DOCSLIB.ORG

Cyberinfrastructure |

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Cyberinfrastructure | Cyberinfrastructure is an idea that has emerged over the past decade or so from some basic Cyberinfrastructure in Action technological realities: To iron out many of the technical wrinkles, the The Internet has become far more than an e- computer science community is mail carrier; collaborating with many Microchip technology is filling our homes, our potential beneficiaries in the scientific cars, and even our pockets with ever-shrinking community and beyond to develop a computing devices; and number of ongoing NSF-supported Databases are piling up information faster than cyberinfrastructure projects. Here are anyone can make sense of it all. just a few: The convergence of these and other trends have Extensible Terascale Facility: This led researchers to envision a tightly integrated, NSF-supported collaboration, planet-wide grid of computing, information, commonly called the TeraGrid, is a networking and sensor resources--a grid that we multi-year effort to prototype a widely could one day tap as easily as we now use a shared, comprehensive power socket or a water faucet. cyberinfrastructure for academic research and education. That analogy is the source of the name, “cyber- infrastructure,” and is quite apt. Modern Networked Infomechanical researchers are coming to depend on Systems: In NIMS, robotic cyberinfrastructure, even in its current embryonic sensors suspended from a form, in much the same way that modern society network of cables move relies on its physical infrastructure to provide themselves around to monitor, for This animation depicts a hypothetical electricity, water, telephones and roads. In many example, a mountain stream researcher using a well-established disciplines, moreover, the results promise to be as ecosystem from the ground to the cyberinfrastructure to apply the power of revolutionary as the coming of water and electric treetops. the world's highest-performance digital power was for our cities. resources Virus War Games: The DETER project allows researchers to study Credit: Animation by Nicolle Rager, With a well-established cyberinfrastructure, National Science Foundation. individual researchers will have the power of the cybersecurity issues for Internet Simulation Image by John Dubinski, world's highest-performance digital resources at infrastructure and develop defense Department of Astronomy and their disposal. And teams of researchers will mechanisms in a controlled Astrophysics and Canadian Institute for attempt to answer questions that had previously environment. Theoretical Astrophysics, University of been unapproachable because the requirements Toronto. Data, Tools, Community: Unidata Telescope Image by Todd Boroson, were too much, too hard, too long or too complex. NOAO/AURA/NSF provides software infrastructure, data "New instrumentation, data-handling and services and collaboration technologies computation capabilities will expand the horizons as part of building a community for of what scientists can study and understand," said acquiring, organizing and using Margaret Leinen, head of NSF's Geosciences geoscience and geographic data. directorate. "Cyberinfrastructure is empowering a new generation of researchers in their quest to Essential Privacy: Because of the unravel how the world around us works." proliferation of online sensitive data, the PORTIA project focuses on the In environmental science for example, technical challenges of handling cyberinfrastructure combines computing, sensitive data and the policy and legal information management, networking and issues facing data subjects, owners and intelligent sensing systems into powerful tools for users. investigating the natural world and the human- Crisis Response: Project RESCUE is HPWREN's relay on Palomar Mountain, built environment. The full complexity of the with smoke from the July 2003 Coyote environment, from the molecular scale to the transforming the way responding wildfire rising in the distance. The planetary, requires collecting and analyzing large organizations gather, manage, use and HPWREN team established a wireless volumes of data, performing experiments with disseminate information within network link to the California computer models and bringing together emergency response networks and to Department of Forestry and Fire the general public. Protection's operations camp for fighting collaborators from many disciplines. For example, the Coyote fire in northeastern San as part of cyberinfrastructure, large-scale sensor Diego County. networks or experimental instruments could feed Wireless Without Limits: real-time data streams into vast data grids where The HPWREN and ROADnet Credit: High Performance Wireless they can be funneled directly into ongoing projects extend wireless Research and Education Network research and education ()HPWREN computational simulations or shared as a community resource. networks to remote astronomy observatories, Indian reservations and Nearly all scientific disciplines grapple with similar even ocean-going vessels. challenges in managing and analyzing vast amounts of data and complex processes across many scales. "The emerging cyberinfrastructure that NSF supports is a product of the scientific community's demands for and reliance on information and communications technologies," said Peter Freeman, head of NSF's Computer and Information Science and Engineering (CISE) directorate. Cyberinfrastructure has become a common theme throughout NSF, and every directorate has funded or is exploring cyberinfrastructure-related projects. The NSF's larger goal for a national cyberinfrastructure