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Volume 20 | Number 3 Article 1
Summer 2011 Volume 20, Number 3
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SOCIETY FOR THE HISTORY QF AtJTHQRSHIB READING & SHARPNEWS PUBLI~HING Volume 20, Number 3 Summer 2011
cr1t1que. Simone Murray (Monash Univer self, some colorful language came out of my sity), in ''Author Functions: The Transmedial mouth. Fortunately, it was blasphemous, but Author and the Contemporary Adaptation not obscene. No worries! Industry," laid out the structural conditions Erin A. Smith SHARP Brisbane necessary for authorial celebrity across media U niversiry if Texas 28-30 April 2011 - legal, institutional, and commercial - and examined the way "multiplatforming" (books, The University if Queensland =====~ films, television, new media) transforms our "The Long Twentieth Century" was my notions of authorship. Both talks provided Click-on-Knowledge first visit to Australia. It was a great trip. I am broad frameworks for rethinking the institu 11-13 Mqy 2011 a deeply anxious person; Australia is a country tions in which reading, writing, teaching, and University if Copenhagen where the stock response to any apology or publishing take place. expression of concern is "No worries!" We An additional benefit was the education There was more hypothesizing than click were made for each other. I returned home I received in Australian literature and media, ing at the Click-on-Knowledge conference, a with an immense new bibliography of things about which I knew (and know) very little. trend indicative of the cutting-edge research to read, new energy to face down my own For example, Jacinta van den Berg (Univer on display at the University of Copenhagen work, lots of new scholarly connections, and sity of Sydney) illuminated the 'Williamson over the course of three well-organized and jetlag from hell. economy': the immense contributions made enjoyable days. Each of the eight plenary talks The conference had everything from by accessible, prolific playwright David Wil and twenty-one paper presentations engaged major overviews of the institution of liter liamson to subsidizing and cross-subsidizing in one way or another with the complex rela ary studies and of authorship to focused, drama publishing in Australia. Walter Mason tionship between technology and scholarship. specific case studies of various kinds of texts. explicated how Australian etiquette books Given the interdisciplinary nature of this rela I learned about reading, writing, and libraries both recreate class and gender hierarchies tionship, Click-on-Knowledge brought together in war time, about the effect of the Nobel and push in the democratic direction of a diverse mix of literary scholars, computer Prize on translation of the laureate's work, establishing common codes of behavior in scientists, bibliographers, philosophers, and "The Anxious Australian: Etiquette Books about popular histories of the English reader, physicists, presenting us with a rare chance to about lesbian reading groups in Canada, and the Myth of An Egalitarian Nation." touch base on issues that cut across depart about birth control publications, literary ad Nicole Moore's paper on the "Censor Poets" mental lines. As the conference progressed, aptation, twentieth-century re-inventions of taught me that a small cadre of academic liter this myriad of perspectives outlined many of nineteenth-century captivity narratives in the ary scholars based in Canberra did the lion's the issues currently occupying those on the U.S. and Australia, British colonial cookbooks share of censoring in Cold-War Australia, exciting and unstable frontier of the Digital as global contact zones, Evelyn Waugh's mar since they could not send suspect materials Humanities. And while some of us attended ginalia, and fan cultures around Harry Potter through the mail. In 85-90% of cases, the the sessions in person, strolling the beautiful and Lacjy Audlry ~ Secret, among others. reason for banning was obscenity. ... /2 Our keynote speakers offered institutional The low point of my trip occurred just analyses. Jim English (University of Pennsyl before I headed over to the Queensland State vania) illuminated methodological tensions Library for Jim English's pre-conference mas between reading and counting, critique and ter class. I was next door at the Queensland description, narrativization and visualization Art Gallery. My Frommer~ Australia guide calls CONFERENCE REVIEWS 1 in literary studies in his talk, "Literary Studies it "one of Australia's most attractive galleries, TREVOR H. HOWARD-HILL 3 and Sociological Method." He placed this di with vast light filled spaces and interestingwa BOOK REVIEWS 6 vide in the larger context of higher education ter features inside and out." It also offers some ANNOUNCEMENTS 14 amazing Aboriginal bark paintings. I was so in the U.S., where a regime of quantification E-RESOURCES REVIEWS 15 distracted by looking at one that I walked right rewards disciplines that can be rendered com EXHIBITION REVIEWS 16 mensurate with it. English highlighted the into one of the interesting water features. As I ROBIN C. ALSTON 19 work of young scholars whose work bridges stood knee-deep in this water feature, thinking BIBLIOGRAPHY 19 these methodological divides between close about the excellent impression I was about to STOP PRESS 20 and distant reading, between description and make on my classmates with my water-logged
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... / 1 winding streets of Copenhagen after the days Humanities, it also made clear the range and were done, others tuned in from all around gravity of the difficulties facing its purveyors. the world to the plenary sessions, streamed The current system of academic rewards,
EDITOR live on SHARP's website. for example, remains biased towards printed Sydnry S hep, Wai-te-ata Press Susan Schreibman (Royal Irish Academy) achievements; this bias makes it difficult for Victoria University of Wellington opened the conference by replacing a period scholars working in the Digital Humanities to PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand with a question mark, modifying her original achieve recognition for notable accomplish [email protected] title to strike a pertinent note of uncertainty: ments, such as creating and maintaining pub "We Are All Digital Humanists?" The shift lic-access archives and research tools. What EDITORIAL AsSISTANTS - 20.3 acknowledged and confronted the divide counts as a publication? What happens when Sara Berger that still persists in the academy between old you can't print off your research to bring to a Publication Assistant, Wai-te-ata Press and new research methods. Those without a job interview? The vital importance of tools REVIEW EDITORS prepared PowerPoint (like myself) often felt like Juxta and archives like those dedicated Fritz Lery, Book Reviews - Europe compelled to self-deprecate at our old-fash to the work of Walt Whitman and William University of Washington, WA, USA ioned habits, yet the overwhelming message Blake cannot be overstated, yet Linda Bree [email protected] of both Schreibman's talk and the conference (Cambridge University Press) declared that at large was that this embarrassment and per the printed monograph remains the uncon Millie Jackson, Book Reviews - Americas ceived divide need not exist. Far from being tested gold standard in academic publishing University of Alabama, AL, USA a big, scary field reserved for highly trained - a reality that she insisted is hardening rather [email protected] technology specialists, the Digital Humanities than slackening off. is available to everyone; it presents us with a In many of the presentations and con Simone Murrqy, Book Reviews - Asia/Pacific diverse set of tools and research methods that versations at Click-on-Knowledge, there was Monash University, Melbourne, AUS can be used to enhance our engagement with an implicit suggestion that the anxiety in [email protected] both older and newer conceptual problems. the academy around the democratization of All that is needed, as Schreibman insisted, is knowledge through technology seems to be Lisa Pon, Exhibition Reviews a more substantial infrastructural bridge to reviving an outdated conservatism towards Southern Methodist University help forge clearer links between emerging recognizing born-digital projects as academi Dallas, TX, USA and traditional modes of analysis. cally credible. While digital technologies urge [email protected] A question raised throughout the various and facilitate collaborative research, many talks was how tools like Coogle and Wikipedia academic institutions continue to adhere to "Katherine Harris, E-Resource Reviews should figure into our research activities. the romantic ideal of the cloistered scholar San Jose State University, CA, USA Always one to push the envelope, the canny putting ink to paper in the seclusion of her of [email protected] Charles Lock (University of Copenhagen) fice. Click-on-Knowledge was a timely reminder BIBLIOGRAPHER made his point by dedicating a portion of that scholars - particularly in the Humanities Meraud Ferguson Hand his address to the historical development - need to involve themselves in dictating Oxfordshire, UK of the blank administrative form: a portion the flow of technology, instead of always [email protected] that he admitted, after having delivered it, just reacting to it or attempting to ignore its SUBSCRIPTIONS was composed after only forty-five minutes developments. The Johns Hopkins University Press of Googling "research." What is it to know Ben Gehrels Journals Publishing Division a fact when every fact is available through Simon Fraser University, Canada PO Box 19966, Baltimore, the smartphone in our pocket? Although =====f') MD 21211-0966 the general consensus in response to Lock's [email protected] provocation was that search engines cannot Click-on-Knowledge II (yet) synthesize information to compose inte =====f') grated and argumentative books and articles, Organized by the Department of English, there was a clear anxiety in the air about the Germanic and Romance Studies of the Uni SHARP News [ISSN 1073-1725] is the role of the scholar in an era overloaded with versity of Copenhagen, the Click-on-Knowledge quarterly newsletter of the 5 ociefY for the History easily accessible information. Mark Malseed conference took place from 11 to 13 May of Authorship, Reading and Publishing, Inc.. The (co-author of The Coogle Story) and Jasper 2011. Aiming to address a broad range of Society takes no responsibility for the views Bojsen (Microsoft) then brought their jour issues related to the interaction between web asserted in these pages. Copyright of content nalistic and IT perspectives to bear on this based knowledge and contemporary scholar rests with contributors; design copyright rests anxiety, with Malseed concluding that, for ship, the conference brought together partici with the Society. Set in Adobe Garamond with better or for worse, the Google giant is largely pants from diverse fields. The express inten Wingdings. indifferent to the humanities, and Bojsen tion of the organizers was to bridge the gap COPY DEADLINES: 1 March, 1 June, turning to William James to emphasize that between IT providers and dedicated IT media 1 September, 1 December "the connecting is the thinking." studies researchers and the more traditional SHARP WEB: While Click-on-Knowledge emphatically humanities scholars who feel the pressure to demonstrated the vast potential of the Digital http:// sharpweb.org come to grips with new technology. ... / 5 https://scholarworks.umass.edu/sharp_news/vol20/iss3/1 2 et al.: Volume 20, Number 3 SHARP NEWS VOL. 20, No.3 SUMMER 2011 G:1 3
Folio through-line numbering, lines found features originating in the setting of type in only in quarto texts being indicated by an the printing-house. initial +; compositorial stints, so far as they Before coming to Oxford and joining a had been determined, were recorded; a key group of us, including Vincent O'Sullivan 17 October 1933 - 1 June 2011 to Globe numbering was added; and when and Richard Mulgan, who met on Sunday print was justified against the right-hand evenings in the Turl Tavern, Trevor had Trevor arrived in Oxford in 1963, my last margin the line was marked with an asterisk. already made significant contributions to bib year there, in which I was finishing a thesis The concordances were a splendid resource liography. At Victoria University, 'sporting a on the anonymous domestic tragedy Arden for those doing textual work on Shakespeare, waxed handlebar moustache as some sort of if Faversham, under the supervision of the though internet resources have now largely dare', he had been prominent in student poli brilliant Shakespearean textual scholar Alice superseded them. The computer tapes were tics and as editor of the university newspaper Walker. She became Trevor's supervisor too. invaluable to the Oxford editors, who worked Salient, mixing with Wellington's poets and He already had a PhD from the University on printouts from them. In a long article in novelists and financing his studies through of New Zealand through Victoria University Studies in Bibliograpf?y, 22 (1969), Trevor dis labouring jobs. For a time he was National College, Wellington. His research for that cussed the huge number of tricky decisions he Secretary of the Freezing Workers Union. had been on Ralph Crane, the scribe who had been compelled to take. He alone had the But it was after graduating from the National prepared several manuscripts for Shake combination of technical skills and expertise Library School in 1961 and becoming head speare's company, the King's Men, and so in Shakespearean textual scholarship to create of cataloguing at the Turnbull Library in influenced texts that appeared in the Shake those volumes. He passed on his knowledge in Wellington that he compiled checklists of speare First Folio of 1623. The Bodleian Literary Concordances: a guide . .. (London and early books held in New Zealand - a project and other Northern Hemisphere research New York: Pergamon, 1979) promoted by fellow bibliographer and tramp libraries held materials that enabled Trevor Offshoots of Trevor's labours were two ing companion W J. (Bill) Cameron, who was to become the world's acknowledged expert pamphlets (1976 and 1977), amounting to eventually lost to Canada, assuming leader on Crane, whose idiosyncracies of spelling, some 140 pages, refining Charlton Hinman's ship roles in English (McMaster) and then punctuation, and treatment of stage direc work on the First Folio compositors. Trevor Library and Information Science (Western tions he anatomized. Ralph Crane and Some explained in his introduction: 'I have ventured Ontario). Trevor also wrote pamphlets on Shakespeare First Folio Comedies (University to send this unwanted child of my industry library management, and on the ship to Press of Virginia, 1972), based on his DPhil out into the world under no better aegis than England in 1963 ('before it reached Naples') thesis, is a classic, indispensable to editors of my own.' The self-deprecation is character he completed a report on the re-cataloguing at least six of Shakespeare's plays and several istic. These pamphlets, circulated to major of the Turnbull's rare book collection. Even by other dramatists. research libraries and selected scholars, were before leaving New Zealand he had explored Dr Walker, Reader in Textual Criticism, highly originaL He summarized their findings the potential for bibliographical and textual had been appointed to complete the Oxford in an article in The Library. Trevor had noted, studies of one of the first computers in the Old-Spelling Shakespeare, upon which R. among other minutiae, that patterns in the country, good preparation for his work in the B. McKerrow had worked until his death. A spacing around various punctuation marks Oxford University Computing Laboratory. pioneer in studying