Curriculum Vitae

D. Wilson Freshwater Center for Marine Science University of North Carolina at Wilmington 5600 Marvin Moss Lane, Wilmington, NC 28409 ph:(910)962-2375 fx:(910)962-2410 email:[email protected]

EDUCATION 1993 Ph.D. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Biology 1987 MS. North Carolina State University Botany, Ecology 1985 BS. University of North Carolina at Wilmington Marine Biology summa cum laude with honors

OTHER TRAINING & CERTIFICATIONS 1995 Workshop on Molecular Evolution MBL, Woods Hole 1996 Summer Institute in Statistical Genetics NCSU 1997 Summer Institute in Statistical Genetics NCSU 2006 IANTD Technical and TriMix Dive Training NURC 2013 Fii Waterman Survival, #WSC0037 Wilmington, NC 2016 US Coast Guard 50-Ton Master License USCG

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

1995- Present: Research Specialist, Center for Marine Science, UNCW Core Leader, DNA Analysis Core Facility, Center for Marine Science, UNCW Adjunct Faculty, Department of Biology & Marine Biology, UNCW Associate Curator, Algal collection, UNCW herbarium (WNC) 2018 - 18 Instructor, Marine Botany, University of Washington, Friday Harbor Marine Laboratory. 2015 - 15 Field Course Professor, Training in Tropical – Tropical Field Phycology 2015 Workshop, STRI Bocas del Toro Research Station, Panama. 2014 - 14 Instructor, Marine Algae, University of Washington, Friday Harbor Marine Laboratory. 2012 - 12 Field Course Professor, Training in Tropical Taxonomy – Tropical Field Phycology 2012 Workshop, STRI Bocas del Toro Research Station, Panama. 2011 - 11 Instructor & Organizer, Latin America – US Molecular Systematics Research Workshop, Center for Marine Science, University of North Carolina Wilmington. 2009 - 09 Instructor, NSF Pan-American Studies Institute: Advanced Methods in Tropical Phycology, STRI Bocas del Toro Research Station, Panama. 2008 - 08 STRI Collaborator, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama. Field Course Professor, Training in Tropical Taxonomy – Tropical Field Phycology 2008 Workshop, STRI Bocas del Toro Research Station, Panama. 2002 Visiting Research Fellow, Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. Research emphasis: monographic treatment of the Australian . 1994 - 95 Postdoctoral Fellow, Center for Marine Science Research, University of North Carolina Wilmington. 1993 - 94 Postdoctoral Fellow, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami. 1991 - 93 Graduate Research Fellow, Center for Marine Science Research and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. 1989 - 90 Teaching Assistant, Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. 1987 - 89 Research Technician, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina Wilmington. 1987 Research Technician, Department of Soil Science, North Carolina State University. 1986 - 87 Teaching Assistant, Department of Botany, North Carolina State University. 1985 - 86 Research Technician, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina Wilmington. 1984 Undergraduate Research, Friday Harbor Laboratory, University of Washington. 1983 - 85 Undergraduate Research, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina Wilmington.

PUBLICATIONS 01. Freshwater, D.W. & D.F. Kapraun. 1986. Field, culture and cytological studies of Porphyra carolinensis Coll et Cox (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) from North Carolina. Japanese Journal of Phycology 34:251-262. 02. Kapraun, D.F. & D.W. Freshwater. 1987. Karyological studies of five species of Porphyra (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) from the North Atlantic and Mediterranean. Phycologia 26:82-87. 03. Freshwater, D.W. 1988. Relative genome-size differences among populations of Spartina alterniflora Loisel. (Poaceae) along East and Gulf Coast of USA. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 120:239-246. 04. Lüning, K. & D.W. Freshwater. 1988. Temperature tolerance of Northeast Pacific marine algae. Journal of Phycology 24:310-315. 05. Freshwater, D.W. & D.F. Kapraun. 1989. Spheroplast isolation and propagation of Porphyra carolinensis Coll et Cox for mariculture. Aquaculture 81:101-110. 06. Freshwater, D.W., J.A. Dutcher, D.F. Kapraun & R.K. Sizemore. 1990. Variation in nuclear DNA base pair composition (mol % G+C) in three orders of green marine algae. In. S. Lindstrom & P. Gabrielson [eds.], Proceedings of the 13th International Seaweed Symposium. Hydrobiologia 204/205:167-172. 07. Freshwater, D.W. 1991. Army corps of engineers - environmental protection agency mitigation policy memorandum of agreement. A review. Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society 107:96-101. 08. Freshwater, D.W. 1993. Cytophotometric estimation of inter- and intraspecific variation in nuclear DNA content in ten taxa of the Gelidiales (Rhodophyta). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 166:231-240. 09. Kapraun, D.F., J.A. Dutcher & D.W. Freshwater. 1993. Quantification and characterization of nuclear genomes in commercial red seaweeds : Gracilariales & Gelidiales. In. A.R.O. Chapman, M.T. Brown & M. Lahaye [eds.], Proceedings of the 14th International Seaweed Symposium. Hydrobiologia 260/261:679-688. 10. Kapraun, D.F., J.A. Dutcher & D.W. Freshwater. 1993. DNA base composition heterogeneity in some Rhodophyta. Cryptogamic Botany 4:97-106. 