Free floating bike sharing service in Aalto Otaniemi campus

Ze Zhou Chengxi Zhang Intro Free floating bike sharing service in Aalto Otaniemi campus Contents 1.Background Intro 2. Classification of BSS 3. In global

History: • As a matter of fact, it has a half century of history since its first appearance in Amsterdam. Back then, ordinary bike was provided by government for public use • The bike sharing system evolved into the 2nd generation, which could be picked up and returned at specific locations throughout the central city with a coin deposit. • With the rapid development of information technology, bike sharing comes alive. Nowadays, GPS, electronic bike lock and telecommunication technic make bicycles much smarter and also traceable. Those advanced technology give rise to a new generation of bike sharing system.

Benefits: • Environment: The use of bikes has positive effects on the environment because it produces little air and noise pollution compared to motor-based vehicles • Traffic: Bikes can substitute cars on short-distance trips and have the potentials of solving the “last mile” problem in the context of urban traffic In summary, advantages of bike sharing for both travelers and society, include saving travel cost, bringing remarkable benefits to people’s health, reducing traffic congestions, and reducing air pollution. 1.Background Intro 2. Classification of BSS 3. In global Bike sharing system can be classified into different classes according to different variants. Since bike-sharing’s inception, various models of provision have existed (Bührmann 2008). As illustrated in Figure 1, bike-sharing providers have included: 1. governments, 2. quasi-governmental transport agencies, 3. Universities 4. non-profits, advertising companies 5. for-profits (DeMaio, et al. 2009). 1.Background Intro 2. Classification of BSS 3. In global

Station-based bike sharing: users usually need to have a membership, pick up and return the bikes at specific stations, and pay for the service costs depending on the time of use. This kind of bike sharing facilitate the operation of bicycle fleet, but it also caused inconvenience for users

Free-floating bikes-sharing is an emerging mode which aims to solve the problem and provides convenience for both users and operators. In comparison to station-based BSS, free-floating BSS save costs by avoiding the construction of expensive docking stations There are lots of bike sharing companies around the world, which offering station-based or free- floating services through mobile apps. A global fleet exceeding 900,000 bicycles are distributed over 800 cities across the world Lidl-Bike, , Obike, Intro • One of the largest campus areas in Finland. • Otaniemi on the other hand is the home for almost 4 000 inhabitants. The university has six schools with 12 000 students 1.Problem and 4 000 employees of whom about 400 are professors. 2. Situation • As the last/first mile region beyond the reach of buses or subway, the Otaniemi is a great place to provide with bike sharing service. The short distance travel can be well served by bicycles with less land used for parking, less cost of traveling and parking, as well as less emissions compared with driving a cars

Existed BBS. Actually, there is already a bike sharing choice, named city bikes, which provided by HSL-Helsinki region transport system plan. But the problem is, the city bikes are station-based service. That is to say, you need to go to a station in order to get a bike and also return your bikes only to nearby stations when you finish your journey. That would cause great inconvenience for commuters. Because there is less possibility that the bike station is coincidently to be travelers´ origin or destination. Intro There are lots of bike sharing companies around the world, which offering station- based or free-floating services through mobile apps. A global fleet exceeding 900,000 bicycles are distributed over 800 cities across the world (Meddin, 2015). • Here in Europe, free-floating bike sharing schemes are becoming an ever growing permanent feature of the city landscape, the most recent considerable additions being in , and Toulouse. The bike sharing companies, such as Lidl-Bike, Nextbike, Obike and Mobike, LimeBike are all competing with each other with somewhat a little difference on their target user group or business mode. • Here in Finland, City Bike is taking control of the market. However, it was not the first attempt to introduce a bike sharing system in Helsinki. Back to the first decades of the 21st century, Helsinki offered citizens clunky and heavy, single speed bikes in green, which you could rent with a 2 euro coin. And then, Helsinki’s transport officials launched a second attempt to provide better bike sharing service.

• HKL (Helsinki City Transport agency) and HSL (Helsinki Region Transport agency) signed a procurement agreement for 10 years with a budget of €12.950.000. Clear Channel Finland manages the system’s advertisement spots and Finnish bicycle manufacturer Helkama Velox is in charge of fixing the bikes. The bright yellow colour scheme came from the main sponsor, a Finnish grocery store chain Alepa. Intro

• The brand new bike sharing system was launched in early May 2016 with 500 bikes and 50 parking stations. • The City bikes now are only available in Helsinki and Espoo, and Vantaa will get its own city bike service in June 2019, which will not integrated with existed service. There will be up to 3,450 bikes and 345 bike stations at your disposal in Helsinki and Espoo • And the service is charged by time with different time-depend schemes. For instance, you can buy a weekly ticket with 5 euros online. With the ticket, you can get unlimited 30-minute bike rides for the rest of the current day and the next six days Intro

Why Aalto?

• Aalto University has been recognized as an innovative and environment friendly harbor for both their employees and students • Aalto university student union is devoted to become the most excellent student organization in the world • University campuses are ideal places to provide FFBSS, which actually has been done all over the world. People there are well-educated and willing to give a try on new things. Compared to other regions, there would be less theft or destruction when FFBSS is provided in campus. And the regular schedule and centralized travel demand facilitate to rebalance the bike fleets. All these factors contribute to offer FFBSS in Aalto campus.

How?

1. The city bikes can cooperate with AYY to manage the shared bike fleets. A proper service region must be defined. when people ride a bike in the service area, they can park their bike anywhere legally. 2. The targeted user group must be defined. FFBSS aim at offering more flexible and convenient service for college students and employees. Because their information is well documented online. Targeted users need to first register online before their first ride, using their student or staff numbers Intro • Service region defining. • User instructions: They can search for their most nearby bike by checking its location on app. When they finally find a bike, they can use a student card, a bus card or a mobile phone to open the electronic lock. After they arrive at destination where located in service region, they can just lock the bike, make a payment online and leave. Intro On average 15% of users of European BSSs are former car drivers and the median is 10%. Intro Reduce chance of coronary heart CO2 saving positive disease effects on Increase muscles and Health of air Environment joints quality Relatively less (i.e NO3) bike accidents Reduce uses of cars

Economy Job creation Increase of tourism attractiveness Health cause knee Improvement of injuries city image Economy Environment

side costs Emission of CO2 Intro

 Otaniemi can be traveled by bike to begin or terminate people´s first or last mile journey.

 People there are well-educated and willing to give a try on new things.  Transportation is one of the main field where university has recognized potential to reduce energy consumption

Suggestions

 Regislation  Tracking system can be made by the same principle as Aalto Space -app  After starting the metro line, public transportation travel times have increased from some parts of the Metropolitan region, so there may be many potential users.  Aalto University gets income and funding from subscription fees, usage fees and sponsorship of bicycles Intro

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