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Germany and China – Perception and Reality the Huawei Study 2014 Germany and China – Perception and Reality The Huawei Study 2014 in collaboration with GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies und TNS Emnid Blue means: Green means: What do the Germans What do the Chinese think of the Chinese? think of the Germans? German population Chinese population 2014: n = 1,000 2014: n = 1,000 2012: n = 1,000 2012: n = 1,319 German political decision-makers Chinese political decision-makers 2014: n = 100 2014: n = 100 2012: n = 80 2012: n/a German economic decision-makers Chinese economic decision-makers 2014: n = 200 2014: n = 200 2012: n = 170 2012: n/a A contour or n/a (not available) means A contour or n/a (not available) means that the question was not asked either in that the question was not asked either in the respective country, in the certain survey group, the respective country, in the certain survey group, or in the year 2012. or in the year 2012. Due to rounding, all percentage values in fi gures, Due to rounding, all percentage values in fi gures, diagrams, and tables are summed up at ±100 %. diagrams, and tables are summed up at ±100 %. Germany and China – Perception and Reality The Huawei Study 2014 in collaboration with giga German Institute of Global and Area Studies and tns Emnid Contents 1. Foreword Michael Clauss, German Ambassador to the People‘s Republic of China . 008 Shi Mingde, Chinese Ambassador to the Federal Republic of Germany . 009 Toni Cheng . 010 Prof. Dr. Patrick Köllner . 011 2. Study results 2014 at a glance Executive summary . 014 3. Methodology 3.1 Study design: Survey . 020 3.2 Study design: Media analysis . 022 4. General: Interests and knowledge 4.1 Spontaneous associations and interests . 026 4.2 Knowledge of the country . 030 4.3 Contact with the other country . 032 003 5. Politics and the state 6.5 Brand image and brand awareness . 122 6.5.1 Perception . 122 5.1 Results at a glance . 039 6.5.2 Chinese brands – strong market presence, but image problems . 127 5.1.1 Survey . 039 5.1.2 Media analysis . 040 6.6 Guest article: Dr. Theo Sommer Rocket fuel in the leadership: Notes on China’s peaceful ascent . 132 5.2 Political system . 042 5.2.1 Perception . 042 6.7 Guest article: Dr. Martin Brudermüller 5.2.2 The political system of China: A model sui generis? . 044 Advocates of each other – Momentum for new approaches . 136 5.3 The state and society . 050 5.3.1 Perception . 050 5.3.2 Transformation of the state and society in the Internet age . 056 7. Society and culture 5.4 International political context . 062 7.1 Results at a glance . 143 5.4.1 Perception . 062 7.1.1 Survey . 143 5.4.2 China in world politics: Active participant or passive observer? . 065 7.1.2 Media analysis . 144 5.5 Bilateral political relations . 070 7.2 National culture and mentality . 146 5.5.1 Perception . 070 7.2.1 Perception . 146 5.5.2 China, Germany and the world: Strategic partnerships . 073 7.2.2 China and Germany – a cultural comparison . 148 5.6 Guest article: Prof. Dr. Eberhard Sandschneider 7.3 Social transformation . 154 Understanding China better is the foremost priority of the West . 076 7.3.1 Perception . 154 7.3.2 Social and demographic perspectives . 157 5.7 Guest article: Prof. Dr. Katja Levy Interpretation of Chinese politics – for more differentiated analyses and 7.4 Education . 166 less word salad . 078 7.4.1 Perception . 166 7.4.2 Pressure to perform and success in education . 168 7.5 Attitude toward the other culture . 174 6. Economy and innovation 7.5.1 Perception . 174 7.5.2 Between enthusiasm and distance . 175 6.1 Results at a glance . 083 6.1.1 Survey . 083 7.6 Guest contribution: Britta Heidemann 6.1.2 Media analysis . 084 Building bridges – overcoming boundaries . 178 6.2 International and bilateral economic relations . 086 6.2.1 Perception . 086 6.2.2 The rise of China – Catalyst for high expectations and fear of crowding-out . 089 8. Sources and authors 6.3 Innovation . 104 List of fi gures . 182 6.3.1 Perception . 104 Bibliography . 185 6.3.2 Between imitation and innovation . 106 Authors . 194 Imprint . 195 6.4 Product quality . 116 6.4.1 Perception . 116 6.4.2 Between high-tech and problematic products . 118 Contents 005 1. Foreword Michael Clauss Shi Mingde German Ambassador to the Chinese Ambassador to the People’s Republic of China Federal Republic of Germany Today, China is Germany’s most important political, economic and cultural partner in Asia. The People’s Republic of China and the Federal Republic of Germany established diplomatic Germany has established such an extensive partnership with almost no other countries outside relations more than 40 years ago. The relationship between our countries has become close of Europe. Germany has become China’s most important partner within Europe. and friendly during this period. Since 1972, more than 20 years altogether, I myself have lived in Germany and, by virtue of my work, have experienced first-hand how the relations have Politically, the close-knit network of relations is manifested in the annual German-Chinese developed into a strategic partnership to our mutual benefit, to which I have also been able government consultations agreed upon in 2011. In these consultations, as strategic partners, we to contribute. address the entire range of future-oriented issues, from foreign policy to energy, climate, urbanization, electric vehicles, and professional education. This has allowed our relationship The Federal Chancellor, Angela Merkel, was the first head of government to congratulate the to become so intimate that we are also able to address delicate issues like human rights or new Prime Minister Li Keqiang in March last year. In turn, on his first foreign tour in May 2013, media freedom. Germany was the only country in the European Union that Prime Minister Li visited. Eco- nomically too, our bilateral relations are extremely successful and are contributing to the mutual Economically, China and Germany are each other’s most important business partners in Asia prosperity of the other partner. German investment in China therefore increased recently and Europe. Our bilateral trade volume has increased since 1972 by a factor of more than 300, by almost 60 percent and Chinese investment in Germany by 30 percent. The relationships and now amounts to over 140 bn eur. German enterprises have been successfully investing in between our countries as cultural nations are also becoming more diverse, as shown by the China for a long time. Meanwhile, China is also investing in Germany. 17% of all of China’s Cultural Year of China in Germany, 2012, and the Chinese-German Language Year, 2013-2014. newly founded developments.
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