Islamic History Month Canada

ISLAMIC HISTORY MONTH BANGLADESH

India Myanmar

Bay of Bengal

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02 Islamic History Month Canada

ISLAMIC HISTORY MONTH Editorial CANADA

Canada is a multicultural country that recognizes the value and dignity of all Canadians regardless of race, ethnicity, language and religion. The diversity of its composition is one of the major strengths of this country that sets Canada apart from most other nations.

Islamic History month is a unique opportunity to celebrate, inform, educate, and share with fellow Canadians the Islamic achievements and contributions to global civilization over the last 1,400 years.

As Canadians of Bangladeshi origin, it is an occasion for us to demonstrate how the message of Islam spread in Bangladesh and how it enriched the lives of the diverse people in the Indian-subcontinent.

Islam arrived in Bangladesh through seafaring Arab merchants and Sufis of spiritual orders, perhaps before any other part of India. Given that India has been an enormously plural society with its different languages, cultures and religions, the traders and Sufis found opportunity to expose their beliefs and practices to the people they came to contact with. Gradually their soft appeal, good nature and moral integrity attracted many to accept their religion and way of life—Islam. Gradually, through peaceful means, Islam became adopted by more and more people in the Bengal region, rooting itself into the hearts and minds of countless people crossing several generations into the present times.

Islam’s spiritual disposition was not just limited to the religious domain alone; as the message of Islam spread throughout the Indian subcontinent; Islamic influences could be seen in many other aspects of Bangladeshi society, including the arts, architecture, music, cuisine, fashion and literature.

Thanks to the efforts of early pioneers and their successors today Bangladesh is not only the third largest Muslim country in the world (population wise), Muslims of Bangladesh have now spread across the world, being proud of their faith, culture and heritage.

Just as the history Islam in Bangladesh has been peaceful, so too has been the settlement and adaptation of Bangladeshi Muslims in Canada. Bangladeshi Muslims have managed to be integrated themselves well within the social fabrics of Canada, contributing to its economy and enriching its cultural diversity. Our 5th October exhibition at the Islamic Institute of Toronto will exhibit the Islamic heritage of Bangladeshi Muslims.

We now take this opportunity in advance to thank all visitors, event organizers, supporters, speakers and everyone associated with the event and making it a success. This booklet aims to provide information about the event along with articles on selected topics. We hope you will find this booklet informative and insightful as much as the event itself.

The ideas expressed in the articles are those of the author’s only and do not necessarily reflect the opinions and values held by the organizers of the event or the editor.

03 RhythmIslamic History Night Month 2019 Canada

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Message

From Dr Abdullah Hakim Quick ISLAMIC HISTORY MONTH IN CANADA

October 2019, presents another opportunity for the Muslim community of Canada to highlight its rich heritage and its important contributions to Canadian society. Islamic History Month (IHMC) is not only a chance for our youth to understand the diversity of Canadian culture but also time to send a clear message to those who believe in hatred and xenophobia, that in the 21st Century, knowledge and open mindedness are the keys to ensuring a peaceful co-existence for all people.

IHMC is also a means of building bridges and providing hope for a united Canada. Through healthy, innovative interactions, Canadians can see the Muslim Community as the positive, hard working members of society that they have always been. Since the Dominion of Canada in 1871, Muslims have given their sweat, toil and sometimes lives to enrich these lands and build a viable home in North America.

Therefore, on behalf of the Islamic Institute of Toronto (I.I.T.) and the Canadian Council of Imams (CCI), I take this opportunity to congratulate Canada for bringing Muslim History and Heritage to the forefront and providing a way to clear up misunderstanding and foster harmony and peace.

Dr Abdullah Hakim Quick Senior Scholar at the I.I.T. Outreach Coordinator for the C.C.I. Author of Deeper Roots: Muslims in the Americas and the Caribbean before Columbus

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Islamic Heritage Month

October 2019

WHEREAS Islamic Heritage Month provides us an opportunity to learn about the rich Islamic history and culture within our city.

During Islamic Heritage Month we are reminded of the many contributions that Muslims have made to the economic, political, social and cultural fabric of our city.

Residents across the city are encouraged to learn more about Islam and to participate in activities throughout the month that celebrate our city's Muslim community.

The City of Toronto acknowledges the valued contributions that the Muslim community of Toronto has made to strengthen our society and contribute to our city's motto "Diversity Our Strength". Diversity strengthens us socially, politically, culturally and economically, and as one of the world’s most multicultural cities, Toronto has become a model city where all religions, faiths and beliefs are respected and accepted.

NOW THEREFORE, I, Mayor John Tory, on behalf of Toronto City Council, do hereby proclaim October 2019 as "Islamic Heritage Month" in the City of Toronto.

John Tory Mayor of Toronto

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08 Islamic History Month Canada

ADVENT OF ISLAM IN BANGLADESH By Muhammad Mojlum Khan*

Introduction and Persian traders played a very significant role in the According to the historians, Islam came into contact development of the Muslim community in the with the coastal regions of the subcontinent during the province. They paved the way for the Sufis and seventh century. This process was intensified during preachers to emerge and disseminate Islam across leadership of Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab (r. 634 to north-eastern India, especially in present-day 644CE), and that of his successor, Caliph Uthman ibn Bangladesh and West Bengal. The early Sufis or Affan (r. 644 to 656CE). As such, it is not true that the preachers of Islam were educated, tolerant and Muslim expedition to India took place only by land. enlightened individuals who championed knowledge, This was preceded by naval expeditions to Debul learning and scholarship under the patronage of (Daybul) during the time of Caliph Uthman. In other Muslim rulers during the Sultanate and Mughal rule in words, Muhammad ibn al-Qasim’s successful Bengal. In so doing they became the harbingers of conquest of the Indian province of Sind and its social, economic, intellectual and cultural progress neighbouring territories in across the region, inspiring the rulers and the ruled, 711CE was rich and the poor, preceded by men and women, Muslim naval Muslims and expeditions to non-Muslims alike. Debul during the mid-seventh Some notable early century. Sufis who propagated the Likewise, Islam message of Islam in had reached Bengal included Bengal long Baba Adam Shahid, before Shah Muhammad Muhammad ibn Sultan Rumi, Shah Bakhtiyar Dawlah Shahid, Khalji’s Shah Mahmud excursion into that region in the beginning of the Ghaznavi, Shaykh Jalal al-Din Tabrizi, Sharf al-Din thirteenth century. The discovery of two coins Abu Tawwamah, Sharf al-Din Yahya al-Maneri, issued by the early Abbasid Caliphs in Paharpur in Hazrat Shah Jalal and Khan Jahan. Below is a brief Rajshahi and Mainamati in Comilla has confirmed overview of their lives and contributions for the this. This shows that the Muslim traders and benefit of everyone. businessmen have been visiting different parts of Bengal during the second and third century of Hijrah According to tradition, Baba Adam Shahid was one of (eighth and ninth century CE), if not earlier. The the early Sufis to come to Bengal from Makkah to arrival of the Muslim traders and merchants to the propagate his faith in the subcontinent. Accompanied coastal regions of the subcontinent in general and by several thousand followers, he settled in Vikrampur Bengal in particular subsequently paved the way for in Munshiganj, not far from modern Dhaka (capital of the Sufis and other Muslim missionaries to move into Bangladesh), where he fought the local Hindu ruler, different parts of Bengal in order to disseminate the King Ballalasena, in order to establish his presence in message of Islam across that region. Bengal. There is a grave at Rampal which is said to be that of Baba Adam Shahid, although this is disputed by other historians. Like Baba Adam Shahid, Shah Notable Early Sufis of Bengal Muhammad Sultan Rumi was another early Sufi According to the historians of Bengal, the early Arab

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preacher in Bengal. According to a document dated disseminator of Islam in northern Bengal. This great back to 1671, he came to Bengal in the pre-Muslim scholar is often confused with Shah Jalal, thanks to period and settled in Madanpur in 1053. Renowned for Ibn Battutah’s claim that he had met Shaykh Jalal his asceticism and spirituality, the local ruler offered al-Tabrizi. Actually he had met Shah Jalal in Sylhet in him a large plot of land as a gift; this area became 1346 and not Shaykh Jalal al-Din Tabrizi, who was, known as Madanpur. Today he lies buried in a village according to most scholars, at least thirty-five years located in the district of Mymensingh, Bangladesh. older than Shah Jalal of Sylhet. In fact, Jalal al-Din Shah Dawlah Shahid was a descendant of Mu’adh ibn Tabrizi died a hundred years before the death of Shah Jabal, a prominent companion of the Prophet (peace Jalal. This means, Shah Jalal and Jalal al-Din Tabrizi be on him), although the historians have not been able were two different individuals, the former established to verify this claim. Originally from Yemen, he came his centre in Sylhet (located in present-day to Bengal as a preacher and settled near Shahzadpur in Bangladesh) while the latter was based in Deotala (in Pabna district. He helped establish Islam there and northern Bengal); as such they could not have been was buried by his nephew near a mosque in one and the same person. Shahzadpur and, as expected, his shrine continues to attract visitors to this day.

According to one account, Shah Dawlah was a student of Shaykh Shams al-Din Tabrizi, the spiritual mentor of Mawlana Jalal al-Din Rumi, a famous Muslim poet and spiritual figure. As his name suggests, Shah Mahmud Ghaznavi, hailed from Ghazna (in modern Afghanistan) and he lived during the early part of the thirteenth century. He arrived in Mangalkot in the district of Burdwan (in the Indian State of West Bengal) as a preacher. He was instrumental in the Sharf al-Din Abu Tawwamah was another great ousting of King Vikram Kesari, the oppressive local preacher in Bengal who hailed from Bukhara (in ruler, and established himself there with his band of modern Uzbekistan) and was educated in the province followers. According to one historian, ‘Shaikh Jalal of Khurasan where he became renowned for his al-Din Tabrizi was the most celebrated of the early learning, spiritual attainments and piety. After saints in Bengal. It was his missionary zeal and great mastering both the exoteric (zahiri) and esoteric spiritualism that accounted for the spread of Islam and (batini) sciences of Islam, he moved to Delhi during the development of the Muslim community in North the reign of Sultan Ghiyath al-Din Balban where he Bengal in the early days of the Muslim rule in this became renowned for his profound learning and province. Indeed by his piety, ideal character and spiritual attainments. Widely considered to be a humanitarian service, Shaikh Jalal al-Din Tabrizi left pioneer of Islam in this part of East Bengal, he such profound impression on the minds of the people established his Sufi centre in Sonargaon (near and morals of the society that his memory has forever present-day Dhaka) and propagated the faith been enshrined in the hearts of the millions of the throughout that area. One of his most celebrated Bengali people.’ students included Sharf al-Din Yahya al-Maneri who studied under him for a long period and became one of A student of Shihab al-Din Umar al-Suhrawardi, the the most distinguished Sufis of India. However, one of founder of the Suhrawardiyyah tariqah, and Shaykh the most famous Sufis of Bengal was undoubtedly Abu Sa’id Tabrizi, who was another renowned Shaykh Jalal al-Din al-Mujarrad ibn Muhammad, Muslim spiritual figure of the time, Tabrizi also met better known as Hazrat Shah Jalal. Unfortunately, Mu’in al-Din Chishti, the founder of the Chishtiyyah details about his ancestry and early activities are tariqah in India. After completing his studies and shrouded in mystery and myth. So much so that the attaining kamaliyyat (spirit perfection), he moved to exact date of birth and death of Shah Jalal is not the subcontinent and became renowned as a known although some have claimed that he was born

10 Islamic History Month Canada in 1271, while others (such as Ibn Battutah) have place during the early part of the fifteenth century. An stated that he died in 1347. However, these dates are adherent of Islamic spirituality, Khan Jahan was a no more than suggestions and certainly not definitive. prominent practitioner and exponent of Islam. His He hailed from Turkistan and came to East Bengal via valiant and pioneering effort to transform a largely Delhi where he also met Nizam al-Din Awliyyah and inhospitable region into permanent human settlement subsequently settled in Sylhet district of Bangladesh. proved such as success that he later gave the name of He and his disciples transformed this region into an Khalifatabad to this region. active centre of Islamic learning and spirituality. As a token of appreciation, Bangladesh’s main airport, Concluding Remarks Hazrat Shah Jalal International, was named after him These and other early Sufis and preachers of Bengal recently. played an instrumental role in the propagation of If Shah Jalal of Sylhet preached in the north-eastern Islam across that region. Their contribution and Bengal, and Jalal al-Din Tabrizi in north-western achievements inspired other Sufis to emerge and Bengal, then Khan Jahan became the pioneer of Islam develop their ideas, thoughts and practices further for in south-western Bengal. Khan-i-Azam (‘the Great the benefit of the people of Bangladesh and West Khan’) Khan Jahan, better known as Hazrat Khan Bengal as a whole. Though it is true that the early Jahan, was of Turkish extraction but very little is Sufis of Bengal hailed mainly from Turkistan, known about his early life. He lived and thrived under Afghanistan, Persia, Central Asia and mainland India, the Tughluqids, namely Ghiyath al-Din Mahmud, the many other preachers, Sufis and writers like Syed fourth Tughluqid Sultan, and went onto serve the Sultan and Syed Alaol emerged during the medieval rulers of this dynasty with some distinction since he period who were wholly indigenous to Bengal. For became a notable member of this ruling family. more information, please see Muhammad Mojlum Thanks to his dedicated serve to the Tughluqids, the Khan’s widely acclaimed book, The Muslim Heritage Sultan of Delhi offered Khan Jahan a plot of land in of Bengal: The Lives, Thoughts and Achievements of the Sundarban, Bangladesh. This offer was Great Muslim Scholars, Writers and Reformers of subsequently confirmed by the-then Sultan of Bengal Bangladesh and West Bengal (UK: Kube Publishing, and this prompted Khan Jahan to take necessary steps 2013). to establish himself in this difficult and challenging part of Bengal. *Muhammad Mojlum Khan, F.R.A.S., is an award-winning Located today in the south-western district of Khulna, British writer, literary critic and research scholar. He has Khan Jahan’s fief (jagir) was virtually an inhabitable published more than 200 essays and articles worldwide and is plot of land, being as it were an integral part of the author of several internationally acclaimed books including Sundarban, the largest mangrove forest in the world. Muslims in British India: The Life and Times of Nawab Abdul Surrounded by dense forest, with wild animals and Latif (1828-1893) of Bengal (forthcoming). For more details, beasts roaming around at will, Khan Jahan cleared up see muhammadmojlumkhan.com this locality and established several settlements in and around the area today known as Bagerhat. This took

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UNESCO World Heritage Site 60 DOME MOSQUE

The Sixty Dome Mosque, also known as Shait Gambuj Mosque, is a very unique mosque which is the largest one from the Sultanate period (1204 -1576 AD), located in the Bagerhat, Bangladesh.

