi ce. special assistant for communications; parliamentary affairs to National Defence ing in Prime Minister Justin Trudeau’s Photograph courtesy of LinkedIn and Alex Watson, executive assistant to Minister Harjit Sajjan. constituency offi ce as the Liberal MP for political staff team as a the minister. In Ms. Duncan’s offi ce, Ms. Loiacono Papineau, Que., among other past jobs. Mr. Brison spent a total of almost will be working closely with adviser Mi- Sharan Kaur has also recently been senior policy adviser. He’d previously been fi lling the same role in Innovation, Sci- $1.2-million to run his ministerial offi ce in chael Ingoldsby. promoted in Mr. Morneau’s offi ce and is 2016-17, as indicated by the most recent Chief of staff Anne Dawson is in charge now director of operations. She’s been a ence, and Economic Development Minister Navdeep Bains’ offi ce, which he’d fi rst public accounts. Of that, $1,096,607 went Ms. Duncan’s offi ce as the minister for Sci- political aide to the minister since Novem- toward covering personnel costs. ence. Also currently working in the offi ce ber 2015, and until recently was a senior joined in February 2016 as a policy adviser. Mr. Saxena is a former investment [email protected] are political aides: John Burnett, director manager of operations. Ms. Kaur worked The Hill Times 46 MONDAY, MAY 7, 2018 | THE HILL TIMES Feature Events Military brass, MPs to mingle at Party Under the Stars May 7 TUESDAY, MAY 8 Former defence minister Rob Parliamentary Egg Farmers of Canada 2018 Eggscellent Break- Nicholson, fast—All MPs and Senators are invited to come meet Canada’s egg farmers at the 2018 Eggscellent Break- left, with Calendar fast. Start the day by dropping by the Parliamentary Conservative Dining Room between 7:15 and 8:45 a.m. to enjoy a MPs Karen delicious dish made with Canadian eggs. Please RSVP Vecchio and by May 4 to [email protected]. , Canadian Dental Association’s Days on the Hill–These and Liberal two days will connect leaders from Canada’s 21,000 MPs Sherry dentists with Parliamentarians to discuss important issues pertaining to oral health. May 8 and May 9. Romanado and The CDA is the national voice for dentistry in Canada. Bill Blair at For further information, please contact Annie Jones at Party Under the [email protected]. Stars in May MONDAY, MAY 7 Canadian Dental Association Annual Reception—The 2017. The Hill CDA invites you to its annual parliamentary reception Times photograph The House Is Sitting—The House sits every weekday for friends of the dental profession, Parliamentarians, by Shruti Shekar until leaving for a one-week break from May 14 to 21. After and staff at 5:30 p.m. in room 238-S Centre Block. returning on May 22, the House is scheduled to sit every Refreshments will be provided. To RSVP, please contact weekday until adjourning for the summer break in late June. Temple Scott Associates at [email protected]. The Senate will largely follow the same schedule, though Positioning Canada in a Shifting International Order— the Senate traditionally only sits Tuesday to Thursday, and is The Canadian Global Affairs Institute presents this scheduled to break a week later in the spring, on June 29. day-long conference with sessions on managing America pins today’s approaches to public sector ethics. Join Mary by industry expert Doug Mander comparing trends in Party Under the Stars—MPs, ministers, military First, the China challenge, and a G7 overview. Speakers Dawson, Ralph Heintzman, Catherine MacQuarrie, Jim Canada and the U.S. 6-8 p.m., Room 330, 180 Wel- brass, and members of the business community will include Natural Resources Minister , Global Af- Mitchell, and a dozen other current and former public lington St. RSVP to [email protected] by May 4. convene at Ottawa City Hall for the ninth annual edition fairs Canada deputy minister Ian Shugart, former Quebec service leaders in asking how strong that foundation has Space is limited. of this fundraiser for post-combat wellness programs, premier Jean Charest, former Conservative interim leader proven to be and how fi rm it is for the future. The full- Latin American Film Festival—Cinema from across including service dogs for Canadian soldiers and front- Rona Ambrose, former Liberal interim leader Bob Rae, G7 day conference Ethical Standards, Culture, and Leader- Latin America will be showcased at the new Ottawa Art line responders. Ottawa Mayor Jim Watson and council- sherpa Peter Boehm, and ambassadors from G7 countries ship: ‘Back to the Future’ with the Tait Report will take Gallery, May 2-31. The Latin American Film Festival, lor Jody Mitic are among those confi rmed to speak. including France, Japan, and Britain. 8:30 a.m.-6 p.m. place at St. Paul’s University in Ottawa from 8:45 a.m. now in its 22nd year, is being organized by the Cana- Conservative MP and deputy party whip John Brassard $50-$199. Rideau Club, 15th fl oor, 99 Bank St. Register to 4:45 p.m. (Doors open at 7:45.) Early-bird registra- dian Film Institute with the collaboration of GRULA, will serve as the master of ceremonies, while Juno- via https://www.eventbrite.ca/e/positioning-canada-in-the- tion ends April 17. For further details and to register go a group of Latin American embassies in Canada. award-winning Canadian legend Valdy will perform, shifting-international-order-tickets-44234171598. to https://willow.reg-system.com/EPAC2018CON. Admission $13 for the general public and $9 for CFI and Air Canada will give away a trip for two. $30. 6-10 Ethical Standards, Culture, and Leadership—John Tait’s Beer Industry Caucus—Parliamentarians and staff are and OAG members, students, and seniors. Ottawa Art p.m. 110 Laurier Ave. W. For tickets, visit eventbrite. 1996 landmark report A Strong Foundation: Report of the invited to enjoy a unique beer and food experience led Gallery, 50 Mackenzie King Bridge. For tickets see: ca/e/party-under-the-stars-tickets-43002224812. Task Force on Public Service Values and Ethics under- by certifi ed cicerone Crystal Luxmore and a presentation https://www.cfi -icf.ca/laff-2018-events/fi esta.

