2016 AR Master Webre

ACCELERATING UNIVERSE 2015 - 2016 ANNUAL REPORT DUNLAP INSTITUTE COLLABORATIONS for ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

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Prof. Bryan Gaensler Director’s Message

he past year has been one of our fundamental goals is to provide the star 51 Eridani (pg. 10). A month Taccelerating growth for the the stimulating research environment later, Max led a GPI study that has Dunlap Institute. needed for these students and postdocs given us our best view yet of an Most notable has been the addition to flourish, and it is thus very satisfying extrasolar planet orbiting its parent of two new faculty members, taking that many of Dunlap’s highest profile star. We can expect more spectacular our faculty complement to five. It is discoveries from the last year have been results from GPI in the years ahead. Cover with great excitement that we have led by our young researchers. I have become personally welcomed Professor Suresh Sivanandam, Dunlap scientists have spent many intrigued by the new phenomenon Left: South Pole Telescope a talented experimentalist and former years developing the Gemini Planet of Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs), Right: Dunlap Fellow Tyler Dunlap Fellow; and Professor Renée Imager (GPI), an investment that is an enigmatic population of bright, Natoli and graduate student Matt Young remove a South Hložek, an innovative cosmologist now beginning to reap rich returns in brief flashes of radio waves about Pole Telescope-3G detector and Rhodes Scholar. With Suresh and the rapidly moving field of extrasolar which very little else is known. assembly (pg. 5) from the Renée now on board, the Dunlap has planets. In August 2015, Dunlap The Dunlap has been very active cryostat in the Dunlap a broad capacity for excellence in our Institute’s Long Wavelength Fellows Jeff Chilcote and Jérôme in this new field: Dunlap student Laboratory. research and training programs. Maire, and Dunlap PhD student Max Liam Connor has made a strong case There are now over 50 members Millar-Blanchaer, were part of the that FRBs are embedded in dense Credit: Prof. Keith Vanderlinde; U.S. National of the institute, including 30 students team that announced the discovery of gaseous environments; while Dunlap Science Foundation and postdoctoral researchers. One of a young analogue of Jupiter orbiting Associate, Prof. Ue-Li Pen, was part

C DUNLAP INSTITUTE COLLABORATIONS for ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

“One of our fundamental goals is to provide the stimulating research Section environment needed for these students Header and postdocs to ﬂourish”

of the team that made the ﬁrst-ever I’m very excited by our new measurement of magnetised gas around partnership with Discover the FRBs (pg. 12). Many more detections Universe/À la découverte de l’univers of FRBs are needed, which will soon be (pg. 22), wherein we aim to train high- provided by the CHIME telescope school teachers across Canada how to (pg. 4) with which Dunlap researchers teach astronomy—in both English and are heavily involved. French. Through a great multiplicative Meanwhile, in a spectacular feat of effect, they in turn will reach students. computation, Dunlap researcher Dustin We are also growing our set of Lang has reprocessed data from NASA’s programs on training and development. WISE satellite to derive a new infrared We held another successful West Africa catalogue of 400 million stars and International Summer School for Young galaxies. These precision measurements Astronomers in 2015, and in 2016 are greatly improve previous state-of-the- excited to launch our new Mauna Kea art photometry, and allow astronomers Graduate School, in which students will to now extract infrared properties of travel to Hawaii and take data on Gemini almost any optical object in the sky. North’s world-class, 8-metre facility. Creative ways to extract new science It has personally been very rewarding from existing public data is becoming to work alongside such a motivated and an increasingly important part of all of talented team. The Dunlap Institute is modern astronomy and is a growing active on many fronts, and yet all our focus for the institute. events, programs and public activities We continue to ﬁnd new and more are delivered with the highest level of ambitious ways to excite the public about professionalism. All our members and staff science and, in September 2015, we were can take great pride in the quality of our able to attract thousands of people to the research, the breadth and depth of our Prof. Bryan Gaensler welcoming students to University of Toronto campus to watch a international standing, and the ongoing the 2015 Dunlap Summer total lunar eclipse (pg. 20). relevance of our public message. School.

1 DUNLAP INSTITUTE for ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

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Technology Accelerating the Technology of 01. The Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) at the Dominion Radio Astronomy Astrophysical Observatory, NRC, in B.C.

Credit: Dr. Peter Klages; Dunlap Institute 02 02. A computer simulation shows a “cosmic web” of dark matter at a time in the history of the cosmos when dark energy is accelerating the expansion of the Universe.

Credit: Springel, et al

2 DUNLAP INSTITUTE TECHNOLOGY for ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

The Technology of Astronomical Technology Discovery

Prof. Keith Vanderlinde

echnological developments have always atmospheric emission lines from infrared light this new paradigm—wide-field telescopes Tbeen the hidden hand driving advances in are being patterned directly into optical fibres. driven by sophisticated backend processing astrophysics, from early lenses to modern CCDs. The atmosphere has long been the bête noire and offline analyses—and both are being rapidly Nanotechnology has made huge strides of astronomers, and resources have been poured extended to capitalize on this moment in in recent years, and meta-materials— into overcoming its effects through adaptive astrophysical history. substances and surfaces made of carefully optics or even space telescopes. The Balloon- MWA is beginning a major upgrade engineered and patterned microscopic borne Imaging Testbed (BIT) and its follow-up to bring higher-resolution imaging to the structures—have started finding their way into SuperBIT (pg. 6) are exploring a new model instrument, while CHIME will soon deploy mainstream instruments, with sub-wavelength for escaping the atmosphere: floating on top two large extensions to its digital backend, structures that manipulate light across the of it. Between precision pointing capabilities providing access to the time-variable radio sky electromagnetic spectrum. and ultra-long-duration super-pressure balloon in a way never before possible. By late 2016, Optical telescopes like the Dragonfly flights, this platform is opening a new window it will begin daily monitoring of hundreds of Array use these meta-materials to produce for atmosphere-free observations. radio pulsars, followed shortly afterwards by an high-performance anti-reflection coatings, Radio astronomy largely escapes these unprecedented survey for Fast Radio Bursts. while microwave telescopes like the concerns and, thanks to developments in the The accelerating pace of technological polarization-sensitive Atacama Cosmology telecommunication sector and the exponential advancements mirrors the accelerating Telescope (ACTpol) and the third-generation growth in computational capabilities, has expansion of the Universe, and the Dunlap South Pole Telescope (SPT-3G; pg. 5) are experienced a remarkable renaissance over the Institute is playing a leading role in leveraging Close-up of Dragonfly Array lenses exploring the use of similar patterned or last decade. The Canadian Hydrogen Intensity those advancements and turning them into the etched coatings. Between those wavelengths, Mapping Experiment (CHIME; pg. 4) and the instruments that will make the groundbreaking Credit: P. Van Dokkum, R. Abraham, J. Brodie high-fidelity filters designed to remove Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) exemplify astronomical discoveries of tomorrow.

3 DUNLAP INSTITUTE CHIME for ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

team of astronomers and cosmo- CHIME, which will map the sky Supercomputing Alogists is building an innovative, from its location near Penticton, B.C., all-Canadian radio telescope to map the is a collaboration between the University of the Universe largest volume of space ever surveyed— Toronto, UBC, McGill University and the Technology an expanse billions of light-years deep Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory. that encompasses half the sky. At the Dunlap, a team of graduate students The Canadian Hydrogen Intensity and postdoctoral fellows is led by Prof. Keith Mapping Experiment (CHIME) will Vanderlinde and is currently focused on map the distribution of hydrogen gas in building the “super-computer” that will the early Universe, an epoch when dark process the enormous amounts of data the energy ﬁrst began to play an important 01 experiment will generate.

01 role in the evolution of the cosmos. CHIME’s four, curved half-pipe-shaped With the three-dimensional map, dishes reﬂect radio waves to 1024 receivers astronomers will study Baryonic Acoustic or feeds, evenly spaced along horizontal Oscillations, or BAOs, “ripples” in the beams running the length of each half- density of galaxies. Because all BAOs pipe. The signals from each feed are then measure approximately 500 million processed and combined in the same way light-years across, they can be used as signals from two radio telescopes thousands “standard rulers” to measure cosmic of kilometres apart can be combined— distances and, in turn, measure the a technique called interferometry. accelerating expansion of the Universe. When fully operational, CHIME will These observations will shed light yield close to a terabyte of data every on the enigmatic engine driving that second (equal to approximately 3% of global acceleration: dark energy. Internet trafﬁc) and this torrent of data will And because CHIME surveys the require a prodigious amount of computer entire northern sky for 24 hours of processing power. The experiment gets every day, it will also be used to study this power from 1024 high-performance Fast Radio Bursts (pg. 12) and other graphics-processing units (GPUs), similar to 01. CHIME “half-pipe” dishes near Penticton B.C. were short-lived cosmic phenomena which those being built into the next generation of completed in 2015. are missed by radio telescopes that video game consoles. Credit: Nolan Denman; observe relatively small sections of CHIME will begin mapping the Dunlap Institute the sky or make short observations. Universe in 2016.

