TUNNELINGONLINE.COM Reader Service Number 10 Volume 9 February 2006 Number 1 3 COLUMNS

February 2006

Editor’s Message ...... 4 Global Marketplace by James W. Rush

Dr. Mole ...... 12 How Straightforward is Value Engineering? by Gary Brierley

My Turn ...... 42 Tiles and Hypertension. by David Caiden DEPARTMENTS Business Briefs ...... 6 AUA and SME Sign Historic Agreement.

Global Events ...... 13 Lovat Celebrates Subway Opening in Turin, Italy. The Canadian tunneling market has come a long way in the Tunnel Update ...... 33 last few years, most notably with endeavors such as the Seymour A recap of North America's recently Capilano Project in Vancouver, British Columbia (pictured). completed, current and future (Photo provided by The Robbins Company.) tunneling projects. by Jack Burke COVER STORY Calendar ...... 41 Northern Exposure — An In-Depth Look at the Canadian Tunneling Market . . . . .14 Tunneling is a vital part of Canada’s infrastructure and energy development. MARKETPLACE Often, it is the only feasible way to address the high demand for water supply and treatment, or the storage and treatment of sewerage in urban settings. Due to a variety of factors that continue to shape the Canadian market, Business Cards ...... 40 tunneling is sure to remain active for several years to come. By Garry Stevenson Index of Advertisers . . . . . 40 FEATURES Highlights of Hong Kong ...... 18 With the ongoing recovery from the Asian economic crisis in 1997, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) continues to expand its infrastructure at an extraordinary rate. By David Salisbury Supplying Iceland’s New Hydropower Plant ...... 22 The Kárahnjúkar Hydropower project is located amongst the mountains and fjords of remote northeastern Iceland. Impregilo S.p.A. recently completed the 8.7-mile long Jökulsá tunnel, which will carry water from the Ufsarlón reservoir to the plant's main headrace tunnel. By Joe Roby Big Walnut Interceptor Back on Track ...... 28 Despite a few setbacks early on, both parts of the extensive sanitary sewer upgrade program for the City of Columbus, Ohio, are expected to finish in time to satisfy the 2008 deadline. TBM: Tunnel Business Magazine (ISSN 1553-2917) is published six By Glen Frank times per year. Copyright 2006, Benjamin Media Inc., P.O. Box 190, Peninsula, OH 44264. USA All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted by any means without written permission from the publisher. One year subscription rates: ITA World Tunnel Congress Preview ...... 32 complimentary in the United States and Canada, and $69 in other The International Tunneling Association (ITA) will hold the 2006 World foreign countries. Single copy rate: $10. Subscriptions and classified advertising should be addressed to the Peninsula office. Postmaster Tunnel Congress & 32nd ITA General Assembly in Seoul, Korea, April 22-27, return form 1579 to TBM: Tunnel Business Magazine, P.O. Box 190, Peninsula, OH 44264.USA promoting the theme, “Safety in the Underground Space.”

TBM: Tunnel Business Magazine FEBRUARY 2006 EDITOR’S MESSAGE 4 I Global Marketplace up its infrastructure. One long-awaited projectthatisnow up itsinfrastructure.Onelong-awaited transit tunnels,aswellwaterandseweritbeefs which ispreparingthe2010Winter Olympics,isbuilding change asactivityisoccurringalloverthecountry. Vancouver, ison totheUnitedStatesrecently, butthatisstartingto Tunnelling AssociationofCanada,beginsonpage14. pared byGarryStevenson,thecurrentpresidentof neling marketasthecoverstory. Thearticle,whichwaspre- American businessesinthisregion? being usedinthisregion?WhataretheprospectsforNorth be uniquetothisregion?Whatinnovativeprocessesare major ongoingandplannedprojects?Whatchallengesmay future? Whatisdrivingthemarket?aresomeof are marketconditionsnow?Whattheprospectsfor Hungary, theBalkans andGreece(December). Australasia (August);UnitedKingdom(October);and Switzerland (April);France, Italy, Portugal andSpain(June); this region. cle, beginningonpage18,detailsarecentsurgeofactivityin associate withOveArup&Partners HongKong Ltd.,thearti- WrittenEast, particularlyHongKong. byDavidSalisbury, an “Global Feature.” Inthisissue,wekickthingsoffwiththeFar nature. community asawholeisintertwinedandinternationalin continue tobe—theNorthAmericanmarket,tunneling North America.Whileourfocushasalwaysbeen—andwill that neededexpandedcoveragewasthemarketoutside The Canadiantunnelingmarkethasbeenslowincompar- In thisissue,wealsopresentafocusontheCanadiantun- In thesefeatureswewilladdresssuchquestionsas:What In futureissues,wewillpresent:Germany, Austriaand Therefore, ineachissue2006wewillbepresentinga In developingtheeditorialplanfor2006,oneareawefelt Contributing StaffEditors Senior GraphicDesigner Associate Publisher& Sharon M.Bueno Edward A.Haney Conference Director Associate Publisher Katherine Fulton Bernard P. Krzys Richard J.Krzys Robert D.Krzys Bradley Kramer James W. Rush Keith Gribbins Creative Director Jason Morgan Associate Editor Assistant Editor W.M. Conley Nick Zubko Publisher Editor Regional SalesRepresentative Roberto GonzalezIzquierdo Dr. LeventOzdemir, P.E. Colorado SchoolofMines Moldequipo Internacional Circulation Coordinator Hatch MottMacDonald Editorial Council Gary Brierley,Gary P.E. Randy Essex,P.E. Elizabeth C.Stull Tepotzotlan, Mexico Marketing Manager Brierley Associates Alexis R.Tarbet Graphic Designers Kelly Dadich Chris Slogar Rockville, Md. Golden, Colo Dan Sisko Chairman Denver TBM: Tunnel BusinessMagazine FEBRUARY2006 . William H.Edgerton Consulting Engineer Kenny Construction Jacobs Associates Mississauga, Ont. Frontier-Kemper George Yoggy David Caiden DMJM+HARRIS Evansville, Ind. New York, N.Y. Boro Lukajic Allentown, Pa. San Francisco Sound Transit Joe Gildner Wheeling, Ill. Dru Desai Changes Ahead is rightforanupdatedlook.Staytuned. redesigned. Whiletheolddesignhasserveduswell,time January/February 1998,buthasyettobecompletely changes sincethelaunchofpublicationin look ofthepublicationfromagraphicstandpoint. as theGlobalFeatures, wearealsoworkingtoimprovethe couple ofmonths.Inadditiontoneweditorialfocusessuch information, see Joe Roby’s articleonpage22. information, seeJoeRoby’s unique projectindifficultconditionsIceland.For more Robbins—completeda builder —Solon,Ohio-based appropriate tohighlighthowoneNorthAmericanTBM monly workacrossmanyborders,sofeltthatitwas the world’slargesthard-rockTBM. will bedrivenusinga41-ftRobbinsTBM— to Austria’s Strabagfor$510millionUSD, Generation. The6.2-miletunnel,awarded tunnel projectforOntarioPower back onthebooksisNiagaradiversion Bob Pond Ted Budd Baltimore GCS LLC Seattle The designofthebookhasundergoneincremental Be onthelookoutformorechangesto Tunnel boringmachinemanufacturerscom- Arup (330) 467-7588•Fax: (330)468-2289 EDITORIAL &ADVERTISINGOFFICES e-mail: http://www.tunnelingonline.com 1770 MainSt.,P.O. Box190 Editor James W. Rush Regards, Peninsula, OH44264USA Internet homepage: [email protected] TBM in thenext Reader Service Number 2 BUSINESS BRIEFS 6 STV AnnouncesReorganization Management divisionisheaded byMiloRiverso,Ph.D., P.E., has beennamedaseniorvice president.TheConstruction executive vicepresidentofthe firm, andJamesVilbert, P.E., who leadership ofMaherZ.Labib, P.E., whohasbeenpromoted to of thefirm. provides opportunityforthecontinuedgeographicexpansion markets,” statedDellaRocca.Healsonotedthatthisstructure from ournetworkofnationalofficesineachprincipal our solidreputationforperformancebydrawingupontalent Rocca, P.E., presidentandCOOofSTV. “We plantobuildon industrytrends.” ers andtotheever-evolving more responsivetoourclients’needs,employee-own- “We arefocusingoureffortstomakeorganizationeven noted DominickM.Servedio,P.E., chairmanandCEOofSTV. and ConstructionManagement. sion: BuildingandFacilities; Transportation andInfrastructure; nized intothreeprincipaldivisions,eachwithanationalmis- quality andclientsatisfaction.Operationshavebeenreorga- of acontinuingnationalmissiontooptimizeperformance, nity throughinformationexchangeandprofessionaldevel- SME advancestheworldwideminingandmineralscommu- International Tunneling Association. United StatesMember-Nation Representativetothe future, UCAofSMEwillformallyrequesttobetheofficial Inthenear as wellservingaplatformfornetworking. clearinghouse onundergroundfacilitiesandrelatedissues, underground facilities.UCAofSMEservesitsmembersasa design,development,constructionanduseof the planning, enhancing ourvolunteerefforts.” UCA ofSME,wewillbeastrongerorganizationwhile addsanew dimension toSME.With thenew “This president Tom Peyton. SMEpresidentBarbFilas adds, There isamazingsynergybetweenthetwo,”saysAUA working forthoseinvolvedinundergroundconstruction. information, professionaldevelopment,educationandnet- mittee (UCAofSME)willbetheprimarysourceforindustry resulting UndergroundConstructionAssociationofSMEcom- better servetheundergroundconstructionindustry. The was formedattherequestofformerAUA membersto Construction AssociationofSMECommittee.Thecommittee recently announcedtheformationofUnderground Historic Agreement AUA andSMESign The BuildingsandFacilities Division isoperatingunderthe The threedivisionsreportdirectlytoMichaelS.Della restructuringmarksthenextphaseofgrowthforSTV,”“This STV hasrestructuredandreorganizeditsorganizationaspart SME istheworld’slargestsocietyofmineralprofessionals. UCA ofSMEisanorganizationprofessionalsinvolvedin isawin-win situation forbothorganizations. “This Metallurgy,The SocietyforMining, andExploration(SME) TBM: Tunnel BusinessMagazine FEBRUARY2006 see ful forceintheundergroundbusiness.For emergingdetails, als alongwithalltheirexpertise.TheUCAofSMEapower- ment opportunitiesforpractitionersacrosstheglobe. to providepremiereducationalandprofessionaldevelop- volunteers providecriticalindustryandtechnicalknowledge proceedings, Web andcareerservices andmuchmore.The topical conferences,morethan100otherpublicationsand RETC, plete accesstoallSMEproductsandservicesincludingthe Demand Forecast. Additionally, memberswillhavecom- Tunneling conferenceandTheNorthAmericanTunnel cations, theGeorgeA.Fox Conference,TheNorthAmerican fessional productsavailabletotheindustrythroughitspubli- underground constructionandtunneling. and professionaldevelopmenttoallindividualsinterestedin underground industry, whileprovidingcriticalinformation influential bodyofpracticingprofessionalstoadvancethe related totheundergroundindustry. numerous publications,programs,coursesandconferences involved initsmechanicalminingarea.SMEalsofeatures Tunneling Conference(RETC) andhasabodyofmembers opment. SMEorganizesthebiennialRapidExcavationand American MilitaryEngineers. of theInstituteIndustrial Engineers andtheSocietyof degree infinancefromNewYork University. Heisamember Columbia University, andamasterofbusinessadministration Institute, amasterofscienceinoperationsresearchfrom of engineeringdegreeinindustrialfromPratt and ferries,aswellrailtruckfreight. modes: rapidtransitandbussystems,commuterrail,lightrail largest cities.Hisexpertiseencompasesalltransportation ing directionofmajortransportationprojectsforthenation’s depth experienceinincreasinglyresponsiblepositions,includ- aviation infrastructurecapabilities. portation practicecombinesthefirm’s rail,highway/bridgeand integratedtrans- vices, includingdesign-buildprojects.STV’s designandconstruction/programmanagementser- planning, ees engagedinallaspectsoftransportationandinfrastructure ed byJohnA.AgroJr., whowasnamedseniorvicepresident. heading theTransportation andInfrastructureDivision,assist- who waspromotedtoexecutivevicepresidentofSTV. SME isaglobalnetworkofmorethan11,000profession- The UCAofSMEwillcontinuetoproducethebestpro- The integrationofthesetwoorganizationsestablishesan A registeredprofessionalengineer, Mattsearned abachelor With STVsince1978,Mattshasmore than37yearsofin- In hisnewposition,Mattsdirectsmorethan500STVemploy- William F. Matts, P.E., newexecutivevicepresident,is STV’s www.smenet.org. Mining Engineering magazine, SMEshortcoursesand 7 Apax Partners Completes Acquisition of CONTECH BUSINESS BRIEFS

CONTECH Construction Products our engineering and commercial Inc., a recognized industry leader in resources to be experts in the areas most Correction the design, manufacture and distrib- important to our customers. Whether ution of specialty construction prod- it’s a CON/SPAN bridge, a Vortechs In the December 2005 issue of TBM: ucts sold to the civil engineering stormwater treatment unit or a Tensar Tunnel Business Magazine, a caption infrastructure sector of the heavy geogrid, the realignment will provide on page 15 misstated the project name. construction industry, and funds our customers with a very clear, single- advised by Apax Partners source contact and assure that our mar- The caption should have read Channel Worldwide, one of the world’s lead- ket-focused organization is providing the Tunnel Rail Link. ing private equity investment groups, best in cutting-edge products, technolo- recently announced that Apax gy and cost-effective solutions.” Partners Worldwide has completed its acquisition of a majority owner- ship interest in CONTECH. The transaction had a total enterprise val- uation of more than $1 billion. “This is a very exciting time for us. Apax Partners brings strong financial resources and a well-established international presence to CON- TECH. We welcome their expertise as we identify value-creating, add- on acquisitions to grow our business and provide our customers with solutions that will meet their needs and add dollars to their bottom line,” said Patrick Harlow, chairman and CEO of CONTECH Construction Products Inc. David Kim, partner of Apax Partners, commented, “Apax Partners is fortunate to have the opportunity to partner with CONTECH’s unusually talented management team. We look forward to working together as they continue to grow this outstanding company organi- cally and through acquisitions.” In addition, CONTECH has announced a market-focused realignment of its business. The new organization will consist of four operating divisions: Environmental Stormwater Solutions, Bridge Solutions, Earth Stabilization Solutions and Drainage Solutions as well as a new national sales organization — CONTECH Sales, which will be responsible for selling all of the company’s products. The organizational realignment will enable the company to better serve its customers and more effectively accommodate expected rapid future growth. “The breadth of CONTECH’s product offering has grown significantly in the past five years,” according to Godfrey Little, COO of CON- TECH. “That growth requires that we now realign our business to ensure we maintain the proper marketing and customer focus. It will enable

TBM: Tunnel Business Magazine FEBRUARY 2006 Reader Service Number 3 BUSINESS BRIEFS 8 CALTRANS ConsultingContract Parsons Brinckerhoff Awarded addition, a1,000-ft-long bridgewillbebuilt at thenorthpor- right, a2-ftshoulderonthe left andtwo4-ftwalkways.In support onelaneoftrafficwith astandard8-ftshoulderonthe existing Highway1atDevil’s SlidenearPacifica. Eachwill 30-ftwidetunnelboresadjacent tothe ft long, San MateoCounty. vices tosupporttheconstructionofamajornewtunnel in professional andtechnicalconstructionadministrationser- has awardedacontracttoParsons Brinckerhoffforon-call environmental impactsduringconstruction,minimizingdistur- important factors.However, othergoalsincludedminimizing ing tomakeAtlantaanevengreatercitylivein.” “proud tobeapartoftheteamandcompanythatishelp- great infrastructure.”Elibayaddedthatpersonallyheis manager, said“Inordertohaveagreatcity, wemusthave will nowbeeliminated. of thesanitaryseweroverflowsinNancyCreekbasin R.M. ClaytonWater ReclamationCenter. Asaresult,most and constructedtostoretransportwastewaterthe ject underbudget.TheNancyCreekTunnel wasdesigned ing theConsentDecreedeadlineandcompletingpro- the completionof8.3-milelongtunnel,includingmeet- completion oftheNancyCreekTunnel. Management officialsandotherinvitedgueststomarkthe the AtlantaCityCouncil,DepartmentofWatershed celebrated withAtlantaMayorShirleyFranklin, membersof Nancy CreekTunnel with theOpeningof NewYearAtlanta Starts assistant watershedconstructionmanager, MayorShirleyFranklin, The $230millionprojectcalls for twoapproximately4,000- The CaliforniaDepartmentofTransportation (CALTRANS) Completing theprojectontimeandunderbudgetwere Echoing Franklin’s comments,RefikElibay, JJGproject JJG andtheCityofAtlantahadmanyreasonstocelebrate Engineers fromJordan,Jones&Goulding(JJG)recently On sitetocelebratethetunnel’sopeningwere(l-r)AbeAbon, Mike Robison,JJGresidentconstruction manager, Wojciech Klecan,JJGleaddesigner. TBM: Tunnel BusinessMagazine FEBRUARY2006 pletion slated for summer2010. project wasscheduledtostart inthefall2005,withcom- construction engineeringservices. Constructiononthe industrialhygiene andother inspection, officeengineering, basis,includingconstruction TRANS onanas-needed motorized traffic. which willpreserveitforbicycles,hikersandothernon- the originalsectionofHighway1toCountySanMateo, Upon completionofthetunnel,CALTRANS expectstodeed tal ofthetunneloverCaliforniaRed-LeggedFrog habitat. al “red button” tomarkthetunnel’s officialopening. The projectwascompletedwithFranklin pushingaceremoni- Department ofWatershed Management. Hurd-Wade, constructionmanagementofficer, theCity’s cess onaprojectofthismagnitude.”AbonreportstoMarcia you havesomeonelikeAdeAboncanexpectsuchsuc- have beencompletedontimeorunderbudget.Onlywhen with bothcontractorandengineer, thisprojectcouldnot his leadershipskills,dedicationandabilitytoworkclosely ager, withhelpingtomaketheprojectasuccess.“Without assistantwatershedconstructionman- Ade Abon,theCity’s ing together—communities,governmentandbusinesses.” Elibay. “For projectssuchasthisone,ittakeseveryonework- equally asimportantmeetingtheconsentdecree,”said these goalstothesatisfactionofcommunity, whichwas surface useofland.“Ifeelthatwehaveaccomplished bance ofneighborhoodsandnotrestrictingpropertyowners’ PB willprovideavarietyof supportservicestoCAL- Construction oftheNancyCreekTunnel beganinJuly2002. Mike Robison,JJGresidentconstructionmanager, credits (L-r) CommissionerRobHunter, MayorShirleyFranklin andJJG Project ManagerRefikElibay. 9 Seattle Sound BUSINESS BRIEFS Transit Launches Beacon Hill TBM Sen. Patty Murray recently joined Seattle’s Sound Transit in marking a major light rail construction milestone. A massive TBM is about to disappear into the side of Beacon Hill as it digs the first of two almost 1-mile long light rail tunnels. “The tunnels we’re building will serve thousands of commuters every day trav- eling between downtown Seattle, the airport and the communities along the way,” said Murray. “Today is a big day in continuing to build the mass transit system that is connecting our region.” The launch of the TBM represents the start of some of the most exciting and technical light rail construction work. The tunnels will tie in with the underground station that is under construction 160 ft below the surface of Beacon Hill. The work is being done by Obayashi Corp., Sound Transit’s experienced light rail contractor for the Beacon Hill seg- The light rail tunnels will tie in with the underground station that is under ment. The machine is guided with a construction 160 ft below the surface of Beacon Hill. sophisticated tracking system that is accurate to within an inch. “This machine means business,” said Sound Transit Board chair and Pierce County executive John Ladenburg. “It’s not often you meet a piece of equipment as long as a football field with an insatiable appetite for chewing up dirt and rocks and leaving behind a modern mass transit system.” The TBM’s rotating head will cut through everything from sand to boulders, depositing excavated material on a conveyor system for removal. In its path, the machine will install precast concrete segments forming the lining of the tunnel. “Project after project, we’re showing we’ve got the experience to build a mass transit system,” said Sound Transit board member and Seattle mayor Greg Nickels. “Central Link light rail will dramatically expand the regional system that is up and running today, connecting people from communities all around the region. The system ben- efits everyone and provides a foundation that can continue growing in the years ahead.” Last year Sound Transit and Obayashi Corp. held a “Name the TBM” contest open to kids 12 and under who live in King, Pierce and Snohomish counties. Recently, Board members and Murray recognized 7-year-old Sean Davidson of Issaquah, who submitted the winning name: Emerald Mole. Construction of the Central Link began in late 2003 and currently is now more than one-third complete. Overall, construction bids came in 6 percent below estimates and construction is currently about $200 million under budget. By 2020 the system is projected to carry more than 45,000 riders daily between downtown Seattle and the airport.