the habits of the com confirmed most of Hinman's assignments of From Oxford Trevor moved to University positors who set Shakespearean texts, she Folio pages or columns to particular workmen, College, Swansea, and from there to the Uni supported Trevor's proposal that he prepare, while casting doubt on others. Trevor added versity of South Carolina, where he was C. for publication by the Clarendon Press, com a new tool for compositor identification, and Wallace Martin Professor of English, retiring puter-generated old-spelling concordances reached conclusions adopted, with only minor in 1999 as Distinguished Professor Emeritus. to the original quarto or Folio printings that modifications, by the editors of the Oxford Even while still in Oxford, he had embarked were to serve as foundation-texts for her edi Shakespeare. Trevor's work was not, as some on his massive contributions to enumerative tion. New Zealander Dan Davin, novelist and have supposed, undermined by D. F. (Don) bibliography with his Bibliograpf?y if British short-story writer and at that time Assistant McKenzie's 'Stretching a Point' (1984), in Literary Bibliographies (Clarendon Press, 1969). Secretary to the Delegates of Oxford Uni which he noted that patterns in the spacing This has been replaced on the University of versity Press, encouraged Trevor's initiative of commas within a folio in fours printed Auckland Library shelves by the 1987 second as 'sponsor and friend.' at Cambridge in 1701-2 were unrelated to edition, 'revised and enlarged,' where it is Although Dr Walker made little progress the compositorial stints recorded in univer accompanied by seven other volumes, all on the Oxford Shakespeare, which was finally sity archives: the Cambridge patterns stood prepared by Trevor and published by the brought to fruition by Stanley Wells, Gary alone, whereas the new evidence that Trevor Clarendon Press, under the general series Taylor, John Jowett, and William Montgomery had discovered was closely correlated with title Index to British Literary Bibliograpry. Best in 1986, Trevor's concordances to each of the the various kinds of totally independent evi to reproduce Trevor's own prefatory remarks First Folio plays plus Pericles duly appeared dence advanced by Hinman, whose methods to the twinned last two of these (1999), the between 1969 and 1973. They had been of typographical analysis McKenzie himself first subtitled A Bibliograpry (VIII), the second scrupulously checked against the original endorsed. Trevor's research on Crane and his Authors (IX). Trevor wrote: 'British Literary texts; corrections to obvious misprints were research on compositors were interconnected, Bibliograpf?y, 1980-1989 extends the coverage listed; lemmatized words were cited within since Folio features originating in the scriven to date of the previously published bibliog a whole line; references were by means of er's transcripts had to be distinguished from raphies. They are, besides the first bibliogra- ... / 4
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... / 3 phy and its revision already mentioned, (II) and the early modern drama. Searching the the Revels Plays series (Manchester University Shakespearian Bibliography and Textual Criticism; publications of 'T. H. Howard-Hill' in the Press, 1993) represented by far the most seri a Bibliography (1971 ), (IV-V) British Bibliograpf?y online World Shakespeare Bibliograpf?y reminded ous attempt to that date to determine the ex and Textual Criticism; a Bibliograpf?y (1979), and me of how trenchant and carefully considered traordinarily complex relationships between (VII) British Literary· Bibliograpf?y, 1970-1979 so many of these were. They include more the many textual witnesses and to construct (1992). Volume III, The EarlY British Book; a on Ralph Crane; well-argued contributions from them a text serving the modern reader's Bibliograpf?y to 1890, is in preparation. Volumes to attempts to determine the precise source needs. But Trevor's edition is also admirable I-II, IV-V were provided with a combined of the First Folio (1623) text of King Lear in other respects - in its critical account of index, (VI) Index to British Literary Bibliography, and to the debate about the theory that the the play, its section on theatrical history, and 1890-1969 (1980).' Together the eight com First Quarto (1609) and First Folio preserve its unfailingly helpful commentary. pleted volumes covered some 5,000 pages. essentially Shakespeare's original and revised Besides the Revels edition, Trevor pub The amount of work required to compile versions of the tragedy; penetrating explo lished three other books in which various them is staggering. rations of the concept of 'authorial inten manuscripts of A Game at Chess were tran The projected Volume III turned into the tion' as it applies to plays; and a compelling scribed and subjected to detailed analysis and two-volume The British Book Trade, 1475-1890 refutation of postmodern attitudes in the description: editions of the Trinity College, (British Library and Oak Knoll Press, 2009). editing of Shakespeare in which he asserts Cambridge, holograph for the Malone Society This comprised a further lxxi + 1776 pages that 'modern readers require mediated texts.' (1990) and of the partly holographic Bridge plus a CD-ROM. The more than 24,000 items In the late 1990s he published illuminating water manuscript in the Huntington Library covered works on authorship, bibliography, 'speech-act' analyses of terms of address in for the Edwin Mellen Press (1995), and also book collecting, book illustration, booksell Romeo and Julietand Othello, the one focused on Middleton's (Vulgar Pasquin':' Esserys on Middle ing, censorship, copyright, libraries, literacy, Iago and Cassio having formed a memorable ton's 54 Game at Chess' (Newark, New Jersey: papermaking, printing, publishing, textual paper at an Auckland English Department University of Delaware Press, 1995), which criticism, and typography. Trevor explained Staff-Student Seminar. Among essays on analysed all available textual authorities. that this oeuvre had been half-a-life-time in the book-history was a typically well-informed As Gary Taylor wrote in the Companion making and that it had necessitated his visiting one on the circulation of plays in manuscript (2007) to the Oxford Middleton, A Game three hundred libraries. 'Aged seventy-four I in the early seventeenth century. at Chess 'constitutes the most complicated am glad that it is finished. Consequently, I Another valuable contribution to Shake editorial problem in the entire corpus of echo the sentiments of Edward F. Ellis (The speare studies was his editing and introducing early modern English drama, and one of the British Museum in Fiction: A Check-List . .. ) who Shakespeare and ~ir Thomas More:' Esserys on most complicated in English literature.' His wrote "Now that the book has finally been the Plery and its Shakespearian Interest (Cam own discussion covered 280 large double printed, please do not mortify and infuriate bridge University Press, 1989). Back in 1923 column pages, the equivalent of a lengthy the weary compiler by sending him additions Cambridge had published a collection of monograph. Building on all Trevor's work, to it.'" Trevor nevertheless gave the website essays by Alfred W Pollard, W W Greg, E. he reached conclusions that differed from address of BibSite, where he suggested that Maunde Thompson,]. Dover Wilson, and R. his in several respects, but Trevor had been anybody who had first carefully read his in W Chambers, arguing that Hand D's three an essential predecessor. troductory remarks might send any significant page addition to the famous British Library I treasure my copy of the Revels A Game corrections or additions he or she wished to manuscript play was Shakespeare's autograph at Chess, which bears the inscription 'To Mac, propose. composition. Trevor gathered together a new with all best wishes, Trevor. 25.6.93.' I must Trevor, once disagreeing with Bill Cam team of scholars, who discussed not only have received it while overseas somewhere, eron - who argued that even the witting this issue but the question of the date of the because in an accompanying note Trevor says compilation of an imperfect bibliography original play and of the several additions to it, 'It is scarcely worthwhile tracking you down might serve a useful function and prompt along with aspects of the full play. Subsequent for this. Nevertheless, I hope that there is others to improve it - thought that, given discussions of Sir Thomas More invariably cite something here that you will find useful or human fallibility, striving for completeness and the resulting book. pleasurable.' Only a truly great scholar can exactness was de rigueur, not least because 'an Trevor's Ralph Crane expertise drew him afford that degree of modesty! imperfect catalogue almost always inhibits also towards the last play written by 'the Another Crane transcript is one of SirJohn the preparation of a better one, if only be greatest English dramatist after Shakespeare' van Olden Barnavelt, a play by John Fletcher cause funding agencies are averse to allotting (as British playwright Edward Bond called and Philip Massinger. Trevor edited this for money to tasks that they believe have been him), Thomas Middleton. For nine days the Malone Society in 1980 and eight years accomplished and from which no sufficiently Londoners flocked to Middleton's audacious later published in the Review of English Studies substantial scholarly gain can be expected.' It political allegory, A Game at Chess, before the a substantial article on the heavy censorship is not, I am convinced, humanly possible to authorities clamped down on performance to which it had been subjected by Sir George create more meticulous and comprehensive and the author went into hiding but was found Bue. And long before The British Book Trade bibliographies than Trevor's. and jailed. The play's notoriety provoked a appeared Trevor had compiled British Book While accomplishing all this, he was also demand for manuscript copies, and among Trade Dissertations to 1980 (Signal Mountain, producing dozens of important articles, those still extant three (in the Folger, the Brit Tennessee: Summertown Texts, 1998). theoretical and practical, on matters of textual ish Library, and the Bodleian) were penned by I t seems scarcely credible that, as well as criticism and editing related to Shakespeare Crane. 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Trevor served as editor of the Papers of the followed by the second set of parallel ses Bibliographical Society of America. But he did, sions. The day was concluded by a plenary and regularly contributed 'Short Notices' talk by Professor Charles Lock of the Uni of many books submitted to the journal for versity of Copenhagen titled "Pages, Screens, review. Trevor was my ideal editor, always ... / 2 and the Spaces of Scholarship." Afterwards, understanding each step in one's argument, In her opening keynote, Professor Su attendees were offered a tour of the Danish never changing the wording simply because san Schreibman of the Digital Humanities Royal Library. he himself might have put something in a Observatory (DHO), Royal Irish Academy, The last day of the conference opened different way, but making only suggestions Dublin argued, ''We are all Digital Humanists." with a talk by Jasper Hedegaard B0jsen, Di for what one could readily accept as improve She illustrated some of the ways she has been rector of Technology, Microsoft Denmark, ments. And scarcely a misprint or mistake ever incorporating digital technologies into her demonstrating how a technology company past him by. Both with reference to PBSA scholarly practice and gave examples of the like Microsoft engages with topics that are and his major publications Trevor repeat institutional resistance she faced. related to digital humanities and what the edly expressed his gratitude to his research Following this illuminating introduction to future might hold for users and developers. assistant Travis Gordon, whose crucial role the possibilities afforded by the methods of The excitement of the audience was palpable in his productivity and accuracy should be digital humanities, Professor Simon Burrows at the chance to interact with an expert so far acknowledged here. of the University of Leeds and his colleagues outside their daily routines yet whose job and Reviewing in PBSA Volumes Vln and demonstrated their project, which maps the interests are so central to their work. IX of Trevor's great Index series, William eighteenth-century book trade. The result of The final round of parallel sessions in Baker noted Trevor's claim that he possessed an intense data mining and computerization cluded seven presentations covering three 'a necessary share of the bloody-minded process, the database built by Prof. Burrows's themes, "Audio and Internet Archives," pertinacity of those who persist in unremu team allows the user granular control in ac "Using Technology for Motivation and Shar nerative enterprises.' Baker commented that cessing data with powerful search algorithms ing," and an engaging talk illustrating "Game 'bloody-mined pertinacity' was 'an essential and visualization tools. Layers as Motivational Driver." ingredient of any important human endeavor' The third plenary speaker was Dr. Linda The last plenary talk of the conference and that Trevor's Index was without doubt 'a Bree, Editorial Director, Arts and Literature, was given by Mark Malseed, an IT journal monument' both to human 'pertinacity' and Cambridge University Press. Dr. Bree's talk ist and author of The Coogle Story. Malseed's to 'unaging human intellect.' focused on the impact of digital technology talk entitled "Google and the Humanities: As that other great New Zealand bib on an academic publisher. She pointed out Friend or Foe?" discussed the numerous liographer, Keith Maslen remarked to me, that while e-books are receiving the most at ways Coogle is a part of the daily life of a Trevor 'died still full of work,' but what he tention, in fact the most drastic change faced humanities researcher, notably through the had accomplished was astounding. For my by publishers originated from the adoption of ambitious Coogle Books project and the love own part, I shall miss receiving his emails and digital processes, which allowed on-demand hate relationship in which most scholars meeting up with him at Shakespeare confer print runs and lowered the initial cost of and institutions find themselves with the ences, in the Bodleian or British Library, and publishing a new work. search giant. in Auckland on his occasional visits. He was The first day was concluded by three par The concluding panel brought together not only a remarkable scholar but a witty and allel sessions featuring eight papers. Sessions all the plenary speakers and offered them the likable man. were titled "Scholarly Interactivity and Elec chance to reBect on the overall themes of the tronic Publishing," "E-Books," and "Theoriz conference. Through excellent programming MacDonald P. Jackson ing the Digital Age." Given the diversity of and an astute selection of plenary speakers, U niversiry 0/ Auckland, NZ the participants, the organizers have done a the conference achieved its goal of bring commendable job of grouping related papers ing together humanities scholars in all their as evidenced by the stimulating discussions diversity with IT professionals, and offered following the presentations. valuable insights for all attendees. For further [This obituary was originally commissioned for The second day of the conference opened information, the conference website includes Stript & Print. Bulletin 0/ the Bibliographical Sociery 0/ with a talk by Professor Peter Naur, computer a detailed program and plenary sessions will Australia and New Zealand and appears here with the scientist and winner of the Turing Prize. Pro be posted as podcasts at a later date.