As it is commonly described as one of the most impressive Muslim monuments on the Indian subcontinent, it has a rich history as well.

Following the Tughlaq style, the mosque was built by Khan Jahan Ali, a Muslim saint of Turkish origin and it was completed in 1459.

The mosque originally was surrounded by protective walls with two gates, but only the magnificently arched eastern gate remains, giving some indication of the magnitude of the walls when they were intact.

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DEVELOPMENT OF MUSLIM LIFE STYLE IN CANADA - Shahin Siddiquee, M. Eng. (Michigan), P. Eng

Thirteen years before the formation of Canadian America, which was established in December 12, Confederation, in 1854 the first Muslim child James 1938. The then Mayor of the City along with the trans- Love was born to Scottish parents Agnes and James lator of the Holy Qur’an Allama Yusuf Ali’s rare Love in Ontario. He was named after his father. The presence in the inaugural ceremony will remain youngest son, Alexander, of the Love couple was born immortal in the history throughout the ages to come. in 1868 (one year after the formation of Canadian The Masjid, with a slight change in its appearance, is Confederation). Another Muslim couple John and now used as a museum of Islamic art. Over one and a Martha Simon, who were known in government half century old and rapidly increasing, this Muslim documents as ‘Mahometans’, settled permanently in community has turned into a skilled, educated and Ontario after migrating from the USA in 1871. important part of Canadian society. Although Muslims Coincidently this couple was also of West European make up less than two percent of Canada's Population, origin like that of the Love couple, John was English the community has made enviable progress in terms of whereas Martha was French. acceptability and importance than many other minorities. Today the numbers of masjids are reaching to a Among the first Muslim immigrants, the story of thousand with which more than sixty percent of the teenager Ali Abouchadi is noted in the history of community members maintain regular or occasional Canada. Popularly known as Alexander Hamilton, this contact. Lebanese youth walked on foot from Lala to Beirut, a distance about 50 km, and then boarded a boat to Mon- Muslims are not lagging behind in the mainstream treal in the first part of nineteenth century in search of political life of Canada as well. A good number of gold. Though his luck did not favor him, having got no MPs and councilors are elected in every national poll. goldmine, he opened a new era of successful trade and Even non-Muslims also voluntarily come forward to commerce. Following his footstep, during the first talk on Muslims' behalf. Though the presence of the decade of the same century a number of construction Muslims is not noticeable the media (especially in TV workers began to settle in Ontario and Quebec, and channels), they are not absent altogether. "The Little later on in Alberta and Saskatchewan and thus a Mosque on the Prairie", the comedy series that debuted Muslim population began to grow. in February 2007 and written by 39 years old film producer Zarqa Nawaz became the most popular show of A new era of Muslim history in Canada began with the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. immigration of skilled professionals such as teachers, technocrats, businessmen and people with technical More than one Friday Congregation is held in nearly education. Consequently, Muslims proved themselves all masjids in Canada. Yet they are filled with Muslims to be essential human resources for Canadian society of all ages, and color and gender. Though Friday is not by playing significant role in mainstream Canadian a weekly holiday, they manage to get time off from economy. McGill University opened the Department their work and attend the congregation. It shows that of Islamic Studies in 1952. A decade later the Univer- the Muslims belong to a community with unique char- sity of Toronto adopted a new strategy of appointing acteristics of fraternity and social cohesion. Muslims scholars from different countries in various departments to attract foreign Muslims students. In most mosques, the sermon (Khutba) is delivered in English with modern styles. Progressive minded Though Muslims had to endure hard struggle to cope Scholars, well versed in Islamic and secular with the new environment, they never neglected the knowledge, deliver the sermons on various effort to maintain their Islamic Roots. The Al-Rashid contemporary issues that make them unavoidable Mosque of Edmonton is the fine example of that to Muslims. The experts of the Islamic world effort. This is the first masjid (mosque) in North living in different countries especially in the

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Middle East, Bangladesh, Pakistan and India deliver face if they cannot get a satisfactory answer. That is the sermons by turns. The African-American reverts why; some scholars have named it ‘Islam Canada’ that are not lagging behind in this regard. Their rare does not accommodate illogical and fanatical inser- presence and extraordinary styles usually attracts tions, where there are logical and rational answers to attention. The sermon here does not reflect the wishes every 'why'. Here, parents’ advice their children after of the kings or dictators, like those of the Middle East. being well aware of the facts of the matter concerned. Unlike the subcontinent, khutbas in Canada are not For this reason, they try their very best to rectify the delivered from the book called ‘"Khutbah of Twelve bad habits that they have practiced for years. It is quite Months", which are boring, irrelevant and incompre- relevant to cite an example of a Pakistani gentleman hensible. There is no restriction for the females in who resided in a colony of the High Court in Dhaka praying in the mosques in Canada. On the contrary, before the independence of Bangladesh from Pakistan Bangladeshi immigrant women educated in modern in 1971. I believe, after meeting me he started to recall education finds new touch of Islam. Moreover, the the memories of old days when he tasted Hilsha (a interesting and attractive programs arranged for the kind of fish) and enjoyed Sampanwala (a Bengali folk females and children turn the mosques essential for song). There was a time when this "fifty something" them. So they along with their families do not like to man would always talk about movies and hum movie miss the different taste of the Friday prayers. Islamic song. However today he has totally forgotten how to Organizations like ICNA, and ISNA among greater operate his Music and video player. a Now he fully Canadian population and MCC (Muslim Circle of forgot the process how to operate his tape recorder. He Canada) among Bangladeshi immigrants, organize along with his two sons and one daughter goes to the regular and easily comprehensible Islamic programs Mississauga ‘Jame Mosque’ regularly. I was amazed that are making Islamic teachings ever attractive to the to listen to the story of his continuous struggle to raise community. his children as good Muslims and good human beings.

Children born in this country has no hesitation in [The article was originally written in Bengali language living in this country although the immigrant parents and published in various national Bengali dailies The do. They have fully adopted the North American Daily Nayadiganta on May22 & August24, 2007, The Culture especially that of the "independent thinking Daily JaiJaidin’ on October27, 2007, The Daily and action" which is generally subdued by force in Amardesh on February15, 2008. The English version, their immigrant parents' country of origin. They seek which was translated by A.B.M Yakub Ali Siddiquee realistic answers to all of their questions. As a result and edited by Abusamihah Sirajul Islam and Dr. parents need to do their homework before giving Saidul Islam published in The Daily New Nation on religious advice to their children, because they want to December 02, 2008 and The Daily Independent on know the reference of their words. They seldom December 02, 2008, and News From Bangladesh on hesitate to make derogatory comments in their parents December 01, 2008]

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ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION Mohiddin Ahmed Introduction: reach senior government positions, including in the There is an opinion amongst intellectuals that “ history military. The Mughals brought many changes to India: is often punctuated by wars, conquests, triumph and catastrophes. But in the end what endures, is not the • Centralised government that brought together many struggle that has lasted in our consciousness and smaller kingdoms to work together treasured in our museums; rather, it is the outpouring • Delegated government with respect to human rights creativity and intelligence that is civilization’s greatest • Persian art and culture gift.” • Persian language mixed with Arabic and Hindi to create Urdu Every civilization is built by humans based on their • Music and poetry lifestyle, way of thinking, philosophy and world view. • Periods of great religious tolerance But the human condition is such that it is vulnerable to • A style of architecture (e.g. the Taj Mahal, Shahi make mistakes. Mankind has committed terrible atrocities Masjid, etc.) throughout history. Muslims themselves at times, have been party to wrong doings. However, one must consider whether these acts were as a result of Islamic ideology, or whether it was due to the weakness of the human condition?

To discuss Muslim civilization, as in the light of the quote, we shouldn’t confine ourselves only to the expansion of Muslim empires, but rather we should take a broader view to understand the contributions of Muslim civilization in such fields as ethics, morality, • A system of education that took account of pupils' literature, philosophy, art, food and culture including needs and culture1 Science. Any exclusive focus on empire building, geo-politics, strife, rebellions, internal and external We can turn to the history of Bengal under Muslim power struggles will miss the bright side of the rule, in particular the period from 1664-1688 when Muslim civilization. Shaista Khan (1600-1694) ruled. His reign is sometimes considered as the “Golden Age of Bengal.” It is said An example is the period of Muslim rule in Spain that about 295 Kg (8 ‘mon' in the older scale) of rice (called Al-Andalus at the time). This period of Muslim could be purchased by one taka (৳) only (cost of living rule in Spain was arguably the only time in European was low as a result of his policies). The reign of Shaista history when Muslims, Jews and Christians lived Khan has become a legendary period: 'Shayesta relatively peacefully and harmoniously together. It Khaner amol'. was a period when beautiful art, literature, architecture, engineering and scholarship emerged. It is a pity that In contrast to the Muslim rule of India, we see a the history of Al Andalus now stands in stark contrast some what dismaying communal rise of Hindu to what we see in today's fractured world. nationalism under the present BJP government in India that aspires to revive a mythical concept of a “Great Hindustan”. But India was never a truly single country under one rule. Before the emergence of Muslim rule, it was a collection of many small states which the Muslim rulers over, and over time unified and brought under a single control where people of all religions and ethnicity lived together. Yet the changes in the India’s present situation in terms of communal Another example is the period of Muslim rule of India. rise are something to prove that human civilisation is Muslims ruled the country over a large Hindu majority. collage in character and not one dimensional. Yet, in their state administration, they allowed Hindus to

15 Islamic History Month Canada

Yes, throughout human history, there have been cherish those values. We must remain vigilant and emperors and invaders. Perhaps the feature can be uphold these priceless liberties with our heart, mind attributed to human nature and the existential conditions and soul. in which they find themselves. Here, we can term certain of their tendencies as weaknesses. Only in our Reference: last century there have been two world wars resulting 1)https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/histo- in loss of millions of souls. We often curse Hitler and ry/mughalempire_1.shtml Mousseline for fascism and racism; yet, the same 2) Islamic Resurgence in Bangladesh’s Culture and Politics: undignified ideologies sometimes go unchecked in Origins, Dynamics and Implications by Akhand Akhtar Hossain such things as “national pride”. We often hear world 3) Towardsdatascience.com leaders make public roars: “We want to be great 4) Kevin Everett FitzMaurice www.kevinfitzmaurice.com (v.5) again”. Subtle racism, hatred, bigotry and misogynis- 5) https://www.muis.gov.sg/muisacademy/P... tic tendencies tend slip in. But in today’s world, our 6) https://youtu.be/Fsa_ss-3UGY humanity does not deserve discrimination, hatred or 7) What Can We Learn From History Of Islamic Civilization To fear mongering. Our world needs mutual understand- Improve The Status Of Muslim Today? ing: of race, religions, groups, and subgroups. It is our 8) A Concise History of INDIA time to create new history with new understanding. -by B D. Metcalf and T.R Metcalf Tolerance, respect, equality: these should be our value.

