INTEGRATED MS W MANAGEMENT PROJECT FOR GMADA CLUSTER EIA Executive At v illage – Samguli, Tehsil & District – SAS Nagar (), Punjab Summary

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 1.1 INTRODUCTION Changing lifestyle and rapid urbanization in any Indian cities is leaving behind great challenges for Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management because corresponding need of infrastructure development & facilities to deal with the volume & nature of waste generated is not being dealt properly due to various reasons and as a result it is becoming threat to health & environment. Looking at the present scenario of Municipal Solid Waste Management of Punjab, Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) under MSW (Management & Handling) Rules 2000 Govt. of , Department of Local Government (DoLG), Government of Punjab (GoP), had invited bids for advisory services for development of Integrated MSW management Projects on Public Private Partnership (PPP) model in Punjab, covering all 6 corporation towns and 134 other ULBs in the State. Pursuant to above and as a part of its project development activities for development of MSW management projects on regional basis, the entire State has been broadly divided into eight clusters i.e., Ferozpur, , , , , , -Sangrur and Greater Mohali Area Development Authority (GMADA). In line, it is proposed to implement an Integrated MSW Management Project for GMADA Cluster comprising of MSW processing facility and Engineered Sanitary Land fill at village Samguli, Tehsil & District – SAS Nagar (Mohali), Punjab to treat and dispose-off the processed rejectsinerts. There are 18 ULB’s forming the GMADA, Cluster. List of ULB’s comprising the GMADA Cluster are as below table 1.2:

Table 1.2 List of major ULBs in GMADA Cluster S. No. Cluster ULBs 1 SAS Nagar Mohali - Municipal Corporation of Mohali 2 Kharar - Municipal Council of Kharar 3 Ku rali - Municipal Council of 4 Rajpura - Municipal Council of Rajpura 5 Rupnagar - Municipal Council of Rupnagar

Greater Mohali Area Development Authority (GMADA) 1 INTEGRATED MS W MANAGEMENT PROJECT FOR GMADA CLUSTER EIA Executive At v illage – Samguli, Tehsil & District – SAS Nagar (Mohali), Punjab Summary

6 Balachaur - Municipal Council of Balachaur 7 Bassi Pathana - Municipal Council of Bassi Pathana 8 Anandpur Sahib -Municipal Coun cil of Anandpur Sahib 9 Derra Bassi – Municipal Council of Derra Bassi 10 Gobind Garh - Municipal Council of Gobind Garh 11 Naya Gaon –Municipal Council of Naya Gaon 12 Banur –Municipal Council of Banur 13 Morinda – Nagar Panchayat Morinda 14 Sirhi nd -Municipal Council of Sirhind 15 -Municipal Council of Zirakpur 16 Chamkaur Sahib - Nagar Panchayat Chamkaur Sahib 17 - Nagar Panchayat Lalru 18 Nagal - Municipal Council of Nagal

The proposed Integrated MSW Management Project will comprise of all the components of MSW management in all ULBs of GMADA Cluster.

As per EIA Notification, September, 2006 & as amended on 1 st December, 2009, this project falls under Project Activity ‘7(i)’ & Category B, therefore it’s necessary to have Environmental Clearance for the project from the State level Environment Impact Assessment Authority, but Inter State Boundary (Punjab & Haryana), is situated at ~ 0.2 km (East) from the project site, thus this project require EC from the Ministry of Environment & Forest, New Delhi.