is to provide the information technology and knowledge management resources needed to tackle the problems at the frontiers of all science and engineering disciplines. By David Hart "[E]nvironments and organizations, enabled by cyberinfrastructure, are increasingly required to Grassroots Cyberinfrastructure address national and global priorities, such as understanding global climate change, protecting The demand for our natural environment, applying genomics- cyberinfrastructure has come proteomics to human health, maintaining national from research communities security, mastering the world of nanotechnology, that recognize the many ways and predicting and protecting against natural and it will allow them to push the scientific human disasters, as well as to address some of envelope. Here are a few of the our most fundamental intellectual questions such disciplines and NSF-supported projects as the formation of the universe and the in the grassroots drive for fundamental character of matter." cyberinfrastructure. That’s how the NSF Blue Ribbon Advisory Physics: The Grid Physics Network Committee in their report, Revolutionizing Science (GriPhyN ) and the international Virtual and Engineering Through Cyberinfrastructure, Data Grid Laboratory (iVDGL ) are summarized the scientific need for advancing data-intensive science for cyberinfrastructure. The new capabilities are physics, cosmology and astrophysics. "essential, not optional, to the aspirations of research communities," the report states. Geoscience: EarthScope is investigating the evolution of the North In the very near future, cyberinfrastructure will American continent and the permit better forecasts of when and where processescontrolling earthquakes and earthquakes are likely to occur and how the volcanic eruptions. The Geosciences ground will shake as a result. Robotic sensors will Network (GEON ) is integrating data, monitor ecosystem health or track pollutants in computation and software to weave urban watersheds. Astronomers will mine for data together Earth sciences data and as often as they peer into the heavens. disciplines. For scientists and engineers, according to the Astronomy: The National report, cyberinfrastructure has the potential to Virtual Observatory (NVO ) is "revolutionize what they can do, how they do it, creating standards and high- and who participates." The seeds of this revolution performance computing tools Deep within an active fault zone, are seen in community-driven efforts, supported for astronomical data collections that EarthScope's San Andreas Fault by NSF and other agencies, such as the Network will make data easier to use, find and Observatory at Depth will measure for Earthquake Engineering Simulations (NEES), join with other data. changes in rock properties before, during and after earthquakes. Linked to the Grid Physics Network (GriPhyN) and the National Virtual Observatory (NVO). Engineering: The shake tables, reaction other EarthScope measurements at the wall facilities, geotechnical centrifuges, surface, these direct observations will for the first time, monitor how an active "Extensive grassroots activity by the scientific and tsunami wave tanks and mobile field fault and its environment respond to engineering research community is creating and equipment of the George E. Brown Jr. regional and local changes in stress. using cyberinfrastructure to empower the next Network for Earthquake Engineering Recorded over a decade, this wave of discovery," said Dan Atkins of the Simulation (NEES ) are being integrated combination of measurements will through the NEESgrid. provide important new insights on University of Michigan, chair of the advisory earthquake nucleation and rupture. committee. "We're at a threshold where technology allows people, information, Meteorology: The Linked Environments Credit: EarthScope computational tools and research instruments to for Atmospheric Discovery (LEAD ) be connected
Load more

Recommended publications
  • QUILT CIRCLE2020 a Letter from the President
    THE QUILT CIRCLE2020 A Letter From the President This 2020 Quilt Circle edition commemorates the 20th Anniversary of The Quilt. The fabric of our research and education (R&E) networking community has never been stronger. While our Quilt community has evolved in new and exciting ways in the past two decades, we have also been faced with a number of challenges which we take head-on and always with the spirit of collaboration. As we address the unprecedented challenges presented by the current global public health crisis due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the work of our members is more important than ever to the missions of their member communities. U.S. higher education institutions rely on R&E networks to give them a competitive edge in the most impactful scientific research initiatives which is essential in this crisis. We connect the educational institutions that support university medical centers and their associated hospitals. R&E networks also connect tens of thousands of other community anchor institutions, including K-12 schools, public libraries, local/state government, research sites, cultural institutions, public safety, and tribal lands. Being responsive and providing vital networking infrastructure and resources right now to address immediate needs is who we are and what we do. R&E networks are part of our nation’s critical infrastructure. This year’s edition of The Quilt Circle showcases several examples of the key role of R&E network members in both providing and facilitating the use-network infrastructure to further scientific discovery and collaborations at higher education institutions of all sizes.
