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INDEX L aardvark, 132 integration of groups and, 198–9 American Association of Zoological Parks diet of, 164 interspecific, 130 Aand Aquariums (AAZPA), 12 see substrate for, 141 intraspecific, 196, 198, 295 I also AZA AAZK, 53, 326 macaques and, 196 amino acids, 152–3 AAZPA, 12 testosterone and, 182 Ressential, 153 ABC species, 251 towards keepers see keepers EAmphibian Ark, 347–8 abomasum, 163 towards visitors see visitor Amphibian Conservation Action ABWAK, 52 Agreement on the Conservation of T Plan, 347 accidents, 62, 135–6, 324 African-Eurasian Migratory amphibian see also GAA Acinonyx jubatus see cheetah Waterbirds 1995 see AEWAA captive breeding of, 347–8 ACTH, 234 AI, 237, 287–8 Amphibian Specialist Group, 347 actin, 153 advantages of, 287–8 M Amsterdam Zoo, 297 Actinomyces bovis see lumpy jaw birds and, 174 androgens, 176, 182 actinomycosis see lumpy jaw black-footed ferret and, 287, 253 animal(s) activity budget, 189, 204, 214, 234 difficulties with, 288 D behaviour see behaviour adipose tissue, 152 elephants and, 287–8 celebrities see Jambo; Jumbo; Knut adoption giant pandas and, 286E dangerous see hazardous animal of rejected animals, 292–3 Ailurus fulgens see Tred panda categories schemes in zoos, 61 AKAA, 53 encounters, 89, 93, 102, 199, 214, adrenocorticotrophic hormone Alexander theH Great, 32 216, 316, 322, 324 see ACTH Alice Springs Reptile Center, 134 as gifts, 32–4, 249 Aegypius monarchus see Eurasian black alimentaryG system see digestive injury to, 13, 45, 80, 88, 99, 121, vulture I system 137–8, 185, 225, 232, 235, Aepyceros melampus see impala Alladale Wilderness Reserve, 70 237, 271, 295, 302, 305 AEWA, 76 allele,R 274, 277–8, 282–3 interests of, 89, 91, 93, 126 Africa USA, 42 dominant, 267, 269 monetary value of, 248 African Elephant Conservation Act, 83 Yfounder, 282 most popular, 59, 113, 251, 330, 333 African pygmy goats, 201 frequencies, 280 numbers kept by zoos African wildcat, 289 P recessive, 267, 269 species, 250 cloning of, 29 allergic reactions, 134 specimens, 250 age structure, 262, 272 O alligator, 114, 196, 132, 161 respect for, 91–2 of chimpanzees at Chester Zoo, C263 American, 196, 267 rides, 214, 219–20, 251, 315, 324, aggression ecology of, 22 338 bachelor groups of gorillas and, 196 MVP for, 272 rights of, 88, 91, 93–4, 97, 232, 248 bonobos and, 196 Chinese, 75, 253, 260 self-awareness in, 91–3 breeding problems in giant pandas and, conservation status of, 151 sentience and, 92 286 Alligator sinensis see alligator, Chinese shows, 32, 36–7, 89–90, 216–17, 219, enclosures and, 138–9, 144, 196 Alouatta caraya see monkey, howler 251, 315–16, 322–4, 338–9 enrichment and, 215–16 ambassador species, 249, 251 suffering, 80–81, 87, 91, 93, 97, 139, density and, 196 giant pandas as, 249, 251 203, 296 An Introduction to Zoo Biology and Management, First Edition. Paul A. Rees. © 2011 Paul A. Rees. Published 2011 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. RRees_bindex.inddees_bindex.indd 339393 22/2/2011/2/2011 88:51:13:51:13 PPMM 394 Index animal(s) (cont’d) conservation strategy for, 50–51 zoos and legislation in, 6, 71, 84, 357 traders see Chapman’s Worlds first, 42 Australian Species Management Program Zoological Trading Company history of, 42–3, 45 (ASMP), 256, 261 Limited viewing exhibits in, 114, 116–17, 126, autosomes, 267 Animal £, 344 331 avian influenza, 227, 243 Animal Defenders International, 97 water quality in, 141–2 aviary, 4, 45–6, 66, 122,123, 231 Animal Record Keeping Systems see Aquarium for Wildlife Conservation, 4 bird scarer for, 119 ARKS4 Ara glaucogularis see blue throated macaw free-flight, 127, 330 animal rights see animals, rights of arachnophobia, 324 entrance to, 129 animal sanctuary see sanctuary ARAZPA see ZAA furniture in, 140 animal welfare, 12–13, 50–53, 56, 71, architects see Coe; Jones and Jones; listed Hagenbeck’s design for, 111 88, 95, 99, 233, 235, 315 buildings; Lubetkin; Tecton Snowdon, 107 see also diseases; Five Freedoms; archives in zoos, 333, 338 awards see Landseer Bronze Medal; UFAW stereotypic behaviour; stress Aristotle, 32 aye-aye, 21, 23, 274 behaviour and, 137, 146, 190 History of Animals 32 AZA, 12, 51 see also Species Survival communication with keepers and, 201, Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum, 39, 328 Plans 233 ARKS4, 308, 311 conservation breeding programs of, euthanasia and, 296 example of records from, 309 256–7, 258–61 keepers and 225 ART see also AI; cloning; SCNT conservation funds of, 345 legislation, 6, 71, 79–81 techniques, 285–93 enrichment requirements of, 206 measurement of, 232–3 art in zoos, 108–9 see also photographs husbandry guidelines, 99 philosophy and, 88–9 book about, 109, 148 ICPs and, 255 research on, 333–4, 340–341 environmental issues and, 108–9 membership of, 50 Animal Welfare (Journal), 334 murals, 