Some Aspects of Meteoritics Lincoln Lapaz
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Handbook of Iron Meteorites, Volume 3
Sierra Blanca - Sierra Gorda 1119 ing that created an incipient recrystallization and a few COLLECTIONS other anomalous features in Sierra Blanca. Washington (17 .3 kg), Ferry Building, San Francisco (about 7 kg), Chicago (550 g), New York (315 g), Ann Arbor (165 g). The original mass evidently weighed at least Sierra Gorda, Antofagasta, Chile 26 kg. 22°54's, 69°21 'w Hexahedrite, H. Single crystal larger than 14 em. Decorated Neu DESCRIPTION mann bands. HV 205± 15. According to Roy S. Clarke (personal communication) Group IIA . 5.48% Ni, 0.5 3% Co, 0.23% P, 61 ppm Ga, 170 ppm Ge, the main mass now weighs 16.3 kg and measures 22 x 15 x 43 ppm Ir. 13 em. A large end piece of 7 kg and several slices have been removed, leaving a cut surface of 17 x 10 em. The mass has HISTORY a relatively smooth domed surface (22 x 15 em) overlying a A mass was found at the coordinates given above, on concave surface with irregular depressions, from a few em the railway between Calama and Antofagasta, close to to 8 em in length. There is a series of what appears to be Sierra Gorda, the location of a silver mine (E.P. Henderson chisel marks around the center of the domed surface over 1939; as quoted by Hey 1966: 448). Henderson (1941a) an area of 6 x 7 em. Other small areas on the edges of the gave slightly different coordinates and an analysis; but since specimen could also be the result of hammering; but the he assumed Sierra Gorda to be just another of the North damage is only superficial, and artificial reheating has not Chilean hexahedrites, no further description was given. -
Experimental and Petrological Constraints on Lunar Differentiation from the Apollo 15 Green Picritic Glasses
Meteoritics & Planetary Science 38, Nr 4, 515–527(2003) Abstract available online at http://meteoritics.org Experimental and petrological constraints on lunar differentiation from the Apollo 15 green picritic glasses Linda T. ELKINS-TANTON,1* Nilanjan CHATTERJEE,2 and Timothy L. GROVE2 1Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, 02912, USA 2Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA *Corresponding author: [email protected] (Received 15 July 2002; revision accepted 23 September 2002) Abstract–Phase equilibrium experiments on the most magnesian Apollo 15C green picritic glass composition indicate a multiple saturation point with olivine and orthopyroxene at 1520°C and 1.3 GPa (about 260 km depth in the moon). This composition has the highest Mg# of any lunar picritic glass and the shallowest multiple saturation point. Experiments on an Apollo 15A composition indicate a multiple saturation point with olivine and orthopyroxene at 1520°C and 2.2 GPa (about 440 km depth in the moon). The importance of the distinctive compositional trends of the Apollo 15 groups A, B, and C picritic glasses merits the reanalysis of NASA slide 15426,72 with modern electron microprobe techniques. We confirm the compositional trends reported by Delano (1979, 1986) in the major element oxides SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Cr2O3, FeO, MnO, MgO, and CaO, and we also obtained data for the trace elements P2O5, K2O, Na2O, NiO, S, Cu, Cl, Zn, and F. Petrogenetic modeling demonstrates that the Apollo 15 A-B-C glass trends could not have been formed by fractional crystallization or any continuous assimilation/fractional crystallization (AFC) process. -
Chondrule Sizes, We Have Compiled and Provide Commentary on Available Chondrule Dimension Literature Data
Invited review Chondrule size and related physical properties: a compilation and evaluation of current data across all meteorite groups. Jon M. Friedricha,b,*, Michael K. Weisbergb,c,d, Denton S. Ebelb,d,e, Alison E. Biltzf, Bernadette M. Corbettf, Ivan V. Iotzovf, Wajiha S. Khanf, Matthew D. Wolmanf a Department of Chemistry, Fordham University, Bronx, NY 10458 USA b Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024 USA c Department of Physical Sciences, Kingsborough College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11235, USA d Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY 10016 USA e Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964 USA f Fordham