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TUESDAY, MAY 22 Parliamentary SOCAN Parliamentary Reception—Parliamentarians and staff are invited to join the Society of Composers, Authors, and Music Publishers of Canada (SOCAN) Calendar for an intimate concert in the East Block Courtyard on Parliament Hill showcasing the best in Canadian talent. 5:30 p.m. (or after votes) to 7:30 p.m. Nestlé Canada Reception—Nestlé Canada invites Par- liamentarians and their staff to an event showcasing the diversity of the company’s brands and initiatives. Enjoy a variety of Nestlé products while learning about the company. 6-8 p.m. Metropolitain Brasserie, 700 Sussex Dr, Ottawa. Please RSVP to [email protected] by May 16.

WEDNESDAY, MAY 9 WEDNESDAY, MAY 23 DetermiNATION: An Indigenous-led Summit Building Liberal Caucus Meeting—The Liberals will meet in Solutions for Moving past the Indian Act—From May 23-24 Room 237-C Centre Block on Parliament Hill. For more at the Delta Ottawa City Centre, DetermiNATION will information, please call Liberal Party media relations at bring together thinkers and leaders to create a framework [email protected] or 613-627-2384. for decolonization. Starting with an understanding of the Conservative Caucus Meeting—The Conservatives principles and mechanisms that underlie the Indigenous- will meet for their national caucus meeting. For more government relationship, participants will develop a con- information, contact Cory Hann, director of com- crete, actionable solution for overcoming those barriers and munications with the Conservative Party of Canada at That’s a big job: Workers repair the east lawn of Parliament Hill on May 1. The lawn was achieving nation-to-nation progress. This event is to be held [email protected]. on unceded Algonquin territory. Speakers and facilitators NDP Caucus Meeting—The NDP caucus will meet damaged during the winter when the Canada 150 skating rink was built in the area. The rink will be announced as they are confi rmed. For more informa- from 9:15-11 a.m. in the Wellington Building. For was projected to cost $8.1-million. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade tion and to register, visit determinationsummit.ca. more information, please call the NDP Media Centre at The Parliamentary Calendar is a free events listing. 613-222-2351 or [email protected]. Send in your political, cultural, diplomatic, or governmental Best Western Hotel, 1274 Carling Ave., Ottawa. Members, tarians will present a lifetime achievement award to the Groupe Parlementaire Québécois Caucus Meeting— event in a paragraph with all the relevant details under the $20. Non-members, $25. Please confi rm your attendance former interim Liberal leader and ex-Ontario premier The Groupe Parlementaire Québécois caucus will meet subject line ‘Parliamentary Calendar’ to news@hilltimes. ASAP to Carol Simpson: [email protected]. Bob Rae at a gala dinner event at the Fairmont Royal from 9:30 a.m. in La Francophonie room (263-S) in com by Wednesday at noon before the Monday paper or by York Hotel in Toronto. For details on this event and Centre Bock, on Wednesday. For more information, call Friday at noon for the Wednesday paper. We can’t guaran- to purchase tables or tickets, please contact Bassett press attaché Julie Groleau, 514-792-2529. tee inclusion of every event, but we will defi nitely do our MONDAY, MAY 14 Events at 416-616-4660 or [email protected]. Politics & The Pen Gala—The winner of this year’s best. Events can be updated daily online too. $25,000 Shaughnessy Cohen Prize for Political Writing Polytechnics Canada 2018 Annual Conference: Shift- An Evening with Jean-Yves Duclos—The Liberal Party will be announced at the Fairmont Château Laurier in ing Gears: Today’s Polytechnics, Tomorrow’s Work—In of Canada’s Quebec wing is holding this fundraising Ottawa at the Politics and the Pen gala tonight. an era of technological disruption, demographic head- reception with Families, Children, and Social Develop- winds, job churn, and demand for skills, Polytechnics ment Minister Jean-Yves Duclos. $100-$500. 