TBM: Tunnel Business Magazine FEBRUARY 2006 Reader Service Number 4 BUSINESS BRIEFS 10 more than34,000 ftoftunnelingin ject. This$220millionproject includes Interceptor (BWARI) sanitarysewerpro- Big Walnut Augmentation-Rickenbaker the ColoradoSchoolofMines. degree inengineeringsystemsfrom ter’s and geotechnicalengineeringamas- degreeincivilengineering a bachelor’s for morethan11yearsasageotechnicalengineer. He earned Community College. associate’s degreeincivilengineeringfromColumbusState ing fromtheTechnological InstituteofthePhilippinesandan wastewater andsewerconstructionprojectsinOhio. he willprovideconstructioninspectionservicesontunnel, ing reportsonnewconstructionprojects.Inhisposition, Baker, Win Cruz MolesAwards Moles 2006Non-Memberaward buildings intheworld.Inadditiontothiswork,hehasalso echnical engineerorconsultantonsevenofthe16tallest Chicago’s high-riseconstruction,andhasalsoservedasgeot- served asgeotechnicalengineeronamajorportionof 1954, heworkedforSTSConsultantsinChicago.Bakerhas degreesincivilengineeringatMIT.ter’s Aftergraduatingin andmas- Mary College,thenwentontoearnbothbachelor’s degreeinphysicsatWilliam and Baker receivedabachelor’s keynote speaker. largest manufacturerofconstructionequipment,wasthe H.R. GrayExpandsWorkforceH.R. winner ClydeN.Baker Jr. (right) and presenterGerardKenny. Frank willoversee construction ofthe Prior tojoiningH.R.GrayinDecember2005,Frank worked Geller hasabachelorofsciencedegreeincivilengineer- This year’s Non-MemberawardwenttoClydeBakerJr.This year’s Geller worked inthematerialtestingandgeot- Labadi asaconstructionengineer. senior constructionmanagerandKhalid struction inspector, GlenFrank, P. E.,asa firm, recentlyhiredCarlGellerasacon- construction managementandconsulting struction observationandmaterialtest- echnical consultingfieldsprovidingcon- Prior tojoiningH.R.Gray, Geller H.R. Gray, aColumbus,Ohio-based Caterpillar Inc.,theworld’s Member Award. the recipientof Co. ofHolmdel,N.J., was ofE.E.Cruz & co-founder Award andEdwardCruz, with theNon-Member Consultants, washonored principal engineerwithSTS Clyde N. BakerJr., senior the NewYork HiltonHotel. annual Awards Dinnerat sented Jan.25attheMoles’ in Constructionwerepre- Outstanding Achievement James W. Owens,CEOof The Moles’Awards for TBM: Tunnel BusinessMagazine FEBRUARY2006 Frank September 2005 andwillbepublishedthis year. al andenvironmentalcomputing inRome,Italy, in sented atthe10thInternational Conferenceoncivilstructur- Model forSafetyAssessment in Tunnel waspre- Grouting,” ment in2005.Ladabi’sresearch paper, “UsingFuzzy Logic of sciencedegreeinconstruction engineeringandmanage- degree incivilengineeringand amaster where heearnedabachelorofscience 2000 andenteredOhioStateUniversity dams andbridgeprojects. nical engineeringservicesfortunnel, struction projectsandprovidedgeotech- supervising materialtestingforlargecon- worked intheMiddleEastplanningand Prior tojoiningH.R.Gray, Ladabi sewer constructionprojectsinOhio. agement andengineeringservicesontunnel,wastewater American SocietyofCivilEngineers. North AmericanSocietyforTrenchless Technology andthe Association,the of theAmericanUnderground-Construction highest respectinthetunnelingcommunity. Heisamember contractor andconstructionmanagerhasearnedhimthe agement practice. tunnelingconstructionman- the marketingofH.R.Gray’s mixed glacialsoils.Hewillalsoberesponsibleforassistingin Facility inKearny, N.J. Meadow Maintenance to NewJerseyTransit’s million inimprovements treatment plant;and$75 the RahwayValley, N.J., $135 millionexpansionto Flushing Bay, N.Y.; the treatment facilityin stormwater retentionand structing a$250million company iscurrentlycon- cousin EvaristoCruz.The ed E.E.Cruz&Co.with line. In1984,Cruzfound- Valley, N.J., Water Pipe- Corridor andtheRound Boston’s NortheastRail jects underhisleadership,includingalargesectionof During thistime,thecompanycompletednumerouspro- business,CruzConstructionCo. worked forhisfamily’s Jersey InstituteofTechnology in1963.For severalyears,he degreeincivilengineeringfromtheNew his bachelor’s more efficientbuildingdesigns. niques correlatedwithpastbuildingperformancetodevelop testingtech- deep foundationsandisaleaderinusingin-situ developed areputationforthedesignandconstructionof Ladabi movedtotheUnitedStatesin In hisnewposition,Labadiwillprovideconstructionman- Frank’s uniquecombinationofexperienceasadesigner, Edward Cruz,therecipientofMemberAward, earned and presenterJosephMalandro. Moles 2006MemberAward winner EdwardCruz(right) Ladabi 11 BUSINESS BRIEFS 2006 Golden Beaver Awardees Selected Patrick Kenny of Kenny Construction Co., 2005 agement on major marine construction projects worldwide. President of the Beavers, awarded four individuals with the Starting with Santa Fe/Pomeroy in 1969 as a project engi- Golden Beaver awards at the 51st annual Awards Dinner, neer on its Labarge subsurface oil production pipeline in which was held Jan. 20, 2006, at the Hyatt Regency Century Plaza Hotel in Los Angeles. College bas- ketball announcer Dick Vitale was the guest speaker. Ronald W. McKenzie, chairman and CEO of TIC Holdings Inc., Steamboat Springs, Colo., received the Management Award. Starting in a Quonset hut in 1974, McKenzie has grown TIC into a major national contracting firm with $1.1 billion in revenue, ranked 32 on the most recent ENR 400 list. TIC’s major focus is on power plants, water/wastewater treatment plants, industrial process plants and petro- chemical plants. TIC was one of the founding members of the National Center for Construction Education 2006 Golden Beavers Awardees: (l-r) Thomas Sherman, Supervision; and Research and McKenzie will Robert Bittner, Engineering; R. W. McKenzie, Management; serve as its chairman in 2006. and Michael Peters, Service & Supply. Thomas E. Sherman, recently retired from General Australia, Bittner held progressively larger posts with Riedel, Construction, Poulsbo, Wash., received the Supervision Morrison Knudsen Corp. and the Oresund Tunnel Award. Starting as a tradesman, Sherman’s entire 40-year Contractors joint venture in Denmark before joining Ben C. career was spent with General Construction, culminating as Gerwick Inc. in 1996. project manager and vice president of operations and facil- Michael C. Peters, President and COO for Safeco Surety, ities. His most recent post was as substructure project man- Redmond, Wash., received the Service & Supply Award. ager for the Tacoma Narrows Bridge project in Tacoma, Peters joined Safeco Insurance Co. in 1968 as a Surety Wash., where massive open dredge well caisson founda- Trainee after graduating from the University of Washington. tions were successfully installed despite treacherous cur- Other than a brief period in Chicago, his career with Safeco rents and challenging high winds and tidal fluctuations. has been in the Pacific Northwest, holding various positions Robert B. Bittner, President of Ben C. Gerwick Inc., San of increasing responsibility. In 1992 he was named vice Francisco, received the Engineering Award. Bittner has president and director of contract surety and in 2001 he spent 34 years in construction engineering and project man- was promoted to president. Bids for Pittsburgh Light Rail Tunnel Still Too High to Proceed For the second time in six months, bids for the first con- project budget, which includes $314.5 million from the struction contract to extend light-rail to the North Shore in Federal Transit Administration. But it has to bid 13 additional, Pittsburgh came in significantly higher than anticipated. The smaller contracts to build the 1.5-mile extension and three sta- apparent low bid of $156.5 million was $21.5 million higher tions, including a new Gateway Center station, downtown. than engineering estimates and 10 percent over budget. To The authority has 120 days to review and consider the low continue, the authority will need to convince federal officials bid, which was submitted by North Shore Constructors, a that it can cover the additional costs on its own. consortium led by West Mifflin, Pa.-based Trumbull Corp. The project includes boring twin tunnels under the and Japan-based Obayashi Corp. Six companies and joint Allegheny River and constructing 1,200 ft of cut-and-cover tun- ventures submitted bids. nel along the western side of PNC Park. Extending the light-rail When bids for the tunnel-boring contract were opened in system from downtown to the North Shore is considered a key September 2005, the apparent low bid of $87 million (which to continuing development between PNC Park and Heinz was later disqualified) was said to be 25 percent higher than Field. The contract also includes building about 300 ft of retain- engineering estimates. The second-lowest bid of $112.9 mil- ing walls and the concrete shell of the future PNC Park station. lion also was rejected. As it turned out, it was higher than any After the bids received in September 2005 were rejected, other bid submitted for the tunnel-only portion of the con- authority officials deferred a proposed convention center spur tract. The Port Authority repackaged the contract to give com- and station in an effort to make the project affordable. The Port panies more options and include the cut-and-cover tunnel, as Authority has now put contingency funds in the $393 million North Shore Constructors did, in hopes of lowering the price.

TBM: Tunnel Business Magazine FEBRUARY 2006 DR.MOLE 12 “Claims bySOBandOldMoley.” Resultsguaranteed! the tunnelingindustry?Boband Icouldcallourcompany, anyone wanttodoanythingelse giventhecurrentstateof hotels andfinerestaurants.Come tothinkofit,whywould great timehangingoutwith theirlegalbuddiesinnice risk, neednothingmorethan20/20hindsightandhavea sultant. Theclaimsguysmakelotsofmoney, assumeno over tothedarksideandbecomeafull-timeclaimcon- times, Dr. MoleistemptedtoacceptBob’s verdict,togo • And, finally, theoverridingtruthofBob’s observations • Bob seesalackofdesirebyanyoneinvolvedinthe • Given theabove—anddespiteBob’s impressionthat • Bob seesdesignsthatareinadequate,designerswho • Bob doesnotnormallyexperiencehonest,fairandrea- following fivebulletpoints: DistillingBob’s columnprovidesthe thoughts intowriting. his 40yearsofexperienceandabilitytoput tunnel constructionbusiness”betterthanBob,basedon industry whocan“grumble aboutthevicissitudes ofthe but. Asusual,Dr. Moleknowsofnooneinthetunneling Business Magazine,theimplementationstrategyisanything Constructors Inc.]intheDecemberissueof vice presidentandadirectorofFrontier-Kemper as pointedoutbySweetOldBob[BobPond, executive value. ished producttotheownerthatprovideslong-term time controllingcost,minimizingriskanddeliveringafin- between theownerandcontractor, whileatthesame been howcanweincreasethelevelofcooperation The entirethrustofthesecommentsanddiscussionshas bined sincewestartedwritingthiscolumninApril2000. this topicthanwerereceivedaboutallothertopicscom- ASK DR.MOLE sonable businesspracticesinthepubliccontractingarena. goes unpunished. quences andcreatesascenariowherenogooddeed any proactiveactionresultsinunintendedconse- is aconstructionprocurementmethodologywhereby tunneling businesstovolunteerbecomealabrat. owners/designers tostewintheirownjuices. the contractandaremoreorlesscontenttoallow contractors whoareinclinedtoadherefanatically contractors reallywanttodoagoodjob—Bobsees messy processlikeabunchofvultures. in theirworkandownerswhohoverovertheentire are intenselydefensiveaboutanyallegedshortcoming ASK DR.MOLE To behonest,andhavingreadBob’s columnatleast10 This objectivesoundsdeceptivelystraightforward,but, has receivedmorecommentsabout W tion forseveralcolumnsandDr. Mole neering asappliedtotunnelconstruc- We havebeendiscussingvalueengi- How Straightforward is How Straightforward TBM: Tunnel BusinessMagazine FEBRUARY2006 by GaryBrierley TBM: Tunnel Value Engineering? next column. results andwillprovideafinaloverviewofthistopicinmy I’m notsurethatwemadeit,butIamstillstudyingthe and temporaryfacilities.From thecommentswereceived, cooperative approachtoconstructionmeansandmethods designed finishedfacilityaccompaniedbyaflexibleand Ingeneral, ourintentionwastoprovideawell- tunneling. both approacheshaveadvantagesanddisadvantagesfor design/bid/build anddesign/buildprocurementconcepts; address thisissuebycombiningthebestaspectsof the followingisnecessary: G a Our approachtoconstructionengineeringhasbeen 3. An owner/designerteamthattrulyunderstands the Designerswho,alsobasedonknowledgeandexperi- 2. Owners whounderstand, basedonactualknowledge 1. In ordertopreventtheformationofsuchacompany, r y

nomenally counterproductive. forallaspectsofdesign,isrampantandphe- cutting, are yousurehaveenoughtestborings?”Cost times Dr. Molehasbeenaskedbyanowner, “Now gations. You cancountononehandhowmany respect totheimplementationofsubsurfaceinvesti- successful tunneldesign.Thisisespeciallytruewith and experience,howdifficultitistoimplementa environmental exposures. to detailwithrespectthird-party, communityand priate temporaryfacilitiesandappropriateattention appropriate constructionmeansandmethods,appro- mented approachtoconstructiontakingintoaccount andwell-docu- well-conceived well-coordinated, ments forafullyacceptablefinishedfacilityand ence, arecapableofprovidingthecontractdocu- on atunnelingproject. impacts andassociatedrippleeffectsthatcanoccur limited, simplydonotrealizethehugenegative structures,wherethegroundriskis above-ground ers whoarefamiliarwithdifferingsiteconditionsfor become theresponsibilityofowner. Mostown- the costandschedulingimpactsofthosedifferences from whatisencounteredduringconstruction,then tions. Ifthoseindicationsarematerially“different” provide contractindicationsforsubsurfacecondi- clause isused,theowner/designerobligatedto the outcomeofatunnelingproject.Whenthis that thedifferingsiteconditionsclausecanhaveon overwhelming andpotentially“negative”impact B r i e r l e y

is presidentofBrierleyAssociates, Denver. 13

Lovat Celebrates Automated Subway Arup to Survey GLOBAL EVENTS Opening in Turin, Italy Singapore In advance of the Rail Extension Opening Ceremonies The Land Transport of the 2006 Olympic Authority (LTA) of Winter Games, the Singapore has award- City of Turin, Italy, ed an advanced con- celebrated the open- sultancy contract to ing of its new auto- Arup for the new mated subway system. Downtown Extension Participating in the (DTE) to the Circle Line, a $6.7 billion railway project currently public ceremony was under construction in downtown Singapore. Arup's work will Ing. Richard Lovat, Mi comprise a multi-disciplinary feasibility study, including the nistro Pietro Lunardi surveying of some 700 properties and the preparation of a Richard Lovat (second from left) with and Mayor Sergio geotechnical baseline report. Pietro Lunardi, Italian Minister of Chiamparino. Mayor The downtown extension will consist of three new stations, Transportation, and Ing. Piergiorgio Chiamparino com- plus an interchange at the existing Chinatown Station and anoth- Grasso, of Geodata/Systra. mented that the com- er with the Circle Line Promenade Station and 3.4 km of new pletion of the line was a “point of departure, not arrival,” for twin track tunnels. Construction is expected to start in mid-2007 the City of Turin. The Metro uses Light Automatic Vehicles that and be completed by 2012 at an estimated cost of $1.4 billion. are remotely controlled allowing for increased efficiency and “This extension to Singapore's Mass Rapid Transit system safety of the Metro's operation. This design has previously presents many technical and logistical challenges, and we been used in Taipei and Chicago. have put together a strong team of local and international Approximately 6.2 km of the 9.6-km line was engineers and experts to meet this challenge for the Land built by Lovat RME306SE earth pressure balance Transport Authority,” said Bill Grose, global leader of Arup's TBMs, which were first delivered in 2002. The contractors tunneling business. were GSG Tunneling S.r.l. (a joint venture of Grandi Lavori Grose noted that the DTE route passes through newly Fincosit S.p.A., SELI S.p.A. and Impressa Grassetto S.p.A.) reclaimed land earmarked for Singapore's Integrated Resort and TEC S.r.l. (a joint venture of SELI S.p.A. & Grandi development and beneath the central conservation area of LavoriFincositS.p.A.) which worked on behalf of the owner, Chinatown, which showcases some of Singapore's best pre- SATTI S.p.A., now called Gruppo Torinese Transporti. served built heritage.