1.2 DETAILS OF THE PROJECT The capacity of the facility will be 350 TPD including RDF processing facility of 250 TPD and compost plant of 100 TPD. The inert will be disposed off in a scientific sanitary landfill site, which will be located at Village – Samguli, Tehsil & District – SAS Nagar (Mohali), Punjab. Table No. – 1.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION ABOUT THE PROJECT S.NO. PARTICULARS DETAILS 1. Project Name Integrated Municipal Solid Waste Management of GMADA Cluster 2. Location Vi llage Samguli Tehsil & District SAS Nagar (Mohali) State Punjab Latitude 30 °33’ 3.14’ N Longitude 76°52’ 57.58” E Toposheet No. H 43 K 14, H 43 K 15

Greater Mohali Area Development Authority (GMADA) 2 INTEGRATED MS W MANAGEMENT PROJECT FOR GMADA CLUSTER EIA Executive At v illage – Samguli, Tehsil & District – SAS Nagar (Mohali), Punjab Summary

3. Environmental Settings of the area National Highway NH -22 (~5.0 km in NW direction) Nearest Railway Station Ghagghar Railway Station (~7.5 km in NW direction ) Nearest Airport (~ 16 km in NW direction) Nearest Village Kheri Gujran (~0.5 km in NNW direction) Nearest Town (~ 5 km in NW direction) Nearest Water Bodies Ghagghar River, (~ 8.2 km in NW) Dangri River, (~ 7.0 km in SE) Eco sensitive Zone (National No Eco sensitive Zone viz. National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary, Park, Wildlife Sanctuary, Biosphere reserve wildlife corridors falling with the 10 km radius of Biosphere reserve wildlife the project site. Except following Protected Forest corridors etc.) • Bir Dadrala P.F. (~ 3.5 km in NW) Within 10 km radius of the • Bir Barauli P.F. (~ 8.0 km in WNW) project site . • Bir Hansala P.F. (~ 9.5 km in SW) • Bir Baqarpura P.F. (~ 5.2 km in NW) Historical & Archeological No Historical & Archeological site falling within 10 km radius of the Important Place project site. National & State Boundary Inter State Bo undary (Punjab & Haryana), ~ 2.0 km in East 4. Project Requirement Land Requirement 50 acres Green Belt Development The green belt will be developed o ver 10 acre s of land . Project Cost Details Total Cost of Project 72.0 Cores Cost for EMP 1.1 Cores Recurring Cost/annum 20 Lacs (20% of EMP cost) Fresh Water Requirement Total Fresh Water requirement: 25 KLD Source: Ground water will be withdrawn after obtaining requisite permission from concerned department, if required. Manpower Requirement Total Manpower requirement : • At waste processing site:- 68 persons • At transfer stations: 26 persons • Work shop facilities:- 14 persons • For proposed collection & transportation system in Mohali city:- 154 persons • For proposed collection & transportation system in other Cluster ULB’s of GAMADA cluster:- - Worker:- 265 persons - Driver:- 153 persons - Helpers:- 153 Total:- 833 persons Power Requirement 400 KW Source: Field visit

Greater Mohali Area Development Authority (GMADA) 3 INTEGRATED MS W MANAGEMENT PROJECT FOR GMADA CLUSTER EIA Executive At v illage – Samguli, Tehsil & District – SAS Nagar (Mohali), Punjab Summary

1.2.1 LOCATION MAP

Figure: 1 Location Map

Greater Mohali Area Development Authority (GMADA) 4 INTEGRATED MS W MANAGEMENT PROJECT FOR GMADA CLUSTER EIA Executive At v illage – Samguli, Tehsil & District – SAS Nagar (Mohali), Punjab Summary

1.3 PROCESS DESCRIPTION There are several MSW processing technologies based on physical, biological & thermal processing technologies are being practiced all over. An appropriate processing technology for Municipal Solid Waste Management of GMADA Cluster has been proposed considering following parameters:

• Indian experience • Quantity of waste

• Quality of waste • Capital investments required.

• Recurring expenditure. • Economy of operation.

• Manpower Requirement • Level of skill required.

• The capability of the ULBs is to manage such facility departmentally or through private sector participation.

• Scale of operation. • Environmental impact of such technology.

• Process aesthetics. • Cost of end products.

