The Influence of the Grain Boundary Structure on Diffusional Creep
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Quartz Grainsize Evolution During Dynamic Recrystallization Across a Natural Shear Zone Boundary
Journal of Structural Geology 109 (2018) 120–126 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Structural Geology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jsg Quartz grainsize evolution during dynamic recrystallization across a natural T shear zone boundary ∗ Haoran Xia , John P. Platt Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0740, USA ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Although it is widely accepted that grainsize reduction by dynamic recrystallization can lead to strain locali- Dynamic recrystallization zation, the details of the grainsize evolution during dynamic recrystallization remain unclear. We investigated Bulge the bulge size and grainsizes of quartz at approximately the initiation and the completion stages of bulging Subgrain recrystallization across the upper boundary of a 500 m thick mylonite zone above the Vincent fault in the San Grainsize evolution Gabriel Mountains, southern California. Within uncertainty, the average bulge size of quartz, 4.7 ± 1.5 μm, is Vincent fault the same as the recrystallized grainsize, 4.5 ± 1.5 μm, at the incipient stage of dynamic recrystallization, and also the same within uncertainties as the recrystallized grainsize when dynamic recrystallization is largely complete, 4.7 ± 1.3 μm. These observations indicate that the recrystallized grainsize is controlled by the nu- cleation process and does not change afterwards. It is also consistent with the experimental finding that the quartz recrystallized grainsize paleopiezometer is independent of -
Using Grain Boundary Irregularity to Quantify Dynamic Recrystallization in Ice
Acta Materialia 209 (2021) 116810 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Acta Materialia journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/actamat Using grain boundary irregularity to quantify dynamic recrystallization in ice ∗ Sheng Fan a, , David J. Prior a, Andrew J. Cross b,c, David L. Goldsby b, Travis F. Hager b, Marianne Negrini a, Chao Qi d a Department of Geology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand b Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States c Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, United States d Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Dynamic recrystallization is an important mechanical weakening mechanism during the deformation of Received 24 December 2020 ice, yet we currently lack robust quantitative tools for identifying recrystallized grains in the “migration” Revised 7 March 2021 recrystallization regime that dominates ice deformation at temperatures close to the ice melting point. Accepted 10 March 2021 Here, we propose grain boundary irregularity as a quantitative means for discriminating between recrys- Available online 15 March 2021 tallized (high sphericity, low irregularity) and remnant (low sphericity, high irregularity) grains. To this Keywords: end, we analysed cryogenic electron backscatter diffraction (cryo-EBSD) data of deformed polycrystalline High-temperature deformation ice, to quantify dynamic recrystallization using grain boundary irregularity statistics. Grain boundary ir- Grain boundary irregularity regularity has an inverse relationship with a sphericity parameter, , defined as the ratio of grain area Dynamic recrystallization and grain perimeter, divided by grain radius in 2-D so that the measurement is grain size independent. -
Grain Boundary Loops in Graphene
Grain Boundary Loops in Graphene Eric Cockayne,1§ Gregory M. Rutter,2,3 Nathan P. Guisinger,3* Jason N. Crain,3 Phillip N. First,2 and Joseph A. Stroscio3§ 1Ceramics Division, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 2School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 3Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 Topological defects can affect the physical properties of graphene in unexpected ways. Harnessing their influence may lead to enhanced control of both material strength and electrical properties. Here we present a new class of topological defects in graphene composed of a rotating sequence of dislocations that close on themselves, forming grain boundary loops that either conserve the number of atoms in the hexagonal lattice or accommodate vacancy/interstitial reconstruction, while leaving no unsatisfied bonds. One grain boundary loop is observed as a “flower” pattern in scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) studies of epitaxial graphene grown on SiC(0001). We show that the flower defect has the lowest energy per dislocation core of any known topological defect in graphene, providing a natural explanation for its growth via the coalescence of mobile dislocations. §Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed:[email protected], [email protected] * Present address: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 1 I. Introduction The symmetry of the graphene honeycomb lattice is a key element for determining many of graphene's unique electronic properties. The sub-lattice symmetry of graphene gives rise to its low energy electronic structure, which is characterized by linear energy-momentum dispersion.1 The spinor-like eigenstates of graphene lead to one of its celebrated properties, reduced backscattering (i.e., high carrier mobility), which results from pseudo-spin conservation in scattering within a smooth disorder potential.2,3 Topological lattice defects break the sublattice symmetry, allowing insight into the fundamental quantum properties of graphene. -
