Lifesytles Revisited: “Educational Experiments in Intergenerational Environments”

Eating Habits in Beypazarı – Turkey

Prepared by Beypazarı Girls Technical and Vacational High School EATING HABITS IN TURKEY Thanks to its geographical location, Turkey is among the countries which has got the richest meal cultures in the world. Nowadays,nutrition habits reflect palates,aesthetics and varieties of both developing and developed countries.

• Turkish menu gets Anatolian and Ottoman kitchens together.Both of them have got a lot of different tastes. • Meal varieties and materials which are used in cooking differs according to the regions.Each region has its own special meals.As an example,thinking Turkey-wide, one can see that there are almost 300 different kinds of meatballs. Ankara

• Ankara is the capital city of Turkey and it is located in Central Anatolia.In Ankara,it is possible to have the chance of tasting of different regional meals. Beypazarı

Beypazarı is located in the northwest of Turkey.It is 100 km away from Ankara.It is a touristic district.Beypazarı has got its own special meals ,and it is famous for hand-made silver jewelleries. Beypazarı is famous for its ‘local cuisine’.As an example,it has got Bici, perçem, yarımca, Beypazarı güveci, kartalaç, ekmeği,Beypazarı kurusu…etc.Some kinds of these meals and desserts are registered in the Turkish Patent Institute. • The most important factor that makes Beypazarı meals delicious is to use copper plates during preparing and presenting the meals and also to cook them in wood-fired stone ovens. WHAT HAVE WE DONE?

1 - Questionnaire

• In order to get information about eating and drinking habits in our region,we have prepared a questionnaire which has got 58 questions.Then we applied it to 100 people in different age groups. (25 of them are between 15-20 ages,25 of them are between 25-30 ages,25 of them are between 30-40 ages,the rest 25 people are below the age of 40).The questionnaire prepared was copied as a form sheet and it was also published on the web site of our school for those who want to fill it in on the net. • Then we analyzed the answers of the participants according to their age. • As the result of this analysis,in order to express the eating habits of our groups,we tried to make the results clearer with diagrams. • While the results we gained generally met our expectations,they also surprised us from time to time.

Food and Drink Habits Questionnare Results Of The Questionnare

Meal Hours Time Allocated for Meals 70 12-13 20-30 60 60 8-9 20-30 20-30 50 19-20 50 10-20 40 18-19 40 30-40 20-30 30 13-14 9-10 30 30-40

10-11 10-20 20 20-21 30-40 14-15 17-18 40-50 7-8 30-40 10 6-7 20 10-20 11-12 50-60

0 10

10-20

40-50 40-50

Breakfast Lunch Dinner 40-50 0 Lunch Dinner

• Breakfast is mainly eaten between 08:00- Family Members That Are Participating The Meals 09:00 with the participation of all family

80 members.

70 Always As the family members are either at school or

60 at work at lunch time they can’t get together

50 Never then.

Seldom Never 40 Always Sometimes Dinners are generally eaten between 19:00- Often 30

Seldom Always 20:00 and nerly all of the family members are

Seldom

Often Sometimes

20 Sometimes exist at this time around the dining table. Often

10 Often Sometimes

Never • According to the results of the

Always Never Seldom 0 questionnaire,for each meal of the Breakfast Lunch Dinner day,people spend 20 or 30 minutes. Breakfast Foods Under 20 Breakfast Foods Between 20 - 30 Pastry Egg Pastry Egg 10% 10%

10% 10% Breakfast Foods Breakfast Cheese, Bread etc. 31% Cheese, 35% Olive etc. 35% 42% Meat and meat 2% Meat and Soup Products meat 3% 7% Products 5% Egg Cheese, Olive etc. Egg Cheese, Olive etc. Meat and meat Products Soup Meat and meat Products Soup Bread Pastry Bread Pastry

Breakfast Foods Between 30 - 40 Breakfast Foods Over 40 Pastry Egg Pastry Egg 7% 13% 14% 14%

Bread 31% Cheese, Olive Cheese, Olive etc. etc. Bread 31% Soup 35% 32% 4% Meat and meat Meat and meat Products Soup Products 10% 3% 6% Egg Cheese, Olive etc. Egg Cheese, Olive etc. Meat and meat Products Soup Meat and meat Products Soup Bread Pastry Bread Pastry