02. Graduate student Nolan Denman working on a CHIME correlator node. COLLECTING AREA OF CHIME = 5 NHL HOCKEY RINKS Together, 256 nodes combine to form the correlator which processes CHIME’s data. 02

4 DUNLAP INSTITUTE SOUTH POLE TELESCOPE – 3G for ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Antarctic Cosmology Technology

01 ne of the harshest, most unforgiving environments on signal from when the Universe was less than a second old. Othe planet is also one of the best locations from which The signal—referred to as primordial or gravitational-wave to study the early Universe. B-modes—would be evidence that the Universe experienced In Antarctica, the Sun is below the horizon for half the year; a period of accelerated expansion known as inﬂation. winter temperatures routinely plunge to minus 70°C; and the Prof. Keith Vanderlinde and Dunlap Fellow Tyler continent is cut off from the rest of the world for eight months. Natoli have both investigated the early Universe from But the severe conditions are also why it is such a mecca the South Pole, working on and making observations for astronomers. The extremely cold atmosphere holds very with the SPT. little water vapour, a gas that blocks radio waves from space. At the Dunlap Institute, they—along with graduate Plus, the South Pole is located on a 2800-metre-high plateau, student Matthew Young (pg. 17)—are working on SPT-3G,

01. Close-up of the SPT-3G so the atmosphere is alpine thin. the third-generation camera for the Antarctic telescope. detector array containing Since 2007, astronomers have been observing the Improvements to the instrument’s detectors will increase 1600 detectors and 530 Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)—light from the its sensitivity by an order of magnitude and enable ultra- antennas. Universe when it was only 380,000 years old—with the sensitive studies of the polarization of the microwave sky. Credit: Reidar Hahn South Pole Telescope (SPT) at the U.S. National Science In late 2017, Natoli will return to the South Pole to Foundation’s Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station. help install the new camera on the SPT. It will mark the 02. Tyler Natoli preparing the SPT-3G detector assembly They use those observations to study large-scale structure next chapter in observing the beginning of time from for testing. The ﬁnal 3G in the cosmos. They are also sifting through the CMB for a the bottom of the world. camera will include ten assemblies. 5 DUNLAP INSTITUTE BALLOON-BORNE ASTRONOMY for ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Stratospheric Astronomy Technology

01 02

or decades, astronomers have astronomers can map the distribution SuperBIT is the latest stratospheric Flaunched telescopes into Earth of dark matter in the clusters, thereby observatory to be designed, fabricated, orbit, high above the atmosphere that rendering the invisible visible. tested and launched by an international obscures the objects they are trying to It is a remarkable technical challenge collaboration that includes the Balloon observe. But for a fraction of the cost, to accurately point a telescope, hanging Astrophysics Group at the University telescopes can be carried above most from a balloon, at a cluster of galaxies of Toronto. The group is run by Dunlap of the atmosphere aboard high-altitude millions of light-years away for up to Associate Prof. Barth Netterﬁeld of balloons for a view of the cosmos that 30 minutes; it is comparable to steadily the Department of Astronomy &

01. SuperBIT prior to a test ﬂight rivals the view from orbit. training a telescope on a dime — Astrophysics, U of T, and includes in September 2015. The SuperBIT, the Super-pressure 100 kilometres away. graduate students and technicians frame carries the telescope — Balloon-borne Imaging Telescope, SuperBIT achieves this extraordinary from U of T and other institutions. the octagonal-shaped tube — along with tracking cameras, is an optical and near-ultra-violet stability through a combination of (Collaborations pg. 24). gyroscopes, a reaction-wheel telescope with a half-metre diameter technologies. The telescope and the two In September 2015, the telescope and electronics. mirror, designed to be lifted by balloon “cradles” holding it are controlled by was launched from the Timmins

Credit: Steven Li; Balloon toan altitude of 39 kilometres. motors that work independently along Stratospheric Balloon Base in Astrophysics Group, From that height, the stratospheric three different axes. Three tracking northern Ontario for a successful University of Toronto observatory will target hundreds cameras lock onto stars, telling the 8-hour test ﬂight. Its last test will be

02. The Earth as seen from of clusters of galaxies. The gravity telescope the direction it’s pointed. a 24-hour ﬂight from Texas in 2016. SuperBIT from an altitude of a cluster of galaxies acts like a Gyroscopes ﬁne-tune SuperBIT’s motion. And if all goes according to plan, of nearly 40 kilometres. lens, distorting the appearance of Finally, a motor controls a small mirror SuperBIT will lift off from New

Credit: Balloon Astrophysics galaxies that lie beyond the cluster. in the telescope’s optical path that Zealand in 2017, for a three-month Group, University of Toronto By analyzing the distortions, further steadies the view. mission to the edge of space.

6 DUNLAP INSTITUTE DUNLAP PROFILES for ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Etsuko Mieda was the Dunlap Institute’s ﬁrst graduated PhD. She is currently working as a Dr. Etsuko Mieda Dunlap postdoctoral researcher at NRC-Herzberg Astronomy & Astrophysics in Victoria, B.C.

HOW DID YOU FIRST what we see. As telescopes for them in the image of our BECOME INTERESTED get bigger and bigger, like the real target. The problem is IN ASTRONOMY? Thirty Meter Telescope, the that the sodium layer changes Back when I was in high development of AO systems and this produces “wrong” school in Sakai City in Japan, becomes more important and measurements in the wave- I started watching a TV show more complicated, and I would front sensor. The new TWFS about the Universe on NHK. love to develop AO systems will monitor the sodium layer And the most shocking fact that help achieve a large and correct for these changes. in the show was that all the telescope’s full potential. heavy elements in me, my WHAT’S THE MOST desk, a car, in a forest, were WHAT ARE YOU WORKING REWARDING ASPECT OF all produced in stars! This ON RIGHT NOW? YOUR WORK? made me think that regardless I am working on an A great thing about working of what I do for a living, instrument called the Truth on instrumentation in a lab everything I will be dealing Wave-Front Sensor (TWFS) is that I can do the whole with is ultimately a star which uses a new technique process: design the optics, product. So, I thought I should to improve on the AO order components, align study the “original” and I technique being used on components, analyze the data. decided to study astronomy. telescopes today. To correct Nowadays, many astronomers distortions produced by don’t even go to telescopes WHAT ARE YOUR KEY turbulence in the atmosphere, to observe. They submit Mieda aligning optical components on the Herzberg SCIENTIFIC INTERESTS? we create an artificial “star” a proposal, someone else NFIRAOS Optical Simulator I am interested in building in the sky by shooting a laser programs the telescope to (HeNOS) bench at NRC- astronomical instruments, that excites the sodium atoms take data automatically, they Herzberg that simulates NFIRAOS, the first-light, particularly adaptive-optics in the atmosphere’s sodium download data from a server, adaptive-optics system for (AO) systems. AO systems are layer about 90 kilometres up. they do the analysis. When the Thirty Meter Telescope. crucial for almost all ground- AO systems use this artificial I go through every step of Credit: Dr. Matthias Rosen- based observations where the star to measure the distortions the way, I feel tremendous steiner; NRC-Herzberg Earth’s atmosphere degrades in the atmosphere and correct achievement.

7 DUNLAP INSTITUTE for ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Observational Research Accelerating Our Understanding of the Universe

01. The Murchison Wideﬁeld Array in Western Australia on the future site of the Square Kilometre Array (back cover).

Credit: Paul Bourke, Jonathan Knispel; WASP (UWA), iVEC, ICRAR, CSIRO

02. Gemini South telescope on 02 Cerro Pachón in Chile.

Credit: Gemini Observatory; AURA

8 DUNLAP INSTITUTE OBSERVATIONAL RESEARCH for ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Observing the Universe Observational Research at Different Wavelengths

Prof. Renée Hložek

t the Dunlap Institute, we observe a detailed picture of the distant Universe that Radio-wavelength observations allow us Athe cosmos across a wide range of will enable our search for transient objects which to ask questions about the large-scale structure wavelengths—from optical to radio— appear to us for only brief periods of time. of the Universe using neutral hydrogen gas. to investigate the full spectrum of questions But we can also probe structure formation Through our pioneering work on radio about the Universe. using infrared light. One of the research telescopes like CHIME (pg. 4), we endeavor At shorter, optical wavelengths, we look drivers at the Dunlap is to tackle problems in to image neutral hydrogen to unprecedented for faint galaxies and test theories of structure galaxy formation and evolution. Galaxies don’t distances—opening up a new window on formation. When looking for faint objects, exist in isolation and our research aims to the cosmos. sometimes the trick is to multiply your efforts understand how the gas in the halo of a cluster We can use the polarization of radio waves rather than build one large telescope; this is the interacts with the gas of its member galaxies, to probe the magnetic properties of galaxies, approach taken with Dragonﬂy—a telescope through novel instrumentation efforts like the clusters of galaxies, and the gas between array comprising multiple telephoto lenses with Wide-Field Infrared Spectrograph (WIFIS). galaxies themselves. An artist’s rendering innovative lens-coatings that greatly reduce Long-wavelength microwaves also give us Just like the optical sky, the radio sky is also of the Large Synoptic internally scattered light. insight into the young and distant Universe. changing, and characterizing the transient radio Survey Telescope being constructed on Cerro This year, we joined the Large Synoptic We study the nascent light of the cosmos from sky is yet another of our research challenges. Pachón in northern Chile. Survey Telescope (LSST) collaboration. the ground and from balloons at sites in the It is only by making observations of the sky Credit: Large Synoptic Survey The LSST will scan the sky at optical Atacama Desert in northern Chile and in the across a wide range of wavelengths that we can Telescope (LSST) wavelengths once every three days, building up Antarctic—a truly global effort. understand the cosmos in all her facets.

