Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, volume 180 Proceedings of the 18th International Symposium on Management (INSYMA 2021)

Analysis of Tourism Village Development in West

Lalu A. Permadi1,*, W. Retnowati2, Muttaqillah3, Rusminah4, G.A. Oktaryani5, N.A.A. Tara6 & E. Septiani7

1University of , Mataram, 2University of Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia 3University of Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia 4University of Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia 5University of Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia 6University of Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia 7University of Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia *Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT This research aims to analyze and identify the potential development of Tourism Village in . This research used primary and secondary data and analyzed the villages’ tourism potential and development into tourism villages in West Lombok Regency. The potential development of Tourism Village in West Lombok Regency is outstanding. Initial identification indicates 68 possible villages can potentially be developed into tourism villages throughout the districts in West Lombok. These villages are classified into three categories, namely tourism villages, tourism-ready villages, and pre-tour villages. Internal factors that support the development of Tourism Village in West Lombok Regency are nature, socio-culture, accommodation, and location. Keywords: Potential development, tourism villages, tourism-ready villages, pre-tour village.

1. INTRODUCTION inaugurated Buwun Sejati Tourism Village, located in Narmada district, on January 27, 2018 Nusa Tenggara Province (NTB) has cultural and (Republika.co.id. 2018). Sesaot Village, situated in natural potential that enables the growth and Narmada, is one of the famous tourism villages in development of its tourism-based region. West Lombok (Rahmawati et al. 2021). Recently, the province has two famous tourism Rural tourism development is the impact of the villages, namely Sukarara tourism village and change in tourist interest in tourist destinations. Rambitan tourism village, especially Sade Hamlet. Fandeli (2001) in Sujarwo et al. (2017) describes Both tourism villages are located in Central the tourism village as a rural area that offers a Lombok Regency (Permadi et al. 2017). Overall, whole atmosphere that reflects the village's Lombok Island has tremendous potential. Amir et authenticity socio-cultural life, customs, daily al. (2020) reveal eleven potential villages that can activities, building architecture, and village spatial be potentially developed into tourism villages in structure. Those potentials form tourist attractions, Central Lombok. Meanwhile, there are also such as attractions, food and beverages, souvenirs, several potential tourism villages in West lodging, and other tourist needs. Lombok. West Lombok Regency Government has

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Tourism village integrates tourism elements, tourism village attracts the interest of people who namely attractions, accommodation, and love nature holidays, and it also includes special supporting facilities combined with community services such as accommodation, events, life, local ordinances, and traditions (Chin et al. celebrations, gastronomy, outdoor recreation, etc. 2020, Dašić et al. 2020). (Kulcsár 2009). Developing the tourism village's marketing in Sastrayuda (2010) and Putra (2006) in West Lombok Regency requires a good Zakaria et al. (2014) express several conditions development of tourism villages in West Lombok that a village must meet in order to be eligible to in terms of quantity and quality. According to be called a tourism village. These conditions are Antara & Arida (2015), today's development of a Uniqueness and authenticity; Location and tourism village tends to imitate the products of accessibility; The culture that includes local existing tourism villages. Therefore, Antara & customs and indigenous actors and local norms; Arida (2015) offer solutions for using tourism Supporting facilities and infrastructure, Natural; village products with local raw materials and local Local community participation; and Guaranteed wisdom. security, order, and cleanliness. From the background presented, developing other tourism villages in West Lombok requires in-depth research on these villages' potentials. This 2. RESEARCH METHODS study intends to identify villages that can become tourism villages in West Lombok Regency and This study relies on a qualitatively discrete internal factors supporting these villages' approach. With this approach, it is expected that development to become tourism villages. Thus, the various aspects studied will produce valid and the growth and development of tourism villages in relevant data needed. Also, a qualitatively West Lombok are focused on villages with described approach is expected to make a more in- tourism potential. depth and thorough observation of research Tourism products are service products. objects to obtain the data more accurately and According to Kotler (2000), service is an act or fundamentally. The research method used was a activity offered by a party to another party, which descriptive method whose purpose is to describe is basically intangible and does not result in any the phenomenon or relationship between ownership. The production of services may be phenomena studied systematically and factually related to physical products. The tourism products (Creswell & Poth 2014). are all services provided by various tourism The study was conducted in rural Lombok companies, from a tourist leaving his/her residence Regency, West Lombok (as the focus of research). while at his destination to return to his/her place of This was intended to answer research problems, origin. namely the potential development of tourism Lane (2009) in Ayazlar & Ayazlar (2016) villages in West Lombok Regency, villages that defines pure rural tourism as tourism in the can potentially be developed into tourism villages countryside. Suppose one wants to define a in West Lombok, and internal factors that support holiday in rural tourism. In that case, the following the development of tourism villages in West characteristics should be considered: (1) located in Lombok Regency. the countryside, (2) based on rural tourism This research population was a tourism features, (3) have a small-scale accommodation, stakeholder of West Lombok consisting of (4) connected with local communities and their government officials, community leaders, and families, (5) village-based and small towns, and entrepreneurs. This research used a sample of (6) represent intricate economic, environmental figures whose opinions can represent the and historical patterns (Lane 2009 in Ayazlar & institutions. The informants in this study were the Ayazlar 2016). Based on that definition, the government officers concerned about tourism,

