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Integrative Analysis of Acquired Thermotolerance in Developmentally Arrested Arabidopsis Seedlings : Implication of Energy Metabolism Elise Rethore

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Integrative Analysis of Acquired Thermotolerance in Developmentally Arrested Arabidopsis Seedlings : Implication of Energy Metabolism Elise Rethore Integrative analysis of acquired thermotolerance in developmentally arrested Arabidopsis seedlings : Implication of energy metabolism Elise Rethore To cite this version: Elise Rethore. Integrative analysis of acquired thermotolerance in developmentally arrested Ara- bidopsis seedlings : Implication of energy metabolism. Agricultural sciences. Université d’Angers, 2019. English. NNT : 2019ANGE0010. tel-03270885 HAL Id: tel-03270885 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03270885 Submitted on 25 Jun 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. THESE DE DOCTORAT DE L'UNIVERSITE D'ANGERS COMUE UNIVERSITE BRETAGNE LOIRE ECOLE DOCTORALE N° 600 Ecole doctorale Ecologie, Géosciences, Agronomie et Alimentation Spécialité : « Biologie et physiologie végétales » Par Elise RETHORE Integrative analysis of acquired thermotolerance in developmentally arrested Arabidopsis seedlings Implication of energy metabolism Thèse présentée et soutenue à Angers, le 01/03/2018 Unité de recherche : UMR 1345 IRHS Thèse N° : 139508 Rapporteurs avant soutenance : Composition du Jury : Président Pierre Goloubinoff Professeur, Université de Lausanne Alain Bouchereau Professeur, Université de Rennes 1 Christian Meyer Directeur de recherche, Institut Jean- Pierre Bourgin Etienne Bucher Directeur de recherche, Agroscope, Changins (CH) Pierre Goloubinoff Professeur, Université de Lausanne Christian Meyer Directeur de recherche, Institut Jean- Pierre Bourgin Directeur de thèse David Macherel Professeur, Université d’Angers Co-encadrante de thèse Marie-Hélène Maître de conférences, Avelange-Macherel Agrocampus Ouest Ces trois ans et quelques mois ont été l’occasion de développer de nombreuses collaborations et échanges, et j’espère n’oublier personne dans ces quelques lignes de remerciements… Je souhaite tout d’abord remercier les membres du jury Pierre Goloubinoff et Christian Meyer pour avoir accepté d’être rapporteurs de ma thèse, ainsi qu’Etienne Bucher et Alain Bouchereau pour être examinateurs. Un grand merci à Alain ainsi qu’à Jacques Bourguignon pour leur investissement et leurs précieux conseils lors des comités de suivi individuel. Evidemment ce travail n’aurait pu être réalisé sans l’encadrement et la disponibilité de David et Marie-Hélène Macherel. Un énorme merci à vous deux pour m’avoir conseillée, supportée et vous être passionnés pour les résultats (parfois décevants) tout au long de cette thèse. Tant de chemin parcouru depuis la L2 et les cours de David sur la respiration et la photosynthèse ! J’ai beaucoup appris sur la mitochondrie, les HSPs, la microscopie et j’en passe, mais surtout sur moi-même. Je garderai REMERCIEMENTS également un très bon souvenir des quelques moments « off » tels que la fête de la science préparée avec Marie-Hélène. Thanks a lot to David Logan for your precious advice in microscopy and your beautiful GFP mitochondria! I am still amazed by these moving organelles, since I first saw them in your courses in L3! Also a big thank for your advice and correction, even after you left the lab. Cette thèse ne se serait pas passée de la même manière sans un environnement de travail et une équipe si accueillants ! Je remercie tout particulièrement Abdel, le roi de l’électrode et psychologue à ses heures perdues et Martine pour ton aide pour les western-blot et bien sûr nos pauses thés ! Merci également à Pascale pour ton éternelle bonne humeur et ton rire communicatif, tes petites danses et chansons, et bien sûr ton aide dans l’analyse des sucres, à Caroline pour avoir analysé les résultats de GC/MS (et ce, malgré les caprices de cette dernière) et Anis pour ton aide à l’interprétation des données de métabolomique. Dimitri, merci pour ton investissement, notamment dans la phase de correction du papier. Cette dernière manip de complémentation nous aura bien stressés ! Merci à Gaël pour m’avoir initiée à Fiji et Imaris. Daniel, merci pour le soin apporté aux plantes et tes conseils de jardinage. Merci à l’ensemble de l’ancienne équipe MitoStress et à la nouvelle équipe SMS. Bon vent à cette toute jeune équipe ! Merci également à l’ensemble du personnel du R+2 pour sa bienveillance et pour les nombreux échanges portant sur la science, l’avenir et bien souvent la nourriture, notre passion ! Je remercie chaleureusement