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US Patent 2284473

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US Patent 2284473 May 26, 1942. A, S, MENASCO ETAL 2,284,473 MULTIPLE MOTOR DRIVE FOR AIRCRAFT PROPELLERS Filed May 27, 1938 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 2 NSINSA NSSN ??? SS2s2N 6 O May 26, 1942. A, S, MENASCO ETAL 2,284,473 ULTIPLE MOTOR DRIVE FOR AIRCRAFT PROFELLERS Filed May 27, 1938 4. Sheets-Sheet 2 N Z ZZZZZZZZZXZZZ2 s AS 4 u n l i i V ' ' ' ' V~ " " ~ ~ ‘ SEC F?Of)rn 60 May 26, 1942. A. S. MENAsco ETAL 2,284,473 MULTIPLE MOTOR DRIVE FOR AIRCRAFT PROPELLERS Filed May 27, 1938 4. Sheets-Sheet 3 %2S NY - " " - ' ' ' ' )ta"(ii f(06ff 60 May 26, 1942. A. S. MENASCO ETAL 2,284,473 MULTIPLE MOTOR DRIVE FOR AIRCRAFT PROPELLERS Filed May 27, 1938 4. Sheets-Sheet 4 v v - 60 Search Room Patented May 26, 1942 2,284,473 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,284,473 MULTIPLE MOTOR ORVE FOR, AIRCRAFT PROPELLERS Albert S. Menasco, San Gabriel, and Hall L. Hibbard, North Hollywood, Calif., assignors, by mesne assignments, to Vega Aircraft Corpora tion, a corporation of California Application May 27, 1938, Serial No. 210,392 7 Claims, (Cl. 170-135.6) This invention relates to aircraft, and par Figure 4. is a section taken in a general hori ticularly to aircraft propelled by a plurality of zontal direction on the line 4-4 of Figure 6, and motors. showing a part of the mechanism of the motor The invention is applicable to a type of mul and propeller shaft in horizontal section, with tiple motor drive in which a plurality of motor the remainder of the power plant in plan, and units are employed to drive the same propeller showing the accessory drive broken a Way. shaft. Figure 5 is an enlarged fragmental view of the One of the objects of the invention is to provide over-running clutch mechanism embodied in our a construction whereby a normal or predeter invention. mined driving speed of rotation of a propeller 10 Figure 6 is a front elevation of the motor con shaft may be maintained from a multiple motor struction illustrating the cylinder arrangement, System even though the driving speed of one of and showing portions of the propeller blades the motor units drops below the speed required broken away, and with a portion of the pitch for maintaining the propeller shaft at the se controlling mechanism illustrated in Cross-sec lected or desired speed of rotation of the pro 5 tion. peller shaft. Figure 7 is a front elevation of a motor con The invention is particularly useful in aircraft struction in which the propeller shaft is elevated employing accessories driven by the main en above the position illustrated in Figure 6, to gines, for example, pumps for maintaining pres adapt the position of the propeller shaft to mili Sure for any purpose, such as operating landing 20 tary purposes enabling a gun barrel to be aligned gear, or for maintaining a partial vacuum in in with the propeller shaft to enable the firearm to struments on the dash or instrument board, that be fired through the shaft. depend for their operation on the maintenance Figure 8 is a side elevation of the mode of con of a partial vacuum, because with the present in struction illustrated in Figure 7, and further vention, this degree of vacuum can be maintained illustrating details of this type of motor. Substantially constant regardless of whether any Figure 9 is a diagrammatic view in the nature or all of the motor units has become inactive. of a side elevation, and illustrating the connec Further objects of the invention will appear tions of the accessories driven by the motors, to hereinafter. the instrument board and landing gear. The invention consists in the novel parts and It has heretofore been suggested for many Combination of parts to be described hereinafter, years that a multiple motor drive for a single all of which contribute to produce an efficient propeller shaft might be provided wherein multiple motor drive for aircraft propellers. clutches have been interposed between the pro A preferred embodiment of the invention is de peller shaft and the drive shafts of the individual Scribed in the following specification, while the 5 motors, It has been suggested that through this broad Scope of the invention is pointed out in medium a drive for an aircraft might be had the appended claims. wherein the aircraft might be maintained in In the drawings: flight even though one of the motors stops or is Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section stopped, or is even incapacitated, so that it can through the propeller shaft of a multiple motor 40 no longer act as a driving element. To appli driven propeller, and showing a portion of the cants” knowledge, no such combination