18838 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS HONORING FRED FARLEY 7. Founder-California Chapter of Nation­ al Society of Real Estate Appraisers of which cloud of Watergate have been the topic he is the first vice president of on the na­ of many editorials and commentaries, tional level. but I should like to invite attention HON. FORTNEY H. (PETE) STARK 8. Organizer of the Northern California. today to a particularly imaginative poem OF CALIFORNIA Chapter of Property Managa.ment Institute by a northern Californian, Helen Fletch­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of which he is regional vice president of on er Collins: the national level. WATER GATE-A VIEW FROM HUMBOLDT BAY Monday, June 10, 1974 9. The Virgie Smith Scholarship Fund (to I am chilled with apprenhension, Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, on June 22, help young blacks who are interested in the real estate industry) during his adminis­ Marrow congealed in my bones the California Association of Real Estate tration as president of Associated Real Prop­ Cannot stiffen my knees. Brokers will hold their special awards erty Broker's Inc. I peer at the dim outline luncheon in Oakland. Fred Farley, presi­ 10. Responsible for having an equal oppor­ Of wind-bent cedars across the misty bay, dent of 1974 will be honored for his serv­ tunity officer in the real estate industry in No circling beam discounts my dread. ice to the as~ociation, and for the invalu­ Sacramento, appointed by Real Estate Com­ In the boat basin fishing craft able contribution he has made to real missioner, Robert W. Karpe. Huddle, sails furled, engines stilled; 11. $1000 give-a-way (during his admin­ Outside the narrow channel estate and the issue of housing needs An ocean freighter swings at anchor during his long career. . istration as president of California Assoc. of Real Estate Brokers) winner Mr. I van Can­ No pilot answers the call It is a special pleasure to review the nady of Los Angeles, Ca., drawing held at That wails through the fog and dusk. accomplishments of a man who has done the Consolidated Realty Board in Los Angeles. as much as Fred Farley to help his com­ 12. Hosted the National Association of munity and advance the goals of his pr~­ Real Estate Brokers' Convention in Los An­ fession. An understanding of the busi­ geles at the Biltmore Hotel in August 1973, SECRETARY CALLAWAY PRAISES ness aspects and social consequences of attended by people from all over the United "NEW" ARMY the real estate industry is a rare com­ States. bination and Fred Farley exhibits both. 13. Led the largest voting delegation at the Nareb Convention, held a.t the Biltmore HON. WILLIAM A. STEIGER As a leader in the California Real Estate Hotel in Los Angeles, August 1973. Brokers Association he was responsible 14. Instructor, "Fundamentals of Ap­ OF WISCONSIN for organizing the State chapter of the praising", University of Real Estate at the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Real Estate Appraisers Society. He saw Nareb Convention, August 1973. Tuesday, June 11, 1974 to it that an equal opportunity officer was 15. As President of the California. Associa­ appointed by the industry in Sacramento. tion of Real Estate Brokers, was special guest Mr. STEIGER of Wisconsin. Mr. And as a spokesman for his industry he of California Real Estate Association at their Speaker, our distinguished former col­ convention in San Diego, September 1973. league, Howard "Bo" Callaway has just founded "Housing Affairs," a series of 16. The National Association of Real Estate public service spots aired in the Bay area Brokers each month out of its huge member­ completed his first year as Secretary of with facts on housing. ship, selects a "Broker of the Month", in the Army. He has held that position dur­ Of perhaps even more note is Mr. Far­ March, 1973, Mr. Farley was honored, by ing a critical time for the Army, a time of ley's unusual contribution to the educa­ being chosen "Broker of the Month", which transition to an all-volunteer force. tional aspects of his profession. He has was printed in the national magazine and These first years as an all-volunteer distributed all over the country to its army are the ones in which the Army is attempted to generate interest and sup­ members. port for redevelopment in Oakland! as under special scrutiny. Whether the con­ 17. Co-founder, of the Color Blind Indus­ cept will succeed in the long term rests well as to bring minority students mto try Real Estate Profession. A move to make real estate through a scholarship fund. the real estate industry color-blind was in­ in large part on the kinds of policy de­ It is with these qualifications in mind stituted in San Diego, California. with mem­ cisions and the measure of support pro­ that I take this opportunity to include in bers of California Real Estate Association and vided at the top. Bo Callaway has pro­ the RECORD a resolution honoring Mr. the State's Real Estate Commissioner, Robert vided the guidance, leadership and sup­ Farley to be presented him by his ass~­ W. Karpe. We now have the white and black port that are needed. ciation this month. For a man who 1s leadership in the real estate industry in What are his perceptions of the all­ California in agreement on a. practical plan volunteer Army after 1 year on his job. such a pride to his profession, this is of action to bring the two groups closer to­ really insufficient praise, but perhaps all gether over the next several years. Simply put, he says, "It's working." Sec­ that can be said. 18. Joint legislat ive meeting(s) with Cali­ retary Callaway describes our Army to­ The resolution fallows : fornia Real Estate Association, providing for day as "sharp, ready, well-trained, well­ RESOLUTION a unity industry voice with the legislative, equipped, and moving in a positive direc­ with the use of a single legislative office in tion." Fred Farley's total involvement with the Sacramento. The following two articles, from the community is serious and studied. He under­ 19. Educational programs-carry out fur­ stands the complexities of the business ther educational programs through the ex­ May 14, 1974, Columbus (Ohio) Evening world and how they interrelate with gen­ isting sales conference machinery of CAREB Dispatch and the May 19, 1974 Atlanta eral associations throughout the community. and other pertinent area. Begin to work Journal and Constitution, discuss Secre­ In documenting his various activities an_d jointly for the development of pratical train­ tary Callaway's insights into today's affiliations, it is worthy of note, that hlS ing prograxns for improved operational effi­ Army. I commend them to your atten­ efforts were important in establishing: ciency of licensees and to help warrant a tion: 1. Redevelopment in East Oakland, an ef­ more professional image with the general fort to bring redevelopment to East Oakland, public. ARMY CHIEF PRAISES VOLUNTEER PROGRAM before the neighborhood went completely 20. Professionalization plan-participated (By Ned Stout) down. in setting up the revised plan for the pro­ Howard H. Callaway, U.S. secretary of the 2. Supported the sickle cell anemia drive fessional development of real estate industry army, is highly pleased With what he called and was a. participant as a basketball play­ in California, evolved by the Department of the "tremendous success" of the volunteer er in the fund-raising game. Real Estate in consultation with CAREB and recruitment plan. 3. Involved in negotiations with the United other industry groups. Callaway was in Columbus Tuesday for Black Oakland Business and Professional Armed Forces Day observances including a Organizations. . noon speech at the Neil House and awards 4. Sponsor of "Salute to Black Women 1_n WATERGATE to outstanding area servicemen. Real Estate", while president of the Associ­ Callaway said the volunteer Army today is ated Real Property Brokers, Inc. "far more combat ready than it was the day 5. Appeared on "Minority Report", local HON. JOHN V. TUNNEY the war ended in Vietnam." He said the vol­ TV morning show, giving helpful fact s and OF CALIFORNIA unteer recruiting program is going "far bet­ basics, the general public should know about ter than anyone thought, and our recruits the real estate industry. IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES are getting better every month, not only in 6. Founder of "Housing Affairs" (public Tuesday, June 11, 1974 number but in quality." service announcements) which is aired on The secretary said the "toughest job I've broadcasting stations throughout the bay Mr. TUNNEY. Mr. President, moods of got is making the Army realize how different area, with the facts on housing. anxiety and concern under the dark a volunteer Army is from a draft army." June 11, 197 4 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18839 He explained that in a draft Army a soldier funds for non-military purposes and jour­ " We are getting a good cross section of was regarded as serving, "because he had an neying late that night to Ft. Leavenworth, America," Callaway reported, including an obligation to his country and because of Kans. increasing number of young men and women this he was subjected to substandard pay, On Thursday, he spoke to students at from subu rban homes. substandard quarters, expected to leave his Leavenworth's Command General Staff Col­ The West Point (class of '49) graduate wife and family, do as he was told because 'I lege, then scurried off to Ft. Leonard Wood, and Korean War veteran also p ained a favor­ said so,' pull KP, and things like that." Mo., for a swing through the training center able picture of t h e re-enlistment scene. The Secretary said these things have and discussions with recruits there, culmi­ He said the number of soldiers t aking changed with the volunteer Army, although nated by a speech before the Ft. Wood-Mis­ a1.other hitch h as jumped from 12 in 100 two he cautioned "anyone who enlists thinking souri chapter of AUSA. years ago to 40 in 100 at the present time. we're permissive has got another thing com­ The work week ended for Callaway in Better pay, improved living conditions and ing." Cleveland-another spiel on the fried chick­ more meaningful jobs in the military-plus Callaway said the key to the success of the en circuit, a television interview, a press con­ high u nemployment in the civilian economy volunteer Army "turns on the first term ference before scholastic editors and a meet­ are responsible. soldier . . . it's as important that he have ing with the editorial boards of the Cleveland Callaway said the re-enlist ment program job satisfaction as it is to a worker at Gen­ Press and the Cleveland Plain Dealer. h as proved especially successful in West Ger­ eral Motors. He caught a commercial flight back to many, where every U.S. Army com m and has "When the soldier is made to understand Washington that night. And for the first time met its goal, often doubling it. his mission, we can have the finest, best in a week, he was able to relax with his wife "Seventy per cent of the troops there are trained and best disciplined Army in our and family in their northwest Washington re-upping for the same slot, proving they're history." apartment. h appy with their jobs," he pointed out. Callaway said morale, training, discipline, But for the 45-year-old former Republican Just back from his third inspection tour and equipment have all improved among the congressman from Georgia, all of the energy in Germany, Callaway also reported that t h e slightly less than 200,000 Army troops in expended, all of the days away from home drug problem among America's NATO con­ Europe. He acknowledged, however, that will have been worth it if the all-volunteer tingent is on the decline, and that morale is drug addiction continues to be a problem army turns out to be the long-term success climbing. overseas because of the easy availability of he is now prediciting. "You get a good feeling when you talk narcotics. As he put it in an interview here, "The to the troops," he said. ''Oh, they don't run He said this problem was confined to sol­ challenge to the Army (during his first 12 up to you and say, "Gee, I'm excited be­ diers who became homesick in an alien land months as secretary) was as great as any cause I'm in your wonderful Army.' But you and he believes the Army is doing a better year in its history. I am proud to have been can see it, feel it. That's just the way the job in its drug control program than is be­ part of it." Army is now: Sharp, ready, well-trained, ing done in the civilian sector. Callaway cited recruiting experiences as an well-equipped and moving in positive direc­ example. tion." [From the Atlanta Journal and Constitution, "When I first came on board, I hear re­ I n other words, he said, "It's working." May 19, 1974] cruiters talking in terms of 'bodies.' 'We CALLAWAY BUOYANT OVEP. "NEW" ARMY need 24 bodies this month,' they would say, Now the talk is about 'quality individuals'­ (By Maurice Fliess) Eagle Scouts, class presidents, etc. The re­ DELAWARE AIR NATIONAL GUARD WASHINGTON.-Army Secrt:tary Howard H. cruiters are highlighting the challenges, the "Bo" Callaway celebrated his first anni­ educational possibilities (in the Army)-the FATHER-DAUGHTER TEAM versary in the Pentagon last week by being chance to do something important. We want out of it-out of the Pentagon, that is. to make the Army something that a young Callaway was, in fact, very much "with it" man can tell his girlfriend, with pride, that HON. WILLIAM V. ROTH, JR. as he whizzed about at a dizzying pace, carry­ he is part of." OF DELAWARE ing the message of the "modern, all-volunteer He revealed that the Army has been quietly IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES Army" to audiences in five midwestern states. cracking down on recruiters who have been Aides described the schedule as perhaps a promising prospective young soldiers more Tuesday, June 11, 1974 trifle more hectic than the norm for his first glamour than a highly disciplined Army 51 weeks as the Army's top civilian boss, could ever deliver. In the most recent 15- Mr. ROTH. Mr. President, Delaware during which time he has logged more than month reporting period, 60 recruiters were is proud to have a father-daughter team 100,000 miles in trips to Europe (three), the relieved of their duties for "malpractice,'' a in its Air National Guard and Dela­ Far East (one), Panama (three), the West Callaway aide reported. ware's General Assembly recently took Coast (10} and to an untold number of other Callaway also disclosed that the Defense note of this fact by passing a resolution places in the U.S. Department is considering whether to elim­ of congratulations to Maj. Robert F. More buoyant than ever about the future inate the quota system for recruiting com­ Petry, Jr., and his daughter, medical of the 782,000-person volunteer force, the mands. He acknowledged that quotas spawn super salesman of the Army began this past pressures which in turn produce abuses. services specialist, Margaret Petry. week with an excursion to Indianapolis. "Obviously, we'd like to be able to moti­ I join in congratulating them for this He toured Ft. Benjamin Harrison, rapped vate our recruiters to the extent where we'd service to the State of Delaware and re­ with soldiers, held a press conference, ad­ no longer need quotas," the Army chief said. quest unanimous consent to print the dressed a civic luncheon and spoke to an But even short of that reform, he insist­ Delaware General Assembly resolution Armed Forces Day dinner. ed that today's recruiters "possess a deep in the Extensions to the RECORD. There, as elsewhere, he made like the fellow sense of integrity. They are committed to There being no objection, the resolu­ in the television commercial who bathes telling it like it is-the hardships as well as tion was ordered to be printed in the with an anti-perspirant soap in the morning the challenges and the excitement. This is and in the evening is moved to proclaim to helping to build a credible Army, even at the RECORD, as follows: one and all: "It's working. It's working." expense of losing some sales." RESOLUTION Callaway, of course, was talking about the Picking up slowly but steadily, recruit­ Congratulating Major Robert F. Petry, Jr., concept of a draft free Army, an odious sub­ ing is currently running roughly 92 per cent and medical services specialist Margaret ject to many critics and skeptics. of quotas. Enlistments for infantry, armored Petry for becoming the first father­ After the round of personal appearances in and artillery-spurred by a $2,500 induce­ daughter combination in the history of Indianapolis, hopefully convincing a few ment for high school graduates signing up the Delaware national guard doubters that the all-volunteer Army is in­ for four years on active duty-are averag­ Whereas, it has been established that Dela­ deed working, Callaway traveled Tuesday to ing about 83 per cent of over-all combat ware, the First State, has another first among Columbus, Ohio. He inspected the Reserve arms requirements. · its midst, namely, the first father-daughter Officer Training Corps (ROTC) detachment Callaway and other high-ranking De­ combination in the history of the Delaware at Ohio State University, as well as a recruit­ fense Department types maintain that since Air National Guard; and ing headquarters in the Ohio capital city. the caliber and motivational levels of the Whereas, Major Robert F. Petry, Jr., Com­ Following another press conference and incoming soldiers are so high, the military mander of the 166th Communications Flight luncheon speech, it was on to Ft. Knox, Ky., can remain solid although lacking 100 per of the Delaware Air National Guard, a vet­ and a first hand look at a reserve unit there. cent of its manpower objective. The phrase eran of nine years of service with the Dela­ Wednesday was Callaway's actual anniver­ "lean and mean" is heard around the Penta­ ware group, has been joined by his daughter, sary date, having been sworn in on May 15, Medical Services Specialist, Margaret 1973. The Army secretary celebrated by at­ gon these days. "Marge" Petry, a 1973 graduate of Newark tending briefings, a tank-firing exhibition "Without a doubt," Callaway said :firm­ Senior High School, who is one of twenty· and a luncheon of Association of United ly, "the Army is far stronger today than it nine members of the 166th Tactical Clinic States Army (AUSA) at Knox, flying to St. was" on Dec. 27, 1972, when the last civilian of the Delaware Air National Guard; and Louis to tell a group of businessmen that was inducted into the service. And it is not­ Whereas, the Senate wishes to congratu­ the Defense Department has become a scape­ repeat, not---the mercenary force some ob­ late Major Bob Petry, his daughter, Marge, goat for congressmen wanting to get federal servers had feared, he stressed. soon to be a student at the University o! 18840 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 11, 1974 Delaware; his proud wife, Karen; and four For too long a time the college needs were WARNINGS OF CHAIRMAN OF FED.;. other children, who reside at 714 Colgate furnished by the Trust but in 1966 Indiana ERAL RESERVE BOARD Lane, Newark; on this unique occasion. began to assume more than responsibility Now therefore, be it resolved by the Senate for the building. The Trust deeded the of the 127th General Assembly of the State school building and the seven acres adjoin­ of Delaware that a message of congratula­ ing it to the Commonwealth of Pennsyl­ HON. HARRY F. BYRD, JR. tions and appreciation for services rendered vania because the state would not put money OF VIRGINIA be forwarded to Major Robert F. Petry, Jr. or buildings on land it did not own. IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES and his daughter, Margaret, for becoming the When the Student Union Cooperative, a first father-daughter pairing ever to serve private corporation, agreed to put a Student Tuesday, June 11, 1974 simultaneously with the highly-acclaimed Union Building here and needed a piece of Mr. HARRY F. BYRD, JR. Mr. Presi­ Delaware Air National Guard. the deeded land, a special bill had to be dent, the June 4 edition of the Northern Be it further resolved that copies of this introduced in Harrisburg to get that portion resolution be forwarded to Major Petry and of the land back. Virginia Daily of Strasburg, Va., included his family with additional copies to Colonel Under conditions of the deed, the building an excellent editorial about the recent William F. Hutchison, Commander of the and land revert back to the Trust if it is ever economic warnings voiced by Dr. Arthur 166th Tactical Airlift Group, Delaware Air not used by the state for educational pur­ F. Burns, Chairman of the Federal Re­ National Guard, and to Major-General Clar­ poses. Both the building and the land were serve Board. ence E. Atkinson, Adjutant-General of the deeded to the Trust by the Punxsutawney Delaware National Guard. Chairman Burns warned that-- School Board. If the past is any guide, the future of our Recently tennis and basketball courts were country is in jeopardy from inflation. completed and they seem to be in constant use. The editolial commends Dr. Burns for CAMPUS TAKES REAL SHAPE Within a year or two afte·· the Campus this timely warning, and points out that opened with a class of 32, it became apparent if the battle against inflation is to be that it could not survive as a school strict­ won, then Congress must take the ini­ HON. JOHN P. MURTHA ly for local or commuting students. It tiative and cut runaway Federal spend­ OF PENNSYLVANIA needed out-of-town students and out-of­ ing. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESE..TliTATIVES town students had to have dormitories. To meet that need, E. D. Fry, local busi­ I agree. We will not get the cost of liv­ Tuesday, June 11, 1974 nessman and banker, constructed two dor­ ing under control until we get the cost mitories, one in 1965 and the second in 1966. of Government under control. Continued Mr. MURTHA. Mr. Speaker, I would College attendance hovered around 200 al­ huge deficits will insure that inflation like to share with my fell ow colleagues an though lack of two-year courses caused al­ will go on-with all the risks which the article which appeared in the May 30 most complete student; turnovers every year. Federal Reserve Board Chairman has issue of the Spirit, a newspaper pub­ Two years ago, Punxsutawney got a scare cited lished in Punxsutawney, Pa. when the - Governor's Management Review Committee recommended the phasing out of I ask unanimous consent that the text The article, written by Mrs. Elaine the Punxsutawney Campus as a means of of the editorial, "Dr. Burns Does Not Light, vividly points out what can hap­ saving the state mo::iey. Waste Words," be printed in the Exten­ pen in a community when the people The entire community rallied around its sion of Remarks. unite for a common cause. school and sent !\ blitz of letters, petitions There being no objection, the editorial At a time when it appeared that the and pleas for mercy to Governor Shapp. State was ordered to be printed in the REC­ futme of the Punxsutawney campus of Secretary of Education John Pittenger came ORD, as follows: to call one torrid summer day and Indiana Indiana University was in doubt, the University and the Punxsutawney Trust BURNS DOES NOT WASTE WORDS people from the "Groundhog" town presented its case. It is probably safe to say that without the joined together and fought to keep the ruinous inflation which occurred in post­ campus in Punxsutawney. Maybe it didn't have anything to do with war Germany, from 1918 to 1923, there would it, but things have be . moving along ever not have been an Adolph Hitler. Today, the people are working to help since. For the first time the branch cam­ furnish and complete a student union puses are offering a two-year course in crimi­ Is this statement madcap guesswork or is building. I know that the residents of nology, available only at the branches. En­ it a sobering assessment based on historical rollment figures at the Punxsutawney Cam­ perspective? Unfortunately, it's the latter. A the area will once again support the frightening recollection of what runaway Punxsutawney area college trust and pus are up when they are down elsewhere including the main campus. inflation can bring lends a special-urgency make the student union building another It is even whispered that, given a choice, to the recent warning of Federal Reserve landmark to which the residents can students are taking Punxsutawney over the Board Chairman Arthur F. Burns that "if point with pride. Kittanning branch. the past ... is any guide, the future of our country is in jeopardy from inflation." The article telling the story of this Now Mr. Fry has decided to sell the dor­ During the five years immediately follow­ community effort follows: mitories to the Trust at terms they can meet ing Germany's defeat by the Allies in 1918, CAMPUS TAKES REAL SHAPE since it involves no money. The building money became virtually worthless in that I hate to be so upbeat because I know will be paid fo:.- out of accumulated revenue country. It took a basketful of paper marks people would rather read a good roast of and they will be managed for the Trust by to buy a loaf of bread. something than a boast but things are going the capable director of the Punxsutawney The professional _classes, having no other Campus Robert Dain and his enthusiastic as­ source of income, turned to speculation, sell­ uncommonly well at both ends of town. sistant Norman Storm. The Punxsutawney Campus of Indiana ing and laboring jobs. The entire so-called University is suddenly beginning to look like There is only one small cloud. The stu­ middle class, dependent on small, fixed in­ one for the first time since it all began back dent Union Building is just that--a building come was virtually wiped out. in 1962. sans paint, floor tile, carpet or furnishings. Enter Adolph Hitler, the "savior" who There are some moneys in a Memorial Fund It's a triumph for the people of Punx­ promised to avenge Germany's humiliation started by Mrs. L. R. McCauley in memory and restore its prosperity. The rest is tragic sutawney who established the branch cam­ of her husband, Dr. L. R. McCauley, who was history. pus here with their donations amounting to one of the founders of the Trust and Chair­ Moving forward 56 years we ask ourselves $114,000, every penny of which was used to man at the time of his sudden death in if such a financial disaster could overtake us completely renovate the abandoned West 1971. These will be used for the building. in the 1970s. End School. But you, the public, can help again. Arthur Burns, in our opinion, is not a man Never were moneys more carefully or Remember the Punxsutawney Area College who is likely to get carried away in over­ better spent and I can say it because I did Trust when you want to send memorial gifts statements. Listen to what Mr. Burns had to not become a member of the Punxsutawney or if you want to do special honor for a birth­ say recently: Area College Trust until long after the work day or an anniversary. Contributions should "The gravity of our current inflationary was completed. The money even built an be sent care of Robert Dain, campus director. problems can hardly be overestimated. Ex­ addition that was used as a student lounge He will see that families of those so honored cept for a brief period at the end of World until the expanding library threatened to receive an appropriate card. War II, prices in the United States have of break through the second floor. The library Education is a living memorial. Punx­ late been rising faster than in any other moved into the lounge creating a critical sutawney has been getting steady dividends peacetime period of our history . . . need for recreation space that is only now on its college investment since the first local "No country I know of has been able to being met with the completion of the Stu­ high school student enrolled there 12 years maintain widespread economic prosperity dent Union Building. ago. once inflation got out of hand. And the un- June 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18841 happy consequences are by no means solely FEDERAL CONTROL OVER LAND USE fling, effect of government controls (stifling of an economic nature. If long continued, in­ MAY BE THE ANSWER due to a distant government unable or un­ flation at anything like the present rate willing to tailor its edicts to local situa­ would threaten the very foundation of our tions) , we as a nation will wilt on the vine. society." Gone will be the challenge and the thrill of Despite the fact that our present predica­ HON. DICK SHOUP individual initiative and hope, for meaningful ment has been augmented by such factors as OF MONTANA personal g,ain when Big Brother says, "do the energy crisis, the primary blame for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES this ... do that" with private property. record high inflation must be laid at the Our vibrant nation will be castrated and the doorstep of Congress. Tuesday, June 11, 1974 hope of the world will be eviscerated. In the short run, the country cannot Mr. SHOUP. Mr. Speaker, land-use Overly dramatic? I wish it were. The U.S. stand the tax cut which has been suggested planning is an issue we all must concern has grown in to being the hope of the whole by some members of Congress. Nor can our world because it is a place where men are fiscal system endure a continued inflationary ourselves with. I feel that one of my fel­ free to do their best with their own physi­ spiral without endangering our economy. low Montanans has very clearly ex­ cal, mental and spiritual gifts, constrained In the long run, Americans have got to pressed a basic philosophy toward a fed­ only by allowing others the same chance. let their congressmen know emphatically erally regulated policy of land planning. Trading this in for the theoretical (never that the people will no longer stand for ex­ We are now voting on such legislation actual for a sustained period) efficiency of pensive programs we can no longer afford. which will be setting a course for the a centralized government would leave no Congress must understand that the people future generations. choice but to create some of the same sad know that the major root cause of inflation The following letter from Nick Golder effects as when others before us have tried is reckless government spending in a debt­ it. The business of government is to govern, ridden philosophy of deficit financing. If this of Forsyth, Mont., expresses some in­ and the age-old practice of governing more understanding gives Capitol Hill a guilt com­ herent values and the need to keep a and more is facilitated by centralization. plex so much the better. continual watch on the groundwork we The world "control" gradually seems to fit Perhaps we will then begin to get the kind lay. better than the word "govern." And, as the of congressional discipline that could bring The letter follows : people become more controllable, the men in results. FORSYTH, MONT., May 1, 1974. control turn their talents on each other in Representative RICHARD SHOUP, a chilling king of the mountain game that U.S. House of Representatives, knows no happy ending. GROUNDBREAKING CEREMONIES Washington, D.C. Even doing nothing has to be better than DEAR SIR: Land use legislation seems to federal land use and planning. have quite a number of advantages when it Yours truly, HON. ED JONES comes to ironing out the growing pains of NICK GOLDER. OF TENNESSEE the nation. Instead of the hit and miss hope­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for-the-best practices of the past, this leg­ islation could be a big help for states, indi­ Tuesday, June 11, 1974 vidually or collectively, to function much CONGRESS BALKS AT REFORM Mr. JONES of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, smoother. People, sane or insane, also func­ recently, I have had the ,.Jrivilege to par­ tion much smoother in straitjackets ... ticipate in the groundbreakmg cere­ for certain restricted functions. HON. WILLIAM A. STEIGER Proponents of this legislation might quite OF WISCONSiN monies for a new instruction building at reasonably ask where the straitjacket is. At the Naval Air Station Memphis in Mil­ first there may not be one that is hardly IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lington, Tenn. This parth.:ular occasion is noticeable. But the groundwork for tight con­ Tuesday, June 11, 1974 a high-water mark of a $58 million, 8- trol will be laid. Men of good will in positions year facilities improvement program of authority might cause little or no prob­ Mr. STEIGER of Wisconsin. Mr. which will be compltteo. by 197.:.. lem. But it is pointless to defy all of history Speaker, I want to draw the attention The building will become an impo:-­ and daydream about a continued series of of my colleagues to the Milwaukee Jour­ men of good will in positions of authority. tant addition to tht. Naval Technical nal's June 9 editorial comments about There are men who say openly we need a the Democratic caucus' sandbagging Training Command which is headquar­ straitjacket for our country. Perhaps. But tered on the base and commanded by of the House reforms proposed by look where our past "insanity" (sans restric­ the Bolling-Martin committee. The Rear Adm. A. M. Sackett, chief of naval tive controls) has taken us compared to the technical training. His command is a na­ rest of the world. Journal's references to "the baronial tionwide network from which approxi­ As I understand it, the original legislation power of certain committee chairmen" ately 680,000 men and women are grad­ under consideration in the House said the to "the House Democratic caucu~, uated each year, with about 25,000 of federal government could grant or deny cravenly voting in secret," and to ''some these students passing through the money to states according to whether or not liberals, who--were as much to blame as the individual states develop and admin­ anyone for this deviousness behind Navy's largest individual schoolhouse ister their land use planning processes. Who command, the Naval Air Technical closed doors" testify to the disrepute the would be sufficiently naive to think there Democratic caucus has brought upon Training Center Memphi.:,. would be no men in the federal government The Naval Air Station Memphis, com­ who would use these funds as a level to pres­ itself, and by extension upon the House manded by Capt. G. K. Gregory, Jr., sure state's planners into line? So this power as an institution. I hope my Democratic hosts 18 tenant activities including the play didn't sell. Its proponents had to settle colleagues, especially those on the Han­ headquarters of the Nav2..l Technical for a foot in the door for now with much sen committee, will carefully consider more intended later. Training Command and the Naval Air the views reflected in the Journal's edi­ The legislation still under consideration torial as they ponder what to do Technical Training Center Memphis, lays the groundwork for federal control over commanded by Capt. J. L. Girard. with the select committee's proposed local land use throughout the nation. Quite reforms: These naval officers deserve much of simply, that is nationalization. Taking na­ the credit for the outstanding contribu­ ttonalizatton of the land to its extreme, we C O NGRESS BALKS ON REFORM tion being made by this naval complex to already know the said futility of how it When it comes to correcting its own short­ our national defense effort. At the same works in Russia. There is no need to set the comings, Congress is often like a capricious time they have tll!'ne~ special attention stage for an endless stream of never-com­ basketball team that battles back, seems on pleted five-year plans here, or some of the the verge of going ahead and then, with a to their responsibilities to the civilian other treadmill schemes that go hand in whoosh, collapses again in disarray. community in Millington, Memphis, and hand with land nationalization. Consider the fate of the laudable plan to Shelby Coanty. Through mutual coop­ Our forebears created a climate in gov­ reform the House's chaotic committee sys­ eration between the military and civilian ernment where private ownership and con­ tem for the first time in nearly three dec­ leaders, both comn:unities are benefiting. trol, spurred by a personal profit motive, ades. Spearheaded by Rep. Bolling (D-Mo.), I want to take this opportunity to con­ caused this nation to outstrip anything in a committee spent months carefully draft­ gratulate Admiral SackPtt for the leader­ the recorded history of all the nations of the ing and refining the plan. It is a chance to ship he is providing and to thank him world. We've gained more freedom, food, group committees more logically, balance clothing, homes, etc., etc., than anyone any­ workloads, focus the attention of members, for inviting me tu participate in this where in history. And, in the same hectic but end the confusion of overlapping mandates. groundbreaking ceremony. Without a effective fashion we will continue to figure Last year, 14 of the 21 House committees doubt, the Naval Tec~.nical Training out ways to grow and prosper. held hearings on energy legislation, each Command will continue to serve us well But, hamstrung by nationalization of the competing for custody of the subject. "We under his guidance. land and the ensuing, and inexorably sti- spend more time squabbling over jurisdic- 18842 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 11, 1974 tions than we do over issues," Bolling right­ They would rather talk a good game, Resolved, That the Rhode Island delega­ ly laments. rather than play one. tion in congress be at the forefront of this However, the