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1920s, the party's imprints worked hand in Evan Brier. A Novel Marketplace: Mass Culture, hand with the Komintern to produce bro the Book Trade, and Postwar American Fiction. chures and to edit Marx and Lenin's writings. Philadelphia: The University of Pennsylvania Marie-Cecile Bouju. Lire en communiste. Les Literary works were neglected, and the party's Press, 2010. 224p. ISBN 9780912242072. Maisons d'idition du Parti communiste franfais imprints initially failed to seize the market £32.50 / US$49.95 [cloth]. 1920-1968. Rennes: Presses Universitaires de for Russian literature in translation. In the A Novel Marketplace offers a welcome Rennes, 2010. 362p. ISBN 9782753512306. 1930s, the PCF became a mainstream party and important treatment of the relationship €20.00. and its publishing houses participated in the between mass culture and the literary mar mass market. The graphs in appendices show ketplace in postwar America. Beginning with In this book adapted from her 2005 dis that the number of titles published by com the assumption that the story of how novels sertation, the historian Marie-Cecile Bouju munist imprints peaked in the mid-1930s, but were affected by postwar mass culture has examines the publishing houses of the French dramatically fell during the war (at the time gone relatively untold, this book examines the Communist Party (pCF) from 1920 to 1968. when the communist party was banned, and postwar book trade, defined as "that set of Lire en communiste works at the crossroads its imprints operated clandestinely). Finally, institutions that produced, marketed, and sold between political, social and cultural history Bouju describes the postwar dissatisfaction novels" (6). This book is the story of agents, with a discreet emphasis on quantitative meth of communist intellectuals with the party's publishers, and of course authors. The text odology. Bouju argues that communist intel publishing houses. The last part also focuses does not provide a cohesive narrative as much lectuals had a rather conflicted relationship on the PCP's emphasis on reading, and its as offer some interesting moments from the with the party's publishing houses. According support of public libraries in communist postwar scene to shed light on an important to Bouju, this was due to the hierarchical municipalities. period in literary history. structure of the communist party, which fa Lire en communiste is a meticulously re The novels at the center of Brier's dis vored militants over intellectuals. The PCF's searched book on a subject that has so far cussion are The Sheltering S~, Fahrenheit 451, publishing houses chose texts rather than attracted little attention. It will be of interest The Man in the GrC!} Flannel Suit, and Pry ton authors, and failed to provide the symbolic to book historians who work on propaganda Place. Brier concludes with Norman Mailer's recognition and material gains that commu (particularly in the context of the Second Advertisements for Myself and considers the nist intellectuals expected. Moreover, Bouju World War). It should also attract scholars of contemporary example of Jonathan Franzen claims that the PCP's imprints largely failed intellectual history. The most fascinating parts and Oprah's Book Club. A Novel Marketplace to create a distinct identity. Although the deal with the positioning of Louis Aragon, works along similar lines to Kim Becnel's The party was officially hostile to detective fiction, Paul Nizan, and other famous communist Rise 0/ Corporate Publishing and Its Effects on romances, and other popular genres com writers in the publishing field of the mid Authorship in EarlY Twentieth Century America mercialized by the bourgeoisie and consumed twentieth century. However, Bouju tries to (Routledge, 2007), which argues that new by the masses, communist publishing houses cover too large a ground. Lire en communiste publishing practices did not "ruin" literature did not hesitate to select and promote easily deals not only with publishing, with distri but provided opportunities for writers who readable books that would appeal to a wide bution, and with reading, but also with the would not otherwise have had it. Brier argues audience. From the 1930s, the party's imprints history of the French communist party itself. that the frequent claim that the "literary sky used advertising to sell books as bestsellers, This is hardly surprising, since the party's pub is falling" (8) at a time of increased reading and they later participated in the paperback lishing houses had little autonomy. But this habits was really a shrewd marketing strat revolution. Still, while the PCP's publishing emphasis on the party sometimes leads Bouju egy on the part of those institutions who houses struggled to attract intellectuals and to lose sight of her argument. Furthermore, benefited from the paradox these competing to compete with bourgeois publishers, they Lire en communiste contains no reproductions circumstances represented. For example, succeeded in transforming the book into an of books covers and advertisements commis Bradbury's involvement with institutions of essential aspect of militant life. For example, sioned by the PCF's imprints. mass culture sets into relief Fahrenheit 451's the illustration on the cover shows a group of Despite these reservations, Lire en commu status as an "an attack on and a warning about communist militants gathered around a table niste is a valuable contribution to the history mass culture" (65). to sell Maurice Thorez's autobiography, Fils of political imprints. As Bouju puts it, "in Notable in the chapter on The Sheltering du peuple, published by the Editions Sociales 1927, the Editorial Service of the Communist S ~ is Brier's attention to the triangle of Internationales. Bouju thus maintains that for International prides itself in its implanta author-agent-publisher in the persons of the PCF, the book was above all a propaganda tion in 40 countries and its publication in 47 Paul Bowles, Helen Strauss (\X!illiam Morris tool used to educate militants and attract new languages" (30). We know little about these Agency), and James Laughlin. Brier asserts recruits. communist publishing networks.Hopefully, that the William Morris Agency's entry into Lire en communiste is divided into fifteen Lire en communiste will stimulate more research the literary agent market marks an important chapters organized in five chronological on these important topics. recognition of the commercial viability of parts: the birth of a new editorial model, the literary. the establishment of a French communist Lise Jaillant Brier considers Sloan Wilson's The Man culture, the role of the party's publishing University of British Columbia in the GrC!} Flannel Suit to be a representation houses during the Second World War, the of the "marketing wizardry" (86) of Richard Cold War and finally, the 'new golden age' Simon, then president of Simon & Schuster, of political books (1956-1968). During the who determined the novel's title; similarly, https://scholarworks.umass.edu/sharp_news/vol20/iss3/1 6 et al.: Volume 20, Number 3
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initial plans for the novel's jacket design - a product of more than ten years of work by a library in New France," with several thousand picture of Gregory Peck - were shaped by a dedicated editorial team and contributors at works by the middle of the next century. deal to make the novel into a movie starring all stages of their careers, from "pioneers who Volume editor Patricia Lockhart Fleming the actor, representing "corporate synergy at first began to investigate the history of books introduces the section on printing in British work" (86). Brier argues that although critics decades ago, as well as students who will carry Canada with an essay on the first printers in often link Wilson's novel with Whyte's The the work forward" (1:xvii). Contributors were the colonies (Boston's Bartholomew Green, Organization Man (1965), scholars rarely note tasked with taking a national approach to their who arrived in October 1751 but died before that both texts were published by Simon & subject areas, a charge which the editors note he could unpack his press, and John Bushell, Schuster, which facilitated this "corporate "led to the investigation of fresh sources and also of Boston, who set up shop in Green's synergy"; Wilson's text can be considered a encouraged collaboration within the project place and published the first issue of the novelistic advertisement for Whyte's. Con team" (1: xvii) . Halifax Gazette on 23 March 1752), and oth tinuing this theme, Grace Metalious' Pry ton Each of the three volumes is separated into ers examine the spread of printing through Place, which spawned movies, a literary se seven thematic parts, and these are further the settled regions of Canada through 1840. quel, a television series, and made-for-TV divided into roughly chronological chapters Sandra Alston and Jessica Bowslaugh offer films, represents the near fulfillment of the and sections. Many sections include short a statistical analysis of Canadian printing "corporate synergy" that was promised by case studies to illustrate a particular example through 1840, charting press output by dec Simon's work with Wilson's text. Brier aims of the theme at hand: these are integrated well ade, province, and subject area. Just about to rescue the text from simplistic treatments into the overall flow of the text, and make every imaginable aspect of the book produc which fail to understand it in the context of for pleasant interludes between the longer tion chain is covered: paper, printing, binding, technological growth, demographic change, essay-length chapters. The volumes open with illustration, distribution, you name it. and the Cold War. He asserts, "Pry ton Place is a detailed chronology of the developments Yvan Lamonde and Andrea Rotundo's an unlikely symbol of institutional continuity, in Canadian print culture covered within and essay "The Book Trade and Bookstores," and the story of its success, typically used to an introduction by the editors to frame any provides an in-depth look at auction, whole validate narratives of postwar cultural rupture volume-specific goals and considerations. sale and retail bookselling practices; Karen and decline, argue in favor of casting those Volume One, "Beginnings to 1840," begins Smith, Gilles Gallichan, and Earl Swanick narratives aside" (105). even before the arrival of print culture in ably tackle the early social, community, gov what would become Canada, with a fascinat ernment and institutional libraries in British Marianne Cotugno ing essay by Cornelius J. Jaenen on "Native Canada. The volume concludes with an excel Miami Universiry, Ohio Culture and Inscribed Discourse," in which he lent chapter called "Literary Cultures," which concludes that "although the North American contains essays comparing the literary scenes =====f'> Native peoples had neither paper nor print in Newfoundland/Labrador, the Maritime technology, they were able to achieve most of Provinces, Quebec, and Lower and Upper Patricia Lockhart Fleming, Gilles Gallichan, the objectives of writing and printing to the Canada through 1840. Yvan Lamonde, eds. History if the Book in satisfaction of their own cultural imperatives. Volume I is weakest in dealing with per Canada, Volume One: Beginnings to 1840. To We are only now beginning to recognize the sonallibraries and book collectors, which are ronto: University of Toronto Press, 2004. ingenuity of Native systems of signification" covered in a scant ten pages comprised of xxix, 540p., ill. ISBN 0802089437. $C87.00. (1:18). four separate short essays. While little may Yvan Lamonde, Patricia Lockhart Flem Fran<;ois Melan<;on packs much into his be known about many of these collections ing, Fiona A. Black, eds. History if the Book short chapter "The Book in New France," or the people who built them, surely there's in Canada, Volume Two: 1840-1918. Toronto: examining the wide-ranging and long-felt more to be said than simply quantifying University of Toronto Press, 2005. xxxiii, consequences of the lack of a printing press libraries based on their subject matter and 659p., ill. ISBN 080208012X. $C97.00. in the colony. Among these were "complete publication dates. Carole Gerson, Jacques Michon, eds. His dependence on French presses" for produc The second volume, which covers the tory if the Book in Canada, Volume Three: 1918- tion of printed works, which "hindered the period 1840-1918, tracks the maturation of 1980. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, development of a colonial literature around Canadian book culture "within a broader 2007. xxxiv, 638p., ill. ISBN 0802090478. and through which a learned collective identity framework of imported print" (II:xviii). $C93.00. Each volume published simultane distinct from that of the metropole could Nonetheless, the volume's editors maintain, ously in French by Les Presses de l'Universite have taken shape," as well as "control by the "patterns set in the early years were durable de Montreal. authorities of the monarch of the production ... printing in many languages, the impor of documents relative to the colony." (1:46- tance of regional presses, and a constant The three impressive volumes that com 47). The lack of a press by no means meant exchange between print and power" (II: prise the History if the Book in Canada / Histoire the absence of books, however; Melan<;on xviii). As befits its time period, the volume's du livre et de I'imprime au Canada (HBiC/HLIC) tracks import practices, auctions, and the contributors are mostly concerned with are a monumental accomplishment in na establishment of government and religious technological and structural shifts withing tional studies of book history. Published libraries. The section ends with a case study the printing and publishing industry, though simultaneously in English and French by the by Gilles Gallichan on the library at the Col the long debate over Canadian copyright University of Toronto Press and Les Presses lege de jesuites, which was established in 1635 recognition is also covered in some depth. de l'Universite de Montreal, HBiC is the and became the "richest and most important While the emergence of public libraries is ... / 8