• For all age groups cheese,olive, and bread are mostly consumed at .But it is noticed that pastry is preferred more by 40 age groups while meat and meat products are consumed more by 30-40 age groups. Breakfast Drinks Under 20 Breakfast Drinks Betw een 20-30 Fruit Juice Coffee Milk Coffee Milk 13% 4% 8% 9% 9% Fruit Juice

13% Breakfast Drinks Breakfast

Cola etc. 0% Cola etc. Tea 17% 58% Tea 69% Milk Tea Cola etc. Fruit Juice Coffee Milk Tea Cola etc. Fruit Juice Coffee

Breakfast Drinks Betw een 30-40 Breakfast Drinks Over 40 Milk Fruit Juice Fruit Juice Coffee Milk 5% Coffee 9% 7% 4% 0% 0%

Cola etc. Cola etc. 0%

5%

Tea Tea 81% 89% Milk Tea Cola etc. Fruit Juice Coffee Milk Tea Cola etc. Fruit Juice Coffee

For all age groups,it is considered that the tea is the most consumed beverage.Another finding that draws our attention is that the age group below 40 don’t drink fruit juice at breakfast and the age group under 20 usually drinks beverages with acid. Lunch Foods Betw een 20 - 30 Lunch Foods Under 20

Meat Cola Meat 6% Soup 0% 10% 8% Bread Cola 33% Vegetable Meals Soup 36% 8% 13%

Legume FoodsLunch 14%

Vegetable Meals Legume Bread 25% 19% 28% Meat Soup Meat Soup Vegetable Meals Legume Vegetable Meals Legume Bread Cola Bread Cola

Lunch Foods Over 40 Lunch Foods Betw een 30 - 40

Cola Cola Meat Meat 0% 7% 12% 7% Bread Soup Bread 33% 16% 27% Soup 17%

Vegetable Meals Vegetable Meals Legume 25% Legume 22% 19% 15% Meat Soup Meat Soup Vegetable Meals Legume Vegetable Meals Legume Bread Cola Bread Cola

Vegetables at lunch are consumed more by 20 age or below 20 age than those under 20 age.It is also considered that the age group under 20 consumes coke and drinks like coke also at lunch.The amount of consumption of bread is nearly same for all age groups Dinner Foods Betw een 20 - 30 Dinner Foods Under 20

Cola Bread Cola 9% Bread 17% Meat 5% Meat 12% 18% 13%

Soup Legume 11% 14%

Legume FoodsDinner Soup 15% 17%

Vegetable Meals Salad 18% Salad 15% Vegetable Meals 16% 20% Bread Soup Bread Soup Salad Vegetable Meals Salad Vegetable Meals Legume Meat Legume Meat Cola Cola

Dinner Foods Betw een 30 - 40 Dinner Foods Over 40

Meat Cola Cola Bread Meat Bread Legume 0% 3% 9% 19% 12% 17% 12%

Legume

14%

Soup 19% Vegetable Soup Meals 19% Vegetable Meals 19% 18% Salad Salad 17% 22% Bread Soup Bread Soup Salad Vegetable Meals Salad Vegetable Meals Legume Meat Legume Meat Cola Cola Bread is indispensable for breakfast,lunch and also for dinner.In all age groups,vegetable meals, salad,soup and legume are consumed nearly the same amount.Also at dinner,fizzy drinks are mostly drunk by under 20 age groups.

After Dinner Betw een 20 - 30 After Dinner Under 20 Sports Sports 0% 7% Dessert 19% Dessert 30% Fruit 41%

Fruit

43% After Dinner After Tea and Tea and Coffee Coffee 40% 20% Dessert Tea and Coffee Fruit Sports Dessert Tea and Coffee Fruit Sports

After Dinner Betw een 30 - 40 After Dinner Over 40

Sports Dessert Sports 5% 12% 0% Dessert 25% Fruit

39%

Fruit 46% Tea and Coffee 37% Tea and Coffee 36%

Dessert Tea and Coffee Fruit Sports Dessert Tea and Coffee Fruit Sports • In all age groups,people drink tea or coffee and they eat fruit after dinner.It can also be said that the consumption of desserts after dinner is common,too.But what draws our attention is that the number of people doing sports after dinner is very poor.