• Compatibility of cycle of nature Based on the above criteria’s Integrated Municipal Waste Processing facilities for GMADA will have Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) plant, Compost plant and rejects/inert will be sent to Sanitary landfill site. The total Solid waste received at Integrated Municipal Waste Processing facilities for GMADA will be 350 TPD, which will be processed and disposed in following manner:

• About 250 TPD (40% ) waste shall be convert in Refuse Derived Fuel through RDF Plant and it will be use as Fuel.

• About 100 TPD (20% ) waste shall be converted in Manure/compost through compost plant and it will be used as manure in Agriculture fields and Gardening.

Greater Mohali Area Development Authority (GMADA) 5 INTEGRATED MS W MANAGEMENT PROJECT FOR GMADA CLUSTER EIA Executive At v illage – Samguli, Tehsil & District – SAS Nagar (Mohali), Punjab Summary

• About 25% (of the total MSW) Inert / Solid Rejects from the processing (would consist of stone, sand, earth, ceramic etc.) will be segregate for reuse and rest material will be send to land fill site for final scientific disposal. The present practice to deal with municipal solid waste generated in Mohali city and other cities of GMADA cluster is collection, transportation and disposal of untreated waste in land on designated disposal sites. Now, in order to deal scientifically with the entire waste generated in all the eighteen clusters of GMADA as mentioned above, it is proposed to develop an integrated MSW management facility at village Samguli, SAS Nagar (Mohali), Punjab. 1.3.1 PROCESS FLOW CHART

To be utilized as fuel RDF FLUFF in cement/other Industries MIXED WASTE RDF Plant ORGANIC RESIDUE

Rejects To be sold in Market/ GREEN WASTE provided as soil (Hotels, Restaurants, COMPOST Compost/ Fine Soil enricher Subzi Mandi etc.) PLANT

SANITARY LANDFILL

Figure-2:- Schematic Diagram of Proposed Processing and Disposal Facilities

2.0 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT 2.1 CLIMATIC CONDITION SAS Nagar Mohali has a sub-tropical continental monsoon climate characterized by a seasonal rhythm: hot summers, slightly cold winters, unreliable rainfall and great variation in temperature (0 °C to 44 °C). In winter, sometimes frost occurs during December and January. The average annual rainfall is recorded to be 617 mm. The city also receives occasional winter rains from the west.

Greater Mohali Area Development Authority (GMADA) 6 INTEGRATED MS W MANAGEMENT PROJECT FOR GMADA CLUSTER EIA Executive At v illage – Samguli, Tehsil & District – SAS Nagar (Mohali), Punjab Summary

Average temperature Summer The temperature in summer rises upto a maximum of 44°C. In general, Temperature ranges between 35°C to 42°C. Autumn In autumn, the temperature rises to a maximum of 36°C. Temperature usually varies between 16° to 27° in autumn. The minimum temperature is around 13°C. Winter Winters are quite cool and it can sometimes get quite chilly in Mohali. Average temperature in winter (November to February) varies between 7°C to 15 °C (Max) and 0°C to 5°C (Min). Spring The climate remains quite pleasant during the spring season. Temperature vary between (max) 16°C to 25°C and (min) 9°C to 18°C.

2.2 BASELINE DETAILS Baseline study of the study area (i.e. 10 km radius from the project boundary) was conducted during Summer Season 2011. The components of Environmental indicators for which Baseline study was carried out are: Ambient Air Quality, Ambient Noise Level, Water Quality, Soil Quality, Land Use Pattern, Demography, Flora & Fauna. All these details are studied separately for the core & buffer zone..

The concentration of PM 2.5 for all the 8 AAQM stations ranges between 26.10 to 48.60 3 µg/m . The concentration of PM 10 for all the 8 AAQM stations ranges between 55.64 µg/m 3 to 88.85 µg/m 3.