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... / 7 treated well, once again personal libraries get The HBiC project also included the devel Janet B. Friskney. New Canadian Library: The short shrift Gust six pages here). Perhaps the opment of five databases which may be of Ross-McClelland Years, 1952-1978. Toronto: most interesting essay in this volume is Elaine interest to SHARPists: Bibliography of the University of Toronto Press, 2007. xviii, 284 Hoag's, on the shipboard printing carried out History of the Book in Canada ("publications p., ill. ISBN 9780802097460. US$45 / £28 during the search for the vanished explorer on the history of print culture in Canada [cloth]. Sir John Franklin. Presses aboard five ships from the sixteenth century to the present"); from 1850-1854 were used to create mes Canadian Book Catalogues ("publicly ac Canada continues to contribute to the sages to the Franklin party - distributed by cessible printed catalogues relating to book boom in academic publishing on book his balloon - but also were put to use for printing history and print culture in Canada from its tory subjects. Friskney's book is another in newspapers, announcements, playbills, and beginnings to 1950"); Canadian Book Trade the productive University of Toronto series even a catalog of the library aboard H.M.S. and Library Index ("comprehensive record Studies in Book and Print Culture. Like the Assistance. of individuals and organizations relating to series it studies, New Canadian Library makes The final volume brings the story forward the book and allied trades in Canada"); Ca available a significant body of material and to 1980, with that year chosen as an entirely nadian Imprints ("bibliographic records of makes possible much further study. legitimate stopping point, for a variety of rea all known imprints, excluding newspapers, The New Canadian Library (NCL) was "a sons, including "the need to maintain a certain from the Atlantic Provinces, Quebec and quality paperback series of literary reprints historical distance from the object of study, Ontario from 1752 to 1840"); and Canadian that gathered together works either written limitations of space, and the symbolic nature Textbooks ("bibliographic descriptions of by Canadians or set in Canada and first issued of that year," marking "increasing economic Canadian textbooks, encompassing print between the eighteenth and twentieth centu globalization, the growing cultural dominance materials used in Canadian schools, outside ries" (3). Though the NCL was ultimately a of mass media, developments in electronic Quebec, prior to university-level education"). "collective enterprise" (15), the main players communication, and the coming digital These are available via Dalhousie University, behind the series were Canadian publisher revolution" (III:9). The twentieth century saw at
SHARP NEWS VOL. 20, No.3 SUMMER 2011 Ql 9
Conference on the Canadian Novel of 1978, Friskney's New Canadian Library is a rich The comprehensive nature of this volume the event that marked the formal end of the and readable book, thoroughly researched, was possible because of a very long friend first phase of the history of the New Cana effectively organized, and clearly written. ship between author and bibliographer. For dian Library" (16). The book maintains a tight focus, making the over forty years, Merrill "without fail, passed McClelland and Stewart (M&S) entered treatment of some aspects of its subject un on that slight printed broadside or leaflet cautiously into the venture. The series largely fortunately brief. But within its narrow focus or book, when they appeared," (xi) to fel created its own market, since before its pub it succeeds and provides much raw material low Amherst alumnus Jack Hagstrom. The lication the market for Canadian books in for others to do more with. Those interested fruit of this partnership was first realized Canada had been small and short lived. in the history of the publishing, reading, and in "James Merrill: A Bibliographical Check Financial concerns repeatedly affected the literary criticism of Canadian literature in list" which was compiled by Hagstrom and cultural and educational ambitions of the Canada will find the book especially useful. George Bixby in 1983 (American Book Collector, series and compromised Ross's representa Friskney should be applauded both for what Nov.-Dec. 1983). The "Checklist" was a mere tive vision. (He desired further publication she has accomplished and for what she has 13 pages long and gave, with few exceptions, of plays, original works, and translations into made possible; her book could be used as only brief descriptions of each entry. English of French Canadian texts, for exam model and inspiration for writing the rest of Hagstrom would later team up with archi ple.) Ross was responsible for title selection, the NCL story. The cover art mimicking the val consultant Bill Morgan on this publica though many others proposed titles and his look of the earliest published NCL volumes tion. Morgan is perhaps best known for his recommendations could be denied by M&S. is a nice touch. work as Allen Ginsberg's personal archivist Ross read every proposed title and either Corey J. Zwikstra and bibliographer and has written extensively rejected it outright or brought it to M&S Washburn University, Kansas on Ginsberg's life. Together Hagstrom and for further consideration. M&S could reject Morgan created a work that includes ten titles for various practical reasons, including =====M bibliographic sections and four appendices. length or marketability. Friskney tells the A full 150 pages are devoted to Merrill's story of the only major disagreement over a Hagstrom, Jack W C. and Bill Morgan. James books, pamphlets, and broadsides alone. But title between Ross and McClelland: Leonard Ingram Merrill.' A Descriptive Bibliograpl?J. New there are also sections on his translations, Cohen's novel Beautiful Losers. The two men Castle, DE: Oak Knoll Press, 2009. xiv, 421p., interviews, musical settings for his poems went back and forth, with McClelland for frontispiece. ISBN 9781584562641. $95. and prose, and even a 25-page section on and Ross quite against, but in the end Ross inscriptions in books recorded in book dealer triumphed and the book was not published. The task of creating an excellent descrip or auction catalogues. However, Cohen's novel became the first tive bibliography is a daunting one. It takes The level of detail is also amazing. After new title published in the series after Ross's time, patience, focus, and a measure of good the 1983 "Checklist," descriptions were retirement. luck. Beyond the major publications, the fleshed out and given their full due in this Reviews of the series were positive, though bibliographer must account for correspond latest publication. Modeled after Bloomfield the literary merit of individual volumes was ence and all manner of ephemera scattered and Mendelson's W. H. Auden: A Bibliograpl?J debated and some reviewers thought the among any number of libraries and private (University Press of Virginia, 1972) in form, series focused too much on· novels. By the collections. To add to this challenge, fewer content, and thoroughness, Hagstrom and late 1960s the series had succeeded in getting descriptive bibliographies are published each Morgan leave no stone unturned. For Mer the word out about Canadian literature, and year. Only a dozen were published in 2009, rill's books, for instance, they include the throughout the 1970s more Canadian univer according to World Cat. It is a pleasant surprise edition, a quasi-facsimile description of the sities were offering more courses in Canadian therefore that publishers like Oak Knoll Press title-page, a collation, a colophon description, literature, often using NCL volumes to do so. continue to support this scholarship and that a description of the binding or "casing," a Success of the books in the classroom also libraries continue to add them to their collec description of the dust jacket, the paper, subsequently meant a greater trade market tions. When done well like this volume, they pagination, contents, publication date, includ for those same readers. Success of the N CL are an invaluable research tool. This Bibliog ing the month and day if possible, price, and volumes in academic contexts facilitated pub rapl?J will be essential reading for any scholar number of copies. And perhaps most useful lication of new critical books and periodicals doing work on Merrill in the future. to the researcher, Hagstrom and Morgan end on Canadian literature. Friskney emphasizes, James Merrill (1926-1995) was one of the most entries with "Notes" that give indis however, that the NCL did not prescribe a leading literary figures in America before his pensible information about the work; often canon of Canadian literature (although Mc untimely death. He was best known for his from Merrill correspondence that would be Clelland's thinking became more canonical poetry, for which he received every major hard to track down. by the 1978 conference, to the displeasure award, including a Pulitzer Prize for Divine It is a joy and privilege to work with a of Ross). Many canonical texts were never Comedies. But he also wrote three works of descriptive bibliography of this high caliber. reprinted in the series, and some of its titles prose, two novels, and several dramas. Merrill's Merrill would, no doubt, be quite pleased never achieved canonical status. The canoni literary output is nothing short of amazing. with the final product. cal status of NCL texts is a complex matter, For bibliographers to take on the work of as involving original date of publication, sales, sembling and describing in minute detail all of Doug Denne and literary critical reputation. this output is amazing in and of itself. Hanover College, Indiana
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Ann Hollinshead Hurley and Chanita Good women's writing. Though perhaps not intro Jackson's perspective draws on his reading of blatt, eds. Women Editing/Editing Women: EarlY duced or contextualized as fully as they might Pierre Bourdieu, who emphasizes the social, Modern Women Writers and the New Textualism. have been, these reprinted articles serve as cultural and symbolic dimensions of capital Newcastle-upon-Tyne: Cambridge Schol an important primer to the linked disciplines ("What Makes a Social Class," 1987). Henry ars Publishing, 2009. xi, 295p., ill. ISBN brought together in this volume and give Longfellow's parents, for example, paid hard 9781443801782. £44.99 / US$67.99. novices and experts alike an overview of key cash (economic capital) for the private edu scholarly debates and critical texts. cation that helped bring him the cultural and As the opening acknowledgements page The concluding six articles then put these symbolic capital that comes with teaching at points out, this collection of fourteen essays foundational pieces into a more contempo Harvard (34). Jackson deploys anthropolo was "initiated" at the 2006 SHARP annual rary context and practice: readers learn about gist Karl Polyani's term "embeddedness" to conference (ix). In many ways, the published the specifics of the online editing of the describe literary relations of the 1820s and volume that emerged out of a panel of papers manuscript of one female writer, for example, 30s as tightly interwoven with rituals such as is a model of what SHARP prides itself on; and consider the many factors that go into the courtship, charity, and patronage. During this it is interdisciplinary and international in its editing of a collection of women's writing or period, writers generally practiced additional scope and content, and it draws on the work early modern poetry. The final article about trades in order to make ends meet. By the of both noted scholars and newer voices from noted but nonetheless enigmatic female edi 1840s, Jackson acknowledges, the literary within and outside academia. tor Evelyn Simpson serves to highlight the market turned professional, as periodicals Women Editing concerns itself with two re evolution of early modern editing and remind such as Godry's Lacfy's Book and Harper's New lated dilemmas critics and editors face: how to us of the concerns of female academics over MonthlY Magazine offered ready money to their edit the work of early women writers with lit the last half century. As we conclude Women contributors. tle or no extant