Género Araucaria

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GÉNERO ARAUCARIA Nuestra hermosa Araucaria, es parte de la familia araucariáceas. Taxonomía Reino: Plantae Subreino: Spermatophyta Superdivisión: Gymnospermae División: Pinophyta Clase: Pinopsida Orden: Pinales Familia: Araucariaceae Género: Araucaria Especie: Araucaria araucana (MOLINA) K. KOCH, 1869 La familia Araucariaceae comprende 3 géneros: 1. Araucaria 2. Wollemia 3. Agathis El género Araucaria tiene 19 especies, con una distribución repartida en el hemisferio sur. En América se encuentran en el sur de la Argentina y Chile, en la selva subtropical de la Argentina, el Brasil meridional, y el Este del Paraguay. En Oceanía en Nueva Caledonia (donde son endémicas 13 especies), la isla de Norfolk, Australia del este y Nueva Guinea. Muchas, si no todas las poblaciones actuales son relictas. Estos árboles son fósiles vivientes, de la edad Mesozoica. Los expedientes fósiles demuestran que el género también estuvo antes en el hemisferio norte hasta el final del período Cretáceo. Hay dos secciones en el género, a veces tratadas como géneros separados: Sección Araucaria Hojas anchas, conos de más de 12 cm de diámetro y germinación de semillas hipogea. Sin. secc. Columbea, a veces subdividida en tres secciones o subsecciones. • Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze. Curý o "Pino Paraná"; sudeste y sur de Brasil y noreste de Argentina. • Araucaria araucana (Molina) K.Koch. Araucaria de Chile, pewen o pehuén, la araucaria por excelencia; Chile central-sur y oeste de Argentina. • Araucaria bidwillii Hook. Este de Australia (a veces ubicada en la sección Bunya). • Araucaria hunsteinii de Nueva Guinea (a veces ubicada en la sección Intermedia). Angustifolia araucana bidwillii hunsteinii Sección Eutacta Hojas estrechas, como punzones; conos de menos de 12 cm de diámetro y germinación de semillas epigea. • Araucaria bernieri. Nueva Caledonia. • Araucaria biramulata. Nueva Caledonia. • Araucaria columnaris (Forster) Hook.; Nueva Caledonia. • Araucaria cunninghamii Aiton ex D. Don; Pino de Bahía Moretón; Australia oriental y Nueva Guinea. • Araucaria heterophylla (Salisb.) Franco. Es sinónimo de Araucaria excelsa y Pino de la isla de Norfolk; Isla de Norfolk. • Araucaria humboldtensis. Nueva Caledonia. • Araucaria laubenfelsii. Nueva Caledonia. • Araucaria luxurians. Nueva Caledonia. • Araucaria montana. Nueva Caledonia. • Araucaria muelleri. Nueva Caledonia. • Araucaria nemorosa. Nueva Caledonia. • Araucaria rulei. Nueva Caledonia. • Araucaria schmidii. Nueva Caledonia. • Araucaria scopulorum. Nueva Caledonia. • Araucaria subulata. Nueva Caledonia. bernieri biramulata columnaris cunninghamii. Heterophylla humboldtensis laubenfelsii luxurians Montana muelleri nemorosa Rulei schmidii scopulorum subulata Araucaria araucana Publicado por, Ricardo Saavedra 29 septiembre 2015 .

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PRÓ ARAUCÁRIA ONLINE Araucaria Beetles Worldwide
PRÓ ARAUCÁRIA ONLINE www.pro-araucaria-online.com ISSN 1619-635X Araucaria beetles worldwide: evolution and host adaptations of a multi-genus phytophagous guild of disjunct Gondwana- derived biogeographic occurrence Roland Mecke1, Christian Mille2, Wolf Engels1 1 Zoological Institute, University of Tübingen, Germany 2 Institut Agronomique Néo-Calédonien, Station de Recherches Fruitières de Pocquereux, La Foa Nouvelle-Calédonie Corresponding author: Roland Mecke E-mail: [email protected] Pró Araucária Online 1: 1-18 (2005) Received May 9, 2005 Accepted July 5, 2005 Published September 6, 2005 Abstract Araucaria trees occur widely disjunct in the biogeographic regions Oceania and Neotropis. Of the associated entomofauna phytophagous beetles (Coleoptera) of various taxonomic groups adapted their life history to this ancient host tree. This occurred either already before the late Gondwanian interruption of the previously joint Araucaria distribution or only later in the already geographically separated populations. A bibliographic survey of the eastern and western coleopterans recorded on Araucaria trees resulted in well over 200 species belonging to 17 families. These studies include records of beetles living on 12 of the 19 extant Araucaria species. Their occurrence and adaptations to the host trees are discussed under aspects of evolution and co- speciation. Keywords: Araucaria, Coleoptera, synopsis, evolution, co-speciation, South America, Oceania Pró Araucária Online 1: 1-18 (2005) www.pro-araucaria-online.com R Mecke, C Mille, W Engels Zusammenfassung Araukarienbäume kommen in den disjunkten biogeographischen Regionen Ozeanien und Neotropis vor. Von der mit diesen Bäumen vergesellschafteten Entomofauna haben sich phytophage Käfer (Coleoptera) unterschiedlicher taxonomischer Gruppen in ihrer Lebensweise an diese altertümlichen Bäume angepasst.
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MAY 2014 – JULY 2014, Vol. 4, No. 3; 2108-2112. E- ISSN: 2249 –1929 Journal of Chemical, Biological and Physical Sciences An International Peer Review E-3 Journal of Sciences Avail able online at www.jcbsc.org Section B: Biological Sciences CODEN (USA): JCBPAT Research Article Bio-Fungicide Potential of Araucaria Columnaris (Cook Pine) Aqueous Resin Extract Against Major Phytopathogens Saranya Devi. K* 1, J. Rathinamala 1 and S. Jayashree 2 1Department of Microbiology, Nehru Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, 2Department of Biotechnology, Nehru Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. Received: 05 March 2014 ; Revised: 25 April 2014 ; Accepted: 03 May 2014 Abstract: Use of chemical fungicide to control plant diseases causes several adverse effects such as, development of resistance in the pathogen, residual toxicity, pollution to the environment etc. So an alternative way to overcome the usage of dreadful chemicals is very important. The use of plant extracts as biofungicide is one of the popular and effective method. Araucaria columnaris is a commonly seen ornamental plant known as Christmas tree. It’s a South African species, under the family Araucariaceae. Hence, in the present study, the plant resin extract was tested in-vitro against major plant pathogensby preliminary bioassay. It was found that up to 95% reduction of mycelium growth was observed against major phytopathogens such as Fusarium oxysporyum , Rhizoctonia sp, Cylindrocladium sp, Alternaria sp, and Colletrotricum sp., causing tomato wilt, damping off, foliage blight, and leaf blight diseases in economically important plants. Up to our knowledge it is the first report showing the antifungal activity of Araucaria columnaris resin as antifungal agent.
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