As far as the gaseous pollutants SO 2 and NO 2 are concerned, the permissible limit of 80 µg/m3, as laid down by CPCB for residential and rural areas, has never been surpassed at 3 3 any station. The SO 2 concentrations are in the range of 5.0 µg/m to 9.51 µg/m and the 3 3 NO 2 concentrations are in the range of 16.91 µg/m to 26.27 µg/m for all the 8 AAQM stations.

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Ambient noise levels were measured at 8 locations around the proposed project site. Noise levels varies from 45.10 to 54.10 Leq dB(A) during day time and during night time noise levels ranges from 40.10 to 44.20 Leq dB(A). Five ground water samples were analysed and the pH was found in the range of 7.28 to 7.83, Total Hardness varies were 184.30 to 395.20 mg/l, total Dissolved Solid was approx. 361.0 mg/l to 554.00. All the values are found well within the standards. Two surface water samples were taken & the analysis results of the same reveals that all the values have been found well within the prescribed standards. The analysis results show that soil is almost neutral to slightly alkaline with pH value ranging from 7.18 to 8.18 with Organic Matter from 0.43% to 0.79% . The phosphorous varies from 17.78 to 24.53 kg/ha in the moderate amount, Potassium ranges from 32.97 to 122.95 kg/ha and Nitrogen from 187.40 to 252.67 kg/ha. 2.3 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT Flora: Tree species which are most commonly found in the area are Acacia arabica (Babool), Ficus religiosa (Peepal), Emblica officinalis (Amla), Dalbergia sissoo (Shishum), Mangifera indica (Aam), Prosopis juliflora (Vilayati babool) etc. Fauna: Commonly found animal in the study area are Common mongoose (Herpestes edwardsi), Rat (R.rattus), Bull Frog (Rana tigrina), House crow (Corvus splendens), Common garden lizard (Calotes vesicolor) etc.

2.4 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT As per 2001 Indian census record, SAS Nagar (Mohali) had a population of 123,284. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47% . SAS Nagar (Mohali) has an average literacy rate of 83% , higher than the national average of 59.5% : male literacy is 85% , and female literacy is 81% . In SAS Nagar (Mohali), 10% of the population is under 6 years of age.

3.0 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Environmental impact due to the development/construction and operation stages of the project were predicted quantitatively using ISCST3 model, a steady-state Gaussian plume model, to assess pollutant concentrations around the power plant and a highway noise

Greater Mohali Area Development Authority (GMADA) 8 INTEGRATED MS W MANAGEMENT PROJECT FOR GMADA CLUSTER EIA Executive At v illage – Samguli, Tehsil & District – SAS Nagar (Mohali), Punjab Summary

level model for noise impacts. Impacts were also evaluated qualitatively using engineering analytical judgments and best management practices. Adequate environmental management measures will be incorporated during the entire planning, construction and operation stages of the project to minimize the adverse environmental impacts and assure sustainable development of the area. The impacts during the construction phase will be temporary in nature. The following summary gives a brief information about the pollution sources and mitigation measures proposed for the project.

3.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT During the construction phase, operation of equipments and vehicular movements will be the main sources of pollution. A dust control plan will be implemented and regular maintenance of vehicles and equipment will be carried out. During the operation phase, the main source of pollution would be stack emission, emission from RDF plant, fugitive dust and odor emissions from waste handling & processing and emissions due to vehicular movements. Adequate mitigation measures shall be implemented. Emissions from waste handling areas shall be controlled by provision of covered areas & proper ventilation. Herbicides will be sprayed to discourage further decomposition of MSW. The RDF plant shall be provided with adequate dust control systems such as cyclones, bag filters to control the dust emissions.

 Adequate Chimney with height of 30 meter shall be provided for RDF Plant.  Dust discharge from dryer will be collected by cyclones and cleaning will be carried out in bag filters. The air from ADS cyclone will also be sent to the dust filtration system.

 Receiving and processing treatment facility have been planned with proper roads, cemented platform, well ventilated sheds and other control measures to avoid air pollution.