biographical data, and how to Editing, we also learn, indeed, the important Explaining that writing of the early re work through the similarly sparse data about status of the editor and critic as a part of the publican U.S. was embedded in social rituals, the women editors who have been working "sociology" of a text. Jackson zooms in on a handful of these sys since the sixteenth century or even earlier. Stacy Erickson tems to demonstrate social embeddedness in A solution of sorts, Hurley and Goodblatt Manchester College, Indiana action. Chapter Three, ''Authorship and Gift propose, is a move toward the 'new textual Exchange;' stands out due to its extensive ism,' an approach to editing that focuses less =====£0 archival research. Here Jackson describes on an author's life and more on the material a world in which Southern hospitality, the properties of a text and the particulars of Leon Jackson. The Business if Letters: Autho claim to status based on one's treatment of its production and dissemination; with this rial Economies in Antebellum America. Stanford, acquaintances, counts for more than finan approach, they suggest, we can more fully California: Stanford University Press, 2008. cial gain. Jackson proceeds from the gifting "retrieve the sociology of texts" (xi) and un x, 331p. ISBN 9780804757058. US$35.00 procedures inherent in keeping an album of derstand how they functioned (and continue [cloth]. friends' inscriptions to those touched off by to function) as a part of their overlapping the exchange of letters. Next, he delineates socio-historical contexts. Together, the essays During the second half of the twentieth the newspaper exchange networks whereby in the volume demonstrate the useful overlaps century, American literary historians were Thomas Willis White, publisher of Rich between feminist scholarship, editorial theory, still inclined to gauge literary success largely mond, Virginia's Southern Literary Messenger, and - perhaps most familiar to SHARPists in terms of book sales. This perspective, could obtain copies of dozens of other - a focus on the "social history" of a text whose great exponent was Ohio State Uni periodicals. Such exchanges gave publishers and the many hands that shaped it during its versity's William Charvat (Literary Publishing and editors a sense of events outside their . (re)printing (xiii). in America, 1959; The Profession if Authorship region and the opportunity to reprint content An opening dialogue (or, "prologue" of inAmerica, ed. Joseph Bruccoli, 1968), rather published by their trading partners. White sorts) between Betty S. Travitsky and Anne arbitrarily sorted authors into professionals also excelled at obtaining editorials, poems, Lake Prescott, seminal names in the recovery and amateurs according to the extent to which and tales from the likes of Lydia Sigourney, of early modern women's writing, establishes they achieved a purely literary living. Compel James Russell Lowell, and Edgar Allan Poe, many of the central questions and topics of lingly nuanced challenges to Charvat have in exchange for gifts, flattery, and promises the volume to follow, including the ongoing been offered by Meredith McGill's American rather than any regularly scheduled payment. canon wars, developments in editing and Literature and the Culture if R£printing (2002) Unsurprisingly, Lowell and his peers eventu gender studies, and even the more recent and William St. Clair's The Reading Nation ally tired of writing for promises and review moves toward interdisciplinarity and digital in the Romantic Period (2004), each of which copies from the likes of White (137). editing. The first seven chapters continue the emphasizes the importance of unsanctioned A glance at twenty-first-century writing reliance on the experience and knowledge of literary publication to any understanding of lends credence to Jackson's point that earning respected names in a variety of fields: reprint nineteenth-century literature. a living from writing has rarely if ever been ed articles by scholars like Jerome McGann, In The Business if Letters, Leon Jackson authors' only motivation. Today, few Ameri Wendy Wall, and the late Mary Wroth editor helps define a paradigm shift from measuring can middle-class families lack a part-time Josephine Roberts set out the perimeters of success in purely financial terms to looking writer who can solicit readers by starting a new textualism and highlight the successes more closely at the human relations that weblog. Thus literature continues to function and challenges of critics working on early have always surrounded buying and selling. as an important element of social occasions. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/sharp_news/vol20/iss3/1 10 et al.: Volume 20, Number 3
SHARP NEWS VOL. 20, No.3 SUMMER 2011 G.l 11
Scholars responding to Jackson's study may of jilm noir that it would be valuable to know Edward Mack. Mamifacturing Modern Japanese turn their attention to subscription libraries, more about the book designers, although The Literature: Publishing, Prizes, and the Ascrip the trade in used books, and other methods Dark Page II does not offer that information. tion of Literary Value. Durham, N C: Duke of literary sharing. Jackson's detractors will Despite the attractions of The Dark Page University Press, 2010. x, 320p. ilL ISBN argue that assembling literary anecdotes does II's own design, scholars of dust jackets may 9780822346722. $US23.95. not prove the importance of literary embed find themselves unhappy with Johnson'S will dedness. Thanks, however, to its detailed ingness to play fast and loose with the actual The late nineteenth and early twentieth examination of the rules of engagement material condition of these covers. Because centuries, and the interwar era in particular, governing literary exchange, The Business of Johnson's book has a page size of 9x12 inches, represented a time of momentous growth Letters makes a vital contribution to American the photographs render monumental the more and transformation for publishing and print literary history. unassuming size of the paperback pulps. culture in Japan. In contrast to the excellent More seriously, Johnson acknowledges that scholarship on the early modern period, Jonathan Hartmann in the case of "a few extremely rare books," however, English-language readers interested The University of New Haven the photograph itself is a reconstruction of in this era have far less scholarship to which parts that "may (or may not) have involved to turn. Mack's Mamifacturing Modern Japanese =====M digital manipulation, combination of parts, Literature represents a significant step towards and other techniques" (xi). In other words, alleviating this condition, and a thoughtful Kevin Johnson. The Dark Page II: Books that some of these photographs (we are not told one at that. InspiredAmerican Film Noir [1950-1965}. New which ones) construct an eclectic version of The central theme of Mack's study is that Castle, DE: Oak Knoll Press, 2009. xii, 252p., the material book. While this may not pose 'modern Japanese literature,' as a canon of ill. ISBN 9781584562597. $US95.00. a problem for a popular audience, it may works to which was ascribed a literary value (or may not) drive an academic audience to supposedly both inherent and enduring, did More coffee table book than scholarly distraction. not emerge naturally and spontaneously from resource, The Dark Page II aims to seduce its The value of Johnson's book lies in the the quality of the works; rather, it was con readership with oversized, full color repro groundwork he has done to link book source structed ('manufactured') by the publishing ductions of the covers of first edition books to film. Some of the bibliographical entries and literary elites of Tokyo, who employed a that were the sources for American jilm noir contain fascinating insight into the process of variety of strategies - first and foremost liter produced between 1950 and 1965. Assembled how Hollywood acquired and adapted these ary prizes and multivolume anthologies - to by Kevin Johnson, an antiquarian bookseller literary sources, as in the case of director Ni formulate and cement this amorphous cat in Baltimore, MD, The Dark Page II is the cholas Ray's radical transformation of Gerard egory. The argument itself is not new within second volume of a projected three volume Butler's Mad with Much Heart (1945) into the Japanese scholarship, and its underpinnings series examining the literary sources for film On Dangerous Ground (1952). Other entries considering the emergence of a national American crime cinema: the earlier volume reveal a two-tiered process, where the novel readership and the experience of modernity covered the 1940s, while a potential third is written simultaneously with the production will be familiar to book history scholars else volume will extend the treatment through of the film, as in Samuel Fuller's novel and where, but the work's strengths do not lie in 1975. film The Naked Kiss (both released in 1964). its theoretical articulation. Instead, it is the In this volume, Johnson's methodology Some of these first book editions follow a thorough and careful case-studies which offer is to place a three dimensional photograph prior magazine serialization, something of a rich experience venturing into the literary of a book jacket (including its spine) on the interest to many scholars of magazine culture; landscape of the time. recto, balanced on the verso by brief descrip although Johnson'S bibliography occasionally In Chapter 1, Mack sketches the socio tive bibliographical entries about both the indicates a prior magazine source, this is not cultural context, stressing how the discourse book and the film inspired by it. This works a focus of the book. of 'modern life,' which emphasized a rupture well aesthetically, mainly due to the distinc There's certainly a great deal of archival with the past and simultaneously afforded tive graphic design of the dust jackets and work for scholars to do in the fields of book consumer culture a central role in society, paperback covers of American mid-century jacket design and also with regard to Hol cleared the way for the mass production of crime fiction. For example, the jacket design lywood's entanglement with the publishing contemporary texts understood to speak to for Frank Gruber's 1948 hard-boiled mystery, industry. The Dark Page II will be a helpful that context. This production was in turn The Lock and the Kry, (source for the 1956 starting place for those interested in dust enabled by the concentration of the pub film The Man in the Vaul~ juxtaposes a blurry jackets, crime fiction,jilm noir, and cross-media lishing industry in Tokyo, modern printing spray-painted key against an otherwise stark adaptation. But I have to agree with William technology, and the notion of a national and linear three-color cover; the design for Beard's 2010 review in the Papers of the Biblio marketplace. Chapter 2 tracks the impact on Dorothy B. Hughes's 1947 In a LonelY Place graphical Society of Canada (48, no.2: 341-343): Tokyo's print culture of the devastating Great (source for the 1950 film by the same name) The Dark Page II is primarily a fetching piece Kanto Earthquake in 1923. Mack concludes places its silhouetted male figure in the far dis of "biblio-pornography." that the publishing industry's flexible char tance against abstract color-blocks, evoking acter enabled it not only to recover quickly the Hollywood alienation Humphrey Bogart Catherine W Hollis but rapidly to achieve new growth, taking suffers from in the film version. The dust U. C. Berkelry Extension the opportunity to acquire new technology jackets so obviously utilize the visual signifiers and expand distribution networks. Ultimately ... /12 Published by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst, 2011 11 SHARP News, Vol. 20, No. 3 [2011], Art. 1
12 .to SUMMER 2011 SHARP NEWS VOL. 20, No.3