6 p.m. Extra! Extra! THURSDAY, MAY 10 Canada’s annual conference will focus on the creativity Hôtel Le Germain Quebec, 126 Saint-Pierre Quebec, and innovation contributions of polytechnic educa- Que. events.liberal.ca. Read the full Advancing LGBTQI2 Rights in Developing Countries tion. Keynote speakers include Kristin Sharp, New through Research—The International Development America director of the initiative on work, workers, and THURSDAY, MAY 17 Parliamentary Research Centre and the Embassy of the Kingdom of the technology, and co-founder of the Shift Commission; Netherlands are hosting a panel discussion on the role of and Sheridan College distinguished visiting scholar in An Evening with and Jean-Yves Duclos— Calendar research in advancing the rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual, creativity Gerard Puccio. May 14-15. Davis Campus, The Lasalle-Émard-Verdun Federal Liberal Associa- transgender, queer, intersex, and two-spirit persons in Sheridan College, Brampton, Ont. For more information tion is holding a fundraising reception with Families, developing countries. 9-11 a.m. IDRC, 150 Kent St., and to register, visit polytechnicscanada.ca or contact Children, and Social Development Minister Jean-Yves online 8th fl oor, W. David Hopper Room A, Ottawa. Seating is Frank Tersigni at [email protected]. Duclos and parliamentary secretary for innovation free but limited, so please register at idrc.ca/LGBTQI2. Pearson Centre Progressive Leadership Gala—This David Lametti. 6 p.m. $120-$500. Buffet Il Gabbiano, National March for Life in Ottawa—Thousands will gala will celebrate the fi fth anniversary of the Pearson 1550, rue Lapierre, Lasalle, Que. fl ock to Parliament Hill for this annual gathering. The Centre and honour key Canadian progressive leaders: theme for this year’s march is “Pro-Life All In.” Victor G. Dodig, CIBC; Julia Deans, Canadian Children’s Canada’s G7 Presidency and the Charlevoix Summit— Literacy Foundation; Bob Blakely, Canada’s Building The Canadian International Council’s National Capital Trades Unions; Roberta Jamieson, Indspire; and Bon- Branch invites you to this event with Peter Boehm, deputy nie Crombie, mayor of Mississauga. Gala chairperson: minister for the G7 summit and personal representative Sandra Pupatello. Reception: 5:30 p.m., dinner and of the prime minister, in advance of Canada hosting the discussion with honourees: 6:30-8:30 p.m. Toronto G7 leaders’ summit in Charlevoix, Que., June 8-9. 5 Marriott Hotel Eaton Centre, 525 Bay St., Toronto. For p.m. (registration and cash bar); 6 p.m. (presentation, more information and tickets: thepearsoncentre.ca. discussion); 7:30 p.m. (optional dinner), Sheraton Hotel, Rideau Room, 150 Albert St., Ottawa. Register: ottawa@ TUESDAY, MAY 15 thecic.org or 613-903-4011. More information: https:// cicncbmay102018.eventbrite.ca. 2017/2018 Donner Prize Award Ceremony—The win- ner of the 2017/2018 Donner Prize, the award recogniz- ing the best public policy book by a Canadian, will be FRIDAY, MAY 11 announced at a 20th anniversary ceremony. The Carlu, Anthony Carricato Campaign Launch—Hill staffer An- 444 Yonge St., Toronto. 6 p.m. By invitation only. thony Carricato is running for Ottawa city council in Capital Ward. His campaign launch will take place at the 99 Fifth WEDNESDAY, MAY 16 Ave., Arrow & Loon Pub, at 7 p.m. PM Travels to Boston, New York—Prime Minister Justin Trudeau will travel to Boston and New York. In SATURDAY, MAY 12 New York City, he will speak to graduates at New York Lindsay Shepherd to Receive Harry Weldon Canadian University’s 186th commencement ceremony and accept Values Award—POGG Canada’s Harry Weldon Canadian an honorary doctor of laws degree. He will also address Values Award will be presented to Lindsay Shepherd the Economic Club of New York. In Boston, he will par- of Wilfrid Laurier University for her defence of freedom ticipate in the Solve at MIT conference. May 16-18. of speech, thought, and diversity of views in Canadian Gala to Honour Bob Rae with Lifetime Achievement universities and society as a whole. Dooprs open at 1 p.m. Award—The Canadian Association of Former Parliamen- WANT TO LEARN National Arts Centre, Ottawa • May 28, 2018 6PM - 10PM

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