WHAT HAVE WE DONE? 2 – Adult education course • First of all, we decided to start a meal course with participation of different age groups of learners,concerning adult education studies,in order to be able to examine the eating habits is changing day by day and observe closer how different age groups learn together and from each other. • After we have chosen the participants,we defined their expectations and we prepared a course plan.

Expectations of Learners Young Learners Old Learners • Meals that can be • Meals that can be prepared for a few guests. prepared for more • Today’s popular meals. guests. • Meals that can be • Traditional meals. prepared quickly. • Meals that requires effort. • Pastries • Pastries • Salads • Salads • Visual meals. • Meat meals

Who Are They?

Group’s Characteristics Age Average : 38 Three of them are retired, three of them are students,the rest eight of them are:housewifes Nine of them are married and five of them are single. Now Let’s look at their profiles Name-Surname: Güler YAMANTÜRK Age: 63 Educational Status : University Job: Retired Teacher Marital status: Married Number of children she has: 2 Eating and drinking habits: Her favorite food: Baked chicken,İskender Her favorite soup: Soup Her favorite fruit: Apple Her favorite dessert: Kadayıf Her indispensable food and drink at breakfast:Cheese and Tea Her indispensible food and drink at lunch:Vegetable meals Her indispensible food and drink at dinner:Soup

Name-Surname: Nevin TAŞEL Age: 53 Educational Status : High School Job: Retired Marital status: Married Number of children she has: 1 Eating and drinking habits: Her favorite food: ,Grill Her favorite soup:Yayla Soup Her favorite fruit: Cherry Her favorite dessert: Şekerpare Her indispensable food and drink at breakfast:Cheese and Egg Her indispensible food and drink at lunch:Soup and Salad Her indispensible food and drink at dinner:Salad

Name-Surname: : Nurcan YILMAZ Age: 51 Educational Status : High School Job: Retired Marital status: Married Number of children she has: 2 Eating and drinking habits: Her favorite food: Tarhana Soup Her favorite soup: Tarhana Soup Her favorite fruit: Grape,Melon,Peach Her favorite dessert: Desserts with milk Her indispensable food and drink at breakfast:Tea Her indispensible food and drink at lunch:Soup Her indispensible food and drink at dinner:Vegetable Meals

Name-Surname: Pakize ŞANLI Age: 47 Educational Status : Primary School Job: Housewife Marital status: Married Number of children she has: 3 Eating and drinking habits: Her favorite food: Vegetable foods Her favorite soup:Tarhana Soup Her favorite fruit: Watermelon Her favorite dessert:Desserts with milk Her indispensable food and drink at breakfast:Tea Her indispensible food and drink at lunch:Yoghurt Her indispensible food and drink at dinner:Salad

Name-Surname: : Ayşe ERDEMLİ Age:46 Educational Status : Primary School Job: Housewife Marital status: Married Number of children she has: 2 Eating and drinking habits: Her favorite food: Tarhana Soup Her favorite soup: Tarhana Soup Her favorite fruit: Apple Her favorite dessert: Şöbiyet Her indispensable food and drink at breakfast:Cheese,Olive Her indispensible food and drink at lunch: Her indispensible food and drink at dinner:Soup,Salad

Name-Surname: : Neşe BİLGİÇ Age: 44 Educational Status : High School Job: Housewife Marital status: Single Number of children she has: - Eating and drinking habits: Her favorite food: Meatball Her favorite soup: Tarhana Soup Her favorite fruit:Tangerine Her favorite dessert: Her indispensable food and drink at breakfast:Tea Her indispensible food and drink at lunch:Salad Her indispensible food and drink at dinner:Soup

Name-Surname: : Sema Baltacı YÜCEL Age: 41 Educational Status : High School Job: Cashier Marital status:Married Number of children she has: 1 Eating and drinking habits: Her favorite food: Meatball Her favorite soup: Mercimek Soup Her favorite fruit: Grape Her favorite dessert: Revani Her indispensable food and drink at breakfast:Cheese,Olive Her indispensible food and drink at lunch:Bread,Yoghurt Her indispensible food and drink at dinner:Bread,Soup,Salad