    [Show full text]
  • Redclara Went from Being an Illusion to Become a Mature Institution”
    Invitation - Call Shall we talk seriously about natural disasters and the end of the world? Rafael Ibarra, RAICES president “RedCLARA went from being an illusion to become a mature institution” MERCOSUR’s Virtual School was launched March 2012 - n°30, year 8 This Project is funded by the European Union A project implemented by RedCLARA European Commission Press Contact: EuropeAid Cooperation Office María José López Pourailly Directorate B2 - Latin America PR & Communications Manager - CLARA @LIS Programme [email protected] Rue Joseph II, 54 J54 4/13 (+56) 2 584 86 18, extension 504 B-1049 Brussels Avenida del Parque 4680-A BELGIUM Edifico Europa, oficina 505 Ciudad Empresarial Huechuraba Santiago CHILE «The European Union is constituted by 27 member states which have decided to progressively join their practical knowledge, their resources and their destinies. Over an expansion period of 50 years, together they have built a stability, democracy and sustainable development zone, and have also preserved cultural diversity, tolerance and individual liberties. The European Union is committed to sharing its achievements and values with countries and peoples which are beyond its borders». The European Commission is the executive body of the European Union. Contents 6 Open Call to present papers for TICAL 2012 Conference 7 Register and participate in the First Virtual Day of Culture Fernando Liello, ELLA Project Coordinator 8 “Latin America needs the new submarine connection to Europe because it cannot rely only on connectivity to
    [Show full text]
  • On Multi-Point, In-Network Filtering of Distributed Denial-Of-Service Traffic
    On Multi-Point, In-Network Filtering of Distributed Denial-of-Service Traffic Mingwei Zhang∗, Lumin Shi∗, Devkishen Sisodia∗, Jun Li∗, Peter Reihery ∗ University of Oregon fmingwei, luminshi, dsisodia, [email protected] y University of California, Los Angeles [email protected] Abstract—Research has shown that distributed denial-of- in a common language. Further, it is also unknown how these service (DDoS) attacks on the Internet could often be better solutions perform under insufficient knowledge of the attacks handled by enlisting the in-network defense of multiple au- or against intelligent adversaries who can dynamically revise tonomous systems (ASes), rather than relying entirely on the victim’s Internet Service Provider at the edge. Less noticed their attack strategies to escape defense. Without a quantitative but important is the fact that an in-network defense can also comparison, it is hard for a DDoS victim to select the most remove DDoS traffic from the Internet early en route to the suitable solution to achieve its defense goal and meet the victim, thus decreasing the overall load on the Internet and resource requirements. reducing chances of link congestion. However, it is not well In this paper, we introduce a modeling and simulation understood to what degree different in-network defense strategies can achieve such benefits. In this paper, we model the existing framework to systematically evaluate in-network DDoS de- two main categories of in-network DDoS defense algorithms fense algorithms. The framework contains a general model (PushBack, SourceEnd) and propose a new type of algorithm that can describe the attack and defense for various defense (StrategicPoints).