Reader Service Number 5 TBM: Tunnel Business Magazine FEBRUARY 2006 14 Northern Exposure By Garry Stevenson TUNNELING IN CANADA

AnAn In-DepthIn-Depth LookLook atat thethe CanadianCanadian TunnelingTunneling MarketMarket

Tunneling in Canada has been given a While there are many underground The last major expansion of Toronto’s boost in recent years from two distinctly mines in Canada, historically there system was the Sheppard line, completed different sources. Canada is rich in has been relatively little exchange in 2002. A second extension was Tnatural resources and rising prices for between the mining and civil tunnel designed at about the same time as the energy and minerals have led to communities. This has also slowly Sheppard line but was shelved. tunneling activities in those fields. Social changed as contractors perform more The Gardiner Expressway in Toronto pressures have resulted in investments in and more mining activities for mine extends for several kilometers along transportation, water and wastewater owners, then look for civil projects the city’s waterfront. Recently, the city infrastructure, with tunnels being the to use their skills. Shaft sinking, in has considered reclaiming the attractive logical solution to avoid impacts to particular, is a specialty practice for real estate by putting the expressway existing facilities in population centers. which few outside the mining fraternity underground. The concept is similar in Increased tax revenue from the natural have the necessary experience. scope to Seattle’s plans to remove the resources is, in part, paying for the urban Alaska Way viaduct along its waterfront. infrastructure development. Transportation Edmonton, a much smaller city in oil- In the June 2002 issue of TBM: Tunnel Transportation tunnels have historically rich Alberta, is the only other city with a Business Magazine, Boro Lukajic, been largely limited to highway and train significant (compared to the population) assessed the Canadian tunnelling mar- tunnels in mountainous areas and under underground system. Approximately 40 ket. What follows is a comprehensive streams, with three exceptions. The two percent of the light rail transit’s 7.4 miles update of that assessment, including major population centers of Montreal is underground. The line was extended several examples of the range of and Toronto adopted subway systems with a short tunnel rising to surface near projects, both under way and in the decades ago. The Montreal metro is the university in 2003, and it appears planning stages across Canada. Lukajic currently being extended to the northern that future extensions away from the noted in his overview that funding for suburb of Laval, with an in-service date of downtown core and the river valley will public infrastructure at the time was 2007. Tunneling of the 3.2-mile line be on surface. lagging behind the demand for facilities, passing under the Rivière Des Prairies was Vancouver has, to date, had little in but this has changed dramatically in the completed in 2005. Construction of three the way of underground rapid transit. last few years. deep stations is currently under way. The “Skytrain” line, commissioned in TBM: Tunnel Business Magazine FEBRUARY 2006 15 the mid-1980s, included refurbish- To facilitate advanced treatment of two a short design-build tunnel for the TUNNELING IN CANADA ment of a short rail tunnel under the of Greater Vancouver’s water sources and intake was recently constructed to downtown core. An extension to the interconnect the two distribution allow reconstruction of the dam and system in 2001 required a 1,980-ft systems, 4.5 miles of twin, 12-ft diameter, conceptual plans for expansion of the long cut-and-cover tunnel in New hard-rock TBM tunnels will be driven supply include a short tunnel in the Westminster to accommodate the beneath North Vancouver. A single water opposite abutment; this expansion is surface road system. The existing treatment plant is under construction at unlikely to take place for several years. rapid transit is mainly an east-to-west the Seymour valley. Untreated water Edmonton is unique in Canada and people mover. from the Capilano reservoir will be perhaps North America. The city has had A new Vancouver transit line, the delivered to the plant, and then returned its own tunnel construction department Canada Line, is now under develop- after treatment for distribution. Shafts at for more than 50 years and owns several ment as a design-build-operate-trans- each end are 594 and 891 ft deep, in Lovat TBMs for use on water supply and fer project and will be commissioned order for the tunnels to pass beneath an sewage tunnels. In 2005, the 4,653-ft ahead of the 2010 Winter Olympics infilled preglacial valley. long, 9.5-ft diameter 23rd Avenue storage and Paralympics. This line will run The head difference between the tunnel was completed. An additional 20 north-south from the downtown core two sites offers opportunity for energy km of tunnels are in the planning stage. to the city of Richmond and the recovery. Bilfinger-Berger of Germany, Metropolitan Toronto’s continued Vancouver International Airport. It will in its first Canadian project, is growth is putting increasing pressure on include 1.6 miles of twin, 19.8-ft constructing the tunnels and shafts. its infrastructure. In York Region, for diameter bored tunnels lined with Currently, base excavation is under way example, the York Durham Sewage precast segments and four deep in the launch shaft and the Robbins System has more than 12.4 miles of stations downtown and under the TBM is scheduled for start-up in June tunnels under construction or about to be False Creek water body, plus another 2006. At the third major water supply awarded. The Southeast Collector Trunk 4.9-mile cut-and-cover section. source to the east, Coquitlam Lake, Sewer, which will twin an existing 8.7- Both the TBM and cut-and-cover sections will encounter variable geology ranging from glacial till to sandstone containing dikes and sills of volcanic rock. A joint venture of SNC Lavalin (head of the owner’s group) and Italian firm Seli will design and construct the bored tunnels, in Seli’s first North American tunnel project. Lovat is supplying the TBM, which should be assembled by April 2006. Tunnel completion is scheduled for early 2008.

Water & Wastewater Several tunnels for water and wastewater have been constructed in recent years or are in planning and design stages. The Greater Vancouver Water District is upgrading its pipelines to current seismic design standards and tunnels will be required to achieve this due to the abundant loose sediments in the region. Detailed design and preparation of tender documents recently commenced for the Port Mann Tunnel beneath the Fraser River. This will require a half-mile long tunnel, with shafts at least 132 ft deep at each end. Alternative arrange- ments with the tunnel in overburden and rock will be considered. Tender is scheduled for mid-2007. A second tunnel will be required beneath Burrard Inlet between Vancouver and North Vancouver. Conceptual designs have been prepared, with construction likely to begin in 2010.

TBM: Tunnel Business Magazine FEBRUARY 2006 Reader Service Number 6 TUNNELING IN CANADA 16 Power Supplies potable watersupplysystem. The waterthencontinuesontothecity’s 2004, containstheheatexchangeunit. heat sink.ATBMtunnel,completedin Ontario, atadepthof274ft,asthe the constant4CtemperatureofLake its heatexchangetechnology, usingthe friendly asEnwaveEnergyCorp.extends is becomingincreasinglyenvironmentally required tobeinserviceby2010. ing anenvironmentalassessment.Itis mile longsystem,iscurrentlyundergo- Falls (siteoftheworld’ssecondlargest development downstreamof Churchill underground structure. Péribonka powerhousewill bean 1,749-ft) diversiontunnels. The tion, bothfeaturingshort(1,155-and Péribonka plantsareunderconstruc- Currently, theEastmain1and diversion tunnelaroundthedamsite. 6.1-mile headracechannel,aswella sioned inmid-2005,includesa development hasneverstopped. mega projectwasatitspeak,but to the1980s,whenJamesBay development hasslowedcompared consumers. InQuebec,thepaceof power tobothdomesticandU.S. several projectsacrossthecountryfor sources. Constructionisunderwayat generation isoneofthemainenergy fresh waterandhydroelectricpower Air conditioningindowntownToronto In Labrador, the LowerChurchillRiver The Toulnustouc project,commis- Canada isrichlyendowedwith under wayacrossthecountrytosupplybothdomesticandU.S. consumers. generation isoneofitsmainenergysources.Constructioncurrently Canada isrichlyendowedwithfreshwater, sohydroelectricpower TBM: Tunnel BusinessMagazine FEBRUARY2006 mental approval.The receiving environ- and athirdrecently two inproduction diamond mines,with to Canada’s first Territories arehome and schedule. actual flowcapacity price istiedto design-build project lied byROWA. The gear willbesupp- for fall2006.Trailing launch scheduled rock TBM,with world’s largesthard will providethe Robbins swelling. contacting theshaleandinitiating backing topreventfreshwaterfrom will becastinplacewithamembrane swelling Queenstonshale.Thelining 41-ftIDtunnelinthe 6.2-mile long, scheme willseeconstructionofa The approximately$510million(U.S.) Strabag —itsfirstprojectinCanada. Diversion Tunnel projecttoAustria’s awarded thelandmarkNiagara tunnels tofacilitatedamconstruction. Falls, willincludesignificantdiversion developments, GullRapidsandMuskrat feasibility reviewisunderway. Two hydro in mid-2005andthenextphaseof nents forthedevelopmentwereselected consideration. Threepreferredpropo- underground powerhouse)isunder The Northwest Ontario Power Generationrecently wastewater treatmentwillresult inmorework,including Canada’s tunneling, insmaller populationcentersinthe future. demand forasafewatersupply andadequate provincial governmenthaspermitted significantly inthepastdecade,as in BritishColumbiahasgrown several timessincetheearly1970s. This projecthasbeenon-again,off-again 33-ft diameter, excavatedinweakshale. require diversiontunnelsintheorderof on thePeace River. Theschemewill consideration istheSiteCdevelopment province. Thesinglebigprojectunder plan thatisnowunderreviewbythe comprehensive powerdevelopment power sales,recentlycompleteda supplier andtheagencyforinternational a provincialgovernmentorganization. are ownedbytheColumbiaPower Corp., short powertunnel.Bothoftheseprojects environmental scrutiny;itwillfeaturea undergoing technicalevaluationand a milefromtheinternationalborder, is Project. TheWaneta expansion,lessthan completed attheBrilliantExpansion Columbia River, tunnellingwasrecently the U.S. borderontributariesofthe plants areunderconstruction.Closeto issues tobeaddressed. hostile arcticenvironmentaresignificant and securityofenergytransmissioninthe miles southofthenearestmine;cost However, Twin Gorgesismorethan290 substantial partoftheoperatingcosts. annually onwinterroadsandrepresentsa power generation;thefuelistruckedin Currently, theremote minesusediesel including ashortheadracetunnel. is beingconsidered,withoneoption Expansion oftheTwin Gorgeshydroplant mines fromhydroelectricplants. feasibility ofpowertransmissiontothe Territories’ Power Corp.isexaminingthe Private developmentofhydropower BC Hydro,theprovince’smainpower In BritishColumbia,severalhydro TUNNELING iN CANADA 17 is president of the nn oo ss nn ee vv ee tt SS

yy Thanks to fellow Tunnelling rr rr Acknowledgments Association of Canada Members Dean Brox, Brian Garrod, Huber, Frank Brendan Henry, Hani Mitri, Bill Greg Kuzik, Steller and Derek Zoldy for contributions from their regions. aa GG Tunnelling Association of Canada (TAC) Association Tunnelling of the geoenvi- and general manager Klohn Crippen ronment group of Canada. Berger Ltd., Vancouver, result in more work, including tunnel- work, including in more result ing, in centers population in smaller for An incessant demand the future. societal concerns coupled with energy, and gas generation over greenhouse non- disposal, favor nuclear waste polluting, hydroelectric renewable are an where tunnels generation developments. integral part of the and minerals High prices for energy for some time and appear to be with us the spin-offs dollars for include tax development. continued infrastructure will remain active in Canada Tunneling come. for several years to The facility is now in a safe in a safe is now facility The Tunneling is a vital part of Canada’s Tunneling nationwide demands for However, decommissioning mode and the and mode decommissioning to is expected federal government the next for make recommendations step in long-term radioactive waste Waste The Nuclear management. recom- Organization’s Management include to the government mendations of waste, with the underground storage retrieval until such potential for waste a permanent time as society accepts It is possible that means of disposal. include an under- the next phase will ground facility in Ontario. infrastructure and energy development. infrastructure and energy feasible to address Only tunnels are increased demand for water supply and treatment and for storage and treatment of all sewage in many urban settings. for these facilities is likely to Tunneling increase in the future as populations continue to grow in the major cities and their suburbs. Most tunneling for water, sewer and transportation projects occurs in the larger population centers. a safe water supply and adequate wastewater treatment, supported by legislated water quality criteria, will In Summary : Tunnel Business Magazine FEBRUARY 2006 TBM: Tunnel The storage of spent nuclear fuels The storage of spent remains a technically and socially remains a technically challenging task. Canada has been in the forefront of research into underground storage for the past two decades. The Underground Research Laboratory constructed by Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd. is located in eastern Manitoba in granitic rock of the Canadian Shield. It has carried out research and development into characterization of the rock mass, instrumentation and controlled blasting techniques to minimize rock damage. Recent R&D has focused on techniques for sealing storage caverns. smaller independent suppliers to suppliers independent smaller to be tend These energy. provide run-of-river environmental to minimize power qualify as “green” impact and include requirements Tunnel projects. tunnels for construction both diversion Hydro tunnels. BC and power for called for tenders most recently supply in December independent power calls, the Pingston 2005. Under earlier miles of tunnels Hydro plant, with 2.2 was completed. and a 1,485-ft shaft the Ashlu and Among proposed plants, both in the Zeballos Lake projects, province, include southwest of the 3.4 miles power tunnels approximately and 3,300 ft long, respectively. Reader Service Number 7 18 HighlightsHighlights ofof HONG KONG HongHong KongKong

ItsIts FutureFuture inin TunnelingTunneling andand InfrastructureInfrastructure WorkWork

By David Salisbury With the ongoing recovery from tunnels and 12 percent large span dual workload had steadily decreased with the Asian economic crisis in 1997, two- and three-lane road tunnels. many potential projects, like the the Hong Kong Special Administrative The tunneling industry in Hong Kong proposed KCRC Sha Tin to Central Region (HKSAR) continues to expand has had a history of feast and famine link, a number of MTR extension its infrastructure at an extraordinary over the past quarter century that looks projects and the second phase of rate. The New Territories’ urban destined to continue over the next the deep sewer scheme project developments, population growth and decade. It began with the construction either shelved or their implementa- increasing trade with mainland China of the mass transit railway (MTR) tion slowed down by red tape. are the driving forces behind this system in the 1980s, then a quiet In early 2005, the future looked expansion. The constraints of existing period with a few utility and road particularly bleak with many of the structures, natural terrain and environ- tunnels. In the mid-1990s came two remaining tunneling professionals mental considerations are making major projects that caused a boom in leaving Hong Kong, tempted by new the use of tunnels a key element of all the local tunneling industry: the new projects worldwide. However, a surge the major projects under construction airport project and the deep sewer in activity, at least for the design and planned for the near future. drainage project. consultants, in the latter half of 2005 There already exists more than 370 Following on from these came indicates that the pendulum is swing- km of bored tunnels in the HKSAR — the mass transit line extension into ing once again back toward growth in more than 65 percent of which are the Tseung Kwan O new town devel- the tunneling industry. This comes at 7- to 13-ft diameter water transfer, opment and the Kowloon Canton the same time as what appears to be a sewerage and other utility tunnels, 22 Railway Corp. (KCRC) West Rail general increase in major tunneling percent are 16.5- to 26-ft diameter rail project. Since 2000, the tunneling infrastructure projects worldwide. TBM: Tunnel Business Magazine FEBRUARY 2006 19