9 DUNLAP INSTITUTE GEMINI PLANET IMAGER for ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

First Discovery for a New Observational Research Planet Hunter

n August 2015, an international team of study their nature by spectroscopically system may have formed through a process Iastronomers announced the discovery analyzing their light. called core-accretion that can also lead of a new exoplanet, a planet outside our The newly discovered 51 Eri b is exactly to smaller, rocky planets like Earth. It’s a Solar System, called 51 Eri b. It was the first the type of planet GPI was designed to find. significant clue as we try to understand exoplanet to be discovered with the Gemini It orbits a relatively young, 20-million-year- how planetary systems form and how many Planet Imager, or GPI: an adaptive-optics, old star named 51 Eridani, at a distance may look like our own. imaging spectrograph on the Gemini South slightly farther than Saturn circles the Sun. The paper announcing the discovery Telescope in northern Chile. Of all the exoplanets discovered through was published in the journal Science, and its In the past two decades, thanks largely direct-imaging, 51 Eri b is the faintest and, co-authors included Dunlap Fellows Jeffrey to the Kepler space telescope, exoplanets at twice the mass of Jupiter, also the lowest Chilcote and Jérôme Maire, as well as U of T have been discovered at an unprecedented mass. What’s more, 51 Eri b is the coolest PhD-candidate Max Millar-Blanchaer—all

The star 51 Eridani is hidden pace. But Kepler finds planets indirectly; of the exoplanets discovered through direct of whom played a role in developing GPI. in the centre of the image; GPI, which saw first light in November imaging; its atmosphere is about 430°C— 51 Eri b promises to be just the first of 51 Eri b is shown as “b”. 2013, is one of only a few instruments much cooler than most other exoplanets. GPI’s finds as the GPI Exoplanet Survey Credit: J. Rameau (UdeM) that enables astronomers to actually see Combined with the age of the system, targets 600 stars over the next 3 years in its and C. Marois (NRC these distant worlds; as such, they can this is a clue that the distant planetary quest to see new worlds. Herzberg)

10 DUNLAP INSTITUTE WARM JUPITERS for ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

uring the past two decades, the ﬂood the 27 Warm Jupiters they studied have Warm Jupiters Dof detections of planets beyond the companion “super-Earth” planets in Solar System, so-called exoplanets, has relatively nearby orbits. Are Not Alone revealed planetary systems very unlike our It’s thought that these giants could not Observational own. In particular, hundreds of systems have formed so close to their parent stars Research harbour Jupiter-like worlds orbiting their because they couldn’t have accumulated parent stars much closer than Jupiter and large, gas-giant-like atmospheres; therefore, Saturn orbit the Sun. they must have formed in the outer Some have orbits a fraction of the regions of their systems and migrated diameter of Mercury’s; they are heated inward through a series of ever-shrinking to extremely high temperatures because orbits. However, in this scenario, they of their proximity to their parent star would have cleared any nearby planets and are known as Hot Jupiters. A rarer from their path as they spiralled inward. type have orbits comparable to Venus and Therefore, the presence of these Earth’s and are known as Warm Jupiters. companions “super-Earths” is strong Both intrigue astronomers who strive evidence that the Warm Jupiters formed in to understand whether they formed in situ. In fact, there is more analysis to come situ—where we see them—or formed and it’s possible the number of Warm much further out and migrated inward Jupiters with companions is even higher. to their current positions. In addition to the insight into Warm Following four years of analysis of Jupiters, the study also provided the most Kepler space telescope observations, conclusive evidence yet that Hot Jupiters, Dunlap/Centre-for-Planetary-Sciences distinct from their cooler cousins, lack Fellow Chelsea Huang and her U of T close companions and therefore, likely colleagues found that almost half of migrated to their current, ﬁery orbits.

Artist’s rendering of a Warm Jupiter and a companion planet in orbit around a star.

Credit: Detlev Van Ravenswaay; Science Photo Library

11 DUNLAP INSTITUTE FAST RADIO BURSTS for ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Another Piece in the Fast Radio Observational Research

Burst Puzzle n December 2015, an international The team’s analysis of FRB 110523 Iteam of astronomers announced the provided an important clue into the true discovery of a flash of radio energy from nature of the phenomena. It revealed that space known as a Fast Radio Burst or the orientation of the FRB’s radio waves FRB. At the time, 16 FRBs had been had been “twisted” somewhere along discovered, but this one—designated their path to us—a phenomenon known FRB 110523—was unique. as Faraday rotation—indicating that the FRBs last only a few thousandths of signal had passed through a powerful a second but contain the energy the Sun magnetic field on its way to Earth. puts out in a few months. They were The analysis also provided evidence first detected by astronomers using the that the signal originated as far as six Parkes radio telescope in Australia and billion light-years away and that the astronomers think that thousands might burst passed through two distinct clouds be flashing in our sky every day. of gas on its journey to us. This suggests Both their distance and true that the enigmatic source may be a nature remain mysteries. Astronomers supernova, or may have occurred in the hypothesize that they come from the interior of a star-forming nebula. It also birth of black holes, mergers of neutron makes it much less likely that FRBs are stars, or flares from magnetars—stars with at cosmological distances. powerful magnetic fields. Fast Radio Bursts continue to The December announcement was make astronomical headlines and, made by a team that included Dunlap using instruments like CHIME (pg. 4), Associate Prof. Ue-Li Pen, from the astronomers from the Dunlap Institute Canadian Institute for Theoretical and U of T will continue to search for Astrophysics at the U of T pieces to the FRB puzzle.

Artist impression of a Fast Radio Burst (FRB) reaching Earth.

Credit: Jingchuan Yu, Beijing Planetarium

12 DUNLAP INSTITUTE DUNLAP PROFILES for ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Prof. Renée Hložek

Prof. Renée Hložek is a Dunlap faculty member. She studied at the University of Pretoria and the University of Cape Town. She received her DPhil in Astrophysics from the University of Oxford in 2011, where she was a Rhodes Scholar.

HOW DID YOU FIRST BECOME how they translate into what WHAT OTHER ISSUES IN INTERESTED IN ASTRONOMY? we see today. I’m particularly SCIENCE/ASTRONOMY ARE YOU I was originally drawn to physics interested in how we map our PARTICULAR INTERESTED IN? and mathematics more than theories of dark matter and dark I’m really passionate about getting astronomy. I loved watching energy onto our observations. more people into science that have the show MacGuyer because he How do we decide between been less represented in the past. solved problems in interesting competing models of the We are now slowly bringing more ways and tried to understand the Universe? How do we get the women into STEM subjects (we root causes of things. Plus, when most out of our observations? still have a long way to go!) and the I was young, my mom joked that conversations are changing, which I could do anything I wanted in HOW ARE YOU GOING is fantastic. But we still haven’t life—I could even become an ABOUT ANSWERING THOSE made enough progress in changing astrophysicist. I think she picked a QUESTIONS? the racial profile of my field. I come job that seemed so extreme just to II work in a number of collab- from South Africa where we are inspire creativity. But it made me orations. One of them, the still only slowly recovering from think about myself as boundless Atacama Cosmology Telescope, a racialized education system, and and capable of anything! in the Atacama Desert, measures so these are issues that are really microwaves. I have also just close to my heart. I think we need WHAT ARE YOUR KEY joined the Large Synoptic Survey to make more effort to change SCIENTIFIC INTERESTS? Telescope (LSST) which will the faces of our institutions and Hložek is a senior TED II’m interested in cosmology. measure Type Ia supernovae, I can’t wait for the day when my Fellow and gave a TEDTalk in Specifically I want to know what which can be used as “standard colleagues are diverse in terms of Long Beach, CA, in 2013. the initial conditions, or starting candles” for measuring distances race, gender, sexual identity, socio- Credit: Ryan Lash points, of the Universe are and in the Universe. economic status and physical ability.

13 DUNLAP INSTITUTE for ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Training Accelerating the Next Generation of Scientists

01. Some of the 38 students from 14 countries who attended the 2015 Introduction 02 to Astronomical Instrumentation Summer School.

02. A student assembles an interferometer during a summer school lab.

14 DUNLAP INSTITUTE TRAINING THE NEXT GENERATION for ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Training the Next Training Generation of Scientists

Prof. Suresh Sivanandam

raining is one of the chief mandates of the There are very few programs like it in the world. well-rounded toolset that will make them TDunlap Institute. Situated within one of The Dunlap also continues to invest in the compelling candidates for long-term careers the largest postsecondary educational institutions Professional Development Program (PDP) of within astronomy and related fields. In response in Canada, we provide world-class, hands-on the Institute for Science and Engineer Educators to this need, we are developing a program that educational experiences for undergraduate and (ISEE). We continue our commitment to the will provide this important additional training. graduate students, as well as postdoctoral fellows. Summer Undergraduate Research Program We are also running a pilot program in It is at the heart of our institution. (SURP) and, of course, the Dunlap Fellowship 2016 that provides a select number of Canadian The training resources provided by the Program—from which I have personally students with hands-on experience at world- Dunlap are unique within the Canadian benefited greatly. class astronomical facilities. As participants in the astronomical community and have benefited Looking to the future, we are expanding Dunlap Mauna Kea School, students will visit hundreds of students and dozens of postdoctoral our training program to include key areas that some of the largest astronomical observatories fellows in a short, five-year period. are traditionally not addressed in the academic in the world at Mauna Kea, Hawaii, including A key example is the Dunlap’s Introduction environment. Gemini, the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope to Astronomical Instrumentation Summer For example, while graduate students and and Keck. There, they will carry out a scientific Canada-France-Hawaii School, which has garnered world-wide acclaim postdocs have outstanding research experiences, program and, more importantly, get a glimpse Telescope and routinely draws a significant fraction of its they are often not trained in career development; of a future career as a member of the next Credit: Vadim Kurland applicants from outside North America. they are often not supported in developing the generation of astronomers.