Bolling plan also erodes the It is imperative that the U.S. delega­ search; and be it further baronial power of certain committee chair­ Resolved, That the secretary of state be and men-notably Rep. Mills of the sprawling tion to the European Security Confer­ he hereby is authorized and directed to Ways and Means Committee-and sends anx­ ence not agree to the recognition of the transmit a duly certified copy o:! this resolu­ iety shivers through influential lobbying forcible conquest of the Baltic nations tion to the Rhode Island delegation in con­ groups that have long since learned how to by the Soviet Union. gress. turn jurisdictional rivalry to good advantage. Result: The House Democratic caucus, cravenly voting in secret, has shunted the THE BATTLE OF THE SEAT BELT plan to a subcommittee, which is supposed to report back in July but may also try RESOLUTION OF THE GENERAL AS­ INTERLOCK CONTINUES to give the whole idea a quiet burial. Sadly, SEMBLY OF RHODE ISLAND some liberals, who take pride in their pro­ gressive records, were as much to blame as HON. ROBERT J. HUBER anyone for this deviousness behind closed HON. ROBERT 0. TIERNAN OF MICHIGAN doors. OF RHODE ISLAND IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The Bolling plan may not be perfection, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES but it is a thoughtful attempt to modernize Tuesday, June 11, 1974 a creaky Congress. At the least, it deserves Tuesday, June 11, 1974 Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, in spite of to be debated and voted upon openly by Mr. TIERNAN. Mr. Speaker, on June the fact that the new interlock system the full House. Congress is not held in high public es­ 3, 1974, the House adopted the concur­ for seat belts in our automobiles has low teem. Many members believe that the Water­ rent resolution (H. Con. Res. 271) ex­ public acceptance and has already caused gate era gives them an excellent oppor­ pressing the sense of the Congress that much grief, to say nothing of adding to tunity to make Congress a more responsive, "the Government of the United States the slump in new car sales, the Feds go respected institution. It probably does-ii shall cease forthwith all consideration of merrily on their way thinking of new members can just stop double dribbling on aid, trade, diplomatic recognition, or ways to add to the cost and discomfort breakaways. accommodation with the Democratic of owning an automobile. An amusing, Republic of North Vietnam or the Pro­ yet ironic article on this subject recently visional Revolutionary Government un­ appeared in the Washington Star-News LITHUANIA til such time as "those governments com­ on Sunday, June 2, 1974. I commend the ply with the provisions of the protocol article to the attention of my colleagues HON. JOHN E. HUNT to and the agreement on ending the war and suggest they consider cosponsoring and restoring peace to Vietnam pertain­ Representative WYMAN'S bill to stop this OF NEW JERSEY ing to missing in action. nonsense-H.R. 10663: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Today I am submitting to the RECORD A BLOW TO THE BELT Tuesday, June 11, 1974 a copy of Resolution 74-H-7262 adopted (By Elinor Horwitz) Mr. HUNT. Mr. Speaker, on June 15, by the Rhode Island General Assembly When I told my husband one night la.st 34 years ago, the Soviet Union forcibly at the January session, A.D. 1974, and week that I ha.d attacked the ignition-lock annexed Lithuania and sent thousands approved by Governor Noel on May 8, seat belt feature of my beautiful 5-month­ of Lithuanian citizens to Siberian con­ 1974, entitled, "Resolution Memorializ­ old Checker Marathon with a hatchet, he centration camps. It is most appropriate ing Congress To Maintain a Vigorous thought I was being a bit flamboyant. Sea1·ch for All Americans Who are Miss­ "This ma.y be an historic first," I told him, that we take time this week to focus in "first law abiding American to strl.k.e a blow­ on the Lithuanian experience and Rus­ ing in Action in Southeast Asia." It is so to speak-against the tyranny of the De­ sia's domination of the Baltic nations. my hope that the Congress will see fit partment of Transportation." In just a few weeks the President will be to abide by this resolution. Wben I first read that all 1974 cars would going to Moscow to meet with Chairman The resolution follows: be equipped by law with a new safety device Brezhnev, and it is most important that [State of Rhode Island, &c. in General As­ which would make it impossible to start sembly, January Session, A.D. 1974] the engine without putting on your seat belt, the Soviet leadership know that the I RESOLUTION MEMORIALIZING CONGRESS To was incredulous. I had always assumed that House of Representatives is fully aware my right as an adult American citizen to of their past and present strategy for MAINTAIN A VIGOROUS SEARCH FOR ALL AMERICANS WHO ARE MlsSING IN ACTION IN wreak destruction on my own body was in­ world domination. SOUTHEAST AsIA violate. Not that I object entirely to the role At the present time the people of o! government as hovering pa.rent or that Whereas, It has been one year since the I'm opposed to good health and long life. Lithuania are denied the right of na­ American military withdrawal from South­ tional self-determination, suffer contin­ east Asia. and there remains an estimated Quite the contrary. I'm willing to be in­ ual and political persecution, and are 1300 men whose fate is still unknown; and formed that I'm breathing foul pollutants denied their basic human rights. Whereas, Among those unaccounted for and gobbling carcinogens and had better are the following Rhode Island men: Air stop-right this minute! Warnings on ciga­ The Soviets are now seeking detente Force Colonel Curtis Eaton, missing since rette packages are a seemingly show of con­ with the United States, as well as most­ 1966, Army Captain Kenneth Goff, Jr., miss­ cern. Cautionary advice on not stuffing the favored-nation status. This desire on the ing since 1967, Air Force Captain Frederick turkey the day before Thanksgiving is most part of the U.S.S.R. provides the United Mellor, missing since 1966, Navy Lieutenant welcome. States with a unique bargaining tool to 0. J. Pender Jr., missing since 1972, Army But making seat belts compulsory in this ease the plight of the Baltic nations. Staff Sergeant Louis C. Walton, missing fashion seemed a clear and simple case of since 1971, and Air Force Senior Master violation of freedom of expression. Someone We have recently been told that the Sergeant Samuel Adams, missing since 1965, will bring it to the Supreme Court, I thought United States has no right to interfere and smugly as I purchased the Checker. in the internal policies of the Soviets. Whereas, All these men courageously and In actual fact, when I committed my act But the Soviets operate under an en­ selflessly struggled in an unpopular and of violence I was impelled less by idealism tirely different standard. They have not lonely war in the belief that it was their duty than by frenzy. only interfered, but have used military as American citizens; and That morning I had rushed from the house force to bring about political, economic, Whereas, It is now our duty to not only to drive to an important appointment. I these men but to their families who suf­ popped my key in the ignition and was and religious ·change in most Eastern fered immeasurable hardship to expend all greeted by the familiar bossy buzzing. European countries. our energies and resources to discover their "Shut up," I said, in a friendly fashion, It is time that the United States firmly whereabouts; and as I obediently reached for the seat belt. The resolve, and make clear to the Soviet Whereas, Their sacrifice should never be seat belt refused to unreel. I tried greater leadership, that Russia's continuing op­ forgotten as it seemingly has been by a ma­ pressure, lesser pressure, sweet words. No pression cannot continue any longer if jority of Americans especially the congress of luck. "(Expletive deleted!)" I shouted in the world is to live in peace and freedom. the United States; now therefore, be it distinctly unfriendly fashion, kicking the Resolved, That the congress of the United soft underside of the dashboard. I envisioned Detente cannot be a one-way street, it States be and it hereby is memorialized to the belt oddly tangled on its reel and :r must be practiced and honored by all maintain a vigorous search for all Americans fetched a. screwdriver with which to pry off parties, and the Soviets have not shown who are missing in action in Southeast Asia; the study plastic cover. that they are about to practice detente. and be it further Failure. June 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18843 I went back inside in a state of intense to grant the Department of Transportation used to drive a tow car and I saw as many frustration to find a more effective tool­ the right to go so far." people killed in crashes because they had and there it was-a nice sharp hatchet we The congressman poises his fingertips the seat belts on as because they had them use for splitting fireplace logs. The casing against each other and rests his gaze on the off." came off-somewhat mangled-and the reel framed color photograph of Lake Winnope­ Another Exxon station attendant: "I don't stood exposed, and rigidly locked. As I force­ saukee. He raises his voice slightly: blame people for wanting to get it detached­ fully attempted to budge it a tightly wound "The ignition interlock feature is idiocy. it's a hassle-but you're not supposed to dolt metal spring flew out hitting me sharply be­ It makes the use of seat belts compulsory and I just feel like I don't want to." (The tween the eyes. That did it. although we know that many times people law reads that the manufacturer may not Although the ignition interlock system is die in accidents because they're wearing a disconnect the device nor may the dealer­ far from mute, it is totally deaf and blind. belt. Enforcing such a system is simply an prior to the first sale of the car.) I started the car by reaching in the window extension of bureaucratic extremism-an Call Carl: "It's against the law. We don't and turning the key in the ignition without interference with the private rights of do it." putting any warning pressure on the seat. citizens. Most people today are being forced Maryland housewife stopped between Then I sat down inside and drove-buzzer to pay extra to have the device put in their sauces and pickles at the Arlington Road shrieking all the way-three miles to the cars and then they're paying more dollars to Giant: "I feel like it's a big pain in the neck dealer. get it disconnected." but it's a good idea when you have kids I recalled my father's constant advice to Wyman believes that everyone should have that drive. It makes them buckle up." temperamental daughters that "a low voice the right to wear or not wear a seat belt. Gulf Station attendant: "Don't ask me to is a beautiful thing in a woman." (I thought "There are many instances in which it can do it but you can do it easy. Just look under it was an original sentiment; he thought he be dangerous." To the train story (come to the front seat and where you see what looks was quoting scripture; I was 17 before I dis­ think of it, couldn't he have let the car slide like an extension cord, pull it out. I tell covered he was misquoting King Lear.) backwards downhill off the tracks?) and the customers that all the time-you don't like But when the service manager greeted me woman attacked in the parking lot and the it, just pull it out. It's your constitutional with a smile-I shouted. "The (expletive victims drowned in their car, he adds hypo­ right." deleted) seat belt is stuck. Disconnect the thetical cases of fire, rear end collision, un­ D.C. housewife between gourmet foods and buzzer. Disconnect it at once! I'm hours usual weather conditions. His eyes return ice cream at Connecticut Avenue Safeway: late!" to the soothing New Hampshire scenes which "Listen, I hear a lot of people say it's un­ He patiently urged me to leave the ear­ decorate the wall. constitutional but you know what I tell l think he actually patted me on the head. "My bill has 70-100 cosponsors. I've lost them? I tell them about the accident that "We'll fix the belt-no charge. It's illegal to count. I wrote Congressman Moss, chairman happened right in front of my house and how disconnect the buzzer." of the subcommittee on Commerce and she wasn't wearing a seat belt. I say to That's when I told him about my hatchet Finance demanding that they bring the bill them, 'So just try going after your precious and reached towards my oversize pocketbook to a hearing but his view is that my bill pursuit of happiness when you have your to indicate that it still lay within and tried would be contrary to saving lives. Big Brother head through a windshield! ' " out this scarey maniacal laugh. demands seat !belts." Needless to say, many people are more Philip Lemov, counsel to the committee serene in dealing with commonplace annoy­ chaired by Rep. John Moss, D-Cal., recites RESOLUTION SUPPORTS PRESIDENT ances, and this is a good thing. Many people safety statistics. are also more mechanical than I and have "The Department of Transportation esti­ calmly and efficiently torn assunder buzzer mates that 10,000 lives will be saved annually HON. DAN KUYKENDALL systems which automobile manufacturers if everyone wears seat belts. So far four mil­ OF TENNESSEE lion new model cars have been sold-all have wrought for their own good. Others are IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES trying to alter the situation legislatively. with the ignition interlock. The Depart­ ment has received only 604 nasty letters, Tuesday, June 11, 1974 In the days when manufacturers first which is very few. Analysis of these letters started offering to put airplane seat belts into shows that most people who oppose the in­ Mr. KUYKENDALL. Mr. Speaker, I in­ automobiles as a rather exotic and expensive terlock do so because they say it violates clude the following resolution in the REC­ bit of additional equipment for the super­ freedom of choice, the right to risk life and ORD, adopted on June 1, 1974, by the Mas­ cautious, a memorable cartoon appeared. It limb." sachusetts State Republican Pre-Primary showed a car stalled on a railroad track with Ahha! Convention. a train rapidly approaching. The passen­ "Listen," he says. "They're beating a dying gers-a middle-aged man and wife-were This resolution is a timely remainder dinosaur anyhow. It's only an interim meas­ that there is substantial support for Pres­ frantically pulling at seat belts which ure. In 1976 it will be replaced with the air wouldn't release. The husband was glowering bags. We just don't want it pulled out be­ ident Nixon in every congressional dis­ at his wife with an expression that bespoke fore then." trict and State throughout the country, decades of hostility, and the wife was star­ Compulsory air bags? including Massachusetts which did not ing back and saying belligerently, "Well, Mais oui. cast its electoral votes for Mr. Nixon's re­ usually they save lives." It is important to note that the American election in 1972. The resolution follows: Rep. Louis C. Wyman, R-N.H., tells of a Civil Liberties Union is not ignoring the in­ similar story-without a trace of humorous RESOLUTION trusion of seat belt laws. In a statement on Be it resolved by the delegates of the Mas­ intent: a proposed compulsory seat belt law sub­ "Let's say a car is stuck on an icy railroad sachusetts Republican Pre-Primary Conven­ mitted to the D.C. City Council's Committee tion of 1974: track and it's headed uphill. What if the man on Highways and Transportation, chairman gets out to shovel sand under the wheels That we re-affirm our support of President of the National Capital Area ACLU, David Nixon and our confidence in the President's and when he gets back in he can't get the Isbell, wrote: seat belt to fasten. What he'll have to do is ability to continue to lead this great nation "As a civil liberties matter, we do not be­ and to fulfill the mandate given him by the abandon the car and let it get hit by a train." lieve the government has the right to legis­ (This sounds like a true life New Hampshire voters of the United States of America in the late on matters affecting the individual's only poll of legal significance-that of No­ story what with the ice and the sand and the behavior when the consequences of that be­ shovel in the trunk and all-except that vember 7, 1972; havior affect only that individual and not the That we believe in the right of due process there are no trains north of Boston these safety or health of the general community." days). of law that is due every citizen and that the Here is a sampling of some further com­ same standards of Justice should apply to the Wyman has many more for-instances: munity opinion: President of the United States as to any "What about a woman who's being chased Salesman at Ralph Brown Buick: "I'd say other citizen and that he is innocent until by a man in a parking lot and she outruns about 76 percent, maybe more, of the people proven guilty of an impeachable offense; him and then she jumps in her car. Only she buying new cars are opposed to the ignition That we abhor the state of emotional can't get it started in time because she has to interlock. The government's just going to frenzy and hatred that has been generated keep fussing with the seat belt. Think what have to come up with something else." and which now permeates this land against could happen. Sales Manager at Loving Chevrolet: "About the President, faced with possible political I am thinking. And shuddering. 60 percent object and the other 60 percent assassination at the hands of those who have "Or if by chance a car goes off a bridge accept it okay." already inferred his guilt of charges as yet into the water and in this case you have a Friendly neighborhood Amoco station at­ neither formally declared nor proven against seat belt on and it jams and you can't get tendant: "Lots of people ask me to discon­ him; out." He pauses to let the dreadful vision nect the whole business and I do it. I feel That, above all, we appeal for fairness to linger awhile. like if they want to have it. done, it's their the President and to his office in this time Wyman is the author of a bill which would car and it's their right." of crisis especially from the ranks of the prohibit seat belts being tied in with igni­ Friendly neighborhood Exxon station at­ communications media and the Congress of tion. "I don't think Congress ever intended tendant: "Sure I do it if someone asks. I the United States. 18844 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 11, 1974 WOMAN OF THE YEAR Others present at the Methodist Church INTERNATIONAL FINANCIERS HOLD Sunday morning honoring Mr. and Mrs. Odell Meadows were Mr. and Mrs. J. T. Green, SECRET MEETINGS LOBBYING HON. BILL NICHOLS Lanett and Mrs. Larry (Lisa} Blocker of FOR MORE FOREIGN AID Statesboro, Ga.. OF ALABAMA Miss Katherine King, Mrs. May Adams, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES from Birmingham, Mrs. Jack Auld, of Spring­ HON. JOE L. EVINS Tuesday, June 11, 1974 field, Pa. visited Dr. and Mrs. Bernard Gar­ OF TENNESSEE lington and Miss Lela Landrum last IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. NICHOLS. Mr. Speaker, last Thursday. month the Pilot Club of Camp Hill, Ala., Guests of Mr. and Mrs. Sellers Trimble Tuesday, June 11, 1974 named as "Woman of the Year" Mrs. C. this weekend were Mr. and Mrs. Floyd Mr. EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, B. Sullivan. Mrs. Sullivan has been a res­ Trimble, Birmingham, Mr. and Mrs. D. c. a recent newsletter by the Liberty Lobby, ident of Camp Hill since 1913 and during Wllliams, Birmingham, Wayne Gurley, Mont­ gomery, James Parker and son, Tallassee, a nonpartisan organization for better her long and honorable residence there, Mrs. Dorothy Webster, Tallassee, Mrs. Jay government, has been brought to my at­ she has distinguished herself as an ac­ Rearden, and Mrs. Lucile Seegers, Opelika tention in which it is alleged that news tive participant in community services, and Mrs. Jimmie Lou Langley. accounts of meetings of international business activities, church work, and as Rev. and Mrs. L. C. Prater drove to Louis­ financiers for increased foreign aid at an educator. ville, Miss. for Homecoming at the Louisville their Bilderberg group meetings have It is of particular note that this out­ Universalist Church. They returned home been suppressed. standing woman was at one time the Monday afternoon. An investigation into these meetings Mrs. Irma Gabbett was hostess to the Uni­ teacher of one of our own colleagues here versalist women Monday afternoon at her has been conducted, and this most re­ in the House of Representatives. I am re­ home. The program was a review of some cent account of Liberty Lobby's findings f erring to our honorable friend from the Camp Hill history as it was made by the is most revealing. State of Florida, Congressman CLAUDE WL1. J . Slaughter family. Because of the interest of my col­ PEPPER. Representative PEPPER tells me leagues and the American people in this that Mrs. Sullivan played an important MRS. C. B. SULLIVAN HONORED FRIDAY NIGHT matter, I place in the RECORD herewith role in shaping his own life in those for­ Mrs. Charles B. Sullivan was honored by a copy of the Liberty Lobby newsletter. mative youthful days and no doubt she the . Pilot Club of Camp Hill Friday night The article follows: inspired the Congressman from Florida as its distinguished woman of the year. [From the Liberty Lowdown, June 1974) Continuing the tradition begun last year by toward a deepe:;:, more meaningful con­ honoring an outstanding woman whose selec­ THE CONSPmACY THEORY OF HISTORY ception of his role in life. tion by a special committee was based on In thEl la.st issue of Homefront, the organ I would like to submit to the RECORD recognition of her participation in several of the Institute for American Democracy, of this body, two articles which appeared categories such as church work, community the editor says, in discussing Liberty Lobby: in the Dadeville Record, one of Ala­ service, public affairs, business and profes­ The zealots are fighting against a "con­ bama's finest weekly newspapers, and sional achievements, and outstanding con­ spiracy." This, you must admit, ls a much hope that it brings to mind those im­ tributions, to the community. handier explanation for the state of things portant people in our own lives: Mrs. Sullivan received the Pilot Club award then (sic} the hard-to-face fact that we for her aspirations and achievements in all have problems for which there are no rea­ [From the Dadeville Record, May 2, 1974] these fields. sonable, short range solutions. They all Zook MRS. SULLIVAN HONORED BY PILOT CLUB The Reverend L. C. Prater gave a short for whipping boys to rally against. A very inspirational meeting Friday eve­ biography of the honoree which revealed Students of the intellectual perversion ning at the Methodist Church planned and some interesting facts about the life of Mrs. known as Marxism will recognize the above put on by Ca.mp Hill Pilot Club, honored Mrs. Sullivan who had moved to Camp Hill from as a statement of the orthodox Marxist View Catherine Sullivan for her outstanding serv­ Arkansas in the early 1900's. Mrs. Sullivan that the historical movement toward social­ ice to our town. had worked as a teacher, a volunteer for ism is lneVitable, and proceeds ponderously The Rev. W. W. Flournoy, of United Meth­ needy causes and had remained active until according to vast and impersonal forces odist Church in Richland, Ga. made the recent years in community, church and social which cannot be denied. Unfortunately, this principle address. activities. opinion has been absorbed by American "in­ Rev. L. C. Prater introduced Mrs. Sullivan Mrs. Sullivan recounted some of her early tellectuals" as standard liberal doctrine. to the congregation paying tribute to the years, remarking with a slnile how prospec­ Those who have dared to contradict openly high quality of her contribution to the en­ tive students were at first awed at having this orthodoxy have paid for their courage richment of our church and community life. such a tall teacher, explaining her hair by being immediately labeled by the press Mrs. Paul Strozier, who was master of the fashion, as was everyone's of the day, made with such terms as "paranoid," "extrelnist" ceremony presented Mrs. Sullivan with a her look much taller than she actually was. "fascist" and, of course, "antl-Selnitic," the beautiful orchid corsage. Mrs. Sullivan was gracious 1n her appreci­ standard imprecations hurled as witches' Rev. Paul Morgan, of the local Methodist ation for receiving such an honor from the curses against the luckless few who dare to Church gave the benediction. Pilot Club and retold of how several in the challenge the official "line." Sunday morning at the close of the wor­ audience had affected her life in Camp Hill. Innumerable Americans have thus been ship service a special service of recognition Mrs. Sullivan introduced several guests, intilnidated from professing the "conspiracy for long and loyal service to the church was among them, her sister, Mrs. Louise Ellis, theory" and those who have not been so given honoring Mr. and Mrs. Odell Meadows. Washington, D.C., Mrs. Erma Reel, Washing­ intilnidated have oftentimes wasted their Oscar Chester made the principle address ton, D.C., Mrs. W. G. Wood, LaFayette and time and effo.(t in trying to explain it to giVing considerable thought to some early Mrs. Denny from Alexander City. others because of the obvious difficulty in­ history of the Methodist Church in Camp The Award and an Orchid was presented volved in trying to expose something which, Hill. Then he presented a beautiful silver to the honoree by Mrs. Paul Strozier before a by its very nature, is secret and hidden. tray to Mr. and Mrs. Meadows. A number V .I.P. audience at the First United Methodist The tremendous difficulties involved have of members of the Meadows falnily were pres­ Church, climaxing an hour of excitement therefore seriously prevented popular assign­ ent. Out of town visitors were Mr. and Mrs. and entertainment. ment of the responsibility for why America Guest speaker for the occasion was the and the West have reached such a state of J. P. Creel, Talladega; Ben Charles Meadows pronounced decline. Obviously, without such of Atlanta; Col. and Mrs. George Taafe, Au­ Rev. W. W. Flournoy who spoke on Women Worth Knowing. Reverend Flournoy was in­ assignment, any hope for the survival of the burn; Mr. and Mrs. Billy Meadows, Opelika; West ls fatuous. Mr. and Mrs. Richard Kirkland, Selma. troduced by Mrs. Paul Strozier. Is there any wa.y to prove the existence of Dennis Davis sang a. solo in the service. Mrs. Barto Amason welcomed the guests and special entertainment was provided by a great conspiracy to despoil the West-a Women of the Wesleyan Guild and other relatively easy way to lay out the facts in church women were in charge of the meeting. Mrs. Ramona Reece who rendered several musical selections accompanied by Capt. such fashion that no fair-minded person can The Seniors of Tallapoosa Academy made possibly deny that such a conspiracy ex­ an interesting trip by bus the 22nd to the John Struck of Lyman Ward Military Academy at the organ. ists? 26th to Washington, D.C. They toured the Thanks to the facts that are now known nation's capital, stopped by Natural Bridge Following the invocation by Rev. Paul Morgan, Mrs. Hubert COnine read the Pilot about the Bllderberg Group and the astound­ in Virginia and Gatlinburg, Tenn. ing control that this organization exercises Miss Louise Ellis, sistor of Mrs. Sullivan Code of Ethics. Reverend Louis Lambert gave the benediction. over the so-called "free press" in Europe and and Mrs. Irma Reel of Washington, D.C. are America such proof is now simple to estab­ visiting Mrs. Sullivan and were present for A reception in the church parlors followed lish for anyone who will devote 15 minutes the Pilot meeting honoring her Friday night. the program. Mrs. Marcus Moreman was in to the subject. Also present Friday night were Mrs. John charge of the arrangements and she was as­ Please note that this argument is not con­ L. Denney, Alexander City -and Mrs. w. G. sisted by Mrs. W. T. Handley and Mrs. cerned with the subjects the Bilderbergers Wood of LaFayette. Ramona Reece. discuss in their secret conferences. Of course. June 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18845 the content of their discussions is the core of vice to the lovelorn, horoscopes, crossword Hoffman's many friends, both in and out the controversy, but all this issue of Liberty puzzles, recipes, features on giant pandas, of Congress, in wishing him the best of Lowdown addresses is the fact that the meet­ African voodoo and Common Cause, adver­ luck in his so-called "retirement." ings are unreported by the press. In other tisements for and reviews of pornography and other garbage. Private practice of law, 4 years in the words, for the purposes of this analysis, it is 23 unimportant whether they get together once But not one square inch in this Sahara of military, years with the Justice De­ each year in secrecy to play pinochle, have newsprint 1s ever given to a Bilderberg meet­ partment, and 3 years with the House a party or to discuss plans and strategems to ing. No news coYerage. No features on the Judiciary Committee apparently are not money and the wealth of the world to their personalities, their love lives or their riches. enough of a career for this able, consci­ bank accounts. The mere fa.ct that they do No human interest. No photos of them at entious, and energetic lawyer. And so he get together and that their meetings are work or play or alighting from their private has taken on a new challenge as director protected from any and all publicity is what jets or riding in their heavily-guarded limou­ sines. of the Governmental Relations Office of is germane to this discussion, and what is, the American Bar Association. The ABA in itself, proof of a conspiracy. The nature And most important of all, nothing-abso­ lutely nothing-about what they talked could not have found many people better of the conspiracy is another matter worthy about. No speculation, predictions, analysis. qualified to serve as its top official in of inquiry but one that cannot be intelli­ No interviews, no halfbaked syndicated phil· Washington. By training, experience, gently explored until the existence of the osophy, witticisms or moralizing editorials in conspiracy itself is recognized as an incon­ temperament, and personality, Herb is the Los Angeles Times. No cartoons by He1·b· eminently right for the job. trovertible fact. lock, Conrad or Parrish. No screams of rage CONSPIRACY STATED from Jane Fonda, William Kunstler or the Congratulations and good wishes to Because of what is known about the Bilder­ ACLU. No threats from the SLA. No wisdom Herb, my friend of many years, and con­ berg Group and the control it exercises over from Erle Sevareid, Howard K. Smith or gratulations to the American Bar Asso­ the so-called "free press" of the West there David Brinkley. No excited exposes from Jack ciation on selecting this fine laWYer and is no explanation save that of conspiracy Anderson or bi ting sarcasm from Nicholas administrator for a job for which he is to account for the fact that the entire press von Hoffman. Not even a peep from Time­ ideally suited. of the world has suppressed all mention of even though its managing editor, Henry the Bilderberg meetings and all recognition Grunwald, attended the 1974 meeting, just as of the existence of the Group. Osborn Elllott, president of Newsweek, at­ The simple statement in the paragraph tended in 1971. Total silence. LAND USE above is far too much for the average Amer­ HARD-WORKING REPORTER MYTH ican to comprehend, be he conservative, The second excuse is equally preposterous. liberal or neuter. It is totally 111t odds with One of the great legends of America (taught HON. EDWARD R. MADIGAN the Great American Myth-that America is a to us by the press) 1s that of the honest, OF ILLINOIS free Nation, resting on the bulwark of Free­ hard-working reporter who, by dint of ef­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dom of Speech, and that the newspapers and fort, comes up with a great story exposing other media are free and uncontrolled. an evil plot. It 1s true that once his boss Tuesday, June 11, 1974 To accept the paragragh above requires puts him on the trail of a story he wants, Mr. MADIGAN. Mr. Speaker, in recent the average American to destroy the image a reporter will not easily give up-so long of America he has held since infancy. Yet, as he continues to draw a salary and ex.­ years this country has rushed into new the image must be destroyed if America is penses, that is. There must be a hundred programs wtih inadequate concern for to survive. The image is as false as the de­ thousand reporters in Europe and the U.S. both the costs and benefits such pro­ cline of America is factual. The Bilderbergers have been meeting for grams produce. As a result, we have too To understand that a conspiracy exists, years at roughly the same time every year. often fostered conflict rather that prog­ begin with two undeniable facts: · Virtually any reporter, if he had wanted to, ress. 1. A meeting of very important world figures could have found out when and where the In the near future the Congress will took place at Megeve April 19-21, 1974; 1974 meeting was going to be held. Liberty 2. The fact that this meeting took place Lowdown did, with a budget of pennies com­ debate legislation designed to be a first was not reported in any major newspaper in pared to the Associated Press. UPI or CBS­ step toward land-use planning. Un­ the world, covered by any wire service or re­ TV. doubtedly, a national land-use plan­ ported on radio or television anywhere ex­ In addition, all newspapers, radio ntations ning policy is our No. 1 environmental cept in the immediate vicinity of the meet­ and TV stations subscribe to a wire service priority. ing. and possess at least one teletype that con• Current land-use trends give little There are only three possible explanations nects them with the world. By their contract cause for satisfaction to any reasonable for these two facts: they are obligated to inform the agency of 1. The event was really not "news" in the local news. This 1s the way the agency nor­ man. Valuable agriculture land is being accepted journalistic definition and conse­ mally learns of floods, airplane crashes and destroyed. Unique natural assets have quently unworthy of notice, or earthquakes-from feedback from a local been swallowed up by commercial and 2. The press did not know of the meeting newspaper or radio station. In 1971 the Rut­ urban growth. Just as importantly, how­ and so could not report on it, or land Herald carried a small news story on ever, powerplant and refinery construc­ 3. Every wire service in the world, includ­ the Bllderberg meeting at Woodstock, Vt.­ tion has been substantially halted by ing AP, UPI, Reuters and Tass, and hundreds a small town next door with no daily news• concerned environmentalists. 1! not thousands of professional journalists paper of its own. It had to because all the In sum, both economic growth and the and their employers in Europe and the U.S., local people knew about it and therefore leftists, liberals and "responsible conserva­ the story could not be locally suppressed. environment have suffered from the ab­ tives" knew of the me.eting and conspired to­ By the Herald's contract with UPI and/or sence of an intelligent land-use plan­ gether to suppress it. AP, it was compelled to report the story to ning process. That has happened primar­ There are no other possibilities. One of New York City. But the story was never car­ ily because of the absence of govern­ them has to be true. Let us exe.mine them: ried anywhere else. mental processes for harmonizing the As for the first, Lesson Number One in all CONSPmACY THE CONCLUSION sometimes conflicting values of economic journalism classes is that "names make The conclusion therefore has to be that growth and environmental protection. news." This is not only known by all dewy­ the third possibility-conspiracy-is the only I would hope that reasonable men can cheeked high school freshmen who work on possible explanation of the facts. The Roths­ their school paper but by experienced jour­ still recognize that both of these values childs, Rockefellers and other super-rich in· deserve priority in Government. Absent nalists who work for the New York newspaper ternationalists at Megeve merely told their which promises "All the News That's Fit to underling publishers-the Sulzbergers, either, the human experience will be less Print." Every year, somewhere in the world, Schiffs, Newhouses, Knights, Chandlers, Pul­ satisfying. the Bllderbergers get together to discuss con­ llams, Buckleys, etc.