Now, our mission should be clear, and it should be to raise human consciousness to achieve peaceful co-existence with all. We must also actively work towards removing historical misconceptions about each other, and foster global harmony. We should promote freedom of speech, human rights, democracy, diversity and adhering to the rule of law and justice. We are fortunate to be in a great country such as Canada, where the vast majority of the population

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16 Islamic History Month Canada

ISLAM IN SOUTH ASIA – AN ACT OF MERCY By: Abujafar Mahtab

Islam entered the South Asian region through an act of Muslim women and children captive, and were mercy. Now it may seem strange to describe a sheltered by the forces of Raja Dahir, who ruled military invasion as an act of mercy, but the story is Sindh. When Raja Dahir refused to return the captives as follows. to the Muslim Caliph and punish the pirates, a Muslim army, led by a seventeen year old general Muhammad In the year 619 CE, Prophet Muhammad (peace be bin Qasim, invaded Sindh. Pretty soon the whole of upon him) had just lost Abu Talib, his uncle and his Sindh and Multan fell to Muslims . With their good main support amongst the tribes of Quraish in governance, kind treatment to minorities and lower Makkah. With the additional loss of his wife Khadijah, taxes, Islam flourished in these lands. And it all came Muhammad (peace be upon him) decided to go to the because of an act of mercy by Prophet Muhammad city of Taif with his companion Zaid and preach his (peace be upon him), so many years earlier. message of Islam there. Islam had also come to the Indian subcontinent via What followed was described later by the prophet of other means. Arab merchants from Bahrain used to Islam as the “hardest day of his life”. Not only did the trade with cities on the coast of modern day Gujarat common people of Taif reject his message, but the since pre-Islam, and these trades multiplied as the street urchins and riff raff of the town pelted him and Caliphate grew in power. Few Arabs and later Persians Zaid with stones and rocks. Wounded badly and bleed- who had converted to Islam immigrated to these coastal ing profusely, Muhammad (peace be upon him) and cities and flourished. Some of them later moved on to Zaid were chased and driven out of Taif, and they took as far as Sri Lanka, and thus there were ships going shelter in a small orchard on the outskirts of the town. between Arabia and Sri Lanka, stopping all over the It is there that the Archangel Jibrail visited him along western coast of India. The Barwada mosque in with the Angel of the Mountains. Ghogha, Gujarat, India is thought to be the first mosque in South Asia which was built before 623 CE “O Prophet of Allah,” Jibrail asked. “If you wish, by Arab merchants . Herat in modern day Afghanistan Allah could order an angel to collapse the two had been part of the Caliphate since 652 CE. mountains surrounding the people of Taif and crush them (for what they have done to you).” In another early, but disputed, account of Islam in the Malabar region, Muslims are described as descendants How did Muhammad (peace be upon him) react? He of a Hindu king who had seen the miracle of the moon opted for an act of mercy and not violence. Instead of splitting performed by the Muhammad (peace be upon seeking revenge against the people of Taif, he said to him). A famous Muslim of Malabar descent is the Angel Jibrail, “I rather hope that Allah will raise from Oscar winning musician A.R. Rahman. On a similar among their descendants people who will worship note, many Tamil Muslims on the eastern coasts also Allah the One, and will not ascribe partners to Him.” claim that they converted to Islam in the Prophet's Thus the people of Taif were spared by Muhammad lifetime. The local mosques there date to the early (peace be upon him) as an act of mercy. Years later, the 700s. city fell to the Muslims in 630 CE, and as foreseen by Muhammad (peace be upon him), many people, Yet, it cannot be argued that the single most significant children of the ones who had thrown rocks at him, now event aiding in Islam reaching South Asia was the became Muslim. And from one of these children came campaign of Muhammad Bin Qasim. Once Islam Muhammad bin Qasim, who would have a significant reached what is modern day Pakistan, it was simply a role in how Islam came to South Asia. matter of time that it would spread to the rest of India. Through business and trade, missionary work by Sufi The year was 711 CE, the same year Spain would fall mystics, and military campaigns by the Ghaznavid to the Muslims as well. Pirates had attacked a Muslim Sultanate of Afghanistan, Delhi soon fell to Muslim ship bound for Arabia from Sri Lanka, and had taken hands. This inaugurated the Delhi Sultanate, which

17 Islamic History Month Canada

would have glorious rulers from diverse families. One Britain, which in turn had the highest living standards of them was Alauddin Khilji, who successfully in Europe . Today’s architectural masterpieces in defended India from the Mongols multiple times South Asia such as the Taj Mahal in Agra, the (1297 – 1306 CE). Thus, once again, an initial act of Badshahi Mosque in Lahore, the Buland Darwaza in mercy by the Prophet of Islam would later protect Fatehpur Sikiri, Jama Masjid and Red Fort in Delhi, many Indians, many of whom were not even Muslims, the Lalbagh Fort and Mughal Eidghah in Dhaka – all from the barbarism and violence inflicted worldwide of them date back to the Mughal era. Astronomy, by the marauding Mongols . chemistry, metallurgy, textile, arts and literature flourished under the Muslims in India, in particular The golden age of Islam in South Asia would of course the Mughal Empire. be the Mughal Empire, which lasted from 1526 CE to 1707 CE (and then in decline till 1857 CE). At their Today, Islam is the second-largest religion in South peak, India’s GDP was estimated to be 24% of the world Asia with about 651 million Muslims, forming about economy, larger than China and Western Europe. one-third of South Asia's population . South Asia has Mughal India was the world leader in manufacturing, the largest population of Muslims in the world, with producing about 25% of the world's industrial output up about one-third of all Muslims being from South Asia. until the 18th century . The Mughals were responsible Islam is the dominant religion in half of all South for building an extensive road system, creating a Asian countries which are Pakistan, Bangladesh, uniform currency, and the unification of the country. Afghanistan and Maldives. In India, Islam is the The empire had an extensive road network, which was second-largest religion while in Sri Lanka and Nepal it vital to the economic infrastructure, built by a public is the third-largest religion. As shown, Muslims have works department set up by the Mughals which played a prominent role in India's economic rise and designed, constructed and maintained roads linking cultural influence. towns and cities across the empire, making trade easier to conduct . And it all came due to an act of mercy 1440 years ago in a small orchard in Arabia. Real wages and living standards in 18th-century Mughal Bengal and South India were higher than in

18 Islamic History Month Canada

HISTORY OF ISLAM IN KERALA: BRIEF HIGHLIGHTS *By Shaikh Ahmad Kutty

Kerala often referred to as God’s own country, has the Prophet with a gift box containing, among other many attractions that set it apart from the rest of India. exotic items, ginger pieces! And the Prophet (peace The story of Islam is only one among others. be upon him), shared them among his companions. The king embraced Islam, and the Prophet named him It is known for its natural beauty. The National Tajuddeen, and after performing the pilgrimage, he Geographic referred to it as one of the paradises of the returned to India with the avowed mission of spread- world. The state has one of the highest literacy rates in ing Islam. the world, thus leaving all other states of India behind. It also boasts as having the first church, first syna- On his way back, he fell ill and passed away in gogue as well as the first mosque in India, besides (present-day) Salalah, Oman. There is a tomb bearing having the richest temple in the world. his name, which still attracts the visitors. I also had the opportunity to visit the grave. Where else in India, one could find a temple, church, and mosque all within ten meters? Thanks to an The story goes to say that before his death, he sent a educated and literate population, it has maintained a letter to his relatives, commissioning them to gift a remarkable tradition of peaceful co-existence among plot of land for building a mosque. The leader of the people of various religions. They all share cultures delegation was Malik b. Dinar. Accordingly, the first and customs, while each is keeping its own identity. mosque was built in Kodungallur (Thrissur District, Kerala). This mosque is known as Cheraman Juma Of the three Abrahamic religions, the Christians were Masjid (named after the king); the date marked on the the first to arrive in India. They established the First building is 629 AD! Church in 52 AD. The Jews followed them and built several synagogues. And finally, Muslims arrived. thanks to the ancient trade routes and a tradition of seafaring going back to ancient times, Arabs have been frequenting the Malabar coast and other parts of Kerala from pre-Islamic times.

Soon after the rise of Islam and the expansion of the Islamic state, especially during the golden era of the Abbasids, trading through seafaring intensified. According to geographers and historians, Islam took roots and spread in various parts of Kerala. Based on this, some historians and scholars believe There is an intense debate among historians about the that Islam began spreading in Kerala, starting from precise dating of the arrival of Islam in Kerala. the time of the Prophet (peace be upon him) himself. According to legends, shared by both Hindus and Two factors facilitated the spread of Islam: Firstly, the Muslims, Islam arrived in Kerala during the time of Hindu kings developed remarkable cordial relations the Prophet (peace be upon him). with the Arab-Muslim merchants. They offered them generous gifts of lands for building mosques and A story circulated among both the Hindus and Mus- houses. lims states that Cheraman Perumal, a Hindu king, was the first one to embrace Islam. He had a vision of the Another factor was the number of conversions, espe- Prophet (peace be upon him); and he travelled to cially among lower caste Hindus and untouchable Arabia to meet him. who were attracted to Islam for escaping caste inequalities. Surprisingly, there exists a report in Mustadrak of Hakim stating that a Hindu King came and presented Thanks to the speedy spread of Islam, several historic

19 Islamic History Month Canada

mosques were built in various parts of all Kerala. All was Vakkam Moulavi (1873-1932 CE). He strove to of them bearing the same standard features, and popularize education and fought against superstitions patterns of architect and materials used in temples, and harmful social customs prevailing among Muslims. churches, and synagogues of the early period. Others soon joined him working to improve the conditions of Muslims educationally, socially and The fact at least a dozen mosques were built in the politically. The names of such luminaries include K. early years speaks to the growth of Islamic influence M. Moulavi (18-1964); my uncle, V.P. Muhammad in Kerala and their economic and social status Ali Haji (1912-1959; Bafaqi Thangal (1906-1973); enjoyed among Hindus. E.K. Abu Bakr Musaliar (d. 1996) and many others.

Thanks to the work of such luminaries and other men of literature, the condition of Muslims took a giant stride. The Gulf (economic) Boom helped the process. Thanks to the strident efforts of such 2550 Birchmount Rd, Unit 15 visionaries, presently there is a virtual educational and intellectual boom among the Muslims of Asking $290,000.00 Kerala. Hundreds of beautiful mosques and dozens of colleges and educational institutions decorate the landscape of Kerala.

There is also an unprecedented growth of literature, print-electronic, as well as cultural and art media However, the Muslim fortune started declining thriving that has no parallel anywhere in India. speedily soon after the arrival of colonialists, the Portuguese, Dutch followed by the British. The foreign invaders found Muslims to be the strongest *(Ahmad Kutty is the resident scholar and senior lecturer at the in resisting the foreign occupation. So, naturally, Islamic Institute of Toronto. Previously, he has served as the they tried hard to crush the power and influence of Director and Imam of Jami Mosque and Islamic Foundation of Muslims. Toronto. He is listed among the The 500 Most Influential Muslims in the World (ed. by Professor John Esposito & Professor They worked to pit Hindus and Muslims against each Ibrahim Kalin of Georgetown University). Sami Chowdhury other by playing their age-old game of 'divide and Salesperson rule'.

Muslim hatred of foreigners was responsible for their 647.725.0606 refusal to embrace modern education and ideas. Such facebook.com/torontobase an attitude sadly resulted in their backwardness. @samichytoronto Muslims thus came to be occupying the lowest strata of Kerala society, while their Hindu and Christian For More Info Please Contact: brothers vigorously embraced modern education and ideas. Sami Chowdhury, Salesperson. It was in this context several reformers, social activists Direct: 647-725-0606 and scholars came forward to stir up Muslims to take RE/MAX Realtron Realty Inc, Brokerage. up the new challenges. The most prominent of them Off: 416-289-3333 Email: [email protected] Progress Avenue, Suite - 209 Toronto, ON M1H 3G3 Bus: (416) 289-3333 Fax: (416) 289-4535 Realtron Realty Inc., Brokerage E-mail: [email protected] Independently Owned & Operated Web: www.torontobase.com

20 Islamic History Month Canada

ISLAMIC BANKING IN BANGLADESH Muhammad Zohurul Islam FCA, Toronto

Muslim Business houses all over the world started thinking and organizing alternative banking without The major motivation for setting up of Islamic bank interest after the departure of the colonial powers from was to get rid of the curse of interest and the business the Muslim world. Thus came out Al-Razi Islamic in success of the Islamic banks, setting unparalleled Saudi Arabia,1957, Mit Ghamr Bank in Egypt,1963, institutional and administrative discipline In the bank- Dubai Islamic bank,1977, Kuwait Finance ing sector. Their success also motivated the foreign House,1977 and even in Europe PLS Banking –Islam- banks like HSBC and Chartered Banks to open Islam- ic Bank in Luxembourg1975, and Darul Mal Al Islami ic Banking Window for attracting deposits and invest- Trust (DMI Trust), Bahamas(1978). ment in Islamic modes from the Muslim clients.