15 DUNLAP INSTITUTE HIRAX IN SOUTH AFRICA for ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Training the 02 Next Generation Training of Astronomers

01 he Dunlap Institute is dedicated Dunlap Fellow Laura Newburgh and Tto providing world-class training, Prof. Keith Vanderlinde on HIRAX, mentoring, research opportunities, the Hydrogen Intensity and Real-time and career experience to undergraduate Analysis eXperiment. When completed, and graduate students in the astronomy HIRAX will comprise an array of 1024 program offered by the Department of radio dishes in the Karoo Desert in South Astronomy & Astrophysics. Africa. It is the southern counterpart There are many opportunities for to CHIME (pg. 4) and will probe dark training and experience, including energy and the accelerating Universe by the Dunlap’s annual Introduction to mapping hydrogen gas in the early cosmos. 01. Graduate student Deborah Astronomical Instrumentation Summer In April 2016, Lokhorst travelled to Lokhorst in the lab at the School, U of T astronomy’s Summer South Africa to help build prototype University of KwaZulu- Undergraduate Research Program, dishes for HIRAX. Over the course Natal in Durban, South Africa. the Mauna Kea School (which will of her trip, she met and worked with provide students with an opportunity collaborators at the University of Credit: Dr. Laura to gather data while at the Gemini- KwaZulu-Natal in Durban, the Durban Newburgh: Dunlap Institute

North Observatory in Hawaii), career University of Technology, as well as 02. Three HIRAX prototype mentoring workshops, and more. the Hartebeesthoek Radio Astronomy radio dishes at the Of course, training and career Observatory (HartRAO). Hartebeesthoek Radio Astronomy Observatory. experience also comes from the The work, the collaboration with In the background is postdoctoral fellows and professors colleagues around the world—even the the HartRAO 26m radio supervising students’ research projects. opportunities to explore a new country— telescope.

In 2015, ﬁrst-year graduate student provided Lokhorst with a glimpse at a Credit: Deborah Lokhorst; Deborah Lokhorst began working with future in astronomy. Dunlap Institute 16 DUNLAP INSTITUTE DUNLAP PROFILES for ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Matthew Young is a ﬁrst-year astronomy graduate student. He is from Perth and did his Matthew Young undergraduate degrees at the University of Western Australia.

HOW DID YOU FIRST right after the Big Bang, as U of T. I had set that goal about BECOME INTERESTED well as its influence on that two years before applying, so IN ASTRONOMY? primordial plasma. it was very exciting to see that I’ve been interested in dream come true. I also have astronomy for as long as I can HOW ARE YOU GOING a background in Mechatronic remember. One of my earliest ABOUT ANSWERING THOSE Engineering, so having the memories is having a NASA QUESTIONS? Dunlap in Toronto provided space shuttle as my favourite Most recently, I’ve been testing the perfect opportunity to work toy. I was really lucky growing the third-generation camera on both instrumentation and up in Western Australia for the South Pole Telescope cosmology. where the night sky can be (pg. 5). This camera will allow breathtaking. I remember the telescope to extract precise WHAT INSPIRES YOU? spending countless nights as polarization information The thing that inspires me a kid lying on a trampoline from the Cosmic Microwave most is the question: Why? and just staring at all the stars. Background, which will help Why do things work the advance a number of fields, way they do? Why are things WHAT ARE YOUR KEY including large-scale structure the way they are? I’ve always SCIENTIFIC INTERESTS? formation, particle physics and been deeply curious about My main interests are in cosmic inflation. the way things work, and cosmology and the very it’s helped me to always ask The Cosmic Microwave early Universe. Its incredible WHAT’S BEEN THE MOST questions and to not just take Background (CMB) is light to think of the Universe EXCITING OR REWARDING things at face value. I consider from the Universe 380,000 as one single entity where MOMENT OR ASPECT OF myself incredibly lucky to be years after the Big Bang. Different colours indicate everything interacts in so YOUR CAREER? where I am today, being able the uneven distribution of many different ways. I’d love The most exciting moment to ask questions about how matter which led to the to be able to answer some of my career so far was being the Universe works—on the formation of clusters and superclusters of galaxies. of the remaining questions accepted into the graduate largest physical scales, all the about the inflationary era astronomy program here at way down to the quantum. Credit: ESA; Planck Collaboration 17 DUNLAP INSTITUTE for ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Public Outreach Accelerating Public Engagement in Astronomy

01. Thousands crowded into King’s College Circle to see the eclipse.

Credit: Lorne Bridgman

02. Students waiting to see the September 2015

Supermoon total lunar 02 eclipse.

18 DUNLAP INSTITUTE PUBLIC OUTREACH for ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

A Year of Engaging Public Outreach the Public

Prof. Michael Reid

his year has been a very strong year for outreach do groundbreaking science, but who are also skilled Tat the Dunlap Institute, with big events, big in communicating that science to the public. partnerships and big impact. This year, we inaugurated a new Outreach Support Last summer, we were joined by our new events Scientist (OSS) program, a paid position in which young coordinator Zoë Jaremus. Right away, Zoë helped astronomers learn about outreach and help develop new organize our biggest public outreach event ever. programming. Our ﬁrst OSS, Alysa Obertas, is developing Our celebration of the September 2015 “supermoon” new content for the U of T planetarium—which saw a total lunar eclipse (pg. 20). For the event, we invested in doubling in business this year—and we look forward to a ﬂeet of new telescopes, which will be used to offer expanding the OSS program in the coming years. more large-scale, public sky-viewing events in the future. In the coming year, we will also be building on One of our long-term goals is to help teachers our recent successes. Astronomy on Tap T.O. is a night deliver astronomy curriculum to their students, of astronomy talks, games, prizes and conversation with most of whom lack the expertise to comfortably U of T astronomers and in the fall of 2016, we will be PLANETARIUM SHOW teach astronomy. This year, Dunlap became the major having a special scaled-up version of “Tap” at a larger ATTENDANCE sponsor of Discover the Universe/À la découverte venue and with special guest speakers. Plus, in August General public: 3601 de l’univers, an online teacher-training service. (pg. 22) of 2017, we’ll welcome the public to view a solar Golden Age of Astronomy (pg. 21): 936 Dunlap is committed to training the next eclipse with us. AstroTours: 816 generation of astronomers. And we want to train a Crowds hoping the There are lots more programs and events in Science Rendezvous: 40 skies will clear. unique breed of astronomer: ones who can not only development. It’s shaping up to be another big year! Undergraduate courses: 1700 Credit: © Lorne Bridgman

19 DUNLAP INSTITUTE SUPERMOON TOTAL LUNAR ECLIPSE 01 for ASTRONOMY & VIEWING PARTY ASTROPHYSICS

A Super Party for a Supermoon Public Outreach

orontonians demonstrated their fascination with the We were fortunate to reach so many people through the Tnight sky when thousands packed U of T’s King’s College Transit of Venus at Varsity Stadium event in 2012, and this was Circle for the Dunlap Institute’s Supermoon Total Lunar another great opportunity.” Eclipse Viewing Party on September 27th, 2015. As with most public outreach organized by the Dunlap, The eclipse they came to see was special in many ways. the eclipse viewing party was the result of a partnership with It was the last total lunar eclipse visible from Toronto until 2019. other U of T units, including the Department of Astronomy & The eclipsed moon was at the closest point to the Earth in its Astrophysics and U of T Science & Engineering Engagement.

01. Sam Haque was one of orbit—often referred to as a “supermoon.” What’s more, the But no amount of planning can predict the weather and the winners in the Dunlap’s celestial event coincided with the Chinese Mid-Autumn Festival. unfortunately, clouds hid the moon for almost the entire night. total lunar eclipse photo The crowd in King’s College Circle was estimated at Nonetheless, the crowd enjoyed the warm weather and the contest. nearly ten thousand, which was still only a fraction of the picnic-like atmosphere. Many brought their own telescopes, Credit: Sam Haque nearly 20 thousand who expressed interest in attending on binoculars and cameras, and queried the U of T astronomers

02. Astronomy graduate the event’s Facebook page. in attendance. They brought blankets, board games, snacks and student Siqi Liu helps “It’s very exciting to know that so many people are Mid-Autumn Festival moon cakes. a member of the public interested in astronomy,” said Michael Reid, the Dunlap’s It was only after midnight that the clouds parted brieﬂy, navigate the virtual Universe using the World public outreach coordinator. “We’ve been building toward giving the most dedicated a short glimpse of the moon as it Wide Telescope. bigger and bigger events over the past few years. made its way out of the Earth’s shadow.