College at Rose Hill, Fordham University, Bronx, NY 10458 USA In press in Chemie der Erde – Geochemistry 21 August 2014 *Corresponding Author. Tel: +718 817 4446; fax: +718 817 4432. E-mail address: [email protected] 2 ABSTRACT The examination of the physical properties of chondrules has generally received less emphasis than other properties of meteorites such as their mineralogy, petrology, and chemical and isotopic compositions. Among the various physical properties of chondrules, chondrule size is especially important for the classification of chondrites into chemical groups, since each chemical group possesses a distinct size-frequency distribution of chondrules. Knowledge of the physical properties of chondrules is also vital for the development of astrophysical models for chondrule formation, and for understanding how to utilize asteroidal resources in space exploration. To examine our current knowledge of chondrule sizes, we have compiled and provide commentary on available chondrule dimension literature data. -
Lifetimes of Interstellar Dust from Cosmic Ray Exposure Ages of Presolar Silicon Carbide
Lifetimes of interstellar dust from cosmic ray exposure ages of presolar silicon carbide Philipp R. Hecka,b,c,1, Jennika Greera,b,c, Levke Kööpa,b,c, Reto Trappitschd, Frank Gyngarde,f, Henner Busemanng, Colin Madeng, Janaína N. Ávilah, Andrew M. Davisa,b,c,i, and Rainer Wielerg aRobert A. Pritzker Center for Meteoritics and Polar Studies, The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605; bChicago Center for Cosmochemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637; cDepartment of the Geophysical Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637; dNuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550; ePhysics Department, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130; fCenter for NanoImaging, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139; gInstitute of Geochemistry and Petrology, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland; hResearch School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; and iEnrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 Edited by Mark H. Thiemens, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, and approved December 17, 2019 (received for review March 15, 2019) We determined interstellar cosmic ray exposure ages of 40 large ago. These grains are identified as presolar by their large isotopic presolar silicon carbide grains extracted from the Murchison CM2 anomalies that exclude an origin in the Solar System (13, 14). meteorite. Our ages, based on cosmogenic Ne-21, range from 3.9 ± Presolar stardust grains are the oldest known solid samples 1.6 Ma to ∼3 ± 2 Ga before the start of the Solar System ∼4.6 Ga available for study in the laboratory, represent the small fraction ago. -
Addibischoffite, Ca2al6al6o20, a New Calcium Aluminate Mineral from The
1 Revision 3 2 Addibischoffite, Ca2Al6Al6O20, a new calcium aluminate mineral from 3 the Acfer 214 CH carbonaceous chondrite: A new refractory phase from 4 the solar nebula 5 Chi Ma1,*, Alexander N. Krot2, Kazuhide Nagashima2 6 1Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, 7 Pasadena, California 91125, USA 8 2Hawai‘i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, 9 Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96822, USA 10 11 ABSTRACT 12 Addibischoffite (IMA 2015-006), Ca2Al6Al6O20, is a new calcium aluminate mineral 13 that occurs with hibonite, perovskite, kushiroite, Ti-kushiroite, spinel, melilite, 14 anorthite and FeNi-metal in the core of a Ca-Al-rich inclusion (CAI) in the Acfer 15 214 CH3 carbonaceous chondrite. The mean chemical composition of type 16 addibischoffite by electron probe microanalysis is (wt%) Al2O3 44.63, CaO 15.36, 17 SiO2 14.62, V2O3 10.64, MgO 9.13, Ti2O3 4.70, FeO 0.46, total 99.55, giving rise to 18 an empirical formula of 3+ 3+ 2+ 19 (Ca2.00)(Al2.55Mg1.73V 1.08Ti 0.50Ca0.09Fe 0.05)Σ6.01(Al4.14Si1.86)O20. The general 20 formula is Ca2(Al,Mg,V,Ti)6(Al,Si)6O20. The end-member formula is Ca2Al6Al6O20. 21 Addibischoffite has the P1 aenigmatite structure with a = 10.367 Å, b = 10.756 Å, c 22 = 8.895 Å, α = 106.0°, β = 96.0°, γ = 124.7°, V = 739.7 Å3, and Z = 2, as revealed by 23 electron back-scatter diffraction. The calculated density using the measured 24 composition is 3.41 g/cm3. -