Grain Boundary Phases in Bcc Metals
Nanoscale Grain boundary phases in bcc metals Journal: Nanoscale Manuscript ID NR-ART-01-2018-000271.R1 Article Type: Paper Date Submitted by the Author: 06-Mar-2018 Complete List of Authors: Frolov, Timofey; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Setyawan, Wahyu; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Kurtz, Richard; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Marian, Jaime ; University of California Los Angeles Oganov, Artem; Stony Brook University Rudd, Robert; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Zhu, Qiang; University of Nevada Las Vegas Page 1 of 34 Nanoscale Grain boundary phases in bcc metals T. Frolov,1 W. Setyawan,2 R. J. Kurtz,2 J. Marian,3 A. R. Oganov,4, ∗ R. E. Rudd,1 and Q. Zhu5 1Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA 2Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P. O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA 3Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA 4Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA 5Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Pressure Science and Engineering Center, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA Abstract We report a computational discovery of novel grain boundary structures and multiple grain boundary phases in elemental body-centered cubic (bcc) metals represented by tungsten, tantalum and molybde- num. While grain boundary structures created by the γ-surface method as a union of two perfect half crystals have been studied extensively, it is known that the method has limitations and does not always predict the correct ground states. Here, we use a newly developed computational tool, based on evolu- tionary algorithms, to perform a grand-canonical search of a high-angle symmetric tilt and twist bound- aries in tungsten, and we find new ground states and multiple phases that cannot be described using the conventional structural unit model. -
Grain Boundary Properties of Elemental Metals
Acta Materialia 186 (2020) 40–49 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Acta Materialia journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/actamat Full length article Grain boundary properties of elemental metals Hui Zheng a,1, Xiang-Guo Li a,1, Richard Tran a, Chi Chen a, Matthew Horton b, ∗ Donald Winston b, Kristin Aslaug Persson b,c, Shyue Ping Ong a, a Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, Mail Code 0448, La Jolla, CA 92093-0448, United States b Energy Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States c Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1760, United States a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: The structure and energy of grain boundaries (GBs) are essential for predicting the properties of polycrys- Received 26 July 2019 talline materials. In this work, we use high-throughput density functional theory calculations workflow Revised 13 December 2019 to construct the Grain Boundary Database (GBDB), the largest database of DFT-computed grain boundary Accepted 14 December 2019 properties to date. The database currently encompasses 327 GBs of 58 elemental metals, including 10 Available online 19 December 2019 common twist or symmetric tilt GBs for body-centered cubic (bcc) and face-centered cubic (fcc) systems Keywords: and the 7 [0 0 01] twist GB for hexagonal close-packed (hcp) systems. In particular, we demonstrate a Grain boundary novel scaled-structural template approach for HT GB calculations, which reduces the computational cost DFT of converging GB structures by a factor of ~ 3–6. -
The Dislocation Behaviour and GND Development in Nickel Based Superalloy During Creep
The Dislocation Behaviour and GND Development in Nickel Based Superalloy during Creep Soran Birosca1, Gang Liu1, Rengen Ding2, Cathie Rae3, Jun Jiang4,5, Ben Britton5, Chris Deen6, Mark Whittaker1 1 Institute of Structural Materials, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Bay Campus, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK. 2 School of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK. 3 Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK. 4 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK 5 Department of Materials, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK 6 Rolls-Royce plc, PO Box 31, Derby, DE24 8BJ, UK. Abstract In the current study, dislocation activity and storage during creep deformation in a nickel based superalloy (Waspaloy) was investigated, focussing on the storage of geometrically necessary (GND) and statistically stored (SSD) dislocations. Two methods of GND density calculations were used, namely; EBSD Hough Transformation and HR-EBSD Cross Correlation based methods. The storage of dislocations, including SSDs, was investigated by means of TEM imaging. Here, the concept of GND accumulation in soft and hard grains and the effect of neighbouring grain orientation on total dislocation density was examined. Furthermore, the influence of applied stress (below and above Waspaloy yield stress) during creep on deformation micro-mechanism and dislocation density was studied. It was demonstrated that soft grains provided pure shear conditions at least on two octahedral (111) slips for easy dislocation movement reaching the grain boundary without significant geometrically necessary accumulation in the centre of the grain. -