20 DUNLAP INSTITUTE PLANETARIUM SHOWS IN for ASTRONOMY & AID OF SYRIAN REFUGEES ASTROPHYSICS

United by the Public Outreach Stars

s the Syrian refugee crisis unfolded around the fellow and a staff member. It explored astronomical Aworld in 2015, U of T astronomy graduate students advances made during the Islamic Golden Age and felt compelled to ask how they could help. how those advances connect to today’s astronomical 01 “I couldn’t do only astronomy in the face of millions discoveries. of people being displaced from their homes, with no idea The shows, which were supported by the Dunlap where they’d end up or what their futures would be,” Institute and the Department of Astronomy and said graduate student Jielai Zhang. Astrophysics, were extremely popular. And through The students’ response to the global emergency ticket sales from 30 nearly sold-out performances— was to develop a special public planetarium show— as well as through public donations and the donated the proceeds from which they would donate to Red stipends normally paid to presenters—the students

01. Credit: Photo composite, Cross Canada to aid Syrian refugees here and living surpassed their goal and raised a total of $10,769. Charles Zhu; Astrolabe, in camps overseas. The fund-raising goal they set for Though the shows are no longer running, Musée national de la Marine themselves was an ambitious $10,000. the students’ efforts haven’t ended. They hope to present de Paris; Hubble Space Telescope, NASA The show, titled The Golden Age of Astronomy, The Golden Age of Astronomy to Syrian refugees who was developed with the help of graduate students have settled in Toronto in the spirit of welcoming them 02. The team behind The expert in Middle Eastern and Islamic history, and was to their new home and inspired by the idea that all the Golden Age of Astronomy presented by the students, an astronomy postdoctoral people of the world are united by the stars.

21 DUNLAP INSTITUTE DISCOVER THE UNIVERSE for ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Helping Students Discover Public Outreach the Universe

n 2016, the Dunlap Institute took a signiﬁcant to Solar System objects, to more advanced Istep forward in fulﬁlling its mandate of helping topics like gravitational waves. teachers teach astronomy. The institute began Julie Bolduc-Duval has been the coordinator a partnership with Discover the Universe/À la for Discover the Universe since its launch and découverte de l’univers which had already been has taught physics and astronomy in various providing training and resources to Canadian settings across the country for over 15 years. educators teaching astronomy since it was In partnership with the Dunlap, she will be launched in 2011. developing teaching modules—helping the Originally a legacy program of the institute help students discover the wonders International Year of Astronomy, Discover of the Universe. the Universe has provided educators with In the coming year, the program will be astronomy workshops and webinars, as well scaled up with more scientists training teachers as teaching modules and activities. in topics ranging from moon phases to the Workshops are based on the school Big Bang. And 2017 will see the launch new curriculum and include classroom activities, bilingual teaching modules matched to the teaching resources and tips on how to teach pan-Canadian astronomy curriculum. astronomy in a fun and innovative way. “Targeting teachers rather than students They are typically three-week programs which has a great multiplicative effect,” says Dunlap include a weekly webinar. director, Prof. Bryan Gaensler, “and we hope Julie Bolduc-Duval delivering Other webinars help educators at different this initiative can break down the sense of fear a webinar to teachers across levels understand and teach a variety of topics both teachers and students often feel when the country. in astronomy—from the Sun and eclipses, they encounter advanced science topics.” Credit: Julie Bolduc-Duval

22 DUNLAP INSTITUTE DUNLAP PROFILES for ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Dr. John Antoniadis is a Dunlap Fellow. Dr. John Antoniadis He received his PhD from the Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy.

WHAT ARE YOUR For my research, I like to choose a topic related to KEY RESEARCH construct theoretical stellar supernovae simulations. I find INTERESTS? models, and make observations it fascinating that we can now My main interests are neutron of peculiar objects that don’t use computers to approximate stars and compact objects fit in the standard picture. It is such complex phenomena in —their structure, evolution often the case that these outliers detail. Then, had I not been an and fundamental properties. help to push the field forward! astronomer, I think I would Neutron stars can be thought have liked to study human of as giant atomic nuclei WHAT’S BEEN THE evolution. about 20km in diameter that MOST EXCITING MOMENT outweigh the entire Solar IN YOUR CAREER? WHAT INSPIRES YOU? System. Some of the most I had my first “eureka moment” As an astronomer, inspiration extreme neutron stars we know in grad school, while I was is not hard to find. Personally, of spin as fast as 700 times per observing with the Very Large I am fascinated by the big second and harbour magnetic Telescope in Chile. When I open questions in physics, like fields a trillion times stronger checked the data at the end the behaviour of matter in than the Earth’s. Observations of of the run, I realized I had the most extreme conditions, neutron stars can be used to test discovered the most massive and the properties of the four some of the most fundamental neutron star known to date. fundamental forces. But, I also questions in modern physics— This object generated a lot of find inspiration in the everyday. Antoniadis’s 2013 research showed that the orbital from the properties of discussion afterwards, but for a This may sound surprising, period of a white dwarf gravitational waves, to the few hours, I was the only one since most of the time, all I do star (l.) around the neutron production of heavy elements, who knew about it! is stare at a computer screen. star PSR J0348+0432 (r.) was decaying exactly which are essential for life. But sometimes even small as predicted for a system WHAT OTHER SCIENTIFIC things—like finding a bug losing energy by radiating HOW ARE YOU GO ABOUT PATHS INTEREST YOU? in a program, or wrapping gravitational waves. ANSWERING QUESTIONS If I were to go to graduate up a calculation—can be Credit: ESO/L. Calçada ABOUT THESE OBJECTS? school again, I think I would extremely gratifying.

23 DUNLAP INSTITUTE COLLABORATIONS for ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS Instituition Yale U Yale Harvard U Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory, NRC McGill U UBC Arizona State U Curtin U of Technology Massachusetts Institute / Haystack of Technology Observatory Massachusetts Institute of / Kavli Institute Technology MIT U Sydney U Washington U Wisconsin / Milwaukee Victoria U Wellington Cornell University U Alberta U Manitoba U Minnesota US National Radio Astronomy Observatory American Museum of Natural History Arizona State U Gemini Observatory Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics Jet Propulsion Laboratory Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory NASA Ames SETI Institute Stanford Science Space Telescope Institute U California, Berkeley U California, Los Angeles U California, Santa Cruz U Georgia U de Montréal Apache Point Observatory Instituto de Astrofısica Canarias Liverpool John Moores U Ohio State U New Mexico State U Christian U Texas U of Virginia NRC Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics (NRC-HIA) U Arizona Array GPI LEGEND MWA VLASS CHIME Sky Survey APOGEE IRPWFS Dragonfly Very Large Array Very U of T Siqi Liu InfraRed Pyramid WaveFront Sensor WaveFront Murchison Widefield Mapping Experiment Gemini Planet Imager Astronomer Jielai Zhang Liam Connor Apache Point Observatory Prof. Jo Bovy Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Canada; CITA) Canada; CITA) Nolan Denman Prof. Ue-Li Pen Galactic Evolution Experiment Dr. Jérôme Maire Dr. Dr. Shaojie Chen Dr. Dr. Jeffrey Chilcote Dr. Dr. Tessa Vernstrom Vernstrom Tessa Dr. Dr. Laura Newburgh Dr. Prof. Bryan Gaensler Prof. Bryan Gaensler Prof. Bryan Gaensler Max Millar-Blanchaer Max Millar-Blanchaer Ian Tretyakov (Physics) Ian Tretyakov Prof. Keith Vanderlinde Prof. Keith Vanderlinde Prof. Roberto Abraham Andre Recnik (Dunlap) Philippe Berger (Physics) Prof. Richard Bond (CITA) Prof. Richard Bond (CITA) Prof. Suresh Sivanandam Dr. Niels Oppermann (CITA) Niels Oppermann (CITA) Dr. Dr. Peter Klages (Dunlap; IBM Dr. Cardiff U Carnegie Mellon U CITA Columbia U Cornell U Florida State Haverford College INAOE Johns Hopkins U Kwazulu-Natal U NASA/GSFC NIST Oxford Pontifica Universidad Princeton U Rutgers U Stanford U Stony Brook U UC Berkeley UBC U of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign U. Michigan U Penn U Pittsburgh Chester U West Australian National University CSIRO Dominion Radio Astrophysical NRC Observatory, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica U Calgary U Cape Town U Manchester U Minnesota U Sydney Durham U Jet Propulsion Laboratory Princeton U Green Bank Telescope Green Bank Telescope Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics NRC-Herzberg U Alberta U Arizona U Massachusetts, Amherst U Victoria U Yale UC Berkeley UC Observatories UC San Diego Starman Systems SETI Institute GAS LSST Telescope Telescope ACTPol Green Bank Survey of the POSSUM SuperBIT NIROSETI Polarization Sky Ammonia Survey Imaging Telescope Imaging Telescope Atacama Cosmology Telescope (Canada) Telescope Universe’s Magnetism Magnetism Universe’s Large Synoptic Survey