    [Show full text]
  • Internet2: a Comparative Study and Technological Solution to Achieve High Speed Networks
    Himanshu Agarwal / Indian Journal of Computer Science and Engineering Vol 1 No 3, 157-160 INTERNET2: A COMPARATIVE STUDY AND TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTION TO ACHIEVE HIGH SPEED NETWORKS HIMANSHU AGARWAL Department of Computer Science & Information Technology, Moradabad Institute of Technology, Moradabad-244001 (Uttar Pradesh), India Email: [email protected] Abstract In current Indian scenario whenever it is required to access very large amount of data such as games or some commercial applications through commodity internet (internet1), speed becomes hurdle. It becomes tolerable for some applications but no one wants to bother in case of education and research. Now the world becomes commercialized and don’t want to bother with speed. Therefore the next generation of Internet infrastructure known as Internet2 or UCAID (University Corporation for Advance Internet Development) for 21st century comes in the focus of scientists, to improve quality of life through research and education. In this paper thorough analysis and comparative study of various educational networks, market scenario and Internet2 has been done, so all pros and cons become visualized to get the effect of internet2 in industries, research and development. Keywords: Internet2; Abilene network; gigapops; high speed networks. 1. Introduction Internet2 is a second generation network serving universities and research institutes by moving the data at a rate of 10 gigabits per second and more ,compared with 5.1 or so megabits old fashioned commodity internet. Internet2 moves data 100 to 1,000 times faster than internet1. Its GigaPoPs (points of presence) provide regional high-performance aggregation points; for member institutions, typically local campus networks provide no less than 100 Mbps to the desktop.
    [Show full text]
  • Ipv6 in Esnet
    SLAC-PUB-8902 IPv6 in ESnet Warren Matthews, Principal Network Specialist, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) Bob Fink, Energy Sciences Network (ESnet) Research Staff, Co-chair NGtrans WG, IETF and Project Lead for the 6bone Project, IETF. Susan Hicks, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Vyto Grigaliunas, Network Analyst, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL) Abstract The importance of the Internet to modern High Energy Physics collaborators is clearly immense, and understanding how new developments in network technology impact net- works is critical to the future design of experiments. The next generation Internet Protocol (IPv6) is being deployed on testbeds and pro- duction networks throughout the world. The protocol has been designed to solve todays internet problems, and many of the features will be core Internet services in the future. In this talk the features of the protocol will be described. Details will be given on the deployment at sites important to High Energy Physics Research and the network services operating at these sites. In particular IPv6 deployment on the U.S. Energy Sciences Network (ESnet) will be reviewed. The connectivity and performance between High Energy Physics Laboratories, Universities and Institutes will be discussed. Keywords: Network, Technology, Internet, Protocol, IP, IPv6 1 Introduction High Energy and Nuclear Physics (HENP) experiments around the world generate huge amounts of data, much of which is transferred across networks to collaborators for analysis. Network technology has become critical to the success of experiments. The requirements of HENP researchers often means the networks they use become early implementors of new network technology. In this paper the next generation of the Internet Protocol (IP) is reviewed.
    [Show full text]
  • Growth of the Internet
    Growth of the Internet K. G. Coffman and A. M. Odlyzko AT&T Labs - Research [email protected], [email protected] Preliminary version, July 6, 2001 Abstract The Internet is the main cause of the recent explosion of activity in optical fiber telecommunica- tions. The high growth rates observed on the Internet, and the popular perception that growth rates were even higher, led to an upsurge in research, development, and investment in telecommunications. The telecom crash of 2000 occurred when investors realized that transmission capacity in place and under construction greatly exceeded actual traffic demand. This chapter discusses the growth of the Internet and compares it with that of other communication services. Internet traffic is growing, approximately doubling each year. There are reasonable arguments that it will continue to grow at this rate for the rest of this decade. If this happens, then in a few years, we may have a rough balance between supply and demand. Growth of the Internet K. G. Coffman and A. M. Odlyzko AT&T Labs - Research [email protected], [email protected] 1. Introduction Optical fiber communications was initially developed for the voice phone system. The feverish level of activity that we have experienced since the late 1990s, though, was caused primarily by the rapidly rising demand for Internet connectivity. The Internet has been growing at unprecedented rates. Moreover, because it is versatile and penetrates deeply into the economy, it is affecting all of society, and therefore has attracted inordinate amounts of public attention. The aim of this chapter is to summarize the current state of knowledge about the growth rates of the Internet, with special attention paid to the implications for fiber optic transmission.