-that there was to be Thus, the question becomes one of de­ cerns of mutual interest. His Royal Highness no news of the meeting. vising processes which accommodate Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands, the chairman of the Bilderberg Organization, both. Unfortunately, neither the Steiger arrived at Kennedy International Airport on HERB HOFFMAN-A PROFESSIONAL bill nor the Udall bill does this. Com­ April 22, 1971, en route to Woodstock, Vt.. puter inventories of land characteristics from Holland to attend the Bilderberg meet­ can be valuable tools. But they are not ing scheduled for that weekend. He was met HON. HENRY P. SMITH Ill processes for accommodating equally im­ by dozens of reporters, and additional dozens OF NEW YORK portant and sometimes competing values. surrounded the Woodstock Inn during that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Grants to the States for implementing meeting. Before this meeting, as well as prior such inventories with or without Federal to the Megeve meeting, during the meetings Tuesday, June 11, 1974 guidelines and sanctions regarding their and afterward newspapers printed thousands Mr. SMITH of New York. Mr. Speaker, use will not create the local government of tons of paper for readers containing ad- I take this opportunity to join with Herb processes, mechanisms, and leadership CX.X--1188-Part 14 18846 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 11, 1974 for bringing together advocates of eco­ RESULTS FROM ANNUAL POLL prise 74 percent oppose a unilateral nomic growth with proponents of en­ troop withdrawal from Europe. On the vironmental protection. HON. DAVID W. DENNIS other hand 54 percent favor a 5-percent Any businessman who believes that across-the-board cut in the defense environmentalists can be silenced by the OF INDIANA budget, and 58 percent oppose continued stiff upper lip approach is out of touch IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES military and economic aid to South Viet­ with political reality. Similarly, any en­ Tuesday, June 11, 1974 nam. vironmentalist who believes that the Mr. DENNIS. Mr. Speaker, results are Seventh. Answers were split almost public will do without adequate public in from my annual poll of voters of the exactly 50-50 on the creation of a new services is equally shortsighted. 10th Indiana Congressional District, and Consumer Protection Agency. The consequent political need is to I believe that this typical mid-America Eighth. Ninety-two percent favor com­ compel these interests to meet and sys­ area has furnished some returns of gen­ pulsory restoration of the land after temically compromise their demands. eral interest and significance. strip mining, but 68 percent are against The concept of compromise does not en­ First. On the burning legal-political the abolition of strip mining; 77 percent tail each side accepting half a loaf. What issue of the day 65 percent of those re­ favor temporary relaxation of clean air it does require is that both interests sin­ plying believe that the House of Repre­ standards in order to conserve energy cerely explore the objectives of the other sentatives should not impeach the Pres­ and promote the use of coal. in order to achieve mutual accommoda­ ident of the United States; 84 percent Ninth. In the field of foreign trade a tion of their goals. believe that the President ought not to narrow 53 percent majority favors In essence that means that environ­ resign. granting the President the power to mentalists must begin to articulate de­ Second. The great domestic issue of negotiate reciprocal trade agreements fined, positive objectives, and that busi­ the day is inflation. I put to my constit­ with foreign countries; but 64 percent nessmen must begin to explore ways to uents the following tough political ques­ oppose "most-favored nation" trade accommodate those objectives and still tion: with the Soviet Union; and a surprising produce power, homes and jobs. The local 9. In order to fight inflation and high 67 percent of those replying stated that land-use authority should cease to be a prices, would you be willing to sharply cut they favored control and restriction of forum where environmentalists oppose ~he expenditures of the Federal government, American agricultural exports. It is in 1n?luding all forms of Federal grants of aid, this general field, and particularly as all change. And it should cease to be an raise Federal taxes, bring the national budget to this last item, that I find myself in agency that business interests feel they nearer to balance, reduce money supply, and the most disagreement with the majority. must dominate. generally tighten the national economic belt Presumably this answer indicates wide­ Both attitudes and structures must be even if it means an adjustment period of spread and natural concern with high altered to facilitate systematic accom­ temporary economic recession accompanied by increased unemployment? food· prices; but I disbelieve funda­ modation. Legislatively that requires an mentally in governmental regulations of approach which encourages local experi­ A significant number on both sides qualified their answer by objecting to any this character, and I am convinced both mentation. In some areas some land-use that American agriculture has to export decisions should be made by smaller raise in Federal taxes, but 69 percent an­ swered this question in the affirmative. in order to prosper, and that the general units of Government than now make economy cannot prosper if American them. In other areas, there is a need for While we all know that people tend to want to save money on the other man's agriculture is seriously depressed. metropolitan area and regional struc­ As always, I found these answers of tures to address specific types of land-use program I nevertheless consider a 69- percent "yes" answer to an austerity pro­ my constitutents interesting, enlighten­ problems. ~ram of this kind highly significant, and ing, and full of food for thought. More Authority for regulating small land­ something to be pondered by the advo­ answers came in this year than ever be­ use changes in existing communities cates of big government and the welfare fore, and it is encouraging to know that must probably be handled differently state. the people at home are interested and concerned in these important national than authority for protecting greenbelt · Third. A slight majority-53 percent-­ and natural area uses of land. and international affairs. opposed any form of national health in­ I am personally indebted to, and wish My point is that we are more likely to surance; and a wide margin, 92 percent, to sincerely thank, each resident of the arrive at an efficient, democratic process favored use of the private insurance in­ 10th Indiana District who took the time for managing their decisions with a dustry and retention of an individual and trouble to send me a reply. Federal effort which places emphasis on choice of physician, if any plan is The complete results of the question­ two factors: first, maximum feasible joint adopted. naire are as follows: participation by environmentalists and Fourth. Wage and price controls were 1. In your opinion, should the House of businessmen; and second, maximum af­ opposed 58 to 42 percent, except for a Representatives vote to impeach the Presi­ firmative experimentation at the local "rollback" in the price of crude oil, which dent of the United States? (Note: Impeach­ y;as favored by the same margin; 95 per­ ment means bringing charges of "high crimes level. and misdemeanors" which, if proved after Therefore, I will oppose both the cent oppose gasoline rationing; and a narrow margin-53 percent--favored trial by the Senate to the satisfaction of Steiger and the Udall bills. Both seem too two-thirds of the Senators present and vot­ ending Federal regulation of the wellhead ing, would result in the President's removal likely to crystallize business-environ­ price of natural gas. ment conflicts. Neither is adequately af­ from office.) Yes, 35%. No, 65%. Fifth. Despite political scandals 78 2. If the President is impeached by the firmative in framing strategy for trans­ percent still oppose the financing of House of Representatives, should the United forming these conflicts into constructive, political campaign by public funds. An States Senate thereafter convict him of high cooperative action. Inventing tools be­ overwhelming 94 percent feel that any crimes and Inisdemeanors and thereby re­ fore we fashion the democratic processes move him from office? Yes, 33%. No, 67%. campaign reform legislation should 3. Should President Nixon resign from his for using them is most assuredly not a apply equally strict provisions to labor office? Yes, 16%. No, 84%. formula for progress. union and corporate contributions. 4. Should the Congress pass a law attempt­ What I believe is needed is a Federal Sixth. In military and related matters ing to "roll back" the price of crude oil? effort which assists model local experi­ the returns indicate to me that 10th Yes, 58%. No, 42%. ments in resolving the business-environ­ District people are patriotic, national­ 5. Should the price of natural gas at the istic, and in favor of cutting fat but not wellhead be deregulated, so far as Federal ment impasse. It should not bear a regulation is concerned? Yes, 47%. No, 53%. "Made in Washington" label. Rather, it muscle; 91 percent oppose any surrender 6. Should gasoline rationing be imposed? should be an example of Washington of control over the Panama Canal; 74 Yes, 5%. No, 95%. turning to local government for creative percent favor developing an American 7. Should wage and price controls be ended? solutions to a problem Washington has naval base on the island of Diego Garcia Yes, 58%. No, 42%. had a role in creating. in the Indian Ocean. Rather to my sur- 8. Should the United States, now or in the June 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18847 future, surrender its jurisdiction and con­ 24. Do you favor ol' oppose the development ing that Sergeant Strank participated In was trol over the Panama Canal? Yes, 9%. No, of a U.S. Na.val base on the island of Diego a reenactment of the original flag raising. It 91%. Garcia, in the Indian Ocean, In order to might be well for me to take a few minutes 9. In order to fight inflation and high counter Soviet naval power and political to describe the events that took place on the prices, would you be willing to sharply cut influence in that area? Favor, 74%. Oppose, slopes of Suribachi on Iwo Jima the 23rd of the expenditures of the Federal government, 26 %. February 1946. including all forms of Federal grants in aid, Early on this date, which was four days raise Federal taxes, bring the national budget after the landing, on "D" day on Iwo Jima, a nearer to balance, reduce money supply, and RAISED FLAG ON !WO JIMA small patrol started to reconnoiter suitable generally tighten the national economic belt, routes to scale the slopes of SuribachL The even if it meant an adjustment period of patrol lead.er reported as he went along that temporary economic reces.sion accompanied the Japanese were holed up. by increased unemployment§ Yes, 69%. No, HON. JOHN P. MURTHA The battalion commander decided to send 31%. OF PENNSYLVANIA a 40-man combat patrol and a handful of 10. If campaign reform legislation is en­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES men from battalion headquarters under acted, should equally strict provisions apply command of First Lieutenant Harold G. to political contributions by corporations and Tuesday, June 11, 1974 Schrier, the company "E" executive officer, to political contributions by labor unions? Mr. MURTHA. Mr. Speaker, Sgt. to seize and occupy the crest. Sergeant Louis Yes, 94%. No, 6%. Michael Strank, one of the men who R. Lowery, a photographer for Leatherneck 11. Illegalities and scandals in political raised the :flag on Iwo Jima was born in magazine, attached himself to the patrol to fund raising have created a drive for cam­ record In detail the attempt against SUri­ paign funding reform, including the idea the 12th Congressional District of Penn­ bachi. After the battalion commander had that campaigns for public office ought to be sylvania. His mother, Mary Strank, still outlined the mission, he handed Lieuten­ paid for in whole or in part by public tax lives in the district and I had the privi­ ant Schrier a flag to be raised 1f the patrol funds. Do you favor or oppose the financing lege of sharing the speaking platform gained Its objective. This small 54 x 28 inch of political campaigns by means of public with Brig. Gen. Ernest R. Reid whose flag had been brought ashore from the at­ funds, drawn from the U.S. Treasury? Favor, eloquent speech commemorating Ser­ tack transport Missoula by First Lieutenant George Wells, the battalion adjutant. 22 % . Oppose, 78 % . geant Strank I present for the RECORD: 12. Do you favor or oppose some form of The patrol reached the rim of the crater national health insurance? Favor, 47%. Op­ SGT. MICHAEL STRANK about 10: 15. As the Marines scrambled over pose, 53%. Today, we are here to honor the name of the lip, a small defending force challenged 13. If a national health insurance program Sergeant Michael Strank for whom your VFW the patrol and a short, hot fight developed. is adopted, should it be entirely publicly Post was named, and his mother, Martha Even while this skirmish was In Pl'ogress, managed and financed by Federal tax funds, Strank, who ts with us today. Vasil, also some of the men located a length of Jlpanese or would you favor a plan which made use of known as Charles, and Martha. Strank came iron pipe, secured the small American flag the private insurance system and preserved to this country from Czechoslovakia. Michael to one end, and raised the stars and stripes an individual choice of doctor: was born on 10 November 1919, and came to at 10:20. It was an inspiring sight for thou­ Public System-Favor, 27%. Oppose, 73%. this country with his parents when he was sands of Amercans on Iwo as the flag waved Private insurance and doctors-Favor, 92 %, 2¥:i years old. He attended the schools of bravely from the summit. The event was Oppose, 8%. Franklin Borough, Pennsylvania and was photographed by Sergeant Lowery. 14. Do you favor or oppose relaxation or graduated from high school in 1937. Shortly after the raising of this flag, an temporary suspension of clean air standards, Michael Strank enlisted In the Marine unidentified Marine went aboard LST 779, 1n order to conserve energy and promote the Corps for four years at Pittsburgh on 6 Octo­ beached near the base of the volcano, to ob­ use of coal instead of fuel oil? Favor, 77%. ber 1939. On 17 January 1941 Michael, now tain a larger set of colors. As this second Oppose, 23 % . a private first class, sailed for Guantanamo and larger 96 x 56 inches flag was being car­ 15. Do you favor or oppose the abolition of Bay, Cuba, arriving on the 23d. On 8 April ried up the slope of Suribachi, Associated strip mining? Favor, 32%. Oppose, 68%. he returned to the States and proceeded to Press photographer, Joe Rosenthal, noticed 16. Do you favor or oppose Federal law or Parris Island, South Carolina. In September, it and instantly started in close pursuit. regulation which will permit the continuance Michael moved with the new First Division to Sergeant Michael Strank from Franklin of strip mining but will require the mining New River, North Carollna, now known as Borough, Pennsylvania; Corporal Harlen companies to restore the land they have Camp Lejeune. He was promoted to corporal Block from Yorktown, Texas; Private First used? Favor, 92%. Oppose 8%. on 23 April 1941, and was advanced to ser­ Class Franklin R. Sousley from Flemings­ 17. Do you favor or oppose the withdrawal geant on 26 January 1942. He sailed from burg, Kentucky; and Private First Class Ira of American troops from Europe without San Diego, California on the 12th of April H. Hayes from Sacaton, Arizona were the waiting for corresponding withdrawals on and on 31 May he landed in the Wallis Is­ four members of the patrol that carried this the part of the Soviet Union? Favor 26%. lands. In September, after a short tenure set of colors up Suribachi's slopes. Oppose, 74%. with the 22nd Marines, he was transferred When the men arrived at the top, Lieuten­ 18. Do you favor or oppose a five per cent to the 3rd Marine Raider Battalion. With the ant Schrier decided that the new flag should across the board cut in the $92.6 b11llon pro­ raiders, be participated In the landing opera­ be raised as the original one was lowered. posed defense budget? Favor, 54%. Oppose, tions and occupation of Pavuvu Island In the Sergeant Strank and the others fastened 46%. Russell Islands from 21 February until 18 the larger colors to a second pipe and then 19. Do you favor or oppose the c trol and March. and in the seizure and occupation tried to set the makeshift staff in the rugged restriction of American agricultural ex­ of the Empress Augusta. Bay area on Bou­ ground. Since the four men appeared to be ports-6uch as exports of wheat, meat, soy­ gainville from 1 November until 12 January having difficulty getting the pipe firmly beans, etc.? Favor, 67%. Oppose, 33%. 1944. On 14 February, be was returned to planted, two onlookers, Pharmacist's Mate 20. Do you favor or oppose the extension San Diego for rest and reassignment. Second Class John H. Bradley from Apple­ of power to the President to negotiate Upon return from leave, Sergeant Strank ton, Wisconsin and Private First Class Rene reciprocal agreements with foreign coun­ was assigned to Company "E", 2nd Battalion, A. Gagnon, from Manchester, New Hamp­ tries respecting tariffs and imports and ex­ 28th Marines, 5th Marine Division. After ex­ shire, came to their aid. The latter two are port quotas? Favor, 63%. Oppose 47%. tensive training at Camp Pendleton and in the only survivors. Bradley resides In Antigo, 21. Do you favor or oppose the extension Hawaii, Michael Strank landed on Iwo Jima Wisconsin and Gagnon in Manchester, New of "most favored nation" treatment to the on 19 February 1945. Hampshire. Soviet Union-that is do you favor or oppose After the fall of Mount Suribachi, he All six were struggling to raise the flag trade with the Soviet Union on the same moved northward with bis unit. On 1 March, when Rosenthal snapped a picture of the basis as with any other country, including while attacking Japanese positions in north­ scene. According to Rosenthal, luck played the extension of credits? Favor, 36%. Oppose, ern Iwo Jima, he was fatally wounded by an important part In the taking of his pho­ 64%. enemy artillery fire. He was buried in the tograph. The AP photographer arrived at 22. Do you favor or oppose continued 6th Marine Division Cemetery with the last the summit just as Lieutenant Schrier was economic and military aid (not U.S. troops) rites of the catholic church. On 13 Pebru­ prepared to take down the first flag. At first, to South Vietnam? Favor, 42%. Oppose, 68%. a.r.y 1949 his remains were reinterred in Arl· Rosenthal hoped to photograph the lowering 23. Do you favor or oppose the creation of a ington National Cemetery. of the first flag together with the raising of new Federal Consumer Protection Agency, sergeant Strank was entitled to the follow­ the larger one. When be discovered that he which will be empowered to Intervene on ing decorations and medals: Purple Heart, would not have time to line up both pic­ behalf of the consumer in proceedings before Presidential Unit Citation with one star, tures, he decided to concentrate In the sec­ other Federal regulatory agencies? (For American Defense service Meda.I, American ond flag raising. He backed off about 35 feet, example, If the Federal Trade Comm.Jssion Area Campaign Medal, Asiatic Pacific Cam­ only to cl1scover that because of the sloping brought proceedlngs against Company X, paign Medal with four stars, and the World ground he could not see what was happen­ appeal 1t lt disagreed. with the decision.) War II Victory Medal. ing. He plled up some loose stones, mounted Favor, 49.51 %. Oppose, 60.49%. On occasion I have heard that the flag rats- them, and focused on the band of Marines. 18848 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 11, 1974 Just as he was training his camera on the LOOKING AT PEORIA He said flatly that the Peoria plan is men, Lieutenant Schrier walked into his line getting full support and funds from Uncle of vision. Fortunately, the officer stepped out Sam because "it will work!" of the way in time for the picture to be HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL On "How will it play in Peoria?" he said: made. OF ILLINOIS "Watching your mayor, your stage manager, Rosenthal took 18 photographs on Iwo IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES your directors, you've got a long run ahead." Jima that eventful day, among them was a. What he was interested in was Action, and shot posed by men of the 28th Marines Tuesday, June 11, 1974 he saw it here where it has been harder to around the flag. When queried a few days see in too many places. later by his wire service picture editor as to Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, the old I suspect that in a comparative basis, this whether the flag raising picture had been cliche, "How will it play in Peoria?" has down-to-earth orientation to action is what posed, Rosenthal, unaware of which picture been getting quite a workout these cays, is more characteristic of Central Illinois, had had the sensational reception in the and I am sure many of t~1e non-Peorians comparatively, than many places. We are United States, thought the editor meant the who have seen and read some of the still bigger on "doing" than on theory. one which had actually been posed. Out of various "special reports" on our city that We think that way, by and large. It is re­ Rosenthal's affirmative reply to the editor have been presented recently, have flected in our leisure as well as the humming grew the misconception that the flag rais­ factories and farms. ing picture was really a fake. wanted to ask, "Will the real Peoria please stand up?" There would have to be more than 500 golf The testimony of Rosenthal himself and of courses in the city of Chicago to have any­ the eyewitnesses who survived the battle, The Peoria Journal Star has some thing resembling the per capita availability however, attest that the photograph was in thoughts on this that ought to interest of that action recreation that exists in the no way rigged. As Rosenthal put it: "Had I anyone who has wondered "how will it tri-county area. posed that shot, I would, of course, have play ... ? " What they boil down to is, as Bowling alleys have a similar density here ruined it. I'd have picked fewer men . . . I the Journal-Star says, that Peoria- greater than the norm. Almost one tenth of would also have made them turn their the whole population are hunters and Is a vigorous town, more than any other fishers. heads so that they could be identified for single thing in all our diversity. Someday, AP members throughout the country, and somebody Will capture that, and perhaps get The kind of pay-your-money-and-sit-in­ nothing like the existing picture would have a glimmer along the way that this effects your-chair entertainment for transients that resulted." how we think. It involves results, not just marks the Big Town is scarce here. We have As it was, the picture became the most the transcendant beauty of the idea itself been ridiculed for it. famous single photograph ever taken. It was suspended in space all by itself. But what visitors do not stay around long used as a symbol of the 7th war loan drive. enough to realize is that we have a lesser It ap~ared on literally millions of posters LOOKING AT PEORIA spectator industry but a much greater par­ and on P, three cent postage stamp. And it was Visitors from other media across the na­ ticipating recreation activity. forever immortalized in the largest bronze tion have put in about 75 man-days so far in If I were doing a TV short on Peoria, I statue in the world, the Marine Corps War the past year trying to come up with some would have a fast pan from a gyrating Memorial in Arlington, Virginia. Incident­ kind of report on "How it plays in Peoria?" chorus line of a Caterpillar musical show to ally, the flag itself is displayed at the Ma­ and some sort of basic idea of what is the fast moving violin bows in the symphony or­ rine Corps museum at Quantico, Virginia. particular character or personality of our chestra and then: Caterpillar machines I talked to Joe Rosenthal earlier this week part of the world. building something with power and force; (by-the-way, Mr. Rosenthal asked to be David Frost of British television tried a a sweep of busy multiple bowling lanes; remembered to the members of the Michael kind of "town meeting" set-up with Frost boats on the river; duck hunters; construc­ Strank Post of the VFW, as he recalled very stimulating a dialogue from an assembly of tion workers hard at it; etc. And I'd get the . fondly of being present at the dedication of about 100 people in a TV studio. same guy at work and at play, again and this post). In discussing the events of 23 CBS hit the high spots and ended up With again. Action, action, action! February 1945 and remarking on the Na­ its original idea-that Peoria is a rock-ribbed This is a vigorous town, more than any tional Fame of the Flag raising picture, Mr. Republican stronghold, regardless of the other single thing in all our diversity. · Rosenthal made the observation: "A photog­ evidence of mixed results in past elections. Someday, somebody will capture that, and rapher is only the recorder of an event. The Associated Press did a cross-section perhaps get a glimmer along the way that The subject, their actions, and the context kind of thing, as did the Christian Science this effects how we think. of the actions recorded are responsible for ·Monitor. The Atlanta Constitution took a It involves results, not just the transcend­ the greatness of a picture as perceived by the very quick look and not a very penetrating ant beauty of the idea itself suspended in viewer." one. space all by itself! The Philadelphia Inquirer produced an The flag raising at Iwo has become one of ·impressive report in which Jim Mann learned c. L. DANCEY. the events in the history of our Republic a great deal about this town in a very short that is instantly recognized. As we near the time, and something of its real diversity. bi-centennial of our Nation, I am reminded ABC's Ron Miller and crew spent some THE 30TH ANNIVERSARY OF CON­ of the painting of George Washington cross­ time here Memorial Day week, and they pre­ GRESSMAN JOHN ROONEY ing the Delaware and its symbolic portrayal sented a crisp report of what they found of the actions of brave men in establishing with pictures that actually looked like Peoria our Nation. As it depicts the determination even to Peorians. When one considers how HON. JOHN M. SLACK at the birth of our country, the Iwo flag many hours of work must be compressed ---"" OF WEST vmGINIA raising depicts to posterity the symbol of the into a couple of minutes, they did an amaz­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES same Nation some 170 years later, its brave ing job of picking things that were fair and men again triumphant in a war that meant representative. Tuesday, June 11, 1974 survival to our still relatively young Nation. Both ABC and the Associated Press refused Mr. SLACK. Mr. Speaker, on Thurs­ Yes, to me this symbolic picture serves to make a cliche pitch, in favor of a glimpse to remind that our country has been built of reality. As the AP put it, "Peoria has much day, June 6, we marked the 30th anni­ and maintained by the deeds of our past to be proud of." versary of the first election of Congress­ heroes. In this respect the great State of Nor are we finished with this activity. The man JOHN ROONEY of New York to the Pennsylvania has had and has many. Take Japanese Broadcasting corporation team is House of Representatives. It has been my for example your own Lieutenant Colonel due in town next. privilege to serve as a member of his Ap­ Murtha, United States Marine Corps Reserve, As all this activity makes us think on the propriations Subcommittee for some 14 who volunteered-no, insisted that he be al­ subject, we would suggest that somebody, years, where I could observe at close lowed to fight in South Vietnam with a Com­ sometime, talk to people who are not Peori­ range his unsurpassed legislative ability. bat regiment for a year-even though it ans but who know this part of the state. meant leaving his business of 18 years. And It is my conviction and belief that no For example, the opinion of Warren But­ person in this Government had a greater as another example, the 344th Medal of Honor ler of Washington, D.C. would be worth Winner accredited to Pennsylvania. checking. He has been involved with hun­ command of the matters within the On this Memorial Day weekend, we here dreds of cities-including Peoria-from his jurisdiction of his subcommittee than today, by our respect to the memory of the executive position in community develop­ Chairman RooNEY. I will say more on deeds of Sergeant Michiael Strank honor all ment with the U.S. department of housing this subject at a more appropriate time of our country's heroes that have fallen and and urban development. in ihe near future when the State, Jus­ by paying homage to Sergeant Strank's He has had experience with Peoria in ac­ tice, Commerce, Judiciary appropria­ mother-Mrs. Martha Strank-so honor the tion, and his comments here were probably tions bill for fiscal year 1975 is brought families of those heroes past. the best measure we've had in period. before the House for consideration. June 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18849' His concern that children be properly 1. The right to have dangerous substances FATHER PAUL BARTLEWSKI identified by labelling or posting in the work­ educated is reflected in tireless efforts place. HON. ELLA T. GRASSO which led to the construction of St. 2. The right to have safety a.nd health in­ Adalbert's school and of the convent for spections ma.de on the job. OF CONNECTICUT nuns teaching there. These important 3. The right to accompany inspectors when IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES additions to parish life have had a far­ they inspect your job. Tuesday, June 11, 1974 reaching effect on his parish and its 4. The right to have copies of inspection people. reports and complaints. Mrs. GRASSO. Mr. Speaker, on June Father Paul is perhaps best known to 5. The right to have records made and kept 16, Father Paul Bartlewski, a dear friend those outside his parish for his hard of your exposure to dangerous substances. and a loving man of God, will celebrate 6. The right of access to records of your worlc in the Polish community in Con­ exposure to dangerous substances. his golden anniversary in the priesthood. necticut. His affection for the cherished 7. The right to have HEW monitor danger­ This is an auspicious occasion, a splendid traditions and culture of his Polish heri­ ous substances on your job. milestone in the long and distinguished tage is evident. He is loved and respected 8. The right to have violations found by career of a holy and dedicated individual. in Polish circles in our State, and has HEW inspectors posted in the plant. Father Paul-as he is affectionately long been a source of great encourage­ 9. The right to have public transcripts called by a host of friends-has long made of advisory committee meetings. ment and fellowship for his fellow citi­ 10. The right to have extremely accurate served as a boundless source of inspira­ zens of Polish descent who are proud to records made of injuries and job-related dis­ tion for all those whose lives he has call him brother. eases. touched. His deep love of God and com­ Father Paul's service to the commu­ 11. The right to have the HEW secretary mitment to his fellowman are evident nity includes praiseworthy work on the set exposure levels for dangerous substances daily in diligent efforts to make life a State Commission on Human Rights and so that no worker suffers impaired health or beautiful experience for all. Opportunities, an important force in our diminished life expectancy. 12, The right to see published an annual Father Paul sang his first Mass in Fri­ State ensuring equality of opportunity list of toxic substances with safe exposure bourg, Switzerland in the summer of for all. He has performed admirably as criteria. 1924. Since that time the comforting and chaplain of the Veterans Council and the 13. The right to see published annually colorful melody of his life has been heard Health Planning Commission in Enfield. studies of the long-term effect of low-level and appreciated by thousands of people Clearly Father Paul's long and diligent exposures to industrial materials. throughout our State. He has provided efforts in the vineyards of the Lord have 14. The right to be protected in all ,rights counsel, advice and direction to many. earned him the respect and admiration under this law. Through his enthusiasm and active drive of all. A true servant of God, an active 16. The right to sue the federal government for what is right, he has shown the way participant in the activities of his com­ for an imminent danger cause. for countless people-young and old munity and his church, Father truly un­ 16. The right to know the health and safety alike, of every faith and creed. derstands what Christ meant when he gap each year. After serving as a curate at churches told his apostles to "teach ye all in Willimantic and Meriden, Father came nations." to what must be referred to as his work­ This Sunday Father Paul will be hon­ ing home on Earth-St. Adalbert parish ored at a concelebrated Mass presided at ELECTRONIC SURVEILLANCE in Enfield, Conn. He became pastor of St. by the Most Reverend John F. Whealon, Adalbert's in 1934-in the midst of the Archbishop of Hartford. I would like to great depression-and he retired several add my prayers and praise to the Arch­ HON. EDWARD I. KOCH bishop's holy chant, and to wish Father years ago after officially shepherding his OF NEW YORK :flock for 38 years. Retirement is in fact Paul continued fulfillment, joy, and hap­ a misnomer, for he has been busy with piness in fulfilling God's mission. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES civic assignments and hours of counsel­ Tuesday, June 11, 1974 ing to the troubled and the sad. Mr. KOCH. Mr. Speaker, I would like Upon arriving at St. Adalbert's, Father to append for the information of our col­ Paul set to work to revitalize the parish. LABOR STUDIES PROGRAM leagues material from the American Together with the parishioners, he la­ Civil Liberties Union entitled "A Re­ bored diligently to bring the church out port on the Costs and Benefits of Elec­ of heavy debt by organizing fund raising HON. CLARENCE D. LONG tronic Surveillance-1972" by Herman banquets and parties and keeping a sharp OP MARYLAND Schwartz, professor of law, State Uni­ banker's eye on the parish purse. One versity of New York at Buffalo. such fund raising affair-a special ban­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The material follows: quet at Thanksgiving time-is now an Tuesday, June 11, 1974 THE COSTS AND BENEFITS OF ELECTRONIC annual event. Mr. LONG of Maryland. Mr. Speaker, SURVEILLANCE-1972 Father Paul's efforts over the years in Dundalk Community College under the INTRODUCTION l organizing church groups such as the leadership of the Reverend Everett G. The Electronic Eavesdropping Act has now Holy Name Society and the CYO reflect Miller, Sr., has begun a labor studies pro­ been in operation some four and a half his firm belief that a parish needs to gram to focus on the rights of the work­ years. Hundreds of wiretaps and bugs have develop a sense of community-of shar­ been installed, numerous court cases have ingman. been decided, millions of dollars have been ing common goals and experiences. In­ One of the products of this study is a spent, but the controversy over the value and deed, to ·Father Paul, the people of St. simple statement of the rights of work­ dangers of electronic surveillance continues. Adalbert's were not merely his charges, ers under the Occupational Health and In 1968 Richard M. Nixon promised to re­ but were like members of his family. For Safety Act. This statement, being pro­ verse Ramsey Clark's policies and use wire­ many years Father has made it his duty vided to interested workers, is one more tapping to reduce crime-what kind of to visit each and every family in the way in which the labor studies program crime, and how that would. be done, was not parish every year. He has also performed and the college continue their very active made clear. Four years, much money, and many crimes later, electronic surveillance is countless acts of love and mercy in car­ involvement in community life and con­ still being touted by its supporters as, in ing for the spiritual and physical needs cerns. Frank Hogan's phrase, "the single most valu­ of the sick. The statement follows: able weapon in the fight against organized Certainly one of Father Paul's special YOUR BILL OF RIGHTS UNDER JOB SAFETY ACT crime." Wiretapping is given credit for major concerns grows out of his deep love for The Occupational Safety and Health Act of children. Living by the motto "there is 1970, which covers an estimated 36 million 1 This study was ma.de possible by a grant never a bad boy," he refuses to ever turn wage earners, spells out at least 16 "rights" from the Playboy Foundation. I should like away a · child in need, and for many he for American workers. to thank Ma.re Chodsow, who assisted in the actually becomes a second father. These "rights" are: statistical compilation and analysis. 