Lawrence Berkeley National Lab National Optical Astronomy Observatory Algonquin Radio Observatory (ARO) Max-Plank Institut fur Radioastronomie (MPIfR) Curtin U Korean Astronomy & Space Science Institute - KASI U Arizona U Florida NASA Goddard Space Flight Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan Princeton U Subaru Telescope U Tokyo COLLABORATIONS NASA/Goddard U of Maryland Argonne National Lab Reserve U Case-Western Fermilab McGill U Stanford U U California, Berkeley U Chicago U Colorado, Boulder U Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Caltech Optical Observatories Dominion Astrophysical National Observatory, Research Council Canada Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, National Research Council Canada Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics and Chinese Academy Technology, of Sciences National Astronomical Observatory of Japan Thirty Meter Telescope Observatory Corporation U California, Los Angeles U California Observatories, CfAO, University of California WIFIS DECaLS CHARIS Spectrograph Legacy Survey ARO VLBI Siqi Liu IRIS Dark Energy Camera South Pole Generation SPT-3G Elliot Meyer Robert Main Spectrograph Spectrograph Telescope-3rd Telescope-3rd Micro-Shutter Dana Simard Wide Integral Field Infrared Integral Field Spectrograph MSAMOS Algonquin Radio Observatory InfraRed Imaging

Prof. Ue-Li Pen Dr. Dustin Lang Dr. Array Multi-Object & Very-Large Baseline Interferometer Very-Large Dr. Jeffrey Chilcote Dr. Elliot Meyer Prof. Dae-Sik Moon Coronagraphic High Angular Resolution Dr. Tyler Natoli Tyler Dr. Daniel Baker (Physics) Matthew Young Matthew Young Prof. Keith Vanderlinde Prof. Keith Vanderlinde Dr. Shaojie Chen Dr. Dr. Shaojie Chen Dr. Dr. Jérôme Maire Dr. Prof. Suresh Sivanandam Prof. Shelley Wright Prof. Dae-Sik Moon ASTRONOMY

Prof. Keith Vanderlinde Prof. Keith Vanderlinde Prof. Raymond Carlberg (DAA) DUNLAP INSTITUTE for ASTROPHYSICS Collaborations Prof. Marten Van Kerkwijk (DAA) Prof. Marten Van 24 Prof. Suresh Sivanandam Dr. I-Sheng Yang (Perimeter/CITA) (Perimeter/CITA) I-Sheng Yang Dr. Instituition Yale U Yale Harvard U Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory, NRC McGill U UBC Arizona State U Curtin U of Technology Massachusetts Institute / Haystack of Technology Observatory Massachusetts Institute of / Kavli Institute Technology MIT U Sydney U Washington U Wisconsin / Milwaukee Victoria U Wellington Cornell University U Alberta U Manitoba U Minnesota US National Radio Astronomy Observatory American Museum of Natural History Arizona State U Gemini Observatory Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics Jet Propulsion Laboratory Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory NASA Ames SETI Institute Stanford Science Space Telescope Institute U California, Berkeley U California, Los Angeles U California, Santa Cruz U Georgia U de Montréal Apache Point Observatory Instituto de Astrofısica Canarias Liverpool John Moores U Ohio State U New Mexico State U Christian U Texas U of Virginia NRC Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics (NRC-HIA) U Arizona Array GPI LEGEND MWA VLASS CHIME Sky Survey APOGEE IRPWFS Dragonfly Very Large Array Very U of T Siqi Liu InfraRed Pyramid WaveFront Sensor WaveFront Murchison Widefield Mapping Experiment Gemini Planet Imager Astronomer Jielai Zhang Liam Connor Apache Point Observatory Prof. Jo Bovy Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Canada; CITA) Canada; CITA) Nolan Denman Prof. Ue-Li Pen Galactic Evolution Experiment Dr. Jérôme Maire Dr. Dr. Shaojie Chen Dr. Dr. Jeffrey Chilcote Dr. Dr. Tessa Vernstrom Vernstrom Tessa Dr. Dr. Laura Newburgh Dr. Prof. Bryan Gaensler Prof. Bryan Gaensler Prof. Bryan Gaensler Max Millar-Blanchaer Max Millar-Blanchaer Ian Tretyakov (Physics) Ian Tretyakov Prof. Keith Vanderlinde Prof. Keith Vanderlinde Prof. Roberto Abraham Andre Recnik (Dunlap) Philippe Berger (Physics) Prof. Richard Bond (CITA) Prof. Richard Bond (CITA) Prof. Suresh Sivanandam Dr. Niels Oppermann (CITA) Niels Oppermann (CITA) Dr. Dr. Peter Klages (Dunlap; IBM Dr. Cardiff U Carnegie Mellon U CITA Columbia U Cornell U Florida State Haverford College INAOE Johns Hopkins U Kwazulu-Natal U NASA/GSFC NIST Oxford Pontifica Universidad Princeton U Rutgers U Stanford U Stony Brook U UC Berkeley UBC U of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign U. Michigan U Penn U Pittsburgh Chester U West Australian National University CSIRO Dominion Radio Astrophysical NRC Observatory, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica U Calgary U Cape Town U Manchester U Minnesota U Sydney Durham U Jet Propulsion Laboratory Princeton U Green Bank Telescope Green Bank Telescope Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics NRC-Herzberg U Alberta U Arizona U Massachusetts, Amherst U Victoria U Yale UC Berkeley UC Observatories UC San Diego Starman Systems SETI Institute GAS LSST Telescope Telescope ACTPol Green Bank Survey of the POSSUM SuperBIT NIROSETI Polarization Sky Ammonia Survey Imaging Telescope Imaging Telescope Atacama Cosmology Telescope (Canada) Telescope Universe’s Magnetism Magnetism Universe’s Large Synoptic Survey

Ivan Padilla Faculty, postdoctoral fellows and graduate students from the Dunlap Institute, Department of Faculty, Astronomy & Astrophysics (DAA) and Canadian Institute for Theoretical (CITA) are members of research and instrumentation collaborations that include astronomers from institutions around the world. – 2015 - 2016 Leeav Lipton Extraterrestrial Intelligence Prof. Jo Bovy Super-pressure Balloon-borne Super-pressure Near InfraRed Optical Search for Dr. Jérôme Maire Dr. Steven Li (A. Eng) Dr. Rachel Friesen Dr. Prof. Renée Hlo ž ek Prof. Renée Hlo ž ek Dr. Laura Newburgh Dr. Prof. Dae-Sik Moon Prof. Shelley Wright Prof. Bryan Gaensler Prof. Barth Netterﬁeld John Hartley (Physics) Prof. Peter Martin (CITA) Prof. Peter Martin (CITA) Prof. Chris Matzner (DAA) Javier Romualdez (A. Eng) Mathew Galloway (Physics) Lawrence Berkeley National Lab National Optical Astronomy Observatory Algonquin Radio Observatory (ARO) Max-Plank Institut fur Radioastronomie (MPIfR) Curtin U Korean Astronomy & Space Science Institute - KASI U Arizona U Florida NASA Goddard Space Flight Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan Princeton U Subaru Telescope U Tokyo COLLABORATIONS NASA/Goddard U of Maryland Caltech Optical Observatories Dominion Astrophysical National Observatory, Research Council Canada Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, National Research Council Canada Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics and Chinese Academy Technology, of Sciences National Astronomical Observatory of Japan Thirty Meter Telescope Observatory Corporation U California, Los Angeles U California Observatories, CfAO, University of California Argonne National Lab Reserve U Case-Western Fermilab McGill U Stanford U U California, Berkeley U Chicago U Colorado, Boulder U Illinois at Urbana-Champaign WIFIS DECaLS CHARIS Spectrograph Legacy Survey ARO VLBI Siqi Liu IRIS Dark Energy Camera South Pole Generation SPT-3G Elliot Meyer Robert Main Spectrograph Spectrograph Telescope-3rd Telescope-3rd Micro-Shutter Dana Simard Wide Integral Field Infrared Integral Field Spectrograph MSAMOS Algonquin Radio Observatory InfraRed Imaging

2011 192 Accelerating 693 2010 2 1074 Growth 2015 CITATIONS 2014 2013 1630 2012 253,600 EXTERNAL 2011 78,600 INCOME (CAD) 1929

628,350 2,048,900

833,500 2016 2015 2015 2014 2014 2013 2013 2012 2012 2011 2011

PUBLISHED 2010 2010 2 12 8 PAPERS MEMBERS

25 2015

36 2014 37 2013 35 34 39 2012 40 PUBLIC 2011 14 63 8

TALKS 22 55 49 25 26

* All ﬁgures unofﬁcial

26 DUNLAP INSTITUTE DUNLAP MEMBERS 2015 for ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS 2014 2013 2012

2011 192 693 Dunlap Members 2010 2 1074 2015 CITATIONS 2015 - 2016 2014 2013 1630 2012 253,600 FACULTY POSTDOCTORAL FELLOWS GRADUATE STUDENTS EXTERNAL 2011 78,600 1929 Prof. Bryan Gaensler Dr. Shaojie Chen Liam Connor INCOME (CAD) Prof. Renée Hložek Dr. Peter Klages Nolan Thomas Denman 628,350 Prof. Michael Reid Dr. Etsuko Mieda Matthew Galloway 2,048,900 Prof. Suresh Sivanandam Dr. Tessa Vernstrom John Hartley Prof. Keith Vanderlinde Siqi Liu 833,500 Deborah Lokhorst 2016 RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Elliot Meyer 2015 ASSOCIATES Maxwell Millar-Blanchaer 2015 Dr. Dustin Lang Ivan Padilla 2014 2014 Prof. Roberto Abraham Javier Romualdez 2013 2013 Prof. Jo Bovy Dana Simard Prof. Dae-Sik Moon STAFF 2012 2012 Ian Tretyakov Prof. Barth Netterfield 2011 2011 Angela Choi, Department Manager * Heidi White Prof. Ue-Li Pen Alice Chow, Business Officer Matthew Young PUBLISHED 2010 2010 2 12 Prof. John Percy 8 Roberto Figueiredo, IT Technologist Jielai Zhang MEMBERS Dr. Niels Oppermann PAPERS Carol Gordon, Office Assistant Julie Bolduc-Duval, Zoë Jaremus, Events and Communications Officer 25 Discover the Universe 2015 Alysa Obertas, Outreach Support Scientist UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS Gautam Patel, Finance Officer * 36 2014 Ariel Amaral 37 Ondrej Recnik, CHIME Computing Specialist 2013 35 DUNLAP FELLOWS 34 Chris Sasaki, Communications Coordinator 39 2012 Dr. John Antoniadis Hugh Zhao, Computing Manager * 40 PUBLIC 2011 14 63 8 Dr. Jeffery Chilcote Dr. Nicolas Crouzet TALKS 22 55 49 Dr. Rachel Friesen 25 26 Dr. Chelsea Huang† Dr. Jérôme Maire Dr. Tyler Natoli * jointly with the Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, U of T Dr. Laura Newburgh † jointly with the Centre for Planetary Science, U of T