I-Xe Analysis of Enstatite Meteorites and a Eucrite
Testing an integrated chronology: I-Xe analysis of enstatite meteorites and a eucrite Item Type Article; text Authors Busfield, A.; Turner, G.; Gilmour, J. D. Citation Busfield, A., Turner, G., & Gilmour, J. D. (2008). Testing an integrated chronology: IXe analysis of enstatite meteorites and a eucrite. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 43(5), 883-897. DOI 10.1111/j.1945-5100.2008.tb01087.x Publisher The Meteoritical Society Journal Meteoritics & Planetary Science Rights Copyright © The Meteoritical Society Download date 26/09/2021 21:32:45 Item License http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Version Final published version Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/656429 Meteoritics & Planetary Science 43, Nr 5, 883–897 (2008) AUTHOR’S PROOF Abstract available online at http://meteoritics.org Testing an integrated chronology: I-Xe analysis of enstatite meteorites and a eucrite A. BUSFIELD, G. TURNER, and J. D. GILMOUR* School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Science, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK *Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] (Supplementary tables and figures are available online at http://meteoritics.org/online supplements.htm) (Received 06 October 2006; revision accepted 21 November 2007) Abstract–We have determined initial 129I/127I ratios for mineral concentrates of four enstatite meteorites and a eucrite. In the case of the enstatite meteorites the inferred ages are associated with the pyroxene-rich separates giving pyroxene closure ages relative to the Shallowater standard of Indarch (EH4, 0.04 ± 0.67 Ma), Khairpur (EL6, −4.22 ± 0.67 Ma), Khor Temiki (aubrite, −0.06 Ma), and Itqiy (enstatite achondrite, −2.6 ± 2.6 Ma), negative ages indicate closure after Shallowater. -
Petrography and Mineral Chemistry of the Anhydrous Component of the Tagish Lake Carbonaceous Chondrite
Meteoritics & Planetary Science 38, Nr 5, 813–825 (2003) Abstract available online at http://meteoritics.org Petrography and mineral chemistry of the anhydrous component of the Tagish Lake carbonaceous chondrite S. B. SIMON1* and L. GROSSMAN1, 2 1Department of the Geophysical Sciences, 5734 South Ellis Avenue, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA 2The Enrico Fermi Institute, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA *Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] (Received 30 August 2002; revision accepted 16 January 2003) Abstract–Most studies of Tagish Lake have considered features that were either strongly affected by or formed during the extensive hydrous alteration experienced by this meteorite. This has led to some ambiguity as to whether Tagish Lake should be classified a CI, a CM, or something else. Unlike previous workers, we have focused upon the primary, anhydrous component of Tagish Lake, recovered through freeze-thaw disaggregation and density separation and located by thin section mapping. We found many features in common with CMs that are not observed in CIs. In addition to the presence of chondrules and refractory forsterite (which distinguish Tagish Lake from the CIs), we found hibonite-bearing refractory inclusions, spinel-rich inclusions, forsterite aggregates, Cr-, Al-rich spinel, and accretionary mantles on many clasts, which clearly establishes a strong link between Tagish Lake and the CM chondrites. The compositions of isolated olivine crystals in Tagish Lake are also like those found in CMs. We conclude that the anhydrous inclusion population of Tagish Lake was, originally, very much like that of the known CM chondrites and that the inclusions in Tagish Lake are heavily altered, more so than even those in Mighei, which are more heavily altered than those in Murchison. -
Geological Survey Canada