Rail Tunnels KCRC recently awarded two contracts conditions. The stacked alignment then HONG KONG Several proposed mass transit to complete the link between the West unwinds while negotiating a tight sub rail projects are planned for and East rail lines, a 2.2-mile project 825-ft radius curve and passes directly Hong Kong. Much of the planned known as the Kowloon Southern Link in front of the famous Peninsula Hotel development has been put on hold, (KSL). The northern section will be with less than a diameter of cover to the pending a decision to merge MTR constructed as a cut-and-cover box road surface before crossing existing Corp. and KCR Corp. into a single rail along the mid-1990s West Kowloon MTR lines and connecting to the East company. Both corporations are reclamation with the 1.2-mile southern Rail extension at Tsim Sha Tsui. moving ahead with new projects that section, which includes West Kowloon In 2004, KCRC completed a scheme are independent of the outcome of station, being constructed using a 26.4- design study for a new Sha Tin to the merger. ft diameter slurry mixshield TBM along Central Line (SCL) that would provide MTR continues the development an extremely tight road corridor it with the first connection from of its network. It has recently in very challenging mixed ground the mainland to Hong Kong Island. opened the Disneyland Resort Line and is moving ahead with the planned West Island line extension to the existing Hong Kong Island line, which is now at the scheme design stage. The project is wholly underground, including two of the three stations to be constructed as caverns. The majority of the tunnels will be constructed in hard rock, with the connection to the existing island line requiring some complex soft ground tunneling works. It is likely to be split into three or four design and construct contracts, which are intended to begin prequalification in May 2006. As well as the West Island line, MTR is currently preparing to commence the scheme design of the South Island line, which will connect the southwestern township of Aberdeen and Ap Lei Chau island to the network, as well as provide a rail link to the Ocean Park redevelopment. The line is likely to be a lightrail people mover with an alignment requiring a mixture of tunnels, viaducts and at-grade structures. The other rail operator, KCRC, is continuing steady development of its network since the major development of its West Rail line opened in 2003. An extension to the East Rail line into the shopping and tourist area of Tsim Sha Tsui and the new Ma On Shan line were completed in 2004. A new branch at the northern end of the line is nearing completion of the civil works with track, signalling and other systemwide construction ongoing for opening in early 2007. The line provides an alternative border crossing into China to the current crossing at Lo Wu, which becomes a major bottleneck during peak times. The main section of the branch line was constructed beneath protected wetlands using a 28-ft diameter EPB TBM that had been first used on the West Rail project. TBM: Tunnel Business Magazine FEBRUARY 2006 Reader Service Number 8 HONG KONG 20 Highway Tunnels proposed alignments. work iftheygoaheadonthe require extensivetunneling Kowloon, bothofwhichwill line fromGuangzhouto Link andaregionalexpress China calledtheNorthern border crossintomainland feasibility stage,athird projects thatareatthe twin-tube tunnel. more than11.2-milesof immersed tubetoproduce and and blast,cut-and-cover diameters, alongwithdrill face TBMsof23-to24¾-ft with apotentialforsixmixed- of thealignmentisintunnel does goahead,themajority remain stalled.Ifandwhenit merger, thisprojectislikelyto final decisionismadeonthe some ofthestations.Untila alignment andthelayoutof affect theviabilityof combined networkwould negotiations withMTRC,asa hold pendingthemerger The projectwasputon they goahead. and willinvolveextensivetunneling if which areatthefeasibilitystudy stage Tuen Munbypassprojects,allthreeof Island andtheEastern Western link acrosstoTuen MunfromLantau have consequencesforaproposed highway. Ifthelinkgoesaheaditwill tunnels tocarrythedualtriplelane and-blast orverylargediameterbored there areproposalsforeitherdrill- adjacent toChekLapKok airport, Hong Kong landfallonLantauIsland separates thethreeareas,at viaduct acrossthePearl Delta,which majority oftheroadwillbeabridge go aheadin2006or2007.Whilethe three economiccenters,lookslikelyto Macau bridge,whichwouldlinkthe next threetofiveyears. likely tomovecloserrealityinthe highway projectsinvolvingtunnelsare nearing completion.Severalother rock drillandblasttunnelsare Stonecutters bridge.Allthreearehard largest cablestaywhenconstructed, of viaductandwhatwillbetheworld’s tunnel projects,aswelllargesections known as“Route8,”hasthreelarge KCRC hastwoothermajor The proposedHongKong-Zuhai- The majorongoinghighwayproject, A newbranchatthenorthernendofMaOnShanlinewasconstructed TBM: Tunnel BusinessMagazine FEBRUARY2006 Drainage Tunnels stormwater drainageschemes thatcon- mence prequalificationinearly 2008. construct tunnelcontractsand willcom- consist offourormoredesign and experienced. HATS Stage2islikelyto excessive faultingandwateringresswas hardrocktunnels,where deep sub-sea during thefirstphaseworksexcavating suffered majordelaysandcostoverruns sewage disposalscheme(SSDS),which previously knownasthestrategic Treatment Scheme (HATS) Stage2. tunnels formingtheHarborArea is 14.3milesof4-to11.5-ftdiameter Ofthe fourprojects,thelargest pending. and awardofdesignassignmentsare All bidsweresubmittedbyJan.6,2006, sion bidsforfourmajortunnelschemes. scheme designandconstructionsupervi- (DSD) hasrecentlyinvitedinvestigation, designed capacitybefore2010. tunnel, whichisexpectedtoreach Tseun KwanO—torelievetheexisting Kowloon tothenewdevelopmentof of asecondtunnel—fromeast believed tobestudyingthepossibility been firstusedontheKowloon CantonRailwayCorp.West Railproject. beneath protectedwetlandsusingan8.6-mdiameterEPBTBMthathad The otherthreetunnelprojects are This isthenextphaseofscheme The DrainageServicesDepartment The HighwaysDepartmentisalso tunnels behindtheslope inthe The proposalistodrivetwo gallery nance andisinneedofreplacement. system requirescontinuous mainte- landslides. Thecurrentraking drain existing slopethathasahistory of ter tablebeneathandbehindan designed todrawdownthegroundwa- to beginprequalification,whichis projecton HongKong Islandabout ing, Department hasasmall,butinterest- Transfer Tunnels. recently completedKaiTak Stormwater these willcontinuethesuccessof following fiveyears.Itisexpectedthat ing in2007andextendingoverthe mid-2006 withconstructioncommenc- design andconstructcontractsin are likelytostartprequalificationfor projects inTsuen Wan andLaiChiKok, with theothertwosimilarsmaller and alargeoutfallstructure.This,along tunnels withmorethan30intakeshafts miles of22-and25.5-ftdiameter the largest,consistingofmorethan6.2 West HongKong Stormwater projectis heavy rainstorms.Ofthesethree,the tion, ispronetocausefloodingduring continuing developmentandreclama- urban drainagesystem,which,dueto tinue themajorupgradeofexisting The CivilEngineeringDevelopment HONG KONG 21 is an associate with yy rr uu bb ss ii ll aa SS

dd ii vv Singapore continues its steady continues its Singapore about the Before we get too excited aa DD Ove Arup & Partners Hong Kong Ltd. Hong Kong Ove Arup & Partners and leads Arup’s East Asia tunnel design team. Several new lines are undergoing lines are new Several of with the promise scheme design issued in 2006. tenders being of mass transit infrastruc- development line the ongoing central ture with and the future downtown extension service the future line extension to development (they “Integrated Resort” them Casinos in try not to call Singapore). one-wayfuture and start booking flights it should be noted to Southeast Asia, outlined above that not all the projects necessary to have received the funding phase. move into the construction construction, Some are already under the made it past while others haven’t feasibility study stage. The majority, in are real projects, which are however, various stages of their design development. There are also a number of other potential major and minor projects not mentioned here that could further tunneling industry. boost the region’s a key feature will — The government of Thailand Following the opening of the Hong Following The 0.8-mile long railway will be one appears to be pushing ahead with the next phase of the Bangkok MRT. Kong Disneyland, the local theme park Disneyland, Kong has decided it will undertake Ocean Park and a $500 million redevelopment expansion program Elsewhere in East Asia Ocean Park Funicular Ocean Park The Swire Properties/MTR 990-ft long 990-ft Properties/MTR The Swire currently under Subway, Queensway that is one such project construction, office Swire’s new will connect retail and to its existing development local and the office development subway. pedestrian MTR station similar projects This is one of several of others in ongoing with a number various stages of development. be a funicular railway, the majority of the be a funicular railway, to transport park which will be tunneled visitors through the hillside from the low- land entrance to the headland attractions. of the first items of infrastructure to be constructed and a design-and-construct tender is likely to be issued for a two-year construction period in mid-2006. : Tunnel Business Magazine FEBRUARY 2006 TBM: Tunnel The value of real estate on Hong This follows the successful comple- This follows the successful One of the two local power compa- One of the two local Reader Service Number 9 Kong Island is such that developers Kong are willing to invest large sums in infrastructure to connect their buildings to the mass transit network. tion of four other cable tunnels in tion of four other 2005. The other utility companies also have some minor tunnel projects ongoing and proposed for the future, which keep several local medium-sized contractors relatively busy. nies, China Light and Power (CLP), has (CLP), Power nies, China Light and fifth cable tunnel recently awarded its 15-ft diameter project for a 2.8-mile, from its remote hard-rock TBM drive the power station down to Castle Peak of the ongoing urban network as part electricity grid. upgrade of the main Pedestrian Subways Pedestrian Utilities underlying granite bedrock and drill and bedrock granite underlying tunnel holes out of the arrays of drain being rockhead, the aim up to the as as much water seepage to create ongoing scheme design is possible. The are documents and prequalification issued in early 2006. due to be ICELAND 22 T ough environmentimpactassessment reality inthelastfive.In2001, athor- for nearly50years,itonlybecame a capacity of350,000tonsperyear. years, thenewsmelterwill havea facility Alcoahasconstructedin20 The firstnewprimaryaluminum constructed attheportofReyðarfjörður. the fjords)plant,whichisnowbeing power toAlcoa’s Fjarðaál(aluminumof will provide4,600GWhperyearof When completed,the690-MWplant fjords ofremotenortheasternIceland. is locatedamongstthemountainsand Weather andGeologicalConditions Tunneling Overcomes Extreme By JoeRoby Plant Hydropower Iceland’s New Supplying Weather andGeologicalConditions Tunneling Overcomes Extreme Weather andGeologicalConditions Tunneling Overcomes Extreme While theprojecthasbeendiscussed The KárahnjúkarHydropowerproject TBM: Tunnel BusinessMagazine FEBRUARY2006 was concludedwithAlcoa. power forthenewaluminum smelter 2004, a40-yearcontractto provide permits inFebruary 2003andinMarch issued thenecessaryconstruction construction. Localmunicipalities work wasabletobegin,includingroad permits fortheprojectandpreparatory Industry issuedallofthenecessary Iceland’s parliament. from asizablemajorityoftheAlthing, and in2002,followedbyapproval Environment gaveafinalpositiveruling The IcelandMinistryforthe (EIA) ontheprojectwascompleted. Later thatyear, theMinistryfor of 43milestunnelsare being disposal areasneareachadit. Atotal is transportedonconveyor beltsto tunnel excavation.Theexcavated rock majority oftheaditand headrace Company, Solon,Ohio,forthe manufactured byTheRobbins Impregilo isemployingthreeTBMs engineers. To completetheproject, cost estimatedbytheowner’s — approximately94percentofthe construction contractfor$341million of Milan,Italy, wasawardedthe scheduled fortotalcompletionin2009. In early2003,ImpregiloS.p.A., Project Scope flow inApril2007andtheprojectis per hour. Electricitywillbeginto maximum flowrateis2.3milliongal the projectis1,965ftand is returnedtoariver. Total headof then anopenchannel,fromwhichit through alongtailracetunneland Francis turbinesthewaterwillflow passing throughthesix115-MW shafts tothepowerhouse.After down two11-ftdiameter, vertical tunnel, thewaterwilldrop1,375ft headrace tunnel. the Ufsarlónreservoirtomain tunnel willcarrythewaterfrom reservoir. The8.7-milelongJökulsá will alsobedivertedintothis River. Threeothersmallerrivers damming theJökulsáíFljótsdal Reservoir willbeformedby Ufsarlón Reservoir. TheUfsarlón water willbeintroducedfromthe from 23to25ftandadditional tunnel, thediameterwillincrease Midway alongtheheadrace miles throughtheheadracetunnel. Reservoir, thewaterwillflow24 above sealevel.From theHálslón Hálslón Reservoir—2,050ft in Europe.Thusisformedthe dam willbethehighestofitstype and 633fthigh. and isapproximately2,400ftlong end oftheHafrahvammarcanyon is locatedatthesouthern(upper) largest ofwhich,Kárahnjúkastífla, collected behindthreedams,the from theJökulsááDalRiverwillbe largest glacierinEurope.Water mile Vatnajökull icecap,the the northeastareaof3,100-sq Dal glacialrivers,whichflowfrom Jökulsá íFljótsdalandtheá Plant willharnessthepowerof At theendoflongheadrace rockfill This concrete-faced, The KárahnjúkarHydropower ICELAND 23 19 46 312 3000 7.23 0-8.3 14,352 3,490 at 8.3 rpm 6,275 at 4.62 rpm TBMs No. 2 & 3 The cutterhead support houses the support houses The cutterhead motors are The main drive The TBMs are fitted with back-load- The cutterheads are constructed of future hard rock tunneling projects. rock tunneling hard of future of size limit the upper rock, In weaker is even greater. the machines seals, main bearing,main drive gear, There drive train. and the cutterhead main main drives. Each are ten 400-hp gear of an electric motor, drive consists unit. Torque reducer and Safeset through the passes from the motor to the rear of Safeset unit, mounted designed to protect the It is the motor. overloads. drive line from torque frequency (VF) controlled via variable infinite cutterhead inverters, allowing between zero and speed adjustment pinions of the 8.3 rpm. The output on a common main drives all mesh power is cutterhead Total ring gear. 4,000-hp and the system is capable of delivering high breakout torque (150 percent of running torque), as well as sustaining a high running torque. ing cutterheads designed for use with large-diameter 19-in. cutters, believed to be a first in TBM tunneling. Initially there were concerns that the heavy, large-diameter cutter might take substantially longer to change than a when used in a back- 17-in. cutter, those loading cutterhead. Fortunately, fears were unfounded. Impregilo, having previously used Robbins 17-in. cutters on three double- back-loading shield TBMs in China, has noted that the time required to change the 19-in. cutter in Iceland has back-loading been approximately equal to that required to change the 17-in. cutters. back-loading with an octagonal center section and eight outer cutterhead segments. The cutter housings are strategically located and welded inside the “housing wells” of each cutterhead to 19 48 312 7.63 3000 0-8.3 14,976 TBM No. 1 3,490 at 8.3 rpm 6,275 at 4.62 rpm TBM Specifications In anticipation of primarily competent In anticipation of primarily crews also anticipated However, Manufactured at Robbins’ Solon, In the upper part of the pile, the the pile, part of upper In the cold indicate intercalations sediment glacial deposition of climate with thick and tillites. The conglomerates are of fluvio-glacialsediments origin, and of conglomerates mainly consisting water Heavy underground sandstones. the expected during inflows were with peaks up tunnel excavation phase to 143 gal per second. and hard rock, Impregilo specified and hard rock, Impregilo open design is open-type TBMs. The said to be well-suited the types for where rock of ground conditions be necessary — support will occasionally rock bolts, ring primarily involving beams or wire mesh. Due to the open design, access to the walls and crown allowing for the place- is relatively easy, ment of ground support as required. lengths of tunnel in which the tunnel face would consist of a difficult mix of hard, competent rock with UCS (unconfined compressive strength) up to 46,000 psi and much softer, fragmented material. This would subject the cutters, cutterheads and mainbearings of the machines to extreme dynamic loading. As a result, Impregilo elected to use three Robbins high-performance model due to their robust TBMs (HP-TBMs) design and demonstrated track record in exceptionally hard rock. TBMs range in size from Ohio, facility, The 23 ft, 8.5 in. to 25 ft in diameter. figure below contains the basic HP TBM specifications for all three machines. The Robbins HP TBMs weigh approximately 650 tons. The machines can be modified to any diameter from 21 ft, 4 in. to 28 ft, making them suitable for a wide range TBM Selection : Tunnel Business Magazine FEBRUARY 2006 TBM: Tunnel TBM Diameter [m] Cutter size [in] Cutter load capacity [kN] Number of cutters Cutterhead thrust [kN] Cutterhead power [kW] Cutterhead torque [kNm] Cutterhead speed [rpm] 3,100-sq mile Vatnajökull ice cap. 3,100-sq mile Vatnajökull The accumulation rate of lava and The nature of the sediments varies The bedrock in the project area was in the project area The bedrock two of glacial rivers that flow from the The power plant will harness the power the average period between eruptions in the Fljótsdalur-Jökuldalur area have been determined to be about 1,600 ft per million years and 20,000 to 30,000 Sediments in the years, respectively. area occur as intercalations between lava flows, as well as thick accumula- tions filling depressions and old valleys. Moberg formations occur in the upstream part of the project as buried bodies of pillow lava, pillow breccia, tuff-breccia and tuffs. with their location within the lava-pile. In the lowest part of the pile, most sediments are fine grained and tuffaceous. formed over the past 6.5 million years, the past 6.5 million formed over of an approximately now consisting of basalt flows 8,910-ft thick sequence sediments and with intercalated of various kinds. moberg formation into the The basalt is classified types, following three petrographic Olivine basalt including holeiite basalt, basalt and Porphyritic Geology excavated on the project by TBM and by TBM project on the excavated methods. drill-and-blast ICELAND 24 immediately behindthecutterhead accommodate ringbeaminstallation The grippershoesareslotted to pressure intheweakerrockformations. large enoughtomaintainlow ground The contactareaofgrippershoesis the grippershoesontunnelwall. TBM withvirtuallynoslippageof system duringforwardpropulsionofthe machine. Thisensuresarigidanchoring times greaterthanthethrustforceof providing agrippingforcethatismany The grippercylinderiscapableof and twogrippershoeassemblies. large bore,doublerodgrippercylinder wall. Thegrippersystemconsistsofa reaction grippershoestothetunnel or “mixedface”conditions. ing steeringoftheHPTBMorinblocky the eccentricloadsthatcanoccurdur- Robbins HPTBMsforsustaining The bearingisdesignedspecificallyfor compared tothetunneldiameter. and thebearingdiameterislarge bearinghaslargerollers three-element realized underHPoperation.The of sustainingthehighthrustloads HP TBMs.Thebearingiscapable to thebearingsusedonallRobbins Thisissimilarindesign roller bearing. precise cuttertracking. cutterhead duringboringandensure These supportsfirmlystabilizethe the front,side,androofsupports. head supportassemblyalsoincludes for theparticulargeology. Thecutter- provide theoptimumcutterspacing In anticipationofprimarilycompetent The grippersystemanchorsthethrust The mainbearingisathree-element and hardrock,Impregilospecified open-type TBMs. TBM: Tunnel BusinessMagazine FEBRUARY2006 and thefirstrollingdeck,atransfer between therearsectionofTBM the TBM.Itconsistsofabridge This systemiscontinuouslytowedby the 325ftlongback-up system. handling work.BehindtheTBMis service beam/hoistsformaterial drills, cutterhandlingsystemsand shotcrete requiredduringexcavation. installed tohandlethelargeamountsof An AlivasprayingarmtypeAL-302 was tunnel whiletheTBMisboring. systems cantravelalongtheaxisof installed onthebridgestructure.These muck bucketare invert-cleaning the machine. correct positionforprobingaheadof actuator rotatestherockdrillsinto probe drillingisrequired,ahydraulic as theTBMmovesforward.When upper halfofthetunnelcrosssection that rockboltscanbeinstalledinthe mounted totheTBMinsuchaway Tamrock HL560superrockdrills probe drillingsystemconsistsoftwo support asrequired.Theroofand shotcrete robotstoinstallground erectors, meshhandlingcranesand roof/probe drillingsystems,ringbeam required cutterheadthrust. four propelcylindersthatprovidethe support. Thethrustsystemconsistsof Also includedintheTBMsarecore The shotcreterobotsystemandan The TBMsareequippedwith Water flow intothetunnelexceeded15,000 gpmonTBMNo.3 in designatedareasalongthebackup. forward withasupplytrainandstored components, fanlines,etc.,arebrought such asrails,continuousconveyor lower platformofalldecks.Supplies 36-in. gauge,isinstalledatthecenterof rail,with ramp section.Asingle-track and lowerplatforms,aswellone conveyor, ninerollingdeckswithupper Status ofTunnel Excavation nearly afullmonth.Adetailed whichrequired perform thewelding, welding companywascontractedto together atthejobsite.Aninternational tured inninepiecesthatwerewelded the harshwinterconditionsinIceland. protect theworkersandequipmentfrom with agantrycranewaserectedto the TBMassembly, anassemblyshed jobsite inearlyJanuary2004.Priorto of2004,respectively.mid -ebruary and shipped toIcelandinmid-January 2003. TBMsNo.2and1were was shippedtoIcelandbymid-October the bestpossibleproduct.TBMNo.3 and manufactureinordertoproduce review theprogressofTBMdesign the clientandoutsideconsultantsto Robbins Company, Impregilo S.p.A., meetings wereheldbetweenThe turing ofthethreeTBMs,several The TBMcutterheadwasmanufac- TBM No.3componentsarrivedatthe Throughout thedesignandmanufac- Reader Service Number 1 ICELAND 26 ground becamemorefractured. extremely highwaterinflow andthe range ofgeology, untilitencountered first yearofproductionthrough awide averaging 1,973ftpermonth overits the machinecontinuedvery well, This wasanextraordinarystartand only itsthirdfullmonthofproduction. month ofoperation,and3,396ftin machine bored3,039ftinitsfirstfull toward theHálslónReservoir. The project, startedboringfromAditNo.3 total TBMboredtunnel. total of61,238ft,or47percentthe 2005, thethreeTBMshaveboreda percent. AsoftheendDecember adit withdownwardslopeofupto5 1 wasspectacularlymovedalongan Sept. 21,2004,respectively. TBMNo. started boringonJuly26,2004,and in thesamefashionasTBMNo.3,and 2004, whentheboringoperationstarted. tested andcommissionedonApril24, theTBMwasfully of wiringandplumbing, chamber.tunnel-starting Aftercompletion boring systemwasthenbroughtintothe connected totheTBM.Theentiretunnel decks andthebridgewereassembled on topoftransportationdollies.Backup to arrivalatthesite. TBM componentswasdevelopedprior assembly sequenceforallofthemajor TBM No.3,thefirsttoarriveat TBM Nos.1and2wereassembled The mainskeletonoftheTBMwasset Crews haveexperiencedextremelyinhospitableenvironmentalconditions on the Kárahnjúkar HeadraceTunnel, -13 Fandwindspeedsupto105milesperhour. TBM: Tunnel BusinessMagazine FEBRUARY2006 115.5 ftimmediatelyahead ofthe Core drillingrevealedazonemore than in theoriginalgeological studies. May 2005. before encounteringmultiplefaultsin month overitsfirstninemonthsof the machineaveraged1,838ftper widely ranginggeologicalconditions, first fullmonthofoperation.Through stellar start,boringalmost2,900ftinits TBM No.3.Thismachinealsohada and nowdirectlytowardtheoncoming the endofDecember2005. 3 startedboringtowardAditNo.2at machine aheadofschedule.TBMNo. the decisionwastakentoturn schedule bydrill-and-blastmethods, ft couldbefinishedwellwithin by full-facedrillingandthefinal3,630 be moreaggressivelypre-grouted the tunnelface.Sincecould per secondwasissuingdirectlyfrom second, andattimesmorethan52gal flows wouldnottoexceed143galper water exceeding260galpersecond. original planafterencounteringtunnel heading wastakenabitaheadofthe withdraw theTBMfromHálslón toward AditNo.2.Thedecisionto turned 180degreestobeginboring 2005, broughtbacktoAditNo.3and The faultzonewasnotpredicted TBM No.2isboringfromAdit2, Original expectationswerethat TBM No.3wasstoppedinJuly including temperaturesof Company, basedinSolon,Ohio. Project Summary speaks foritself. the severityofconditions.The record completed onschedule,despite many internationalcontractorsisbeing industry. Aprojectthatfrightened performance recordsinthetunneling resulted inoneofthebest TBM designandmanufacture,has combined withRobbinsexpertisein experience inTBMtunneling, very positiveresult.ImpregiloS.p.A.’s construction oftheheadracetunnels. employ threehigh-powerTBMsinthe together todesign,manufactureand Company haveworkedclosely Impregilo S.p.A.andTheRobbins engineers andtechniciansfrom tunneling performanceontheproject. the potentialtonegativelyimpact geological conditions,ofcourse,have Theextremeweatherand tunneling. some difficultgeologicalconditionsfor zones andhighwaterinflowscreate in combinationwithextremefractured addition, theveryhardandabrasiverock have beenexperiencedatthesite.In wind speedsofupto105milesperhour conditions. Temperatures of-13Fand in extremelyinhospitableenvironmental KAR-14 isalargeandchallengingproject has generallyexceeded40percent. September of2004.Boringutilization total tunnel,sincestartinginlate bored 31,749ft,or72percentofits months ithasbeeninoperation.It 2,076 ftpermonthforthe15full forming extremelywell,averaging toward AditNo.2.andhasbeenper- machines nowboretowardeachother. alleviate anypotentialdelaysasthe around ofTBMNo.3willhelpto December. Fortunately, theearlyturn- more than660ftwascompletedin continues tobedifficult,however, achieving 1,188ftthatmonth.Therock again inNovember2005,whichitdid, called forthemachinetostartboring stopped forseveralmonths.Theplan program requiringthemachinebe significant groundimprovement tered. Impregilomadeplansfora to 39galpersecondwereencoun- to 26ftthick.Inaddition,waterinflows machine withcohesion-lessmaterialup J o e The cooperativeapproachhashada Recognizing theadverseconditions, The KárahnjúkarHeadraceTunnel, TBM No.1isboringfromAdit