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village elders, community leaders, and community village reviewed from all sides. Meanwhile, the members who may be directly involved in the tourism-ready village is a village that has fulfilled management of tourism village programs, such as most of the conditions but has not been able to local village farmers and business actors related to develop its tourism management. Furthermore, the tourism. The number of samples was 50 people. pre-tourism village is a village that can only meet Secondary data were obtained from a some conditions but is just starting to develop rural comprehensive study of library materials such as tourism. literature books, statistical reports from relevant agencies, legal and statutory documents/sheets, news journals and articles in various mass media, 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION etc. Primary data were obtained from observations to the research locations and interviews with A total of 99 villages spreading across ten stakeholders. districts/cities in NTB were designated as tourism The main instrument in research using villages through the Governor's Decree. The 99 qualitative methods is the researchers themselves. tourism villages will focus on their development in Data collection techniques used in this research the next five years. In West Lombok, there were were observations, interviews, and documentation. 13 tourism villages, namely Buwun Mas, Mekar Techniques used to analyze research data were Sari, Pusuk Lestari, Telangana, , interpretive descriptive analysis techniques with Banyumulek, Lingsar, Senteluk, Karang Bayan, the following steps: (1) Selecting relevant Gili Gede Indah, Sekotong Barat, Batu Putih, and documents/data and provide code, (2) Making an Labuan Tereng. objective note, in this case, to do classification and The Government of West Lombok Regency edit (reduce) the answer, (3) Making reflective realizes that tourism is significant to support the notes, i.e., write down what the researcher is region's economic development. Here are several thinking as an interpretation in his/her relationship district government policies that support tourism. with objective notes; (4) Concluding the data by The vision of the West Lombok Regency Tourism creating a format based on data analysis Office in 2015–2019 is a picture of the future that techniques that researchers drive, and (5) it wants to realize and a description of the Vision Triangulating the data by concluding the double and Mission of the West Lombok Regency data obtained in three ways: (1) extending the Government in 2015-2019. One of West Lombok field's observation time to match the written data Regency's development goals is to increase with the field data, (2) comparing the data that has economic growth and improve the community's been written by re-asking the informants, and (3) welfare to accelerate poverty reduction of matching the data that registered with the library employment and investment opportunities in West source. Analysis of tourism village's potential by Lombok Regency as stated in the Medium-Term analyzing the potential of tourism villages. Development Plan (RPJM) of West Lombok Analysis, identification, and classification of Regency year 2015-2019. tourism villages. In this stage, triangulation was In 2016, the West Lombok Regency carried out by paying attention to the results of the Government and the West Lombok Regency previous study. This triangulation matches the People's Representative Council approved West requirements' completeness to become a tourism Lombok Regent Regulation No. 41 of 2016 on village, the possibility of developing the village, Tourism Village Areas. In addition, Chapter V and the opinions of the relevant parties. Article 8 Regent rule stipulates tourism village Furthermore, these villages are classified into the area in West Lombok. following categories: tourism villages, tourism- In general, from the identification of villages in ready villages, and pre-tour villages. Tourism West Lombok, it is known that 68 villages are village is a village that is ready to be a tourism eligible to become tourism villages. Analysis of

