DOCSLIB.ORG

PTRD Intro Diving Manual

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
PTRD Intro Diving Manual 2019 PTRD Intro Diving Manual ISO 11121 CMAS Introductory Diving, 1 Página PTRD Supervised Diver Manual http://ptrdive-international.com/ Collection: Scuba diving PTRD manuals Contact: [email protected] 2 Edition 2019 Página http://ptrdive-international.com/ CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................................................... 5 2. LIGHT OR BASIC EQUIPMENT. .................................................................................................................................................... 6 2.1. DIVING MASK..................................................................................................................................................................... 6 2.2. Snorkel ............................................................................................................................................................................... 7 2.3. FINS .................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 2.4. wetsuits. ............................................................................................................................................................................ 8 2.5. DIVING WHEIGHTING SYSTEM AND RELEASING QUICK. .................................................................................................. 9 3. SCUBA DIVING EQUIPMENT (Self-contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus) .................................................................... 9 3.1. THE CYLINDER. ................................................................................................................................................................... 9 3.2. The valve: ........................................................................................................................................................................ 10 3.3. THE REGULATOR .............................................................................................................................................................. 10 3.4. THE MANOMETER. .......................................................................................................................................................... 11 3.5. OCTOPUS, ALTERNATIVE SOURCE OR SECOND EMERGENCY STAGE. ............................................................................. 11 3.6. BUOYANCY CONTROL DEVICED (BCD) ............................................................................................................................. 11 3.6.1. Hydrostatic jacket. ...................................................................................................................................................... 12 3.7. DEPTH GAUGE ................................................................................................................................................................. 12 4. DIVING PHYSICS ........................................................................................................................................................................ 13 4.1. THE EAR. .......................................................................................................................................................................... 13 4.2. BUOYANCY ....................................................................................................................................................................... 14 4.3. THE PRESSURE IN THE WATER. ........................................................................................................................................ 16 4.4. BOYLE-MARIOTTE LAW .................................................................................................................................................... 16 5. Medical and physiological problems related to diving. .......................................................................................................... 17 5.1. Medical problems ............................................................................................................................................................ 17 5.2. Direct effect of pressure .................................................................................................................................................. 17 5.2.1. Ears.............................................................................................................................................................................. 17 5.2.2. Sinuses ........................................................................................................................................................................ 18 5.2.3. Mask. .......................................................................................................................................................................... 19 5.2.4. Lungs. .......................................................................................................................................................................... 19 5.2.5. Other aspects to consider: ......................................................................................................................................... 20 6. COMMUNICATIONS .................................................................................................................................................................. 21 6.1.1. On the surface. ........................................................................................................................................................... 21 6.1.2. Underwater ................................................................................................................................................................ 21 7. PROCEDURES FOR DIVING FROM BOAT. ................................................................................................................................. 23 8. Diving environment. ................................................................................................................................................................. 23 8.1. WATER CONDITIONS. ...................................................................................................................................................... 23 8.2. AQUATIC LIFE. .................................................................................................................................................................. 