R o b y is vicepresidentofTheRobbins Reader Service Number 11 28 BigBig WalnutWalnut InterceptorInterceptor

COLUMBUS BackBack onon TrackTrack

Columbus Sewer Upgrade Overcomes Major Obstacles to Remain on Schedule

By Glen Frank The Big Walnut Augmentation/ price of $79 million. The lowest bids for Additional requirements for the main Rickenbacker Interceptor (BWARI) both contracts are well below the engi- conveyance tunnels included a one-pass project is part of an overall program for neer’s estimates of $116 million for Part bolted and gasketed precast concrete Tthe City of Columbus, Ohio, intended One and $89 million for Part Two. segmental lining, which is protected on to significantly increase the capacity of Estimates for the two design-bid-build the inside with a 320-degree corrosion- its sanitary sewer system by midyear contracts were prepared by H.R. Gray proof lining across the crown. Depth to 2008. The program includes sewerage during the design process, which was the top of the tunnel ranges from 28 to 68 plant and conveyance improvements led by URS Corp., and based on geot- ft deep on both tunnels, with one stream totaling $300 million that are currently echnical investigations, tunnel design crossing with only 10 ft of cover on Part in construction under the supervision of and geotechnical baseline reports pre- One and a water table well above the H.R. Gray, which is serving as construc- pared by Lachel Felice & Associates. crown on both projects. Working pressure tion manager for all of the projects in for the closed-face pressurized TBMs will the program. The BWARI tunnel pro- Big Walnut Rundown be in the order of 18 to 30 psi. ject includes approximately 36,800 ft Both tunnels on the project pass Both tunnel contracts and the associ- of pressure balance tunneling and is through glacial and glacio-fluvial terrain, ated Southerly Waste Water Treatment made up of two parts, both of which comprising layered, dense glacial tills Plant upgrades are scheduled to finish are currently under construction. and water-bearing sand and gravel together, with the BWARI sewer tunnels Part One of the BWARI project was outwash deposits, both of which contain and new treatment plant headworks awarded in September, 2003, to the Jay boulders and a high groundwater table. expected to accept flow in July 2008. Dee/Michels/Traylor Brothers (JDMT) Based on the geotechnical data and These improvements, comprising a $300 joint venture for the bid price of $91 GBR, the contract specified the use of million investment by the City of million. Part Two was awarded to the pressurized-face TBMs specifically Columbus, are designed to relieve the McNally/Kiewit Construction (M/K) joint designed and manufactured for the area’s existing 108-in. Big Walnut outfall venture in October 2004 for the bid respective contracts. sewer main, provide sewerage service to

TBM: Tunnel Business Magazine FEBRUARY 2006 COLUMBUS 29 “We are just over half way complete are just over “We One contract also includes The Part a significant impact on the mining, on impact a significant thus been successful JDMT has and under the cutterhead far in maintaining conditions. atmospheric what and are beginning with the tunnel ground the most challenging we think is of said Mike DiPonio on the project,” are very pleased with the “We JDMT. especially capabilities of the machine, concerned. There is where boulders are that boulders have significant evidence and the machine been encountered, them up with appears to be breaking the cutterhead.” six of which have seven access shafts, drops, and several service connection 14-ft square box hundred feet of a the tunnel to section that connects the new headworks of the Southerly Plant. All of the Treatment Wastewater initial shaft excavation is complete on One tunnel, and the initial the Part connections between the shafts and tunnel has been made at Shafts 2, 3 and 4. The large box structure was constructed at the beginning of the project in an open-cut excavation, backfilled and used as a tail tunnel for the launch of the TBM. The new 16-ft diameter Lovat TBM for The new 16-ft diameter Ground conditions encountered have Part One was delivered to the site in One was delivered to the site Part the first ring was September of 2004 and 2004. After over- installed in November to flooding of the coming early delays due main shaft, JDMT area surrounding the of the more than has installed over half 4,000 5-ft rings and mining is on schedule for completion in November 2006. included hard clay and soft silt, but the majority of the tunnelling thus far has been in well-graded sands and gravel. Boulders were a significant concern during the design and contingency plans have been developed for accessing the cutterhead chamber under compressed While boulders have doubtlessly air. been encountered, they have not had BWARI Reaches Halfway Point BWARI diameter sewer. Of the total length, the total Of sewer. diameter be open-cut lf will 4,523 approximately 877 lf and approximately construction to construction. In addition will be tunnel a large 42-in. conveyances, 12 ft and the flow structure, where gate/drop can be 108-in. sewer from the existing all of the and regulated once bypassed complete, will be ongoing work is contract. Two Part constructed under the : Tunnel Business Magazine FEBRUARY 2006 TBM: Tunnel Part One of the BWARI project con- project One of the BWARI Part Outfall Also known as the Big Walnut new developments around the around developments new Air Force Airport (former Rickenbacker near current air cargo facility) base and approxi- and accomodate Lockbourne which million gal of storage, mately 37 of reduce the frequency will greatly the In addition, sewage overflows. the required improvements will provide for the City’sdownstream capacity long- plan. term wet weather management 21,400 lf of 168- sists of approximately of which in.-diameter concrete sewer, lf is open-cutapproximately 470 con- 20,930 lf is struction and approximately small-diameter Two tunnel construction. road-crossingto shallow connections by trenchless sewers will be constructed of pre-castmethods. Production concrete segments began in August 2004 and is now complete. The joint venture Systems and Hanson of CSI Tunnel Concrete will continue to supply the segments to the main shaft from Hanson Concrete’s local facility. Two Part Augmentation Sewer (BWOAS), Interceptor project of the Big Walnut consists of approximately 15,850 lf of 144-in. diameter concrete sewer tunnel, plus approximately 5,393 lf of 42 in. Reader Service Number 12 COLUMBUS 30 BWOAS UnderWay buried andareconfidentthat we should been completed. tunnel and340lfofBWOAS tunnelhas entire TBMhasbeenassembled inthe tunnel. AsoftheendJanuary2006, an EPBTBMwithoutthebenefitofatail complexity inherittotheshaftlaunchof mechanical difficulties,aswellthe the launchingofTBMincluding had toovercomesignificantchallengesin installed inSeptember2005.M/Khas August 2005andthefirstringwas for Part Two wasdeliveredtothesitein 70 percentcomplete. began inMay2005andisapproximately Mt. Vernon, Ohio.Thesegmentcasting static mouldsysteminaleasedfacility American SegmentCompanyutilizinga are beingmanufacturedbytheNorth for thetunnelstructure.Thesesegments bination toprovidethestrengthrequired and standardsteelreinforcementincom- design andutilizingbothsteelfibers Two. TheBWOAS segmentsarea“hybrid” being incorporatedintheworkonPart proposed by(M/K) McNally/Kiewit the TBMbylatesummer2005. main sitewaspreparedforthearrivalof The adjacent soilswithjetgrouting. also includedthestabilizationof structed bylargediameterdrillingand Theintermediateshaftswerecon- ing. ing sewerswasstabilizedusingjetgrout- in thezoneofincomingandoutgo- diameter. Thegroundoutsidetheshaft wall panels,themainshaftis38ftin main shaftsite.Constructedusingslurry four intermediateshaftsandsetupofthe tion ofthelaunchshaft,drilling (BWOAS) projectincludedtheconstruc- possibly utilizepilottubemicrotunneling. another 250ft,18-in.crossingthatwill 450 ftof30-in.sewerpipe,aswell future forahand-minedinstallationof Crews willbemobilizedinthenear concretesewer.the finishedone-pass for cleaningandpreppingtheinsideof liner, aswellthemostefficientmeans proving theinstallationmethodfor being carriedoutindevelopingand protection liner. Preliminaryworkisnow placement oftheLinabondcorrosion road crossings andthe small-diameter including theinstallationoftwo work requiredinthePart Onecontract operation, JDMTisplanningthefuture “We havethemachinecompletely The new13.8-ftdiameterLovatTBM An innovativesegmentdesignwas The initialworkonthePart Two While continuingthemining and is TBM: Tunnel BusinessMagazine FEBRUARY2006 tion tothecriticalTBMlaunch. tion wasonholdinordertofocusatten- the summer2005,butworkatloca- dewatering systemwasinstalledduring commence inmid-February 2006.The the gate/dropstructureisexpectedto with morethan1,000ftofpipeinstalled. workhasbeengoingquitewell open-cut utilities ontheoldAirForce base,the of concernsassociatedwithunknown to goodproduction.With theexception the mostlyclaysoilshasbeenconducive 25 ftdeep,butthelackofgroundwaterin rounding area.Thepipeisapproximately station thatservestheairportandsur- required todecommissionapump the 42-in.Hobaspipe,whichwas has beenprogressingontheinstallationof tunnel builttoinstallourswitch.” cumbersome untilwecangetenough emptying themuckboxeswhichwillbe the mainconstraintiscycletimeon said SteveSkelhornofM/K.“Rightnow next coupleofweeks[mid-February],” be infullproductionmodeminingthe Making UpLostTime this sewageplantandconveyance on Part Two (BWOAS),includingthecomplexityinherittoshaftlaunch Crews havehadtoovercomesignificantchallengesinlaunchingtheTBM The massexcavationrequiredfor In additiontotheTBMlaunch,work All fourofthecontractsassociated with of anEPBTBMwithoutthebenefitatailtunnel. manager forH.R.Gray struction isexpectedtofinishintime in theprogramcurrentlyundercon- the secondcontract. would becompletepriortothestartof that muchoftheworkonfirstproject treatment plantsincethedesignassumed second majorconstructioncontractatthe struction resultedinchallengesforthe plant. Thedelayoftheheadworksco headworks constructionatthetreatment tunnel projectanddelayedtheassociated problems forJDMTonthePart One the SciotoRiverinearly2005caused going toconstruction.Amajorfloodof upgrade havefacedchallengessince within theproject’soriginaltimeframe.” make upthelosttimeandbecompleted are inplacetoseethattheprojectcan Proper constructionmanagementtools the contractorsonarecoveryschedule. began tosubside,wewereworkingwith of aproject.Beforethefloodwaters are trainedtoreacttheuncertainties COO ofH.R.Gray. the city, accordingtoGeorgeDaily, satisfy the2008deadlineagreedtoby G l Despite thesetbacks,allofwork “Professional constructionmanagers e n

F r a n k is seniorconstruction Reader Service Number 10 32 ITA World Tunnel Congress 2006 Seoul Conference to Promote “Safety in the Underground Space”

The ITA-AITES World Tunnel Congress & 32nd ITA General Tunnels; Shotcrete Use; Mechanization of Excavation; Assembly will be held in Seoul, Korea, April 22-27, 2006. Underground and Environment; Quality; Long Tunnels at The Korean Tunneling Association and the Organizing Great Depth; Training; Conventional Tunneling; and Urban Committee of ITA WTC 2006 have prepared various pro- Problems: Underground Solutions. grams under the theme of “Safety in the Underground In addition to the activities already addressed by the work- Space,” where four internationally known speakers will ing groups, ITA has added several new issues of importance to deliver keynote lectures. the agenda, including the creation of the ITA Committee on Seoul’s long history made it a perfect fit for the 2006 Operational Safety of Underground Facilities (COSUF). The Congress, chosen to be Korea’s capital city since the Chosun production of the soon-to-be-published WG12 report will be dynasty completed construction on March 30, 1392. The addressed, in addition to the creation of a University Korean Society of Civil Engineers has since designated March 30 Network, the seminar on waterproofing in Sao Paulo (which as “Civil Engineers’ took place in Day.” Organizers are November 2005) sure that all partici- and the creation of pants will enjoy the Master Course experiencing the on mechanized tun- mixture of modern neling by the and traditional fla- University of Torino, vors of Seoul, where with ITA sponsor- diverse traditional ship. cultures and her- “The Congress itages remain well and the General preserved. Assembly is the con- In 2005, the verging point of the program for the ITA whole tunneling Congress in Istanbul community world- gathered more than wide,” added 80 participants, who Berenguier. “People listened to lectures are generally com- from 15 experts ing from more than from all over the 40 different coun- world. For the 2006 The Korean Tunneling Association and 2006 Congress organizers have tries. In this sense, Congress, several prepared programs with four internationally known speakers, who will the types of technical sessions deliver keynote lectures on “Safety in the Underground Space.” exchanges within and five open ses- the tunneling com- sion lectures are planned, arranged to thoroughly discuss top- munity are larger and deeper than in many other congresses. ics related to “Managing Risks in Tunneling.” Moreover, during the meetings of the working groups and task “All technologies related to safety in underground space — forces, everybody is invited to participate, bringing his own during construction and operation — continue to progress and experience and exchanging with others.” to be implemented in all tunnels worldwide,” noted Claude In addition, four post-Congress technical site visits will be Berenguier, ITA secretary general. “Among them are technolo- offered to visitors, including two subways, a rail construction gies protecting infrastructures from fire and those related to and the site of the Seoul Ringway. Diverse technical exhibitions automatic incident detection. There are also studies being and social programs are scheduled during the congress, in addi- completed on automatic fire extinguishing systems and com- tion to an open forum for exchanging new information and munications means to be used in tunnels during normal oper- ideas related to the tunneling industry. A variety of programs ation, as well as during accidents.” planned in this Congress will deepen the friendship amongst At present, ITA 2006 will feature 13 working groups, includ- participants, and various explorations with many cultural attrac- ing Research; Contractual Practices in Underground tions will leave unforgettable memories for all participants. Construction; Health and Safety in Works; Maintenance and For more information on the World Tunnel Congress and Repair of Underground Structure; Immersed and Floating ITA General Assembly, visit www.ita2006.com.