Following the success of these banks, some Bang- The global success of Islamic Banking has remarkably ladeshi business houses came forward to set up the captured the interest of both Islamic and contemporary first Islamic bank in March, 1983. The unprece- economists. A great economic historian William N dented success of this bank inspired other groups Parker (1993), observes that the introduction of Islam- of businessmen and individuals to set up Islamic ic banking principles by various western bankers have banks .During the short span of time between 1999 shown a positive results which indicates that Islamic and 2004 , more five banks,al-Arafa,Social Islami, banking systems can work effectively in both devel- First Security, Exim, Shajalal and later on Union oped as well as developing nations regardless of Banks came into being. religious boundary. The western bankers have got

21 Islamic History Month Canada

In Crores TK/ CA D

Items A l l b a n ks I s l a m ic banks Share of Islamic banks

Deposit T k 1 ,023,206.20 / Tk 242,118.8 /$3,797.34 2 3 . 6 6 % $16,047.77

Investments T k Tk 237,279.2 /$3,721.44 2 4 . 1 6 % 981,980.2/$15,401.49

Excess Tk 63,921.86 /$1002. Tk 3793.74 /$59.50 8 . 5 4 % Liquidity 53

No of 10,387 1 2 5 2 12.05% branchs

Remittance T k 36,764.0 /$576.60 T k 8,337.75 /$130.53 2 2 . 6 7 %

Performance in Profitability I s lamic Banks C onventional Banks

Return on Assets 0 . 89 0.90

Return on Equity 1 1 .712 1 0.72

Classified Investment (credit) 4.2 8.9

to Investment

Classified Investment (credit) 39.88 5 9 .8

to capital

Capital adequacy ratio 1 2 . 09 1 1.50

*Source: Islamic Banking in Bangladesh, (Gulzare Nabi & Asma Akter et al,2013) amazed to see the resilience and strength of Islamic Eight full-fledged Islamic banks are operating with banking around 2007-2008 when conventional banks 1252 branches out of total 10387 branches of 59 of the West crashed in great financial crisis, Islamic banks in the banking industry of the country. In addi- banks stood firm without any significant effect of the tion, 19 Islamic banking branches of 9 conventional crisis in their activities. The introduction of inter- commercial banks and 25 Islamic banking windows of est-free and equity-based Islamic banking system, 8 conventional commercial banks are also pro- proved its solid strength and significance in the coun- viding Islamic financial services in the country. At the try's banking sector which continued to show strong end of the January-March 2019 quarter, depos- growth since its inception in 1983. Islamic Banks of its and investments, of Islamic banking industry today have successfully used the classical tools of grew by0.61%, 4.00% respectively while surplus Islamic finance like Musharika(partnership), Mudari- liquidity declined by 41% from the previous quarter. ba(equity participation), Murabaha (tradefincing with A comparative performance report as released by cost plus) Ijara(leasing),Sukuk(bond) and many other Bangladesh bank, Islamic Banking Industry account- tools instead of interest –the sine qua non of modern ed for more than one-fifth (21%) share of the entire banking. Islamic banking has also developed most banking industry in terms of deposits and invest- modern banking products such as ATM services, inter- ments at the end of the Jan-March quarter of the year net banking, payment gateway, mobile banking, 2019. consumer and investment banking and so on which earned both efficiency and popularity for the Islamic Comparative performance report of Bangladesh Bank banking. So, there is no wonder, when Global Finance, on Islamic Banks as at the end of Jan-march quarter, an US-based reputed quarterly awarded Islami Bank 2019: of Bangladesh Ltd as the best bank in the country for the years 1999,2000,2004 and 2005 among the total Not only in profitability and operational efficiency, 59 banks in the country. Islamic banks have contributed in many other aspects of social life in Bangladesh. As of March2019, Bangladesh bank reported the position of development of Islamic banking in Bangladesh in By default, every Islamic has to establish a shariah different criteria of performance as follows: board which reviews the bank’s transactions to see its

22 Islamic History Month Canada compliance with the shariah. The board is very powerful to add to these institutions with their forward going. because the management can not side track its These banks have set up many high quality education- decision. The shariah boards of the Islamic banks have al institutions for academic upliftment as well as set up a central shariah board for all Islamic banks. setting up technical and vocational training schools to This Central board is undertaking constant research on create immediate job opportunity for the poor young various modes of investments, giving solutions to unemployed and job-seeking. problems that the individual shariah board can not resolve. Reputed scholars are working with the Central Some Islamic banks have take up poverty reduction Shariah Board. As a result it has started an Islamic programs with the finance of zakat from their founda- knowledge movement in the fields of economics, tions and investment portfolio of the banks(MA commerce and finance. Raqib,Islamic Baning and zakat-An Alternative Approach to Poverty Reduction in Bangldesh,2011)). The second most important aspect of Islamic banking And their success in this program is laudatory. All is that it has initiated and set up Islamic insurance and these activities have taken the banks to the people at tactful companies to take care of the risks of life and large and focused on its robust potential of ever death of the people. The takaful companies have in increasing expansion. fact given a new light in raising the quality of life in Bangladesh along with Islamic banks. Because these Thus, taking all these phenomena together, to say institutions have created a new history of businesses’ honestly and rightly, it is the Islamic banks which have corporate social responsibility. Corporate social started what has been called in the current banking responsibility of the corporations was long debated in jargon as the ‘welfare Banking’ in Bangladesh. the West before its adoption by the corporations. But Islamic banks, along with their establishment set up Email: [email protected]) Foundations to carry on various sorts of humanitarian activities to woo the suffering of people in their hard times. Not only that, it has set up many medical and health centres in their operational area and continuing

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23 RhythmIslamic History Night Month 2019 Canada

24 Islamic History Month Canada ISLAMIC HISTORY MONTH BANGLADESH

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25 Islamic History Month Canada

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26 Islamic History Month Canada 1120 wL«÷v‡ã gyivweZyb mvg«vR¨ ch©šÍ Zv‡ì‡K `‡j `‡j ‡¯ú‡bi fywg ‡_‡K weZvwoZ EATING & LIVING HALAL IN TORONTO 1040 wLª÷v‡ã DËi Avwd«Kvi evievi ‡MvÎxq GK ¯‹jvi (deport) Kivi wm×vš— ‡bqv nq| ZLb A‡b‡K DËi BY SALMAN ASHRAF Ave`yjvn Beb Bqvwmb GKwU bZyb Av‡›`vj‡bi WvK ‡`b hv Avwd«Kvq cvwj‡q hvb| Gfv‡eB ZLb BD‡ivwcqvb RvwZi ÒgyivweZybÓ (Almoravids) bv‡g cwiwPZ wQj| GB Av‡›`vj‡bi gvby‡li KvQ ‡_‡K ‡¯ú‡bi f~wg‡Z Bmjvg‡K wPiZ‡i gy‡Q The Metro Toronto Convention Centre is one of the around them. In the six years I spent in Dubai, before D‡Ïk¨ wQj mwVK Bmjvg cvj‡b K‡Vvi nIqv Ges Bmjvg-ewnf©yZ ‡djv nq| largest gathering spots in Canada. On a regular basis moving to Canada, we never discussed Halal because PP©v I AvBbmg~n wbg©~j Kiv| Av‡›`vj‡bi ‡kvMvb wQj Òfvj it hosts a variety of events, including political it was the norm. It was only after moving to Canada Kv‡R Drmvn cÖ`vb, Lvivc KvR eR©b, Ges Bmjvg-ewnf©~Z Ki gymwjg ‡¯ú‡bi 9 ‡kv eQ‡ii BwZnvm mvg‡b ivL‡j ‡h conventions, annual general meetings, and the did this become something to consider. When we first evwZjKiYÓ| DËi Avwd«Kvi evievi Rb‡Mvôxi kw³kvjx Ges welq¸‡jv ¯úó nq Zv nj: annual university fairs. Another annual event that is moved here, grocery stores didn’t carry Halal meat mvnmx mvgwiK HwZ‡nï Kvi‡Y ZLbKvi ZvBdv ivRvMY Avkv KiwQ‡jb gyivweZybiv Avj-Av›`vjy‡m G‡m wLª÷vb‡ì AM«hvÎv (K) gymwjgiv hLb Avjvni D‡Ï‡k¨ ‰bwZK mgvR eë¯’v hosted yearly at the Metro Convention Centre is the and restaurant options were few. Despite the limited _vwg‡q w`‡e| ‡hgb- BwZg‡a¨ U‡j‡Wv Gi ZvBdv `Lj K‡i c«wZôvi j‡¶¨ Bmjv‡gi kvmb eë¯’v cÖmvwiZ K‡i‡Q ZLb Reviving the Islamic Spirt (RIS), a multi day availability, my parents always ensured that the K¨vw÷‡ji ivRv 6ô A¨vj‡dv‡Ýv 1091 wLª÷v‡ã ‡mwfj Gi wbh©vZ‡bi kvmb ‡_‡K ‡eu‡P _vK‡Z AgymwjgMY bxi‡e mg_©b conference that occurs during the weekend meat we ate was always Halal. This conscious ZvBdvI cÖvq `Lj K‡i ‡djwQj| GiKg fqvbK cwiw¯’wZ Rvwb‡q‡Q Ges hviv gymwjg‡ì wec‡¶ hy× K‡i‡Q Zviv preceding Christmas. For the first time in 2016 effort by them and many other Muslims is one of nIqvi ciB ZvBdv ivRvMY GKv`k kZvãxi ‡klfv‡M gyivweZyb Avjvni mvnv‡h¨ civwRZ n‡q‡Q| my family and I decided to attend this conference. the reasons why I can now buy Halal chicken and Av‡›`vj‡bi †bZv BDmyd web Zvkwdb‡K Avnevb Rvbvb ‡¯ú‡b Throughout the two days we heard from different beef at my local Costco. For a Muslim growing up in G‡m ‡¯ú‡bi gymwjg‡ì ¯^vaxbZv i¶v Ki‡Z|ZvBdv hy‡M (L) gymwjg‡ì kvmb eë¯’v hZ¶Y ch©šÍ b¨vq-wbôvi Dci speakers on a wide range of topics and were able Toronto this is a refreshing change and makes me Avj-Av›`vjy‡mi ‡bvsiv ivRbxwZi K_v gv_vq ‡i‡L BDmyd web c«wZwôZ ‡_‡K‡Q ZZ¶Y ch©šÍ Zviv MY-mg_©b ‡c‡q‡Q, to learn from their experiences. However, for me proud to see how integrated our religion has become Zvkwdb msKí K‡ib ‡h wZwb ïaygvÎ 6ô A¨vj‡dv‡Ýv‡K civwRZ mvgvwRK eë¯’vq w¯’wZ G‡m‡Q Ges Zv‡ì Kg©KvÛ cÖmvi the truly remarkable part of the conference was just in North American society. K‡iB Avwd«Kvq wd‡i hv‡eb| KvRwU wZwb m¤úbœ Ki‡jI, Zv jvf K‡i‡Q| being amongst my fellow brothers and sisters of h‡_ó wQjbv| KviY GiciI evi evi Avj-Av›`vjym‡K Islam. It was a sight to behold, seeing so many While our parents have championed the cause and wL«÷vb‡ì nvZ ‡_‡K i¶v Ki‡Z BDmyd web Zvkwd‡bi cÖwZ (M) hZ¶Y ch©šÍ AvÂwjK I ‡MvÎxq RvZxqZv gymwjg cwiwP- individuals willing to spend part of their four day instilled the right values in us, the Muslim youth WvK Avm‡Z _v‡K| ZvB Bgvg Mv¾vjxmn A‡bK gymwjg ¯‹jvi wZ I Av`‡k©i MwÛi AvIZvfy³ wQj ZZ¶Y ch©šÍ mKj BDmyd web Zvkwdb‡K Aby‡iva K‡ib AKvh©Ki ZvBdv ivRv‡ì mgm¨vi E‡aŸ© Bmjv‡gi wPišÍbx D`viZv I gvbweK wk¶v weekend to invest in themselves in an effort to carry the task of continuing the legacy. Whenever DrLvZ K‡i Avj-Av›`vjym‡K gyivweZyb‡ì iv‡Rï mv‡_ ‡hvM mvwe©Kfv‡e D¾¡j wQj Ges bvbvb cÖwZK~jZvi wfZ‡iI become better Muslims. Attendees at the conference I’m given the option I always make the effort to ask K‡i ‡dj‡Z| KvRwU wZwb GKv`k kZvãxi ‡kl `k‡KB m¤úbœ H‡Kï ‡iLv Abyf~wZ we¯Í…Z wQj| included people of all ages and race. It showed me for Halal; at minimum this informs all event organiz- K‡ib, me ZvBdv ivR¨‡K GKxf~Z K‡i wL«÷vb‡ì weiæ‡× HKë× that anyone can be a Muslim, regardless of cultural ers that it is an option they should keep in mind. The K‡ib| ZvBdv hy‡M wLª÷vb‡ì nv‡Z P‡j hvIqv ZvBdv¸‡jv (N) hLbB e¨w³, cvwievwiK, ‡MvÎxq, AvÂwjK ¯^v_© Bmjvwg background, and was truly representative of the transformation might be happening slowly, but it’s gyivweZybiv Avevi cybiæ×vi Ki‡Z bv cvi‡jI, GwU `w¶Y w`‡K wk¶v‡K AwZµg K‡i‡Q ZLbB Zv‡ì AatcZb ïiæ diversity in Canada. For the first time in a long time I great to see it happening. Certain work events now wLª÷vb‡ì AMªhvÎvi MwZ gš’i K‡i w`‡qwQj| GKvi‡Y,GiciI n‡q‡Q| GUv gymwjg we‡k¦i me©Î ‡`Lv hv‡e| felt a real sense of belonging. have provided Halal options and my colleagues wL«÷vb‡ì cÖvq 400 eQi ‡j‡M hvq Avj-Av›`vjy‡mi gymwjg‡ì always try to buy Halal meat for our team potlucks. m¤ú~Y© civwRZ Ki‡Z| (O) ag©xq, cvwievwiK, ‡MvÎxq ¶gZvi ‡Kv›`j mgvR I In January of 2019 I attended the Microsoft Ignite iv‡Rï AšÍ©wbwnZ kw³ GK`g wbKvk K‡i ‡`q| Ggb Conference at the centre. This two day event aimed to I will admit that there used to be a time when I found (Dc‡ii ewY©Z ZvBdv msµvšÍ Z_¨¸jv Abyev` Kiv n‡q‡Qt cwiw¯’wZ‡Z GKwU ‡`k ‡ewk Kvj AwZµg Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| showcase a variety of Microsoft’s new products and it easier to say I’m vegetarian instead of explaining Disunity in Al-Andalus: the Taifa Period AvwU©‡Kj ‡_‡K| GUvB n‡qwQj gymwjg ‡¯úb, fviZ I Ab¨vb¨ gymwjg kvwmZ Abyev`Kt mv`vZ Bd‡ZLvi|) ‡`‡k| Gme ‡_‡K gymwjgiv AvRI wk¶v wb‡Z cv‡i| services, but what stood out for me was their lunch Halal, but I eventually realized that just hides who I options. As I’ve done many times in the past, my am and doesn’t help my fellow Muslims. The more 1492 PyovšÍ wbe©vmb Email: [email protected] food preferences was Halal if possible otherwise we make an effort to promote Halal, the easier it Ae‡k‡l 1492 mv‡j gymjgvbiv Avj-Av›`vjym (‡¯úb) ‡_‡K ‡bvU: http://shodalap.org/mohi/32784/) vegetarian. Much to my surprise Microsoft had becomes for all of us to practice our religion. Our me ¶gZv nvwi‡q wPi we`vq nb| 1502 mv‡j wLª÷vb kvmKiv ‡idv‡iÝ: decided to serve Halal chicken for all participants. parents, or earlier generations, moved to Canada in gymjgvb‡ì wLª÷a‡g© ag©všÍwiZ Kivi Av‡`k Rvwi K‡i Ges Bmjv‡gi nviv‡bv BwZnvm (https://lostislamichistorybangla.word- Had this been a conference 20 years ago, when my an effort to make this our new home. We owe it to cªKv‡k¨ Bmjvg ag© Z¨vM K‡i wLª÷ag© MÖnY Ki‡Z eva¨ K‡i| press.com/) parents immigrated to Canada, I would have had to them to make this happen, but at the same time kZ kZ gmwR`‡K wMR©vq iƒcvšÍwiZ K‡i| wgwjqb wgwjqb wewewmi wbeÜ (www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/history/- have the vegetarian option and maybe 10 years ago ensure the core components of our religion (Halal, Aviwe eB cy¯ÍK I jvB‡eªix cywo‡q QvB K‡i ‡`q| Z‡e spain_1.shtml http://youtu.be/PMkZ2Lz1kyc they would have select Halal options. But in 2019 Salah, Ramadan, Eid, etc.) are rightfully preserved. cÖKvk¨ wb‡R‡ì‡K wLª÷vb ej‡jI A‡b‡K ‡Mvc‡b I AšÍ‡i eating Halal at a major tech conference was easy. The gymwjg wnmv‡e _vKvi wm×všÍ ‡bb| Avi GK mgq G‡ì availability of Halal food is truly an excellent msL¨v GZ ‡ekx nIqvq GUv ‡Mvcb ivLv m¤¢e _v‡K wb| djZ representation of how far Islam has come in North Zv‡ì Dci ‡b‡g Av‡m wbg©g wewawb‡la I AZ¨vPvi| ‡kl American society.