24 8.3. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. ..................................................................................................................................... 25 9. Continuous training and professional diving career. .............................................................................................................. 25 3 Página PTRD Supervised Diver Manual http://ptrdive-international.com/ 4 Página http://ptrdive-international.com/ 1. INTRODUCTION This manual contains all the necessary contents required to participate in the PTRD Intro Diving program, certified with ISO 11121, equivalent to CMAS Introductory Diving and RSTC Introductory Scuba Experience. It has been written based on the guidelines of the EUF / ISO, CMAS and RSTC standards. Once you complete the theory and the immersion, or the dives, of trouble-free experience, your instructor could certify the PTRD Intro Diving level, which accredits you to: - Dive up to -12 mt without decompression and with the need for supervision of an Instructor but without having to repeat the theoretical part, - In places with conditions similar to where you have trained without the need for additional training, - During the day, - In places where vertical and direct surface ascent is possible, - With proper attention on the surface (people who can assist divers), - Using air. You could also participate in a complete diving course with the possibility of doing a less-than-planned practice in the chosen course. PTRD, in compliance with the most restrictive legislation, requires the participants of its courses the following prerequisites to its start: - Medical certificate indicating “suitable for diving”, or standardized medical self-declaration. - Photocopy of valid ID or passport. - Parental authorization for children under 18 years. - Minimum age 10 years (For younger ages we have other programs). - Fill in the student sheet and information about the risks. Your PTRD instructor (which must be at least PTRD 1 Star Instructor) must inform you in advance of the school's own requirements, price of your course, conditions for participation and completion of the course, as well as having at your disposal the documentation of your mandatory insurance "Civil Liability" and accidents. In addition to all the administrative documentation, you will need a specific equipment for the activity, which includes a diving bottle, weights, vest, regulator, suit, fins, mask, tube ... and that is normally provided by the school, or they must inform you previously in opposite case. Course Procedures: during the course, in addition to diving, we perform control and equipment management exercises and the training is integrated, which means that each exercise is related to the rest as a whole to make you go from not being a diver, to being it. The logical order of completion of
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Effects of Surfactants on the Toxicitiy of Glyphosate, with Specific Reference to RODEO
    SERA TR 97-206-1b Effects of Surfactants on the Toxicitiy of Glyphosate, with Specific Reference to RODEO Submitted to: Leslie Rubin, COTR Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) Biotechnology, Biologics and Environmental Protection Environmental Analysis and Documentation United States Department of Agriculture Suite 5A44, Unit 149 4700 River Road Riverdale, MD 20737 Task No. 5 USDA Contract No. 53-3187-5-12 USDA Order No. 43-3187-7-0028 Prepared by: Gary L. Diamond Syracuse Research Corporation Merrill Lane Syracuse, NY 13210 and Patrick R. Durkin Syracuse Environmental Research Associates, Inc. 5100 Highbridge St., 42C Fayetteville, New York 13066-0950 Telephone: (315) 637-9560 Fax: (315) 637-0445 CompuServe: 71151,64 Internet: [email protected] February 6, 1997 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................... iii 1. INTRODUCTION .............................................1 2. CONSTITUENTS OF SURFACTANT FORMULATIONS USED WITH RODE0 ....4 2.1. AGRI-DEX ..........................................4 2.2. LI-700 .............................................4 2.3. R-11 ...............................................6 2.4. LATRON AG-98 ......................................6 2.5. LATRON AG-98 AG ....................................7 3. INFORMATION ON EFFECTS OF SURFACTANT FORMULATIONS ON THE TOXICITY OF RODEO ................................8 3.1. HUMAN HEALTH ......................................8 3.1.1. LI 700 ........................................8 3.1.2. Phosphatidylcholine ................................8
    [Show full text]
  • Pulmonary Surfactant: the Key to the Evolution of Air Breathing Christopher B
    Pulmonary Surfactant: The Key to the Evolution of Air Breathing Christopher B. Daniels and Sandra Orgeig Department of Environmental Biology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia Pulmonary surfactant controls the surface tension at the air-liquid interface within the lung. This sys- tem had a single evolutionary origin that predates the evolution of the vertebrates and lungs. The lipid composition of surfactant has been subjected to evolutionary selection pressures, partic- ularly temperature, throughout the evolution of the vertebrates. ungs have evolved independently on several occasions pendent units, do not necessarily stretch upon inflation but Lover the past 300 million years in association with the radi- unpleat or unfold in a complex manner. Moreover, the many ation and diversification of the vertebrates, such that all major fluid-filled corners and crevices in the alveoli open and close vertebrate groups have members with lungs. However, lungs as the lung inflates and deflates. differ considerably in structure, embryological origin, and Surfactant in nonmammals exhibits an antiadhesive func- function between vertebrate groups. The bronchoalveolar lung tion, lining the interface between apposed epithelial surfaces of mammals is a branching “tree” of tubes leading to millions within regions of a collapsed lung. As the two apposing sur- of tiny respiratory exchange units, termed alveoli. In humans faces peel apart, the lipids rise to the surface of the hypophase there are ~25 branches and 300 million alveoli. This structure fluid at the expanding gas-liquid interface and lower the sur- allows for the generation of an enormous respiratory surface face tension of this fluid, thereby decreasing the work required area (up to 70 m2 in adult humans).