TBM: Tunnel Business Magazine FEBRUARY 2006 33 PROJECTS North American Tunnel Project Update

by Jack Burke

CALIFORNIA tion to completion. Grouting and probing neers: Travis Hartman, Tony Chan, Bakersfield has been continuous, with pre-excavation Superintendent: Eric Smith, Safety: Steve Kern River Powerhouse Rehab grouting being conducted to alleviate the Stier, TBM Operator: Tom Hartman, VP Merco Western Inc. water inflow. Western Operations: Bob Stier. informa- To help the situation in the unstable tion: (916) 665-2002. Tunnel rehabilitation work is continu- ground, TBM machines in both headings ing on Phase I of the Kern River have been modified with new gearboxes, Powerhouse 1 tunnel rehab project. Sacramento with slurry removal and reclamation Forebay reconstruction has started, along Bradshaw 8 Interceptor systems installed. The ground has so many with the tunnel liner replacement and Affholder Inc. fines that they overload the conveyor from repairs. Valves and steel frameworks are The contractor has completed excava- the screw and deposit the fines in a to be delivered in March 2006. The tion on the 10-ft diameter tunnel using a bathtub built below the conveyor. A muck tunnel lining is ongoing, as well as the reconditioned Lovat EPB TBM, with removal slurry pump is used to transfer the new invert at the Forebay portal,sched- holing through taking place in the first part fines and water from the TBM to therecla- uled for completion by April 28, 2006. of November 2005. mation area at the portal where the fines MercoWestern — Clyde Joseph: project Excavation on seven of the nine shafts are removed with a cyclone separator and director; Lock Spenser: project superinten- and manholes is complete with 5 ft to the clean water returned to the TBM. dent; Bogdan Velcu: project engineer; excavate to invert on one and the other Ed Marcus, project manager; Bob Jerry Stark: tunnel superintendent; Renn will be completed at the end of Gordon, assistant project manager; Mike Joseph: forebay superintendent. S.C. December 2005. The entire Hanson Belcher, PA; Stuart Lipofsky, project Edison — project manager: Terry Falleson; 72-in. CRP pipe has been installed and engineer; Renald McInnes, equipment construction inspectors: David Oehley, Pacific International Grouting was superintendent; Ron Walton, superinten- Hank Chavez, John Feeney. scheduled to complete the final 2,000 ft dent east. Walkers East: Bob Leslie and placing the cellular concrete grout by the Danny Sayre; Don Fulmer and Eddie end of December 2005. Los Angeles Meeghan, superintendent west. Walkers Area Manager: Dan Martz, Project man- Eastside Light Rail Transit Project West: Kenny Frego, Jeff Bright, Daniel ager: John Forero, General Superintendent: Traylor/Frontier-Kemper JV Spenser. Office East: Joe Nagy; West: Perry Dreckshage, Project Engineer: Tolga Two Herrenknecht EPBMs were Dana Downs. MWD program manager: Tolgan, Safety: Mike Mickelseeley. Resident delivered to the site in October 2005. Dan Tempelis; resident engineer: John Engineer URS: Tom Martin. Information: The shields and backup are assembled in Townsend. Information: (909) 883-3399. Dan Martz (708) 201-7666, or John Forero the Boyle Station and will be ready for (916) 302-7258. excavation by Feb. 1. Crews completed Sacramento shoring and excavating Boyle Station Lower Northwest Interceptor Shaft in November for turnover to San Diego Affholder Inc. Traylor-Frontier. Tunnel excavation is San Vicente Pipeline The TBM holed through into the scheduled to start in early-February and Traylor/Shea JV receiving shaft on Aug. 23, 2005 and was finish within 12 months. Hayward Baker Fabrication and refurbishment of the disassembled and transported to the North has grouted the break-in and breakout TBMs has begun. Two new open-face Shaft and reassembled for the final drive location for Boyle and Soto Stations. digger shields are being built by under the Sacramento River The entire It has also grouted critical structure areas Construction Tunneling Services (CTS) in mining system of TBM, conveyor mucking along the alignment. It is currently Washington. Crews are proceeding system and all ancillary equipment used grouting cross passages and drilling according to schedule and are expected to on the South drive was installed in the compensation grout holes. be ready for testing by the end of March North Shaft. Pipe installation in the South 2006, with delivery of the first to follow drive has been completed and currently immediately to the central shaft, where it San Bernadino finishing welding of the pipe at which time Arrowhead East and West will mine Reaches 4, 3, and 2. The second Pacific Grouting will start annulus cellular shield will be stored until delivery to the Shea/Kenny J/V grouting and mining commenced on the Slaughterhouse Shaft, after completion of East - Strawberry Portal North Drive. Reaches 5 and 6. It will be set down that The Strawberry tunnel has advanced Once equipment was installed in the shaft and head west to excavate Reach 4E. more thab 10,000-lf as of early December North Shaft, mining was started and the The rock TBM is a used machine being 2005 — approximately 45 percent of TBM holed through into the receiving shaft refurbished by Robbins in Solon, Ohio. It the total drive. Grouting continuously on Dec. 10, 2005. The TBM and mucking was previously used on a project in South primarily from the cutter head support. conveyor system was removed and the America, and has been delivered from West - Waterman Canyon Portal: The steel pipe installation started in January. Bolivia. The machine will mine Reach 6 Waterman portal has advanced to 4,000-lf, Project dfirector; Dan Martz, Project first and then be removed to the West shaft with approximately 22 percent of excava- Manager: Michael Cash, project engi- to mine Reach 1. TBM: Tunnel Business Magazine FEBRUARY 2006 PROJECTS 34 (619) 631-0777,mobile:(858)248-9042. preparation fortherockTBMdelivery. rock support.Upcomingworkwillinclude currently removingthemuckandinstalling andTraylor-Sheausing surfaceblasting, is Theremainderwasremoved blasting. material, withoutrequiringtheuseof of approximately50percenttheportal The gradingworkresultedintheremoval installed andmainofficetrailersinstalled. control measuresplaced,siteaccessroad cleared andgraded,shopinstalled,erosion would beneededuntillateJanuary. conglomerate sectionsoftunnel,and on site,butmostofthiswillbeusedinthe Reach 5excavationequipmenthasarrived in highlyweatheredzones.Specialized have beensupportedbyrockbolts,orribs tunnels sofarhavebeeningraniteand The rockissupportedbybolts. conglomerate with6-in.ribsandshotcrete. 36 ftindiameterandissupportedthe of thetunnelshascommenced.Theshaftis eyes havebeencompleted,andexcavation reached bottom,installationofthetunnel construction. The75-ftshaftexcavation been cleared,gradedandsetupfor project’s criticalpathactivities.Thesitehas Reach 5excavationfromit,arethe property owners/developers. made bytheownerandsurrounding stockpiled onsite,accordingtoagreements shotcrete. Excavatedmaterialhasbeen ellipse, supportedby10-in.steelribsand depth, 75ft.Theshaftisa62ftby30 Shaft excavationhasbeencompletedto subsequently disbursedtotheothersites. delivered here,andsomehavebeen equipment andmaterialshavebeen have beeninstalled.Numerouspiecesof utilities,offices,etc. measures, fencing, has beencompleted.Erosioncontrol tion of300-ftstartertunneltofollow. commence inearlyJanuary, with excava- removed sofar. Shaftexcavationwill thousand yardsofmaterialhavebeen lowering thesitetorequiredgrade.Several excavation ofsurfacematerial,thereby was immediatelyfollowedbythe 2005, mobilizationtositeoccurred,and occupying thesite.InearlyDecember adjacent Contractorhasbeenperiodically occurs atotherlocationsandan on thebackburner. Criticalpathmining excavation, hasbeenuntilrecentlyput the tunnel,andstartingpointforReach1 Development project consistsofa5,848-ft Olivenhain Pipeline Tunnel, Shaft&Site Kiewit Pacific Co. Lake HodgesTunnel Project San Diego Project manager:MikeJatczak.Information: The SanVicente Portal Sitehasbeen The SlaughterhouseShaftSiteandthe Mobilization toCentralShaftSite The West shaft,thewesternterminusof The design-buildLakeHodges to TBM: Tunnel BusinessMagazine FEBRUARY2006 connecting tunnel excavationiscomplete toACC. The Hailey asasub-contractor Pump StationisbeingperformedbyW.L. excavation isunderway. Work onthe being excavated.TheNorthAvenue Shaft complete andtheDeaerationchamber is lf. TheClearCreekshaft excavationis Avenue Tunnel TBMhasexcavated1,300 TBM hadexcavated1,000lfandtheNorth Mundis. Information:(404)352-0701. Steve Holtermann,chiefinspector:Dave engineer: DonEinarson;project manager: MikeRobison;resident Jones &Golding:inc.residentconstruction superintendent: DanMcnally. Jordan Russ Pollard, StuartSullivan;concrete Waddell, RajMagam,Yoshi Sawamoto, tunnel engineers:Luke Everhart,Lance Dempsey; officemanager:DaveWillard; assistant projectsuperintendent:John Zara; projectsuperintendent:JeffEarly; engineer: ShuMino;officeCarlo project manager:JamieBonner; Ade Abon;NancyCreekConstructors- intake structurestothetunnel. sewer flowwasdivertedfromtheeight was achievedonDec.31,2005when Atlanta CSOConstructors Pumping Station West StorageTunnel AreaCSO and Atlanta Nancy CreekConstructors Nancy CreekTunnel Atlanta GEORGIA Information: (760)466-1080. manager; Luis Piek, designengineer. Personnel (Parsons): JonKaneshiro,project Friedman, electricalsuperintendent. Andersen, equipmentsuperintendent;Lee Millsaps, tunnelsuperintendent;Larry Shough, tunnelsuperintendent;Curt Jarrett Carlson,projectengineer;Mike manager; SeanMenge,project completed 1,750lfofthe5,848to-date. currently workingthreeshiftsandhave The tunnelexcavationoperationsare excavation startedinSeptember2005. support havebeencompleted.Thetunnel development andportalexcavation July 2005.Alloperationsrelatingtothesite aspects werecompletedto100percentin liner andplacementofcellulargrout. shaft, Installationof10-ftdiametersteel project scopeconsistsof195-VF raisebore by DrillandShootmethods.Additional Excavation ofthetunnelwillbecompleted structed fortheSanDiegoWater Authority. tunnelcon- 12-ft,horseshoe-shaped long, As ofJan.3,theClearCreekTunnel Construction manager-CityofAtlanta: Substantial completionoftheproject Personnel (Kiewit):RayBacken,area The tunnel,shaftandportaldesign Donald Ackerman(615)255-3161. engineer: DunstanCampbell.Information: Todd andDuwayneCorey. MMEproject engineer: AshleyQuinn,foremen:Larry Sid HaneyandDavidChambers,project dent: MikeRast,tunnelsuperintendents: project manager:BillHaworth,superinten- is locatedinhistoricWashington Park. and MaterialsEngineers(MME)Theproject toMetals concrete pipeasasub-contractor 300 lfof120-in.diameterreinforced diameter hand-minedtunnelandrelocate W.L.Hailey willinstall1,200lfof72-in. ed fortheCityofAtlantaisunderway. the surface,all of thesoftgroundshafts connections areexcavated andconcretedto including theboots,exitconduits and tunnel of RCPsewers,all10thedrop shafts chamber. JayDeehascompleted 29,197lf concreting ofthelowerair separation tunnel withconcreteliningin place and the ventshaft,2,030lfofdrill-and-shoot concrete liningoftheconstructionshaftand tion andconcreteliningofthetunnels, Affholder hadcompletedallTBMexcava- Superintendent: Frank Jones. Mobilization startedinJanuary2006. pipe “floated”whilebackfillingthetunnel. Indian CreekSewerProject.Portions ofthe installed byModernContinentalonthe grade problemswiththesewerpipeline andcorrect remedial worktore-mine W.L.Hailey &Co.Inc. Greensferry SewerSeparationProject Atlanta Affholder/Jay Dee Calumet Leg TARP-Calumet Tunnel System,Little Chicago ILLINOIS Corp. Bradshaw Construction Indian CreekSewerProject Atlanta Divito. Information:(404)352-0701. Don Einarson;ProjectEngineer:Randy Manager: MikeRobison;ResidentEngineer: JDH JointVenture: ResidentConstruction Stremcha; ProjectSuperintendent:JeffEarly. Kobayashi; Tunnel Engineer:Adam Engineer: RayHutton;OfficeT.J. Project Manager:DarrellLiebno; Project Manager:Taro Nonaka;Assistant Ken Johnston;AtlantaCSOConstructors: North Avenue andTanyard. for thediversionstructuresatClearCreek, excavated 550lf. Surfaceworkisongoing and theoverflowtunnelhasbeen Civil operationsmanager:RandyWiek, The GreensferryProjectbeingconstruct- Through theendofSeptember2005, Project Manager:DavidWanhatalo, Bradshaw hasbeenawardedthe Construction Manager-CityofAtlanta: PROJECTS 35 Personnel Kiewit Construction Co. Construction Kiewit Personnel Weehawken Tunnel is approaching Tunnel Weehawken sessions are being conducted on Training Sambrato, Project director: Vinny The TBM “daylighted” Dec. 15, 2005, The TBM “daylighted” Project manager: Jim Nickerson, superintendent: Paul Madsen, Project Madsen, Paul superintendent: field Ricardo Garcia, tunnel engineer: (713) James Coit. Information: engineer: 297-2755. MISSOURI St. Louis Baumgartner Tunnel Nash JV Frontier-Kemper/Gunther NEW JERSEY Weehawken Tunnel/ Weehawken Bergenline Ave. Station JV Frontier-Kemper/Shea/BUM completion. Almost all electrical and mechanical systems have been tested. The SCADA system is approaching completion. SCADA will be the brains of the light rail station. This system will control many of the fire life safety items, and communicate with the overall Hudson-Bergen Light Rail system SCADA which controls systemwide train operations, signals and commu- nication. The three elevators have been installed and are in the final test phase. the various systems, equipment and components. The elevators will bring the commuters down to the station platform where they can board the Hudson Bergen Granite flooring has been Light Rail Trains. installed on the platform and the platform finish work is nearing completion. One of the last items at the platform level to complete is the installation of the ceiling panels. The race is on above ground at the plaza to complete the surface work. Concrete base slabs and architectural finishes are almost complete. Site work is moving along as fast as possible. The winter weather has not helped progress. Granite pavers installation at the plaza level will start as soon as the concrete slabs are fin- will be running through the ished. Trains station by Jan. 27 for integrated system operational testing, and revenue service is pending scheduled to start by February completion of all fire and life safety items. project manager: Leon Jacobs, general and was dismantled and removed from the and was dismantled and with the support receiving shaft — along Tunnel December. equipment — in late in late January and cleanup was completed carrier pipe installation of the reinforced 2006. Cast-in-place started in February chambers concrete work at the Deaeration surface work will is being completed and of the project with continue to the end scheduled completion May. Information: (314) 293-0058 or (314) 261-2611. Ted Budd: tunnel division manager; Bob Ted This project for the Christman Co. The Lovat soft ground TBM has Project Project manager: David Stacey, Crews completed the drill and shoot Crews completed the Co. Construction Doug Heinz, Kenny of Engineers is in the final stages of final stages in the is of Engineers below ground of the All completion. work has been completed. concrete and ground mechanical The below testing is going through final electrical work piping is list items. The shaft and punch at the the control building complete and an early construction with surface is under summer completion anticipated. manager; Paul Rautenberg: project Jack Finn: Lauricella: safety manager; Heinz: project superintendent; Doug Information: (847) 541-8200. sponsor. MICHIGAN Grand Rapids Christman Co. Tunnel Kiewit Construction Co. INDIANA Griffith Cady Marsh Drainage Ditch Tunnel Construction Dee /Kenny JV Jay Hodgkins Tunnels MWRD McCook Haul Kenny Construction Company consists of 100 lf of 19 ft by 18 ft NATM tunnel excavated in clean sands under Michigan Street in Grand Rapids, Mich. Drilling for chemical grouting program is under way; this work is being performed by subcontractor Nicholson Construction, Pa. Pittsburgh, advanced to the retrieval shaft and crews are cutting the lining for entry and removal of the machine. Setting up concrete lining operations for the reinforced concrete lining and dewatering the last section. Anticipate concrete operations completion by April 2006 and structure work and outlet conduit wrap up in June 2006. Engineer: Jason Cade, General Quality Superintendent: Jerry Pardon, Control Manager: Steve Jensen. Information: (708) 473-5473. haul tunnels in early December 2005. The haul tunnels in early December paving of the 2,100 lf long tunnels was completed the second week of January. Crews are demobilizing from the haul tunnels and moving to a follow-up project Materials that includes and for Vulcan access decline to the newly completed tunnel and development of a starter pi for future quarry development. Budd, tunnel Ted project sponsor. division manager; Bob Rautenberg, Project safety manager; Lauricella, Manager; Paul superintendent. Information: Jack Finn, (847) 541-8200. : Tunnel Business Magazine FEBRUARY 2006 TBM: Tunnel Greg Hauser: project manager for the joint Greg Hauser: project manager Work continues on the microtunnel EPB continues on Work The $60 Million C.U.P. project being The $60 Million C.U.P. The 320-VF valve access shaft has The 320-VF The overburden of the access shaft Budd: tunnel division manager; Ted Hodgkins McCook Reservoir C.U.P. Kenny Construction Calumet Tunnel System Calumet Tunnel Pump Station, TARP Isolation Chamber Valve Kenny Construction Co. excavation for a 42-in. RCP sewer, the clean for a 42-in. RCP sewer, excavation sites and of the surface up and restoration Indiana to the Existing the connection to the Indiana The final connection Tunnel. by December was to be completed Tunnel the existing sewers 2005, so flows from into the new sys- could begin being diverted is for spring 2006. tem. Contract completion project Jim Foley: venture and Jay Dee; senior safety engineer; Brian Christ: JV and Jay Dee; superintendent for the for the JV and Renee Halley: office manager soft ground Jay Dee ; Louie Shapiro: rock McMahon: superintendent; Tom Kruszewski and Greg superintendent; Jack James Affholder, For Slusher: field engineers. is Len Postregna Byrd is area manager; project manager; Ben Gasik is project engi- is project superintendent; Beesley neer; Terry Milan Jovanovich is tunnel superintendent; Harry Gajan is concrete superintendent; Lisa Setser is office manager; Jim Eichberger is purchasing agent; field engineer is Narcizo Garcia; Darrell Grimes is safety superintendent. Information: (708) 201 7166. are excavated and all but five have been five have all but and are excavated backfilled. structures and the completed built by Kenny Construction for the Corps built by Kenny advanced to grade and drilling and shoot- ing of the first phase of the chamber has been completed. The overburden and drill Room Pump shoot excavation of the West Access Shaft and access-way has been completed. The lining of the access-way and the shaft will start after the completion shaft concrete Access of the Valve tunnel is scheduled to to the existing TARP start in late January 2006. This will be followed by the lining of the shaft and flow to one diversion of the existing TARP side of the bifurcation so the new valves and flumes can be installed in the vacated side and encased. Concurrent with this operation will be the required demolition of the inactive pump room followed by the pumps. Crews installation of the new TARP will also be working in the existing wet well in preparation for its division. Mike Surman: project manager; Christian Heinz, project engineer; Jess Rhynes, Dumas, safety manag- superintendent; Ken Calin; cost and schedule er; and Luminita (847) 541-8200. Information: manager. PROJECTS 36 business manager. general superintendent,Tony Marshall, Stevens projectengineer, BrianReilly, Kerem Acarisprojectmanager:Jason chief engineerforGraniteNortheast, moved backtotheregionalofficeas scheduled for2007. has alreadybegunwithprojectcompletion Construction ofthenewventilationfacility Granite Construction Northeast Granite Construction Amtrak Ventilation ShaftReconstruction. Long IslandCity NEW YORK 866-6800. John Mackintosh.Information:(201) J.F. Shea.Manager, Washington Group: Rosteck ontemporaryassignmentfor ager: RayCrane.JimMarquardtand Procurementman- er: ChuckHoeltling, Dorfman, JayStone.Equipmentmanag- Fetters. PlazaSuperintendent:Dave Blood, Profit.Leadfieldengineer:Bill Deel, BobbyBriggs,LeroyJenkins,Dale dent: MikeKruz,walkingboss:Rick engineer: Paul Dixit,tunnelsuperinten- superintendent: EdVanDerPas, project Project manager:StevePricehasbeen Shaft demolitionisnearlycomplete. Reader ServiceNumber 14 TBM: Tunnel BusinessMagazine FEBRUARY2006 the existingdrainagesystem. Drill and rock reinforcementandimprovement of Canadian Pacific Railway(591and433 lf), of twoexistingrailroadtunnels for management. Information:(212)564-8552. Jenny Engineering/URSforconstruction Jennings. DMJM+Harrissubcontractorto ager: JeffSalai,shaftsuperintendent:Mike tendent: DaleEstus,shaftconstructionman- engineer: FlorentinoSison;generalsuperin- ject manager:AnthonyDelVescovo; project distribution chambers. ventional drillandblastexcavationofthe whichwillbefollowedbycon- ongoing, of excavationforShafts24Band32Bis prepared fortheraisebore.Thesupport completed bydrillingandblasting (70 ftby7030VF)forshaft25Bwas have beensetup. of theshafts.Atotaleightshaftssites andtheslashing rock fromtheraise-bores mucking outinthesouthtunnelall blast operationsatShaft24B. Currently for raiseboreoperation,startingdrill 25B iscompleteandcurrentlysettingup be linedtoafinishdiameterof10ft. begun. Thebottompartsoftheshaftswill excavation ofshafts30Band28Bhasjust in Shafts30Band28Btheoverburden Raiseboreshavebeencompleted lining. the 14-ftand11-ft,6-in.diameterfinished slashed outandliningpoured,followedby shafts. Thenextdiameter(22ftFD)willbe largest diameterof26ftinthesetwo Concreting startedinJanuary2006forthe 12 ft,6in.diameterto34-ftdiameter. is ongoingtooversizetheuppershaftfrom operations bydrillingandblastingmethod through thefrozengroundandslashing Shafts 27Band31Bhavebeenexcavated to rockwhichrangesfrom60110ft. Moretrench Americaforgroundsupport by has beenfrozenunderasub-contract raise bored430VFeach.Theoverburden shafts ontheSouthernportionhavebeen been completedatsevenlocations.Four Site preparationandmobilizationhas concrete liningnineshafts,550VFeach. project, J.F. SheaCo.isexcavatingand ous contract.MiningcommencedJan.3. excavation wascompletedunderaprevi- of theeasttunneldrive.South tunnel tocompletetheremaining13,035lf out andassembledintheeaststarter in September2005andtheTBMbacked CPR Tunnel ClearanceProject Ticonderoga &Willsboro Schiavone/Frontier-Kemper/Shea JV Water Tunnel #3Stage2 New York This projectinvolvedtheenlargement Schiavone vicepresident:Tom pro- King, The distributionchamberexcavation Drilling andblastingoftheaditatShaft As partofthe$658millionjointventure North Tunnel excavationwascompleted Jerry Morrow. Richardson; RockdaleSuperintendent: professional manner. their waythroughtheseproblemsina engineer andownerarecurrentlyworking which hasslowedprogress.Thecontractor, tunnel excavationshaveencounteredrock project wasdesignedbyCDM.Shaftand contractor isRockdalePipeline Inc.andthe II)Thegeneral Creek ReliefSewers-Contract Mecklenburg UtilitiesDepartment(Irwin program commissionedbytheCharlotte- associated withthesewerimprovement constructing multipleshaftsandtunnels Jones. Information:(401)461-4466. Eisold, Bradshawsuperintendent: Franks Khuenel; Bradshawprojectmanager: Eric Haverstraw, Thallesuperintendent:Eric the pipelines. BCC successfullyinstalledandbackfilled pipelines throughrockandmixedgeology. the BCCfor60-and66-in.Hobas shafts andtunnelswereconstructedfor bottom whilesupportingtheroof. Multiple face conditionsrequiringblastingthe advance thetunnelthroughmixed ribs andwoodlaggingwereusedto hand-mining techniquesusing96-in.steel the tunnel.TheTBMwasremovedand posed rockwasencounteredintheroofof the startertunnel,completelydecom- After tunneling23ftfromtheendof started usingan83-in.JarvarockTBM. The280-lfoftunnelwas I-85 andUS-29. Construction. DMP. ThegeneralcontractorisThalle City ofHighPoint. Theengineeris N.C. Theprojectisbeingfinancedbythe for asewerprojectinHighPoint, finishing constructiononthelasttunnel Bradshaw Construction Corp. Bradshaw Construction Irwin CreekReliefSewersContractII Charlotte NORTH CAROLINA Bradshaw Construction Corp. Bradshaw Construction Deep RiverOutfallProject,Segment2 High Point Ken Quintana.Information:(402)681-9394. Todd Cummings,GeneralSuperintendent: Kiewit Construction,JobSuperintendent: Engineering Manager:RichBuck;Contractor: 2005 andcompletedNov. 