Mechanisms Governing the Creep Behavior of High Temperature Alloys for Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems
Project No. 09-776 Mechanisms Governing the Creep Behavior of High Temperature Alloys for Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems Reactor Concepts Dr. Vi jay K. Vasudevan University of Cincinnati In collaboration with: Idaho National Laboratory Oak Ridge National Laboratory Sue Lesica, Federal ROC Laura Carroll, Technical ROC Final Report Project Title: Mechanisms Governing the Creep Behavior of High Temperature Alloys for Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems Covering Period: October 1, 2009 - March 31, 2014 Date of Report: April 3, 2015 Recipient: Name: University of Cincinnati Street: 2600 Clifton Ave. City: Cincinnati State: Ohio Zip: 45221 Contract Number: 88635 Project Number: 09-776 Principal Investigator: Vijay K. Vasudevan - (513) 556-3103 - vijay. [email protected] Xingshuo Wen (PhD student); Behrang Poorganji (Postdoctoral Fellow) Collaborators: Laura J. Carroll, T.L. Sham Project Objective: This research project, which includes collaborators from INL and ORNL, focuses on the study of alloy 617 and alloy 800H that are candidates for applications as intermediate heat exchangers in GEN IV nuclear reactors, with an emphasis on the effects of grain size, grain boundaries and second phases on the creep properties; the mechanisms of dislocation creep, diffusional creep and cavitation; the onset of tertiary creep; and theoretical modeling for long-term predictions of materials behavior and for high temperature alloy design. TPOCs: [email protected] Federal reviewers: [email protected] 1 T a b l e o f C o n t e n t s Section Page -
Indentation-Based Characterization of Creep and Hardness Behavior of Magnesium Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites at Room Temperature
This is a repository copy of Indentation-based characterization of creep and hardness behavior of magnesium carbon nanotube nanocomposites at room temperature. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/149671/ Version: Supplemental Material Article: Thornby, J, Verma, D, Cochrane, R et al. (4 more authors) (2019) Indentation-based characterization of creep and hardness behavior of magnesium carbon nanotube nanocomposites at room temperature. SN Applied Sciences, 1 (7). ARTN: 695. ISSN 2523-3963 https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-019-0696-9 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019. This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in SN Applied Sciences. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-019-0696-9 Reuse Items deposited in White Rose Research Online are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved unless indicated otherwise. They may be downloaded and/or printed for private study, or other acts as permitted by national copyright laws. The publisher or other rights holders may allow further reproduction and re-use of the full text version. This is indicated by the licence information on the White Rose Research Online record for the item. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Indentation-Based Characterization of Creep and Hardness Behavior of Magnesium Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites at Room Temperature J. -
The Viscosities of Partially Molten Materials Undergoing Diffusion Creep
The viscosities of partially molten materials undergoing diffusion creep John F. Rudge Bullard Laboratories, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge December 10, 2018 Abstract Partially molten materials resist shearing and compaction. This resistance is described by a fourth-rank effective viscosity tensor. When the tensor is isotropic, two scalars determine the resistance: an effective shear and an effective bulk viscosity. Here, calculations are presented of the effective viscosity tensor during diffusion creep for a 2D tiling of hexagonal unit cells and a 3D tessellation of tetrakaidecahedrons (truncated octahedrons). The geometry of the melt is determined by assuming textural equilibrium. The viscosity tensor for the 2D tiling is isotropic, but that for the 3D tessellation is anisotropic. Two parameters control the effect of melt on the viscosity tensor: the porosity and the dihedral angle. Calculations for both Nabarro-Herring (volume diffusion) and Coble (surface diffusion) creep are presented. For Nabarro-Herring creep the bulk viscosity becomes singular as the porosity vanishes. This singularity is logarithmic, a weaker singularity than typically assumed in geodynamic models. The presence of a small amount of melt (0.1% porosity) causes the effective shear viscosity to approximately halve. For Coble creep, previous modelling work has argued that a very small amount of melt may lead to a substantial, factor of 5, drop in the shear viscosity. Here, a much smaller, factor of 1.4, drop is obtained for tetrakaidecahedrons. Owing to a Cauchy relation symmetry, the Coble creep bulk viscosity is a constant multiple of the shear viscosity when melt is present. 1 Introduction Dynamical models are often highly dependent on assumptions about the rheology of the material being deformed. -