18850 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 11, 1974 convictions in the drug area; Brooklyn Dis­ (c) the result.s so far in terms of convic­ 13.5 days per installation, a very high per­ trict Attorney Eugene Gold promises to break tions, arrests and incriminating conversa­ centage of the New York installations lasted the back of organized crime with his million tions. for man_y, many months. and a half feet on a Canarsie junk yard Throughout, information gleaned from 3. Although the states, (which means trailer. Nevertheless, grava reservations the many court decisions already handed largely New York and to a lesser extent, about electronic eavesdropping continue. down, will be referred to where relevant; rel­ New Jersey) originally used the technique One of the more useful features of the evant information used in the 1971 report largely for drugs and non-gambling offenses, rather pourous statut-e pushed through in will also be worked in. by 1971, the states had shifted to over­ the wake of Robert Kennedy's death in 1968 I. SUMMARY AND METHODOLOGY whelming concentration on gambling. De­ by Senator John L. McClellan and his spite the pleas of need for serious offenses, friends, is a _requirement that prosecutors A. Summary the federal usage concentrated on gambling and judges involved in authorizing court­ 1. Amount of Surveillance right from the start, and indeed increased order wiretapping and bugging make annual a. Court-Ordered: There is a vast amount that ~oncentration at the expenses of drugs reports on this surveillance which would .set of electronic surveillance of the American and others. The breakdowns are as follows: forth the type of surveillanee (telephone tap people, on both the federal and state levels. or microphone bug) , where and how long it A great deal of this is performed in the FEDERAL INSTALLATJONS was in operation, the crimes it was installed ruune of national security, and is completely for, the number of people and conversations uncontrolled. Much of this surveillance lasts Homi- Kidnap- overheard, how much it cost and the .results. for very long periods of time; on the state Gambling Drugs cidei ing Other These reports .are published every May by -the level, it is concentrated in just two states. Administrative Office of the United States 1969 __ -·-- 20 4 Courts. Four of these reports have been is­ The bulk of this wiretapping and bugging 1'970 ______I 5 is now used for gambling offenses, despite 120 39 0 21 sued so far. 1971______248 21 .0 12 J:n the Spring of 1971, Senator McClellan the original claims that it was necessary Total__ __ 388 64 announced he would hold hearings on the primarily for serious crimes like homicide, 38 reports and what they showed. These ha-ve kidnapping and espionage: in three years, not yet been held or even scheduled; as of there has been only one federal device in­ STATE INSTALLATIONS this writing {F-ebruary 1973); one can onl,y stalled for kidnapping and none for either guess at the reasons. homicide or espionage; gambling installa­ 1968 ______tions accounted for about .90 % of all the 18 68 .20 l 60 The reports ,have ne,v.ertheless, been avail­ 1969 ______78 80 19 1970 ______1 82 able, and though it is still too early to fully federal installations in 1971. 204 84 20 0 95 assess the results, certain conclusions have The .figures _are as follows: 197L ___ 304 104 18 1 84 become cle.a.r. Some of these were published Total __ 604 336 77 321 ln December 1971 in report prepared by this TOTALS- COMBINED FEDERAL AND STATE writer for the American Civil Liberties Union 1 Includes attempts, threats, solicitations and conspiracy to on the 1968-1970 statistics. The 1971 figures lnsta11a· Conversa· commit .homicide (including manslaughter) as wetl a a few oc­ became available in 1-972 and it seems worth­ Orders tions People tions casiona l instances of consummated murder. while to update that report, and also to add some statistical and other information that 1968 (6 mo) ______174 167 4, 250 62, 291 4. During the four year period, only 2 1969. ______applications were denied, (In 1969); there is has come to light since December 1971. Again, 1970 ______302 290 14, 656 186, 229 it may still be too ~arly for definitive con.: 597 590 25, 812 373, 763 also some independent evidence of judg-e­ 1971. ______816 clusions--the 1972 figures available in May 792 32, 509 496, 629 shopping. For this and other reasons, there 1973 will be particularly useful since they TataL ______1, 889 1, 839 77, 227 1, 118, 912 is reason to doubt that the court-ordered Will probably contain fairly complete results system is imposing meaningful controls, p_ar­ on the heavy federal tapping and bugg41,g in ticularly on the state level. 1970. But, as noted, certain conclusions are Federal b. National Security: Figures released by beginning to take shape. .In 1969-71, federal officials overheard 29,513 Senator Edward F. K-ennedy indicate that at The 1971 ACLU report opened with a dis­ people in 442,157 conversations over 491 in­ lea-st the following number of national secu­ claimer about the incompleteness of the re­ stallations, as follows: rity wiretaps and bugs were installed~ ported figures, which omitted the so-called 6-12/68: 56 (50 taps and 6 bugs). national security eavesdropping and the con­ 1969: 94 (81 taps and 13 bugs). lnstalla- Conversa- 1970: 113 (97 taps and 16 bugs). sent variety. Neither of these requires a court Orders tions People tions order, and thus neither is reported to the 1. On the basis of classified information Admlnlstra.tive Office. It was therefore neces­ provided the Senator. his staff has calculated sa.Tytoma.ke.an educated guess at the former, 1969 __ -----·---- 33 30 4, 256 41 , 929 that the average national security installa­ 1970 __ . ------_ 183 180 10, 158 143, 508 tions lasted from 78.3-209.7 days, or _about '6 with no inform.ation at all as to the latter. 1971-. __ ------285 281 15, 099 256, 720 'Dlose disclaimers are .still in order, par­ to 15 times the court-ordered variety of 13.5. ticularly as to the amount of electronic sur­ Total.. ______501 491 29, 513 442, 157 During 1969-71, the latter caught an average ~eillance involving agents wired !or sound. of 56 people and 900 conversations per in­ stallation lasting an average of 13.5 days. If As to these, all we have a.re informed guesses State that this is very widely practiced on both the the court-ordered averages are roughly com­ federal and state levels. In 1968-71, state officials overheard 47,714 parable to the national-security type-and people in 676,755 conver_sations over 1,348 in­ is Thanks to data obtained and published by there no reason to think otherwise-then the 100 national security surveillances an­ Senator Edward F. Kennedy, we now know stallations. The overwhelming bulk of this nually may well have been intercepted: from something about the national security sur­ was ln New York and New Jersey, with the veillance, however, and some of that will be major share in New York. To some extent, 31,000 to 84,000 people per year; from 546,~00 to 1,350,000 conversations per year. discussed here. In addition, there have been this is an estimate, but only to a -very minor extent. 2. Electronic surveillance for domestic se­ some crucial legal developments in this area curity purposes allegedly accounted for very And they will also be reviewed. little of the national security total since the This paper will consist of the following: lnstalla- Con versa- Department of Justice claims it found it nec­ Orders tions People tions (1) an introductory section containing a essary to shut off less than 10 devices as a summary of the various findings, .as well as 1968 ______result of the Supreme Court's decision ban­ certain methodological caveats and quali­ !74 167 4, 250 62, 291 ning such electronic surveillance without a 1969 ______269 260 10 , 400 fications; (2) a discussion of national secu­ 1970 ______144, 300 warrant. Thus, this vast amount of surveil­ 1971 ______414 410 15, 654 230, 255 rity surveillance; (3) a summary of the -531 511 17, 410 239, 909 lance is likely to continue. statistical data on court-authorized elec­ 3. This known surveillance may not be all Total______1,388 I, 348 47, 714 676, 755 tronic surveillance that is contained in the there is, since it does not include electronic annual reports from 1968-1971, broken down surveillance by the Army (which was re­ in·to; Comments vealed last summer) or possible surveillance (a) the scope and variety of electronic 1. These figures differ somewhat from the by the CIA and other agencies, or intercep­ surveillance, e.g., number of installations, ACLU 1971 Report because they are based tion of teletype messages. people and conversations overheard, len_gth on calculations derived from the reports of 4. According to Ramsey Clark, such sur­ of time of overhearing, and types of o1fenses the individual Installations and authoriza­ veillance rarely produces anything ol value. involved; tions, rather than from the overall averages He has testified that it all were shut o:ff, "the (b) the cost.s of such surveillance, both and summaries as in the 1971 Report. impact on our national security •• '" would totally and broken down by o1fenses; 2. Although the federal average was some be absolutely zero." June 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18851 2. Costs where most results are probably in, 55 out of effectiveness for organized crime, law en­ a. Court-Ordered Surveillance: The State 260 installations were associated with a con­ forcement authorities have sharply reduced figures .are approximations, but are fairly viction. As noted below, it is uncertain when their usage for every offense but gambling close since the state cost reporting ap­ and whether "associated with" involves a since 1968. proached but was not equal to 100 % . causal connection. 4. At least in one case a court has found that the federal government's reports of "in­ TOTAL COSTS PERSONS ARRESTED, BY OFFENSE criminating" conversations was oversts,ted many times. In any event ( 1) the definition Federal State Total Homio- Kid- and application of "incriminatory" is highly Gambling Drugs cide naping Other Total subjective, rarely testable, and often self­ servlng; (2) also, there is a good deal of 1968______$200, 000 $200, 000 1968 ____ evidence that very little effort to minimize 1969______440, 287 470, 000 910, 287 69 97 7 83 262 1969 ____ 302 86 41 2 218 645 non-"incriminatory" interceptions is made on 1970______2, 116, 266 938, 000 3, 054, 226 1970 ____ 1971.______2, 114, 216 1, 502, 340 3, 616, 556 930 228 19 ------152 1, 329 the state level, and not too much more on the 1971.. .. 1, 380 346 211 1, 964 ~~~~~~~~~--~~~~ 27 ------federal level. Total...... 4, 670, 769 3, 110, 340 7, 781, 069 Total.. 1, 681 757 93 664 4, 200 5. Few of the major industrial states, which could be expected to "need" this authority, have adopted it. Indeed, most state (and b. National Security: Using the same These arrests are probably fairly complete 6-15:1 time ratio of national security: court much federal) Wiretapping is in New York, ordered surveillance as earlier, and on the for 1968-1970. and New Jersey. California, Illinois, Pennsyl­ premise that most of the costs are manpower Incriminating Conversations, Based On vania, Ohio and other states with major costs which vary with time, one can roughly Prosecutors Reports: crime problems have not even bothered to estimate the costs of an average national In 1968, 22% were incriminating. give their police this authority; many states In 1969, 28% were incriminating. security installation as about 6-15 times the which have created such authority don't 1970, 30% $9,500 of the 1969-71 federal installations, or In were incriminating. bother using it. 1971, 53 % about $47,000-$142,500 per national security In were incriminating. 6. The,re ls no indication that the heavy installation. b. Federal: law-enforcement effort has substantially re­ Since there have been about 100 national PERSONS CONVICTED, BY OFFENSE duced the drug or gambling problems, or that security installations each year, a rough esti­ it ever can. Causality is particularly difficult mate of the· annual costs of national security to trace for the increase in electronic surveil­ Kidnap- lance has been accompanied by a very heavy surveillance is from $5.7 million to $14.3 mil­ Gambling Drugs ing Other Total lion annually. increase in men and money for all other law c. Comments: enforcement operations. 1969 ______1. These figures do not include the very 101 24 0 2 127 B. Some Methodological Notes substantial amount of judges' and lawyers' 1970 . ------123 99 ------10 232 1971 _ ------76 21 ------18 115 The figures for court-authorized surveil­ time necessary to prepare the court.ordered ~~~-~~~-~~~~~~~ Total.. ____ lance that are analyzed in this study are applications, and the lawyers' and FBI time 300 144 30 474 drawn from the Annual Reports issued by for the national security authorizations by the Administrative Office of the United States the Attorney General. In 1969, 12 of the 30 installations were Courts for the .Years 1968-71. These Reports 2. (a) There are inexplicable differences associated with a conviction.: 9/20 of the contain data relating only to court-author­ among the different types of offenses for gambling installations, 2/4 Drug, and 1 out ized surveillance; so-called national security which federal sur.veillance is used, partic­ of 5 Others. and one-party consent surveillance are not ularly between drugs on the one hand, and The only year for which figures seem rela­ done pursuant to court orders and therefore gambling and the other offenses on the tl vely complete is 1969. The overall reported are not included in the Annual Reports. other. Moreover, there are startling fluctua­ cost for this surveillance-omitting the Whatever information we have as to the na­ tions in costs from one year to the next for, unreported lawyers' and judges' time costs­ tional security surveillance and consent $61,825 e.g., the drug surveillance: from per was $440,287 or about $3,500 per person con­ eavesdropping ls from other sources. installation in 1969, to $26,035 in 1970 and victed, and $37,000 for each of the 12 installa­ The figures in the Annual Reports on $12,772 in 1971. The gambling average re­ tions with which convictions were associated. judicially authorized surveillance are broken mains relatively stable and relatively low, down into three sections: whereas the "Other" category drops steadily PERSONS ARRESTED, BY OFFENSE (1) Summary tables, which contain both from $9,212 in 1969 to $5,794 in 1971. summary figures and averages; for some rea­ (b) The state figures vary and fluctuate Gambling Drugs Kidnaping Other Total son, totals for certain categories such as total so greatly, that no pattern is even discern­ persons or conversations overheard, are not ible. Thus, the gambling average rises published, perhaps because the averages are 1969 ______217 80 354 slightly, but drugs, and other rises very 1970 ______57 ------based on less than the total number involved steeply, while Homicide jumps up and down 730 280 ------26 1, 036 1971. ------b76 116 ------25 817 since in several instances, the prosecutor or and kidnaping falls sharply. These fluctua­ court omitted the relevant information. The tions are so inexplicable that the only con­ Total.. 1, 623 453 131 2, 207 Tables are identified by numbers. clusion is that the reports are unreliable. (2) An Appendix containing individual 3. Results For 1969 and 1970, the figures are probably date for each installation, relating to identity Because it takes close to two years for close to complete. During this period, 92 out of judge and prosecutor, type of offense, type cases to be disposed of, at least on the fed­ of 140 gambling installations were associated and place of surveillance, length of surveil­ e,ral level, the figures for convictions are still with an arrest, 26 out of 43 drug installations, lance, number of persons and conversations incomplete, except perhaps for 1969 convic­ O out of 1 kidnap installation, and 13 out of overheard, costs and results; these appear in tions and the 1969-70 arrests; the incrimi­ 26 other, for a totar of 131 out of 210 total. the Appendix in Tables A (judge reports) and natory conversations are likely to be fairly Incriminating Conversations B (prosecutor reports). complete. So far, the results seem to be as (3) Follow-ups on surveillance of prior follows: The overall federal figures as reported are years, set out both in summary form and in­ a. State: quite high: 82 % in 1969, 70 % in 1970 and dividually (Table C) in the Appendix. 71 % in 1971. But the non-drug and non­ The 1971 ACLU report depended largely on PERSONS CONVICTED, BY OFFENSE gambling installations produce very few in­ the summary tables for its overall figures. crimlnating conversa tlons. The averages were multiplied by the total c. Comments: Homi- Kid- number of installations to obtain totals for Gambling Drugs cide I naping Other Total 1. There ls good reason to conclude that persons and conversations overheard, and the electronic survelllance was not necessary overall costs. For this report, an effort was to at least some of the convictions obtained; made to work directly from the individual 1968 ... ------___ __ --- ______- - -- 2 16 2 16 indeed, in some cases, courts and prosecutors 1969.... 33 32 3 0 99 167 application reports in Tables A and B (and C 1970 ____ 212 65 1 ------55 333 found or admitted as much. where follow-ups were concerned) in the 1971.... 117 55 8 ------30 210 2. The arrest figures are of little significance Appendix rather than from the summary fig­ to this issue. Not only are arrests subject to Total.. 362 152 12 200 726 ures in the numbered Tables at the begin­ manipulation, of which there is some evi­ ning of the reports. In a few cases, there were dence, but wiretaps and bugs may not be startling and inexplicable differences be­ I Includes all types of homicide-related offenses, including installed unless there already ls probable tween the averages and other figures in the attempts, threats, solicitation, conspiracy, manslaughter, etc. cause to arrest at least someone, and the May be the result of incomplete reporting. Administrative Office Report (hereafter re­ reported court cases confirm this. ferred to as "Admln. Off. Rep."), and the re­ So far, only 194 out of the 1,348 installa­ 3. Much of the federal wiretapping and sults from analyzing the individual installa­ tions have been directly associated with con­ bugging ls on small-time gamblers; Justice tion reports in the Appendix. These discrep­ victions; a small additional percentage may Department figures and reported cases so ancies will be noted and discussed where have been related thereto. For 1969, the year indicate. Despite claims of high value and relevant. 18852 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 11, 1974 It should be noted that because the re­ ects planned for areas upstream from is truer now than it was in 1935, as expan­ porting authorities often omitted to send Imperial Dam will benefit both the sions of coverage and related tax increases in important information as to persons or have come with dizzying rapidity, and as conversations overheard, or costs, the total United States and Mexico. Included in the latter group is the public reliance on the system has grown. figures given here are often estimates, ob· There are warning signs that the habit of tained by multiplying the average for those Crystal Geyser salinity control project revising the program in piecemeal fashion, installations that were submitted, by the on the Green River in Utah. Crystal Gey­ with more of an eye on election-year goodies total number of installations. Since full data ser is an abandoned oil test well. Saline than on actuarial realities and without any were in fact provided for almost all federal water erupts from the well approximately firm philosophy of what Social Security and most state installations, the estimate every 5 hours and contributes 3,000 tons should do and how, must give way to some seems reliable. hard-headed, long-term planning. Certain other methodological caveats may of salt to the Colorado River every year. The control plan involves a dike and Such planning has to take account of be worth noting at this time, though they the growing criticism of the flat payroll-tax will be specifically noted where they come pipelines which would prevent the entire financing of the Social Security funds, now up. The specific offense classifications are 3,000 tons from entering the river. The at a rate of 5.85 percent of wages up to geared to the classifications made by the estimated cost will be $500,000. $13,200 for both worker or employer, or Administrative Office; where there were Future salinity control projects in a maximum of $772.20 fo:· each. Even con­ doubts because more than one offense was Utah are envisioned for Ashley Creek, sidering inflation, that is a far cry from the indicated for an installation (as was often 1-percent rate and $30 maximum with which true for New York City authorizations) the Uintah Basin, Price River, San Rafael River, Dirty Devil River, and LaVerkin the program started, -and many taxpayers exact classification was obtained from the are unhappy about paying a Social Security Administrative Office which used a system Springs. However, these projects would levy exceed ing their federal income-tax bite. whereby a multiple-offense authorization have to be authorized by subsequent leg­ There are cries to scrap the "regressive" flat was classtlied according to the Office's judg­ islation. rate and finance benefits from general reve­ ment as to the most serious offense among Almost half of the State of Utah lies nues raised in a more progressive way, which those listed. ~ in the Colorado River drainage area. The would be '3. regrettable step blurring the dis­ Finally, the offe?IBes are divided into five tinction between Social Security and wel­ groups: Gambling, Drugs, Homicide, Kid­ waters of that great river and its tribu­ taries have a profound impact on the fare. But thought must be given to the ulti­ napping, Other. The first two are chosen mate limit of public tolerance for the pay­ because they .are the offenses for which elec­ economic well-being of Utah and the rest roll deduction, especially among younger tronic surveillance is most frequently used; of the basin States. Enactment of this workers facing many years of such p ayments Homicide and Kidnapping are the offenses foresighted legislation will enable those before retirement. for the solution of which such surveillance is who use the Colorado's waters to con­ Another complication, stressed by Socia l most frequently said to be necessary; all the tinue to reap the benefits of that use Security officials and detailed in a recent other offenses c.an be conveniently lumped without destroying the river's potential series of Star-News articles, is the projected together. "Homicide" includes every type of in the process. decline of the proportion of active workers homicide-related offense, such as solicita­ to retired persons. The change will be spec­ tion to commit homicide, attempt, conspir­ tacular early in the next century when the acy, threat and manslaughter as well as ac­ post-war bumper crop of babies reaches re­ tual murders, of which there are very few tirement age, their benefits to be provided by instances in the Reports. SOCIAL SECURITY QUESTIONS a work force slimmed with the nation's ap­ proach to zero population growth. If the numerous senior citizens use their politi­ HON. DONALD M. FRASER cal power to overburden their taxpaying COLORADO RIVER BASIN SALINITY juniors, it could produce some unfortu­ CONTROL ACT OF MINNESOTA nate social stresses. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES To complicate the planning for Social Se­ curity in coming decades, it must be dove­ Tuesday, June 11, 1974 tailed with other developing government HON. WAYNE OWENS programs--on private-pension reform, na­ OF UTAH Mr. FRASER. Mr. Speaker, according to a recent series in the Washington tional health insurance, welfare. From all IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES this effort on social legislation there might star-News, there is a ~'time bomb" facing emerge a consensus on the extent to which Tuesday, June 11, 1974 social security. government can and should protect every Mr. OWENS. Mr. Speaker, the Colo­ Beginning in 2010-less than 40 years last American from the rigors of poverty, a rado River Basin Salinity Control Act is from now-the babies born in the post task for which the present level of Social World War II boom will reach retire­ Security payments is plainly inadequate. necessary to accelerate the program of There is no doubt about the permanence salinity control in this basin. ment age. All of a sudden, the number of Social Security, which for millions o! The salinity and mineral content of of people living on pensions will have Americans is the one source of income they the Colorado River has been on the rise gone from 29 million to 45 million-an can count on in old age or in the event of during the last decade. Unless control increase of 55 percent. disability. The unplanned evolution of the measures are instituted now, the in­ The grim predictions of the system's program has been, in the main, more bene­ erease in salinity will become even worse critics may reflect elements of exaggera­ ficial than could have been hoped. It now tion and overextended trend lines, but needs a steady guiding hand, which must be in future years. Increased salinity levels provided by Congress, to navigate the dif­ have an adverse economic effect on agri­ they do represent increasing concern ficult course ahead. cultural, municipal, and commercial sec­ about social security and its role in tors, both in the United States and in American society. Mexico. High salinity levels reduce the An editorial in the Washington Star­ useful lifetime of water distribution fa­ News, June 9, 1974, indicates that a re­ 11500 BANANAS ON PIKE'S PEAK cilities and increase water treatment port by the trustees of the social security costs. Farmers using high salinity water system "points up the need for basic de­ for irrigation are faced with lower crop cisions affecting the long-term future of HON. CRAIG HOSMER yields, crop damage, and higher fertilizer the program." The editorial follows: OF CALIFORNIA costs. [From t he Washington Star-News, June 9, 1974] IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES This legislation will authorize the con­ Tuesday, June 11, 1974 struction, operation, and maintenance SOCIAL SECURITY Q UESTIONS of certain works in the Colorado River This year's report to Con gress by trustees Mr. HOSMER. Mr. Speaker, both sur­ of the Social Security syst em point s up the face coal mining regulation bills, H.R. Basin to control the salinity of water need for basic decisions affecting the long­ used both in the United States and term future of the program. Included is the 11500 and H.R. 12898, will effectively Mexico. most fundamental of all quest ions: the over­ mandate the reclamation of mined land. Salinity control projects are planned all purpose of the massive pa yroll taxes levied But only one of these bills, H.R. on working people and employers, channeled 12898, will also permit the needed for areas downstream from the Imperial into benefits for the aged and disabled. amount of coal to be dug to satisfy the Dam, which are of benefit only to Mexico It is hard to believe that, almost 40 years Nation's energy requirements. and will permit the United States to after its birth in the desperation of the na­ The other bill, the notorious R.R. meet its obligations under a 1973 water tion's struggle with depression, the goal of 11500, which people say makes about as quality agreement with that nation. Proj- Social Security is not clearly defined. But this much sense as trying to grow bananas on June 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18853 Pike's Peak, is so environmentally one sponsibility to help initiate a meaning­ more directly and more permanently than a sided that it would seriously abet the ful effort to achieve it. I urge my col­ unilateral, mass respect for one thing we leagues to listen to the pleas of the in­ can all hang on to together? energy deficit. This country has been built on spirit and nocent men, women, and children, who nothing is a more forceful reminder of that have seen their families and loved ones great American spirit than the flag under die, and who fear for their own lives as which so many have fought. On June 14, RESOLUTION ON NORTHERN well. Their voices are loud and clear and let's display the flag in our homes and at our ffiELAND deserve our most serious attention. business locations; just as importantly, let's all take a few moments out during the day and think about our country and ourselves HON. MARIO BIAGGI in relation to it. Let's mentally recognize the OF NEW YORK FLAG DAY importance of our symbolic flag of the United IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES States and quietly review our Pledge of Allegiance. Tuesday, June 11, 1974 HON. GILBERT GUDE When all the Watergates have been over­ Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, the tragic come and have been replaced by problems OF MARYLAND which might be much more pertinent, all of conditions which continue to prevail in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES us must display a distinct alliance and main­ Northern Ireland continue to represent tain a unification which can be stabilized one of this world's greatest living trag­ Tuesday, June 11, 1974 by using our Flag as something to hang on edies. Of particular significance has been Mr. GUDE. Mr. Speaker, a fine re­ to. What's wrong with a red, white and blue the ruthless deprivation of basic rights minder of the importance of Flag Day security blanket covered with the stately for the citizens of Northern Ireland by and the great symbolism of the American stars of our country? the British nation. flag appeared in the column of Charles A stark example came last week when C. Heaton in the Advertiser newspaper in a young man, imprisoned by the British, Montgomery County June 5. died after conducting a hunger strike to Each year, around Flag Day, I have CANCER CENTERS DESERVE FULL protest his inhumane treatment at the sponsored a ceremony on Capitol Hill SUPPORT IN FISCAL YEAR 1975 hands of his British captors. This tragic for area residents, as well as my col­ BUDGET event threatens to bring about renewed leagues and their staffs. This year's pro­ violence in Northern Ireland. gram will include a pageant produced HON. THADDEUS J. DULSKI As we view these tragic events, let us, by the Marine Barracks here. Flags of as the great advocate of the rights of various periods will be carried by Ma­ OF NEW YORK oppressed peoples, begin to champion the rine.s in the uniforms of these flags' pe­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES effort to have basic civil rights restored riods, accompanied by a narration and Tuesday, June 11, 1974 to the people of Northern Ireland. Re­ drum and bugle corps. Mr. DULSKI. Mr. Speaker, over my cently, the New York City Council unan­ The program will be Thursday, June imously passed a resolution calling upon years in Congress, I have come to ap­ 27, at 8 p.m. in the Caucus Room. preciate fully the tremendous medical the United Nations to: Flag Day, of course, is June 14, and advances which are being made in re­ First. Request the Government of Independence Day comes soon, so I com­ Great Britain to cease and desist its bar­ search hospitals, particularly in seeking mend to you Mr. Heaton's column on our a cure for the scourge of cancer. baric practice of force feeding Irish po­ "red, white, and blue security blanket": litical prisoners. Since 1898, the search for a cancer Second. Of keeping them confined in SOMETHING To HANG ON To cure has been conducted continuously institutions far removed from their Watching the same motion picture over and with considerable success at the and over again gets monotonous; repeats on Roswell Park Memorial Institute in my homes, contrary to recognized practices television manage to get monotonous; lis­ and rules of civilized society. home city of Buffalo, N.Y. This 15 the tening to the same old story can get monot­ world's oldest institution established to Third. To restore civil rights to its onous and going over the same old philoso­ minorities in northeast Ireland and par­ phies could become monotonous, unless those focus on cancer research. ticularly the writ of habeas corpus. philosophic words could be the basis for Roswell Park's credentials are well Fourth. To restore the right of its mi­ giving us something to hang on to. known to all in the medical profession. nority to be openly confronted by their One of the most important, yet seemingly It was one of the three centers initially accusers. least respected, days of the year comes designated as comprehensive by the Na­ Fifth. To restore trial by jury. around again on June 14 .