11. Freshwater, D.W. & J. Rueness. 1994. Phylogenetic relationships of some European (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) species based upon rbcL nucleotide sequence analysis. Phycologia 33:187- 194. 12. Hommersand, M.H., S. Fredericq & D.W. Freshwater. 1994. Phylogenetic systematics and biogeography of the (, Rhodophyta) based on nucleotide sequence analysis of rbcL. Botanica Marina 37:193-203. 13. Freshwater, D.W., S. Fredericq, B.S. Butler, M.H. Hommersand & M.W. Chase. 1994. A gene phylogeny of the (Rhodophyta) based on plastid-encoded rbcL. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 91:7281-7285. 14. Freshwater, D.W., S. Fredericq & M.H. Hommersand. 1995. A molecular phylogeny of the Gelidiales (Rhodophyta) based on analysis of plastid rbcL nucleotide sequences. Journal of Phycology 31:614-630. 15. Fell, J.W., T. Boekhout & D.W. Freshwater. 1995. The role of nucleotide sequence analysis in the systematics of the yeast genera Cryptococcus and Rhodotorula. Studies in Mycology 38:129-146. 16. Sarver, S., D.W. Freshwater & P.J. Walsh. 1996. Phylogenetic relationships of western Atlantic snappers (Family Lutjanidae) based on mitochondrial DNA sequences. Copeia 1996(3):715-721. 17. Fredericq, S., M.H. Hommersand & D.W. Freshwater. 1996. The molecular systematics of some carrageenan-containing marine red algae based on rbcL sequence analysis. Proceedings of the 15th International Seaweed Symposium. Hydrobiologia.326/327:125-135. 18. Bailey, J.C. & D.W. Freshwater. 1997. Molecular systematics of the Gelidiales: Inferences from separate and combined analyses of plastid rbcL and nuclear SSU gene sequences. European Journal of Phycology 32:343-352. 19. Freshwater, D.W. & J.C. Bailey. 1998. A multigene phylogeny of the Gelidiales including nuclear large-subunit rRNA sequence data. Proceedings of the II International Workshop on Gelidium. Journal of Applied Phycology 10:229-236. 20. Freshwater, D.W., S. Fredericq & J.C. Bailey. 1999. Characteristics and utility of nuclear encoded large-subunit ribosomal gene sequences in phylogenetic studies of red algae. Phycological Research 47:33-38. 21. O'Brien, D.L. & D.W. Freshwater. 1999. Genetic diversity within tall form Spartina alterniflora Loisel. along the atlantic and gulf coasts of the United States. Wetlands 19:352-358. 22. Hommersand, M.H., S. Fredericq, D.W. Freshwater & J. Hughey. 1999. Recent developments in the systematics of the Gigartinaceae (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) based on rbcL sequence analysis and morphological evidence. Phycological Research 47:139-151. 23. Fredericq, S., D.W. Freshwater & M.H. Hommersand. 1999. Observations on the phylogenetic systematics and biogeography of the (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) inferred from rbcL sequences and morphological evidence. Proceedings of the 16th International Seaweed Symposium. Hydrobiologia 398/399:25-38. 24. Kraft, G.T., L. Liao, A.J.K. Millar, E.G.G. Coppejans, M.H. Hommersand & D.W. Freshwater. 1999. Marine benthic red algae (Rhodophyta) from Bulusan, Sorsogon Province, southern Luzon, Philippines. Philippine Scientist 36:1-50. 25. Freshwater, D.W., C. Kyhn-Hansen, S.K. Sarver & P.J. Walsh. 2000. Phylogeny of Opsanus spp. (Batrachoididae) inferred from multiple mitochondrial DNA sequences. Marine Biology 136:961-968. 26. Sarver, S.K., D.W. Freshwater & P.J. Walsh. 2000. The occurrence of the Brazilian sub-species of the spiny lobster (Panulirus argus westonii) in Florida waters. Fishery Bulletin 98:870-873. 27. Thomas, D.T. & D.W. Freshwater. 2001. Studies of Costa Rican Gelidiales (Rhodophyta): four Caribbean taxa including Pterocladiella beachii sp. nov. Phycologia 40:340-350. 28. Freshwater, D.W., D.T. Thomas & J.C. Bailey. 2002. Characterization of a cDNA encoding glutamine synthetase II from Gelidium crinale (Rhodophyta). Phycological Research 50:17-22. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1440-1835.2002.00249.x/abstract 29. Ray, D.K., D.W. Freshwater & Wm. D. Webster. 2002. Multiplex PCR identification of eastern and allegheny woodrats in zones of contact. Journal of Wildlife Management 66:86-90. 30. McDermid, K.J., M.C. Gregoritza & D.W. Freshwater. 2002. A new record of a second seagrass species from the Hawaiian archipelago: Halophila decipiens Ostenfeld (Hydrocharitaceae). Aquatic Botany 74:257-262. 31. Tronchin, E.M., D.W. Freshwater, J.J. Bolton & R.J. Anderson. 2002. A reassessment and reclassification of species in the genera Onikusa Akatsuka and Suhria J. Agardh ex Endlicher (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) based on molecular and morphological data. Botanica Marina 45:548-558. 32. Rico, J.M., D.W. Freshwater, K.G. Norwood & M.D. Guiry. 2002. Morphology and systematics of tenuissima (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) from Gran Canaria (Canary Islands, Spain). Phycologia 41:463-469. 33. Waycott, M., D.W. Freshwater, R.A. York, A. Calladine & W.J. Kenworthy. 2002. Evolutionary trends in the seagrass genus Halophila (Thouars): insights from molecular phylogeny. Bulletin of Marine Science 71:1299-1308. 34. McDermid, K.J., M.C. Gregoritza, J. W. Reeves & D.W. Freshwater. 2003. Morphological, ecological and genetic variation among populations of the endemic seagrass Halophila hawaiiana (Hydrocharitaceae) in the Hawaiian Archipelago. Pacific Science 57:199-209. 