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Analiza Diskursa Različitosti U Američkoj Popularnoj Kulturi Na Primjeru Stripova O Superjunacima

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Analiza Diskursa Različitosti U Američkoj Popularnoj Kulturi Na Primjeru Stripova O Superjunacima Analiza diskursa različitosti u američkoj popularnoj kulturi na primjeru stripova o superjunacima Bukač, Zlatko Doctoral thesis / Disertacija 2018 Degree Grantor / Ustanova koja je dodijelila akademski / stručni stupanj: University of Zadar / Sveučilište u Zadru Permanent link / Trajna poveznica: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:162:811130 Rights / Prava: In copyright Download date / Datum preuzimanja: 2021-10-04 Repository / Repozitorij: University of Zadar Institutional Repository of evaluation works SVEUČILIŠTE U ZADRU POSLIJEDIPLOMSKI SVEUČILIŠNI STUDIJ HUMANISTIČKE ZNANOSTI Zlatko Bukač ANALIZA DISKURSA RAZLIČITOSTI U AMERIČKOJ POPULARNOJ KULTURI NA PRIMJERU STRIPOVA O SUPERJUNACIMA Doktorski rad Zadar, 2018. SVEUČILIŠTE U ZADRU POSLIJEDIPLOMSKI SVEUČILIŠNI STUDIJ HUMANISTIČKE ZNANOSTI Zlatko Bukač ANALIZA DISKURSA RAZLIČITOSTI U AMERIČKOJ POPULARNOJ KULTURI NA PRIMJERU STRIPOVA O SUPERJUNACIMA Doktorski rad Mentor Izv.prof.dr.sc.Marko Lukić Zadar, 2018. SVEUČILIŠTE U ZADRU TEMELJNA DOKUMENTACIJSKA KARTICA I. Autor i studij Ime i prezime: Zlatko Bukač Naziv studijskog programa: Poslijediplomski sveučilišni studij Humanističke znanosti Mentor/Mentorica: doc.dr.sc. Marko Lukić Datum obrane: 12. lipnja 2018. godine Znanstveno područje i polje u kojem je postignut doktorat znanosti: humanističke znanosti, interdisciplinarne humanističke znanosti II. Doktorski rad Naslov: Analiza diskursa različitosti u američkoj popularnoj kulturi na primjeru stripova o superjunacima. UDK oznaka: 316.723:741.5(73) Broj stranica:219 Broj slika/grafičkih prikaza/tablica: 79 Broj bilježaka: 117 Broj korištenih bibliografskih jedinica i izvora: 227 Broj priloga: 0 Jezik rada: hrvatski III. Stručna povjerenstva Stručno povjerenstvo za ocjenu doktorskog rada: 1. Izv.prof. dr.sc. Mario Vrbančić, predsjednik/predsjednica 2. Izv.prof.dr.sc. Tomislav Brlek, član 3. Izv.prof.dr.sc. Marko Lukić, član Stručno povjerenstvo za obranu doktorskog rada: 1. Izv.prof. dr.sc. Mario Vrbančić, predsjednik/predsjednica 2. Izv.prof.dr.sc. Tomislav Brlek, član 3. Izv.prof.dr.sc. Marko Lukić, član UNIVERSITY OF ZADAR BASIC DOCUMENTATION CARD I. Author and study Name and surname: Zlatko Bukač Name of the study programme: Postgraduate doctoral study programme in humanities Mentor: doc.dr.sc. Marko Lukić Date of the defence: 12th of June 2018. Scientific area and field in which the PhD is obtained: Humanities, interdisciplinary humanities II. Doctoral dissertation Title: ''Discourse of Difference in American Popular Culture – Example of Superhero Comic-Books'' UDC mark: 316.723:741.5(73) Number of pages: 219 Number of pictures/graphical representations/tables: 79 Number of notes: 117 Number of used bibliographic units and sources: 227 Number of appendices: 0 Language of the doctoral dissertation: Croatian III. Expert committees Expert committee for the evaluation of the doctoral dissertation: 1. Mario Vrbančić, Associate professor, chair 2. Tomislav Brlek, Associate professor, member 3. Marko Lukić, Associate professor, member Expert committee for the defence of the doctoral dissertation: 1. Mario Vrbančić , Associate professor, chair 2. Tomislav Brlek, Associate professor, member 3. Marko Lukić, Associate professor, member Izjava o akademskoj čestitosti Ja, Zlatko Bukač, ovime izjavljujem da je moj doktorski rad pod naslovom Analiza diskursa različitosti u američkoj popularnoj kulturi na primjeru stripova o superjunacima rezultat mojega vlastitog rada, da se temelji na mojim istraživanjima te da se oslanja na izvore i radove navedene u bilješkama i popisu literature. Ni jedan dio mojega rada nije napisan na nedopušten način, odnosno nije prepisan iz necitiranih radova i ne krši bilo čija autorska prava. Izjavljujem da ni jedan dio ovoga rada nije iskorišten u kojem drugom radu pri bilo kojoj drugoj visokoškolskoj, znanstvenoj, obrazovnoj ili inoj ustanovi. Sadržaj mojega rada u potpunosti odgovara sadržaju obranjenoga i nakon obrane uređenoga rada. Zadar, 12. lipnja 2018. Sadržaj 1. Uvod .................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Ciljevi i metode ............................................................................................................................ 2 1.2. Predmeti analize ........................................................................................................................... 3 2. Strip kao medij i uloga teorije diskursa i diskursa različitosti u analizi popularne kulture i nacionalnog identiteta ............................................................................................................................ 