•. that's Flag tional Cancer Institute. Day. Waiting impatiently for the arrival of Sixth. To inquire into the prison con­ July 4 and Labor Day and all the other days Within the next 2 weeks, the Com­ ditions in England and Northern Ire­ which mean a day off or a long week-end, is mittee on Appropriations is scheduled land and particularly the women's pris­ a happy traditional experience, but we should to act on the fiscal 1975 budget for the ons in both countries. exhibit the same enthusiasm in a less selfish, Department of Health, Education, and Seventh. To require the Government more restrained manner when Flag Day rolls Welfare. This includes funds for the of Great Britain to immediately release around. National Cancer Institute and in partic­ all political internees and prisoners At first glance, the flag is only a bright ular for the establishment and operation whether in Northern Ireland or Great piece of cloth, yet men and women would of cancer treatment centers. die for it, immigrants cry at the sight of Britain. it, and millions revere it as the symbol of In recent testimony before the Sub­ I comme~ the city council for the justice and freedom. To those who love committee on Appropriations for La­ adoption of this important resolution. I life and the opportunity to carve their own bor-Health, Education, and Welfare, feel it is time that we in the Congress destiny, it offers a. representative form of chaired by our colleague from Pennsyl­ acted upon an equally important reso­ government based on the dignity of the in­ vania (Mr. FLoon), impressive back­ lution which I introduced in January of dividual. The Washington Monument, the ground on these centers and the budget 1973, House Resolution 161, which White House, the Jefferson and Lincoln Me­ need was presented by Dr. Gerald P. morials are all recognizable in dedication to Murphy, Institute Director of Roswell states: leaders of our country or as material witness Resolved: That it is the sense of the House to the existence of our nation's Capital and Park. of Representatives of the United States of our governmental activities. I include Dr. Murphy's testimony as America that: "The Irish people ought to be Nothing substitutes for the symbolism of part of my remarks: permitted to exercise the right of national our flag. If there's one thing which says STATEMENT BY DR. GERALD P. MURPHY self-det~rmination thus returning the dis­ "That's us ... that's America ... that's Mr. Chairman, I am Dr. Gerald P. Murphy, puted six countries to the Irish Republic, something to !'espect a.nd to fight for," it's Institute Director at Roswell Park Memorial unless a. clear majority of all the people Old Glory . . . our Stars and Stripes. Per­ Institute at Buffalo, N.Y., one of the three of Ireland, in a free and open plebiscite, de­ sonal, individual, political and national scan­ centers initially designated as "comprehen­ termine to the contrary." dals may recur through our years of na­ sive" by the National Cancer Institute. I a.m tional growth, yet the strength, loyalty and a. member of the President's National Cancer Mr. Speaker, if peace ls ever to become determination of our people remains stoically Advisory Board as well as Chairman of the more than an elusive dream for the inside each of us. What represents our own National Cancer Institute's cancer Control people of Northern Ireland, it is our re- patriotism and fortitude more completely, Advisory Committee. Also, I am President- 18854 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 11, 1974 elect of t he American Cancer Society of New In the best cancer centers the rate is now million. Present budget construction esti­ York State. running about 70 % as a result of combined mates call for $22 million in cancer con­ In my testimony today, I wish to urge chemotherapy worked out particularly at struction money. more fiscal support for cancer cen ters and to cancer centers. To carry this further, in 1956, I believe that is only enough for about emphasize that the National Cancer Insti­ no children with acute lymphatic leukemia one third of what is needed for new compre­ tute and responsible cancer physicians and survived longer than 15 months. In a recent hensive centers and would leave nothing at scientists in the U.S.A. are in favor of the study from several cancer centers and cooper­ all for the quite important "community" est ablishment of additional centers. at ive groups studying nearly 2000 children and "specialized" centers as well as special­ In 1971 when the National Cancer Act was with acute lymphatic leukemia under com­ ized basic science facilities, many of which passed, a number of explorat ory, or planning, bined chemotherapy, it appears t oday that need updating, renovation, or laboratory grants were awarded to institut ions and re­ half the children will survive 5 years. space for new projects. gional groups to determine the advisability Of greater significance is the observation The Citizens' Budget requesting $77 mil­ of the establishment of a cancer center. that 17 % of such children have already sur­ lion (Table I) would call for such cancer Many of them, such as in your own com­ vived untreated, 5 years after the completion center projects to proceed which have been munity, are evaluating their need for a can­ of all their therapy. Not all such achieve­ awaiting space, and would put, I believe, the cer center. ments can admittedly be attributed to supe­ best care closer to cancer patients and their These review and planning efforts them­ rior treatment in cancer centers. However, in families. selves have already led to considerable bene­ the years since 1969 results have improved Mr. Chairman, implicit within the Na­ fit to the American public-for such assess­ generally, but not nearly to levels seen at tional Cancer Control Program is the urgent ments in many cases have critically defined some cancer centers. need to better educate the public and the both the needs for cancer patients as well as I do not believe that anyone in the medi­ medical profession. the methods and means of serving them and cal world doubts that many improvements KEEPING MEDICAL PERSONNEL INFORMED the public better. take place first in the cancer centers and then If one considers the current distribution spread out to the rest of the medical com­ The results of research and study in can­ of the 12 cancer centers in the United States, munity. cer prevention, detection, therapy, rehabili­ tation and continuing care must be commu­ one can realize that many Americans may be CHEMOTHERAPY FOR SOLID TUMORS far from such centers. The population in nicated in an appropriate form to the phy­ states near existing, designated, compre­ The cancer center influence that has dem­ sicians, nurses, and paramedical personnel hensive cancer centers is 86 million, or ap­ onstrated that chemotherapy was most suc­ who see and treat, at some point, some 90 % proximately 7.2 million persons on the aver­ cessful in acute lymphatic leukemia and ad­ of this country's cancer patients and as well age for each of the presently designated 12 vanced Hodgkin's disease must also be trans­ to the lay public who must play an active centers. lated to common solid tumors that are the role in preventing and detecting cancer. major cause of cancer mortality throughout Greater emphasis must be undertaken by MILLIONS WITHOUT ACCESS the United States and the world. Cancer Centers to reach the practicing However, taking 7.2 million persons as the Cancer centers are currently mapping over­ physicians who undertake the primary care average center's geographic service area, our all strategies for integrating chemotherapy of the cancer patients. These physicians deployment of these comprehensive units into combined modality approach for the pri­ therefore should not only be informed of the would still leave at least 117 million persons mary treatment of solid tumors. These types most up-to-date and effective techniques in in some states with no such opportunity for of combined modalities of treatment for in­ cancer prevention, detection and treatment, referral or benefit from such a center. Even creasing the cure rates in solid tumors, can .but they should also be motivated in turn to if we maintain the minimal coverage now best take place initially at cancer centers. educating their patients in methods of pre­ found in some fortunate states, the remain­ Once a defined and well evaluated thera­ vention and detection. ing 39 may well have a need for at least 16 peutic strategy for solid tumors is worked out The success of the cancer control program additional centers. This of course could mean at cancer centers, it will then permit de­ hinges on how well we outreach and as well that several sparsely populated states might livery to other components of the medical coordinate our efforts with other established be sharing one center in some sections of the community. However, more money is needed voluntary and federal health agencies. Can­ country. for this effort. cer centers a.re in some present aspects in In fiscal 1975 there are estimates that $107 The actual money now devoted by the Na­ the best position to outreach by sending out million will be spent on cancer centers. It tional Cancer Institute to clinical trials of teams to community hospitals and providing has been announced that six new compre­ experimental therapy particularly for solid consultative service to office based physicians hensive centers will be designated before the .tumors is very small. and by such centers establishing effective end of fiscal 1974, that is, in another six . For instance, the entire expenditures in use of established media, i.e., press, radio, weeks. We may still need another ten centers fiscal 1974 for clinical trial on head and neck television, films, brochures. just to achieve the population ratio which tumors are $3,890,000; on stomach tumors At Roswell Park Memorial Institute, we has been established in other parts of the $5,279,000; in the lung (one of the most are doing this but need to do it at a greater country in states where centers are now lo­ devastating solid tumors) $16,594,000; the level. We and other centers need funds to cated. colon-rectal tumors $9,334,000; and for one expand and enhance our programs in these This ratio, as mentioned, should not be of the areas where disease is rapidly increas­ directions. Therefore, I support the Citizens' considered ideal. For example, an additional ing in incidence, pancreas tumors, only $1,- Budget of $50 mill.ion for cancer control ten centers, if funded at the current minimal 866,000. . activities. I regard this as a minimal level, average level of existing centers would cost The total to be spent this year on clinical however, in consideration of the awesome about $80 million. Therefore, the $107 million trials which does not consider drug develop­ tasks for this newly mandated program. presently budgeted for cancer centers cov­ ment costs are currently about $15 million. My last point, Mr. Chairman, I feel is also ering all types, including comprehensive, This certainly should be doubled or increased. important. Whereas cancer centers and the community, and specialized centers would Mr. Chairman, such work is not a line item academic world at large are responsible for hardly accommodate such a burden. in the National Cancer Institute budget. I developing new knowledge and for training Clearly there is a need for an $80 million strongly suggest that you make it possible cancer specialists, we have seen funds, par­ addition, in my opinion. However, I am R.ware for the Institute to double this figure. ticularly for training, greatly curtailed. There that the Citizens' Budget, in the interest of Mr. Chairman, comprehensive cancer cen­ are recognized shortages of certain cancer moderation in a rapidly growing cancer pro­ ter core grants do not constitute by any specialists on all levels. gram, requests only an additional $15 million means the bulk of the money needed by cen­ The Citizens' Budget provides $26.5 million to make the total cancer research centers re­ ters. In my written testimony is a table for education and training. 'Yhis is a much quest for fiscal 1975 only $150 million. which shows that core grants to new com­ more reasonable amount than $14.2 million MOTIVATIONS VERSUS RESULTS prehensive centers ran about $7 .3 million currently estimated. We all realize that we l\ilr. Chairman, scientists are subject to the this year. This is less than a million per need all types of cancer specialists to effec­ same motivations as most other humans and newly designated center. tively implement the National Cancer Act. it would be natural for members of the Ap­ All the rest went into many other direct Mr. Chairman, thank you for allowing me propriations Committee to assume that part research grants or for contracts on projects to express my views. of our request for over $150 million for new that National Cancer Institute's programmed cancer centers could be motivated by a desire scientific work demanded. More funds are needed for these and other centers in my to work in excellent conditions and in large, opinion. HELP JIMMY CARNEY new expanding institutions. Mr. Chairman, I am sure that this Com­ However, I believe if we take a look at what mittee is aware that some additional con­ is happening to patients treated at cancer struction money for cancer centers is needed HON. LESTER L. WOLFF centers that the $150 million does not appear as well. to be an inflated request. For example, the The first 12 comprehensive cancer centers OF NEW YORK so-called "End Results" data from National were awarded construction grants averaging IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Cancer Institute epidemiological !'eviews for $4 million each. Of the 16 possible additional Tuesday, June 11, 1974 the years 1965 to 1969, show that only 12 to centers mentioned, if only 8 were designated 16% of adult patients with acute leukemia in fiscal 1975 the construction awards, ac­ Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, in Bayside, :were alive one year after diagnosis. cording to the old average, would be $35 Queens, within my Sixth Congressional June 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18855 District, there lives a young lad, Jimmy Carolina are among the first to be hit and to these colleagues, I would like to Carney, who is a victim of hemophilia, with these tax-due notices. I am told that express my thanks and the thanks of the dread blood ailment that causes the the IRS in my State is especially aggres­ those persons adversely affected by these afflicted to bleed profusely even from sive, and while this spirit is certainly tax-due notices for supporting this meas­ the most minute scratch. commendable, I would suggest that, in ure. Also, one Member has introduced an Jimmy, a normal boy in all other as­ this case, it is misdirected. identical bill. Additionally, we have: pects, who attends school and enjoys According to information my office has First. Obtained the backing on this many of the activities and pursuits of his received, the ms in North Carolina cop­ bill from five national organizations: peers has a good chance to outgrow the ied the records of the North Carolina The American Nurses Association, the acuteness of his ailment. But, he needs Department of Human Resources, from National Association of Student Finan­ time and he needs help now. which they obtained the names and ad­ cial Aid Administrators, the American On Saturday, June 29, 1974, the com­ dresses of loan recipients and thereby Association of Community and Junior munity of Bayside will rally to help this sent them the tax-due assessments. Colleges, the American Council on Edu­ unfortunate lad by conducting a drive Mr. Speaker, it is my view that these cation, and the Association of American for the blood so desperately needed to revenues were unanticipated by budget Medical Colleges, and from three groups keep Jimmy alive. The Blood Bank, to officials and constitute, in effect, a wind­ and agencies in North Carolina, includ­ be conducted by the American Red Cross, fall profit to the Government. ing the State's nurses association, the will be stationed at the Methodist The ms ruling was arbitrary and un­ physical therapy association and the de­ Church, 38-20 Bell Boulevard, Bayside, fair in that it hit persons with retroactive partment of community colleges. from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. in an effort to tax-due notices dating back 3 years, or Second. Written the Commissioner of realize sufficient lifegiving blood. as far as the statute of limitations will the Internal Revenue Service, urging that Mr. Speaker, I ask you and my col­ permit. Loans cancelled between 1954 this matter be corrected adminis­ leagues to join me in urging the partici­ and June 1973 were not considered tax­ tratively. pation of Bayside residents to once again able income and recipients were not re­ Mr. Speaker, although I take some de­ assure the success of this blood drive. quired to pay taxes on them. The fact gree of satisfaction that this bill bears Jimmy will always be grateful for their that a relatively large number of recip­ my name, such considerations are very generosity. ients were within the 3-year limit secondary to the problems confronting should not, in my opinion, make their the many young people who are struggl­ MORE THAN 60 MEMBERS loans any more taxable than the thou­ ing to cough up enough money to pay the COSPONSOR H.R. 14392 sands before them which were not. I feel IRS at the same time they are com­ that the administering agencies should pleting their education or are just be­ have time to learn that the loans they ginning their chosen careers. HON. IKE F. ANDREWS are contracting now are taxable and so The Congress will not need to enact my OF NORTH CAROLINA be able to inform the applicants. bill if the IRS acts to correct this situa­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES These persons are being or have been tion administratively, and that would be trained in health profesions and as fine with me. Tuesday, June 11, 1974 teachers, and the forgiveness provision in However, if the IRS does not so act as I Mr. ANDREWS of North Carolina. Mr. their educational loans means that re­ have requested it to do, I will continue to Speaker, this morning a young woman payment may be forgiven through serv­ enlist support for this measure among my from Greensboro, N.C., telephoned my ice in inner-city, rural and other areas colleagues and among the many educa­ Washington office. She was in tears. experiencing a shortage of teachers and tional and health organizations across A teacher, she had just received one health professionals trained in critically the Nation. of those tax-due notices which are be­ needed specialties. coming infamous in my State. Among those affected are students and THE ETHICS OF WASHINGTON, The Internal Revenue Service had, graduates in nursing, medicine, teach­ D.C. very abruptly and without warning, ing, dentistry, pharmacy, medical tech­ dunned her $418, which the ms claims nology, physical therapy, optometry, and she owes in back taxes because the loan other critical professions. HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL she obtained contained the forgiveness According to the infonnation my office OF ll.LINOIS provision for repayment, and the ms has received, neither the students nor the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES is now maintaining that such loans rep­ administering agencies had any idea that resent taxable income. educational loans with the forgiveness Tuesday, June 11, 1974 This young woman is to be married provision were subject to being con­ Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, the other later this month, and so this retroactive sidered taxable income. day the Peoria Journal-Star took an tax-due notice represents a really severe There may be some merit in treating editorial look at ethics and morality in :financial setback to her. all educational loans, regardless of the Washington, D.C., and came up with She is not alone. In recent months, a repayment provisions, as taxable income. some conclusions that I would like to large number of students and former However, that is an issue separate and share with my colleagues in the Con­ students in North Carolina who are re­ apart from the one of permitting the gress. The article speaks for itself: cipients of educational loans with the IRS to surprise several hundred thous­ THE ETHICS OF WASHINGTON, D.C. forgiveness provision have likewise been and persons with retroactive tax-due (By C. L. Dancey) shocked to receive these notices. notices. If there ls anyplace where we need a new My office has been advised today by What is at issue is the retroactivity morality and new and higher ethical stand­ Ms. Jan Proctor, administrator, educa­ and on April 25, I introduced a bill, H.R. ards it is Washington, D.C. tional loan program, North Carolina De­ 14392, which, if enacted, will eliminate But I confess that I continue to find no partment of Human Resources, that the necessity of paying these retroactive evidence of such a higher standard in the these assessments have ranged from $200 taxes and will enable those who have al­ mere act of breast beating or moralizing that too often goes on these days. Moralizing to $1,-000 per year. ready paid their taxes to file for a refund. and morality are two different things, These tax-due notices were sent out My bill was referred to the House Com­ altogether. following an ms ruling that appeared, mittee on Ways and Means, and my dis­ The lawyers engage in statements fully as little-noticed, in the Federal Register in tinguished colleague, the Honorable WIL­ prejudicial as the politicians although Mr. June of last year, and that ruling main­ BUR MILLS, chairman of that committee, Archibald Cox, for one, precedes his damning tained that these particular educational has advised me that his staff has already remarks with such phrases as "there ls a loans amounted to taxable income. requested departmental reports on this possible inference" and Mr. Jenner, of the Among these are .the national defense bill. House judiciary committee legal stair, per­ forms in a similar manner, saying, "It is student loans, national direct student In addition, members of my staff and I reasonable to assume.... " loans, the health professions loans, State in the past several weeks have continued This is, indeed, a new moral and ethical teaching loans, State medical education our efforts to enlist additional support for standard. What can people, for example, pos­ loans and the law enforcement educa­ this legislation. sibly infer from the circumstances of Chappa­ tional loans. Today, I am pleased to reintroduce quiddick, 1f such is a moral and decent ap­ Apparently, young people in North H.R. 14392 with more than 60 cosponsors, proach to such events? What can one rea- 18856 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 11, 1974 sonably assume from the sums laid out to PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES opium from the Turkish fields occurred in members of the House committee by the DENY INVOLVEMENT IN TURKISH the past. We recognize that this was the basis milk fund if such methods are equally ap­ OPIUM POLICY for the decision of the United States to enter plicable to Congressmen and Presidents? into an agreement with Turkey pursuant to The lawyers are, at least, precise. which that country ceased production. This They label their assumptions and infer­ HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL being the United States' policy, Mallinckrodt ences as assumptions and inferences. The OF NEW YORK never has sought, or in any way encouraged, politicians do not. Neither do too m any com­ any abrogation of that agreement, and would mentators. And, apparently, nobody asks IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES not be party to any conduct intended to whether the path of assumpt ions and infer­ Tuesday, June 11, 1974 undercut that policy. In short, we state ences is either moral or just, itself, much categorically that under no circumstances, less due process. Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, there have and at no time, will Mallinckrodt seek or Some wonder why so many incumbents of been reports alleging involvement of the agree to purchase or to import any crude both parties are in trouble, and why Congress three pharmaceutical companies li­ opium from Turkey unless the explicit ap­ polls so low in public esteem. censed to import opium with encourag­ proval of the United States Government is The people of this land have been trained ing the Turkish Government to termi­ secured. As you know, the U.S. Govern­ for the past year in the fine art of making ment's regulatory system requires importers assumptions and inferences based on expect­ nate t'.heir ban on the growing of opium of opium to obtain a permit for each ship­ ing the worst. People in Washington may do poppies. ment from the Drug Enforcement Adminis­ it selectively-to others but not to them­ As the demand for codeine rises-95 tration, and this provides a mechanism selves. The people apply the same method percent of the opium imported to the whereby Mallinckrodt's commitment can be to all! United States is used for codeine and monitored effectively. other medicinal purposes-in this coun­ We are disturbed by reports in the press try, there has been a persistent argu­ and from :Mrs. McGrew that you and certain COMMEMORATION OF ANNEXATION ment by the pharmaceutical companies other Federal officials believe that insuffi­ OF LITHUANIA cient information about the opium supply of a shortage of opium to meet the de­ situation is being provided to the Govern­ mand. Unfortunately, all of the data and ment by the pharmaceutical manufacturers. HON. FRED B. ROONEY information utilized to determine de­ Mallinckrodt submits detailed reports to the OF PENNSYLVANIA mand is supplied by the pharmaceutical DEA on a quarterly basis concerning the companies. In order to provide addi­ Company's manufacture and sales of con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tional input on the medicinal demand, I trolled substances. From time to time during Tuesday, June 11, 1974 have requested the General Accounting the past year, we provided additional sup­ plemenetary information to the DEA re­ Mr. ROONEY of Pennsylvania. Mr. Office to determine the present and pro-. garding the Company's inventories of nar­ Speaker, June 15 sadly marks the 34th jected demand for the next 5 years. cotics. Mallinckrodt will in the future con­ annual commemoration of the forcible Two of the three licensed pharmaceu­ tinue to furnish all required data to the annexation of the Baltic Nation of Lith­ tical companies, Mallinckrodt Chemical DEA and to offer to the agency such supple­ uania by the Soviet Union in 1940. Works and S. B. Penick & Co. have sent mentary information as seems necessary and We have a responsibility not to forget me their response to the reports alleging pertinent. their involvement in influencing the We note in the Congressional Record of this violation of human liberty and not May 9 that you and Senator Mondale have to forget the courageous struggle by Turkish Government to terminate the expressed concern about the possibility of Lithuanians to free themselves of foreign opiu:qi poppies ban. I insert the responses the opium poppy being cultivated in the domination. This is a struggle which is of these companies for the information United States. Mallinckrodt currently bas close to the hearts of all Americans for of my colleagues in the RECORD, as fol­ little interest in such a project because we it is similar, in a way, to our fight near1Y lows: believe that opium cannot be produced eco­ 200 years ago. MALLINCKRODT CHEMICAL WORKS, nomically in the United States. St. Louis, Mo., May 15, 1974. As Mrs. McGrew has reported to you, Mal­ At the present time, the people of linckrodt is experimenting with growing Lithuania are denied the right of na­ Hon. CHARLES B. RANGEL, U.S. House of Representatives, Cannon House Papaver bracteatum, a different species of tional self-determination, suffer contin­ Office Building, Washington, D.C. poppy, which contains no morphine or co­ ual religious and political persecution, DEAR MR. RANGEL: This letter is prompted deine, but does contain thebaine, a sub­ and are denied their basic human rights. by recent newspaper stories concerning the stance that is chemically convertible to co­ In addition to this, people who wish to current opium shortage in the United States deine. Thebaine is a toxic substance and visit their relatives still living in· Lith­ and by reports from our Washington attor­ could not be used as such to support addic­ uania are severely restricted from doing ney, Mrs. Jane L. McGrew, regarding discus­ tion. It is so difficult to convert thebaine so, and Lithuanians wishing to emi­ sions that you have held with her on the to morphine or heroin that we believe there opium supply situation. Mrs. McGrew tells is no risk of clandestine traffic in thebaine. grate are denied this right which has be­ us that you have expressed an interest in the I hope that the information provided above come part of customary international Mallinckrodt policies governing our activi­ answers your questions regarding Mallin­ law. ties as an opium processor, and I would like ckrodt's opium processing activities. If addi­ This is an era in which the Soviet to state them for your consideration: tional questions should arise, please let me Union and the United States seek de­ As a registered importer and processor of hear from you. tente, and detente seems to be the best opium, Mallinckrodt has an obvious interest Sincerely, means of achieving peace in the world. and responsibility in assuring an adequate STANLEY H. ANONSEN. However, the United States' search for supply of opium to meet the legitimate de­ mand for its medicinal derivatives. This ii; - S. B. PENICK & Co., a means to establish world peace is terest necessarily entails a concern as we ll New York, N.Y., June 4, 1974. equal1Y as strong as our commitment to for the problems of the diversion of suc.tl Hon. CHARLES B. RANGEL, freedom and to people struggling against supplies, at any stage, into illicit drug traffic U.S. House of Representatives, oppression. For this reason, I would urge in this country and elsewhere. Although Cannon House Office Building, that the official U.S. position at the cur­ there has never been any problem of diver­ Washington, D.C. rent European Security Conference sion of such supplies, at any stage, into the DEAR MR. RANGEL: The depth of your con­ should be one of not recognizing the an­ illicit drug traffic in this country and else­ cern for the problems of heroin addiction nexation of Estonia, Latvia, and Lith­ where. Although there has never been any has become increasingly apparent to us at problem of diversion of opium from the li­ S. B. Penick & Company in the past few uania by the Soviet Union. censed manufacturers to the illicit traffic, months. As a registered importer and proces­ Recognition of the annexation would we at Mallinckrodt recognize that our inter­ sor of opium, this company is necessarily greatly dishearten these brave people est in broader issues relating to drug control concerned as well about the problems created and would add strength to the argument requires more than merely keeping our own by the diversion of licit opium from the that this is strictly an "internal matter" house in order. Our policy has been, and legitimate market into illicit traffic. The of the Soviet Union. is, to observe and support those measures focus of our mutual concern is currently on I join with Lithuanian-Americans and adopted by our Government to eliminate the Turkey as it weighs the possibility of re­ serious problem of illicit drug use in this suming the production of opium. In this Lithuanians throughout the free world country. context, we feel it is important for us to in remembering the events of June 15, In particular, I refer to the situation in assure you that it is our policy to abide by 1940, and hope for the continuation of Turkey and the possibility that that country all measures supported by our Government our current policy toward Lithuania and may resume cultivation of the opium poppy. with the objective of curbing the terribl~ all of the Baltic nations. We have read and heard that diversion of problems of drug abuse in this country. June 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18857 In particular, we wish to clarify the fact As a direct result of that· meeting, the simply sink into the quagmire of numer­ that Penick has never offered any encourage­ use of these words by the FBI was ended. ous other ineffective Federal aid pro­ ment to Turkey to re-enter the world opium The Italo-American community and I grams that have not met the needs of market. Nor will it do so. We are cognizant of the problems created in the past by di­ were and continue to be deeply grate­ recipients. version of opium from the legitimate Turk­ ful that Congressman ROONEY took ish fields and are aware that this was the this personal and strong interest in this basis for the United States agreement with problem. STEWART ALSOP-AN EXAMPLE OF Turkey whereby that country abandoned the Much more can and will be said about THE COURAGE OF MAN production of opium. In view of this history, JOHN ROONEY iL the coming mon tbs by we assure you that Penick has no intention those of us who were fortunate enough of acting contrary to the policies of the to serve with him in the House. All I can HON. CHARLES W. WHALEN, JR. United States Government as they apply to add is that I am proud to have worked OF OHIO the possible future availability of Turkish IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES opium. The system of import permits which with JOHN ROONEY and am especially . is administered by the Drug Enforcement honored to call him .J. friend. Tuesday, June 11, 1974 Administration provides further assurance Mr. Speaker, this beloved body is losing to you that this commitment by Penick will one of her finest members, ir. JOHN Mr. WHALEN. Mr. Speaker, we all were be honored. ROONEY, a man whose retirement rep­ saddened to learn of the passing of Finally, in consideration of your recent resent the end of an era. The people of Stewart Alsop, the noted columnist and statements relating to the nature of the on­ Brooklyn are losing one of their most writer. going opium shortage and the demand for e:~emplary public servants. I extend to He faced death squarely, eyeball to eye­ legitimate opium derivatives, we invite you ball, wrote a book about what it was like to scrutinize the inventory and manufactur­ JOHN Roo:~EY the fervent hope that his ing reports which we and all other manufac­ retirement will be spent in good health and then, as we all ultimately will, de­ turers supply on a quarterly basis to the and happiness. parted this world. A truly civilized man, Drug Enforcement Administration. Mr. Alsop was a superbly articulate com­ Sincerely yours, mentator whose prose and observations JAMES J. VERDE, will be missed. Vice President, Chemical Group. H.R. 14753 Jim Fain, editor of the Dayton Daily News and a columnist himself, expressed HON. LINDY BOGGS it very well in a signed piece which ran TRIBUTE TO HON. JOHN J. ROONEY OF LOUISIANA in his newspaper on May 30, 1974. For UPON HIS RETffiEMENT FROM the edification of the readers of these HOUSE AFTER 30 YEARS OF DIS­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pages, Mr. Speaker, I insert Mr. Fain's TINGUISHED SERVICE TO THE Tuesday, June 11, 1974 column at this point in the RECORD: PEOPLE OF BROOKLYN, N.Y. Mrs. BOGGS. Mr. Speaker, I would STEWART ALSOP-AN EXAMPLE OF THE like to call to the attention of my col­ COURAGE OF MAN leagues legislation recently introduced Stewart Alsop was a gallant man, possessed HON. MARIO BIAGGI of a full measure of the quiet, unostentatious OF NEW YORK by Congresswoman ABZUG, H.R. 14753, which would provide cost-of-living in­ courage Ernest Hemingway defined as "grace IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES creases for the Federal supplemental se­ under pressure." Tuesday, June 11, 1974 Like many of his generation, Stew Alsop curity income (SSD program. Her re­ was deeply troubled by Hitler's conquest of Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, i·: is indeed marks explaining the thrust of the legis­ Europe in the Nazi blitzkriegs, first through my distinct honor and privilege to pay lation can be found in the CONGRESSIONAL Poland and later across France and the low tribute to one of our most distinguished RECORD of May 14, 1974. countries. Unlike most, he did something colleagues, JOHN ROONEY, who has an­ The major maintenance of effort about it. nounced his intention tv retire at the end provisions in her bill guarantee that the He was among the handful who volun­ of this session. SSI recipient will receive a cost-of-living teered to fight with the English. He Joined The people of the 14th Congressional increase in his SSI payment when there the British King's Royal Rifle Corps and was is a similar increase in social security promoted to captain before being transferred District in Brooklyn, N.Y., have been to the U.S. Army in 1944. ably and effectively represented by JOHN benefits, and also guarantees that those SSI recipients who receive social se­ Alsop served in the Office of Strategic RooNEY for 30 years. These people have Services, warning forerunner of the CIA, and been represented by a ir.ar. who has the curity awards will not be denied any parachuted behind German lines in France nnique distinction of being able to trace cost-of-living increases in either SSI or soon after D-Day. He fought with the French his family roots in Brooklyn as far back social security payments. resistance. as 100 years. They are served by a man In addition, it allows the readjustment Those actions were typical of Stewart Alsop. whose love and service to his constituents of the State adjusted payment levels to Where others postured, he acted. He expressed make him one .>f Brooklyn's 1:1ost re­ reflect increases in State public assist· his convictions in deeds as well as words. If spected Members of Congress. ance programs between January 1972 these required putting his life on the line, Besides being respected and =',dmired and December 31, 1973, and finally, pro­ so be it. by his constituents, he is eqt:.ally re­ vides a cost of living increase in the As a person, Stew was warm and human, cash bonus value of food stamps in States much different from his patrician brother spected by his colleagues in the House. Joe, who is the nearest thing to a mandarin He will be best remembered for his work which have opted to "cash out." States this side of Hong Kong. Beside Joe, even as chairman of the Subcommittee on which have opted to give their SSI re­ Henry Cabot Lodge could be mistaken for State, Justice, and Commerce. In this cipients food stamps rather than cash the great commoner. prestigious position, he wielded great payments may continue to do so. After World War II, the brothers began power in the Congress, but always ex­ I cannot stress enough the importance writing a column together, a venture that ercised it with ::rudence and the sonnd­ of this legislation. The aged, blind, and was lively but, given the personalities of the est of judg:nent. disabled citizens of our country are be­ two, not destined to live. After a while, they parted, amicably, they both said in any JOHN RooNEY was particularly helpful ing ngelected in this time of rampant event, they remained close. During Stew­ to those of us who served with him as a inflation, and it is our duty to come to art's three-year bout with an obscure form Member of the New York congressional their assistance. Soaring living costs hit of lukemia, Joe always was on hand to give delegation. I remember fondly of an in­ hardest at the bottom of the economic blood for transfusions. stance in 1970 when Congressman ladder, and nnless we take measures to Stewart was never the rigid hard-liner for RooNEY, demonstrating his great con­ alleviate this situation, it will only be­ the military, and for whatever was current cerr.. for the elimination of ethnic stereo­ come more serious. U.S. diplomacy, that Joe became. Still, like typing in this Nation, joined me in a Therefore, I urge your support of this most of us who grew up in the Munich era, he never bought the idea, either, that we meeting with the late Director of the vital legislation in order to correct the could make peace with Soviet Russia simply FBI J. Edgar Hoover. In this meeting inequities and injustices now being suf­ by trusting the Kremlin or by buying out we discussed the Agency's use of the word fered by SSI recipients. Unless the pro­ ths- USSR's expansionist ambitions. Mafia and Cosa Nostra to describe or­ gram is bolstered with these essential Stewart himself explained in 1971 that ganized crime. cost-of-living increase clauses, it will ''Joe's and my mindsets are very much alike, 18858 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 11, 1974