35. Tronchin, E.M., D.W. Freshwater & J.J. Bolton. 2003. A re-evaluation of the species in the genera Beckerella and Ptilophora (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) based on molecular and morphological data. Phycologia 42:80-89. 36. Bailey, J.C., J.E. Gabel & D.W. Freshwater. 2004. Nuclear 18S rRNA gene sequence analyses indicate that the Mastophoroideae (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta) is a polyphyletic taxon. Phycologia 43:3-12. 37. Wynne, M.J. & D.W. Freshwater. 2004. Gelidium omanense sp. nov. (, Rhodophyta) from the Sultanate of Oman. Botanica Marina 47:64-72. 38. Tronchin, E.M., O. De Clerck, D.W. Freshwater, J.J. Bolton & R.J. Anderson. 2004. Ptilophora leliaertii and Ptilophora coppejansii, two new species of Gelidiales (Rhodophyta) from South Africa. European Journal of Phycology 39:395-410. 39. Olson, K.N., R.S. Melton, K.M. Yaudes, K.G. Norwood & D.W. Freshwater. 2004. Characteristics and utility of plastid-encoded 16S rRNA gene sequence data in phylogenetic studies of red algae. Journal of the North Carolina Academy of Sciences 120:143-151. http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncw/listing.aspx?id=9932 40. Shipp-Pennock, M.A., Wm.D. Webster & D.W. Freshwater. 2005. Systematics of the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) in the Mid-Atlantic region. Journal of Mammalogy 86:803-813. 41. Freshwater, D.W., S.K. Braly, B. Stuercke, R.M. Hamner & R.A. York. 2005. Phylogenetic analyses of North Carolina Rhodymeniales. I. The genus Asteromenia. Journal of the North Carolina Academy of Sciences 121: 49-55. 42. Millar, A.J.K. & D.W. Freshwater. 2005. Morphology and molecular phylogeny of the marine algal order Gelidiales (Rhodophyta) from New South Wales, including Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands. Australian Systematic Botany 18:215-263. 43. Freshwater, D.W., F. Montgomery, J.K. Greene, R.M. Hamner, M. Williams & P.E. Whitfield. 2006. Distribution and identification of an invasive Gracilaria species that is hampering commercial fishing operations in southeastern North Carolina, USA. Biological Invasions 8:631-637. 44. Hommersand, M.H., D.W. Freshwater, J.M. Lopez-Bautista & S. Fredericq. 2006. Proposal of the Euptiloteae Hommersand et Fredericq, trib. nov. and transfer of some southern hemisphere Ptiloteae to the Callithamnieae (Ceramiaceae, Rhodophyta). Journal of Phycology 42:203-225. 45. Freshwater, D.W., J.K. Greene, R.M. Hamner & F. Montgomery. 2006. Seasonality of the invasive seaweed Gracilaria vermiculophylla along the southeastern coast of North Carolina. Journal of the North Carolina Academy of Sciences 122:49-55. 46. Kapraun, D.F., K.S. Braly & D.W. Freshwater. 2007. Nuclear DNA content variation in the freshwater red algal orders Batrachospermales and Thoreales (Florideophyceae, Nemaliophycidae). Phycologia 46:54-62. 47. Rodríguez-Prieto, C., D.W. Freshwater & N. Sánchez. 2007. Vegetative and reproductive morphology of Gloiocladia repens (C. Agardh) Sánchez & Rodríguez-Prieto comb. nov. (Rhodymeniales, Rhodophyta), with a taxonomic re-assessment of the genera Fauchea and Gloiocladia. European Journal of Phycology 42:145-162. 48. Tronchin, E.M. & D.W. Freshwater. 2007. Four Gelidiales (Rhodophyta) new to Southern Africa, Aphanta pachyrrhiza gen. et sp. nov., Gelidium profundum sp. nov., Pterocladiella caerulescens and P. psammophila sp. nov. Phycologia 46:325-348. doi: 10.2216/06-73.1 49. Hamner, R.M., D.W. Freshwater & P.E. Whitfield. 2007. Mitochondrial cytochrome b analysis reveals two invasive lionfish species with strong founder effects in the western Atlantic. Journal of Fish Biology 71:214-222. 50. York, R.A., M.J. Durako, W.J. Kenworthy & D.W. Freshwater. 2008. Megagametogenesis in Halophila johnsonii, a threatened seagrass with no known seeds, and the seed-producing Halophila decipiens (Hydrocaritaceae). Aquatic Botany 88:277-282. 51. Lin, S-M. & D.W. Freshwater. 2008. The red algal genus Gelidiella (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) from Taiwan, including Gelidiella fanii sp. nov. Phycologia 47:168-176. 52. Morris, J.A. & D.W. Freshwater. 2008. Phenotypic variation of lionfish supraocular tentacles. Environmental Biology of Fishes 83:237-241. (DOI 10.1007/s10641-007-9326-2) 53. Stuercke, B. & D.W. Freshwater. 2008. Consistency of morphological characters used to delimit sensu lato species (Ceramiales, Florideophyceae): Analyses of North Carolina, USA specimens. Phycologia 47:541-559. 54. Hommersand, M.H. & D.W. Freshwater. 2009. Gracilaria hummii Hommersand et D.W. Freshwater sp. nov. (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta), a new name for the agarophyte “Gracilaria confervoides” harvested in North Carolina during World War II. Journal of Phycology 45:503-516. 55. Freshwater, D.W., R.M. Hamner, S. Parham & A.E. Wilbur. 2009. Molecular evidence that the lionfishes Pterois miles and Pterois volitans are distinct species. Journal of the North Carolina Academy of Sciences 125:39-46. 56. Huisman, J.M., J.C. Phillips & D.W. Freshwater. 2009. Rediscovery of Gelidiella ramellosa (Kützing) Feldmann et Hamel from near the type locality in Western Australia. Cryptogamie Algologie 30:3-16. 57. Freshwater, D.W., A. Hines, S. Parham, A.E. Wilbur, M. Sabaoun, J.L. Woodhead, L. Akins, B. Purdy, P.E. Whitfield & C.B. Paris. 