 The MSW management will be properly designed with ventilation, vibrations, spray mist during windrow turning and personal protective measures.  Herbal Inoculums will be sprayed to check the foul order & pathogeneric nuisance.

3.2 NOISE ENVIRONMENT  Wherever necessary, acoustic enclosures would be provided to ensure that noise levels do not exceed the prescribed standards (75 dB (A) at 1 m distance from the

Greater Mohali Area Development Authority (GMADA) 9 INTEGRATED MS W MANAGEMENT PROJECT FOR GMADA CLUSTER EIA Executive At v illage – Samguli, Tehsil & District – SAS Nagar (Mohali), Punjab Summary

equipment).  The D G sets will be used in case of power failure only.  D.G. sets will be kept in acoustic enclosures/room.  Plantation will be done along the periphery of the project to achieve attenuation factor conforming to noise standards.

 Provision of protective device like ear muff/plugs to the workers.  Regular maintenance of vehicles & machinery would be taken up.  There sources of noise pollution includes truck traffic, blowers, shredders.

3.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT Construction activities for the proposed development can have minor impact on hydrology and water quality of the area as the interaction of surface runoff with construction waste will not have significant impact on ground or any surface water body. During the operation phase, activities responsible for the impact on the surface water bodies are uncontrolled discharge of surface waters, leakage from the engineered drainage systems, runoff from the raised landfill areas, deposition of air pollutants and removal of vegetated areas. 3.4 LAND ENVIRONMENT The proposed project will be developed on the barren land waste disposal site; hence, no change in the land-use of the site due to the proposed project is anticipated. As a site development activity for the proposed plant, a green belt corridor over a width of 2.5 m to 3.0 m around the periphery of project site would be developed. Some other aesthetic changes would be made at the plant site, thereby creating an overall positive visual impact on the site. During operation phase of the project, the final rejects/treated waste from waste segregation system/RDF plant will be disposed at the landfill site, which is about 20-30% of total MSW. Vegetation cover shall be provided over the compost site. Green Area of 33% of the project area will be develop. Shelter belt with avenue plantation on both sides of road and Landscaping lawns area including plantation of herbs & shrubs will be done. Plantations would be of large leaf trees that provide adequate shade and are semi-evergreen to evergreen. The selection of plants will be done after consultation with local forest &

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Horticulture department. Plantation will be help to minimize soil erosion. Landscape deign along the periphery of the project will be facilitate to achieve attenuation factor conforming to Noise & Air standards

3.5 SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT The proposed project will lead to employment generation and will have a positive impact on the socio economic environment. Preference to local population shall be given in employment opportunities. Adequate mitigation measures will be implemented to reduce odor emissions and disease vectors from proposed site which will ultimately make the environmental conditions for a hygienic and better living.

• The project will generate source of income of Mohali Municipal Council. • The project will involve the treatment of municipal solid waste in scientific way without causing environmental problems such as mal odour, health hazard etc.

• Rain water will be harvested which will improve the ground water level.

• Due to coming of the proposed project the surrounding environment will not face any problem related to pollution as appropriate pollution control equipments will be followed.

• During operational phase about 33% of the area will be under plantation so as to rejuvenate the important site feature.

4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME Table: 4.0

S. No. DESCRIPTION FREQUENCY OF MONITORING 1. Meteorological Data Daily 2. Ambient Air Quality in Core Zone Quarterly/ Half Yearly 3. Water Quality Quarterly/ Half Yearly 4. Noise Level Monitoring Quarterly/ Half Yearly 5. Soil Quality Half Yearly/yearly 6. Monitoring of Agricultural crops Yearly 7. Socio – economic status of nearby Yearly area

Greater Mohali Area Development Authority (GMADA) 11 INTEGRATED MS W MANAGEMENT PROJECT FOR GMADA CLUSTER EIA Executive At v illage – Samguli, Tehsil & District – SAS Nagar (Mohali), Punjab Summary

5.0 ADDITIONAL STUDIES The Additional Studies conducted as per the letter No.- SEAC/177-2010-IA,III dated 7th March, 2010 issued by MoEF are Hydro-geological Study, Risk Assessment & Disaster Management. 6.0 PROJECT BENEFITS  The benefits arising from improved scientific solid waste management results in improved environmental and living conditions and public health in the region of this project.