Eating Halal, while being a fundamental part of Islam, can be a foreign concept for many immigrants because in the country they emigrated from, it was all

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Islamic History Month Canada

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Fabulous Treasures BZ¨vw` wb‡q ‡cŠ‡ivwbK KvwnbxB Zv‡ì wek¦v‡mi g~j wfwË| Ges wd‡i hvb ÔPgKcÖ` abiZœivwR ( PUBLICATION:)Õ MONEY SAVER ENVELOPE PLEASE NOTE: YOUR AD WILL RUN “AS IS” UNLESS CHANGES ARE MADE TO THIS PROOF, Avi GwU P‡j Avm‡Q esk ci¤úivq ‡gŠwLK M‡íi gva¨‡g wb‡q| `kg kZvãx‡Z Avãyi ingvb wØZxq (929- 961) ADGi SIZE: 5.25”w x 8.25”h SO PLEASE CHECK OFFERS, EXPIRY DATES, CONTACT INFORMATION & ALL WRITTEN COPY. nvRvi eQi a‡i| G‡`‡ki cÖwZwU miKviB GB Rb‡Mvôx‡K kvmbvg‡j wØZxqev‡ii gZ GK`j Avwd«Kxq gymwjg AveviIDOCKET NUMBER: 189807-Paradise Shawarma SCARBOROUGH-10&1119-OCT&NOV-GTA-EAST-SM-5 DATE: September 19, 2019 29 Thank you for using DRMG to promote your business Template updated Nov. 14, 2018

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ÔKyqvkvqfiv AÜKvi gnvmvMiÕ G cvj ‡Zv‡jb ‡¯ú‡bi GB H AÂ‡j Av‡iv GKwU Dc`j ÔAvjgvgx (Almamy)Õ bv‡g ‡Wj&ev e›ì ‡_‡KB| `xN© mgq Ae¯’vb K‡i Zviv ‡¯ú‡b wd‡i gymwjg Avwèvmx emZ K‡i AvmwQj| ÔAvjgvgxÕ kãwUI hvb ÔA™¢yZ I inm¨gq `ywbqvÕ Avwe¯‹v‡ii ARvbv Kvwnbx wb‡q| gvbwWb&Kv Ges Aviex k‡ãi mswgk«b hvi gyj ÔBgvgÕ ev ÔAvj PARADISE SHAWARMA BgvgyÕ| D‡jL¨, gymjgvb‡ì Ab¨Zg c«avY Dcvmbv bvgvR AUTHENTIC MEDITERRANEAN CUISINE Av‡gwiKv Avwe¯‹v‡ii Kw_Z RbK Kj¤^vm 1492 mv‡ji cwiPvjbvKvix‡K A_ev ‡Mv‡Îi cÖavb‡ì‡K ÔBgvgÕ ejv nq| 3iv AvMó gymwjg‡ì weiæ‡× hy‡× m`¨ wewRZ dvw`©bv›` I Bmv‡ejvi mn‡hvMxZvq mviv BD‡ivc I ga¨c«v‡P¨ Pjgvb cÖL¨vZ Av‡gwiKvb HwZnvwmK nvf©vW wek¦we`¨vj‡qi wjI hyØ&ee¨wßi Ask wn‡m‡e Rvnv‡R cvj ‡Zv‡jb wKš‘ `yN©UbvekZ, D‡qbvi (Leo Weiner) 1920 mv‡ji c«KvwkZ ÔAvwd«Kv GÛ bZyb `ywbqv ev AvR‡Ki Av‡gwiKvq Zvui RvnvR ‡bv½i K‡i| w` wWm‡Kvfvix Ae Av‡gwiKvÕ M«‡š’ wj‡L‡Qb, Kj¤^vm gRvi e¨vcvi nj, wZwb cvj Zy‡jwQ‡jb ‡¯ú‡bi IB GKB e›ì fvjfv‡eB AewnZ wQ‡jb ÔbZyb `ywbqv (New World)Õ-q ‡Wjev ‡_‡KB| hvi mv‡_ wKbv fvjfv‡e c~e© ‡_‡KB Av‡gwiKvi gvbwWb&Kv‡ì Dcw¯’wZ| wZwb GI Rvb‡Zb D³ f~-L‡Û eû c~e© m¤úK© ¯’vwcZ n‡qwQj| c~e©myix gymwjg bvweK‡ì D™¢vweZ ‡_‡KB cwðg Avwd«Kxq gymwjgiv eëmv evwYR¨ Ges B‡ivKq GKB gvbwPÎ Ges Avcb bvweK fvB‡qi mvn‡hï d‡j (Iroquois) I Avj ‡Mvbwqb (Algonquin) Avw` ‡MvÎØ‡qi Kj¤^v‡mi hvÎv c_wU mnRmvaÏ nq| cvj Dovb K¨vbvix mv‡_ weevn eÜ‡bi gva¨‡g K¨vwiexq, ‡K›`«xq, `w¶Y Ges DËi AvBj¨vÛ Ges ‡Mv‡giv gyLx| Ô‡Mv‡givÕ kãwU Aviex ‡_‡K ‡bqv Av‡gwiKvq KvbvWvmn wewfbœ AÂ‡j we¯—…Z n‡q Av‡Q| hvi A_© Ô¶y`« Rjš— KvôLÛÕ| ‡mLv‡b ‡cŠu‡Q Kj¤^vm ‡c«‡g K¨vwj‡dvwb©qvq AvRI Zv‡ì cv_‡i ‡Lv`vB Kiv wkjvwjwc c‡ob AvBj¨v‡Ûi c«_g K¨v‡Þb ‡Rbv‡i‡ji Kb¨v weqvwU«h we`¨gvb hv‡Z ÔBqvmym Be‡b gvwiqv (Yasus Ibn Maria)Õ ‡evevw`jvi (Beartriz Bobadilla) mv‡_| cvwievwiK bvg A_©vr ÔJesus (Son) of MaryÕ ‡jLv i‡q‡Q ‡hwU cweÎ Ô‡evevw`jvÕ Aviex Bmjvgx bvg ÔAvey AvwãjvnÕ ‡_‡K D™¢~Z, KyiAvb ‡_‡K ‡bqv ÔBmv (Av:) gwiq‡gi cyÎÕ| hvi m~Î AveŸvmxq (1031 - 1091) kvmbKZ©vi cwievi ch©šÍ| d«vwÝm&‡Kv ‡evevw`jv c‡i Kj¤^vm‡K wkKj w`‡q ‡eu‡a ‡d‡jb m‡Zï AbymÜv‡b e«Zx BwZnvm wccvmyiv AvR BwZnv‡mi Ges ‡¯ú‡bi mv‡šÍv ‡Wvwgb‡Mv (Santo Domingo) ‡Z ‡diZ ARvbv ev wg_¨vi Kv‡jv cÖ‡j‡c Av”Qvw`Z Aa¨vq‡K gvby‡li cvVvb 1501 mv‡ji b‡f¤î gv‡m| mvg‡b bZyb K‡i D‡b¥vPb Ki‡Qb| mv¤cÖwZK Kv‡ji mvov RvMv‡bv wPšÍvwe` Av‡d«v-K¨vwiexq Avw` es‡kv™¢~Z W. Ave`yjvn& 1492 mv‡ji 12B A‡±vei Kj¤^vm evnvgvi ‡h ‡QvU nvwKg KyB‡Ki ÔwWcvi iæUm ( Deeper Roots)Õ Mªš’ Gi f~-LÛwU‡Z ‡b‡gwQ‡jb Zv Avwèvmx‡ì wbKU Ô¸qvbnvwb R¡jšÍ D`vniY| (Guanhani)Õ bv‡g cwiwPZ wQj| G kãwU gvbwWb&Kv (Mandinka) Ges Aviexi Acåsk| Ô¸qvbvÕ (gyj GZme m‡Ë¡I, ‡Mwfb ‡gbwhm (Gavin Manzies) Gi gZ 2 Shawarma Sandwiches BL&Iqvbv)- i A_© ÔfvBÕ Ges ÔnvwbÕ nj GKwU Aviex bvg| we«wUk BwZnvmwe`MY BwZnv‡mi mZ¨ cÖev‡ni Drm eÜ Kivi or 1 Platter for ONLY $9.95 AvBj¨vÛwUi gyjbvg ÔnvwbåvZv (Hanibrother)Õ cwieZ©b K‡i Rb¨ e‡j _v‡Kb, nvu Av‡gwiKv wVKB Kj¤^v‡mi c~‡e© Avwe®‹…Z Open Daily 11am – 11pm Kj¤^vm Gi c~YtbvgKib K‡ib Ômvb mvj&fvì (San Salva- n‡q _vK‡ZI cv‡i, Z‡e Zv wbN©vZ n‡q‡Q ‡KejgvÎ Pxbv dor)Õ| Kj¤^vm GB ‡Mvôx ev ‡bwUf‡ì m¤§‡Ü wj‡L‡Qb, RvwZi Øviv! 4352 Kingston Rd. Scarborough Zv‡ì ‡Kvb RvZ ag© ‡bB| kvwšÍ wcÖq G RvwZ‡K Lªxóvb a‡g© 647.348.5654 • paradiseshawarma.ca `xw¶Z Ki‡Z n‡j Aek¨B kw³i e`‡j fvjevmvi gva¨‡g . Ui‡›Uv ‡_‡K, Email: [email protected]) Ki‡Z n‡e| BwZnv‡mi m¤¢eZ me‡PÕ KcUZi KvRwU wZwb Gfv‡eB myPZyiZvi mv‡_ mgvav K‡ib| A_P IB GKB mg‡q SPECIAL STUDENT SPECIAL SPECIAL Free Pop $599 $530 when you buy a Poutine & Pop Any Shawarma & a Side Shawarma Wrap Can't combine with other offers. Walk-in only. *Valid for student up to age 22 Valid for any location. Can't combine with Must show student ID, 1 per customer. other offers. Walk-in only. Can’t combine with other offers. Walk-in only. Expires December 31, 2019 Expires December 31, 2019 Expires December 31, 2019