2009. Mitochondrial control region sequence analyses indicate dispersal from the US East Coast as the source of the invasive Indo-Pacific lionfish Pterois volitans in the Bahamas. Marine Biology 156(6):1213-1221. doi: 10.1007/s00227-009-1163-8 58. Morris, J.A., J.L. Akins, A. Barse, D. Cerino, D.W. Freshwater, S. Green, R. Muñoz, C. Paris & P. Whitfield. 2009. Biology and ecology of the invasive lionfishes, Pterois miles and Pterois volitans. Proceedings of the Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute. 29:409-414. 59. Sagarin, R., J. Carlsson, M. Duval, D.W. Freshwater, M. Godfrey, W. Litaker, R. Muñoz, R. Noble, T. Schultz & B. Wynne. 2009. Bringing molecular tools into environmental resource management: Untangling the molecules to policy pathway. PLoS Biology 7(3): e1000069.doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1000069. 60. Freshwater, D.W. & S.L. Schmitt. 2009. Utility of FTA cards for the preservation of marine green and red algal DNA. Journal of the North Carolina Academy of Sciences 125(3):103-106. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/ref/collection/jncas/id/3933 61. Sánchez, N., D.W. Freshwater & C. Rodríguez-Prieto. 2010. Vegetative, reproductive and molecular characterization of Gloiocladia microspora (Faucheaceae, Rhodophyta). European Journal of Phycology 45(1):63-78. doi: 10.1080/09670260903323228 62. Stuercke, B. & D.W. Freshwater. 2010. Two new species of Polysiphonia (Ceramiales, Florideophyceae) from the western Atlantic. Botanic Marina 53:301-311. doi: 10.1515/BOT.2010.036 63. Freshwater, D.W., K. Tudor, K. O’Shaughnessy & B. Wysor. 2010. DNA barcoding in the red algal order Gelidiales: comparison of COI with rbcL and verification of the “barcoding gap”. Cryptogamie Algologie 31:435-449. http://connect.barcodeoflife.net/page/cryptogamie-vol-31-no-4-2010 64. Betancur-R, R., A. Hines, A. Acero, G. Ortí, A.E. Wilbur & D.W. Freshwater. 2011. Reconstructing the lionfish invasion: insights into Greater Caribbean biogeography. Journal of Biogeography 38:1281-1293. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02496.x 65. Mamoozadeh, N.R. & D.W. Freshwater. 2011. Taxonomic notes on five species of Polysiphonia sensu lato (Ceramiales, Florideophyceae) from the Caribbean. Botanica Marina 54:269-292. doi: 10.1515/BOT.2011.036 66. Kapraun, D.F. & D.W. Freshwater. 2012. Estimates of nuclear DNA content in red algal lineages. AoB Plants 2012; doi: 10.1093/aobpla/pls005. 67. Schneider, C.W., D.W. Freshwater & G.W. Saunders. 2012. First report of Halopeltis (Rhodophyta, Rhodymeniaceae) from the non-tropical Northern Hemisphere: H. adnata (Okamura) comb. nov. from Korea, and H. pellucida sp. nov. and H. willisii sp. nov. from the North Atlantic. Algae 27:95- 108; doi: 10.4490/algae.2012.27.2.095. 68. Mamoozadeh, N.R. & D.W. Freshwater. 2012. Polysiphonia sensu lato (Ceramiales, Florideophyceae) species of Caribbean Panama including Polysiphonia lobophoralis sp. nov. and Polysiphonia nuda sp. nov. Botanica Marina 55:317-347; doi: 10.1515/bot-2012-0147. 69. Schultz, T.F., C. Keelin-Fitzpatrick, D.W. Freshwater & J.A. Morris. 2013. Characterization of 18 polymorphic microsatellite loci from invasive lionfish (Pterois volitans and P. miles). Conservation Genetics Resources (published online: 5 Feb 2013 – doi: 10.1007/s12686-013-9860-5). 70. Rodríguez-Prieto, C., D.W. Freshwater & M.H. Hommersand. 2013. Vegetative and reproductive development of Mediterranean Gulsonia nodulosa (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) and its genetic affinities. Phycologia 52:357-367. doi: 10.2216/13–132.1 71. Freshwater, D.W. & J.N. Idol. 2013. Studies of North Carolina marine algae XIII. First reports of the genus Cottoniella (Rhodophyta, Sarcomeniaceae). Marine Biodiversity Records 6 (2013e88): 7 pp. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1755267213000651 72. Grusz, A.L. & D.W. Freshwater. 2014. Studies of Costa Rican Gelidiales (Florideophyceae): II. Two Pacific taxa including Gelidium microglossum sp. nov. Pacific Science 68(1):97-110. 73. O’Shaughnessy, K.A., D.W. Freshwater & E.J. Burge. 2014. Prevalence of the invasive rhizocephalan parasite Loxothylacus panopaei in Eurypanopeus depressus and genetic relationships of the parasite in North and South Carolina. Journal of Parasitology 100(4):447-454. doi: dx.doi.org/10.1645/13-435.1. 74. Rodríguez-Prieto, C., D.W. Freshwater & M.H. Hommersand. 2014. Morphology and phylogenetic systematics of Ptilocladiopsis horrida and proposal of the Ptilocladiopsidaceae fam. nov. (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta). Phycologia 53:383-395. 75. Whitfield, P.E., R.C. Muñoz, C.A. Buckel, B.P. Degan, D.W. Freshwater & J.A. Hare. 2014. Native fish community structure and Indo-Pacific lionfish (Pterois volitans) densities along a depth- temperature gradient in Onslow Bay, North Carolina, USA. Marine Ecology Progress Series 509:241-254. doi: 10.3354/meps10882 76. Iha, C., D. Milstein, S.M.P.B. Guimarães, D.W. Freshwater & M.C. Oliveira. 2015. DNA barcoding reveals high diversity in the Gelidiales of the Brazilian southeast coast. Botanica Marina 58(4):295- 305. DOI 10.1515/bot-2014-0069 77. Freshwater, D.W., P.E. Whitfield, C.A. Buckel, R.C. Muñoz & B.P. Degan. 2016. Epibenthic community assessments indicate high spatial and temporal variability among continental shelf hard bottom sites in a marine transition zone. Regional Studies in Marine Science 5:41-50. doi: 10.1016/j.rsma.2016.01.005. 