119 population management levels, 257, Animal Welfare (Zoos) Code of Welfare recycling and, 108–9 259 2004, 71–2 sculptures, 108–9 reintroduction guidelines and, 350 Animal Welfare Act (NZ), 71 artificial embryo twinning, 289 research at institutions belonging to, Animal Welfare Act (USA), 6, 71 artificial insemination see AI 339–41 Animal Welfare Act 2006 (UK), 79–80, 99 ASDA, involvement in fund-raising, 344 response to oil spill, 349 animal welfare organisations, 95–7 Asian Elephant Conservation Act, 83 Taxon Advisory Groups, 257 funding of, 344 ASMP, 52, 256, 261 Wildlife Conservation Committee, 257 list of see Appendix 2 Aspergillus fumigatus, contamination of Wildlife Contraception Center, 295 Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986, bedding by, 146 Aztecs, 33–4 80–81 Aspinall, John, 62 Ankole cattle, 305 Assam Haathi Project, 345–6 babirusa, 213, 260 Antarctic Conservation Act, 83 assimilation efficiency see gross baboon 42, 259 antelopes see bongo; eland; impala; roan; assimilation efficiency elephants and in multispecies exhibit, waterbuck; wildebeest assisted reproductive technology see ART 131 anthelmintics, 228–9 Association of Zoos and Aquariums see hamadryas, 131, 194 anthrax, 225–6, 229, 236, 243 AZA enrichment for, 215 antibodies, 153, 184–5 assurance populations, 347 infanticide in, 196–7 anti-zoo groups see also Born Free ASZK, 53, 99 olive, 195 Foundation; CAPS; RSPCA; Ateles spp. see monkey; spider safari parks and, 42, 129 ZooCheck attacks by animals see accidents Tsaobis Baboon Project, 336 list of see Appendix 2 Attenborough, Sir David, 247 Babyrousa spp. see babirusa Aphelocoma coerulescens see jay; Florida biography of, 7 bachelor groups, 176, 253, 265 scrub collecting expeditions of, 248 bongo, 176, 265 APHIS TV and, 7 chimpanzee, 274 feeding requirements, 166 Auckland Zoo, 198, 291 gorilla, 196, 265 quarantine and, 242 auditory stimulation, 212 Badlands National Park, 280 zoo inspections and, 71 Audubon Aquarium of the Americas, 349 Balai Directive, 79 Apodemus sylvaticus see mouse; wood Australasian Regional Association of balance of nature, 19 Aptenodytes fosteri see penguin; emperor Zoological Parks and Aquaria balloons, 63–4 Apteryx mantelli see kiwi, North Island (ARAZPA), 50, 52, 256, 308 bamboo, 185, 348 brown Australia see also ASZK emergency consignment for Wolong, aquaculture, 79, 296 breeding programmes in, 252 see also 345 aquarium(s) see also under names of Australian Species Management types grown by San Diego Zoo, 166–7 individual aquariums Program; ZAA use in exhibits, 104, 108, 235 RRees_bindex.inddees_bindex.indd 339494 22/2/2011/2/2011 88:51:14:51:14 PPMM Index 395 banding see marking home range of, 139 Animal Transaction Policy, 296, 298 Banham Zoo, 11 longevity of, 235 committees, 51, 61 Barbary lion see lion, Barbary made of recycled milk bottles, 108–9 conservation programmes and, 257 Barbary Lion Project, 297 problems of captivity in, 139 functions of, 51 Barbary macaque see macaque, Barbary in River Thames, 34 husbandry guidelines, 99 bar-biting, 201–2 bear pit, 35, 107, 123, 127 membership of, 50 Barcoding for Species Conservation, 291 reuse of, 123 research and, 335, 342 Barnum and Bailey Greatest Show on beaver, 55, 123, 133, 141, 164, 177, reserve Brazil, 345 Earth 228, 287 TWGs see TWGs poster for, 37 reintroduction of, 70, 82, 248, 352 bilharziosis see schistosomiasis Barnum P.T., 36, 283 begging, 123, 174, 199 binomial system of nomenclature, 25–6 and Bailey circus, 36, 38 Behavior Advisory Group, 206 biodiversity, 13, 15, 27, 29, 315, 336, and Jumbo, 36, 38 Behavior Scientific Advisory Group, 206 357 see also Convention on Barrier Designs for Zoos, 120, 148 behaviour Biological Diversity; extinction; barriers see also bars; fence; moat; abnormal, 139 see also stereotypic keystone species protected contact; windows behaviour decline in, 12, 248 designs, 84, 102, 104, 110–114, enclosure size and, 198 definition, 19, 251 117–29, 131–2, 134, 141, as indicator of poor welfare, 232 ecological importance of, 18–19 146–7, 147 prevention of, 189, 208 see also funding of projects to conserve, 345 escape of animals see enclosures enrichment hotspots, 20, 345 free range behavioural, 127 research into, 333 obligation to protect, 12, 67, 70, 88, gorillas and, 146, 196 definition of, 188 93, 346 perceptual, 127–8 development of the study of, 188–9 role of IUCN in protecting, 55–6 pipe, 118 dominance see dominance hierarchies Biodiversity Action Plans, 82, 348 psychological, 119–20, 125 effect of visitors on see visitor biodiversity officer, 58 standards for, 119–20 measurement of, 189 see also ethogram biogenetic reserve, 78 unacceptable, 127, 137 normal biographical life, 92–3 visitor, 84, 117, 118, 120, 131 description of, 190–191 biological rhythm, 144 bars, 113, 127 opportunity
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