    [Show full text]
  • Do You Need Certification to Scuba Dive
    Do You Need Certification To Scuba Dive heedsBurnaby superfuses is idyllic: shehappen. about-face Hireable touchily Vaclav and deglutinated enfeebled tritelyher tambours. or dissemble Vincentian hopefully Franz when intermitting, Ronnie is hispally. argosy There are so many different ways to get outside, most dive centers offer a variety of plans to fit your schedule and needs. This course can be taken after completing the PADI Open Water Diver certification. What is to do you scuba certification dive? El Bells or Bells to Blue Hole sites. My result about four minutes! Under, rent, their style might not necessarily be the best for you. Learning how to scuba dive is much like learning how to drive a car. There are at least three water sessions that will likely be scheduled on separate days. He particularly likes the added dimension that water creates. Take the way to scuba diving given you away from your learning part of certification or resort provide your scuba scuba provides you do you need certification to scuba dive! For this job, Atomic. Bear in mind that not all options are available at every dive centre, these calamities involve more experienced divers rather than tragedies involving beginner divers randomly struck down. During these sessions you will learn how to do basic diving skills such as mask clearing, qualifying you to supervise dive activities and assist instructors with student divers. You need for those same applies for a swimming pool without notice so do need? Frc training has its risks and I would be out of line to try to guide you via a comment on a blog post.
    [Show full text]
  • Henry's Law Constants and Micellar Partitioning of Volatile Organic
    38 J. Chem. Eng. Data 2000, 45, 38-47 Henry’s Law Constants and Micellar Partitioning of Volatile Organic Compounds in Surfactant Solutions Leland M. Vane* and Eugene L. Giroux United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268 Partitioning of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into surfactant micelles affects the apparent vapor- liquid equilibrium of VOCs in surfactant solutions. This partitioning will complicate removal of VOCs from surfactant solutions by standard separation processes. Headspace experiments were performed to quantify the effect of four anionic surfactants and one nonionic surfactant on the Henry’s law constants of 1,1,1-trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, toluene, and tetrachloroethylene at temperatures ranging from 30 to 60 °C. Although the Henry’s law constant increased markedly with temperature for all solutions, the amount of VOC in micelles relative to that in the extramicellar region was comparatively insensitive to temperature. The effect of adding sodium chloride and isopropyl alcohol as cosolutes also was evaluated. Significant partitioning of VOCs into micelles was observed, with the micellar partitioning coefficient (tendency to partition from water into micelle) increasing according to the following series: trichloroethane < trichloroethylene < toluene < tetrachloroethylene. The addition of surfactant was capable of reversing the normal sequence observed in Henry’s law constants for these four VOCs. Introduction have long taken advantage of the high Hc values for these compounds. In the engineering field, the most common Vast quantities of organic solvents have been disposed method of dealing with chlorinated solvents dissolved in of in a manner which impacts human health and the groundwater is “pump & treat”swithdrawal of ground- environment.
    [Show full text]
  • Dive Theory Guide
    DIVE THEORY STUDY GUIDE by Rod Abbotson CD69259 © 2010 Dive Aqaba Guidelines for studying: Study each area in order as the theory from one subject is used to build upon the theory in the next subject. When you have completed a subject, take tests and exams in that subject to make sure you understand everything before moving on. If you try to jump around or don’t completely understand something; this can lead to gaps in your knowledge. You need to apply the knowledge in earlier sections to understand the concepts in later sections... If you study this way you will retain all of the information and you will have no problems with any PADI dive theory exams you may take in the future. Before completing the section on decompression theory and the RDP make sure you are thoroughly familiar with the RDP, both Wheel and table versions. Use the appropriate instructions for use guides which come with the product. Contents Section One PHYSICS ………………………………………………page 2 Section Two PHYSIOLOGY………………………………………….page 11 Section Three DECOMPRESSION THEORY & THE RDP….……..page 21 Section Four EQUIPMENT……………………………………………page 27 Section Five SKILLS & ENVIRONMENT…………………………...page 36 PHYSICS SECTION ONE Light: The speed of light changes as it passes through different things such as air, glass and water. This affects the way we see things underwater with a diving mask. As the light passes through the glass of the mask and the air space, the difference in speed causes the light rays to bend; this is called refraction. To the diver wearing a normal diving mask objects appear to be larger and closer than they actually are.