 Excise revenue – the Government will earn substantial amount as excise and tax revenue from the project and hence more development works in the districts can be taken up.

 Overall development of rural areas, new shops, upliftment of locals through small business opportunities and to develop clean and hygienic environment.  Compost- There is significant potential of compost in the nearby market. The compost is sold at a very good price and is found to be very good soil conditioner. The areas for such compost applications are: Agriculture, Landscaping, Horticulture and Plantations, Land restoration programme.

 Recyclable material- The materials like paper, metals, plastic, glass etc. will be segregated first from the waste generated. The segregated waste will then be sold to authorized vendors to minimize the raw material consumption and generate revenue.

 Socio-Economic benefit- Employment generation through the Integrated MSW project, improvement in the ground water level through rain water harvesting, eco-friendly environment because appropriate pollution control equipments will be followed and plantation .  Health benefit-The inadequacies of the SWM system were considered major contributing factors to personal hygiene and public health conditions. The risk of environmental sanitation related diseases would be reduced with properly maintained and functioning SWM, together with increased public awareness on the effects of indiscriminate disposal of wastes into waterways and dumping of rubbish in open areas.

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7.0 MITIGATION MEASURES For the effective implementation of the EMP, an Environmental Management System (EMS) will be established at the proposed project. The EMS will include the following:

 An Environmental Management cell  Environmental Monitoring Program  Personnel Training  Regular Environmental Audits and Corrective Action  Documentation – Standard operating procedures Environmental Management  Plans and other records.  Green Belt development

8.0 RISK ASSESSMENT & DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN For the effective & safe implementation of Municipal Solid Waste Processing project, it is important to identify associated safety hazards and carry out a basic risk assessment; an effective Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan has been proposed as part of EIA report which includes

 Critical aspects including safety culture, training and awareness, relationships and training of contractor staff and many others.  Safety measures, possibility of accidents either due to human errors and/ or due to equipment/ system failure.

 Disaster management and response plan to minimize the adverse impacts due to an unfortunate incident and disaster Management aspects.

9.0 Other Precautionary Measures for overall project management  All the workers handling MSW / RDF will be provided with safety gears such as safety boots, gloves safety glasses and dust masks.

 Air showers shall be provided at selected places.  Storage area to be barricaded to prevent entry of stray animals and unauthorized persons.

 Maintaining buffer zone and plantation around the facility.  The waste will not be stored for more than 24 hours at site.

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 Stockpile height will not exceed 3 meters and will have provision for odor control.  Vehicles carrying solid waste shall be covered.  The container and bins used for collection of wastes will be of closed type to avoid possibility of spreading of disease through flies and mosquitoes.  Collection system will be regularly supervised so that quick removal of waste from the dustbin is practiced.

 The proper cleaning of tipping floor will be done once in 24 hours.  All entry and exit points for trucks and trolleys are air locked with double door systems to maintain odor free atmosphere around and inside the building.

 In order to avoid rodents, the liquid discharge produced by washings (and leachates, if any) will be taken through proper water traps and underground pipes rather than through open drains. 10.0 CONCLUSION All possible environmental aspects have been adequately assessed and necessary control measures have been formulated to meet statutory requirements. Thus implementing the proposed project will not have any appreciable negative impacts. Moreover, the landfill area requirement will reduce significantly as the about 75% to 80% of solid waste will be converted into usable form and only inerts (20-25% ) would be sent for disposal at landfill site. This would save upon the future requirements of area for land filling. Generation of green power would be an added advantage.

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