18,2005. window withlimitedaccess. track performed duringafive-hour scalingmuckinghadtobe blasting, existing tunnelsfrom1to3ft.Drilling, shoot excavationwasusedtoheightenthe Rockdale projectmanager:Ken Bradshaw ConstructionCorp.iscurrently Thalle projectmanager: Chris The lasttunnelcrossesunderBusiness Bradshaw ConstructionCorpis Engineer: HatchMottMacdonald, The projectwasstartedonJune28, PROJECTS 37 At the Dulles West APM Project the At the Dulles West Bradshaw Construction is currently Project manager: Eric Eisold, superinten- The main Spine Tunne,l 26 ft in Spine Tunne,l The main continues. A 12-ft Progress on the adits On the surface, the top muck Project director: Mike Shank; general VIRGINIA Chantilly APM Dulles West Clark/Shea JV SOUTH CAROLINA Rock Hill Sumter Avenue Storm Drain Project Bradshaw Construction Corp. RHODE ISLAND RHODE Providence CSO Project Deep Tunnel Co. Inc. M.L. Shank NATM tunnels continue their mining NATM progress, with approximately 450 lf of top heading remaining at the beginning of December 2005. Hole through of the preparing to start tunneling under a rail- road to install an 84-in. storm drain as part Storm Drain project of the Sumter Avenue commissioned by the City of Rock Hill and designed by Armstrong Glen. The general contractor is Garawco Inc. The final lining is reinforced pneumatically applied concrete on steel liner-plate/casing. dent: Jerry Simon. diameter and 16,215 lf long,diameter and was turned holed 2004 and the TBM under in March 1, Shaft on Dec. through into the Foundry came within 1 in. 2005. The breakthrough the three miles of of line and grade for the TBM started tunnel. Removal of components being immediately with all foundry shaft. removed through the and 8 ft, 9 in. has horseshoe 70-ft long 800-ft long,been completed. The 12-ft and lining is com- horseshoe excavation of 1,800 lf with pleted, as is the excavation Excavations 50 percent of the concrete. was complet- and the last pour of concrete ed Aug. a 200-lf excavation and 23 and concrete has been completed. The 800-lf five has 120 lf left to mine, with concrete excavation The 695-lf operations to follow. and concrete have been completed stacker and belt have been removed. The vertical shaft conveyor has been removed. Currently erecting the concrete batch plant at the main working shaft and expect to start full concrete lining in the shaft operations using Everest Forms and tunnel early 2006. manager: Gerry Stokes; project manager: Steve Minassian; chief engineer: Dave Girard; field engineer: Scott Shylanski; tunnel superintendent: Curtis Bahten; QC superintendent: Jim manager: Nick Torello; safety: Eric Jim Hinashian; Mulkey; P.A.: Stalman. Information: (401) 941-1495. All tunneling and microtunneling is The final ground level deck in the Project director: Giuseppe Quarta; With completion of the shaft the Lovat completion With a total of 20 rings As of mid-December Project sponsor: Larry Lenahan; project David Chapman and Glen Frank; Jay Frank; and Glen Chapman David DiPonio, Michael JV: Dee/Michels/Traylor project Jeremy Theys, project manager; superin- project Awald, Tim engineer and (614) 491-9551. tendent. Information: OREGON Portland Shafts, Side CSO Tunnel, West Pump Station & Pipelines Impregilo/S.A. Healy JV Columbus BWOAS McNally/Kiewit JV complete, while shaft build-out, drop structures and tunnel tie-ins at the various The Clay Street shaft shafts are underway. is essentially complete and Upshur Shaft build-out is progressing. on the Work Ankeny Shaft build-out and the Ankeny as is the Diversion Structure is underway, Nicolai Shaft and Diversion Structure. pump station has been placed and surface access rooms are under construction. Mechanical and electrical work is in progress. The operations and maintenance building adjacent to the pump station is structurally complete. Construction of a 115-KV substation has begun. manager: Jim McDonald; construction manager: Renzo Ceccato; deputy construction manager: Brad Bush; chief engineer: Jim Kabat; tunnel superinten- Violo; Valerio dents: Mickey Aliff, microtunnel superintendent: Red Blanchette; shaft superintendents: Bill Kiehl and Gary Svicarovich; safety manager: Boodie Hurd; City of Portland Gribbon; Jacobs program manager: Paul Associates construction managers: Greg Information: Colzani and Craig Kolell. (503) 595-4400. TBM was assembled in the shaft area, TBM was assembled work with all the with no tail tunnel to be assembled in components had to and some suspended sections on the surface was made for their in the shaft while room as they turned under assembly to the TBM initial mining and with the cutterhead, and started. shakedown of the machine Modifications to the have been installed. Lovat TBM have been completed and mining operations are ready to commence to allow for completion of assembly of the trailing gear and start of full mining operations. The open-cut work is proceeding as planned. manager: Steve Skelhorn; project operations Szaraz; project engineer: manager: Tom Gary Bulla; project superintendent: Richard Boutelle. Information: (614) 491-2800. : Tunnel Business Magazine FEBRUARY 2006 TBM: Tunnel Installation of the California Switch in the Creek Crossing subcontrac- Big Walnut City of Columbus, division of sewerage The excavation has advanced to station Project manager: Robert J. Kassouf; Project manager: Robert J. The 10,700 lf of tunnel being construct- The 10,700 lf of tunnel Mining of the main tunnel continues. Mining of Kassouf, J. Project manager: Robert Columbus BWARI JV Jay Dee/Michels/Traylor Cleveland T230 (KM&M) Tuxedo KM&M JV OHIO Cleveland Contract 3 Mill Creek JV KM&M&K Ring No. 1968 station 108+78.68. Crews have mined 9,962 lf to date (starting face station was 9+16.48) and are currently 47 percent complete with the tunnel drive. All jet-grouting has been completed, in addition to all of the drilled access and drop shafts at Manhole Nos. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7. Crews are currently water blasting the connections to the tunnel from the shafts as they pass in order to move up the connections have tunnel ventilation. Tunnel been made at S/M Nos. 2, 3 and 4. tunnel has just been completed, adding an extra train to the mucking sequence when Hand mining operations will it is necessary. to construct a 500 lf 4-ft by start in February 4-ft tunnel for installation of a 36-in. sanitary sewer connection to Manhole No. 7. tor George Igel Co. has diverted the river excavated the creek bottom and flow, installed the concrete cap. The tunnel passed under the river with no difficulty. The site has been restored and seeded. Progress on the job is going well, on schedule and crews have not experienced any major problems. and drainage: Gary Gilbert, civil engineer; City of Columbus, division of sewerage and Arsh, sewer system engi- drainage: Tanya neering manager; URS Corp., designer: Richardson; HR Douglas Uhren and Tom management: Robert construction Gray, Gary Bulla and James Joyce; Mgr., Scott, Sr. Lachel & Assoc., geotechnical design: ed for the Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer ed for the Northeast and installa- District has been excavated tion of the carrier pipe has been completed. Shaft construction is under way. project superintendent: Ralph Dodero. Information: (216) 651-3333. Approximately 13,000 lf of the tunnel has 13,000 lf of the Approximately remaining. and with 2,000 lf been mined is complete. Shaft Shaft 9A construction nearing completion 12A construction is is to start soon. and Shaft 12 construction Ralph Dodero. Project Superintendent: Information: (216) 651-3333. PROJECTS 38 John Hammer;chieffieldengineer: Rob superintendent: DonMagyar; Walker: superintendent: Kelvin Sampson;electrical superintendent: LarryRigsby; equipment Munzer. Information:(703)572-5757. resident engineers:DominicCerulli,Rick Parsons ManagementConsultants NATM projectengineer: BrianChandlee. tunnel superintendent:J.D. Martin, superintendent: Pete Zagorin,NATM AdamRosmarin,general Wymelenberg, Chase, projectengineers:Rick project managers:CurtAllen,Peter sidewalk superintendents. add anewmeaningtothelabelof spans theTier 1Station.Theseobservers the workwhenstandingonbridgethat at Dullesgettheopportunitytoobserve December 2005. other wastohavebeenerectedin TBMs areonsite,oneminingandthe anticipated tobeinlateJanuary. Both the TBMholesthruintoStation, slabpouredbefore the TBMdrag-thru under way;thecrewsareracingtohave Preparation ofthemudslabworkis has reachedsubgradeinseveralareas. winter. TheTier 1EastStationexcavation up outofthewetsiltstonejustintimefor operation ispouringtrackslabs,getting concrete operationstostaffup. three workzones,allowingstructural property. Subgradehasbeenreachedin APM boxesalongthe8,500lfofairport trenchforthe excavate thecut-and-cover mechanical fitout. stations, includingarchitecturaland construction oftwo400-lfunderground boxstructures,and APM cut-and-cover Palmdale, Calif. Includedis7,000lfof the jointventureofTraylor/Sea/Ghazi, and thesegmentswillbecastlocallyby TBM boredtunnelwithsegmentsupport NATM 4,500ftof tunnels427ftlong, under way. Theprojectwillconsist of twin to thejointventureandmobilizationis the automatedpeoplemoverwasawarded Atkinson-Clark-Shea J/V Dulles EastAPM Chantilly month fordifficultweather. shifts intogearinFebruary, typicallya This progressmeanstheconcreteoperation bottoming outexpectedinlateJanuary. the MainTerminal alsocontinues,with the sametime. Southtunnelsisexpected at the dead-end 2006 andcompletionoftheexcavation North tunnelwasexpectedinlateJanuary Project manager:MarkRybak; general Project sponsor:AllanSylvester, Passengers usingtheAandBConcourse The Tier 3EastStationconcrete The EastAPMprojectcontinuesto The $230millionEastTunnel projectfor The cut-and-cover excavationnext to The cut-and-cover TBM: Tunnel BusinessMagazine FEBRUARY2006 Information: (202)345-1087. White, officemanager:BerthaSampson. Information: (206)262-0665 tural superintendent,Russell Nash. structural manager;DarrelDobson,struc- Kudo, EPBtunnelengineer; BobClucas, Sawamoto, equipmentmanager;Tomo Satoshi Akai,SEMengineer;Yoshi Duke Wilhite, surfacesuperintendent; tendent; RobStark,equipmentmanager; business manager;JimHyatt,shaftsuperin- Billy Hahn,safetymanager;JonKirk, engineer; GreggOlsen,project SEM manager;NickGaravelli,TBMproject Redmond, tunnelmanager;RohitShetty, Masaki Omote,projectmanager;Steve engineer. ObayashiJobSitePersonnel: engineer; andRogerSmith,construction tunnel projectengineer;RickCapka,office station projectengineer;ClementWiggins, Critchfield, residentengineer;ZephVarley, concrete trackwaysections. complete andworkhasstartedonthe began Sept.1,2005.Thedrilledpiersare complete. Work ontheaerialsection segment productionis7percent to startminingmidJanuary. Pre-cast Mitsubishi EPB-TBM wasscheduled work isnearingcompletion.The6.5-m mid-January. EastPortal development ancillary shaft/headhousewillbeginby tunnels iscomplete.Excavationofthe has begun.Jetgroutingovertheplatform excavation ofthelowerfoursidedrifts Concourse CrossAditsarecompleteand is down180ft;topfourdriftsofthe shaft/headhouse excavationwithtiebacks Information: (703)661-8770. superintendent: BhaskarBhavsar: superintendent: JohnMulley, concrete tunnel engineer:Paul Madsen,equipment general superintendent:JoeCagenelli, spring 2006. Expected projectcompletioninearly mechanical/electrical intheventstructure. Construction (Sponsor)/J.F. SheaCo.and Project tothejointventure of Kenny Obayashi Corp. Beacon HillTunnel Seattle WASHINGTON Co. Kiewit Construction Dulles West UtilityTunnel Chantilly Kenny/J.F. Shea/Traylor JV East Contract Brightwater ConveyanceSystem - Bothell Sound Transit jobsitepersonnel:John As ofDec.31,2005,themain Underground sponsor:DaveRogers, Finalizing structuralconcreteand King CountyawardedtheBrightwater construction.com. nyconstruction.com, [email protected], acooney@ken- Information: (847)541-8838,E-mail:ted- Parkway, IL60090. Wheeling, Kenny ConstructionCo.,250Northgate inquiries canbedirectedtoTed Buddat to newtreatmentplantpiping. 40 ftwideand140longforconnection tunnels; oneextractionshaft40ftdeepx short 12ftindiameterconnector walls, tremieslabandfinallining;two cells, with160ftdeepslurrydiaphragm 83 ftdeep,twin84insidediameter lining; oneinfluentpumpstationshell tremie slabandfinalconcretewall 130 ftdeepslurrydiaphragmwalls, is 74ftdeepand80indiameterwith intercepting structuretominefromthat three shaftsincludingstructures;one in diametermicrotunnelincluding of fiberopticcable;2,430ft72-in. inside thetunnel,alongwiththreeruns 66-, 27-and84-in.diameterpipes and grouting14,200fteachof48-, segments foraprimaryliner;installing bolted, gasketedprecastconcrete TBM minedtunnelusing16ft,8in.ID elements: 14,050ftof18ft,10in.EPB Contract consistsofthefollowingmajor the BrightwaterSystem.TheEast scheduled byKingCountytocomplete in bothKingandSnohomishcounties. The projectlocatedinBothell,Wash., is 28,2009. uled completiondateisAug. Jan. 30NoticetoProceed.Thesched- will getunderwayinFebruary, afterthe Coluccio, JV. The$130.9millionproject protest bythesecondbidder, Jay-Dee/ Traylor, onDec.29,2005,afteralengthy This willbefollowedbythedock wallsteel the IntakeChannelhasbeencompleted. forces inMilwaukee. currently beingrebuiltbythejoint venture the 27-ft,4-in.TBM.Themachine is erection chamberwillbeexcavated for complete the200-ftdeepshaftwhere excavationto by thedrill-and-shoot 80-ft ofoverburden.Thiswillbefollowed way withalateJanuarycompletionofthe the firstofthreelandbasedshaftsisunder a 32-ftIDcaissonmethodtotherockfor ing two.Theoverburdenexcavationusing followed bythecompletionofremain- include thecompletionoffirsttwo drilled intakeshafts.The2006seasonwill season workonthefirsttwooffour Kenny Construction Co. Kenny Construction Cooling Water IntakeSystem Elm RoadGeneratingPlant Milwaukee WISCONSIN Until asiteofficeisset-upinBothell, It isthefirstofmajorprojects The firstseasondredgingoperation in Marine crewscompletedthe2005 jmkennedy@kenny- — PROJECTS 39 Reader Service Number 16 The TBM drives will be approximately The TBM Regional District Greater Vancouver Morrison, senior project GVRD-Tom 19-in. cutters. Mucking will be by will be Mucking cutters. 19-in. shaft capacity high and locomotive Bilfinger an integrated buckets, utilizing design. Berger system elevation and down drive to 7,130 m long to the to Capilano, adjacent -150 asi the newly Dam and underneath Cleveland 4-m Two pump station. constructed raise-bore Capilano holes will connect the to the surface and shaft bottom chamber will be installed in 3-m ID steel pipe liner excavations selected areas of the engineers. (GVRD) provides supervising Liaicon & Pacific Project manager is subsidiary of SNC Associates Inc., a manage- Lavalin, design and construction Mott MacDonald ment engineer is Hatch is Bilfinger and the tunnel contractor (BBC) Berger (Canada) Inc. engineer tunnels; Doug Neden, manager Engineering, Goran Treatment Water PLA - Andy Oljaca- Senior Engineer. Jeff Saltis- Area manager Tunnels, Gardner - Brian Spruston- PM for SCFP, Project Director & VP Project Services. RE, Joe Rotzien-ARE HMM Dean Brox- (geology-Golder as sub to HMM-Grant Bonin). BBC- Christian Genschel-PM, Joseph Messner-CM. Information: Andy Saltis (604) 982-3197. The (SCFP) comprising the construc- The (SCFP) was excavated The Seymour Shaft collar Drill-and-blast operations to excavate CANADA BRITISH COLUMBIA North Vancouver Filtration Project Seymour-Capilano (Canada) Inc. Bilfinger Berger tion of water filtration, transmission and filtration, transmission tion of water is North Vancouver pumping facilities in The Seymour-Capilano well under way. portion of the work Tunnels Twin fall 2004, with commenced in the equipment the contractor mobilizing and personnel. 2004 and the and poured in December glacial deposits shaft sinking in dense 2005 from an commenced in January m asi. A elevation of 179.8 sloping encountered (as bedrock contact was from the surface. expected) at 27m depth Drill-and-blast excavation continued in meta-volcanics and grano-diorites for a further 142 m. The bottom of the 11-m ID shotcrete and rockbolt supported shaft, at 11, elevation 0m asi, was reached on Nov. 2005 without a serious accident. the shaft bottom chambers required to install and launch the two Robbins 14, 2005, TBMs commenced on Nov. and are expected to continue through 2006. The two new 3.88-m February diameter Robbins machines will sport : Tunnel Business Magazine FEBRUARY 2006 TBM: Tunnel Fax: 360-668-5224 Fax: Phone: 360-668-6841 Snohomish, WA 98296 Snohomish, WA Toll Free: 888-883-1374 Free: Toll 14529 Broadway Ave SE 14529 Broadway Ave www.westshareservices.com in the Pacific Northwest in the Pacific WESTSHARE SERVICES INC. Operators, Welding Inspectors etc. Operators, Welding To learn more, please contact us: To tunnel boring machines (TBMs), segment erectors, Long Term Positions Available Available Positions Long Term with a background in tunneling (mining), particularly We are looking for the following construction personnel We personnel familiar with handling and working with heavy for a tunneling project in Oregon: Inspectors, for a tunneling project in Oregon: and specialized construction equipment such as shielded Ted Budd: tunnel division manager; tunnel division Budd: Ted Jay Dee has subcontracted the pipe jacking The project is being demobilized with The project is being Safety Personnel, Project Managers, Schedulers, Project Managers, Safety Personnel, The following construction personnel are needed The following construction personnel locomotives, shovels, or grouting equipment etc. underground. Rosemont Empire III Ames Construction, Jay-Dee Sub Milwaukee Sewer Northwest Side Relief Shea/Kenny JV sheeting cofferdam placement followed by followed placement cofferdam sheeting shaft. land based deep the second Jon project manager; McDermott: Paul Austin project engineer; Isaacson: sponsor. home office Cooney: (847) 541-8200. Information: of 3,400 lf of 78-in. ID Hanson heavy wall reinforced concrete pipe. Currently setting up on the site and mobilizing equipment. Empire II has been bid and Ames is low bidder with Jay-Dee to do the jacking of 4-5,000 lf of 66-in. Hanson Heavy wall RCP in three runs: one 3,400 lf two runs of 600 lf each. Information: Glen Rorison (734) 591-3400. final punch list work being completed. final punch list work project late February Anticipate closing the Marten (Dutch) 2006. Project manager: Engineer: Carl Vliegenthart, Project Mechanic: Keith Christianson, Master Office manager: Bonnie Walters, 414-258-2510 Senkowski. Information: Reader Service Number 15 40 Business Cards BUSINESS CARDS/AD INDEX