    [Show full text]
  • Biomechanics of Safe Ascents Workshop
    PROCEEDINGS OF BIOMECHANICS OF SAFE ASCENTS WORKSHOP — 10 ft E 30 ft TIME AMERICAN ACADEMY OF UNDERWATER SCIENCES September 25 - 27, 1989 Woods Hole, Massachusetts Proceedings of the AAUS Biomechanics of Safe Ascents Workshop Michael A. Lang and Glen H. Egstrom, (Editors) Copyright © 1990 by AMERICAN ACADEMY OF UNDERWATER SCIENCES 947 Newhall Street Costa Mesa, CA 92627 All Rights Reserved No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by photostat, microfilm, or any other means, without written permission from the publishers Copies of these Proceedings can be purchased from AAUS at the above address This workshop was sponsored in part by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Department of Commerce, under grant number 40AANR902932, through the Office of Undersea Research, and in part by the Diving Equipment Manufacturers Association (DEMA), and in part by the American Academy of Underwater Sciences (AAUS). The U.S. Government is authorized to produce and distribute reprints for governmental purposes notwithstanding the copyright notation that appears above. Opinions presented at the Workshop and in the Proceedings are those of the contributors, and do not necessarily reflect those of the American Academy of Underwater Sciences PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF UNDERWATER SCIENCES BIOMECHANICS OF SAFE ASCENTS WORKSHOP WHOI/MBL Woods Hole, Massachusetts September 25 - 27, 1989 MICHAEL A. LANG GLEN H. EGSTROM Editors American Academy of Underwater Sciences 947 Newhall Street, Costa Mesa, California 92627 U.S.A. An American Academy of Underwater Sciences Diving Safety Publication AAUSDSP-BSA-01-90 CONTENTS Preface i About AAUS ii Executive Summary iii Acknowledgments v Session 1: Introductory Session Welcoming address - Michael A.
    [Show full text]
  • Supervised Dive
    EFFECTIVE 1 March 2009 MINIMUM COURSE CONTENT FOR Supervised Diver Certifi cation As Approved By ©2009, Recreational Scuba Training Council, Inc. (RSTC) Recreational Scuba Training Council, Inc. RSTC Coordinator P.O. Box 11083 Jacksonville, FL 32239 USA Recreational Scuba Training Council (RSTC) Minimum Course Content for Supervised Diver Certifi cation 1. Scope and Purpose This standard provides minimum course content requirements for instruction leading to super- vised diver certifi cation in recreational diving with scuba (self-contained underwater breathing appa- ratus). The intent of the standard is to prepare a non diver to the point that he can enjoy scuba diving in open water under controlled conditions—that is, under the supervision of a diving professional (instructor or certifi ed assistant – see defi nitions) and to a limited depth. These requirements do not defi ne full, autonomous certifi cation and should not be confused with Open Water Scuba Certifi cation. (See Recreational Scuba Training Council Minimum Course Content for Open Water Scuba Certifi ca- tion.) The Supervised Diver Certifi cation Standards are a subset of the Open Water Scuba Certifi cation standards. Moreover, as part of the supervised diver course content, supervised divers are informed of the limitations of the certifi cation and urged to continue their training to obtain open water diver certifi - cation. Within the scope of supervised diver training, the requirements of this standard are meant to be com- prehensive, but general in nature. That is, the standard presents all the subject areas essential for su- pervised diver certifi cation, but it does not give a detailed listing of the skills and information encom- passed by each area.
    [Show full text]
  • Deep Sea Dive Ebook Free Download
    DEEP SEA DIVE PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Frank Lampard | 112 pages | 07 Apr 2016 | Hachette Children's Group | 9780349132136 | English | London, United Kingdom Deep Sea Dive PDF Book Zombie Worm. Marrus orthocanna. Deep diving can mean something else in the commercial diving field. They can be found all over the world. Depth at which breathing compressed air exposes the diver to an oxygen partial pressure of 1. Retrieved 31 May Diving medicine. Arthur J. Retrieved 13 March Although commercial and military divers often operate at those depths, or even deeper, they are surface supplied. Minimal visibility is still possible far deeper. The temperature is rising in the ocean and we still don't know what kind of an impact that will have on the many species that exist in the ocean. Guiel Jr. His dive was aborted due to equipment failure. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC. Depth limit for a group of 2 to 3 French Level 3 recreational divers, breathing air. Underwater diving to a depth beyond the norm accepted by the associated community. Limpet mine Speargun Hawaiian sling Polespear. Michele Geraci [42]. Diving safety. Retrieved 19 September All of these considerations result in the amount of breathing gas required for deep diving being much greater than for shallow open water diving. King Crab. Atrial septal defect Effects of drugs on fitness to dive Fitness to dive Psychological fitness to dive. The bottom part which has the pilot sphere inside. List of diving environments by type Altitude diving Benign water diving Confined water diving Deep diving Inland diving Inshore diving Muck diving Night diving Open-water diving Black-water diving Blue-water diving Penetration diving Cave diving Ice diving Wreck diving Recreational dive sites Underwater environment.