has ever inner ends of the propeller blades broken away. been flown successfully. The fundamental error This view also ilustrates the drive to the centri residing in these suggestions has been due to the fugal governor, and the drive to the accessories fact that when one of such motors stops for any which are driven in common by all of the motors, reason, or ceases to act as a driver, that the power Ol' motor units. This section is taken on the input to the propeller shaft is decreased to such line - of Figure 6. an extent that the propeller ceases to operate Figure 2 is a diagrammatic section taken on efficiently with the result that it is difficult, if the line 2-2 of Figure 1, and illustrates details of not impossible, to maintain the aircraft in flight. the pump which constitutes an element included 50 Such suggestions of a multiple motor drive for in the combination embodying the invention. propeller shaft are contained in the early Ger Figure 3 is a plan view, with the propeller man patent to Ferdinand Porsche, No. 273,515, shaft broken away, and shown partially in sec of April 27, 1914. tion. This view illustrates diagrammatically the In endeavoring to utilize this principle of a control for pitch of the propeller blades. 55 multiple engine, or multiple power unit drive to 2 2,284,473 a single propeller shaft, we have found that for units for driving the operating liquid past this Such combination to be practically operable, it Valve. With this organization of elements, it will is desirable that means be provided wherein the be evident that in case One Of the motor un 1 tS, propeller shaft may be maintained at a substan or any motor included in a motor unit, for any tially constant speed irrespective of the power reason begins to operate to delive less poWC1, input of the shaft, or without regard as to that the power input to the propeller shaft will Whether or not one of such multiple power ele drop off and the propeller shaft Speed of opera ments stops or becomes incapacitated. tion Will decrease, and this decrease in Speed of In order to provide such a multiple engine the propeller shaft will be accompanied With a hook-up to a single propeller shaft, we provide a O change in propeller blade pitch. So that with the propeller control means operated from the pro decreased power input the Speed of the propeller peller shaft so that as the power input to the shaft Will remain substantially constant at the propeller shaft drops so as to normally reduce previously determined setting of the control the speed of rotation of the propeller shaft, the device. pitch of the propeller blades varies in accord In accordance with our invention also, we pro ance with the power input to maintain the pro vide means for driving the accessories of the alr peller operating at substantially a constant speed. craft from all of the motor units. This 1S also This enables such a multiple engine hook-up to most conveniently accomplished by effecting the a single propeller shaft to function efficiently and drive through the propeller shaft which is, of to operate effectively to maintain the aircraft in 20 course, driven by all the motor units. In tills flight by allowing the remaining engine or en way instruments on the instrument board of the gines to turn at approximately their rated speed aircraft depending for their Operation upon a and deliver their full power, even though one partial vacuum, can be maintained fully opera of such power units or engines stops ol' is, for any tive in case of stopping of, or an accident to, any reason, incapacitated. motor unit by reason of the fact that Substan We have also discovered that if such a nultiple tially the same normal partial vacuum can pe engine drive to a single propeller Shaft is to Op maintained at the instrument board in Spilte Of erate effectively and reliably, it is essential that the fact that one or more Of the motor unlitS Ol' the multiple engines be so connected With the an engine included in the same, may have be propeller shaft and the propeller shaft SO al 30 come inoperative. This feature also enables the ranged as to drive the essential auxiliary units hydraulic pressure for liquid to operate, or ex so that should one of such engines or driving ample, a hydraulic landing gear, to be maln elements stop for any reason, or become incapac tained at its normal pressure, thereby insuring itated, that a drive will be provided to the es that even if some one or more of the motor unlts sential auxiliaries as will maintain such auxiliary is out of Service, the landing gear Will be supplied units in operation independently of the motor Ol' with operating fluid, or liquid, at the pressure engine which has stopped.
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