except that from the start I was dubious THE ENERGY CHALLENGE about the Vietnam war. where Joe wasn't. Foreign U.S. The disappearance of surplus quantities (non­ percent But once we made the decision, I, too, felt of cheap oil and ga.s is the result of two com- of we could not just sneak out." trends, each accentuating the impact of the U.S. munist) total I have no idea how a mathematician other: · would figure the odds on Stewart Alsop's 1. Rapid population growth. Wells drilled ______165, OOC 46, 700 78 ending up sharing a room at the National Annual capital expenditures Institutes of Health with a m a n who lived 2. Declining success in finding large new (billion dollars)______6. 8 6. 0 53 on one of the Marshall Islands affected by reserves of low-cost oil and gas. Increased (decreased) pro- duction Ccipacity (million fallout from a U.S. hydrogen bomb test in POPULATION 8/0) ______. (1. 7) 1954. The man, a year old when the bomb 13. 1 ------During the 20-year period, 1950-1970, the (Percent)______(16. O) 55 ------was tested, was now dying a slow death. world's population grew at an unprecedented Stewart put it all down in a book. "Stay rate, adding 1.2 billion people for a 50% in­ of Execution," in which his reporter's mind Despite the huge capital expenditures and crease. From 1970 to 1990, another estimated large number of wells drilled in the U.S. over recorded in clinical and moving detail what 1.8 billion people will be added. In 35 years, it was like to be under sentence of death the past five years, as compared to the rest the world's population will have doubled. of the world, U.S. production, and reserves, with cancer and how the treatment, symp­ This growth, coupled with increased living toms and emotions affected the person un­ have declined. In fact, U.S. production de­ standards, has dramatically increased the de­ clined from 33 % of the world's oil in 1968 der the condemnation. mand for all raw materials, including food It was a pleasure to know Stewart Alsop, to only 20 % today, even though today the and energy. U.S. has 87 % of the world's operating oil and a man who combined most of the qualities In the United States, even assuming new I admire. He had a sophisticated sense of gas wells (504,000). whereas the rest of the births will remain at the replacement level non-Communist world produces 80% of the humor, and, with it, the ability to laugh of 2.1 per family, the population will increase at himself. He did what he could to make oil with 15 % of the wells (72,000). Obviously, from today's 212 million to about 235 milliol} U.S. wells are low in volume and high in cost. the :world a more liveable place. by 1985. The age group undergoing the most rapid increase will be 20 to 49 year olds U.S. ENERGY OPTIONS who will increase by 18.7 million individuals, The U.S. has three energy supply options: or an increase of 23 % . Thus, numerically, al­ 1. Limit imports, moderate growth in do­ THE ENERGY CHALLENGE most all of the population increase will be mestic energy supplies. This is unacceptable. in the age group which will form new house­ It would result in lowered living standards holds, and will require new jobs. In excess and increasing unemployment. HON. BILL ARCHER of one million new jobs per year will have to 2. Increasing imports, moderate growth in OF TEXAS be established. This can be achieved if the domestic energy supplies. This is dangerous. economy grows steadily and appreciably. In­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES It would put the U.S. economy, employment creasing capital investment and increasing and security at the mercy of a few oil ex­ Tuesday, June 11, 1974 energy consumption are mandatory in pro­ porting nations. It would also be highly in­ viding for the additional jobs, even with no flationary. Last year's import volumes at this Mr. ARCHER. Mr. Speaker, as a result further increase in the standard of living. To of the recent shortage of petroleum and year's prices will add $16 billion to our out­ increase the standard of living in uninflated flow of funds. This is equal to the nation's petroleum products, occasioned by the dollars will require further capital invest­ total monetary reserves and 20 % of the total Arab oil embargo, there have been ex­ ments and increased energy use. exports. Further devaluation of the dollar tensive discussions and debate in govern­ OIL AND GAS SUPPLIES would be of little help, since foreign oil prices mental circles, in the press, and by the Non-Communist world oil consumption are increased automatically to offset such general public with regard to the problem grew from 8.8 to 39.5 million B/ D from 1950 devaluation. this Nation faces in satisfying its ever in­ to 1970, or 30.7 million B/D. Today, non­ 3. Maximum growth in domestic energy creasing needs for energy for the imme­ Communist world production is 46 million supplies, moderate import volumes. This is diate period and for the longer term. B/D. At today's per-capita consumption, 63 the~only viable alternative. It is well recognized that the energy million B/ D of oil will be needed by 1985 CONSERVATION just to provide for population growth. Each of the above options assumes, and requirements of our Nation and of the It is estimated that by 1985 the non-Com­ It will require, extensive and continuing con­ world will continue to increase. is also munist world could produce 90 million B/D, servation in the use of energy. From 1960 recognized that reserves of petroleum given no restrictions on exploration and pro­ through 1973, U.S. energy use grew at a rate and natural gas are limited and that duction. However,. if Saudi Arabia alone of·4.2% per year. Should this rate continue, there will eventually come a day when limits its production growth to 5 % per even with maximum development of do­ oil and gas will have to be replaced as the year, and all other areas produce at projected mestic energy supplies, the cost of oil im­ primary sources of energy. capacity, production will be: ports in 1985 would be $36 million-at to­ Because of the importance of energy day's prices. By limiting growtµ to 3.3 % per to America's security and to our citizens' Production, million barrels year, and with maximum development of per day domestic supplies. 1985 could be held to $11 economic opportunity, I would like to billion at today's prices-an amount 15% commend to the Members of this body 1974 1985 greater than the 1973 import bill. This lower for their thoughtful consideration a pa­ growth rate is essential-and some imports per entitled "The Energy Challenge." United States______9 11 will be required indefinitely. Other Western Hemisphere_.______7 9 In this commentary it is pointed out, North Sea______4 INCREASED DOMESTIC ENERGY PRODUCTION that between now and 1990 the world's Africa______6 11 To achieve the 3.3 % energy growth, and population will have doubled and that by Far East______2 5 Saudi Arabia______8 14 maintain imports at reasonable levels, will 1985 the population in the United States Other Middle EasL------·- 14 26 require that by 1985 all of the following be will be 235 million, up from today's popu­ accomplished (NPC, Case II) : lation of 212 million. Increased capital TotaL ____ ------·------46 80 [In percent] investment and energy consumption will Domestic crude oil production increase over Consumption at 80 million B/D would pro­ be necessary to provide the additional 1970 ------23 jobs required, both domestically and on vide an annual average increase in per Domestic natural gas production in­ a worldwide basis, to satisfy the popula­ capita energy consumption of only 2.2% per crease over 1970______19 tion growth. For example, the report year. It should be noted that only Saudi Domestic coal production increase over points out that to achieve adequate do­ Arabia has the potential to increase produc­ 1970 ------92 tion further; it currently has 1/4th of the 100,000 B / D shale oil plants______4 mestic energy production by 1985, the oil 50,000 B/D oil-from-coal plants______16 to non-Communist world's proven reserves, ~ industry will have spend $26 billion second only to the U.S. in current production 250 MMSCF/D gas-from-coal plants____ 16 per year in 1974 dollars. The ability to capacity, and accounts for 55% of the in­ New I-million KW geothermal plants___ 9 raise this amount of capital will not be creased production capacity through 1985. Additional I-million KW nuclear possible if industry cash flow and profit­ For the U.S. to increase production by plants ------360 ability are restricted through continuing 2 million B/D through 1985 will require a To accomplish the above will involve prob­ crude oil and gas price controls, increased tremendous effort-exceeding the expected ably the largest industrial program in the taxes, or other economic disincenti'~es. volume of North Slope oil due to the declin­ history of the world. In today's dollars the Mr. Speaker, I include at this pomt in ing production in existing wells. This ls new plant investment alone is estimated to the RECORD the paper entitled "The emphasized by the following data for the cost over $600 billion, with an additional $100 Energy Challenge": 5-year period 1968-1973. b1llion needed for working capital. This sum June 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18859 dwarfs the $26 billion dollar cost of the en­ should be accelerated. A strong but realistic NOMINATION OF MR. JESSE HOLLIE tire Apollo Project, or the $60 billion dollar strip mining bill should be passed. Environ­ FOR THE OUTSTANDING HANDI­ cost of the Manhattan-A.E.C. programs from mental impact statements and environmen­ their inception to date. tal standards for offshore drilling and ports CAPPED POSTAL EMPLOYEE OF Such a vast program can only be accom­ and related onshore fac1lities should be THE YEAR 1974 plished in the time frame-or in any rea­ promptly finalized so such projects can pro­ sonable time frame-through the intensive ceed expeditiously and on an environmen­ efforts of industry, through industry earning tally acceptable basis. HON. CLARENCE D. LONG adequate profits to provide the needed capi­ 8. Energy facility siting standards and li­ OF MARYLAND tal, and through industry and the govern­ censing procedures should be streamlilned IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and adjusted to provide an effective balance ment working together constructively. Tra­ Monday, June 3, 1974 ditionally oil companies have reinvested between environmental and energy needs. more than they have earned, and particularly Procedures are needed to prevent unneces­ Mr. LONG of Maryland. Mr. Speaker, in the United States. Data for the past five sary delays due to non-substantive or re­ I am proud to announce that Mr. Jesse years are: dundant litigation. A. Hollie, of Parkville, Md., has been 9. Present antitrust legislation is adequate !Dollar amounts in millions per year) to prevent the formation of energy monop­ honored as the Postal Service's 1974 olies, oligopolies or collusion. Competition Outstanding Handicapped Worker of Expr:nditures and efficiency will be fostered by making it the Year. over financially attractive for more companies to Mr. Hollie, who lost an arm, a leg, and Capital ex- profits integrate vertically or to enter more than one Profits penditures (percent) a portion of his remaining foot in an energy field. electrocution accident at the age of 10, In the final analysis, this is the only has shown determination, strong spirit, United States______$3, 800 $6, 800 80 certain route to adequate domestic energy and great faith in not only his abilities, Rest of world.______4, 100 6, 000 48 supplies produced efficiently and competi­ tively. And, in turn, this is the only certain but the willingness of his friends and To achieve adequate domestic energy pro­ route to reasonable, long-term energy prices. family to allow him to achieve on his duction by ·1985 will involve expenditures by own merits, and to develop his potential the oil industry in the U.S. of $26 billion per by himself. year in current dollars-or more than triple MONEE CELEBRATES lOOTH Mr. Hollie's work record with the the recent rate. This will not be possible if Postal Service is exemplary. I should cash flow is restricted due to continuing ANNIVERSARY like to share with you comments made crude and gas price controls, increased taxes by the Postmaster of Baltimore, Mr. or other punitive measures. To the extent that domestic energy pro­ HON. GEORGE M. O'BRIEN Warren Bloomberg, in nominating Mr. duction falls short of these goals, imports OF ILLINOIS Hollie for this honor, and congratulate will increase, fueling inflation, and creation IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. Hollie, his family, and his friends on of needed employment will be restricted. his achievement and his gracious accept­ The $600 billion energy program will create Tuesday, June 11, 1974 ance of the role he will assume in repre­ approximately five million new jobs directly Mr. O'BRIEN. Mr. Speaker, this week senting not only handicapped postal em­ in the operation of these facilities, and an­ the citizens of Monee, Ill., are celebrat­ ployees but all handicapped Americans. other 10 to 15 million new jobs in support­ ing engineering, fabrication, construction, ing the lOOth anniversary of the incor­ NOMINATION OF MR. JESSE HOLLIE FOR OUT- poration of their village. STANDING HANDICAPPED POSTAL EMPLOYEE servicing and transportation activities. This OF THE YEAR, 1974 · is a number of new jobs comparable to the The name Monee has its origins in 18.7 million new jobs required through 1985 Indian lore and there is still some debate JOB PERFORMANCE due to the population growth patterns. over whether it was the name of an Mr. Hollie was appointed as a Schedule A THE GOVERNMENT'S ROLE Indian princess or a great chief. Like (700 hour) temporary employee in the Balti­ so many small communities in our coun­ more, Maryland Post Office to give him an The future energy situation will involve opportunity to demonstrate his ability to more government regulation of the energy try, Monee was founded by hard-work­ perform postal duties. He was converted to industries and an improved government ing, God-fearing pioneers. As the de­ an unlimited, Schedule A appointment in capability to develop and administer an ef­ scendants of these original settlers mar­ August 1971 and was later converted to a fective energy policy. Regulation must pro­ ried and raised families, the village grew Career Distribution Clerk, Part-Time Flex­ vide industry with adequate flexibility to and prospered. ible Schedule effective July 21, 1973. On get the job done. Inflexible and punitive reg­ February 16th of this year, this employee ulation will only insure failure in achieving The completion of the Illinois Central Railroad in 1853 accelerated this growth will become a full-time Distribution Clerk. the goals of adequate energy production and In spite of Mr. Hollie's handicap, he has employment. The following are major com­ and as Monee's population increased, vil­ adapted to postal operations. He has demon­ ponents of a government energy program: lage government became a necessity. On strated that he is capable of meeting and 1. A national energy council to evaluate November 9, 1874, the citizens cast their exceeding the standards of productivity. and recommend energy policies and pro­ votes at the public schoolhouse and His work performance is well above aver­ grams. Monee was incorporated. age and there is every indication it will con­ 2. A separate Federal bureau to collect, One hundred years have passed since tinue. He is self-sufficient in sweeping mails, compile and issue needed energy data and then, yet Monee has retained its rustic thereby providing himself with mail so he information. Data confidentiality, when does a full day's work. When a task is com­ valid, should be maintained. charm. Rich, fertile farmland stretches pleted he voluntarily seeks additional work. 3. A Federal Energy Administration to ad­ out from pleasant homesites shaded by At the outset of his employment he hung minister that energy policy enacted by the maple, oak, and elm trees making Monee a wooden tray around his neck and shoul­ Congress. one of the most beautiful villages in Illi­ ders. This enabled him to sweep case sepa­ 4. An Energy Research and Development nois. An air of serenity and friendliness rations with his left hand and place the mail Administration and an Energy Development pervades the town offering a refreshing in the tray resting on his chest. Present­ Bank. The government role would be to plan, change from our often hectic world. ly, he places the tray on the ledge of a dis­ set priorities and jointly fund research and tribution case, sweeps the separations with demonstration programs. Industry would A Monee resident, Muriel Mueller his left hand and because of his desire to share in the funding and operate research Milne, has documented and preserved work independently and through muscular projects. Prototype commercial synthetic fuel the full history of the village in her re­ coordination he is able to grasp the tray in projects should be built and financed by in­ cently published book, "Our Roots Are the center with the left hand and carry it to dustry, with guarantees or price subsidies Deep." a desired location. provided by the Development Bank. The week-long Centennial Celebration While performing case distribution he 5. Industry must be permitted to generate will be presided over by Mayor Elmer B. places the mail on the ledge of the case, the capital funds needed. picking up each piece separately and dis­ 6. A Federal Oil and Gas Company, or Richert and will featw·e numerous events similar government operating participation highlighting Monee's rich heritage and tributes it to a separation. In a recent eval­ would be totally inadequate to make a mean­ promising future. uation, his supervisors advise that Mr. Hollis ingful contribution, would preempt mas­ This weekend, I will have the pleasure distributes mail equally as fast and accurate sive tax revenues needed for other govern­ of attending some of these events and at as other employees of his unit. ment programs, and would siphon-off per­ Mr. Hollie can handle sacks of mail only sonnel and supplies from private industry. this gala time, I would like to congratu­ with the aid of another employee, however, No such government participatory action late the industrious citizens of Monee for he is able to distribute small parcels and should be initiated. working to make this anniversary cele­ all paper mail. His job requi·res continuous 7. Leasing of federal oil and coal lands bration possible. standing, walking and throwing packages to 18860 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 11, 1974

box number separations. stretching to empty lenge to him which he inevitably overcomes. RESOLUTION No. 7 sacks and reaching to all parts of the dis­ He receives self-gratification knowing he can Resolution Confirming Resolution Passed tribution case in sorting. To see Mr. Hollie do things on his own and being a part of the and Approved by the !IMC Executive Com­ perform, one would never realize his hand­ normal pattern of life. This employee drives mittee, May 10, 1974, on Free Postage for icap. his own automobile without the aid of addi­ Absentee Voting Ballots To Be Approved by Mr. Hollie has been rated excellent in tional mechanical devices. the U.S. Postal Service initiative, work habits, appearance, adher­ His leave record must be considered ex­ ence to reporting schedules, assigned duties, cellent in spite of the fa.ct that he has a low Whereas, the municipal clerks responsible attitude and acceptance of supervisory in­ sick leave balance. A bone in his upper right for election administration have encouraged struction. He has passed all scheme exam­ leg protrudes periodically causing skin break­ the fullest participation by qualified electors inations taken, staying within required time age, bleeding and unbearable pain. in the election process; and limits. His last examination indicated a 98% It gives me a great deal of personal satis­ Whereas, many of our citizens are absent score of a possible 100 % . Recently, a request faction and pride to nominate Mr. Jesse A. from their permanent domicile on election for a single position letter sorting machine Hollie as the "Outstanding Handicapped day because of travel, business, education, or operator was posted. This machine requires Postal Employee of the Year", as he is not hospitalization; and a degree of concentration with visual and only a loyal and dedicated employee, but in Whereas, some voters may be disenfran­ manual dexterity and coordination for sus­ his keen desire to excel has demonstrated a chised by not having sufficient postage or tained periods. The machine contains a key­ spirit o! cooperation and perseverance far ability to obtain postage for mailing absen­ board with thirteen keys, whereby the oper­ beyond the average employee since his entry tee ballots; and ator reads the box number on a letter and into the Postal Service. Whereas, absentee voting matter is mailed strikes a two digita.I code directing mail to free to military personnel; and one of a hundred sorta.tions. The keyboard Whereas, the International Institute of can be operated with one hand. Mr. Hollie Municipal Clerks, at its 1969 Conference, en­ applied for this assignment, and feels that dorsed the proposition that all absentee ap­ he can operate the machine with maximum POSTAGE-FREE ABSENTEE VOTING plications and absentee ballots receive free efficiency due to the confidence he has in ACT OF 1974 mail privileges available to national govern­ himself. He will receive training for deter­ mental functions for the prompt processing mination of manual dexterity in the near of voting material; and future. HON. WILLIAI\1 D. FORD Whereas, the Executive Committee of !IMC, Mr. Hollie was born in Person County, meeting in regular session, May 10, 1974, North Carolina on February 1, 1941. At the OF MICHIGAN passed and approved a resolution on Free age of ten, he and another child were playing IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Postage For Absentee Voting Matter to be near the railroad tracks. Two older boys Tuesday, June 11, 1974 provided by the U.S. Postal Service· and pursued them and in order to escape he Furthermore that such voting ~tter climbed. to the top of a nearby boxcar. Mr. Mr. FORD. Mr. Speaker, I would like carry the Air Mail priority on the envelope Hollie's right hand touched a wire sending to take this opportunity to share with to and from the individual, and that this 11,000 volts of electricity through his body. the other Members of Congress a resolu­ support be conveyed to its membership, con­ As he was still clinging to the wire, his friend gressional leaders, and appropriate authori­ tion which was introduced by Mr. Robert ties; and sought help and fortunately some railroad McLachlan, city clerk of the city of Dear­ attendants grabbed his leg and pulled him Whereas, the !IMC Executive Committee free from the wire, which probably saved his born, Mich., and was adopted by the In­ feels that the action ta.ken by them should life. He fell to the ground unconscious, and ternational Institute of Municipal Clerks be confirmed by the membership of the IIMC it was expected that he would not survive. supporting a bill I introduced on March 5 at the 1974 Norfolk, Virginia Conference: He was transported to the Maryland Gen­ of this year, the Postage-Free Absentee Now, therefore, be and it is hereby resolved eral Hospital of Baltimore where his entire Voting Act of 1974. by the membership of the !IMC at the 28th right arm to the shoulder, his right leg be­ Mr. Speaker, my bill would authorize annual conference, Norfolk, Virginia: low the knee and a portion of his left foot the agency or official of a State or a That the Resolution passed and approved was amputated. This traumatic experience by the !IMC Executive Committee, meeting and physical disability resulted in at least political subdivision thereof which ad­ in regular session, May 10, 1974, on "Free seven operations. Mr. Hollie was confined to ministers the election laws to mail post­ Postage For Absentee Voting Ballots to be a wheel chair until he was fourteen years of age-free absentee ballots and instruc­ Provided by the U.S. Postal Service" is here~ age, however, because of his desire to move tions to any voter requesting such mate­ by approved. ' about and live a normal life, he was quick rial. Further, this measure provides for to adapt to an artificial leg. Being a right­ the free return mailing of the ballot to handed person, he had to overcome the loss the designated official or agency for tabu­ of his arm and is now dexterous with the lation. LOSS OF JOHN A. TERESI left arm. Mr. Hollie attended the William S. Baer It is estimated, Mr. Speaker, that about School for Crippled Children for three years 5. 7 percent of the total votes cast in the HON. THADDEUS J. DULSKI and the Samuel Gompers General Vocational 1972 general election were by absentee ballots. Many persons who for reasons OF NEW YORK School until he reached Grade 11. Not seek­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing sympathy and in an effort to become of infirmity or proximity to their legal self-supporting, he worked at low paying place of voting were unable to reach the Tuesday, June 11, 1974 jobs to help sustain himself. These jobs in­ polls on election day and voted by mail. Mr. DULSKI. Mr. Speaker, I was sad­ cluded being a night clerk at various hotels, In my district, over 8,000 absentee bal­ dened to learn on May 24, 1974, of the picking up and making deliveries of speci­ lots were counted in the general election. death at the age of 74, of John A. Teresi, mens for a research laboratory and being This would include the elderly, students, of Buffalo, N.Y. the proprietor of his own newsstand. as well as civilian and military personnel As a personal friend, I admired him as OTHER CONTRIBUTIONS stationed overseas. a man, a hard-working individual, a Mr. Hollie participates in all of the pro­ Mr. Speaker, my proposal will encour­ civic-minded member of the community, grams initiated by management and is rec­ age and promote a greater participation and a congenial, kind person. ognized as a true dedicated, inspired em­ in the electoral process. Citizens have no He began his career of hard work op­ ployee who continually looks for the best greater power or expression of sentiment erating a newsstand in Buffalo while still way to accomplish a job without seeking than through their vote, and as their a teenager, and was one of the few sur­ assistance. He is a willing worker who con­ representatives, it should be one of our vivors of the Newsboys Benevolent Asso­ stantly assists others. Mr. Hollie volunteers primary responsibilities to evoke an even information to newly assigned employees, ciation of Buffalo. He paid his own way helps other employees in meeting dispatches greater interest in our democratic sys­ through St. Bonaventure College and the and even aids in pushing mail-la.den nutting tem. University of Buffalo Law School. At one trucks to the dock area. Mr. Speaker, I strongly believe my bill time an insurance broker, he served his OTHER PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS would accomplish this. Similar legisla­ country during World War II as chair­ Mr. Hollie is unmarried, living with his tion has also been introduced in the other man of the local Selective Service Board, mother at 1635 Lyle Court, Baltimore, Mary­ body. and received a citation from President land, a home recently purchased by him. He At this point I insert into the RECORD Truman. is an avid fan of baseball and ice hockey the resolution adopted by the Interna­ Following some years in private law and actively participates in swim.ming and tional Institute of Municipal Clerks at practice, he joined the Buffalo City Law horseback riding. He does not feel that he 1s their conference in Norfolk, Va., on Department in 1937, when his work as a handicapped. Each day presents a new cha.I- May 15 of this year: legal investigator was highly respected June 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18861 through his retirement in 1969. He served ficiency and responsiveness will appar­ ing as they become more recent. Official in Democratic Party posts in Erie County ently be primary Bureau concerns in 1968 estimates placed the school-age for 40 years, yet found time for active the years ahead and paternalistic admin­ population at that time at over 150,000. participation in Knights of Columbus, istrative independence and inefficiency More recently, in its fall 1973 survey of Holy Name and Ushers Societies of St. are now presumably problems belonging Indian children enrolled in public Joseph's New Cathedral, Crippled Chil­ to the all-too-recent past. schools, the Office of Indian Education dren's Guild of Buffalo, Retired Civil Transition in the Bureau of Indian Af­ found 270,000 students. Service Employees Association, and the fairs will not be simply a matter of in­ Second. The number of children "not Courier-Express Good Fellows. cremental shifts of policy if the Commis­ in school" has been estimated to be as Men like John Teresi are an asset and sioner's laudable goals are to be met. high as 16,000, with about half the cases an inspiration to community life, and he Many decisions representing insensitive due to a lack of school facilities which will be greatly missed. My deepest sym· or inept reasoning on the part of previous can serve these children.6 pathies go to his wife, Virginia; his son, Bureau administrations are intruding in­ The Bureau of Indian Affairs is re­ Paul; his brothers, William and Frank; to the new administration due to the bu­ sponding to this demand for facilities his sisters, Mrs. Josephine Gaglione and reaucratic inertia that has plagued the through an extensive program of school Mrs. Anna Pollina; and his grand­ BIA since its inception. An excellent ex­ construction. As of February 1974, the children. ample of this kind of destructive inherit­ BIA listed some $35 million in current ance can be found in the Intermountain construction projects for secondary Boarding School situation. schools alone, and this figure does not Essentially, the Bureau of Indian Af­ include the cost of furnishing and equip­ BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS fairs some months ago decided to discon­ ping the facilities. All projects listed are TRANSITION AND THE INTER­ tinue operations at the Intermountain at least in the design stage.7 It seems MOUNTAIN SCHOOL OPPORTU­ Boarding School at Brigham City, Utah, quite apparent that the Bureau's earlier NITY on the premise that the facility was un­ suggestion that the excellent Intermoun­ needed and unwanted by Indian students. tain facility is unneeded stands as a con­ "Documentation" supporting this posi­ tradiction to their own estimate of fa­ HON. GUNN McKAY tion was provided by the Bureau in a cilities demand. The assertion, in fact, OF UTAH voluminous report which has since been seems preposterous. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES effectively refuted by numerous groups Is the Intermountain School unwanted Tuesday, June 11, 1974 with respect to its accuracy and spirit.2 by the Indian people? Once again, the Yet the decision for discontinuance at BIA should evaluate the information that Mr. McKAY. Mr. Speaker, a crucial this time remains tragically unchanged it already possess concerning Indian de­ stage in the course of Indian education in spite of the apparent determination of sires in the realm of education. It is par­ has been reached with the confirmation the new Bureau administration to avoid ticularly fortunate and appropriate at of Morris Thompson as the new Commis­ such unfounded and destructive acts. this time of transition that the Bureau sioner of Indian Affairs. The Bureau of The senseless inconsistencies inherent has undertaken a survey of these desires Indian Affairs now has a permanent Di­ in the Bureau's position on this matter and the first results of that survey are rector, and Bureau education policy can are so obvious that the briefest of discus­ now available. Native American input has now be reformulated in an atmosphere sions will illuminate them. The BIA as­ been called for, and this survey data con­ of Federal concern for the Native Amer­ sertions that the school is unneeded and stitutes an initial response. ican exemplified by the Indian Self-De­ unwanted are simply false. The survey results appear in volume l, termination and Educational Reform Act The Bureau of Indian Affairs has No. 8 of the IERC Bulletin-December and new education provisions under the stated that the Intermountain School 1973.8 While these results report the Indian Education Act. After many should be phased out, because "adequate character of the response in some detail, months of Bureau uncertainty, confu­ facilities exist at schools-to serve the four general goals are offered in sum­ sion, and misdirection under temporary needs of Navajo students without the mary: leadership, the time for responsive and continued operation * * *" of Inter­ First. Develop, conduct, and support realistic decisions about the future of mountain.' The Bureau document goes adequate training for Indian students so Indian education is now at hand. on to conclude that the demand from they may enter vocational schools and/ A review of Commissioner Thompson's other tribal groups is insufficient. to jus­ or institutions of higher learning. statement before the Senate Interior and tify continued operation of the facility. Second. Provide the highest quality Insular Affairs Committee indicates that It is ironic that the Bureau is main­ of education possible for Indian children, these imminent decisions may well be youths, and adults, including culturally 1 taining this position at the same time it constructive. Among the Commissioner's is desperately calling for funds for new relevant curricula, adequate counseling comments were four key points relevant facilities to meet space requirements for and guidance, bicultural bilingual cur­ to Indian education: Indian students. The March 1974 IERC ricula, vocational, and college prepara­ (1) American Indians h ave a right to ex­ Bulletin-published by the Bureau of In­ tion, and early childhood education. pect an effective and efficient Bureau of In­ Third. Develop, conduct, and support dian Affairs; dian Affairs-states that "the Indian (2) Indian people have a right to deter­ population is among the most deprived programs that are designed to meet the mine what the Indian priori ties will be and and isolated of the minority groups in the special education needs of physically how they are to be met; Nation," and t:P,at "the need for a pro­ and/or emotionally handicapped chil­ (3) Indians have a right to direct and ad­ gram of educational assistance for In­ dren and youth. minister programs developed for them; and dians is illustrated by-statistics • * "' " 5 Fourth. Provide programs in off-res­ (4) Of the many programs developed and The statistics cited by the Bureau in this ervation boarding schools for Indian administ ered for the benefit of Indians to­ document include the fallowing: youth who desire to attend this type of day, n on e is more important · than Indian school.9 education.!! First. Available estimates of the num­ ber of school-age children vary, increas- These "goals" were derived from spe­ The new BIA administration clearly cific responses to statements about which places great emphasis upon education, the respondents were asked to agree or and is concerned with responding to In­ s See Utah Federal Research Committee, disagree. Some of these statements along dian desires as a matter of right. Ef- "Revie·w of Evaluation and Audit Reports" for a full discussion of these documents. 6 Ibid. ' United States Department of the Interior, 7 1 Unit ed States Depart men t of the Interior, Indian Education Resources Center, DiVision United States Department of t h e Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Indian Education Bureau of Indian Affairs, Division of Fa­ of Evaluation and Program Review, "Inter­ Resources Cent er, IERC Bulletin, Vol. 1, No. cilities Engineering, "Current Construction 8, "St atement of Morris Thompson before mountain Evaluation Task Force: A Report." Projects and Costs," Dec. 10, 1973. t he Senate Interior and Insular Affairs Com­ G United States Department of the Interior, 8 United States Department of the Interior, mittee's Nov. 14, 1973 Hearing on the Presi­ Bureau of Indian Affairs, Indian Education Bureau of Indian Affairs, Indian Education d ent 's Nomination of Him to Be Commis­ Resources Center, IERO Bulletin, Vol. 2, No. Resources Center, IERC Bulletin, Vol. 1, No. sioner of Indian Affairs," p. 2. 3, "Priorities 1n Indian Education, Office of 8, "Goals for Indian Education," p . 4. 9 lb1d. Education: Indian Education," p. 7. 9 Ibid, p. 5. CXX--1189-Part 14 18862 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 11, 1974