Dislocation Creep: Climb and Glide in the Lattice Continuum
Article Dislocation Creep: Climb and Glide in the Lattice Continuum Sinisa Dj. Mesarovic School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; [email protected] Received: 9 June 2017; Accepted: 31 July 2017; Published: 4 August 2017 Abstract: A continuum theory for high temperature creep of polycrystalline solids is developed. It includes the relevant deformation mechanisms for diffusional and dislocation creep: elasticity with eigenstrains resulting from vacancy diffusion, dislocation climb and glide, and the lattice growth/loss at the boundaries enabled by diffusion. All the deformation mechanisms are described with respect to the crystalline lattice, so that the continuum formulation with lattice motion as the basis is necessary. However, dislocation climb serves as the source sink of lattice sites, so that the resulting continuum has a sink/source of its fundamental component, which is reflected in the continuity equation. Climb as a sink/source also affects the diffusion part of the problem, but the most interesting discovery is the climb-glide interaction. The loss/creation of lattice planes through climb affects the geometric definition of crystallographic slip and necessitates the definition of two slip fields: the true slip and the effective slip. The former is the variable on which the dissipative power is expanded during dislocation glide and is thus, the one that must enter the glide constitutive equations. The latter describes the geometry of the slip affected by climb, and is necessary for kinematic analysis. Keywords: dislocation climb; lattice sink; vacancy sink; continuum with a material sink; climb-glide interaction 1. Introduction At high temperatures, polycrystalline solids exhibit creep—a slow, phenomenologically viscous flow. -
Short-Term Creep Behavior of an Additive Manufactured Non-Weldable Nickel-Base Superalloy Evaluated by Slow Strain Rate Testing
Acta Materialia 179 (2019) 142e157 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Acta Materialia journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/actamat Full length article Short-term creep behavior of an additive manufactured non-weldable Nickel-base superalloy evaluated by slow strain rate testing * Jinghao Xu a, Hans Gruber b, Dunyong Deng a, Ru Lin Peng a, Johan J. Moverare a, a Division of Engineering Materials, Department of Management and Engineering, Linkoping€ University, Linkoping,€ SE-58183, Sweden b Division of Materials and Manufacture, Department of Industrial and Materials Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, SE-41296, Sweden article info abstract Article history: Additive manufacturing (AM) of high g0 strengthened Nickel-base superalloys, such as IN738LC, is of high Received 1 July 2019 interest for applications in hot section components for gas turbines. The creep property acts as the Received in revised form critical indicator of component performance under load at elevated temperature. However, it has been 18 August 2019 widely suggested that the suitable service condition of AM processed IN738LC is not yet fully clear. In Accepted 19 August 2019 order to evaluate the short-term creep behavior, slow strain rate tensile (SSRT) tests were performed. Available online 20 August 2019 IN738LC bars were built by laser powder-bed-fusion (L-PBF) and then subjected to hot isostatic pressing (HIP) followed by the standard two-step heat treatment. The samples were subjected to SSRT testing at Keywords: À5 À6 À7 Nickel-base superalloy 850 C under strain rates of 1 Â 10 /s, 1 Â 10 /s, and 1 Â 10 /s. In this research, the underlying creep Laser processing deformation mechanism of AM processed IN738LC is investigated using the serial sectioning technique, Creep electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM). -
The Role of Pressure Solution Creep in the Ductility of the Earth's
The role of pressure solution creep in the ductility of the earth’s upper crust Jean-Pierre Gratier, Dag Dysthe, Francois Renard To cite this version: Jean-Pierre Gratier, Dag Dysthe, Francois Renard. The role of pressure solution creep in the ductility of the earth’s upper crust. Advances in Geophysics, Elsevier, 2013, 54, pp.47-179. 10.1016/B978-0- 12-380940-7.00002-0. insu-00799131 HAL Id: insu-00799131 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00799131 Submitted on 11 Mar 2013 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. 1 The role of pressure solution creep in the ductility of the Earth’s upper crust Jean-Pierre Gratier1, Dag K. Dysthe2,3, and François Renard1,2 1Institut des Sciences de la Terre, Observatoire, CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier-Grenoble I, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble, France 2Physics of Geological Processes, University of Oslo, Norway 3Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique, BP 87, 38041 Grenoble, France The aim of this review is to characterize the role of pressure solution creep in the ductility of the Earth’s upper crust and to describe how this creep mechanism competes and interacts with other deformation mechanisms.