78. Iha, C., K.A. O’Shaughnessy, S.M.P.B. Guimarães, M.C. Oliveira & D.W. Freshwater. 2016. Taxonomic reappraisal of Gelidium coarctatum (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) and Gelidium lineare sp. nov. from the tropical Western Atlantic. Phycologia 55: 555-563. doi: 10.2216/16- 17.1. 79. Boo, G.H., L. Le Gall, K.A. Miller, D.W. Freshwater, T. Wernberg, R. Terada, K.J. Yoon & S.M. Boo. 2016. A novel phylogeny of the Gelidiales (Rhodophyta) based on five genes including the nuclear CesA, with descriptions of Orthogonacladia gen. nov. and Orthogonacladiaceae fam. nov. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 101:359-372. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.05.018. 80. Rodríguez-Prieto, C., D.W. Freshwater & M.H. Hommersand. 2016. Gracilaria corallicola and G. multipartita (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta), two related flattened European species. European Journal of Phycology 51:444-460. doi: 10.1080/09670262.2016.1201867. 81. Collin, R., S. Fredericq, D.W. Freshwater, E. Gilbert, M. Madrid, S. Maslakova, M.P. Miglietta, R.M. Rocha, E. Rodríguez & R.W. Thacker. 2016. TAXAGLOS - a glossary and translation tool for biodiversity studies. Biodiversity Data Journal 4:e10732 (21 Dec 2016). doi: 10.3897/BDJ.4.e10732 82. Díaz-Tapia, P., L. McIvor, D. W. Freshwater, H. Verbruggen, M.J. Wynne & C.A. Maggs. 2017. The genera Bornet & Falkenberg and Vertebrata S.F. Gray constitute well-defined clades of the red algal tribe Polysiphonieae (, Ceramiales). European Journal of Phycology 52:1-30. DOI 10.1080/09670262.2016.1256436. 83. Freshwater, D.W., J.N. Idol, S.L. Parham, C. Fernández-García, N. León, P.W. Gabrielson & B.L. Wysor. 2017. Molecular assisted identification reveals hidden red algae diversity from the Burica Peninsula, Pacific Panama. Diversity 9, 19; DOI 10.3390/d9020019. 84. Taylor, R.L., J.C. Bailey & D.W. Freshwater. 2017. Systematics of Cladophora spp. (Chlorophyta) from North Carolina, USA, based upon morphology and DNA sequence data with a description of Cladophora subtilissima sp. nov. Journal of Phycology 53:541-556. DOI 10.1111/jpy12510. 85. Iha, C., M. Jamas, S.M.P.B. Guimarães, M.T. Fujii, D.W. Freshwater & M.C. Oliveira. 2017. Pterocladiella (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) species of Brazil including morphological studies of Pterocladiella media and a reassessment of Pterocladiella taylorii. Phycologia 56:624-637. DOI 10.2216/17-8.1. 86. Conti-Jerpe, I.E. & D.W. Freshwater. 2017. Hedera caerulescens (Alcyonacea: Alcyoniidae), a new genus and species of soft coral from the temperate North Atlantic: invasive in its known range? Invertebrate Systematics 31:723-733. DOI 10.1071/IS16069. 87. Richards, J.L., P.W. Gabrielson, J.R. Hughey & D.W. Freshwater. 2018. A re-evaluation of subtidal Lithophyllum species (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) from North Carolina, USA, and the proposal of L. searlesii sp. nov. Phycologia 57:318-330. DOI 10.2216/17-110.1. 88. Hardesty, D.M. & D.W. Freshwater. 2018. Studies of North Carolina marine algae XIV. Increased diversity of flattened Gracilaria (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta) species revealed by DNA sequences of contemporary specimens and the G. mammillaris type. Botanica Marina 61:407-413. DOI 10.1515/bot-2017-0120. 89. LaCroce, M.E., Z. Long & D.W. Freshwater. 2018. Seasonal diversity and composition of epibenthic organisms on a North Carolina, USA continental shelf hard bottom. Regional Studies in Marine Science 24:196-202. DOI 10.1016/j.rsma.2018.08.008. 90. Freshwater, D.W. & L. Shahnaz. 2019. Phylogenetic relationships of Pakistan Gelidium (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) species with recognition of Gelidium pakistanicum stat. nov. Botanica Marina 62:141- 147. DOI 10.1515/bot-2018-0121. 91. Perrone, C., A. Bottalico, G.H. Boo, S.M. Boo, K.A. Miller & D.W. Freshwater. 2019. Gelidium adriaticum sp. nov. and Gelidium carolinianum sp. nov. (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) from the Mediterranean Sea. Phycologia 58:359-373. DOI 10.1080/00318884.2019.1580102. 92. Comacho, O., C. Fernández-García, C. Vieira, C.F.D. Gurgel, D.W. Freshwater & S. Fredericq. 2019. The genus Lobophora (Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae) in the Western Atlantic and Eastern Pacific Oceans with a description of eight new species. Journal of Phycology 55:611-624. DOI 10.1111/jpy.12850. 93. Woodworth, K.A., T.A. Frankovich & D.W. Freshwater. 2019. Melanothamnus maniticola sp. nov. (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta): An epizoic species evolved for living on the West Indian Manatee. Journal of Phycology 55:1239-1245. DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12912. 94. LaCroce, M.E., Z.T. Long & D.W. Freshwater. 2020. Seasonality and disturbance recovery of the epibenthic community on a warm-temperate hard bottom. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology & Ecology (online prior to print) DOI: 10.1016/j.jembe.2019.151283. 95. Freshwater, D.W., S. Scott, E.M. Tronchin & G.W. Saunders. 2020. Reassessment of Tristan da Cunha Gelidium (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) species. Botanic Marina (in press).