    [Show full text]
  • A Comprehensive Survey on Machine Learning for Networking: Evolution, Applications and Research Opportunities Raouf Boutaba1*, Mohammad A
    Boutaba et al. Journal of Internet Services and Applications (2018) 9:16 Journal of Internet Services https://doi.org/10.1186/s13174-018-0087-2 and Applications RESEARCH Open Access A comprehensive survey on machine learning for networking: evolution, applications and research opportunities Raouf Boutaba1*, Mohammad A. Salahuddin1, Noura Limam1, Sara Ayoubi1, Nashid Shahriar1, Felipe Estrada-Solano1,2 and Oscar M. Caicedo2 Abstract Machine Learning (ML) has been enjoying an unprecedented surge in applications that solve problems and enable automation in diverse domains. Primarily, this is due to the explosion in the availability of data, significant improvements in ML techniques, and advancement in computing capabilities. Undoubtedly, ML has been applied to various mundane and complex problems arising in network operation and management. There are various surveys on ML for specific areas in networking or for specific network technologies. This survey is original, since it jointly presents the application of diverse ML techniques in various key areas of networking across different network technologies. In this way, readers will benefit from a comprehensive discussion on the different learning paradigms and ML techniques applied to fundamental problems in networking, including traffic prediction, routing and classification, congestion control, resource and fault management, QoS and QoE management, and network security. Furthermore, this survey delineates the limitations, give insights, research challenges and future opportunities to advance
    [Show full text]
  • The Institutional Challenges of Cyberinfrastructure and E-Research
    E-Research and E-Scholarship The Institutional Challenges Cyberinfrastructureof and E-Research cholarly practices across an astoundingly wide range of dis- ciplines have become profoundly and irrevocably changed By Clifford Lynch by the application of advanced information technology. This collection of new and emergent scholarly practices was first widely recognized in the science and engineering disciplines. In the late 1990s, the term e-science (or occasionally, particularly in Asia, cyber-science) began to be used as a shorthand for these new methods and approaches. The United Kingdom launched Sits formal e-science program in 2001.1 In the United States, a multi-year inquiry, having its roots in supercomputing support for the portfolio of science and engineering disciplines funded by the National Science Foundation, culminated in the production of the “Atkins Report” in 2003, though there was considerable delay before NSF began to act program- matically on the report.2 The quantitative social sciences—which are largely part of NSF’s funding purview and which have long traditions of data curation and sharing, as well as the use of high-end statistical com- putation—received more detailed examination in a 2005 NSF report.3 Key leaders in the humanities and qualitative social sciences recognized that IT-driven innovation in those disciplines was also well advanced, though less uniformly adopted (and indeed sometimes controversial). In fact, the humanities continue to showcase some of the most creative and transformative examples of the use of information technology to create new scholarship.4 Based on this recognition of the immense disciplinary scope of the impact of information technology, the more inclusive term e-research (occasionally, e-scholarship) has come into common use, at least in North America and Europe.
    [Show full text]
  • Bulletin Year 13
    Bulletin Year 13 Pure life and knowledge! Europe and Latin America RedCLARA partner TICAL's Costa Rican expand their collaboration networks have fast and edition will host two more for open science direct access to Microsoft events services n˚ 49 RedCLARA announces peering with Google April 2017 Contents Editorial - Mariano José Sánchez 5 Bontempo, Executive Director of RedCONARE Pure life and knowledge! TICAL's Costa 6 Rican edition will host two more events 11 BELLA-T opens tender for infrastructure "The mother of the Internet": Former 12 president of RedCLARA was honored by the Uruguayan television on Women's Day RedCLARA partner networks have fast and 13 direct access to Microsoft services RedCLARA announces peering with 14 Google RedCLARA: Europe and Latin America expand their Editing 15 María José López Pourailly collaboration for open science Contents A clear path for your data María José López Pourailly Using RedCUDI in the Pierre Auger Luiz Alberto Rasseli 16 Observatory Remote Control Room Translation into Portuguese located at UNAM Luiz Alberto Rasseli Translation into English We empower your research and María José López Pourailly Leonardo Rodríguez: "We hope to developments Luiz Alberto Rasseli 17 strengthen the articulation with the Graphic design scientific communities of the other María José López Pourailly national networks" 19 Agenda Press Contact: María José López Pourailly Communications and Public Relations Manager [email protected] (+56) 2 2584 86 18 # 504 Avenida del Parque 4680-A Edifico Europa, oficina 108 Ciudad Empresarial Huechuraba Santiago, CHILE Editorial TICAL will be held in Costa Rica this year! For Another event that will be held during these RedCLARA, the National Council of Rectors days is the meeting of Internet Society, called (CONARE) and RedCONARE (the Costa Rican “ION Costa Rica 2017”.