... /11 the monumental rebuilding of Tokyo only civilized person, driving legions of Japanese tastes were clearly not wholly insular, for reinforced its position as the center of Japan's students to bookstores in the interwar era. he owned three copies of the The Prince in print culture. Chapter 3 takes up the creation On a more technical note, the absence of any Italian. Petrina convincingly challenges "the and selling of Kaizosha's Complete Works 0/ Japanese characters or a glossary is regret widespread but perhaps ill-founded belief Contemporary Japanese Iiterature, a multivolume table, and the bibliography is missing some that Machiavelli was not well known in Eng anthology which established a canon of con major Japanese scholars of print culture. land" (24). She shows that his writings were temporary works and made them available to These quibbles should not, however, also discussed in Scotland, but that he had a mass audience at an affordable price, in the detract from an otherwise excellent work of less influence there. Neither Machiavelli's process imbuing them with cultural value and scholarship which pulls together analytical defenders nor his critics, she contends, were situating them within the conceptual frame strands from print culture and literature and "troubled" by the problem of reconciling The work of modernity and nation as 'modern offers a meaningful contribution to English Prince with the Discourses (4). The latter book Japanese literature.' Chapter 4 then narrows language scholarship. I heartily recommend is commonly seen as expressing its author's in on the discourse of cultural value itself. it. real political commitment to republicanism. Departing from the prior focus on publish Andrew Kamei-Dyche Petrina interestingly argues that to "describe ing, the chapter constitutes a discussion of U niversiry if Southern California Machiavelli as by predilection a republican literary criticism and introduces readers to the remains an unwarranted assumption" (32). major debates of the interwar literary world. Slips and problems are minor. The Index is This serves as a transition to the final chapter, =====M a bit short (pp. 285-9) and is largely confined which treats the Akutagawa and Naoki Prizes to the names of people ('republic(s), and 're and their role in perpetuating particular forms Alessandra Petrina. Machiavelli in the British publicanism' are absent, for example.) Petrina of cultural value and of modern Japanese Isles. Two EarlY Modern Translations 0/ 'The is not always correct in translating from Latin. literature as a conceptual entity. Prince.' Farnham, UK, and Burlington, "Ludovicus ftliu~ tantarum virtutum, non tantum Mamifacturing Modern Japanese Iiterature is a USA: Ashgate, 2009. Anglo-Italian Renais sanguinis haeres" (87) is rendered as "Ludovick, thoughtful and careful treatment of these is sance Studies Series. xx, 289p., ill. ISBN his son and heir of his many virtues, if not sues. Far from endorsing simple conceptions 9780754666974. $104.95. of the blood" (88n2), but the last words in of the modern, Mack exposes the continui fact mean "not onlY heir of his blood;" no ties underlying the discourse of rupture and This is a splendidly researched and lucidly implication of bastardy was intended. Petrina newness, and the contests over value and written discussion of Machiavelli's influence observes that Patrick F. Tytler referred to a meaning that lurked behind the literary estab in the British Isles before 1640, when the first letter from James VI's physician John Craig to lishment's veneer of supposedly objective and printed translation of The Prince into English Tycho Brahe, which Tytler said was in "'a little widely-endorsed ascription of cultural value appeared - the work of Edward Dacres. Four work'" "entitled, 'Commercium Literarium to selected works. The case studies that make earlier translations survive in a total of eight Clarorum Virorum'" (76). She states that "I up the chapters are insightful and in some manuscripts, dating to the sixteenth century. have been unable to identify the 'little work' cases represent the first in-depth discussions One was published by Hardin Craig in 1944. Tytler alludes to." The book - Commercium Iit of some of these in English. Mack displays a This volume includes critical editions of two erarium Clarorum Virorum (ed. Rudolf August solid grasp of the major writers and critics at others. The first was made by the Scottish Nolte, Brunswick 1737) is now available on the time, and makes use of a range of sources man of letters William Fowler, who became Coogle Books, but perhaps this was not so when to convincingly portray both the literary de secretary to Queen Anne around 1593, and Petrina wrote. She says that Ane Discourse tu bates and nuts-and-bolts of the publishing whose nephew was William Drummond of iching the Estait Present in October Anno Domini. industry at a time of profound change. Hawthornden. Petrina devotes a chapter to 1571 (St Andrews 1572) "is not entered" in The work is not without its drawbacks. Fowler's biography. She argues that the best STC (36n145). But it is STC 6909.5. These Mack only cursorily mentions Iwanami Sho of the translations was not Fowler's but the are minor imperfections. Petrina's book is a ten, a publishing house which played a crucial version in a manuscript at the Queen's Col major scholarly contribution to the history role in creating much of the structure of lege, Oxford. This translation is also included of Machiavelli's influence in sixteenth and modern Japanese literary production. Their in the book. Petrina suggests that the hand early-seventeenth century Britain, and more bunko bon (pocketbook) series was not just a writing dates to the 1590s, but notes that in generally to the history of intellectual and collection, but an innovative book format other respects the manuscript is mysterious, cultural relations between Italy and Britain which quickly evolved into an industry stand and the translator unknown. in the early modern period. ard. Iwanami also popularized the concept In addition to providing texts of the two of zenshu (collected works), most notably translations, and a biography of Fowler, Johann Sommerville through the landmark collected works of Petrina also presents a great deal of informa U niversiry if Wisconsin, Madison Natsume Soseki. There is little consideration tion about references to Machiavelli and his of the intellectual movements at the time writings in sixteenth and early seventeenth although these were often bound up with century Britain, and about ownership of the literary developments, and in the case of the Florentine's works. Chief Justice Sir Edward Iryqyoshugi self-cultivation movement explicitly Coke insisted on the insularity as well as the situated reading as the path to developing a excellence of English laws, but his literary
https://scholarworks.umass.edu/sharp_news/vol20/iss3/1 12 et al.: Volume 20, Number 3
SHARP NEWS VOL. 20, No.3 SUMMER 2011 G.l 13
John H. Pollack, ed. (The Good Education oj or forward-thinking opinions, and concession tions circuit that has come to anchor the Youth':' Worlds oj Learning in the Age if Frank ary, acknowledging that his views were not field, even as he produces a refined, current lin. New Castle, DE: Oak Knoll Press, 2009. unequivocally ones acceptable in the present model of how authors' ideas make their way Co-published with University of Pennsylvania day. William C. Kashatus links Franklin's secu to readers. (Darnton is cited chiefly because Libraries. x, 348p., ill. ISBN 9781584562627. lar views about instruction to earlier Quaker of his expertise on recent issues such as the US$49.95. educational practices, thereby indicating his Google books settlement.) Motivated by the views represented continuity rather than a profound differences evident in publishing Occasioned by the tercentenary of Ben radical departure from his contemporaries; over the course of the twentieth century, jamin Franklin's birth, this volume brings to Van Horne observes that while Franklin and John B. Thompson considers how popular gether three projects on American education his wife indicated support for educating Af or trade books come to be and how new and during the years from 1680 into the 1820s. rican-Americans, they owned a slave whose emergent technologies change this process. More specifically, the editorial focus is on name does not appear on the rosters of a Drawing on Bourdieu, Thompson uses the educational philosophies, practices, and places school formed in 1758 for that purpose; and concept of fields, which further entails sev in the Delaware Valley area, a region that Carla Mulford establishes Franklin's earnest eral sorts of capital, to analyze the present connects the Philadelphia environs and parts support for women's education while noting, day publishing industry. Each party to the of Delaware and New Jersey. Eight scholarly 'it would take many years before educational process - publishers, agents, booksellers, and essays, an exhibition catalogue, and a photo opportunities evolved into public service op so on - both exerts influence and is limited by graphic essay documenting extant schools of portunities for women' (102). others' aims and by the conventions of that the era are the book's major components. As Collectively, the essays and images address particular professional and cultural domain. such diffuse content might suggest, different core questions about education in the history This combination of critical perspective purposes orient each section and suit differ of the United States. Who learned to read? and carefully honed source matter confirms ent readers. With abundant reproductions of How and under what circumstances was lit certain trends, enhancing our knowledge with primary source material and photographs of eracy - construed both as reading and writing telling details, and refutes myths by revealing school buildings, the volume shows as well as skills, and contextualized by other kinds of nuances or articulating as yet shifting practic it tells the story of the education of young knowledge - a shared skill? Where were young es. Thompson's book, part corporate history, people in the USA. people taught and what circumstances af part industry analysis, and part theoretically The unifying aim is to situate Franklin's fected their education? The answers provided inclined effort to understand the future of writings and publications in the context by The Good Education oj Youth are more than the publishing industry and the book, covers of his contemporaries and to look for the simply varied, yet ultimately affirm Franklin a great deal of intellectual terrain in order to lasting implications of his work, both for as an influential figure who helped to establish establish the field's norms. He eschews gen the University of Pennsylvania and more the importance of literacy for young people eralizations where practices differ, using the broadly. As editor John H. Pollack observes and to a civil society. variations to enhance his interpretations. in the introduction, this scholarship explores Thompson examines the intricacies of "what education meant in Franklin's time Jennifer Burek Pierce individual perspectives and the broad reach and what its legacy might be" (3). The chief University rif Iowa of the Anglo-American print market alike. interest of understanding Franklin's com This account is drawn from hundreds of mitment to educational issues is to position =====Bi) recent interviews with professionals whose him as a pivotal and influential figure in identities are, for the most part, not revealed. the development of American education. John B. Thompson. Merchants oj Culture: The His book ranges between scholarly theories Michael Zuckerman's analysis, for example, Publishing Business in the Twenty-First Century. like constructivism, employed in the argu demonstrates that Franklin deserves as much Cambridge, UK: Polity Press, 2010. viii,432p. ment that bestsellers are created rather than credit as Thomas Jefferson is often given for ISBN 9780745647869. US $25.00. inherently powerful narratives, and distinc forming the vanguard of educational thought tions between industry terms like 'buzz' in this country. In 1982, Robert Darnton outlined the and 'hype.' In doing so, Thompson's book Franklin's 1749 "Proposals Relating to communications circuit as a means of reigning considers how contemporary case-studies fit the Good Education of Youth" plays a in 'interdisciplinarity run riot' (67). Attention into a much, much larger picture. He notes, pivotal part in this, articulating a perspective to one or more aspects of the continuous, for example, the effect of the 2008 financial on learning that enjoins practical knowledge dynamic processes involved in making an idea crisis on publishing, seeing it as motivating with the good of the community. Accordingly, into a book, Darnton argued, brings disparate change within the industry, along with new contributors reflect on historical scholarship projects conducted under the aegis of history technologies. on Franklin and examine his attitudes toward of the book into focus. Tliis framework, he As Merchants if Culture made The Chronicle instruction in English rather than Latin, a contended, provided for the study of print if Higher Education's 'Geeks at the Beach' matter regarded, essentially, as a trope for culture of any era yet, not surprisingly, any list aune 5, 2011) of 'intriguing summer elitism; toward the education of women, number of minor or grand revisions has been reads ... about technology'S [sic] turning so African-Americans, and immigrants; and proposed. ciety upside down,' this treatise on the book, toward the administration of educational The author of Merchants oj Culture: The past and present, is one that even colleagues institutions. Their findings are alternately Publishing Business in the Twenty-First Century, without that recognizable 'glint in their eyes' positive, showing Franklin to hold egalitarian a sociologist, never invokes the communica- might read (Darnton, 62). As such, this title '" / 14 Published by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst, 2011 13 SHARP News, Vol. 20, No. 3 [2011], Art. 1
14 £0 SUMMER 2011 SHARP NEWS VOL. 20, No.3