EDITED WEB PAGES, PUBLIC DATABASE PRODUCTS, BOOK REVIEWS, OBITUARIES and ONE-TIME PUBLICATIONS Freshwater, D.W. & M.D. Hanisak. 1997. In memoriam Kimon T. Bird (1951-1996). Journal of Applied Phycology 9:389-392. Freshwater, D.W. 2000. Rhodophyta (page version 2). In D.R. Maddison (ed.), The Tree of Life: A multi-authored, distributed Internet project containing information about phylogeny and biodiversity. Posted 08/2000. Freshwater, D.W. 2000. Florideophyceae (page version 2). In D.R. Maddison (ed.), The Tree of Life: A multi-authored, distributed Internet project containing information about phylogeny and biodiversity. Posted 08/2000. Freshwater, D.W. 2002. Gelidiales (page version 1). In D. R. Maddison (ed.), The Tree of Life: A multi- authored, distributed Internet project containing information about phylogeny and biodiversity. Posted 05/2002. Freshwater, D.W. 2006. Barry G. Hall, Phylogeny for physiologists: A Pragmatic Guide to Building Trees, Phylogenetic Trees Made Easy: A How-To Manual (2nd edition), Sinauer Associates, Inc., Sunderland MA, USA (2004) June, 192 pages, 137 illustrations. Published in Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology –Part D: Genomics and Proteomics 1:163-166. Stuercke, B. & D.W. Freshwater. 2006. Rhodomelaceae (page version 1). In D. R. Maddison (ed.), The Tree of Life: A multi-authored, distributed Internet project containing information about phylogeny and biodiversity. http://tolweb.org/Rhodomelaceae/23531 , Posted 09/2006. Kelly, J. & D.W. Freshwater. 2007. Bocas del Toro Species Database. 5 species pages for Rhodophyta and 5 for Phaeophyta. http://striweb.si.edu/bocas_database/, posted May 2007. Albis Salas, M.R., J. Alden, O.M. Camacho Hadad, R. Collin, M.C. Diaz Ruiz, A. Driskell, C. Fernández Garcia, R. Fikes, S. Fredericq, D.W. Freshwater, A. Fricke, K. Miklasz, A.E. Planas Orellana, J. Samper Villareal, L. Sargent, T. Sauvage, S. Schmitt & B. Wysor. 2008. Field Guide to Common Marine Algae of the Bocas del Toro Area, 1st edition. Training in Tropical Taxonomy – Tropical Field Phycology Workshop publication. 51 pp. Freshwater, D.W., S.L. Parham, S. Lyon, P.R. Phillips. 2014. MANCNSF, publicly available DNA sequence and specimen data for marine algae of North Carolina. Barcode of Life Data Systems, dx.doi.org/10.5883/DS-MANCNSF. Gabrielson, P.W., C.M. Jenkins, M.P. Raffo, C. Stalnaker, R. Taylor, N. Treneman & D.W. Freshwater. 2014. MASJI-1: A.L.G.A.E. (Always Looking Good And Enthusiastic), publicly available DNA sequence and specimen data for marine algae of the San Juan Islands. Barcode of Life Data Systems, dx.doi.org/10.5883/DS-MASJI01. O’Shaughnessy, K.A., C. Iha & D.W. Freshwater. 2016. DS-GLINCARP: Gelidium lineare sp. nov. from Caribbean Panama, publicly available DNA sequence and specimen data for marine algae of Panama. Barcode of Life Data Systems, dx.doi.org/10.5883/DS-GLINCARP. Taylor, R.L. & D.W. Freshwater. 2016. DS-NCLADO1: Sequence and specimen data for North Carolina Cladophora species. Barcode of Life Data Systems, dx.doi.org/10.5883/DS-NCLADO1. Hardesty, D.M. & D.W. Freshwater. 2016. DS-NCGRAC1: Sequence and specimen data for flattened Gracilaria species from North Carolina offshore waters. Barcode of Life Data Systems, dx.doi.org/10.5883/DS-NCGRAC1. Parham, S.L., J.N. Idol, M.E. LaCroce & D.W. Freshwater. 2017. DS-RAPBPAN: Sequence and specimen data for red algae of Punta Burica, Panama. Barcode of Life Data Systems, dx.doi.org/10.5883/DS-RAPBAN. Woodworth, K.A. & D.W. Freshwater. 2018. DS-MASJI-3: A.L.G.A.E. (Always Looking Good And Enthusiastic), publicly available DNA sequence and specimen data for marine algae of the Salish Sea area. Barcode of Life Data Systems, dx.doi.org/ Aizen, V.V., B.M. Armos, J.L. Hahn, R.P. Kittle, V.M.E. Owen, F.P. Perez, E. Poulin, M.A. Rocha, M. Rojas-Angulo, J. Rouske, D.P. Spencer, K.J. Tonra, K.A. Woodworth, A.N. Zuelow, C. Wells, D.W. Freshwater & T.F. Mumford. 2018. DS-MASJI-5: A.L.G.A.E. (Always Looking Good And Enthusiastic), publicly available DNA sequence and specimen data for marine algae of the Salish Sea area. Barcode of Life Data Systems, dx.doi.org/10.5883/DS-MASJI05. Freshwater, D.W. 2019. Multi-year bottom water temperature data along a depth gradient in southwestern Onslow Bay, North Carolina. Southeast Coastal Ocean Observing Regional Association web portal (SECOORA). https://portal.secoora.org/?&sensor_version=v2#metadata/2061/sensor_source/list Woodworth, K.A. & D.W. Freshwater. 2019. DS-ManPoly1: Melanothamnus maniticolus specimen and sequence data set 1. Barcode of Life Data Systems, dx.doi.org/10.5883/DS-MANPOLY1.