Name-Surname: Sevgi YÜKSEL Age: 38 Educational Status : Primary School Job: Housewife Marital status: Married Number of children she has: 2 Eating and drinking habits: Her favorite food: Meatball Her favorite soup: Tarhana Soup Her favorite fruit: Fig Her favorite dessert: Revani Her indispensable food and drink at breakfast:Tea Her indispensible food and drink at lunch:Vegetable Meals Her indispensible food and drink at dinner:Soup

Name-Surname: Füsun Kök ÇAĞLAR Age: 33 Educational Status : University Job: Housewife Marital status: Married Number of children she has: 1 Eating and drinking habits: Her favorite food: Grill Her favorite soup: Tarhana Soup Her favorite fruit: Elma Her favorite dessert: Sütlaç Her indispensable food and drink at breakfast:Cheese Her indispensible food and drink at lunch:Vegetable meals Her indispensible food and drink at dinner:Soup

Name-Surname: : Meral DOĞAN Age: 28 Educational Status : University Job: Housewife Marital status: Married Number of children she has: - Eating and drinking habits: Her favorite food: İskender Her favorite soup: Tarhana Soup Her favorite fruit: Apple Her favorite dessert: Profiterol Her indispensable food and drink at breakfast:Tea Her indispensible food and drink at lunch:Soup Her indispensible food and drink at dinner:Vegetable Meals

Name-Surname: : Aysel ERDOĞAN Age: 23 Educational Status : High School Job: Housewife Marital status:Single Number of children she has: Eating and drinking habits: Her favorite food: Her favorite soup: Mercimek Soup Her favorite fruit:Apple,Banana Her favorite dessert: Baklava Her indispensable food and drink at breakfast:Chips Her indispensible food and drink at lunch:Salad Her indispensible food and drink at dinner:Fruit

Name-Surname: : Şenay ÜŞENMEZ Age: 21 Educational Status : High School Job: - Marital status: Single Number of children she has: - Eating and drinking habits: Her favorite food: Vegetable Meals Her favorite soup: Tarhana,Mercimek Her favorite fruit: Apple,Orange Her favorite dessert: Desserts with milk Her indispensable food and drink at breakfast:Tea Her indispensible food and drink at lunch:Soup Her indispensible food and drink at dinner:Salad

Name-Surname: Berrin ERDEMLİ Age: 21 Educational Status : High School Job: Housewife Marital status: Single Number of children she has: - Eating and drinking habits: Her favorite food: Pilaf,Meatball Her favorite soup: Mercimek Her favorite fruit:Banana Her favorite dessert: : Profiterol Her indispensable food and drink at breakfast:Bread Her indispensible food and drink at lunch:Salad Her indispensible food and drink at dinner:Soup

Name-Surname: Tuğba DEMİR Age: 16 Educational Status : High School Job: Student Marital status: Single Number of children she has: - Eating and drinking habits: Her favorite food: Mercimek Soup Her favorite soup: Mercimek Her favorite fruit:Banana Her favorite dessert: Kadayıf Her indispensable food and drink at breakfast:Ayran,Tea Her indispensible food and drink at lunch:chocolate Her indispensible food and drink at dinner:Soup,Salad

Name-Surname: Müberra ÇATAL Age: 16 Educational Status : High School Job: Student Marital status: Single Number of children she has: - Eating and drinking habits: Her favorite food:Pilaf,Pea Her favorite soup: soup Her favorite fruit: Banana,Peach,Tangerine Her favorite dessert: Baklava Her indispensable food and drink at breakfast:Tea,Bread Her indispensible food and drink at lunch:Ayran Her indispensible food and drink at dinner:Salad,Tea

Name-Surname: Betül MUTLU Age: 16 Educational Status : High School Job:Student Marital status: Single Number of children she has: - Eating and drinking habits: Her favorite food:Vegetable Her favorite soup: Tarhana and Mercimek Her favorite fruit: Banana,Strawberry,Plum Her favorite dessert: Baklava Her indispensable food and drink at breakfast:Egg Her indispensible food and drink at lunch:Vegetable Meals Her indispensible food and drink at dinner:Soup

By which metods have they learned? In our course we used; • Demonstration. • Problem solving. • Cooperational education • Project Works • Teaching through invention • Narration • Question and answer • Group work • Individual work

What Did They Do? Tartölet

• Young learners used different patterns and developed different techniques while making Tartölet. • But senior learners preferred to use familiar methods instead of different ones. • At the end of the decoration work,the opinion of using jam,chocolate and marmalade of older learners to decorate the pastries was adopted by younger learners.

