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International Comparison of Ten Medical Regulatory Systems: Egypt THE ARTS This PDF document was made available from www.rand.org as a public CHILD POLICY service of the RAND Corporation. CIVIL JUSTICE EDUCATION ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT Jump down to document6 HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit research NATIONAL SECURITY POPULATION AND AGING organization providing objective analysis and effective PUBLIC SAFETY solutions that address the challenges facing the public SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY and private sectors around the world. 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Reports may include research findings on a specific topic that is limited in scope; present discus- sions of the methodology employed in research; provide literature reviews, survey instruments, modeling exercises, guidelines for practitioners and research profes- sionals, and supporting documentation; or deliver preliminary findings. All RAND reports undergo rigorous peer review to ensure that they meet high standards for re- search quality and objectivity. International Comparison of Ten Medical Regulatory Systems Egypt, Germany, Greece, India, Italy, Nigeria, Pakistan, Poland, South Africa and Spain Han de Vries, Paul Sanderson, Barbara Janta, Lila Rabinovich, Fragiskos Archontakis, Sharif Ismail, Lisa Klautzer, Sonja Marjanovic, Bhanu Patruni, Samir Puri, Jan Tiessen Prepared for the UK General Medical Council EUROPE The study does not necessarily reflect the opinions and views of the UK General Medical Council nor is it bound by its conclusions. The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit research organization providing objective analysis and effective solutions that address the challenges facing the public and private sectors around the world. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. R® is a registered trademark. © Copyright 2009 UK General Medical Council All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from the UK General Medical Council. Published 2009 by the RAND Corporation 1776 Main Street, P.O. Box 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138 1200 South Hayes Street, Arlington, VA 22202-5050 4570 Fifth Avenue, Suite 600, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-2665 Westbrook Centre, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 1YG, United Kingdom RAND URL: http://www.rand.org RAND Europe URL: http://www.rand.org/randeurope To order RAND documents or to obtain additional information, contact Distribution Services: Telephone: (310) 451-7002; Fax: (310) 451-6915; Email: [email protected] Preface This study was commissioned by the General Medical Council (GMC) to provide an evidence base on the systems of medical regulation in place in the countries of origin of doctors seeking to enter the UK and obtain registration to practise. The countries selected for analysis by the GMC are the countries of origin of the ten largest groups of non-UK qualified doctors registered in the UK: Egypt, Germany, Greece, India, Italy, Nigeria, Pakistan, Poland, South Africa and Spain. RAND Europe is an independent not-for-profit policy research organisation that aims to improve policy and decision making in the public interest, through research and analysis. RAND Europe’s clients include European governments, institutions, NGOs and firms with a need for rigorous, independent, multidisciplinary analysis. This report has been peer-reviewed in accordance with RAND’s quality assurance standards. For more information about RAND Europe or this document, please contact Lila Rabinovich. RAND Europe Westbrook Centre Milton Road Cambridge CB4 1YG United Kingdom Tel. +44 (1223) 353 329 iii Contents Preface ........................................................................................................................ iii List of Figures .............................................................................................................. ix List of Tables ............................................................................................................... xi Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................xiii Glossary ......................................................................................................... 1 Executive summary ..................................................................................................... 5 CHAPTER 1 Introduction ................................................................................... 15 1.1 Objective of this study ..................................................................................... 15 1.2 Motivation and Background ............................................................................ 16 1.3 Research Questions ......................................................................................... 18 1.4 Structure of the report ..................................................................................... 18 CHAPTER 2 Research approach ......................................................................... 21 2.1 Development of a Typology of Medical Regulation ......................................... 21 2.2 Data collection: Literature review and key informant interviews ...................... 22 2.3 Comparative analysis ....................................................................................... 22 2.4 Conclusions and recommendations ................................................................. 23 CHAPTER 3 Medical regulation in Egypt ........................................................... 25 3.1 Overview ......................................................................................................... 25 3.2 Structure and nature of medical regulation ...................................................... 26 3.3 Registration process and requirements ............................................................. 29 3.4 Standards & ethics .......................................................................................... 29 3.5 Fitness to practise (FTP) and related disciplinary procedures and sanctions ......................................................................................................... 30 3.6 Medical education ........................................................................................... 32 3.7 Continuing education and revalidation............................................................ 33 CHAPTER 4 Medical regulation in Germany ...................................................... 37 4.1 Overview ......................................................................................................... 37 4.2 Structure and nature of medical regulation ...................................................... 37 4.3 Registration process and requirements ............................................................. 40 v RAND Europe 4.4 Standards & ethics ........................................................................................... 42 4.5 Fitness to practise and related disciplinary procedures and sanctions ................ 45 4.6 Medical education ........................................................................................... 48 CHAPTER 5 Medical regulation in Greece.......................................................... 51 5.1 Overview ......................................................................................................... 51 5.2 Structure and nature of medical regulation ...................................................... 51 5.3 Registration process and requirements ............................................................. 54 5.4 Revalidation .................................................................................................... 55 5.5 Standards & ethics ........................................................................................... 56 5.6 Fitness to practise (FTP) and related disciplinary procedures and sanctions .......................................................................................................... 57 5.7 Medical education ........................................................................................... 59 CHAPTER 6 Medical regulation in India ............................................................ 61 6.1 Overview ......................................................................................................... 61 6.2 Structure and nature of medical regulation ...................................................... 61 6.3 Registration process and requirements ............................................................
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