... / 13 might influence our conversations in the field history, or producing biographies of 'women phant, who signed or initialed her reviews and and our discussions with others whose inter worthies,' female critics sought to establish a was a prolific novelist, nevertheless supported est in the circulation of books and ideas stems distinguished tradition of women's writing. anonymous reviewing, in part to protect from rather different rationales. Written to Early in the nineteenth century, Jewsbury and women from adfeminam attacks. And, to come demonstrate that 'the book has proven to be Coleridge used reviews of Austen's novels full circle, Oliphant and Mary Augusta Ward a most satisfying and resilient cultural form as occasions to laud distinctively feminine - still referred to by contemporary critics as .. , not likely to disappear soon' (399-400), contributions to the development of the Mrs. Humphrey Ward - defended Jane Austen Merchants of Culture indicates that changes in novel, countering criticism of female novel against the sentimental view promulgated by publishing are far from signaling the end of ists' limitations. But they also wrote more her heirs with a skeptical reviews of James the book. broadly on feminine aesthetics - particularly Edward Austen-Leigh's A Memoir of Jane Jennifer Burek Pierce comparative studies of male and female poets Austen and Other FamilY Recollections (1870). University of Iowa - and reviewed histories and biographies of As Wilkes notes, these largely-forgotten distinguished women. The literary historians nineteenth-century female reviewers of Jane =====£0 Lawrance, Williams, and Kavanagh added to Austen solidified her canonical status with this endeavor by bringing substantial archival critical insights which have since become the Joanne Wilkes. Women Reviewing Women in research to bear on original works, such as orthodoxy in Austen criticism. Nineteenth-Century Britain: the Critical Recep Lawrance's History of the Memoirs of the Queens tion of Jane Austen, Charlotte Bronte, and George of England (1838) and History of Woman and Christine L. Krueger Eliot. Farnham, U.K. and Burlington, VT: Her Influence on Society and Literature (1843), Marquette University Ashgate Publishing, 2010. x, 183p. ISBN Mozley'S Tales of Female Heroism (1846), Wil 9780754663362 (hardback: alk. paper), £55; liams's The literary Women of England (1861), ISBN 9780754698579 (ebook), £49.50. and Kavanagh's French Women of Letters (1861). These works were in dialectic with periodical The longtime project of recovering wom reviews of female novelists and poets. en's writing is far from complete, as Joanne Creating a female canon went hand in The International Society for the Empiri Wilkes's Women Reviewing Women in Nineteenth hand with debates over such gendered criti cal Study of Literature (IGEL) has just an Century Britain makes clear. The subtitle of this cal standards as "delicacy" and "modesty," as nounced publication of the inaugural issue of study does not do justice to the wide range of well as over female writers' powers of em Scientific Stucfy of Literature (SSOL). Produced subjects and genres treated; although Wilkes pathy and attention to detail, and ultimately, by John Benjamins Publishing Company, this gives significant attention to female critics' whether there was such a thing as a gendered new journal will publish empirical studies assessment of Austen, Bronte, and Eliot, authorial stance tied to biological sex and/ or that apply scientific methods to the study of she also discusses biographies, histories, art social position. The French writers treated by the structure and function of literature. For histories, and works of literary theory written Kavanagh certainly challenged British notions this venue, literature is broadly defined as by women. In addition to relatively accessible of delicacy, as did the writings of the Bronte all cultural artefacts that use literary devices, printed books, evidence for Wilkes's argu sisters. Female critics were hardly in agree such as narrative genre, stylistic variations, ment comes from periodicals, a challenging ment on these matters. George Eliot posed and figurative language. The domain includes genre for researchers given the practice of the greatest challenge to male and female crit novels, short stories, and poetry, but also anonymous reviewing and the meddling of ics alike. Anne Mozley built an argument on theatre, film, television, and digital media. periodical editors. Taken together, these ma internal evidence for a female author of the The journal welcomes contributions from any terials reveal a richly diverse body of critical anonymously published Adam Bede. Mozley, discipline that supports systematic empirical work by women sharing distinctive attention who concealed her own identity by reviewing studies (including neuroscience, psychology, to gender as a defining feature of nineteenth anonymously, drew on her wide experience sociology, anthropology, history, and educa century authorship. reviewing fiction and poetry - including that tion). Interdisciplinary efforts are expected to Following her introduction, Wilkes de of Austen and Bronte - to argue that "the have a prominent role, and, to flesh out this votes chapters to Maria Jane Jewsbury and position of the writer [of Adam Bede] to role, studies in book history that systemati Sara Coleridge; the literary historians Hannah wards every point in discussion is a woman's cally examine empirical evidence would also Lawrance, Jane Williams, and Julia Kavanagh; position, that is, from a stand of observation be welcome. Anne Mozley; and Margaret Oliphant and rather than more active participation" (106). The journal's general editor is Willie Mary Augusta Ward. Wilkes discusses each of Yet, Wilkes's careful analyses of Mozley'S van Peer (Universitat Munchen), a veteran these figures in considerable detail, and rather extensive corpus reveal her complex view of advocate of empirical studies of literature. than attempt a summary of each chapter, I the diversity of female authorial positions. Raymond Mar (York University [Canada]), will highlight key points of her argument We are on our way to both Virginia Woolf's Max Louwerse (University of Memphis), and developed across the study. androgynous authorial ideal and twentieth Joan Peskin (University of Toronto) are cur The formation of a canon of women writ century ecriture feminine. rently associate editors. The editorial board, ers is Wilkes's overarching concern. Whether Finally, Wilkes gives considerable attention as might be expected, is diverse, including through developing critical standards which to the various ways in which the critics she Stephen Pinker (language and evolution), privilege practices of female novelists, docu treats necessarily reflected on their own status James Pennebaker (language style and iden menting the accomplishments of women in as female authors. For example, Margaret Oli- tity), Raymond Gibbs (linguistics and figura- https://scholarworks.umass.edu/sharp_news/vol20/iss3/1 14 et al.: Volume 20, Number 3
SHARP NEWS VOL. 20, No.3 SUMMER 2011 GalS
tive language), Art Graesser (computational To donate by mail, please send a check There is a link to the transcription meth linguistics), and David Hanauer (social func (made payable to Rare Book School) to: ods and policies, which is very useful when tions of poetry). reading through the papers. The transcription The inaugural issue of the journal has Rare Book School notes are unobtrusively incorporated into the articles offering guidelines for the extension 114 Alderman Library text. For instance, when a word within the of scientific methods and procedures to Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA manuscript is illegible, "[illegible]" appears studies of literature. Authors include Rachel in blue ink and brackets. Similarly, when the Giora, Richard Gerrig, Keith Oatley, Gerald To donate online, please go to the RBS names of people, places, or events appear Cupchik, Melanie Green, David Miall, and website:
Published by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst, 2011 15 SHARP News, Vol. 20, No. 3 [2011], Art. 1
16 ro SUMMER 2011 SHARP NEWS VOL. 20, No.3
... / 15 providing full access for all those interested in proceedings, or to search across all collec and no additional newspapers have been seeing and reading the original documents. tions. The default search is a basic keyword digitized by the project group in recent years. search. Advanced searches of the newspaper The expense, time, and expertise involved in April Anderson can make use of, for instance, encoding of creating rigorously digitized newspapers are California State University, San Marcos personal and place names as well as encod tremendous. Even with its imperfections, the ing that identifies newspaper content as DailY Dispatch is superior to mass-digitization an article, death notice, advertisement, or newspaper projects in its textual accuracy and =====~ marriage announcement. Users interested in presentation, and it is the most thoughtful reading or browsing the Dispatch, rather than digitization effort of an American newspaper Chris Kemp, et al. University of Richmond searching, can access content by date. Brows currently available. Libraries. Richmond DailY Dispatch, 1860-1865. ing allows users to view both transcriptions University of Richmond.
SHARP NEWS VOL. 20, No.3 SUMMER 2011 00 17
understatement. Having been written out in to the viewer's imaginary reconstruction of Malraux, de Beauvoir, Faulkner, and Kerouac, an elegant formal hand known as nastaliq, its a long and glorious history of heroes, but to name but a few. The exhibition, jointly calligraphic text is fluid on the page - yet its by adhering to this particularly normal order prepared by the Bibliotheque nationale and pages display evidence of errors in 'casting the exhibition does not capitalize on the rare Gallimard, chronicles the success story of off' the relative space required by words opportunity that a book in leaves provides for Gaston Gallimard and his heirs, whose liter and images. Having remained unfinished thematic or noncontiguous (or, in the world ary tastes, entrepreneurial flair, and abilities by its original Persian makers, many of its of the poem, trans-historical) juxtaposition to reinvent themselves without losing sight illustrations were completed or augmented and discussion. Perhaps, too, the inclusion of of what made their identity - the timeless by Indian artists - yet its visual accounts other works might have added a comparative red, black, and ivory cover of the "Blanche" of love and war seem to cohere effortlessly dimension to the one manuscript on display. collection, virtually unchanged since it was across its 400 leaves. Having passed through On the other hand, the exhibition's hefty first designed in 1911 - ensured them an many royal hands, the manuscript is festooned catalogue, Muhammad Juki's Shahnamah of undisputed place in the minds of readers with imperial seals spanning almost 150 years Firdausi - written by independent scholar and and writers alike. - yet it lacks a colophon identifying the now exhibition consultant Barbara Brend - does The bulk of the exhibition consists of anonymous men who made it. Having been cover much analytical ground, for instance by roughly 350 documents and objects, most produced in the Herat region (in modern presenting the much-missed magnified details of them displayed for the very first time: day Afghanistan) during a period "generally of the illustrations, by identifying the manu autograph manuscripts (Swann's WClj and The regarded as the time when the Persian book script's mixed paper stocks, and by tracing the Second Sex among others), letters, contracts, arts reached their height," it is exemplary of history of Shahnamah illustration through a advertisement posters, video interviews, a book-making tradition par excellence - yet comparative listing of images in this and other memorabilia (an Atrnos clock offered to Gas it assimilates a variety of native and foreign key manuscripts. SHARPists and others inter ton Gallirnard by one of his most profitable influences, and in fact in its fragmented state ested in such material and codicological detail authors, Saint-Exupery). Of great interest is is barely now even a 'book.' will therefore find it useful to read through this a series of about forty readers' reports writ One wishes, then, that the Asia Society's volume before viewing the exhibition; copies ten by eminent literary figures such as Albert exhibition addressed these many complexities. are on sale in the gift shop, but the show's Camus, Raymond Queneau (whose report of Organizer Adriana Proser, the museum's John display copies are only available at the far end Marguerite Duras's The Sea Wall surprisingly H. Foster Curator for Traditional Asian Art, of the room. Several segments of the exhibi mentions Erskine Caldwell's Tobacco &ad as has adeptly explicated the content and style of tion are also available online, at
Published by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst, 2011 17 SHARP News, Vol. 20, No. 3 [2011], Art. 1
18 ro SUMMER 2011 SHARP NEWS VOL. 20, No.3