70-66 GEOLOGICAL PAPER 70-66 ., SURVEY OF CANADA DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, MINES AND RESOURCES REVISED CATALOGUE OF THE NATIONAL METEORITE COLLECTION OF CANADA LISTING ACQUISITIONS TO AUGUST 31, 1970 J. A. V. Douglas 1971 Price, 75 cents GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA CANADA PAPER 70-66 REVISED CATALOGUE OF THE NATIONAL METEORITE COLLECTION OF CANADA LISTING ACQUISITIONS TO AUGUST 31, 1970 J. A. V. Douglas DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, MINES AND RESOURCES @)Crown Copyrights reserved Available by mail from Information Canada, Ottawa from the Geological Survey of Canada 601 Booth St., Ottawa and Information Canada bookshops in HALIFAX - 1735 Barrington Street MONTREAL - 1182 St. Catherine Street West OTTAWA - 171 Slater Street TORONTO - 221 Yonge Street WINNIPEG - 499 Portage Avenue VANCOUVER - 657 Granville Street or through your bookseller Price: 75 cents Catalogue No. M44-70-66 Price subject to change without notice Information Canada Ottawa 1971 ABSTRACT A catalogue of the National Meteorite Collection of Canada, published in 1963 listed 242 different meteorite specimens. Since then specimens from 50 a dditional meteorites have been added to the collection and several more specimens have been added to the tektite collection. This report describes all specimens in the collection. REVISED CATALOGUE OF THE NATIONAL METEORITE COLLECTION OF CANADA LISTING ACQUISITIONS TO AUGUST 31, 1970 INTRODUCTION At the beginning of the nineteenth century meteorites were recog nized as unique objects worth preserving in collections. Increasingly they have become such valuable objects for investigation in many fields of scienti fic research that a strong international interest in their conservation and pre servation has developed (c. f. -
Texture, Chemical Composition and Genesis of Schreibersite in Iron Meteorite
Title Texture, Chemical Composition and Genesis of Schreibersite in Iron Meteorite Author(s) Yoshikawa, Masahide; Matsueda, Hiroharu Citation 北海道大学理学部紀要, 23(2), 255-280 Issue Date 1992-08 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/36782 Type bulletin (article) File Information 23-2_p255-280.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP Jour. Fac. Sci ., Hokkaido Univ., Ser. IV, vol. 23, no. 2, Aug., 1992. pp. 255 -280 TEXTURE, CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND GENESIS OF SCHREIBERSITE IN IRON METEORITE by Masahide Yoshikawa* and Hiroharu Matsueda (with 13 text-figures, 9 tables and 3 plates) Abstract Thirteen iron meteorites composed of Hexahedrite, Octahedrite and Ataxite were investigated to estimate their cooling history and origin. They are mainly composed of Fe-Ni metals (kamacite and taenite) with smaller amounts of schreibersite (Fe, Ni)3P and sulfides (troilite and sphalerite) . Schreibersite occurs an idiomorphic and xenomorphic crystals and its mode of occurrence is variable in iron meteorites. Xenomorphic schreibersite is subdivided into 6 types on the basis of their textures and relationships with coexisting minerals. Chemical composition of schreibersite varies from 20 to 40 atom. % Ni with textural types among some iron meteorites with different bulk chemical compositions and even in the same meteorite (e. g. Canyon Diablo), while it does not vary so clear with textural types in ALH - 77263. Schreibersite seems to maintain a local equilibrium with coexisting metal phases. Based on the Fe- Ni- P phase diagram, it is estimated that xenomorphic and coarse-grained schreibersite in Y- 75031 and in DRPA 7S007 were crystallized from stability field of taenite and schreibersite at about SOO°C under rapid diffusion conditions. -
Handbook of Iron Meteorites, Volume 3 (Willow Creek – Wood's Mountian)
Willamette - Willow Creek 1321 Stage four would be the penetration of the atmos Williamstown. See Kenton County phere. However, no remnants of the associated sculpturing (Williamstown) are to be seen today. The fusion crust and heat-affected o:2 zones are all removed by weathering. Immediately after its landing, the external shape of Willamette may have re Willow Creek, Wyoming, U.S.A. sembled that of Morito rather closely. Stage five is the final long-term exposure in the humid 43°26'N, 106° 46'W; about 1,800 m Oregon valley forest during which the deep cavities, partially penetrating and generally perpendicular to the Coarse octahedrite, Og. Bandwidth 1.40±0.25 mm. Partly recrystal topside of the mass, were formed. While no large-scale lized . HV 152±6. texture, such as silicate inclusions, can be considered Group IIIE. 8.76% Ni, about 0.35% P, 16.9 ppm Ga, 36.4 ppm Ge, responsible for the curious corrosion progress, it is possible 0 .05 