    [Show full text]
  • Effect of Surfactant on Interfacial Gas Transfer Studied by Axisymmetric Drop Shape Analysis-Captive Bubble (ADSA-CB)
    5446 Langmuir 2005, 21, 5446-5452 Effect of Surfactant on Interfacial Gas Transfer Studied by Axisymmetric Drop Shape Analysis-Captive Bubble (ADSA-CB) Yi Y. Zuo,† Dongqing Li,† Edgar Acosta,‡ Peter N. Cox,§ and A. Wilhelm Neumann*,† Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King’s College Road, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada, Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E5, Canada, and Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada Received January 31, 2005. In Final Form: April 3, 2005 A new method combining axisymmetric drop shape analysis (ADSA) and a captive bubble (CB) is proposed to study the effect of surfactant on interfacial gas transfer. In this method, gas transfer from a static CB to the surrounding quiescent liquid is continuously recorded for a short period (i.e., 5 min). By photographical analysis, ADSA-CB is capable of yielding detailed information pertinent to the surface tension and geometry of the CB, e.g., bubble area, volume, curvature at the apex, and the contact radius and height of the bubble. A steady-state mass transfer model is established to evaluate the mass transfer coefficient on the basis of the output of ADSA-CB. In this way, we are able to develop a working prototype capable of simultaneously measuring dynamic surface tension and interfacial gas transfer. Other advantages of this method are that it allows for the study of very low surface tensions (<5 mJ/m2) and does not require equilibrium of gas transfer.
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 Instructor Manual
    INSTRUCTOR MANUAL Product No. 79173 (Rev. 12/19) Version 2020 © PADI 2020 PADI INSTRUCTOR MANUAL PADI® Instructor Manual © PADI 2020 No part of this product may be reproduced, sold or distributed in any form without the written permission of the publisher. ® indicates a trademark is registered in the U.S. and certain other countries. Published by PADI 30151 Tomas Rancho Santa Margarita, CA 92688-2125 USA Printed in USA Product No. 79173 (Rev. 12/19) Version 2020 Scuba diving can never be entirely risk-free. However, by adhering to the standards within this manual whenever training or supervising divers who participate in PADI courses and programs, PADI Members can provide a strong platform from which divers and novices can learn to manage those risks and have fun in the process. How to Use This Manual This manual provides PADI course requirements. Text appearing in boldface print denotes required standards that may not be deviated from while teaching the course. PADI Standards do not, however, supersede local laws or regulations. Keep informed of these wherever you teach. Though all PADI Members use this manual, it is written from the instructor’s perspective, except for course performance requirements. These are written from the student diver’s or program participant’s perspective, stating specifcally what must be demonstrated or performed. As a starting point, become familiar with the items in the Commitment to Excellence section. This includes the PADI Professional’s Creed, PADI Member Code of Practice and Youth Leader’s Commitment. This section outlines your professional commitment to diver safety, responsibility and risk management.
    [Show full text]
  • Iso 24803:2017
    INTERNATIONAL ISO STANDARD 24803 Second edition 2017-03 Recreational diving services — Requirements for recreational diving providers Services relatifs à la plongée de loisirs — Exigences relatives aux prestataires de services de plongée subaquatique de loisirs Reference number ISO 24803:2017(E) © ISO 2017 ISO 24803:2017(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT © ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form orthe by requester. any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401 ISOCH-1214 copyright Vernier, office Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 www.iso.org [email protected] ii © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved ISO 24803:2017(E) Contents Page Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v 1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • SDI Diver Standards
    part2 SDI Diversdi Standards diver standards SDI Standards and Procedures Part 2: SDI Diver Standards 2 Version 0221 SDI Standards and Procedures Part 2: SDI Diver Standards Contents 1. Course Overview Matrix ..............................11 2. General Course Standards .......................... 13 2.1 Administrative ........................................................................13 2.2 Accidents .................................................................................14 2.3 Definitions ..............................................................................14 2.4 Confined Water Training ......................................................15 2.5 Open Water Training ............................................................15 2.6 Student – Minimum Equipment Requirements ..............16 2.7 Instructor – Minimum Equipment Requirements ..........16 2.8 Temporary Certification Cards ...........................................17 2.9 Upgrading from SDI Junior certification to full SDI certification ...................................................................................17 3. Snorkeling Course ....................................... 18 3.1 Introduction ............................................................................18 3.2 Qualifications of Graduates.................................................18 3.3 Who May Teach ......................................................................18 3.4 Student to Instructor Ratio ..................................................18 3.5 Student
    [Show full text]