FUNDING, CONTRACTS AND AWARDS

2020 - 21 NC Sea Grant (PI) What are the contributions of macroalgae to marine food webs supporting North Carolina fisheries. 2019 - 19 Moffatt and Nichol Contract Bottom Survey of Potential Oyster Reefs 2014 - 15 NOAA-National Ocean Service (PI) Analysis of Photoquadrat Images for Marine Seafloor and Benthic Biological Communities. 2014 - 15 NC Sea Grant (PI) Abundance and Northward Range Shifts of Tropical Macroalgae and Associated Ciguatera-causing Dinoflagellates (Gambierdiscus spp.) on the North Carolina Shelf. 2013 British Phycological Society Hilda Canter-Lund Photography Award 2013 Shortlist 2013 Duke-UNC Oceanography Consortium Program (coPI) A Proposal to the Duke-UNC Oceanography Consortium in support of biodiversity research and education in the coastal areas of Southeastern North Carolina. 2013 National Science Foundation/Biodiversity Surveys & Inventories (PI) REU Supplement: Collaborative Research: Marine Algal Diversity of Southern Central America 2012 National Science Foundation/Biodiversity Surveys & Inventories (PI) REU Supplement: Collaborative Research: Marine Algal Diversity of Southern Central America 2011 - 12 Center for Marine Science - Marine Science Research Pilot Projects (PI) Spatial and temporal dynamics of marine algae on NC hardbottoms: preliminary data required for an NSF proposal. 2010 – 12 National Science Foundation/Biodiversity Surveys & Inventories (PI) REU Supplement: Collaborative Research: Marine Algal Diversity of Southern Central America 2009 – 12 National Science Foundation/Biodiversity Surveys & Inventories (PI) REU Supplement: Collaborative Research: Marine Algal Diversity of Southern Central America 2009 2007-2008 Hilda Canter-Lund Photomicrograph Award from the British Phycological Society 2008 - 12 National Science Foundation/Biodiversity Surveys & Inventories (PI) RUI: Collaborative Research: Marine Algal Diversity of Southern Central America 2008 Marine Science Network (coPI) MSN Workshop: Taxonomy, phylogeny, and DNA barcoding of Bocas del Toro seaweeds 2007 - 08 National Science Foundation/Major Research Instrumentation Program, Research Opportunity Award (ROA) Supplement (PI) Acquisition of instrumentation to enhance the capabilities for research and teaching of the DNA Analysis Core Facility at the Center for Marine Science 2006 - 08 National Science Foundation/Major Research Instrumentation Program (PI) Acquisition of instrumentation to enhance the capabilities for research and teaching of the DNA Analysis Core Facility at the Center for Marine Science 2006 - 07 National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Association (NOAA) (PI) Genetic analysis of invasive lionfish 2005 - 06 National Science Foundation/Systematics PEET Program (PI) REU supplement: Monographic research and phylogenetic investigations of the Ceramiales (Rhodophyta) 2004 - 06 National Undersea Research Center (coPI) Assessment of the Status and Risk Posed by the Invasive Lionfish in North Carolina Hardbottom Communities 2003 - 09 National Science Foundation/Systematics PEET Program (coPI) Monographic research and phylogenetic investigations of the Ceramiales (Rhodophyta) 2003 - 05 North Carolina SeaGrant (coPI) Identification, distribution and seasonality of a Gracilaria species that is hampering commercial fishing operations in southeastern North Carolina 2003 - 04 Center for Marine Science - Marine Science Research Pilot Projects (PI) Preliminary work towards the development of a NSF Biodiversity Surveys & Inventories proposal to study the marine algae of New Caledonia 2003 - 04 NOAA National Ocean Service (PI) Preliminary testing of AFLPs for detecting genets of Halophila johnsonii 2003 North Carolina SeaGrant (PI) Identification and distribution of an abundant Gracilaria species in southeastern North Carolina 2002 - 03 NOAA National Ocean Service (PI) Analyses of genotypic variation and phylogenetic relationships of Halophila johnsonii 2002 - 03 Center for Marine Science - Marine Science Research Pilot Projects (PI) A multi-investigator request for computer software and hardware enhancement of the CMS DNA analysis core facility 2002 - 03 Center for Marine Science - Marine Science Research Pilot Projects (coPI) Complete gene map of the mitochondrial genome of the photosynthetic chromist Fibrocapsa japonica (Raphidophyceae) 2002 Australian Biological Resources Study (ABRS) Participatory Program (coPI) Morphology and molecular phylogeny of the brown algal order Sporochnales and red algal order Gelidiales of Australia 2002 Visiting Researcher Fellowship, Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney 2001 - 02 NOAA National Ocean Service (coPI) Reproductive biology, population dynamics, dispersal and genetic diversity of the endangered seagrass, Halophila johnsonii 2001 - 02 North Carolina Biotechnology Center (coPI) An ABI 3100 genetic analyzer for the DNA analysis core facility at CMS, UNCW 2001 US Fish and Wildlife Service (coPI) Distributional status of the Buxton Woods white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus ssp. nov.) 2001 - 02 National Science Foundation/Systematics and Population Biology (PI) REU Supplement - Molecular and Morphological Studies of Evolution in the Gelidiales (Rhodophyta) 2000 - 01 NOAA National Ocean Service (coPI) Reproductive biology, population dynamics, dispersal and genetic diversity of the endangered seagrass, Halophila johnsonii 2000 - 01 National Science Foundation/Systematics and Population Biology (PI) REU