with the percentage in agreement are School offers an education program that INCOME listed here: is greatly desired; the Bureau now Income is central to the concerns of 1. (97%) Provide training for students realizes that thousands of Indian stu - the elderly. desiring to enter special schools and institu­ dents are not receiving an education due Older Americans have on the average tions of higher learning. to a lack of facilities; and the Bureau less than half the income of younger 4. (94%) Develop in Indian students basic now has letters and resolutions from people. academic skills. Indian organizations in all parts of the 5. (93% Give students an understanding There is no substitute for income if of the social and economic world and to help United States confirming that the Inter­ people are to be free to exercise choice in them secure improved standards of living. mountain facility should be appraised by their style of living and if they are to 6. (93 % ) Provide vocational training which the Indian people before any final deci­ lead decent lives. will qualify youth for gainful employment sion is made. INFLATION on or off the reservation or village. To the Bureau's credit, Commissioner 10. (90%) There should be education pro­ Thompson has responded to the desires Inflation is one of the older American's grams in the BIA that are designed to meet of the Indian people to some degree by greatest foes, and the impact of inflation the special education needs of physically authorizing and funding the requested is felt with special severity by older and/or emotionally handicapped children all Indian task force. The willingness and Americans. and youth. P-rices are rising faster than the rela­ 52. (28% ) Close boarding schools which ability of the Bureau of Indian Affairs to achieve the goals established by Com­ tively fixed incomes which most elderly established criteria indicate are no longer people live on. needed. 10 missioner Thompson concerning Indian rights in the area of education will un­ Too many older Americans are forced It is quite obvious that parents, guar­ to cut back on necessities such as cloth­ dians, school board members, and tribal questionably be tested by the Bureau's final actions in this matter. It can only ing, transportation, and food, as the leaders-the people included in the sam­ actual buying power of their incomes is ple-are quite concerned with the quality be hoped that the Bureau of Indian Af­ fairs will act quickly and appropriately eaten away by inflation. and variety of Indian education, and are Inflation cannot be allowed to exact a not opposed to the continuation of off­ to restructure Intermountain School in a way consistent with the findings of that toll of hardship, sacrifice, and despair reservation boarding schools as long as from the elderly. these schools provide a valuable service. task force and the desires of the Indian people. As prices go up, an elderly person's in­ The fact that the boarding school asser­ come should rise automatically with cost tion was concurred with less frequently of living increases. than all other statements is indicative It is important that we have firm of the relative unimportance of geo­ MEETING THE NEEDS OF OLDER leadership on the economic front to slow graphic location compared to educational AMERICANS price rises and achieve the goal of a bal­ quality. anced economy with reasonable price In addition to this BIA data, the Bu­ stability, moderate economic growth, and reau may turn directly to the Indian HON. LEE H. HAMILTON full employment. people for an indication of the desira­ OF INDIANA The Government should encourage in­ bility of the facility to the people who IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES creased production and vigorous compe­ will use it. By way of resolution and let­ Tuesday, June 11, 1974 tition, educate and protect the consumer, ter, various tribes, regional associations, and use an appropriate mix of fiscal and and national groups-including the Na­ Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, the con­ monetary policies to control demand and tional Congress of American Indians and cerns of older Americans deserve the get its own spending under control . the National Tribal Chairmen Associa­ highest priority and our continuing at­ SOCIAL SECURITY tion-are vehemently objecting to this tention. Bureau move as being unrepresentative More than 21 million elderly citizens Social security is the basic source of of Indian desires. At a meeting held at form the most rapidly growing minority income for most retired workers and Intermountain School in January of 1974, in the Nation. It is a minority of people their families. 26 representatives of tribal organizations with diverse backgrounds, wide-ranging Older Americans who are covered by from many regions of the United States problems, and a common bond of age. social security will receive improved condemned the phaseout decision and There are seven times as many older benefits as a result of a number of major signed a resolution requirement request­ citizens in America today as there were recent changes: ing Indian involvement in any final de­ in 1900. Over half a million live in In­ First. Congress passed a two-step 11- termination concerning the future of the diana alone. percent increase in social security bene­ facility, and specifically called for an Older Americans will become an even fits that has already taken effect. all Indian task force to study the matter. larger and more important minority in Second. Older individuals under age 72 It is not difficult to understand why our society in the future. can now earn $2,400 a year instead of this resistance exists. The variety and By the year 2000, the number of older $2,100 and still receive the full social quality of the Intermountain program, Americans is expected to be 29 million or security benefits to which they are from academic and vocational offerings 10.6 percent of the population, a 46-per­ entitled. to home living experience to job and uni­ cent increase. Third. Beginning in June 1975, social Too often the elderly and their prob­ security benefits will increase automat­ versity placement, is unsurpassed else­ ically to reflect increases in the cost of where in the Bureau system; the living lems have escaped our notice. The elderly have been shunted aside, and their con­ living. environment is excellent at Intermoun­ More improvements are needed: tain; and special education equipment cerns have been given insufficient atten­ tion. Social security benefits should reflect and curriculum are superior at the fa­ Only in the last years has the Nation the country's rising standard of living, as cility. Above all, the Indian people are begun to recognize what older Americans well as the cost of living; far more aware of the existence and have always known: That they are in­ Social security recipients under age 72 likely future of those 16,000 school-age dividuals who deserve the opportunity to should be able to earn at least $3,000 a people who are not in school due to a live their lives as fully as possible. year without forfeiting any of the bene­ "lack of school facilities" than the au­ Older Americans have special needs, fits to which they are entitled; thors of the Bureau decision to close the to be sure, but basically, their needs and And the social security system should school due to a lack of statistical demand. wants are the same as those of all of us. be equitable, with the tax schedule made The Bureau of Indian Affairs now has Elderly Americans seek a dignified, more progressive, and insured men and a new commissioner who is apparently meaningful life. women workers treated equally. dedicated to responding to Indian desires We should give top priority to what SUPPLEMENTAL SECURITY INCOME in an efficient way; the Bureau now has older Americans generally consider their Aged, as well as blind and disabled in­ th.:} results of a national survey of In­ overriding concerns: income, health, dividuals, who are in financial need, be­ dians that suggests that Intermountain housing, and transportation. They are came eligible for cash payments under the key to the well-being of Older Ameri­ the new supplemental security income 10 Ibid, p. 10. cans in this society. program at the beginning of 1974. June 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18863 This new program is a welcome step the false assumption that younger em­ food stamp program and authorized toward addressing the needs of millions ployees are more desirable than older semiannual cost-of-living adjustments of older Americans. ones. As a result, capable, and productive and has extended programs under the We must learn from the initial expe­ older Americans are forced from their Older Americans Act that provide low­ rience with the supplemental security jobs or have trouble finding work that cost meals to elderly citizens. income program and continue to make is meaningful and pay that is adequate. We must see to it that every elderly adjustments and improvements as they Congress has passed manpower and American enjoys a nutritious diet at an become necessary. training legislation that authorizes train­ affordable cost. VETERANS' BENEFITS ing, development, and public service em­ COMPREHENSIVE HEALTH CARE ployment programs for elderly citizens Veterans' retirement and disability and others needing employment assist­ Older Americans' health care will be benefits provide an important source of ance, in areas with 6.5 percent unem­ inadequate until it is put on a compre­ income for older veterans and their fami­ ployment or more. hensive basis. lies. For older Americans holding jobs, the Until a new system of national health Congress passed a 10-percent increase minimum hourly wage was recently care is adopted, it is important that the in veterans' pensions near the end of 1973 raised to $2, and minimum wage coverage existing system be expanded and im• that means a significant rise in income was extended to 6. 7 million additional proved at all levels. for veterans and their families. individuals. During the 93d Congress, the following Other recent veterans legislation Federal programs which .Provide older programs have been enacted: Hospital widens the scope of treatment VA hospi­ Americans with useful jobs on a wage or construction, comprehensive services, tals may provide and expands medical volunteer basis need to be continued and community mental health centers, re­ services for veterans' dependents. expanded. gional medical centers, health mainte­ Congress also established a National All forms of age discrimination in em­ nance organization development, com­ Cemeteries System, authorized a spe­ ployment must be stopped and older munity medical services, fire protection cial $150 burial plot allowance, in cases Americans should have maximum free­ loans for nursing homes, and others. where veterans are not buried in a Fed­ dom of choice in determining whether Special emphasis should also be given eral cemetery. and where to work. to research into the prevention and In addition. Congress should act to TAXATION treatment of strokes, heart disease, can­ grant increases in compensation rates cer, and other diseases that hit the el­ and DIC rates for widows and children Taxes have a tremendous impact on derly particularly hard, and we need to comparable to the recent increase re­ the income of elderly Americans. develop a much greater understanding of Not only are taxes too high for many the very process of aging. ceived by those receiving pension bene­ older Americans, but approximately one­ fits, should raise the income limitations But, of course, money, commitment, half of all elderly taxpayers pay more and effort, not just scientific break­ for VA benefits, should prevent increases taxes than they should. in social security or railroad retirement throughs, are needed. It is important that we simplify the We need to insure an adequate supply benefits from lowering veterans' pensions tax statements and calculations older benefits, should prevent military retirees of well-trained doctors and health per­ Americans must make to claim rightful sonnel. from losing length-of-service pay when deductions, make available special tax they receive disability compensation, and counseling assistance, increase the re­ Existing health care facilities should should insure that the Veterans' Admin­ tirement income credit limitation to the be improved, where necessary, and new istration is responsive to the needs of maximum social security benefit level, facilities, and other health care delivery older veterans. and insure that the tax burden on the innovations should be developed. RAILROAD RETIREMENT Most importantly, we must recognize elderly at all levels of government, in­ the basic right of all Americans to com­ New legislation provides that railroad cluding property tax, reflects the older prehensive health care regardless of employees with 30 years of service may American's ability to pay. their age or their ability to pay, retire at age 60 with full benefits and that HEALTH HOUSING if social security benefits are further in­ Health problems are a burden for creased in 1974, railroad retirees will re­ senior citizens. Housing is the third principal concern ceive an automatic equivalent increase. Although older Americans have less of older Americans. We must insure that retirees covered than half the income of younger Ameri­ Many elderly Americans do not have by railroad retirement are in no way dis­ cans, they pay almost three and a half a safe, decent place to live at a cost advantaged in comparison with fell ow times as much for their greater health they can afford. retired workers who are covered by so­ care needs. Available housing is often limited, in­ cial security. MEDICARE convenient, and unsuitable for the spe­ PRIVATE PENSIONS Despite the major health care assist­ cial transportation, recreation, and ance medicare provides, coverage is in­ health needs of elderly Americans. Retired Americans are having a num­ Unfortunately, the recent record ·on ber of problems with private pensions, adequate and too costly for all too many housing is not encouraging. many of them with catastrophic conse­ older Americans. quences. Supplementary medical insurance has It is distressing that the administration After years of study, Congress is mak­ risen from $36 to $75, while the hospital has undercut most progress on housing ing steady progress on landmark legisla­ deductible has jumped to $84. for the elderly both before and since its The medicare system must be ex­ January 1973, declared "moratorium" on tion to improve private pension and pro­ housing. tect the rights and retirement security of panded and improved to meet the unful- . both working and retired Americans by filled needs, the rapidly rising costs, and The Congress has continued to work setting equitable standards for em­ the growing complexity of adequate for better housing for the elderly, al­ ployees' "vesting" rights, by requiring health care. though most of its efforts have been op­ The monthly premium for supplemen­ posed by the administration. that all pension plans be run on a sound It is highly important that we get financial basis, by insuring pension plans tary medical insurance should be elim­ inated, and prescription drug, dental, housing moving at the Federal level and against losses, and by allowing self-em­ at all levels throughout the economy, ployed individuals without pension plan hearing, and vision needs, related pro­ coverage to receive special tax deductions fessional services, and catastrophic ill­ In order to improve housing for the in order to set up their own retirement ness protection should be included under elderly, we must enable older Americans accounts. medicare coverage. to remain in their own homes, if they Pension reform deserves top legislative NUTRITION choose, make it easier for elderly Amer­ priority. Proper nutrition is basic to the health icans to buy homes, provide multiunit EMPLOYMENT of elderly Americans, many of whom do housing for older Americans, increase Older Americans who want to work not have the food they need, as their in­ production of federally assisted housing and are capable of working confront a comes are overwhelmed by rising food for the elderly, see that older Americans number of employment barriers. prices. are protected against fraudulent and ex­ Too many prospective employers make Congress •has recently extended the ploitative housing practices, and secure 18864 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 11, 1974 housing and neighborhoods for the poverty for all, allows dignity in dying as have heard that the United States is elderly against crime and accidental loss well as in living, and offers safe, enrich­ encouraging opium production for phar­ through fire and catastrophe. ing, and hospitable environments for maceutical purposes elsewhere. In sum, we must make sure that every young and old alike. Some Turkish nationalists reject a older American has a decent place to We must realize that older Americans, program they see as dictated by a for­ live. through years of dedication and hard eign superpower. Our task ought to be TRANSPORTATION work, have earned a right to our respect revising and strengthening the program Along with income, health, and hous­ and a continuing share of the great in Turkey. It should not be abandoned. ing, transportation is one of the most abundance of this Nation. Turkey does have legitimate concerns. important concerns of older Americans. Finally, we must respond to the chal­ We must respond to those concerns and Inadequate or inaccessible transporta­ lenge posed by the many needs of the attempt to save the program or, at least, tion deprives millions of elderly citizens older Americans, and we must get on salvage the idea behind it-effective of mobility, the ability to acquire basic with the job of meeting those needs with control of poppy production no matte1· necessities such as food, clothing, em­ vigor, with dedication, and with the at ... where it occurs. ployment, and medical care. titude that we do so because it is right. The Drug Abuse Council reported May Transportation is access to opportu­ 30, 1974 that- nities and the ability to participate in the While heroin use may be leveling off or social, spiritual, and cultura: life of one's declining on the national level, there is community. THE POPPIES OF ANATOLIA widespread agreement that heroin depen­ In many areas, older Americans have dence remains a significant problem in the no alternative; they go by car or they do inner-city areas. Further, recent studies on not go at all. HON. DONALD M. FRASER the use of heroin would suggest that its use When and where it is available, P\lblic OF MINNESOTA did not peak simultaneously across the coun­ try and may be just now emerging a.s a prob­ transportation is often unsuited to the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES special need of the elderly who may have lem in a number of medium-sized cities. trouble climbing stairs, opening doors, Tuesday, June 11, 1974 This was reported in the Washington standing, seeing, or hearing. Mr. FRASER. Mr. Speaker, with good Post of the same date. It is clear that the Those elderly Americans without reason, Congress is deeply concerned Turkish ban is only one reason the rate transportation are in effect restricted to about heroin addiction in the United of addiction declined in some areas. their homes or immediate neighborhoods. States. In the words of Dr. Thomas E. In the same report, Dr. Bryant indi­ Everything else, perhaps even a movie Bryant, president of the Drug Abuse cates that- theater just a few blocks away, is in Council: Although some law enforcement efforts in another world. It is clear that destructive drug use con­ the drug area have been helpful, surely his­ Some progress is being made on the tinues to be a serious national problem con­ tory has taught us that overreliance on law transportation problems of the elderly. centrated in our urban areas. enforcement cannot provide a panacea for The Federal Aid Highway Act stimu­ our Nation's drug concerns. lates mass transit and requires that buses Since Turkish opium production was and transit vehicles receiving Federal banned by the Turkish Government in Let us consider all aspects of the drug funds be designed for use by elderly and 1971, the rate of heroin addiction in the abuse problem in this country. Surely, handicapped passengers, and other United States has declined. Nobody closely controlling Turkish production of legislation authorizes a wide-ranging wants that rate to go up again. And we opium is important if an outright ban is study of the transportation problems of all want to do something to keep it from not possible. Rupturing relations with the elderly and improved Amtrak rail going up again. the Turkish people and, in effect, aban­ passenger service. A resolution aimed at the reinstitution doning our control program in Turkey Transportation for the elderly should of Turkish poppy cultivation for opium would be a very high price to pay. The be designed to take into account their has been introduced by a majority of result would not be a solution to the special needs, and it is imperative, above Representatives in the House and by problem of Turkish production of pop­ all, that the world's most mobile society Senators MONDALE and BUCKLEY in the pies. The alternatives should not be to provide elderly citizens with inex­ Senate. I am in full agreement with part ban production or end all U.S. assist­ pensive, accessible, and safe trans­ one of the Resolution which states that ance. portation. the President should: The Times editorial "The Poppies of A NEW ATTITUDE First, immediately initiate negotia­ Anatolia" follows: tions at the highest level of the Turkish THE POPPIES OF ANATOLIA In order to make real progress toward Government to prevent the resumption a good life for older Americans, society A totally unnecessary confrontation is of opium production; brewing between the United States and Tur­ must view elderly individuals from a But I am alarmed at the possible con­ key; unless it can be talked out in terms of fundamentally different perspective. sequences of part two of this resolution: reason and good will, serious resentment We must see them as people, impor­ Second, if such negotiations prove un­ could erupt to jeopardize Western security tant people, people with ability, people fruitful, the president should exercise interests in the eastern Mediterranean. with needs and aspirations, and people the authority provided by the Congress The issue is the cultivation of poppies for with human dignity and great worth. opium, banned by the Turkish Government under the Foreign Assistance Act, to since 1971 after lengthy discussions with the Above all else, we need to get a way terminate all assistance to the Govern­ from the callous notion that older Amer­ United States. Under nationalistic political ment of Turkey. pressures at home, the new Turkish Govern­ icans are "nice," that they have done A New York Times editorial of May 27, ment is giving serious consideration to lift­ their part, and that they should now be 1974 points out that-- ing the ban. Against such a possibility, de­ put on a shelf, or sent to Florida, or The Turkish government has already mands are being raised in Congress to sus­ stashed away and forgotten in an old­ shown readiness to remove one irritant to pend all economic aid to Turkey, a drastic age home. Turkish-American relations; an amnesty move which could weaken the Turkish com­ We must also acknowledge and make measure has reduced the life sentences mitment to the North Atlantic Treaty passed on several young Americans arrested Organization. use of the important contributions the in possession of drugs, though the remain­ Both sides have a grievance in this complex elderly can make and appreciate that ing prison sentences may still seem exces­ misunderstanding. For American authorities older Americans face difficult problems sive to many in this country. the Turkish ban is central to the increasing­ in an increasingly complex society that ly successful campaign against heroin addic­ This is evidence of Turkey's willing­ tion. United Nations and Federal Govern­ caters to the working and to the young. ness to respond to U.S. concerns in a ment drug enforcement authorities point to We need a new attitude, an approach drug-related matter. a dramatic decrease in the amount of illicit that places human needs at the top of The editorial also points out problems heroin reaching the streets of New York and our priorities, places both young and old other Eastern seaboard cities, an estimated experienced in Turkey with the U.S.­ 80 per cent of heroin formerly came from in the decisionm.aking process of this Na­ financed opiwn production ban. Turkey through the illicit "French connec­ tion, makes their opinions and their Turkish farmers feel that the Ameri­ tion" network. Though there are other poten­ energy felt at all levels, avoids pain and can aid program has failed and they tial sources of raw opium-particularly June 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18865 Southeast Asia-international efforts there Minnie, who was his constant companion accurate accounting of POW's and MIA'S have scored notable success in disrupting new and friend. by all combatant nations in a conflict: illicit channels of supply. He also leaves his son, Arthur, and his wife, From the Turkish point of view, however, Constance; his daughter, Doris Pogue and STATEMENT BY CONGRESSMAN CHARLES WILSON the ban has been a deprivation for some, for husband Robert; :five grandchildren, Marilyn, OF TEXAS others a provocation. Poppies are a traditional Michael, Matthew, Andrew and Suzanne; and Mr. President, I appreciate the opportu­ and legitimate crop for a small but real seg­ two young great grandsons, Mark and Neil­ nity to introduce the draft amendment on ment of Turkey's farm population-not for an of whom will remember him dearly. the subject of the missing and dead and opium but for the edible oil, seeds and stalks. APRIL 1, 1973. graves in armed conflicts. I recognize that the The $36-million American aid program to time for full discussion of this amendment compensate Turkish farmers for lost income will come later on the agenda of this Com­ has, by all accounts, failed-little of the mittee. As a member of the United States money ever reaching the farmers themselves. Congress, I have been privileged to partic­ U.S. RESOLUTIONS AT THE GENEVA ipate in the work of this Conference. How­ Turkish anger has been aroused by mislead­ DIPLOMATIC CONVENTION ing reports that the United States is en­ ever, my schedule requires me to leave later couraging opium production elsewhere, for today, so I appreciate this opportunity to pharmaceutical needs. Fortunately an offi­ HON. CHARLES WILSON speak now. cial plan to cultivate poppies in this country The subject of this Article is that of ac­ for that purpose has been definitely shelved. OF TEXAS counting for the missing and dead in armed Some Turkish politicians have turned the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES conflicts, and identifying and caring for the graves of the dead. As a newcomer to the ban into an emotional issue of national Tuesday, June 11, 1974 pride. subject of international humanitarian law, I The way out of this apparent impasse lies Mr. CHARLES WILSON of Texas. Mr. was surprised to realize that there exists no not through threats and acts of national Speaker, at your direction, I left Wash­ general, overall requirement on this subject defiance by either side. If the American aid in the Geneva Conventions of 1949. The pur­ ington on March 7, to attend the Diplo­ pose of this amendment is to fill that gap. program has been ineffective so far, it should matic Conference on the Laws of War in be revised and strengthened-not neces­ Every country that has experienced armed sarily with more money, but by better imple­ Geneva, Switzerland. At this time, I conflict is aware of the heartbreak that comes mentation, including small-scale industrial would like to report to you and to my during and after hostilities as families ex­ projects to convince the Anatolian farmers, colleagues on the progress of the talks. perience the anguish of not knowing the fate and their mentors among the politicians, that First, a little background is in order. of their relatives. This problem has existed they have something to gain by abandoning The 1974 Geneva Conference is the first for generations. It has taken on even greater their poppy crop. since 1949, and only the third in history importance in recent years as a result of the The Turkish government has already shown wide-ranging and protracted nature of mod­ since 1929. It was called by the Swiss ern armed conflicts. As a member of Con­ readiness to remove one irritant to Turkish­ Government and the International Red American relations; an amnesty measure has gress, I am personally aware of the suffering reduced the life sentences passed on several Cross in order to update the Geneva Con­ of parents and wives who have not been able young Americans arrested in possession of ventions relating to the protection of vic­ to learn the fate of their loved ones. Lacking drugs, though the remaining prison sentences tims of international armed conflicts­ definitive information, families cling to the may still seem excessive to many in this also known as the Laws of War. It is the hope, even against the odds, that their rela­ country. first attempt at revision of the Geneva tive may somehow have survived. We may re­ With a modicum of good will, and recog­ member the pictures of relatives at railroad Conventions since 1949, and more than stations, airfields, and ports-as POWs re­ nition of each other's legitimate concerns, 100 nations sent representatives to the there is no reason why both sides cannot turn-with signs asking, "Has anyone seen benefit from continuation of the Turkish conference. my son, husband, or father?" as the case may poppy ban. The chief of the U.S. delegation, be. All would agree, I believe, that the certain George Aldrich, is Deputy Legal Adviser knowledge of death is preferable to the end­ for the State Department and was Secre­ less uncertainty of not knowing the fate of tary of State Kissinger's special counsel a loved one. TRIBUTE TO BARNETT M. ROSSOFF Although this subject was not covered in at the Paris Peace Talks. The delegation the draft Protocols submitted to this Con­ also included three other State Depart­ ference by the meetings of government ex­ HON. JOHN W. WYDLER ment officials, 16 representatives of the perts, it follows as a logical step from the Department of Defense, and Congress­ OF NEW YORK resolution adopted unanimously by the In­ man GEORGE O'BRIEN. ternational Conference of the Red Cross at IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The United States sponsored two re­ Tehran this past November, which called on· Tuesday, June 11, 1974 solutions at the conference, which we parties to armed conflicts to help account for the missing and dead in armed conflicts. Mr. WYDLER. Mr. Speaker, recently believe will serve the interests of all na­ As the Tehran resolution indicated, there Mr. Barnett M. Rossoff, the father of my tions. The first deals with the treatment is nothing political about this amendment. good friend Arthur L. Rossoff, passed and accounting of POW's, MIA's, and Its purpose is the simple, human one of ac­ away. A moving and stirring tribute to the bodies of dead soldiers. The second counting for the missing and caring for the him was sent to me, and I wish to place resolution asks that more automatic en­ graves of the dead. To do this is in the na­ forcement procedures be established to tional interest of every country, and serves it in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD as a trib­ the cause of humanity. ute to Mr. Rossoff and his life: insure that the laws of war are followed. I am happy to report that both of these I hope this Commission and this Diplo­ IN MEMORIAM proposals were very favorably received matic Conference will consider this subject BARNETT M. ROSSOFF-1889-1973 sympathetically and act to make it part of by the other delegates to the meeting. In international humanitarian law applicable Barnett Rossoff worked hard all his long accordance with usual procedure at con­ life. He walked erect with his head held high in armed conflicts. I regret that I will not be and was the soul of integrity in his personal ferences of this kind, no final action was here personally to assist in those delibera­ and business relationships. taken on any of the amendments at the tions and again express my thanks for this He came to America as a boy and im­ March meeting. All of the participating opportunity to address the Conference. mediately shouldered his pack as an itinerant nations will be allowed a year's time to peddler in the deep South. He became a carefully study the proposals. The next citizen and served his adopted country as a conference, tentatively scheduled for volunteer in World War I. After the war, he March 1975, should see the enactment of IF YOU THOUGHT THE LAND USE came North and went into business with amendments agreed to by all of the dele­ POLICY BILL WAS A MONSTROS­ modest success until the great depression. gates. ITY THEN THE SURFACE COAL Never admitting defeat, he picked himself up MINING BILL WILL REALLY and reestablished himself as an ample pro­ My primary interest in this meeting vider to his family. was directed toward the resolution deal­ DRIVE YOU UP THE WALL He had little formal education, but was ing with prisoners of war and the dead self-taught and had a very sharp mind. To and missing in action. I was privileged HON. CRAIG HOSMER his last day, when his tired heart expired, to speak to the entire convention on his mind remained keen and alert and full of OF CALIFORNIA thoughts for the welfare of his family. March 14, and introduce the U.S. resolu­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Several years before his passing, his entire tion on this subject. At this time, I would family and many relatives had the joy of like to insert into the RECORD a copy of Tuesday, June 11, 1974 helping him to celebrate the :fiftieth anniver­ that speech, which explains more fully Mr. HOSMER. Mr. Speaker, any Mem­ sary of his marriage to his loving wife, the U.S. position on the necessity for ber whose eyebrows were raised by the 18866 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 11, 1974 provisions of the land use policy bill members to the commission representing more plea.sure and less tragedy on our which was today denied a rule because New York City. Further, to see that Tri­ highways. Members believed it to be one sided will state discontinue supporting Federal Mr. Collins asked for my help in bring­ really be driven up the wall by the sur­ funding of activities in discriminatory face coal mining bill H.R. 11500. ing his message to the people, and I can suburbs. Tri-State should withhold ap­ think of no better way than bringing his That bill's single-minded focus on proval of grants to communities practic­ environmental values to the exclusion, words to the attention of my colleagues ing public discrimination through zoning. and their constitutents: and even the degrogation of energy and Second. To develop a plan for the end other values has made it an unworthy of segregation in the region. New York ONE-TENTH OF 1 PERCENT vehicle for consideration. City's planning commission has failed On my way home .from school one day in We need a good stiff bill regulating the year 1910, our local doctor stopped beside to examine the consequences on the city me and o:ffered me a ride home. I quickly surface coal mining. H.R. 11500 is that of suburban exclusionary zoning. The accepted and tried to act casual but I suspect all right, but it goes so far you cannot city planning commission should amend the good doctor knew my heart was pound­ dig coal with it. It is an extremist ve­ its master plan so as to include planned ing hard and fa.st. You see, in those days hicle. actions to make all parts of the region nobody ever thumbed a ride, the phrase was But, H.R. 12898 lays on just as much open to all its citizens. As the dominant to be unknown for many yea.rs to come. Any­ environmental protection, requires effec­ municipal force in the region, New York way the thrill of sitting up there with that tive reclamation of surface minded land, venerable gentleman and hearing the throb City should be playing a far stronger role and chug of that wonderful two lunger was yet does it in a manner which also allows in directing the planning of the region the most exciting thing that had happened coal to be dug and the Nation's energy and protecting the rights of minorities. to that ten year old boy. requirements to be met. Third. Because of the immense social, We hit the big hill wide open doing around H.R. 12898 will serve the Nation and economic, and political harm done to the twenty miles per hour. She gradually lost should be substituted for H.R. 11500 region and New York City by publicly momentum and in the middle of the steep which will disserve the Nation. sponsored economic and racial segrega­ part she ground to a stop. The goOd doctor did some clutch and gear grinding and she tion imposed by suburban zoning, New was ready to tackle the really steep part. York City should take the lead in attack­ He revved up and with a little chattering she ing the present State zoning enabling took o:ff and purred smoothly up and over SUBURBAN ACTION CALLS ON CITY legislation which empowers localities to the hill top at five miles per hour. TO CHALLENGE SUBURBAN SEG­ practice residential discrimination. The Needless to say I rode on and on until REGATION city should both attack that unconsti­ he asked where I wanted to get o.:ff, and I tutional act in the courts and seek to replied, still casual, "oh anywhere," so he let me o:ff and I walked the two miles back to HON. BELLA S. ABZUG have it repealed by the legislature. my home. I poured out the exciting story to OF NEW YORK Fourth. The city should challenge the my family and kept up a running chatter IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES right of corporations fleeing the city to until I finally dropped exhausted into relocate to communities where their mi­ slumberland. Tuesday, June 11, 1974 nority work force cannot find housing. The years passed swiftly by and I had many Ms. ABZUG. Mr. Speaker, testifying The move of corporations to such places opportunities to watch and to listen to the before the New York City Commission is in direct violation of title VII of the talk of the trade at local garages. I learned 1964 to take up motor bearings, grind valves and on Human Rights on May 15, Paul Civil Rights Act of which prohibits reline brakes and became familiar with Davidoff, executive director of the Subur­ employment discrimination. The city model T transmission bands. ban Action Institute, called on the city to should seek to maintain the corporations By 1920 I had saved enough money to try "stop holding still for the (expletive in the city, but if they are to move, then to buy my first model T car. A school chum deleted) being given to it by the sur­ they should act so as to enlarge the abil­ owned a darned good coupe so I walked the rounding suburbs." In a statement before ity of their nonwhite work force and three miles to his home and the deal went a special hearing of the commission on their moderate income work force to find something like this. "Dismantling Discrimination: Problems means of remaining employed without Hi Joe, I heard your car is for sale. Answer. You heard right, I want to sell it. and Possibilities for Northern Urban having to travel great distances at high Question. I haven't much money but can Integration," Davidoff attacked what he time and dollar cost. we talk it over? defined as "de jure" residential segrega­ Davidoff concluded by stating that the Answer. I want to sell it, you don't need tion. He said: city has historically been the defender of much money. We would be m-0re comfortable in continu­ economic and racial minorities. It must Question. What kind of shape is she in? ing to call it de facto segregation because assert that role now, throughout the re­ Answer. Oh she's in good shape, lets take that would imply that there was very little gion. For what happens to the non­ a ride, you drive. we could do about it. But it is the laws, per­ whites and to the economic minorities Question. Oh no, you know your own car, mitted by the State and applied by the grow­ seeking residence in Suffolk, Bergen, or you drive? ing suburbs of the region that have zoned out Answer. Alright, get in-lets go. the poor. the working class, the non-white, Westchester, is of immediate concern to The car had a