Aurélia (vive les heures passées à regarder les crépinettes de RE et à refaire le monde !) et Fabienne du plateau IMAC, ainsi que Guillaume et Florence du SCIAM pour m’avoir fait découvrir et aimer la microscopie confocale et électronique. Merci à tous les quatre pour votre disponibilité. Florence, ta patience et ta minutie dans la réalisation des coupes m’ont épaté ! Merci à Céline Rousseau (de la plateforme PHENOTIC) pour m’avoir formée à la caméra de fluorescence de chlorophylle. Un grand merci à l’équipe Bioinfo et plus particulièrement à Sandra et Sylvain : sans vous, je n’aurais pas pu analyser mes résultats de transcriptomique ! Je tiens également à remercier Michel Zivy et Thierry Balliau de la plateforme PAPPSO pour m’avoir si bien accueillie à Gif et m’avoir fait découvrir la complexité de l’analyse protéomique. Un grand merci à Sabine pour avoir réalisé l’analyse lipidique. Merci pour ta gentillesse, ta disponibilité et ton intérêt porté à nos recherches. Merci également à Sylvain Dechaumet (IGEPP Le Rheu) pour m’avoir initiée à R/R Studio et à l’ACP lors de mon stage de Master 2. Thanks to Owen Kentish for English proofreading of the manuscript. Je garderai également un excellent souvenir de l’expérience d’enseignement avec Françoise, Dimitri, Quentin, Marie-Anne et Kévin (quelle belle équipe de biochimistes !). Merci pour nos nombreux échanges au sein et en dehors de l’université. Evidemment, une thèse, c’est l’occasion de rencontrer beaucoup de personnes et de REMERCIEMENTS partager nos réussites et nos déboires avec les autres thésards et postdocs. Tout d’abord un énorme merci à ma grande carotte Julia pour tous les bons moments passés ensemble et les heures passées dans ta voiture à refaire le monde ! Merci pour ton soutien et tes câlins, t’es la meilleure ! Merci à Souha pour ta folie (on n’oubliera pas ta soirée d’anniversaire déguisée !) et pour m’avoir rassurée à de nombreuses reprises ! Merci à Douae pour les fous rires que tu as provoqué avec tes incompréhensions (c’est culturel !), à Justine pour tes gaffes, à Alexis pour tes délicieux gâteaux et ta bonne humeur (team 1993 forever). Je fais également de gros bisous à Adrien, Eloïse, Lili, Kévin, Mathieu, Juliette, Céline et Elodie. Merci aux « anciens » Chvan, la petite Julia, Lucien et Gaël pour m’avoir rapidement intégrée à l’ARES et accueillie dans le bureau des thésards. Merci à Denise, notre rayon de soleil brésilien ! Enfin, merci à Elise (Bis), Zhijuan et Jean-Baptiste pour les bons moments passés ensemble (et les bons goûters !) depuis votre arrivée au bureau. Bonne chance pour la suite ! Je n’oublie pas les stagiaires : merci à Thomas et Romane pour votre motivation et votre travail sur les HSPs, les polyamines et la mémoire du stress. Merci également à Lydia et Martin avec qui j’ai pu passer de très bons moments au bureau. Merci à l’équipe PAIGE et particulièrement à Sylvie et à Mathilde pour leur disponibilité lors des galères administratives ! Enfin, merci à tous mes amis pour m’avoir soutenue et divertie pendant ces trois années. Il est important de sortir la tête de la science pour mieux y revenir. Merci à mes parents de m’avoir transmis leur passion des plantes et leur curiosité, ainsi qu’à mes trois scientifiques de frère et sœurs (und mein Schwager Timo) pour m’avoir montré la voie et m’avoir encouragée ! Paul-Emile, merci pour ton indéfectible patience et ton soutien tout au long de ces cinq années ensemble. Contents LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................................................. 1 LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................................................... 3 ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................................................... 5 FOREWORD ........................................................................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER I – INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 11 1. Impact of heat stress on plant development ........................................................................ 11 1.1. Impact of climate change on crop productivity ............................................................................ 11 1.1.1. Climate change and yield projections ......................................................................................... 11 1.1.2. Heat stress impact on phenology ............................................................................................... 13 1.2. Heat stress impacts on plant physiology ....................................................................................
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