Circle Reader Service # 50 Circle Reader Service # 51 CLASSIFIEDS

Berkeley Engineering Hands-On Project Manager wanted for small ($1.4M) tunneling project at Lake Casitas between Ojai and Carpinteria, CA. Engineering background, several years experience, and a strong interest in tunneling preferred. Top pay for technically sharp engineer with high energy and a hands-on style. If interested please send resume to: Fax: 510-647-5000 e-mail: [email protected] Circle Reader Service # 52

ADVERTISERS’ INDEX

Advertiser ...... PG . . .RS Advertiser ...... PG . . .RS

Akkerman Inc...... 19 . . . .8 NAT 2006 ...... 21 . . . .9

Antraquip Corp...... 17 . . . .7 No-Dig ...... 43 . . .17

Bradshaw ...... 39 . . .16 Parsons Brinckerhoff ...... 5 . . . .2

Cellular Concrete ...... 15 . . . .6 Raisebor ...... 36 . . .14

ChemGrout ...... 9 . . . .4 The Robbins Co...... Back Cover . . .19

Derrick Equipment Co...... 41 . . .51 Rocscience ...... 13 . . . .5

DMJM + Harris ...... 31 . . .13 Transpo Industries...... 2 . . .10

ICON...... 7 . . . .3 Tunnelingonline.com ...... 25 . . . .1

Layne GeoConstruction...... 29 . . .12 Westshare Services Inc...... 39 . . .15

Linabond ...... 27 . . .11

TBM: Tunnel Business Magazine FEBRUARY 2006 PRODUCTS/CALENDAR 41 ITA, WEF Dallas, Prague, Czech New Delhi, India, Tunneling Association of Ph: (414) 289-4141; AUA, Ph: (612) 825-8933; Vancouver, Vancouver, Chicago, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, SME, Ph: (303) 973-9550; Fax: (303) 979-3461; Web: www.ita-aites.org , RS# 21 ITA Toronto, Toronto, Ph: (800) 666-0206 Web: www.ita-aites.org Web: www.worldofconcrete.com RETC, North American Tunneling, North American Tunneling, E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.auaonline.org Canada, Ph: (780) 401-8286; Web: www.tunnelcanada.ca Republic, Mayco's C-30HDNa high-perfor- from Multiquip is a new frame-integratedThe pump features 18-gal fuel The C-30HDN lbs and comes with a weighs 2,831 JUNE 10-13 2008 SEPTEMBER TBA Congress 2008, Tunnel World ITA-AITES JUNE 10-15 SEPTEMBER TBA TAC National Conference, OCTOBER 21-25 WEFTEC 2006 Annual Conference & Expo, 2007 JANUARY 22-26 of Concrete 2007, World MAY 5-10 Congress 2007, Tunnel World ITA-AITES mance pump ideal for a variety of shotcrete and grout of shotcrete ideal for a variety mance pump a 46-hp, 4-cylinder It is available with applications. liquid- or 39-hp Deutz diesel engine and cooled Nissan gas engine performance improvements compared offers a number of the C-30 HD. to its predecessor, The C-30HDNa also features safety. tank for improved design. This efficient and economical direct-flow hopper of locating the hopper directly design offers the advantage Gravity draws the pumping cylinder. above the primary the hopper into the pumping cylin- material directly from and efficiently pumped out of the dis- It is then quickly der. oversized inlet valving pump. Larger, charge end of the low slump and stiff, allows pumping up to ½-in. aggregate shotcrete (wet-gunning) material mixes. ball hitch and a 3- standard 2-in. ball hitch. A 2 5/16-in. in. pintle hitch are also optional. The unit is 150 in. long, 38 in. wide and 62½ in. high. It has a maximum rated volume output of 25 cu yds per hour. Multiquip's C-30HDNMultiquip's Products Microtunneling SME, Colorado School Colorado School Golden, Colo, NUCA, Seoul, South Korea, : Tunnel Business Magazine FEBRUARY 2006 TBM: Tunnel Golden,Colo., St. Louis, Mo., Benjamin Media Inc., Fax: (703) 358-9307, CALENDAR RS# 20 Nashville, Tenn., Nashville, Tenn., The tool is able to fit a broad range of The tool is able to The PB 420 also features the VibroSilenced The PB 420 also features and quiet operation, the PB 420 is ideal for and quiet operation, road construction, landscaping, light demo- applications. lition and trenching enclosure to provide full acoustic insulation, reducing noise by up to 18-dB(A). A long- small carriers and offer the hitting force of small carriers and offer larger models, delivering an impact rate of larger models, delivering 1,050 blows per minute (with a maximum 1,050 blows per minute hydraulic flow of 23.8 gpm at 2,175 psi). hydraulic flow of 23.8 uses elastic elements damping system, which mechanism and box between the percussion The unit’s streamlined design also reduces stroke piston design further reduces noise and stroke piston design further reduces noise Microtunneling Short Course, minimizes recoil back to the carrier, which minimizes recoil back to the carrier, lessens the strain on the operator and machine. Ph: (303) 444-2650, (330) 467-7588, Fax: (330) 468-2289,

Microtunneling Inc., Ph: (303) 444-2650, Ph: (303) 973-9550, Fax: (303) 973-3845; Web: www.smenet.org Web: www.nuca.com Ph: (703) 358-9300, Inc., ITA, Web: www.ita-aites.org, Ph: Web: www.microtunneling.com E-mail: [email protected], Web: nastt.org/nodig.html Web: www.microtunneling.com of Mines, (303) 273-3714, Fax: (303) 273-3719, Web: E-mail: [email protected] www.mines.edu/outreach/cont_ed/; of Mines, (303) 273-3669, Fax: (303) 273-3602, E-mail: [email protected]

At 795 lbs, Atlas Copco’s PB 420 Penta Series hydraulic Series 420 Penta Atlas Copco’s PB At 795 lbs, MAY 22-27 Grouting Fundamentals and Current Practice, APRIL 22-27 Congress 2006, Tunnel World ITA-AITES 27-29 Finite Elements in Geotechnical Engineering, 27-29 SME Annual Meeting & Exhibit, 22-24 No-Dig 2006, MARCH 1-3 Utility Construction EXPO ’06, San Diego, 20-21 Microtunneling Seminar, 2-Day Pilot Tube 22-24 3-Day 2006 FEBRUARY EVENTS maintenance and eliminates the need for a high-pressure maintenance and eliminates the need accumulator and tension rods. A one-piece, replace- field able slip-fitthe working bushing is pinned in place by both the steel and steel, allows the operator to replace to dismantling bushing by removing the pin, as opposed the entire hammer. breaker is designed for use with skid steers, backhoes and skid steers, backhoes designed for use with breaker is ratio a high power-to-weight mini-excavators.Featuring Atlas Copco PB 420 Hydraulic Breaker PB 420 Hydraulic Atlas Copco MY TURN 42 T really isano-brainer. rible optionpossibleandthispoint tiles. For ceramic tilesarethemosthor- the worstoftheseisfarsuperiorto ular steelrailsandnutsbolts.Even panels andfixingsrangingdowntoreg- the useofalternativetypescheaper sets ofthefirstmethod,whichinvolve often stackup.Therearevarioussub- after 10years,buttheeconomicscan good quality, built-upsprayedpaint. rails. Thesecondmethodistousea panel withacorrosion-prooffixingon use agoodqualityvitreousenamel(VE) an option).Thebestandfirstisto (or threeifyoucount“nofinish” as ways todoahighwaytunnelfinish to bulgeinmyforehead. highway tunnel.Andthentheveinsstart possible finishanyonecanselectfora get mylectureonhowtilesaretheworst to loseit.Myunfortunatepassengerswill tile replacementsinprogress,Ireallystart the singleworkinglaneandIseethose at amagnificentspeedofabout2mphin stop/start crawltotheportal. just hopingtostartthatmiserable you canendupnotmovingforanhour, maintenance, mostlytilereplacement) make itinbeforethelaneclosure(for midnight onaSaturday. Ifyoudon’t through theHollandTunnel justaround from NewYork CitytoNewJersey pressure istogetcaughtdrivingback sooner) theywill starttocomeoff.” machine, butsooner orlater(usually little helpfrom a toughtunnelcleaning them, theypopoffthewall.Itmight takea If anyhydrostaticpressurebuilds up behind Granted, thiswillneedrepainting There arebasicallyonlytwogood And onceIaminthetunnel,cruising The worstthingformyblood “Tiles areforbathrooms, notfortunnels. “Tiles Tiles andHypertension TBM: Tunnel BusinessMagazine FEBRUARY2006 it worksatreat.Itiswhatthecasesor biggest losers. losers two groupsofpeopleeveryoneelseare with thesituation.Butapartfromthese And Iknowthetilesuppliersarehappy employment scenariotobesure. is justcrazy. Itisaperpetualtilers’ any differentlythantheydidpreviously tunnel andexpectingthemtoperform with newbathroomtilesinanexisting replacing thesameoldbathroomtiles choosing thisoptioninanewtunnel,but pressure. Thereisreallynoexcusefor architectural finish. labor-intensive methodofcreatingan enormous, asisthecostofthis too. Furthermore, theinstallationtimeis delay coststousershavebeincluded unbelievably high.Don’t forget that basis—is on atunnelwhole-life The costofusingceramictiles—ifdone this hasseriousimpactstotrafficflow. begins. Andinoldandnarrowtunnels clean. Andsotheperpetualreplacement grout lines.Theybecomeimpossibleto to occur. Thenmoldstartstogrowinthe and becomescrazed.Thencracksstart glazing startstodeteriorateaftertime start tocomeoff. Notonlythat,the sooner orlater(usuallysooner)theywill tough tunnelcleaningmachine,but wall. Itmighttakealittlehelpfrom builds upbehindthem,theypopoffthe tunnels. Ifanyhydrostaticpressure We allhaveVEsteelinourhomesand That’s whyitgivesmehighblood Tiles areforbathrooms,not — YTURN MY and thetunnelusersare By DavidCaiden can tohelpmyhypertension. give thissomethoughtanddo allthey My pleaisthatdesignersand architects maintenance; nottomentionbeauty. of thinkingaboutperformanceand capital costofeverythinginstead tile replacements. is actuallylessthantilesplusperiodic the qualityproductinfirstplace costofputtingin that thetruelife-cycle cracked tiles.Andofcoursetheironyis subway platformstaringatdingy every timeIamstandingonthe been forgotten.”Ithinkaboutthat “Quality remainslongafterpricehas uses agoodsloganinitsbrochure: made tolookbeautiful. ugly thingslikecableductscanbe graphics intoanartform.Andeven whom haveturnedVEpanel by imaginativearchitects,someof Some stunningeffectscanbecreated stations astheydotoroadtunnels. much thesametosubwayandmetro replacing signsagain—ever. operator needneverworryabout can runstraightoverthemandthe cladding linesothecleaningmachine doors overthemthatfitflushtothe “Exit.” Fire Point recessescanhave Hose,” “EmergencyTelephone” and That meanssignstoo,suchas“Fire the surfacepanelinanycolorsrequired. be finishedwiththedesignslockedinto of tilesontunnelwalls. that wouldbethedomesticequivalent replace, bitbybit,everyweekend.Yes, ered insmallmosaictilesthatyouhadto like ifitwerecov- what lifewouldbe lifetime. Imagine kitchen stovefora people willkeepa made of. Some “white goods”are cabinets onour D a People getobsessedwiththeinitial One particularpanelmanufacturer The argumentsforVEpanelsapply The joyofVEpanelsisthattheycan v i d

C a i d e n is aprincipalforArup. Reader Service Number 17 Reader Service Number 19