Moldova National Survey on Remittances [EBRD
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Moldova National Public Opinion Survey on Remittances July, 2007 Methodology Sample size 2,073 Moldovan adults Dates of interviews December 16 – January 16, 2007 Languages of Moldovan, Romanian, interviews Russian Margin of error 2 percentage points 96 Demographics of Remittance Recipients in Moldova 97 Age 18% 18-24 12% 21% Adult 25-34 15% population* 28% 35-49 27% 20% Remittance 50-64 recipients 25% 13% 65 + 20% 0% 10% 20% 30% 98 *National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova Gender 47% Adult population Male 53% 39% Remittance Female recipients 61% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 99 Monthly Household Income 14% 400 lei or less 23% 22% 401- 800 lei 23% Adult population 17% 801-1200 lei 15% 14% 1201- 1750 lei 10% Remittance 19% 1751 lei or more recipients 16% 15% Don't know/No Answer 13% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 100 Official exchange rate is US$0.079 to 1 leu, National Bank of Moldova Education 17% Primary school or less 15% 13% Adult Some secondary school 13% population 29% Completed secondary school 28% 24% Some university or technical school 27% Remittance recipients 15% University graduate or more 16% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 101 Poll Sample More than 90 percent of the Moldovan population resides in the 32 “raions,” 2 municipalities and the autonomous region of Gagauzia where polling was conducted. No interviews were conducted in Transnistria or the municipalities of Tiraspol, and Tighina / Bender. 102 Administrative Divisions (Raions) 21% 1- Chişinău 19% 13% 2 - Balti, Faleşti, Glodeni, Rişcani, Singereni 18% 11% 3 - Aneii Noi, Criuleni, Dubăsari, Ialoveni, Străşeni 10% Adult 8% 4 - Soroca, Drochia, Floreşti 6% population 8% 5 - Basarabeasca, Hînceşti, Leova, Cimişlia 12% 8% 6 - Orhei, Rezina, Şoldăneşti, Teleneşti 8% 8% 7 - Briceni, Edinet, Ocniţa, Donduşeni 7% 7% 8 - Ungheni, Călărasi, Nisporeni 7% Remittance 9 - Cahul, Cantemir 5% 5% recipients 5% 10 - Căuşeni, Ştefan Voda 4% 4% 11 - Găgăuzia 4% 1% 12 - Taraclia 1% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 103 Regions North – Balti, Faleşti, Glodeni, Rişcani, Singereni, Soroca, Drochia, Briceni, Edinet, Ocniţa, Donduşeni and Floreşti Center – Ungheni, Călărasi, Nisporeni, Orhei, Rezina, Şoldăneşti, Teleneşti, Chişinău, Aneii Noi, Criuleni, Dubăsari, Ialoveni and Străşeni South – Cahul, Cantemir, Căuşeni, Ştefan Voda, Găgăuzia, Taraclia, Basarabeasca, Hînceşti, Leova, Cimişlia 104 Regions 29% North 31% Adult population 48% Center 44% Remittance 23% recipients South 25% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 105 Type of Locality 22% Municipality 24% Adult Town with 9% population population greater than 15,000 9% Town with 8% population less 11% than 15,000 Remittance recipients 61% Rural 56% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 106 Urban vs. Rural 39% Adult population Urban 61% 44% Remittance Rural recipients 56% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 107 Do you rent or own your home? 8% Adult population Rent 90% 12% Remittance Own recipients 86% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 108 Remittances to Moldova 109 Do you have family members living in another country outside of Moldova? 48% Yes 52% No 110 Have any of your relatives living in another country outside of Moldova ever sent you money? 21% Yes No 48% Do not have family in 31% another country 111 Remittance Recipients By Location Basarabeasca, Hînceşti, Leova and Cimişlia 32% Balti, Faleşti, Glodeni, Rişcani, Singereni 30% Orhei, Rezina, Şoldăneşti, Teleneşti 23% Ungheni, Călărasi, and Nisporeni 22% Cahul and Cantemir 21% Briceni, Edinet, Ocniţa, and Donduşeni 20% Chişinău 19% Aneii Noi, Criuleni, Dubăsari, Ioloveni, and 19% Străşeni Găgăuzia 17% Căuşeni and Ştefan Voda 16% Soroca, Drochia and Floreşti 15% Taraclia 8% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 112 Remittance Recipients By Monthly Household Income 800 lei or less 16% More than 800 lei 26% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 113 Major Findings Twenty-one percent of Moldovan adults – approximately 580,000 people – received remittances on a regular basis during 2006. 114 In which countries does the family member who sends you money live in? Russia 41% Italy 33% Western Europe* 14% Turkey / Israel 4% USA 3% Eastern Europe** 3% Other 2% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% *France, Germany, Belgium, England, Ireland, Greece, Spain, Portugal 115 **Ukraine, Czech Republic, Romania In what city or region of Russia does your family member or relative live? Moscow 73% Saint Petersburg 9% Central 4% Volga 2% Murmansk 2% Tambov 1% Salekhard 1% Noyabrsk 1% Rostov 1% Ural 1% North Western 1% Far Eastern 1% Siberia 1% Don't know/No answer 1% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 116 What is your relationship to the person who sends you money? Father or 17% Mother Sister or 17% Brother Husband or 19% Wife Son or 37% Daughter Aunt / Uncle / 10% Cousin / Other 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 117 How frequently does your family member or relative send you money? 