13 2.1. Povijest i definiranje stripa ......................................................................................................... 13 2.1.1. Nastajanje Koda i cenzuriranje stripova o superjunacima ................................................... 19 2.2. Definiranje diskursa različitosti .................................................................................................. 23 2.3. Mit, popularna kultura, intertekstualnost i interdiskurzivnost .................................................... 26 2.3.1. Mit i popularna kultura ........................................................................................................ 26 2.3.2. Intertekstualnost i interdiskurzivnost ...................................................................................... 27 2.4. Teorija građanstva i politika različitosti ..................................................................................... 29 2.5. Pregled dosadašnjih istraživanja................................................................................................. 35 3. Građanstvo u kontekstu razvoja stripa u Sjedinjenim Američkim Državama ................................... 40 3.1. Superman i Kapetan Amerika kao nodalne točke infantilnog, uzornog i ekstremnog građanstva ........................................................................................................................................................... 42 3.1.1. Testiranje ljubavi prema državi preko infantilnog građanstva i narativa odlaska u Washington .................................................................................................................................... 42 3.1.2. Portretiranje neprijatelja države i uključivanje građana u stripovima o Kapetanu Americi 56 3.2. Popularizacija i bojazan od znanosti u stripovima o superjunacima u poslijeratnom razdoblju 64 3.3. Uloga raznolikog građanstva u portretiranju društvenih problema u stripovima o superjunacima ................................................................................................................................ 69 3.4. Dekonstruiranje mita o superjunaku i građanstvu u stripovima Čuvari i Identity Crisis ....... 74 4. Sukob osobnog i političkog u stripovima o superjunacima – Analiza diskursa različitosti koncentrirana na rasu ............................................................................................................................. 79 4.1. Uloga tradicionalnih obožavatelja u odnošenju s rasom na primjeru filmske adaptacije stripa o Fantastičnoj četvorci .......................................................................................................................... 80 4.2. Hibridnost kao rješavanje i postavljanje problema rasne nejednakosti u Americi ..................... 87 4.3. Isključivanje uključivanjem na primjeru stripa Black Panther ................................................... 92 4.4. Infantiliziranje kroz crnu hiper-muškost i ljutoga crnog muškarca – Analiza superjunaka Lukea Cagea i Ragea .................................................................................................................................... 95 4.5. Zabrinuti bijeli subjekt i zaštita Sna na primjeru stripova Black Panther i The X-Men .......... 108 5. Tragovi američkih društvenih anksioznosti kroz (d)evoluciju superjunakinja ................................ 122 5.1. Važnost adaptacija i intersekcionalnog pristupa ...................................................................... 125 5.2. Temelji reprezentacije ženskih likova u stripovima o superjunacima i superjunakinjama na primjeru stripova Wonder Woman .................................................................................................. 129 5.3. Temelji reprezentacije ženskih likova u stripovima o superjunacima i superjunakinjama na primjeru stripova Spider-Man ......................................................................................................... 133 5.4. Uloga roda u građanstvu i naciji ............................................................................................... 136 5.5. Od djevojke iz susjedstva do privatne sfere građanstva. Analiza lika Mary Jane u tematskoj priči Maximum Carnage .................................................................................................................. 138 5.6. Psihička nestabilnost ženskih likova na primjeru Shriek, Jean Grey i Jean Loring ................. 148 5.7. Stripovi o Carol Danvers kao primjer sinteze raznih reprezentacija roda ................................ 158 5.8. Rodno određeni alkoholizam kao indikator dvostrukih standarda u stripovima ...................... 167 6. Ugroženo i odgovorno građanstvo u razdoblju nakon 11. rujna ..................................................... 176 7. Zaključak ........................................................................................................................................
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