... / 17 should bear in mind that Gallimard's all created, and, in 1951, once Galdiano's collec Urfi's Diwan. This section also shows some time bestseller is not Camus's The Stranger tion was inventoried and his mansion adapted examples of Nasji writing: a Koran by Mustafa or even Saint-Exupery's The Little Prince, but for its new purpose, the Lazaro Galdiano al-Rasmi Sipahizada, an Arabic Koran with the Harry Potter series. Despite claims that Museum was opened. Persian commentaries, and Hakim Sanai's "our enterprise is not stricdy commercial," Lazaro Galdiano's book collecting pas Hadiqat al-Haqiqa. Gallimard has demonstrated, in the course sion has been an unknown aspect of his life It is important to note, however, that, of the past century, a spectacular capacity to for many years. Although Galdiano was one despite the division into "Painting" and "Cal follow - if not to lead - new literary trends, of the most important Spanish bibliophiles ligraphy," it is not always clearly discernible thereby making possible a number of major of his time, during his lifetime the extent of in which section the exhibited pieces should publishing coups. The publishing house cre his library was only known by a few friends be. In some works, text and illustration are ated its paperback imprint when it felt there and booksellers and, for many years after his interdependent (for example,Armenian Gospels was a market for it (Folio), and it opened up death, only a few scholars and researchers and Al-Yazuli's Dala'il aljqyrat); in others, as to juvenile literature at exacdy the right time had access to his book collection. Today, in Hakim Sanai's Hadiqat al-Haqiqa, they are (Gallimard Jeunesse). Several sections of the the Lazaro Galdiano Foundation's library is simply a whole. For the neophyte visitor, a exhibition are devoted to Gallimard's market composed of 877 manuscripts, 1,100 differ more striking division of the exhibition is ing techniques, from the traditional posters ent periodicals and 40,000 monographs, with that between manuscript books and single that you find in bookstores to the conception a well-represented section of illuminated leaves. This prosaic division is, in many cases, of new artwork for the Folio imprint, which manuscripts, autographs and rare books. more complex than it may appear, given that needed to be modernized and whose covers The Arts of the Oriental Book puts together single leaves were an important aspect of the were redesigned a few years ago. The curators a group of catalogued Oriental manuscripts Oriental book tradition. During the sixteenth have struck a fine balance between the literary especially interesting for its singularity and century, illustrations or text in independent and the visuaL Even the material aspect of the rareness in Spanish collections. The exhi sheets became a particular genre in the Per book has been taken into account: the "salon bition's purpose, as the curators claim, is sian world, being conceived as calligraphic de lecture" at the end of the exhibition allows to show the harmony achieved by painters and painting models, or as decorative pieces. the visitor to touch and browse through a and miniaturists, and to demonstrate how These leaves were made with different tech selection of Gallimard's publications. calligraphy created, through different styles niques, but their borders always had a shiny Those who cannot make it to Paris and of writing, pages of enormous beauty. The appearance, seen for instance, in Jami's Nafa would like to know more about the exhibi exhibition is displayed in four showcases in hatal-Unsand Urfi's Diwan. Such works, some tion can go online at the following address: a small room named ,]oyas Bibliograficas' of which are displayed in the exhibition, were
SHARP NEWS VOL. 20, No.3 SUMMER 2011 (1)119
Armen Tokatlian, Marfa Jesus Viguera Molins On his retirement from the School in 1998 Kristian Jensen. Revolution and the Antiquar and Juan Antonio Yeves Andres, Las artes dellibro he continued teaching, researching and pub ian Book: Reshaping the Past, 1780-1815. Cam oriental. Manuscritos en drabe, armenio, hebreo y persa en lishing, being heavily involved with the MA bridge and New York: Cambridge University la Fundaci6n Lazaro Galdiano, Madrid: Fundaci6n History of the Book at the University of Lon Press, 2010. ISBN 9781107000513. Lazaro Galdiano, 2010. ISBN 139788493845308 don and the development of his longstanding Jeannine de Landtsheer and Henk Nel Library History database project. len, eds. Between S rylla and Charybdis: Learned Benito Rial Costas Robin was awarded an honorary DLitt by Letter Writers Navigating the Reefs of Religious Madrid the University of London in 2005, and his last and Political Controver!) in Earb Modern Europe. major work was An Inventory of Sale Catalogues Leiden, Netherlands and Boston, MA: Brill, in the British Isles, America, United States, Canada 2011. ISBN 9789004185739. and India 1676-1800 in two volumes which was Michael Lieb, Emma Mason, Jonathan published in 2009. Roberts, and Christopher Rowland, eds. The Andy D Dawson 04r;rd Handbook of the Reception History of the University College, London Bible. Oxford and New York: Oxford Univer Professor Emeritus Robin Alston Esq., sity Press, 2011. ISBN 9780199204540. OBE, FSA passed away 19 July 2011, aged 78. Alberto Manguel. A Reader on Reading. Robin was appointed Director of SLAIS (the New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2011. School of Library, Archive and Information ISBN 0300172087. Studies, the precursor to DIS) at University Linda C. Mitchell. Studies in the Cul College London in 1990, and despite having tural History of Letter Writing. San Ma his scholarly roots in (Old) English literature rino, CA: Huntington Library, 2011. ISBN and traditional historical bibliography, was a General 9780873282338. great proponent of information technology D. J. Crowley and Paul Heyer. Commu Joad Raymond, ed. The 04r;rd History of and information science, and was largely nication in History: Technology, Culture, Society. Popular Print Culture: Volume One: Cheap Print responsible for developing the teaching of Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon/Pearson, 2011. in Britain and Ireland to 1660. Oxford and New internet issues and the practical use of IT ISBN 9780205693092. York: Oxford University Press, 2011. ISBN across the School's programmes. Sean Alexander Gurd. Work in Progress: 9780199287048. He was an immensely knowledgeable man Literary Revision in Classical Antiquity. Oxford Alison Rukavina. The Development of the and a captivating speaker, full of ideas and and New York: Oxford University Press, 2011. International Book Trade, 1870-1895: Tangled insight whether discussing the history of the ISBN 9780199837519. Networks. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmil book or the workings of the latest piece of Alastair Hamilton. The Arcadian Library: lan. ISBN 9780230275638. technology. For all his many scholarly works, Western Appreciation of Arab and Islamic Civiliza Paul K. Saint-Amour. Modernism and Copy including Bibliograpf?y of the English Language tion. Oxford and New York: Oxford Univer right. Oxford and New York: Oxford Univer and his work on ESTC, it is perhaps for his sity Press, 2011. ISBN 0199609632. sity Press, 2011. ISBN 9780199731534. energy and enthusiasm as a speaker that he Leslie Howsam and James Raven, eds. Carlos Alberto Gonzalez Sanchez, Tris is most vividly remembered - pacing up and Books between Europe and the Americas: Con tan Platt, tr., and Bethany Aram, ed. New down in front of a class, gesticulating widly, nections and Communities, 1620-1860. Hound World Literary: Writing and Culture across the with his keen eyes twinkling as he engaged mills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, UK, and Atlantic, 1500-1700. Lewisburg, PA: Lewis students and staff alike, constantly decorating New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011. ISBN burg Bucknell University Press, 2011. ISBN his talks with anecdotes which were always as 9780230285675. 9780838758045. apposite as they were amusing. ... /20
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... /19 Jifina Smejkalova. Cold War Books in the and the Right 0/ Copy and Copyright, 17th-21st Cambridge University Press, 2010. ISBN (Other' Europe and What Came After. Leiden, century. Zutphen, Netherlands: Walburg Pers, 9780521769716. Netherlands and Biggleswade, UK: Brill; 2010. ISBN 9789057306655. Matthew Yeo. The Acquisition 0/ Books f?y Extenza Turpin (distributor), 2011. ISBN Chetham:r Library, 1655-1700. Leiden, Neth 9789004187450. Norway erlands and Boston, MA: Brill, 2011. ISBN Helen Smith and Louise Simpson, eds. Vilborg S. Hovet. Den I1lustrerte Boka: His 9789004206656. Renaissance Paratexts. Cambridge and New toria om Norsk Bokillustragon. Oslo, Norway: York: Cambridge University Press, 2011. Unipub, 2011. ISBN 9788274774704. United States ISBN 9780521117395. Michael J. Everton. The Grand Chorus John Tehranian. Infringement Nation: Copy Russia 0/ Complaint: Authors and the Business Ethics right 2.0 and You. New York: Oxford University G. A. Fafurin. KistoriiAkademicheskoi KniZh 0/ American Publishing. Oxford and New Press USA, 2011. ISBN 9780199733170. noi Torgovli v Epokhu Ekaterif!J' II: deiatel'nost' York: Oxford University Press, 2011. ISBN Harvey M. Teres. The Word on the Street: Ioganna Veitbrekhta v Sankt-Peterburge. St Peter 9780199751785. Linking the Academy and the Common Reader. burg, Russia: Peterburgskoe Lingvisticheskoe James L. Machor. Reading Fiction in An Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press and Obshchestvo, 2010. ISBN 9785431800078. tebellum America: Informed Response and Recep The University of Michigan Library, 2011. tion Histories, 1820-1865. Baltimore: Johns ISBN 9780472071364. Sweden Hopkins University Press, 2010. ISBN John B. Thompson. Merchants 0/ Culture: Kristina Lundblad. am Be!Jdelsen av Biickers 9780801898747. The Publishing Business in the Twen!J-first Century. Utseende: Det Svenska Fiirlagsbandets Framvaxt John McMillian. Smoking Typewriters: Cambridge, UK: Polity Press, 2010. ISBN och Etablering under Perioden 1840-1914 med The Sixties Underground Press and the Rise 0/ 9780745647869. Siirskild Han.ryn till Dekorerade Klotband: En Alternative Media in America. New York: S tudie av Bokbandens Formgivning, Teknik och Oxford University Press USA, 2011. ISBN China Relation till Frdgor om Modernitet och Materiell 9780195319927. Lucille Chiao Knowledge and Text Production K.ultur. Malmo, Sweden: Ramus, 2010. ISBN Alice Ozma. The Reading Promise: My in an Age 0/ Print: China, 900-1400. Leiden, 9789197840651. Father and the Books We Shared New York: Netherlands and Boston, MA: Brill, 2011. Grand Central Publishing, 2011. ISBN ISBN 9789004192287. United Kingdom 9780446583770. Andrew Cambers. GodlY Reading: Print, Japan Manuscript and Puritanism in England, 1580-:- Edward Mack. Mamifacturing Modern Japanese 1720. Cambridge: Cambridge University Literature: Publishing, Prizes, and the Ascription 0/ Press, 2011. ISBN 9780521764896. Literary Value. Durham, NC: Duke University Alexis Easley. Literary Celebri!J, Gender, Press, 2010. ISBN 9780822346609. and Victorian Authorship, 1850-1914. Newark: The University of Otago, Dunedin, New Rui Maeda. Kami no hon ga horobiru University of Delaware Press, 2011. ISBN Zealand has established the newest Centre for tokio Tokyo, Japan: Seidosha, 2010. ISBN 9781936249015. the Book. Melding aspects from other Centres 9784791765317. Matthew T. Hussey. The Genesis 0/ the Book: around the world (Toronto, Leiden, Monash, Jennifer Sally Prough. Straightfrom the Heart: Studies in the Scribal Culture 0/ Medieval England etc), and utilising the great heritage resources Gender, Intimary, and the Cultural Production 0/ in Honour 0/ A. N Doane. Turnhout: Brepols that Dunedin offers plus talented individuals Shi!jo Manga. Honolulu, HI: University of Publishers, 2011. ISBN 2503534732. from within & outside the University, the aims Hawai'i Press, 2011. ISBN 9780824834579. Pete Langman. Negotiating the Jacobean and objectives (briefly) of the Centre are: to Printed Book. Farnham, UK and Burling foster research by staff and post-graduate Lithuania ton, VT: Ashgate Publishing, 2011. ISBN students in the role of the book in cultural Ausra N avickiene. Besikeicianti Kf!J'ga XIX 9780754666332. and historical processes; to promote book AmZiaus Pirmosios Puses Lietuvrje: Monograftja. Timothy Larsen. A People 0/ One Book: activities such as conferences, publications, Vilnius, Lithuana: Vilniaus Universiteto Lei The Bible and the Victorians. Oxford and New and workshops, and to liaise with other in dykla, 2010. ISBN 9789955335269. York: Oxford University Press, 2011. ISBN stitutions local, national, and internationaL 9780199570096. Further announcements and details will be Netherlands Patrick Leary. The Punch Brotherhood· Table made, but three future Dunedin activities are Andrew Pettegree and Malcolm Walsby, Talk and Print Culture in Mid- Victorian London. worthy of note: the 2011 Printer in Residence eds. Netherlandish books: books published in the London: British Library Publishing, 2010. programme (start date 5 September), the 2012 Low Countries and Dutch books published abroad ISBN 9780712309233. annual conference of the Bibliographical before 1601. Leiden, Netherlands and Boston, Beth Palmer, Women:r Authorship and Editor Society of Australia and New Zealand, and MA: Brill, 2010. ISBN 9789004191976. ship in Victorian Culture: S ensational Strategies. the 2013 Australasian Rare Book SchooL For Chris Schriks. Staats Auteursrecht cum An New York: Oxford University Press USA, further details, please contact Dr Donald nexis: Openbaarheid in de Trias Politica en het 2011. ISBN 0199599114. Kerr, Special Collections Librarian (donald. Kopij- en Auteursrecht, 17de- 21 ste Eeuw / State:r Naomi Tadmor. The Social Universe of [email protected]) or Dr Shef Rogers, Eng Copyright c.a: Public Access in the Trias Politica the English Bible: Scripture, S ocie!J, and Cul lish ([email protected]). ture in EarlY Modern England. Cambridge: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/sharp_news/vol20/iss3/1 20