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local government policies, both the NTB district with the most significant number of Provincial Government and the West Lombok historical tourism villages is Lingsar District, Regency Government, shows the development of where four villages have historical tourism tourism villages focusing on several villages with potential, namely Dasan Geria, Karang Bayan, categories that the Provincial Government has Langko, and Lingsar. determined. Meanwhile, villages have historical relics like The identification shows that almost all districts in Narmada, Kuripan, Batulayar, Gunung Sari, in West Lombok have a potential village to Labuapi, and Lembar districts. For example, become a tourism village. Batulayar and Narmada Kuripan Village has historical relics in the form of districts become areas that are ready to be tourism the Kahuripan royal family tomb. In Batulayar villages, considering the awareness of tourism District, there is a West Batulayar Village with an communities are very high, and nature is Ancient Batulayar grave, where a Wali or spreader supportive. Also, culture and history are very of is buried. The same burial was found in supportive. Among the villages in Batulayar, Kuranji Dalang Village, Labuapi District. Senggigi is the most famous village besides In addition to Islamic historical relics, potential Batulayar Barat and Batulayar. Senggigi, tourism villages in West Lombok also hold Hindu Batulayar, and Batulayar Barat are prepared to historical relics and the Cakranegara kingdom. In become tourism areas. Narmada District, there are Narmada Village and Batulayar and Narmada districts' dominance Suranadi Village with Balinese cultural heritage shows similarities with another regency in and historical relics of Cakranegara Kingdom, Lombok, namely East Lombok, where there are respectively. Moreover, there is Narmada Park in two dominant districts in tourism in the district. In Narmada village and Suranadi Park in Suranadi East Lombok, there are two dominant districts, village. namely Sembalun and Jerowaru (Permadi et al., In this research, the selection of potential 2018) villages can be considered into three categories: The remarkable thing after identifying rural tourism villages, tourism-ready villages, and pre- areas of West Lombok is that almost all villages tour villages. In the following table, data related to qualify one to condition three, i.e., 1) Uniqueness tourism villages is presented. and authenticity, 2) Location and accessibility, and From the identification results, it is known that 3) Culture that includes local customs as well as eleven villages fall into the category of tourism local norms. Many villages in West Lombok villages. These eleven villages are villages that Regency have tourist attractions and relatively almost meet the requirements of tourism villages easy access by vehicle’s Infrastructure support in number one to seven. The eleven villages are Lombok can easily access West Lombok villages called tourism villages. However, the problem is either from the provincial capital, district capital, that most of these villages have not met the or Lombok International Airport. seventh requirement of security, order, and With its geographical variations from mountain cleanliness. It is undeniable that tourism villages in to coast, West Lombok also shows various West Lombok are not prepared in terms of cultures and historical relics that are quite varied. cleanliness, so they do not have waste This is shown by many villages in West Lombok management facilities. that have artistic potential and attractions in While security issues have always been an historical relics. For example, Suranadi Village obstacle in Lombok, villages in West Lombok and Narmada Village, which both developed, have have security concerns. Thefts happen all the time. a long history since the Cakranegara Kingdom era. In terms of tourist visits, these villages have been The researchers' study shows that of the 66 routinely visited by tourists, mostly domestic potential tourism villages in West Lombok, 12 tourists. villages have historical tourism potential. The

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Of the 68 potential tourism villages in West ready and pre-tourism villages by encouraging Lombok, 13 villages are ready to become tourism people to be tourism conscious to actively villages or fall into the category of tourism-ready participate in tourism, especially in potential villages. Of the 13 villages ready for this tour, districts such as Gunung Sari and Narmada. three villages can fall into tourism villages. The three villages are Kekeri village, Kekait Village, and Batu Kumbung Village. REFERENCES

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