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G wjLvwU Avwg 2016 B›Uvi‡b‡U eøM ‡cvó wnmv‡e cÖKvk Ae¯’vb K‡i gymwjg, Bû`x I wL«÷ag©vej¤^x RbMY ‡m mgv‡R APPROVED AS IS APPROVED WITH CHANGES K‡iwQjvg| ‡m eQi Avgvi evoxi cv‡k Avj dyqvR ‡m›Uv‡i D`xqgvb (Flourshing) Rxeb hvcb KiwQ‡jb Zv Aek¨B cÖksmvi Ui‡›Uv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi BwZnvm wefv‡Mi wc GBP wW QvÎ, BRvR `vex iv‡L| Avi AvaywbK Ávb weÁv‡b Zv‡ì ‡gŠwjK ‡h Ae`vb Avn‡g‡ì cÖYxZ gymwjg ‡¯ú‡bi BwZnvm wel‡q GKwU Av‡Q Zv A¯^xKvi Kiv hvq bv| ZvB ejv hvq AvaywbK ‡i‡bmvui exR AmvaviY Dc¯’vcbv ïbvi my‡hvM n‡qwQj| ZvB wjLvwU g~jZ ZLbB ecb n‡qwQj| SIGNATURE & DATE SIGNATURE & DATE ‡m ‡cÖw¶‡Z wj‡LwQjvg| Z‡e KvbvWvq Bmjv‡gi BwZnvm gvm D`hvcb Dcj‡¶ cÖKvwkZ G ¯§iwYKvq gymwjg ‡¯ú‡bi gymwjg‡ì ‡¯úb weRq ‡_‡K wbe©vm‡bi BwZnvm‡K Kvjvbyµ‡gPLEASE REPLY TO EMAIL WITH YOUR APPROVAL OR CHANGES BwZnvm wel‡q wKQy Rvbv‡bv cÖ‡qvRb g‡b K‡i ‡m wjLvwU wewfbœ kvm‡Ki DËivwaKvi mg‡qi kvmb Kv‡j fv‡M K‡i ‡`L‡ZPlease ensure you have read the notice below before providing your approval. Verify all copy for accuracy and indicate corrections clearly. Direct Response Media Group Inc. is not Your approval gets you a Free listing* on MoneySaver.ca! Your deal GLv‡b cÖKvk Kijvg| n‡e| responsible for errors not marked. Colours (if any) displayed on proof may not match copy exactly. If an error should occur advertiser agrees that DRMG Inc.’s liability shall not exceed an amount equal to the total will be posted online and will accept mobile and printed coupons. consideration actually paid to DRMG. Other than corrections, changes to design or copy may result in 711 ‡_‡K 1614 m‡bi my`xN© cÖvq bq kZ eQ‡ii gymwjg ‡¯ú‡bi • The Dependent Emirate (711-756) additional charges. The customer warrants to DRMG that their supplied subject matter is not copyrighted or BwZnvm wel‡q we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z Aek¨B K‡qKwU c‡e© •The Independent Emirate (756-929) the trademark property of a third party. To support these warranties, the customer agrees to indemnify and hold DRMG harmless for all liability, damages, and attorney fees that may be incurred in any legal action *Ad must have a redeemable offer to qualify for an online coupon. Basic listing only. wjLvi `vex iv‡L| Z‡e mg‡qi Afv‡e Ges AvaywbK cvV‡Ki •The Caliphate (929-1031) connected with copyright infringement involving the work produced or provided. e¨¯ÍZvi K_v wPšÍv K‡i fvejvg AwZ msw¶ßmvi (bird's-eye •The Almoravid Era (1031-1130) view) AvKv‡i wKQy wjLv hvq wK bv| ZvB G wel‡q B›Uvi‡b‡U •Decline (1130-1492) cÖvß wewfbœ Z_¨ m~‡Îi mvnvh¨ wb‡q GLv‡b wKQy Z_¨ ‡kqvi KiwQ cvV‡Ki ‡L`g‡Z| cÖ_g ch©vq - weRq Kvj (711- 756) G mgq gymwjgiv ‡¯ú‡bi AwaKvsk AÂj `Lj K‡i ‡bq wewfbœ AZGe,Avmyb gvbe mf¨Zvi weKv‡k gymwjg‡ì ‡mB bq kZ Pyw³i (treaties) gva¨‡g, †Kvb iKg mivmwi hy× ev AvµgY eQ‡ii BwZnv‡m GKwU `ªæZ mdi K‡i Avwm Ges ‡m BwZnvm QvovB| Avi BwZnvm mv¶x ‡`q ‡¯úb `Lj Kivi ci gymwjg ‡_‡K eZ©gvb gymwjg‡ì wk¶Yxq wK n‡Z cv‡i Zv Av‡jvPbv Kiv kvmKiv ‡m ‡`‡ki wLª÷ag©vej¤^x RbM‡Yi wbivcËv I myi¶vi hvK| wbðqZv w`‡q‡Qb Ges Zv‡ì ag©cvj‡bi AwaKvi eRvq †i‡LwQ‡jb| GLv‡b GKUv e¨vcvi ‡Lqvj Ki‡Z n‡e ‡h gymwjg mf¨Zvi Av‡jvPbvq ïay gymwjg kvmK‡ì mvg«vR¨ we¯Ívi bq eis ‡`L‡Z n‡e ‡m hy‡Mi mvgvwRK I `vk©wbK wPšÍv fvebv,Ávb weÁv‡b,AvU© KvjPv‡i, wkí mvwn‡Z¨ I `vk©wbK wPšÍvavivq mgvR Rxe‡bi ‰bwZKZvq I my¯’ wPšÍvq gymwjg mf¨Zv wK f~wgKv ‡i‡LwQj, Zv bv ‡`L‡j Bmjvgx mf¨Zvi mwVK g~j¨vqb m¤¢e bq| ‡Kbbv BwZnvm PP©vq ïay mvg«vR¨ I ivR‰bwZK wel‡q mxgve× _vK‡j nqZev ivR‰bwZK Kjn ev ¶gZvi jovB I we‡`ªv‡ni Kvwnbx Qvov Ab¨ wKQy bR‡i Avm‡e bv| mf¨Zv wba©viYx wePvi we‡ePbvi Rb¨ ewa©Z cwiwa‡Z `…wó mÂvj‡bi cÖ‡qvRb|

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SINCE 1996 IT’S LIKE GETTING MONEY IN YOUR MAILBOX™

Islamic History Month Canada

Eat In • Take Out • Delivery • Catering

SINCE 1996 IT’S LIKE GETTING MONEY IN YOUR MAILBOX™

DIRECT RESPONSE MEDIA GROUP 240 Wyecroft Road Oakville, ON L6K 2G7 Canada (905) 465-1233 | 1 (866) 993-0600 [email protected] | drmg.com

Any correction to the ad must be requested by the customer within 48 Hours of receiving this APPROVAL REQUEST approval request in order to meet the closing dates, which vary from one issue to another. PUBLICATION: MONEY SAVER ENVELOPE PLEASE NOTE: YOUR AD WILL RUN “AS IS” UNLESS CHANGES ARE MADE TO THIS PROOF, AD SIZE: 5.25”w x 8.25”h SO PLEASE CHECK OFFERS, EXPIRY DATES, CONTACT INFORMATION & ALL WRITTEN COPY. DOCKET NUMBER: 189807-Paradise Shawarma SCARBOROUGH-10&1119-OCT&NOV-GTA-EAST-SM-5 DATE: September 19, 2019 Thank you for using DRMG to promote your business Template updated Nov. 14, 2018

SINCE 1996 IT’S LIKE GETTING MONEY IN YOUR MAILBOX™

PARADISE SHAWARMA AUTHENTIC MEDITERRANEAN CUISINE

2 Shawarma Sandwiches or 1 Platter for ONLY $9.95 Open Daily 11am – 11pm 4352 Kingston Rd. Scarborough 647.348.5654 • paradiseshawarma.ca

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Islamic History Month Canada

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Best Wishes for the exhibation of Bangladesh

ISLAMIC HISTORY MONTH Islamic History CANADA

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Best Wishes for the exhibation of Bangladesh

ISLAMIC HISTORY MONTH Islamic History CANADA

Islamic History Month Canada

wbt¯^ n‡qwQj,| 1793 mv‡j jW© Kb©Iqv‡j‡mi wPi¯’vqx ïK‡bv| m¤¢eZ H Rwg‡Z ‡KD ‡Kvbfv‡e B‡Ui wPý ‡`‡LwQj| e‡›`ve‡¯—i gva¨‡g Rwg`viiv nvivq Zv‡ì Rwg`vwi| Ggwb K‡i gwR` wgqv ûKyg w`‡jb ILvbKvi gvwU KvU‡Z| gvwU KvU‡Z wM‡q wbt¯^ n‡qwQj AmsL¨ gymjgvb| Ae‡k‡l ‡klev‡ii gZ Zviv Ny‡i ‡`Lv ‡Mj B‡Ui ‡PŠev”Pv| hZB gvwU ‡K‡U cy‡ei w`‡K ‡h‡Z `vov‡Z ‡P‡qwQj 1857 mv‡j wmcvnx we‡`«v‡ni gva¨‡g| ‡mB jvMj ZZB GKUvi GKUv ‡PŠev”Pv| j¤^v jvB‡b ‡gvU 40 Uv wece e¨_© n‡j wbixn gymjgvb‡ì‡KI a‡i a‡i dvwm ‡`qv ‡PŠev”Pv cvIqv ‡Mj| cÖ‡Z¨KUvB Lye ‡QvU| cÖ‡Z¨KUvi g‡a¨ n‡qwQj| ‡mB Kvwnbx jxwce× Av‡Q Av›`vgvb e›`xi AvZ¥Kvwnbx GKUv K‡i gvby‡li KsKvj| gvbyl¸‡jv GK GK fv‡e e‡m Av‡Q| M«‡š’| ZvB m‡›`n nq 1757 mv‡ji c‡i gvbe m…ó ev c«vK…wZK ‡KD gv_vq nvZ w`‡q, ‡KD Kcv‡j nvZ w`‡q e‡m Av‡Q| wKfv‡e Ggb ‡Kvb `yi‡hvM n‡qwQj hvi Kvi‡Y GB me AÂj gymjgvb ev ‡Kb ILv‡b H KsKvj¸‡jv G‡jv Rvbv hvqwb| g‡b nq k~b&q ev weivY n‡q wM‡qwQj| GB mgq wb‡q ‡Zgb ‡Kvb M‡elY- WvKv‡Ziv ‡Kvb Kv‡j ‡jvKRb ‡g‡i ‡PŠev”Pv evwb‡q Zvi g‡a¨ vI nq wb| Av‡iv ‡ek wKQy c«ZœZZ¡ wb`k©b i‡q‡Q| bvwg‡q ‡i‡L gvwU Pvcv w`‡qwQj| hv‡nvK ‡mBme nvo KsKvj ‡d‡j w`‡q mg¯— BU DwV‡q gmwR‡` jvMv‡bv n‡jv|Õ gmwR`wU ‡hgb AvMjvi gmwR` m¤ú‡K© Avgvi gv ‰mq`v myjZvbv evby Zvi wbwg©Z n‡qwQj cÖvq ‡`p kZ ermi c~‡e©| ¯§…wZ K_v – cPvuwk I nhiZ kvn Avwj ‡evM`vw`, MÖ‡š’ wj‡L‡Qb ; ÒAvMjvq Avgv‡ì bvbxi evwo‡Z GKUv gmwR` Av‡Q| ‡m evsjv‡`‡ki cÖZœZZ¡ I HwZnvwmK wel‡q M‡elYv Kivi cÖPyi gmwRÙv ‰Zwi Kwi‡qwQ‡jb gwR` wgq| gmwR` evbv‡Z A‡bK my‡hvM i‡q‡Q; wKš‘ ‡mB D‡`¨vM ‡Pv‡L c‡obv| BU jv‡M| Avgv‡ì evwoi DËi w`‡K wQj GKUv cyKyi| cyKy‡ii DËi w`‡Ki avb‡¶Z el©vKv‡j cvwb‡Z f‡i ‡hZ| kxZKv‡j

SINCE 1996 IT’S LIKE GETTING MONEY IN YOUR MAILBOX™

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SINCE 1996 IT’S LIKE GETTING MONEY IN YOUR MAILBOX™

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SINCE 1996 IT’S LIKE GETTING MONEY IN YOUR MAILBOX™

DIRECT RESPONSE MEDIA GROUP 240 Wyecroft Road Oakville, ON L6K 2G7 Canada (905) 465-1233 | 1 (866) 993-0600 [email protected] | drmg.com

SINCE 1996 IT’S LIKE GETTING MONEY IN YOUR MAILBOX™

Islamic History Month Canada

PARADISE SHAWARMA AUTHENTIC MEDITERRANEAN CUISINE

2 Shawarma Sandwiches or 1 Platter for ONLY $9.95 Open Daily 11am – 11pm 4352 Kingston Rd. Scarborough 647.348.5654 • paradiseshawarma.ca