27 DUNLAP INSTITUTE AWARDS AND TALKS for ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Awards & Honours Jan 24, 2016, The Dishes, The Desert and The Dawn of the Universe, Royal Canadian Institute Jan 27, 2016, How The Cosmos Will Kill You, Brentwood Public Library

Feb 11, 2016, Scientists hours away from proving last piece of Einstein’s general theory Dr. John Antoniadis of relativity, ABC Radio John Charles Polanyi Prize in Physics, Council of Ontario Universities, 2016 Feb 12, 2016, What are Gravitational Waves, ABC News Radio

Feb 25, 2016, The World Records of the Universe, Astronomy and Space Exploration Society, U of T

Prof. Bryan Gaensler Mar 22, 2016, The World Records of the Universe, U of T Alumni Talk

Thomson Reuters Citation and Innovation Award;Canada Research Chair in Radio Astronomy; Apr 2016, Magnets, Aliens and Why Your Dog Poops in Circles, UofT Planet ArtSci Whitford Lecture

Outreach Talks & Prof. Michael Reid Ongoing radio appearances on astronomy, 102.1 The Edge

Media Appearances May 4, 2015, Energy and Aliens, Let’s Talk Science All Science Challenge

May 13, 2015, The Lifecycle of Stars, Don Mills Library Dr. Nicolas Crouzet June 13, 2015, Universe: A Cinematic Triumph, David Dunlap Observatory 80th Feb 10, 2016, The Hunt for Planets Beyond the Solar System, Royal Astronomical Society of anniversary celebration Canada (RASC) Toronto Centre Sept 28, 2015, Discovery of liquid water on Mars, CBC News Network

Sept 29, 2015, Discovery of liquid water on Mars, CBC Radio Ontario Morning

Prof. Bryan Gaensler Nov 15, 2015, Water on Mars, Astronomy on Tap T.O.

Ongoing radio appearance on astrophysics, ABC Sydney Dec 7, 2015, Misconceptions about the Big Bang, Cawthra Park Secondary School

May 22, 2015, How The Cosmos Will Kill You, Royal Astronomical Society of Canada Mississauga Dec 10, 2015, Supermoon Total Lunar Eclipse Viewing Party, U of T Bulletin

June 13, 2015, The Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics: Past, Present and Future, Feb 12, 2016, Life in the Cosmos, Rotherglen Academy David Dunlap Observatory 80th anniversary celebration Feb 16, 2016, The Sky Tonight, Gerrard-Ashdale Library Aug 2015, An Expat Life, Qantas Inﬂight Magazine Feb 24, 2016, Finding Our Place in the Cosmos, U for U Nov 3, 2015, Italy Inspires Canada, Department of Italian Studies, U of T Mar 23, 2016, Misconceptions about the Big Bang, Don Mills Library

28 DUNLAP INSTITUTE PEER REVIEWED for ASTRONOMY & PUBLICATIONS ASTROPHYSICS

Apr 18, 2016, Life in the Cosmos, Discover the Universe webinar Peer Reviewed Publications Apr 20, 2016, Life in the Cosmos, Richland

Apr 26, 2016, Life in the Cosmos, North York Central Library The 154 MHz radio sky observed by the Murchison Wideﬁeld Array: noise, confusion and ﬁrst source count analyses; Franzen, T.M.O.,… Gaensler, B. M., et al.; Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society; 04/2016

Prof. Suresh Sivanandam Providing Stringent Star Formation Rate Limits of z˜ 2 QSO Host Galaxies at High Angular Resolution; Vayner, Andrey, et al.; The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 821, Issue 1; 04/2016 May 21, 2015, Astronomy on Tap T.O. Erratum: “Broadband Radio Polarimetry and Faraday Rotation of 563 Extragalactic Radio Nov, 2015, Seeing Beyond Red with Cool Technology, Astronomy and Space Sources” (ApJ, 815, 1, 49); Anderson, C.S.; Gaensler, B. M., et al.; The Astrophysical Journal, Exploration Society Star Talk Volume 820, Issue 2; 04/2016 Apr, 2016, Star-gazing with Beavers and Cubs Point Source Polarimetry with the Gemini Planet Imager: Sensitivity Characterization with T5.5 Apr, 2016, Titanium Physicists Podcast Guest Dwarf Companion HD 19467 B; Jensen-Clem, Rebecca; Millar-Blanchaer, Max, et al.; The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 820, Issue 2; 04/2016

Radio Polarization Observations of the Snail: A Crushed Pulsar Wind Nebula in G327.1-1.1 with Prof. Keith Vanderlinde a Highly Ordered Magnetic Field; Ma, Y. K.,… Gaensler, B. M., et al.; The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 820, Issue 2; 04/2016 May 26, 2015, Toronto Public Libraries “Thought Exchange” Lecture, Cosmology, Cell Phones and Video Games, St. Lawrence Library, May 26, 2015 High-energy sources at low radio frequency: the Murchison Wideﬁeld Array view of Fermi blazars; Giroletti, M.,… Gaensler, B. M., et al.; Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 588; 04/2016 May 30, 2015, University of Toronto Spring Reunion 2015, Science at the South Pole, Toronto,. Dust emissivity in the star-forming ﬁlament OMC 2/3; Sadavoy, S. I.,… Friesen, R. K., et al.; Sept 22, 2015, Toronto Public Libraries “Thought Exchange” Lecture, Cosmology, Cell Phones Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 588; 04/2016 and Video Games, Agincourt Library Advanced ACTPol Cryogenic Detector Arrays and Readout; Henderson, S. W.,… Hložek, R.; Sept 24, 2015, The Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment, Astronomy and Space Newburgh, L., et al.; Journal of Low Temperature Physics, Online First; 03/2016 eXploration Society (ASX) Star Talk Contraction Signatures toward Dense Cores in the Perseus Molecular Cloud; Campbell, J. L.; Sept 26, 2015, Contact, Science Literacy Week Friesen, R. K., et al.; The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 819; 03/2016 Nov 18, 2015, Science at the South Pole, University Lecture Series, U of T Cool white dwarf companions to four millisecond pulsars; Bassa, C. G.; Antoniadis, J., et al.; Nov 18, 2015, A Long Winter’s Night, Astronomy on Tap T.O. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society; 02/2016

Feb 29, 2016, Science at the South Pole, Brentwood Library The PDS 66 Circumstellar Disk as Seen in Polarized Light with the Gemini Planet; Wolff, Schuyler G.,… Millar-Blanchaer, Maxwell A.; Chilcote, Jeffrey, et al.; The Astrophysical Journal Letters; 02/2016

29 DUNLAP INSTITUTE PEER REVIEWED for ASTRONOMY & PUBLICATIONS ASTROPHYSICS

The JCMT Gould Belt Survey: A First Look at Dense Cores in Orion B; Kirk, H.,… Discovery and spectroscopy of the young jovian planet 51 Eri b with the Gemini Planet Imager; Friesen, R., et al.; The Astrophysical Journal; 02/2016 Macintosh, B.,… Chilcote, J. K.; Maire, J.; Millar-Blanchaer, M. A., et al.; Science; 10/2015

WISE Photometry for 400 Million SDSS Sources; Lang, Dustin, et al.; The Astronomical Journal; Gemini Planet Imager Observations of the AU Microscopii Debris Disk: Asymmetries within One 02/2016 Arcsecond; Wang, Jason J.,… Millar-Blanchaer, Max; Maire, Jerome, et al.; The Astrophysical Journal Letters; 10/2015 Probing star formation in the dense environments of z ˜ 1 lensing haloes aligned with dusty star- forming galaxies detected with the South Pole Telescope; Welikala, N.,… Vanderlinde, K., et al.; The Q/U Imaging Experiment: Polarization Measurements of the Galactic Plane at 43 and 95 Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society; 01/2016 GHz; Ruud, T. M.,… Newburgh, L. B., et al.; The Astrophysical Journal; 10/2015