2 times a month or more 3% Once a month 18% Every 2 to 3 months 36% Every 4 to 6 months 22% About once a year 17% Don't know/No answer 4% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 118 How frequently does your family member or relative send you money? By Country of Origin of Remittance 2 times a month 3% 5% or more 1% 18% Once a month 22% 14% Russia Every 2 to 3 43% 31% months 32% Italy Every 4 to 6 20% 21% months 27% Other About once a 14% 17% year 22% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 119 Major Findings The average Moldovan remittance recipient receives money 6 times a year. 120 For how many years has this family member or relative been sending you money? Less than one 21% year Between one 45% and three years Between three 17% and five years More than five 15% years 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 121 How much money - on average - does your family member or relative send to you each time? In US dollars $100 or less 39% $101 to $200 28% $201 to $300 8% $301 to $400 3% $401 to $500 5% More than $500 7% Don't know / No answer 11% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 122 Major Findings The average remittance to Moldova is US$171. 123 Major Findings The survey indicates that Moldova received approximately US$595 million or €440 million during 2006. 124 Remittances Country of family member Amount in remittances Russia €181 million Italy €145 million Western Europe €62 million Turkey / Israel €18 million USA €13 million Eastern Europe €13 million Other €8 million Total €440 million 125 The Remittance Process 126 How do you receive this money? At a bank 48% Family member or friend 21% traveling to Moldova By courier 16% At a remittance company 9% Other 5% Don't know / No answer 1% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 127 How do you receive this money? By Age 53% At a bank 40% 18% By courier 14% 18-49 Family member or 16% friend traveling to / from Moldova 29% At a remittance 9% 50+ company 9% 3% Other 8% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 128 How do you receive this money? By Gender 38% At a bank 53% 21% By courier 14% Male Family member or 19% friend traveling to / from Moldova 22% At a remittance 13% Female company 6% 8% Other 4% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 129 How do you receive this money? By Country of Family Member 55% At a bank 40% 44% 12% By courier 21% 19% Russia Family member or 19% friend traveling to / 23% from Moldova 21% Italy At a remittance 8% 9% company 10% Other 5% Other 5% 5% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 130 How do you receive this money? By Monthly Household Income 36% At a bank 54% 18% By courier 15% 800 lei or less Family member or 33% friend traveling to / from Moldova 16% More At a remittance 6% than company 11% 800 lei 7% Other 4% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 131 How satisfied are you with the services of the bank or remittance company? Very satisfied 48% Somewhat 44% satisfied Not satisfied 2% Don't know / 6% No answer 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 132 Approximately what portion of the money you receive do you spend on daily expenses? All of it 63% About three quarters of it 11% About half of it 17% Less than a quarter of it 4% None of it 4% Don't know / No answer 2% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 133 Major Findings Moldovan remittance recipients spend approximately 81 percent of the money they receive on basic daily expenses such as food, housing, clothing, utilities and medicine. 134 Do you use these money for something else other than daily expenses? Buy or build a house 35% Education 27% Health / Life Insurance 13% Open a savings account 12% Start a business 9% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 135 How often do you communicate with this family member or relative – the one that sends you money? Everyday 9% Once a week 40% Once a month 35% A few times a year 12% Once a year 1% Very rarely / Almost never 1% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 136 How many people – including yourself – benefit from the money you receive from your family member or relative? 1 person 15% 2 people 33% 3 people 29% 4 people 15% 5 people 5% More than 5 people 3% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 137 Major Findings Approximately 1 million Moldovans benefit from remittances. 138 The Moldova Banking System and Investment Potential 139 Overall, how do you see your family’s personal economic situation in Moldova? Remittance Recipients Excellent 0% Good 19% Mediocre 49% Bad 31% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 140 Overall, do you have a positive or negative opinion of the banks in Moldova? Remittance Recipients 20% Positive Negative Don't know 20% 60% / No answer 141 Why do you have a negative opinion of the banks in Moldova? Remittance Recipients Bad experience 36% Charge too much for services 25% Think money is not safe 23% Not famliar with banks 8% Don't treat you well 6% Don't know /No answer 2% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 142 Do you have a bank account? 14% Adult population 84% Yes 19% Remittance No recipients 79% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 143 Do you have any investments in Moldova? Remittance Recipients Savings account 6% Property 5% Business 2% Another type of investment 3% None 84% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 144 Remittance recipients “very interested” in financial investment products Mortgage / Loan to 20% buy house Health / Life 19% insurance Loan to finance 19% business Finance university 19% education Open savings 15% account 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 145.