Eat In • Take Out • Delivery • Catering

SINCE 1996 IT’S LIKE GETTING MONEY IN YOUR MAILBOX™

DIRECT RESPONSE MEDIA GROUP 240 Wyecroft Road Oakville, ON L6K 2G7 Canada (905) 465-1233 | 1 (866) 993-0600 [email protected] | drmg.com

SINCE 1996 IT’S LIKE GETTING MONEY IN YOUR MAILBOX™

PARADISE SHAWARMA AUTHENTIC MEDITERRANEAN CUISINE

2 Shawarma Sandwiches or 1 Platter for ONLY $9.95 Open Daily 11am – 11pm 4352 Kingston Rd. Scarborough 647.348.5654 • paradiseshawarma.ca

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GK KvÆv n‡qwQ‡jv GUvI ‡dvim Gi `yRb Awdmvi| ‡Pv‡Li mvg‡b m`¨ ‡kl n‡q hvIqv GLv‡b cÖKvk Kijvg| n‡e| Verify all copy for accuracy and indicate corrections clearly. Direct Response Media Group Inc. is not Your approval gets you a Free listing* on MoneySaver.ca! Your deal responsible for errors not marked. ColoursAvgv‡ì (if any) displayed ARvbv bq| on proof may not match copy exactly. If an errormg‡ii exi ‡ì GZ Kv‡Q ‡`‡L `viæb GK wknib ‡nvj| Mvwo will be posted online and will accept mobile and printed coupons. should occur advertiser agrees that DRMG Inc.’s liability shall not exceed an amount equal to the total‡_‡K ‡b‡g Zv‡ì ï‡f”Qv Rvbv‡Z GwM‡q ‡Mjvg| Avgv‡ì 711 ‡_‡K 1614 m‡bi my`xN© cÖvq bq kZ eQ‡ii gymwjg ‡¯ú‡bi • The Dependent Emirate (711-756) consideration actually paid to DRMG. Other than corrections, changes to design or copy may result in additional charges. 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Islamic History Month Canada tion Gi hyM| G mgq‡K Bmjvwg ‡¯ú‡bi ¯^Y©hy‡Mi m~ÎcvZ `y‡©Mi Pviw`K cwiLv Øviv myiw¶Z K‡i ‡d‡j| Gfv‡eB mevi ‡`Lyb Giv mevB ‡Zv GKv Av‡mb wb| A‡b‡K G‡m‡Qb `j ivR‡ì Avkxe©v` Ges fD‡MvwjK Kvi‡b cwðg evsjv we‡kl wnmv‡e ‡`Lv nq| Av‡M wb‡R‡ì Mw` wbwðZ Kivi ci Zviv wb‡R‡ì ‡mbvevwnbx ej wb‡q| ‡hgb aiæb ‡gvNj mg«v‡Rï ‰mb¨ mvgšÍ cvBK K‡i KjKvZv ZLb eëmv evwb‡Rï gyj ‡K›`« n‡q I‡V| cÖwZôv K‡i Ges me A_©-m¤ú` R‡ov Ki‡Z _v‡K| g~jZ mevB ‡cqv`v G‡ì msL¨v ‡Zv G‡Kev‡i Kg wQjbv ; ‡Zv G‡ì 755-56 wLª÷v‡ã cvw_©e ¶gZv jv‡fi Rb¨B G‡K Ac‡ii mv‡_ cÖwZ‡hvwMZv ïiæ A‡b‡Ki mv‡_ XvKvi ev c~e© evsjvi Awèvwm‡ì A‡b‡Ki we‡q we«wUk ‡ì ivRZ¡ Kvjxb mg‡q c~e© evsjvi me ‡P‡q eo c«vwß G w`‡K ZLb Avie we‡k¦ 750 wLª÷v‡ã AveŸvmxq wecø‡ei ci K‡i Ges G‡K Ab¨‡K `gb Kivi ‡Póv Pvjvq| (Muslim Spain n‡q‡Q, msmvi n‡q‡Q, Gfv‡e Avgv‡ì Rb ‡Mvôxi GKUv ‡evanq XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq | XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi BwZnvm B ev bZyb GK cwiev‡ii nv‡Z wLjvdZ n¯ÍvšÍi nq Ges gymwjg we‡k¦i and Portugal: A Political History of al-Andalus, p.134) weivU Ask GK Uv Ôwg·WÕ esk ‡Z cwibZ n‡q‡Q| Avgv‡ì Avgiv KÕRb Rvwb? Rb¨ bZyb ivRavbx cÖwZwôZ nq evM`v‡`| Z‡e ZLb ‡_‡KB ïiæ ZvBdv ivRv‡ì ‰ewkó¨: RbmsLv e…w× ‡Z Gai‡bi Ôwg·WÕ gvby‡li msL¨v AcÖZyj bq| ZvBdv ivRv‡ì ‡KDB DgvBqv cwiev‡ii wQjbv, Ges ivR¨ nq wewfbœ AvÂwjK kvmK‡ì we‡`«vn I Avf¨šÍixY ivR‰bwZK j¶¨ Ki‡eb, evsjv‡`‡ki wL«÷vb m¤cÖ`v‡qi AwaKvs‡ki mvi XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq ¯’vwcZ nq 1921 mv‡j Avi Zvi Av‡M Gi Kjn-we‡iva Z_v gymwjg Lwjdvi Aev‡a¨ Pjvi cÖeYZv I ¶gZv kvm‡bi Rb¨ HwZn¨MZ `vexI Zv‡ì wQjbv| ïaygvÎ ¶gZv ‡bBg Gi mv‡_ ciZywMR ‡ì bv‡gi wgj i‡q‡Q| Kvib ZLb wm×vš— nq 1912 mv‡ji 2iv ‡de«yqvwi| Gi BwZnvm UvI `L‡ji c«wZ‡hvMxZv, Z_v cÖwZØb&Øx wLjvdZ †NvlYv! Gi d‡j `Lj K‡i mgv‡R KZ©…Z¡ Rvwni Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ mvgwiK Awfhvb DËi Avwd«Kvi ¯^vqËkvmb Ab¨vb¨ AÂ‡ji Zyjbvq Av‡iv e…w× Pjv‡bv wQj Zv‡ì ‡bkv| Gfv‡e Rwg `Lj Kivi gv‡SB Zviv G‡`‡k A‡bK cZ©yMxR iv eëmv Ges ag© we¯—vi Ki‡Z PgrKvi| 1905 mv‡ji RyjvBq gv‡m Z`vbwš—b fvBm iq jW© cvq| AveŸvmxq wec‡ei mgq DgvBqv` ivRes‡ki Avãyi ingvb mxgve× wQj| wbR wbR iv‡Rï RbMY‡K eënvi K‡i wbR wbR Av‡mb| KvR©b esM f‡½i wmavš— ‡`b Ges ‡m eQ‡iB 16 A‡±vei Zv (1g) `v‡g¯‹ ‡_‡K ‡¯ú‡b cvwj‡q hvb Ges wb‡R‡K K‡W©vevi ‡mbvevwnbx M‡o gymwjg ivRv‡ì gv‡S Ggb hy× ‡¯ú‡b ev¯—evwqZ nq| Gi ga¨ w`‡q c~e© evsjv Ges Avmvg ‡K wb‡q Avwgi ‡NvlYv K‡ib| Bmjvg‡K fq¼i cwiYwZi w`‡K ‡V‡j ‡`q| XvKv ‡mB mg‡q eëmv evwb‡Rï c«vb ‡K‡›`« iæcvšÍwiZ nq| GKwU Avjv`v ivR¨ Ges Ab¨ w`‡K cwðg evsjv wenvo Ges RvnvR ‰Zwi, n¯Í wkí, ‡U·UvBj we‡kl K‡i gmwjb wkí Dwih¨v ‡K wb‡q Av‡iK wU iv‡Rï m…wó nq | c~e© evsjvi g~jZ Avj-Av›`vjym (gymwjg ‡¯úb) mvd‡jï P~ovq ‡cŠuQvq 1000 wL«÷vb‡ì AMªhvÎv ZLb XvKv kni ‡K Abb¨ GK gh©v`vq wb‡q hvq| Ab¨ w`‡K gymwjg c«avb Rbc` GB wm×vš— ‡K ‡g‡b wb‡jI cwðg wLª÷v‡ãi w`‡K| ivR‰bwZK Ges A_©‰bwZK, Dfq w`K w`‡qB ZvBdv ivRviv gymwjg D¤§vi GKZv I ¯^v_© ‡Q‡o ïaygvÎ wb‡R‡ì evsjv, we‡kl K‡i c~e© evsjv Pvj ißvwb‡Z ZLb mwe‡kl evsjvi Awaevwmiv GB wm×vš— c«Z¨vLvb K‡i Ges Gi K‡W©vevi GB DgvBqv wLjvdZ wQj cwðg BD‡iv‡ci me‡P‡q ¶gZv cvKv ‡cv³ Kivi ‡bkvq gË nIqvq GKgvÎ hviv ZvBdv mybvg AR©b K‡i| Avi GB mg¯Í wKQyi AMªfv‡M wQj evsjvi wei“‡× Av›`‡jvb ï«y K‡i| Zv‡ì we‡ivwaZvi A‡bK Kvib kw³ai ivó«| ÁvbvR©b Ges wk¶veë¯’vi w`K w`‡q, ‰kwíK, hy‡M cÖK…Zc‡¶ DcK…Z n‡qwQj Zviv n‡”Q Avj-Av›`vjy‡mi gymwjg m¤cÖ`vq| wewfbœ Rb wewfbœ fv‡e Dc¯’vcbv K‡i‡Qb Z‡e Zvi ‡fZi mvgvwRK K…wZ‡Z¡i w`K w`‡q Avj-Av›`vjym gymwjg we‡k¦i Ab¨ ‡h DËiw`‡K wL«÷vb ivR¨mg~n| hLb GKw`‡K ZvBdv¸‡jv G‡K `y‡Uv Kvib ‡K Avwg c«avb Kvib fvwe| GK wU nj cwðg evsjv ‡Kvb Ask‡K Qvwo‡q wM‡qwQj, we‡kl K‡i BivK, wgki Ges Ac‡ii mv‡_ hy‡× e¨¯Í, Ab¨w`‡K ZLb wL«÷vb ivR¨¸‡jv GB Bs‡iR‡ì evsjv `L‡ji ci ‡_‡KB XvKvevmx‡ì fvM¨ Lviv‡- ‡K wb‡q ‡h ivR¨ wU MwVZ n‡qwQj Zv‡Z evsjv fvlvfvwliv cvi‡mï g‡Zv DbœZ mf¨Zv‡KI| Z‡e cieZ©x 50 eQ‡iB my‡hv‡Mi mØënvi K‡i| Zviv Zv‡ì ivR¨ ‡_‡K `w¶Y w`‡K ci myPbv nq| K…wl Lv‡Z cÖ_g av°v Uv Av‡m hLb we«wUk ivR msL¨vjNy‡Z cwibZ nevi Avk¼v wQj| Avevi ‡KD ‡KD GUvI mewKQy‡Z cwieZ©b Avm‡Z ïiæ K‡i| GK kw³kvjx Ges HKë× AM«mi n‡q gymwjg AÂj¸‡jv `Lj Ki‡Z _v‡K| GUvB wQj ‡NvlYv K‡i ‡h hviv Rwg Rgvi gvwjK Z‡ì mevB‡K avibv K‡ib ‡h c~e© evsjv Ges Avmvg ‡K wb‡q bZyb ivR¨ n‡e ivó« ‡_‡K Avj-Av›`vjym cwiYZ nq GK wef³, f½¸i, Ges GKv`k kZvãx‡Z Avj-Av›`vjy‡mi A‡bK AÂj gymwjg‡ì nvZ miKv‡ii Kv‡Q ‡m mg¯— Rwgi `wjj Rgv w`‡q Zv‡ì Rvi ivRavbx n‡e XvKv, ‡m Ae¯’vq KjKvZv ‡Kw›`«K eëmv ivR‰bwZKfv‡e ewntkw³i Dci wbfi«kxj GK iv‡ó«| G Qvov nevi cÖavb KviY| gvwjKvbv ‡K wm× Ki‡Z n‡e| hviv ch©vß KvMR cÎ Rgv w`‡Z evwbR¨ Ges me© ‡¶‡Î cwðg evsjvi KZ©…Z¡ A‡bK UvB Le© mgqwU‡K ejv nq ÒZvBdv hyMÓ, (we‡`ªvnx ¶y`ª cÖkvm‡bi hyM) cvi‡e bv, Zv‡ì Rwg miKvi KZ©…K ev‡Rqvß Kiv n‡e| n‡e| fv‡Mï wK wbigg cwinvm, AvR ‡K KjKvZvq hLb Avj-Av›`vjy‡mi cZ‡bi exR ‡ivwcZ nq Ges Gi d‡j me©cÖ_g ‡h ZvBdv ivó« wL«÷vb‡ì Kv‡Q mvnvh¨ Pvq ‡mwU wQj evsjvfvlx iv GK iKg msL¨vjNy | Avi KjKvZv ev cwðg Avj-Av›`vjy‡mi P~ovšÍ cZb nq 1492 wLª÷v‡ã| mv‡eK DgvBqv wLjvd‡Zi ivRavbx, K‡W©vev| GKv`k kZvãxi ‡m hy‡M `wjj BZ¨vw` msi¶‡bi ‡Kvb myeë¯’v wQjbv, evsjv ‡K Qvwc‡q evsjv Avi ev½vjx‡K me© ‡¶‡Î wek¦ ìev‡i ïiæi w`‡K wLjvd‡Zi cZb n‡j kn‡ii Af¨šÍ‡i K‡W©vevi A‡b‡Ki c‡¶B miKv‡ii GB `vwe gvbv m¤¢e n‡q I‡Vwb| cwiwPZ Ki‡Q evsjv‡`k| Awaevmx Ges mv¤cÖwZKKv‡j DËi Avwd«Kv ‡_‡K AvMZ evievi ÒZvBdv hy‡MÓ wK N‡UwQj? ‡mKvi‡b K…wl wk‡íi mv‡_ m¤ú…³ eû abx ivZvivwZ wbtm n‡q 976 wL«÷v‡ã GK 10 eQi eqmx evjK Avj-Av›`vjy‡mi DgvBqv ‡hv×v‡ì gv‡S Øb&Ø-msNvZ ïiæ n‡q hvq| 1010 ‡_‡K 1013 hvq | GB Rwg cieZ©x Kv‡j we«wUk miKvi bxj Pvl Gi Rb¨ ‡m hvK, XvKv wek¦ we`¨vj‡q ‡div hvK | cwðg evsjvi ivR‰bwZK wLjvd‡Zi DËivwaKvix nIqvq Lwjdvi Avm‡b emv‡bv nq| wKš‘ wL«÷v‡ãi g‡a¨ kn‡i wb‡R‡ì mvgwiK wbqš¿Y cÖwZôvi Rb¨ Dfq eënvi K‡i Avevi wKQy Rwg Rgv gnvRb ‡ì Kv‡Q wewµ K‡i mvs¯‹…wZK Ges eëvmvwqK mgvR ‡K Zyó Ki‡Z cieZ©x fvBm iq jW© ‡h‡nZy ‡m wQj m‡egvÎ GKRb evjK, ZvB ‡bZ…Z¡ ‡`qvi g‡Zv c¶B fvov‡U wL«÷vb ‰mb¨‡ì wb‡qvM ‡`q| K‡qK kZvãxi g‡a¨ Ae¯’v Zvi wQjbv| ‡bZ…‡Z¡i g~jkw³ P‡j hvq DgvBqv Av`vj‡Zi GB cÖ_g, gymwjg ‡¯ú‡bi mv‡eK ivRavbx K‡W©vevi iv¯Ívq ‡`q| nvwW©Ä 1911 mv‡j evsjv ‡K Avevi GK evsjv Kievi wm×vbgk‡bb| GK Dc‡`óv ÒAvj-gvbmyi Beb Avwe AvgxiÓ Gi Kv‡Q| Agymwjg ‡hv×viv A¯¿ cÖ`k©b K‡i c¨v‡iW K‡i| Ab¨ w`‡K GK wU fqven c«vK…wZK `y‡h©vM XvKv ‡Kw›`«K eëmv G wm×vbgk ‡K mefveZB c~e© evsjvi Z`Kvwjb wewkó e¨w³ iv fvj Avj-gvbmy‡ii mwµq Ges Kvh©Kix ‡bZ…‡Z¡ AvB‡ewiqv ‡cwbbmyjv evwb‡Rï ‡mvbvjx mgq‡K asm K‡i ‡`q| fv‡e MÖnb K‡ibwb| ZLbKvi XvKvi beve LvRv bvwRgywÏ‡bi ‡bwÎ‡Ë (eZ©gvb ‡¯úb Ges cZ©yMvj)-i gymwjgMY Zv‡ì DbœwZi Pig K‡W©vevi wfZ‡ii Ggb Øb&Ø-msNv‡Zi D`vniY Ab¨ gymwjg Zvuiv ZLb XvKvq GKUv wek¦ we`¨vjq ¯’vc‡bi `vex ‡Zv‡jb, Zvwi ‡kL‡i ‡cŠuQvq| Z‡e Avj-gvbmy‡ii GK‡PwUqv ‡bZ…Z¡B wQj ZvBdv¸‡jvI Abymib Ki‡Z jvM‡jv | ZvivI `ªæZ wb‡R‡ì 1762 mv‡ji 2 iv Gwc«j evsjv‡`‡ki PÆM«vg Ges cvk¦©eZ©x ‡c«w¶‡Z we«wUk ivR Gi fvBm iq jW© nvwW©Ä ZLb XvKv wek¦ we`¨vjq Lwjdvi ¸iæZ¡ nvwi‡q hvIqvi g~j KviY| evwnbx‡ZB fvW়v‡U wL«÷vb ‰mb¨‡ì wb‡qvM ‡`qv ïiæ K‡i, ‡`k wgqvbgvi Gi AvivKv‡b GKwU fq¼i fywgK¤ú nq hvi ¯’vc‡bi wm×všÍ‡bb| GgbwK DËivÂ‡ji wewfbœ wL«÷vb ivRv‡ì‡K Zv‡ì c¶ n‡q Kvi‡b e‡½vcmvM‡i GKwU mybvwgi m…wó nq| Gi c«fve AviI 1002 wL«÷v‡ã Avj-gvbmy‡ii g…Zÿi ci ‡MvUv Avj-Av›`vjy‡m Ab¨ gymwjg ZvBdvi weiæ‡× hy× Kivi Aby‡iva K‡i| Avi G me A‡bK kn‡i we‡kl K‡i XvKvq AbyfyZ nq| GB mybvwgi XvKv wek¦ we`¨vjq ¯’vc‡bi Rb¨ beve mwjgyjvnÕi Ae`vb GLv‡bB A‰bK¨ gv_vPov w`‡q D‡V, Ges LwjdvI Zvi KZ©…Z¡ Rvwni Ki‡Z hy‡×i Kvi‡Y ‡b‡g Av‡m Pig A_©‰bwZK wech©q| Ae¯’v Ggb Kvi‡b e«þcyÎ b`xi Rj c«evn XvKvi c~e© w`‡Ki b`x ‡_‡K ‡kl bq| wZwb Gi Rb¨ 600 GKi Rwgi eëv¯’v K‡ib ‡hLv‡b e¨_© nb| djvdj¯îƒc ‡MvUv AvB‡ewiqv ‡cwbbmyjvi wewfbœ n‡q `vovq ‡h, wL«÷vb ivRv‡ì wcQ‡b G‡Zv ‡ekx cwigvY A_© XvKv ‡_‡K c«vq 150 wK wg hgybvi DÌv‡bi ‡fZi w`‡q Zvi XvKv wek¦ we`¨vjq QvovI cÖ‡KvDkj wek¦ we`¨vjq ( BUET) cÖ‡`‡ki kvm‡Kiv Zv‡ì wbR wbR cÖ‡`k‡K ¯^vaxb ‡NvlYv K‡i e¨q Kivi d‡j Zviv wb‡R‡ì cÖwZi¶vi kw³B nvwi‡q ‡d‡j| w`K cwieiZb K‡i| m…wó nq wekvj hgybv b`xi| ¯’vwcZ nq| XvKv Ges c~e© evsjvi ZLbKvi AbMÖmi gymwjg GB cÖ‡`k¸‡jv ÒZvBdvÓ (we‡`ªvnx `jxq) bv‡g cwiwPZ wQj| ev½vjx‡ì Rb¨ beve mwjgyjvn AviI bvbv ai‡bi cÖ‡P÷v wQj| K‡W©vev wLjvd‡Zi cZ‡bi ci 1031 wLª÷v‡ã Avj-Av›`vjy‡mi ZvBdv hy‡Mi mgvwß XvKvi evwbR¨ ¯^fveZB ZLb wQj cwðg gywL| ‡gvNj ZvBdv cÖ‡`kmg~n ZvBdv¸‡jvi DÌv‡bi e¨vcv‡i me‡q fvj ZvBdv¸‡jvi Øb&Ø-msNv‡Zi GB me©bvkv Pµ hw` Ae¨vnZ mg«vU‡ì ivRavwb, BD‡ivc Gi eo eo evRvi meB wQj XvKv wek¦ we`¨vjq ‡K GK w`b cÖvPï A·‡dvW© ejv nZ, e¨vL¨v w`‡q‡Qb Ave`vjvn Be‡b eyjywMb, whwb ZvBdv¸‡jvi _vK‡Zv, Zvn‡j ‡MvUv Avj-Av›`vjym GKv`k wKsev Øv`k kZvãxi XvKvi cwð‡g | Avi ZLb hvZvqv‡Zi gyj evnb wQj ‡Nvov BwZnvm e‡j XvKv K‡qK kZK Av‡M Cl©v Kievi gZ GK wU DÌv‡bi mgmvgwqwK GK e¨w³Z¡ Ges mswkó mewKQyi cÖZ¨¶ g‡a¨B wL«÷vb‡ì n¯ÍMZ n‡q ‡hZ| hvB ‡nvK, GgbwU Avi Avi ‡NvoviMvwo | wekvj ‡`wn hgybv ZLb ‡µZvi AvMgb kni wQj| Avmyb Avgiv XvKv ‡K wb‡q Mie Kwi| Avgv‡ì AwfÁZv N‡Uwb| ZvBdv¸‡jv hLb AvB‡ewiqv ‡cwbbmyjvq wb‡R‡ì gv‡S ejyb Avi ißvwb ejyb `y ‡¶‡ÎB wekvj GK Aš—ivq ‰Zwi ‡d‡j Avmv AZxZ b‡q Me© ‡eva Kwi| AR©bKvix: ÒhLb Avj-gvbmy‡ii ÔAvwgwi` ivRes‡ki BwZ N‡U hy×-weMÖ‡n e¨¯Í, wVK ‡m mgq DËi Avwd«Kvq GK bZyb Av‡›`vjb K‡i| GK w`‡K K…wl Ab¨ w`‡K wk‡íi GB aŸm XvKv ‡Kw›`«K ‡R‡M DVwQj| Ges RbMY Bgvgnxb ev ‡bZvnxb n‡q c‡o, ZLb mKj mvgwiK eëmvqxiv Avi mvg‡j DV‡Z cv‡iwb| Ab¨ w`‡K we«wUk ‡mbvcwZiv hvi hvi kn‡ii ¶gZv MÖnY K‡i ‡bq Ges wb‡R‡ì