First Scattered-light Image of the Debris Disk around HD 131835 with the Gemini Planet Fabrication of large dual-polarized multichroic TES bolometer arrays for CMB measurements Imager; Hung, Li-Wei,… Maire, Jérôme; Millar-Blanchaer, Maxwell A.; Chilcote, Jeffrey K., et al.; with the SPT-3G camera; Posada, C. M.,… Natoli, T., et al.; Superconductor Science and The Astrophysical Journal Letters; 12/2015 Technology; 09/2015

Broadband Radio Polarimetry and Faraday Rotation of 563 Extragalactic Radio Sources; Faraday Tomography of the North Polar Spur: Constraints on the Distance to the Spur and Anderson, C. S.; Gaensler, B. M., et al.; The Astrophysical Journal; 12/2015 on the Magnetic Field of the Galaxy; Sun, X. H.,… Gaensler, B. M., et al.; The Astrophysical Journal; 09/2015 A Search for Fast Radio Bursts at Low Frequencies with Murchison Widefield Array High Time Resolution Imaging; Tingay, S. J.,… Gaensler, B. M., et al.; The Astronomical Journal; Beta Pictoris’ Inner Disk in Polarized Light and New Orbital Parameters for Beta Pictoris b; 12/2015 Millar-Blanchaer, Maxwell A.,…; Moon, Dae-Sik; Chilcote, Jeffrey; Maire, Jérôme, et al.; The Astrophysical Journal; 09/2015 Quantifying ionospheric effects on time-domain astrophysics with the Murchison Widefield Array; Loi, Shyeh Tjing,… Gaensler, B. M., et al.; Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical A Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background Gravitational Lensing Potential from 100 Society; 11/2015 Square Degrees of SPTpol Data; Story, K. T.,… Natoli, T.; Vanderlinde, K., et al.; The Astrophysical Journal; 09/2015 Astrometric Confirmation and Preliminary Orbital Parameters of the Young Exoplanet 51 Eridani b with the Gemini Planet Imager; De Rosa, Robert J.,… Chilcote, Jeffrey K.; Maire, Jérôme; Thermalizing a telescope in Antarctica - analysis of ASTEP observations; Guillot, T.,… Crouzet, Millar-Blanchaer, Maxwell A., et al.; The Astrophysical Journal Letters; 11/2015 N., et al.; Astronomische Nachrichten; 09/2015

Direct Imaging of an Asymmetric Debris Disk in the HD 106906 Planetary System; Kalas, Paul A compression scheme for radio data in high performance computing; Masui, K.,… Connor, L.; G.,… Millar-Blanchaer, Maxwell A.; Chilcote, Jeffrey; Maire, Jérôme, et al.; The Astrophysical Newburgh, L. B.; Vanderlinde, K., et al.; Astronomy and Computing; 09/2015 Journal; 11/2015 Constraints on the distribution and energetics of fast radio bursts using cosmological Physical Conditions of the Earliest Phases of Massive Star Formation: Single-dish and hydrodynamic simulations; Dolag, K.; Gaensler, B. M., et al.; Monthly Notices of the Royal Interferometric Observations of Ammonia and CCS in Infrared Dark Clouds; Dirienzo, William Astronomical Society; 08/2015 J.,… Friesen, Rachel K., et al.; The Astronomical Journal; 11/2015 Murchison Wideﬁeld Array Observations of Anomalous Variability: A Serendipitous Night-time Abundances, Stellar Parameters, and Spectra from the SDSS-III/APOGEE Survey; Holtzman, Detection of Interplanetary Scintillation; Kaplan, D. L.,… Gaensler, B. M., et al.; Jon A.,… Bovy, Jo; Nguyen, Duy Cuong, et al.; The Astronomical Journal; 11/2015 The Astrophysical Journal Letters; 08/2015

30 DUNLAP INSTITUTE PEER REVIEWED for ASTRONOMY & PUBLICATIONS ASTROPHYSICS

Broadband Spectral Modeling of the Extreme Gigahertz-peaked Spectrum Radio Source PKS The JCMT Gould Belt Survey: SCUBA-2 observations of circumstellar discs in L 1495; Buckle, B0008-421; Callingham, J. R.; Gaensler, B. M., et al.; The Astrophysical Journal; 08/2015 J. V.,… Friesen, R., et al.; Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society; 05/2015

Power spectrum analysis of ionospheric ﬂuctuations with the Murchison Wideﬁeld Array; Loi, The JCMT Gould Belt Survey: constraints on prestellar core properties in Orion A North; Salji, C. Shyeh Tjing,… Gaensler, B. M., et al.; Radio Science; 07/2015 J.,… Friesen, R., et al.; Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society; 05/2015

The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: measuring radio galaxy bias through cross-correlation with P-MaNGA: full spectral ﬁtting and stellar population maps from prototype observations; lensing; Allison, Rupert,… Hložek, Renée; Newburgh, Laura, et al.; Monthly Notices of the Royal Wilkinson, David M.,… Cherinka, Brian, et al.; Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Astronomical Society; 07/2015 Society; 05/2015

The Eleventh and Twelfth Data Releases of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Final Data from SDSS- Real-time imaging of density ducts between the plasmasphere and ionosphere; Loi, Shyeh Tjing III; Alam, Shadab,… Bovy, Jo; Lang, Dustin; Nguyen, Duy Cuong, et al.; The Astrophysical Journal ,… Gaensler, B. M., et al.; Geophysical Research Letters; 05/2015 Supplement Series; 07/2015 Measurements of E-Mode Polarization and Temperature-E-Mode Correlation in the Cosmic The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Lensing of CMB Temperature and Polarization Derived Microwave Background from 100 Square Degrees of SPTpol Data; Crites, A. T.,… Natoli, T.; from Cosmic Infrared Background Cross-correlation; van Engelen, Alexander,… Hložek, Vanderlinde, K., et al.; The Astrophysical Journal; 05/2015 Renée; Newburgh, Laura, et al.; The Astrophysical Journal; 07/2015 Spectroscopic conﬁrmation of the existence of large, diffuse galaxies in the Coma cluster; van Observing Strategy for the SDSS-IV/MaNGA IFU Galaxy Survey; Law, David R.,… Cherinka, Dokkum, P. G.,… Abraham, R.; Zhang, J., et al.; Astrophysical Journal; 05/2015 Brian; The Astronomical Journal; 07/2015 P-MaNGA: Gradients in Recent Star Formation Histories as Diagnostics for Galaxy Growth and GLEAM: The GaLactic and Extragalactic All-Sky MWA Survey; Wayth, R. B.,… Gaensler, B., Death; Li, Cheng,… Cherinka, Brian, et al.; The Astrophysical Journal; 05/2015 et al.; Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia; 06/2015

The JCMT Gould Belt Survey: ﬁrst results from the SCUBA-2 observations of the Ophiuchus molecular cloud and a virial analysis of its prestellar core population; Pattle, K.,… Friesen, R., et al.; Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society; 06/2015

A Measurement of Gravitational Lensing of the Cosmic Microwave Background by Galaxy Clusters Using Data from the South Pole Telescope; Baxter, E. J.,… Vanderlinde, K., et al.; The Astrophysical Journal; 06/2015

The Q/U Imaging Experiment: Polarization Measurements of Radio Sources at 43 and 95 GHz; Huffenberger, K. M.,… Newburgh, L. B., et al.; The Astrophysical Journal; 06/2015

The Magnetic Field and Polarization Properties of Radio Galaxies in Different Accretion States; O’Sullivan, S. P.; Gaensler, B. M., et al.; The Astrophysical Journal; 06/2015

An Ammonia Spectral Map of the L1495-B218 Filaments in the Taurus Molecular Cloud. I. Physical Properties of Filaments and Dense Cores; Seo, Young Min,… Friesen, Rachel, et al.; The Astrophysical Journal; 06/2015

31 DUNLAP INSTITUTE for ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

01. Students at the annual West Africa International Summer School for Young Astronomers where, for the second year, instructors included astronomers from the Dunlap Institute and the Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics. Credit: Dr. Duy Cuong Nguyen

03 02. The Dunlap’s Public Outreach Coordinator, Michael Reid, showing an excited passer-by the May 9th transit of Mercury at a special U of T Sidewalk Astronomy session. 03. Prof. Bryan Gaensler hosting the Dunlap’s annual holiday party. 32 Editorial, original photography & production: Chris Sasaki

Original photography & production: Zoë Jaremus

Design & production: Sovereign State

1 May 2015 – 30 April 2016

Unless otherwise noted, all photographs: Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics

04. Dunlap membership has its privileges: new t-shirts.

05. The Dunlap icon displayed using the 786,432 micro-mirrors of a micro-mirror array, each of which can be controlled separately.

06. In December 2015, the Dunlap Institute hosted the Murchison Wideﬁeld Array Project 07 Meeting and the Canada and the Square Kilometre Array Meeting.

07. Crowds continue to enjoy a night of talks, games, prizes and pints at Astronomy on Tap T.O. Canada is one of ten member countries building the Square Kilometre Array which, when completed in the mid-2020s, will be the largest radio telescope ever constructed. Dunlap Institute director Bryan Gaensler is the Canadian SKA Science Director and Chair of the ACURA Advisory Council on the SKA. Credit: SKA Organisation www.dunlap.utoronto.ca www.universe.utoronto.ca www.dunlapobservations.wordpress.com