ppm lr. that the very distinct troilite filaments have aided in the weathering. These lanes of fine-grained troilite, kamacite HISTORY and taenite would probably provide easy diffusion paths A mass of 112.5 pounds (51 kg) was found by John studded with electrochemical cells and with dilute sulfuric Forbes of Arminto, Wyoming, near Willow Creek, Natrona acid from decomposed troilite, where the kamacite phase County, about 1914. For a long time it was in the would provide the anodic areas and dissolve first. The final possession of the Forbes family, but in 1934 the meteorite product, the deeply carved Willamette mass, must, however, be seen to be believed. -
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Seven Shock-transformed Hexahedrites, Sensitive to Grainboundary Corrosion V. F. Buchwald Department of Metallurgy, Technical University, Lyngby, Denmark Z. Naturforsch. 35a, 361-369 (1980); received January 21, 1980* Dedicated to Professor II. Hintenberger on the occasion of his 70th birthday. Seven polycrystalline iron meteorites (Forsyth County, Holland's Store, Wathena, Pima Co., Chico Mountains, Kopjes Vlei and Mejillones), of bulk composition as normal hexahedrites of group 11 A, are shown to be severely altered hexahedrites. Mic-roprobe examination and various heat treatments of synthetic alloys support the conclusion that the meteorites after a primary slow cooling were subjected to shock-reheating above 800°C. Thereby the following transforma- tions took place a-^-y—>a2—>a, and an unequilibrated structure, very sensitive to grain-boundary corrosion was formed. Introduction Table 1. Weight and bulk composition of the seven polv- crystalline iron meteorites. Other important elements are The last ten years have seen a very significant iron (about 93%), cobalt (0.5%) and sulfur (0.1%). progress with respect to understanding the structure Weight percent PPm and composition of iron meteorites. The efforts in analysing for main and trace elements have resulted kg Ni P Ga Ge Ir in a classification system [1, 2] that may form the Forsyth basis for all further discussions. Mass-spectrometric County 23 5.54 0.21 60 176 31 work [3, 4] has provided valuable insight in the Holland's Store 12.5 5.35 0.25 61 184 20 isotopic composition and the content of noble gases, Wathena 0.57 5.54 0.27 60 184 7.0 data which allow us among other things to deduce Pima the age of meteorites, and the intensity of the cosmic County 0.21 5.60 0.25 60 181 8.9 Chico' radiation. -
Proceedings of the United States National Museum
PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 107 Washington : 1958 No. 3388 STUDIES OF SEVEN SIDERITES By Edward P. Henderson and Stuart H. Perry Introduction These seven descriptions are some of the investigations the authors made between 1940 and 1956. Some of these observations formed the background study to U. S. National Museum Bulletin 184, by S. H. Perry, published in 1944. After that volume was published, a limited number of albums of photomicrographs on non meteorites with interpretations were also privately published by S. H. Perr^^ and given a limited distribution. These nine volumes are now available in the following mstitutions: American Museum of Natural History; Chicago Museum of Natmal History; Mineralogical Museum, Harvard University; U. S. National Musemn; Mineralogical Museum, Uni- versity of Michigan; and British Museum (Natural History). During these studies our findings sometimes differed from the data that others had published on the same meteorites, and we suggested that a reexamination should be made. The divergences were found in the descriptions of specimens, chemical analyses, the assignment of types and the identifications of conspicuous minerals. 339 340 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIOlSrAL MUSEUM vol. 107 Some of these findings confirm data published b}'- others and some correct errors in earlier descriptions. Two of the studies are descrip- tions of undescribed irons. The undescribed meteorites are the Goose Lake, California, and the Keen Mountain, Virginia, irons. The former was found in 1938, and although it had been pictured in several publications, its unique surface features were not described properly. The Keen Mountain iron was found in 1950 and is not as well known.