38 IslamicIslamic History History Month Month Canada Canada

Best Wishes for the exhibation of Bangladesh

ISLAMIC HISTORY MONTH Islamic History CANADA Islamic History Month Canada

Best Wishes for the exhibation of Bangladesh

ISLAMIC HISTORY MONTH Islamic History CANADA

40 Best Wishes for the exhibation of Bangladesh

ISLAMIC HISTORY MONTH Islamic History CANADA

Islamic History Month Canada

SINCE 1996 IT’S LIKE GETTING MONEY IN YOUR MAILBOX™

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Islamic History Month Canada

ISLAMIC HISTORY MONTH PARADISE SHAWARMA BANGLADESH AUTHENTIC MEDITERRANEAN CUISINE Mosques of Bangladesh

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DIRECT RESPONSE MEDIA GROUP 240 Wyecroft Road Oakville, ON L6K 2G7 Canada (905) 465-1233 | 1 (866) 993-0600 [email protected] | drmg.com

SINCE 1996 IT’S LIKE GETTING MONEY IN YOUR MAILBOX™

PARADISE SHAWARMA AUTHENTIC MEDITERRANEAN CUISINE

2 Shawarma Sandwiches or 1 Platter for ONLY $9.95 Open Daily 11am – 11pm 4352 Kingston Rd. Scarborough 647.348.5654 • paradiseshawarma.ca

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43 Islamic History Month Canada ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ISLAM in Bangladesh Event

Event Organizers Volunteers

01.NOSHIN JARIN MOHIUDDIN AHMED 02. MANTAKA MAMUN ASAD CHOWDHURY 03. SAMARAH SIDDIQUEE ASADUL ASHRAF 04. SAUDA SIDDIQUEE SHAHID KHANDKER 05. RUQAYA HAQ NURUL ISLAM 06. SABIYA HAQ SHAHIN SIDDIQUEE 07. NAFISA MAHBUB MAHBUB LATIF BHUIYAN 08. AHIYAN HAQUE MOHD ERSHAD KABIR 09. TANZILA RAHMAN ABUJAFAR MAHTAB 10. NAVEEN YASIR ZIL JANAHAIN JAIGIRDAR 11. MOHAMMED TAHSIN KHAN SYED JALALUDDIN 12. ASIYA KHAN SIRAJ IQBAL 13. RAEED SHEIKH WAHIDUR RAHMAN 14 JIBRAN CHOUDHURY. ZOHURUL ISLAM 15 MARJAN CHOWDHURY

Support Team Special thanks to Dr. Abdullah Hakim Quick for his guidance SHOAIB MOHAMMED and the management of Islamic Institute of MEZBAH MAHTAB Toronto for their support . SALWA MOHIUDDIN Also thanks to all sponsors of the event RUBY AMIN and Vision Infinite Foundation for LAMIYA CHOWDHURY their cooperation.

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