Rolling Dough Techniques

Young learners have learned rolling dough techniques from senior learners such as being able to roll bigger and thinner dough.

Çiğ Köfte

• Çiğ köfte which is prepared with raw meat,wheat and varied spices is a very important meal of . The wheat is moulded until it is softened.And then it is shaped according to the desire of its cook.

• All of the learners tried their chances in turn on moulding process.  • While young learners got

bored immediately and quitted it,the senior ones were able to finish making it.

• But in shaping process,everything was changed.As the young learners were too eager to do it because of the noises coming from their stomaches The most practical way to understand whether çiğ köfte is done or not is to throw it up to the ceiling all together.If it sticks on the ceiling,it means that the meatballs left in the dishes are ready to be eaten.For this operation,of course,the ceiling should often be cleaned

After meals,drinking and telling fortunes are our one of the most beautiful customs that is going on for years. Examples of group work: Kayseri mantısı.

While the olders prefer meals with more calorie such as Mantı,youngers prefer more light foods like salads. Young and Old generation are in a competition on ‘making Su Böreği’

• While the young learners are making group work.

• With teacher’s tactics,young learners worked harder in the competition.

• The senior learners are making group work. Senior learners finished the competition quicker as they are more experienced on pastries

• In the mixed group consists of young and senior learners,youngers have learned some tactics by looking at the olders

• The desserts that made by all groups passed the flavor test. Salad Work

• For the last days of course,we have aranged an ‘optional salad work’ activity.With this activity,everybody chose her own material and used her own creativity to make the best salad.The products appeared is very important for us to see how the course which lasted for 12 weeks,effect the learners.

The learners presented all of their skills • All of The products made the learners happy.

• After the flavor tasting, everybody wanted salad recipes from each other.

• Thus the course is completed according to its aim.

They were in a hard work for christmas for the last days of the course.

• We completed our course with new year cakes. • HAPPY NEW YEARS TO YOU,TOO! What have we learned?

FOR STUFF; We have learned: • Difficulties and pleasure of working with different age groups, • How the nutrition habits are changing in time, • The factors that effect people’s cooking habits, • And there are lots of things that every person has something to learn from each other.

What have we learned?

FOR LEARNERS; In addition to learning different meals from course teacher according to suitable procedures, • Youngers have learned to work with patience from olders. • Olders have learned to work more practical and and to use technology from youngers. • Youngers have learned the tacts of adding tastes to meals from olders. • While the course was going on,learners have learned to work harmoniously with each other. •Olders have learned the importance of apperance in presenting the meals from youngers. • Youngers have learned to be able to cook more economically from olders. •Youngers have learned that there could be something they can learn from olders . • And in the end,all of the learners have learned the most important meal is the one cooked with ‘love’.

What is eaten and drunk in some of the countries?

• (The findings gained is based on the questionnaire and learner’s opinions) Belgium

• Sea products • Beer • Chocolate • Coffee

Italy

• Macaroni • • Coffee

Luxemburg

• Coffee • Beer and wine Poland

• Patato • Milk and milk products • Coffee

Portugal

• Patato and rice meals • Pastries and cakes

Spain

• Sea products • Paella • Coffee • Snacks

Turkish Ideal Menü Breakfast Foods:Cheese,Olive,Egg,Butter,Honey,,Tomato, Cucumber,Pepper,

Drinks:Tea or fruit juice

Place: Home Lunch Foods: Tarhana soup, green with , pilaf, yoghurt, pickle, revani

Drinks:Fruit juice

Place:Institution’s kitchens, home or restaurant

Dinner Foods: soup, stuffed leaves, meatballs with patato in oven, rice pilaf with pea , salad,keşkül

Drinks: Buttermilk or fruit juice

Place: Home or Restaurant