    [Show full text]
  • Internet Routing Policies and Round-Trip-Times
    Internet Routing Policies and Round-Trip-Times Han Zheng, Eng Keong Lua, Marcelo Pias, and Timothy G. Griffin University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory {han.zheng, eng.lua, marcelo.pias, timothy.griffin}@cl.cam.ac.uk Abstract. Round trip times (RTTs) play an important role in Internet measure- ments. In this paper, we explore some of the ways in which routing policies impact RTTs. In particular, we investigate how routing policies for both intra- and inter- domain routing can naturally give rise to violations of the triangle inequality with respect to RTTs. Triangle Inequality Violations (TIVs) might be exploited by overlay routing if an end-to-end forwarding path can be stitched together with paths routed at layer 3. However, TIVs pose a problem for Internet Coordinate Systems that attempt to associate Internet hosts with points in Euclidean space so that RTTs between hosts are accurately captured by distances between their associated points. Three points having RTTs that violate the triangle inequality cannot be embedded into Euclidean space without some level of inaccuracy. We argue that TIVs should not be treated as measurement artifacts, but rather as nat- ural features of the Internet’s structure. In addition to explaining routing policies that give rise to TIVs, we present illustrating examples from the current Internet. 1 Motivation Since round trip times (RTTs) play an important role in Internet measurements, it is important to have a good understanding of the underlying mechanisms that give rise to observed values. Measured RTTs are the result of many factors — “physical wire” distance, traffic load, link layer technologies, and so on.
    [Show full text]
  • Teragrid Evaluation Report Project Findings August 2008
    Report from the TeraGrid Evaluation Study, Part 1: Project Findings Ann Zimmerman Thomas A. Finholt August 2008 Collaboratory for Research on Electronic Work School of Information University of Michigan 1075 Beal Avenue Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2112 http://www.crew.umich.edu Table of Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................................................ 1 1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 4 2. Research Questions ......................................................................................................... 5 3. Research Methods ........................................................................................................... 5 3.1 Data Collection ......................................................................................................... 6 3.1.1 User Workshop .................................................................................................. 6 3.1.2 Site Visits ........................................................................................................... 6 3.1.3 Interviews ........................................................................................................... 6 TeraGrid Users ........................................................................................................ 8 TeraGrid and Centers Personnel ........................................................................... 10 Non-TeraGrid
    [Show full text]
  • Pan-Islamic Research and Education Network (PIREN)” ICMHESR-6/2012/2.3
    Under the Patronage of H.E. Field Marshal Omar Hassan Ahmed Al-Bashir, President of the Republic of the Sudan Sixth Islamic Conference OF MINISTERS OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH “The Role of Higher Education in the Development of Science and Technology for a Prosperous Future” Draft proposal on the establishment of « Pan-Islamic Research and Education Network (PIREN)” ICMHESR-6/2012/2.3 Khartoum, Republic of the Sudan Muharram 1434 A.H / 20-21 November 2012 The concept of having a Pan-Islamic Research and Education Network (PIREN) is to establish R&E connectivity between all the Islamic Countries, to form a consortium of National Research and Education Networks (NRENs) of the countries of Islamic World. The concept, background, need and objectives of PIREN are explained in the Part A of the document. The First Meeting of Country Coordinators for the Establishment of the Pan- Islamic Research and Education Network was held on 19-20 March, 2012, at the Headquarter of the Islamic Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (ISESCO) in Rabat, Morocco. A report of the Country Coordinators Meeting is enclose as Part B of the document. CONTENTS I. Summary …………………………………………………………………………… 9 II. Introduction ………………………………………………………………………… 9 III. Research & Education Networks (RENs) ………………………………………… 10 CalREN - USA …………………………………………………………………… 10 ORION - CANADA ……………………………………………………………… 10 RNP - Brazil ……………………………………………………………………… 11 JANET/UKERNA - UK ………………………………………………………… 11 SingAREN ………………………………………………………………………… 11 AARNET – Australia
    [Show full text]