Supplement - Molecular and Morphological Studies of Evolution in the Gelidiales (Rhodophyta) 2000 - 01 Center for Marine Science - Marine Science Research Pilot Projects (coPI) Isolation and characterization of selected nuclear- and plastid-encoded genes in Alexandrium tamarense 1999 - 00 North Carolina SeaGrant (coPI) Initial investigation of genetic selection based on water quality parameters for the American Oyster 1998 - 01 National Science Foundation/Systematics and Population Biology (PI) Molecular and Morphological Studies of Evolution in the Gelidiales (Rhodophyta) 1998 - 99 Cooperative Institute for Fisheries and Oceanography (PI) Determination of Genetic Diversity in the Proposed Threatened Species Halophila johnsonii Eiseman 1998 MARINALG INTERNATIONAL honorary certificate 1997 CMSR Visiting Summer Researcher Support 1996 NOAA/NURC Short Term Project Support 1993 BSA Botanical Congress Travel Award 1992 Dr. W. C. Coker Fellowship, UNC-CH 1992 Hoshaw Travel Award, Phycological Society of America 1992 Sigma Xi Grants-in-Aid of Research 1992 G.R. Cooley Trust Grant, UNC-CH 1991 G.R. Cooley Trust Grant, UNC-CH 1990 H.V. Wilson Scholarship, UNC-CH 1986 - 87 Martha Sue Sebastian Graduate Teaching Award, NCSU 1985 Department of Biological Sciences Achievement Award, UNCW 1984 - 85 Undergraduate Research Fellowship, UNCW 1984 Hydrobotanical Undergraduate Research Fellowship. 1983 - 84 Undergraduate Research Fellowship, UNCW

STUDENT DIRECTION Bradley S. Butler, Co-director Undergraduate Honor Research, UNC-CH. Heather A. Cummings, Co-director Undergraduate Honors Research, UNCW. David L. O'Brien, Co-chairman Master's Committee, UNCW. David T. Thomas, Co-chairman Master's Committee, UNCW. Robert A. York, Co-chairman Master's Committee, UNCW. Rachel S. Melton, Co-chairman Undergraduate Honors Research, UNCW Brooke Stuercke, Chairman Master's Committee, UNCW Rebecca Hamner, Co-chairman Undergraduate Honors Research, UNCW Nadya R. Mamoozadeh, Chairmen Master’s Committee, UNCW Samantha L. Schmitt, Co-chairman Master’s Committee, UNCW Jennifer N. Idol, Co-chairman Master’s Committee, UNCW Robin L. Taylor, Co-chairman Master’s Committee, UNCW Deanna Hardesty, Co-chairman Undergraduate Honors Research, UNCW Melissa E. LaCroce, Co-chairman Master’s Committee, UNCW

Directed Individual Studies & Undergraduate Research Students: Jennifer Gettinger Corinne Williams Jessica Novak Robert York Andrea Wimmers Claus Kyhn-Hansen Emily Bowman Kim Norwood Beth Groce Krista Yaudes Kalen Olsen Jason Reeves Harris Muhlstein Julie Greene Melissa Williams Katherine Braly Seth Parham Jennifer Kelly Amanda Gruzs Sarah Gillenwater Andrew Hines Leah Holmes Sarah Fahn Kelly Tudor Samantha Lasater Kathryn O’Shaughnessy Jessica Luker Macklin A. Corum P. Ryan Phillips Rebecca J. Wilson Sarina F. Lyon Lucas M. Carnevale Karen A. Woodworth Cathryn Miller Tucker Hand Cathryn Miller

SEMINARS AND INVITED PRESENTATIONS

“Sequence Analysis of the rbcL Gene in the Systematics of the Red Algae.” XV International Botanical Congress, Tokyo - September 1993. “Phycological Pholies in Phylogenetics.” Department of Marine Biology and Fisheries, University of Miami - March 1994, and Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, Ocean Springs, MS - August 1994. “Characteristics of rbcL Sequences and Their Use in Addressing Phylogenetic Questions in Red Algae.” Department of Botany, Louisiana State University - June 1995. “Looking at Red Algal Evolution with DNA Sequences.” Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Wilmington - Dec. 1995, and Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico - Nov. 1996. “Multigene Phylogenies Identify Evolutionary Lineages Based on Reproductive Strategies in the Gelidiales.” Department of Botany, Duke University - March 1997 and Department of Biology, Fresno State University - April 1997. “Multigene Phylogenies Identify Evolutionary Lineages Based on Nutritional Strategies of the Cystocarp in the Gelidiales.” II International Workshop on Gelidium, Canary Islands - Dec. 1997. “The Hare & Tortoise, the Three Bears, and Other Phycological Phables - Comments on Multigene Phylogenies and Evolution in the Gelidiales.” University of Connecticut - March 1998. “The Correlation of DNA Sequence and Ontogeny/Morphology Data in Studies of Red Algal Evolution.” 2nd Asian Pacific Phycological Forum, Hong Kong - June 1999. “Results of the Australia - U.S. Cooperative Gelidiales Research Laboratory: Part 1. Getting Started.” Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney, Sydney, Australia - Sept. 2002. “Halophila johnsonii: Studies of Genetics and Evolution.” Halophila johnsonii Recovery Team Meeting, St. Petersburgh, Florida - Feb. 2003. “Molecular and Morphological Studies of the Gelidiales, Bornet's "genre diabolique". Department of Botany, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, O'ahu, Hawaiian Islands - Apr. 2003. “Application of Molecular Data to Studies of Algal Phylogeny & Taxonomy - Lectures I & II.” Dottorato in Biologia delle algahe: convocazione Collegio docenti e dottorandi del XVI-XVII ciclo, Messina, Italy - 14 & 15 October 2003. “Lionfish – Kings of the Offshore Jungle: A Comprehensive Look at the Western Atlantic Invasion.” Planet Ocean Seminar Series, Center for Marine Science. 11 March 2008. “Answering Management Questions with Molecular Analyses: Examples from an Invasive Marine Alga and Lionfishes.” Marine Environmental Management Seminar Series, University of the Virgin Islands. 16 November 2010.