self starter and she started and increasingly the middle class. Through the well-being and future of New York right up and he drove at a comfortable speed discrlmlnatory zoning devices, these sub­ City. down through the village and when we urbs have taken away from the citizens of pitched down over the long steep hill he the inner cities their constitutional right of let her roll at will. I became concerned but freedom to travel and to locate in a place of THE TRAGIC TOLL OF HIGHWAY knowing Joe to be a level headed boy and their choice. And by so restricting the move­ ACCIDENTS famillar with hls own car I tried to tell my­ ment of the less affluent, have imposed on t'he self that he was in control. inner cities all of the economic costs at­ At this point I will tell you what condition tendant on the provision of public services was ready to trap us at the bottom of the to fam1lies that cannot pay enough in taxes HON. PETER N. KYROS hill. In those days of dirt roads you would to cover the costs of meeting their needs. OF :MAINE always find deep loose sand and gravel which IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES was washed down from the hill. This was al­ Davidoff-. whose nonprofit agency is ways a hazard in the dirt road era. actively engaged in a wide-scale attack Tuesday, June 11, 1974 We rolled into that loose sand doing twice against exclusionary zoning in the sub­ Mr. KYROS. Mr. Speaker, one of my the speed we should have and we :flipped urbs, told the commission that New York constituents, Clarence w. Collins of from left to right ln rapid succession which City's government could do far more absorbed some of our speed and we came to Freeport, Maine, has been deeply con­ a stop on our own four wheels, then I began than it has to cut the noose that has been cerned for most of his life with the tragic to breath again. placed about both its citizens and itself ton of highway accidents, both in terms Very little was said but I was busy think­ by the outlying suburbs. He recom­ of human lives and in property. In a ing. mended the following sets of actions: recent letter to me, he said: Joe's comment after this terrifying epi­ First. To see that the Tri-State Re­ I seem to hear a cry from the grave. It sode was, if I don't sell this car I'll kill my­ gional Planning Commission, which now seems to be a message for me to pass on, so self. I was full of enthusiasm and to be has only 1 of its 15 members represent­ that other young will not be sacrl:flcecl in able to own a ca.r seemed to me the most ing New York City, recognize the prin­ va.tn. If I can carry this message to enough wonderful thing that could happen to any­ ciple of one person, one vote and add people, we can all work together and bring body but this experience had shown me that June 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18867 the judgment, "or lack of it," could make all we are getting set to do something about One method of reducing our depend­ the difference in the world. Now I could see the old statistics. A Maine man has come ence on foreign oil that I have advocated and understand what Joe had said in the forward with a new idea in traffic safety is the development and production of beginning. "You don't have to have much which is designed to explode the old theory money." Now the point had been driven that a certain number of crashes must occur oil from our Naval Petroleum Reserve at home to me for all time. in order to maintain the proven statistics. Elk Hills in California. This became an The point was this, Joe was a bright boy In this new system, each one of us will extremely controversial proposition and and had worked hard and saved to buy that have real incentive to improve our driving in March I initiated an effort to dis­ car, only to find out that his lack of ~udg~­ habits and we will put Maine at the top of charge a resolution from the House ment make it a dangerous weapon in his the list and keep her there. This new idea is Armed Services Committee to authorize hands. on the drawing board and is subject to sug­ production at Elk Hills during the short­ My interest in cars kept me in aut<;>motive gestions, criticisms, changes, corrections, and age. repair work for many years and m fleet even ridicule, but we will still fight. Why? maintenance the practice of preventive Simply pause a few seconds and ask your­ I would like to add to the RECORD some maintenance paid off. I tried to help the self which path to take. According to the further explanation of my position on young drivers with now and then a word of present statistics, I will have a child or the Naval Petroleum Reserves since that caution-always remember when you are roll­ grandchild killed in a highway crash. On the time. Following is an article that ap­ ing, the best friend you have is the distance other hand, if I start to fight now my children peared in the New Republic on March 23, between your vehicle and the one ahead. and grandchildren will be assured of living 1974, my reply to that article, and my And so in the 1940's, a daughter of my a normal life span. I'll fight. employer was instantly killed when her car This new blue print is going to need ex­ testimony before the House Armed crashed into a tree and later on I lost a perts and study and testing but we will work Services Committee on April 11, 1974. nephew in the same way and there have been the bugs out and make it pay. We, already, have police in unmarked cars. Increase this The material follows: too many other instances where young people STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE who have only had their drivers license for a fleet and equip them with a camera and short time have gone out of control. speedometer in the rear deck which wil I be The President and three congressmen from You say these kids are taking dope and opened to a fixed position ( one inch to 1 % ") California, Alphonzo Bell, James Corman and drinking and you are partly right but not to allow the camera to focus properly. The William Ketchum, are leading a campaign wholly right. I am talking about one tenth of camera to be "clicked" by the driver and the to open the navy oil reserve at Elk Hills to one per cent. It is time we recognized the fact camera to turn automatically to the next private-not public-developmen.t. Under that we are not screening our applicants for frame. The speedometer to be fixed at the existing law, written to prevent a repetition this specific point and until we do, we are proper angle and what do you have? You of Teapot Dome scandals, it can't be ex­ putting a deadly weapon in their hands, with have a tailgater, you have a closeup of him ploited except during a national emergency, which in times of stress they cannot cope. with his registration and rate of speed. You and Mr. Nixon tells us the "crisis has passed." I believe that with a simulated test the could take him to court but don't do it now; The last time anyone opened Elk Hills other applicants needing special help could be wait. than in wartime was during Warren Hard­ singled out and given that help. Simply have a printed form prepared for ing's administration, when the reserve was We are talking about human lives and I him. Fill in his name, address and phone leased fraudulently to oil magnate Edward beUeve that our loss in young people alone number. Explain to him that this picture Doheny. (His leases were subsequently can­ can be cut down at the very least one tenth proves beyond the shadow of a doubt that he celled.) But in 1970 Mr. Nixon began promot­ of one per cent. has broken the law and could be taken to -ing a plan whereby oil companies would give We are told that cancer and heart disease court and fined. Explain to him that we are the government certain leases of doubtful are our biggest killers and we know that re­ conducting a new safety pilot program and value in the Santa Barbara Channel, some search is constantly working toward a break that the penalties for this offense will be of which proved unusable after the famous announced in the newspaper at a later date. blow-out that soaked the beaches with oil, through. I suggest, instead of court that we set up and in return the government would give On the other band our highway crashes traffic schools and have the "repeater" come are going on at an ever increasing rate and the companies either money or an equivalent our highway and safety people are increasing in in groups "they pay the cost". I am sure in oil to repay their losses in Santa Barbara. their_ research and police personnel which we can make this work when we put vim and Either way, fabulously rich Elk Hills was vigor into it. The cost will be high but it still to be tapped to finance the transaction. Con­ is all good but we are still overlooking a vi­ will not cost half what we are now losing in gress was not impressed by the plan and it cious loophole. -life and property. The many benefits we will I believe that in these days of changing was set aside. What was not set aside was reap are beyond imagination. the President's request for immediate au­ old ideas and modernizing laws and systems We .must have enough men "and women" thority to open Elk Hills. The navy was per­ in many categories, that now is the time to in the field to keep these pictures coming bring aibout this modernizing of vehicle suaded that an emergency exists, approved ·so fast that Mr. John Q. Public will say to the request and passed it on to the Senate, driving aptitude. himself, "they have got me licked, there is which quickly drafted legislation. If we can cut down on these crashes one ·no way to ignore this one. If I am going to The legislation might have been approved tenth of one per cent we will be on the continue to drive and keep my license I have by Christmas if the meddlesome House Armed right road. got to drive like a human being. There is no Services Committee hadn't interfered. Rep. escape, they get those pictures all day long Edward Hebert (D. La.), chairman of the WILD TRAFFIC-AND ITS ANTIDOTE from the early morning rush to the rush committee, has a literal mind: no one would For as many years as I can remember it home after work". open Elk Hills until Hebert was convinced has been illegal to follow a vehicle too close People will give serious thought to this there was a national emergency. He turned and for just as many years, people have "tail­ new situation and the only conclusion will over the Elk Hills proposal to a subcommit­ gated," until today it has got out of hand. be: "I'll start ten minutes earlier and be tee "for study," which is to say, for burial. Many years ago, we received from the State sure". On March 5, however, Rep. Bell, former presi­ when we were issued a driver's license; a When this frame of mind has been brought dent of Bell Petroleum in California, and pamphlet which clearly stated the braking about, we will be ready for our new set of Rep. Ketchum, whose district includes Elk distance at different speeds and the number statistics. Hills, announced they were filing a "dis­ of seconds required to take your foot off The Highway Safety Man-Clarence W. charge petition" to force Hebert to release the gas and put it on the brake pedal and Collins. the bill. They have since been joined by push down. Just how far you traveled in about 25 cosigners, including Reps. Corman, those few seconds but, alas, we have failed to Drinan and Conte. The petition needs 218 get the message across. signatures to prevail. Tailgating has become such an obsession REDUCING OUR DEPENDENCE ON FOREIGN OIL Who would benefit? Consumers would today that a defensive driver does not have barely feel the effect, for the legislation would the margin of safety which he tries to main­ allow production of only one percent of the tain. HON. ALPHONZO BELL amount of gasoline used each day in the We have talked defensive driving for so United States. But the effect on California long and failed, it's pitiful. Our well trained OF CALIFORNIA oil companies would be tremendous, the chief and efficient police are doing a commendable IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES beneficiary being Standard Oil of Califmnia job but if we carry on the same way for an­ (Socal), the largest oil company in the state, other fifty years we will not improve our Tuesday, June 11, 1974 driving habits one iota. Why? Because we which owns about 20 percent of the land in­ Mr. BELL. Mr. Speaker, as many of my side the navy reserve. In 1944 Socal signed are snoozing along, feeling safe and warm colleagues are aware, I have devoted a and snug in our false security, but we are a special contract agreeing not to remove oil over-looking the obvious. good deal of time and effort to the policies from its part of Elk Hills without the navy's The National Safety Council keeps giving of the United States in developing its consent; that is, only in the event of a. na­ us figures on how many deaths and injuries energy resources. The severity of this tional emergency. Socal also runs the reserve to expect for each weekend and, of course, problem has r~eived considerable at­ for the navy, because it owns the only pipe­ Labor Day weekend is the worst. Well, now tention since last fall's oil embargo. line in the vicinity. 18868 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 11, 1974 When the administration wanted to trade removed 1.5 million barrels of excellent crude Third is the need for a long range study the Santa Barbara leases for Elk Hills four oil before it was stopped. At the free market plan in order to develop a sensible policy as years ago, Richard Kleindienst, then Deputy rate that oil was worth $15 million. After to the control and operation of our govern­ Attorney General, advised the White House proving that the company was draining the ment-owned oil and gas reserves. against it. His confidential memo, released on reserve, the navy went to court and won an I will take the points that you raised in March 7 by Rep. John Moss, shows that injunction against Socal on February 14. your article, 'Standard Operating Proce­ from the beginning both the White House Why does the President believe that Elk dure" in order, one at a time. At the outset, and the Justice Department were aware of Hills must now be opened? As noted the bill you imply that Elk Hills is to be opened "to the flaws in the Santa Barbara deal and of in Congress if passed would supply only private-not public development," and in Socal's monopoly position in Elk Hills. Klein­ 70,400 barrels of gasoline a day in a country saying this, you raise the spectre of another dienst, writing to Robert Mayo in the budget that demands between six and seven million Teapot Dome scandal. office, pointed out that Socal had large in­ barrels a day. It wouldn't lower the price of When the phrase "open up to private de­ vestments in the troubled Santa Barbara gas, because under present regulations the velopment" is used, one would be led to be· Channel, and that an increase in Elk Hills Elk Hills oil would be sold at the free market lieve that at least 51 % of the oil field is production would probably damage the re­ rate, about $10 a barrel. But it would help owned or controlled or would be owned or serve. He described Socal's monopoly in the the California oil industry and some of the controlled by private operators. This is not clearest terms: ". . . the question is whether President's friends at Socal. They kicked in the case at Elk Hills! Approximately 80% of the navy can sell the oil on the open market about $163,000 for his campaign in 1972. the new-unitized Elk Hills field is owned by at a fair market price. While the navy could, If the Arab embargo is soon to be lifted, as the Navy or publically owned. True, Stand­ of course, purport to make the oil availa°Qle reported last week, the President's rationale ard Oil of California. (SOCAL) owns slightly on arms length competitive bids, lack of op­ for quick action on Elk Hills may be ren­ less than 20 % . So if Elk Hills production portunity for effective competition with re­ dered "inoperative." But basic decisions still were to be increased or "opened up" as you spect to oil on the reserve would prevent have to be made. As panic subsides Congress say, you would be opening it up much more establishment there of a. fair market price. can more coolly consider whether there are to public than private production. I suppose Standard Oil Company of California is in a not better ways to dispose of public-owned the Navy could, and perhaps should, have controlling position with respect to such oil oil than by dumping it into the tanks of bought or condemned SOCAL's 20% of the sales . . . Standard owns the only pipeline the nearest monopoly. A public corporation Elk Hills field. The fact remains, however, connected to the field, which any purchaser of the sort envisioned in Sen. Adlai Steven­ that this was not done. son's energy bill (82506) is the appropriate of Elk Hills oil must use for the first link The proposed .tr.a.de of the Santa Barbara in transportation to any refinery. The Stand­ instrument to explore, maintain and exploit federal oil lands. The bill, now in markup oil leases for Elk Hills, which you mention ard line, however, is a private carrier, han­ in your article, is a long dead issue and need dling only oil owned by the company. Con­ before the Senate Commerce Committee, would set up an oil and gas company that not be belabored. Actually, in my opinion, sequently, in order to move the oil, any pur­ this proposal had little prospect of pas.sage chaser must make arrangements for sale to reports to but is independent of the federal government. The FOGC, as it is called, would and had doubtful merit. Standard and repurchase from it at the de­ As I described in my speech before the livery point. These factors constitute a. serious be entitled to 20 percent of all federal oil and gas leases offered each year, and it would House of Representatives on March 6, the limitation of the opportunity of competitors President, during the height of the energy of Standard to bid.'' become the prime contractor for all work on the reserves. It would end Socal's strangle­ crisis, requested that Congress increase the That warning went to the White House in production and development of the Elk Hills April 1970, but didn't stop the administra­ hold on Elk Hills and prevent similar mo­ nopoly exploitation at other reserves. Oil Fields to assist in e.a.sing the energy tion from pushing the Santa. Barbara. trade­ shortage of our Nation. The Senate Armed off. Nor did it stop the President from ap­ APRIL 11, 1974. Services Committee reported out such legis­ proving a special contract with Shell Oil lation which was ultimately passed by the for the sale of excess oil coming out of the Mr. ELIOT MAasHALL, The New Republic, Senate body on December 19, 1973. Because two bids for that contract, tendered by Shell of the inefficiency of the Navy and the lack and Socal. They were identical. Washington, D.C. DEAR MR. MARSHALL: A short time ago I of action by the House Armed Services Rep. Moss has released another batch of telephoned you regarding your article in The Committee, the field was not ready or capa­ confidential memos that give us a glimpse New Republic dated March 23, 1974 entitled ble of producing at its Maximum Efficient of Socal's inner workings. They reveal that "Standard Opera.ting Procedure". Rate or M.E.R. and, therefore, could not Socal executives in San Francisco have been I felt the article, though well intended, immediately produce enough oll and gas to trying since 1970 to find a way to tap oil was inaccurate in both fa.ct and implication. meet the needs of an emergency as was the pools under its property which run into the You very courteously offered your column intent and purpose of the oll reserve. But reserve. If they were tapped they would cost for my reply, for which I thank you. Even within a year, if the Navy had acted ex­ the navy not only oil, but extra. maintenance though the energy crisis has now eased and peditiously, a pipeline could have been built fees paid to Socal. Most of the discussion in the long lines waiting for gasoline have dis­ and controlled by the Navy th.at would these memos turns on the problem of how appeared for the most part, I do feel a. fuller have been capable of shipping at least 200,- to drill close to Elk Hills without alarming discussion of the matter would be in the pub­ 000 barrels a day of production to several the navy or exciting the interest of its legal refineries in Bakersfield. team. A company recommendation of June lic interest, if for no other reason (God for­ bid) than that the Arabs or others could In March, some experts were predicting a 21, 1973 says, "This play [exploratory drill­ force another shortage upon us. gasoline shortage for at least five years. The ing) should be given further detailed review from an operating standpoint to determine Please find enclosed: ( 1) a. speech I made long gasoline lines were prompting Amer­ how far a.way from the boundary of the re­ on the Floor of the House of Representatives icans to demand answers to this energy serve drilling and production could be kept, on March 6, 1974, which was during the shortage, and within a year, if operated ex­ -and how long a. time might go by before height of the Arab embargo, and is self-ex­ peditiously and efficiently, Elk Hills produc­ evidence of potential drainage of the reserve planatory, (2) a further discussion of why tion alone could have made the State of might become evident." A memo in July the discharge petition introduced by Con­ California self-sufficient in oll production written by John Thacher, then assistant to gressman Corman, Congressman Ketchum, and could have provided 10% of the needs the chairman of the Socal board, warned Congressman Conte and Congressman Bell, for our Nation. -against drilling too close to the reserve: "I during the energy crisis, should have been This then would not have been a veritable think we should exercise extreme caution supported. drop in the bucket, but rather a substantial before drilling locations to the south of the With every good wish, I am aid in solving the energy crisis. When one Sincerely yours, initial well .•.•" In another memo written realizes that California produces approxi­ just before Socal made up its mind to drill ALPHONZO BELL, mately 900,000 barrels a day while the de­ near the reserve, Thacher proposed defend- U.S. Congressman. mand is nearly 1,200,000 barrels a day, Elk 1ng the action, if challenged, by saying that Hills could have eliminated California's the drill site at "7-R" was chosen because ELK HILLS DISCHARGE PETITION self-sufficiency problem, thus easing the Socal thought it would do the least damage There were three issues involved (at least gasoline difficulty for other states. of several sites being considered. Thacher one of which is still very much alive) in the Elk Hills production controversy. The purpose of the discharge petition was was overruled by the president of the com­ to get 60,000 barrels a day production (this pany, Harold J. Haynes, who argued that First is the need for this sources of energy by both the military and the civilian econ­ converts to approximately 1,890,000 gallons Socal might want to bite deeper into the omy, and the stifling of this need by the of gasoline) started immediately. The Navy reserve later on. Socal wanted to move dis .. House Armed Services Committee. would then have built, or would have ar­ creetly; it also wanted to move quickly, as Second ls the apparent inabllity of the ranged t.o have built, a pipeline to Bakers­ one memo said, because this "could allow Navy to efficiently operate and assess the Elk field. This could be done I The oil and gas considerable production before government Hills Oil and Gas Reserves, thus inadver­ could then be sold at the pipeline end, to the reacts." tently rendering the field incapable of meet­ highest bidder. The likelihood is that In­ The gam.e plan was a success. With negli­ ing its maximum efficient rate of production dependent oil companies would be wllling to gible explorat.ory and legal costs, Socal sank to satisfy the needs of an emergency situa­ pay "bonuses" for oil and, therefore, could _10 wells next to the reserve last year and tion as prescribed by law. be the most likely Winners. Most of the June 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18869 time majors carry on a practice of not pay­ reacting to drainage, then I hold that it is the on foreign petroleum and we have no guar­ ing bonuses because it tends to cause trou­ Navy's fault. Nearly every small underfi­ antee that we will not be subjected to fur­ ble in competing with other major com­ nanced oil company that I know reacts to ther actions of this kind. panies elsewh~re in the world. possible drainage by offset production. Why? What can be done to guarantee the United As to SOCAL's control of present pipeline Because production close to one's borders States an adequate supply of oil for both facilities, SOCAL is in no position to get usually means proven production. At ap­ present and future needs? difficult with the Navy, either at Elk Hills proximately $7.50 per barrel a company must First of all the federal government des­ or at the end of its pipeline. The Secretary react rapidly. perately needs to formulate an overall policy of the Navy has the power to cancel its op­ This whole argument merely strengthens with regard to the exploration, development erating agreement with SOCAL in six the view that the Navy is terribly inept and and production of domestic petroleum re­ months, not to mention certain condemna­ inefficient. Your article says SOCAL sank 10 sources. This policy should take into account tion powers that could be used if necessary. wells next to the reserve and the Navy al­ the projected demand for petroleum in this If the Elk Hills production were stepped lowed 1.5 million barrels to be drained. With country over the next several decades and up to 160,000 barrels a day or more, (some the controls the Navy has at its disposal, the determine to what extent we should rely engineers say that full development of the taxpayers truly have a right to demand bet­ on imports. Also, encouragement should be Elk Hills field would sustain an M.E.R. of ter protecion of their oil reserves. provided for exploratory efforts to find new 350,000 barrels a day) eventually Standard, If the Navy can justify operating its own sources of petroleum and other energy forms. with 20 % of the field would make money. oil reserves, then why shouldn't the Army, As part of the overall policy, the govern­ But the taxpayers of this Nation, with 80 % the Air Force, and the Marines have reserves ment should determine how it will handle of the field, would make a great deal more! as well? Under those circumstances it seems its own reserves to meet our oil needs during My understanding is that the money from that one federal agency would be in a better an emergency so that we can avoid, 1f possi­ the sale of oil is deposited into the national position to control all public oil reserves. ble, total dependence on the actions of for­ treasury. Therefore, at approximately $7.50 Even today, with the Arab embargo lifted, eign nations. per barrel, this money from the sale otf such it makes sense to discharge the Elk Hills res­ The concept of insuring that America's oil could be used to solve a great many so­ olution from the House Armed Services military -forces have an adequate supply of cial and environmental problems, or to aid Committee. Your fears of drainage and the petroleum during an emergency is commend­ in controlling our huge national debt. inefficiency of the Navy's procedures would able but I am afraid that should a real mili­ Relative to the statement that the oil re­ be allayed if our discharge petition were to tary emergency occur, American military serve would be lessened by increased produc­ be adopted. This will take the issue from the forces and the American public would be tion, this is true-true in any oil field. The hands of a few and bring it out before the sadly disappointed in the actual capability Navy, however, has more than 36 billion bar­ entire Congress. Only in this way will the is­ of these reserves. The Navy now controls rels of oil in Alaska and in their oil shale sue be debated and resolved, hopeofully, to seven reserves. Four are conventional pe­ reserves in Colorado and Utah. The develop­ the benefit of all the American people. troleum reserves and three are oil shale re­ ment of the methods of extraction of oil serves. Of the seven, only three are de­ from oil shale is nearly a reality. With these STATEMENT OF CONGRESSMAN ALPHONZO BELL veloped to the point where they could be reserves plus Elk Hills, Buena Vista Hills and BEFORE THE HOUSE ARMED SERVICES SUB­ placed in production within one year and Teapot Dome, the Navy has enough barrels COMMITTEE ON MILITARY INSTALLATIONS AND two of these three have been depleted to the of oil reserve to last it for 80 years. FACILITIES, MAY 16, 1974 extent that they are virtually useless as re­ Such reserve is particularly sizeable in view Mr. Chairman, I would like to thank you serves. of the Navy's gradual process of conversion and the other members of the Committee The one remaining reserve, Elk Hills, is to Nuclear Power, and the fact that in time for allowing me the opportunity to present currently capable of producing a maximum of emergency, either a civilian or military of 60,000 barrels a day within 60 days. After my views on the Naval Petroleum Reserves. one to three additional years, the reserve emergency, the Navy relies heavily on "ci­ For the record, I want to say that my ac­ vilian" sources of energy rather than on their could be operating at its maximum efficient tive participation and interest in the oil bus­ rate which is between 200,000 and 350,000 ''own.'' iness numbers approximately twenty years. Your article implies that major oil com­ barrels a day. One can easily see that if this I am a former President and Chairman of situation continued to exist a war or an­ panies, p~rticularly SOCAL, would be in a the Board of Bell Petroleum Company of other emergency situation could be over, be­ position not only to control the price of the California, and while I am not at the present fore Elk Hills could be brought up to the Elk Hills oil and gas at the well head, but time directly involved in the management point where the benefits of its maximum ef­ also at the end of the pipeline into, I pre­ of the company, I continue to own substan­ ficient rate (MER) of production could be sume in this particular case, Bakersfield. The tial stock in the corporation. felt. article also implies that Standard has al­ There is absolutely no business or personal Even this highest maximum efficient rate ready taken advantage of the Navy and pre­ advantage to me or to Bell Petroleum in a would not produce enough oil to supply sumably will continue to take advantage revision of government policy at Elk Hills half the military's daily requirements during through drainage. or any of the other Naval Petroleum Re­ peacetime. In wartime this production would I have previously stated that the Navy has serves. My views about the operation of t\J.ese supply less than one third of the military's adequate control machinery over SOCAL. It reserves transcend personal or business as­ estimated requirements. Clearly the naval is necessary, however, that the Navy be alert sociations and deal solely with the public petroleum reserves, if the military . were to enough to exercise such control. If they are interest. depend upon them, would not be adequate not, then I would suggest that a more effi­ I am not here today to dwell on the sub­ in a time of emergency. cient government agency take over the Elk ject of opening the Elk Hills Reserve to full As a nation, if we are to have reserves, and Hills operation. production. In March, I initiated an effort I believe that we should, then they should With respect to price controls, I would re­ to discharge House Joint Resolution 846 be developed and maintained in the most ef ­ fer you to the possible bidding proposal in­ from this Committee and bring it to the ficient manner possible. This 1s not currently volving "bonuses" that I mentioned earlier House floor for debate. Since that time, I the case with the Naval Petroleum Reserves. in this report. have made several public statements about The Navy and the Interior Department have The remainder of your article deals with my position on this issue. allowed the reserves to be drained by pri­ the question of drainage. The "cloak and dag­ I will discuss, instead, what I believe vate oil companies. As I mentioned earlier, ger" concept of drainage that I find in the should be the policy of the federal govern­ two of the four petroleum reserves have been article I believe, however, borders on the ment toward the Naval Petroleum Reserves almost completely depleted through drain­ ridiculous. I am no defender of major oil and how I feel this policy should be carried age. It appears that some of the Navy's re­ companies. In fact, the reverse is true. I have out. sources at Elk Hills are being drained and spent a large part of my business life in dis­ To begin with, I have no quarrel over the the Navy has taken the matter to court. I agreement with majors. It is highly unlikely, need for oil and oil shale reserves. A clear am not sure at this point in time as to however, that a major oil company could sur­ fact brought out by the recent fuel shortage whether these matters have been fully ad­ reptitiously drill and produce neighboring ls that our known and developed petroleum judicated by the courts. Even though there land. Such actions would be listed in the reserves are being depleted. The government has been almost no development of the State of California Division of Oil and Gas must take steps to insure that new sources Navy's vast reserves in Alaska, there is al­ Reports which are made by all operating com­ of petroleum products and other energy ready a controversy over possible future panies in California. The Navy, through its sources are found and made available for drainage. unitization contract with Standard, is in a our future needs. I believe that Congress must also share position to demand such information. On the other hand, we should not use the blame for the condition of the reserves. There is also court action that one abused this future need as an excuse to reserve our There has not been enough attention and partner could take against another. I under­ known sources of petroleum without ade­ monetary wherewithal given to the develop­ stand that at present time there is such liti­ quate development, so that when faced with ment of the reserves at Elk Hils. I was en­ gation pending between Navy and Standard. a serious need for energy we are incapable of couraged by the recommendations made in Furthermore, 1f drainage is proven, Navy has making adequate use of our reserves. The the report of the Armed Services Investigat­ the power to bring new property under its embargo has now been lifted but we should ing Subcommittee on November 13, 1973. Jurisdiction. not be fooled into believing that our energy That report recommends that immediate ac­ If the Navy should delay too long before crisis ls over. This country is still dependent tion be taken to bring the reserves to a 18870 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 11, 1974 suitable condition of readiness and t hat Con­ Third, that this pipeline be of sufficient WHERE DOES IT ALL GO? gress give favorable consideration to fund­ size and capacity capable of handling sub­ In 1968 a total of 60.6Q was divided on a ing for exploration and development. This stantially increased production. percentage basis as follows: industrial 21.2 %, action is long overdue and it is a step in the Fourth, that the Navy place itself in the transportation 25.2 %, residential 19.2% , com­ right direction. position of controlling this pipeline outlet. mercial 14.4%. An itemized breakdown is Now I would like to focus my attention Fifth, that the Navy proceed to stake out shown in table 1. Items flagged with an on the question of having Naval Petroleum locations for the drilling of additional devel­ asterisk are non-energy uses of petroleum Reserves. Though these reserves are intend­ opment wells, to adequately explore and de­ such as lubricants, cleaning solvents, and ed to be used for national defense purposes velop the Naval Reserve at Elk Hills. chemical ingredients of plastic products. By and not strictly limited to Navy use, it is Sixth, that the Navy con sider seriously 1970 this amount had reached 4.2Q and has apparent that they would not be capable of terminating it s operating agreement with been estimated to become 9.2Q in 1985. fulfilling the military's needs. The military Standard of California to the extent that needs. The milit ary services would still draw the Navy wit h the 80 % interest becomes the TABLE 1.-ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN THE UNITED STATES more than half of its pet roleum supplies operator and actively direct the operations BY END USE, 1968 from the civilian economy. Dm·ing conflicts at Elk Hills Naval Reserve. in the past, the civilian market has always In general, I believe that the Federal Gov­ rallied behind the defense of our nation and Consump­ Percent of ernment has long neglected the need to es­ tion, Q total provided the necessary pet roleum supplies, tablish a policy for the development and re­ and I am sure that this will con tinue to be serve of our nat ion's petroleum resources. It the case in the future. has taken an energy crisis and an Arab oil Industrial: I might also add that since the Navy does Process steam______10. 1 16. 7 embargo to bring this matter to the atten­ Direct heat_ __ ------6. 9 11. 5 not own or operate any refineries, it is totally tion of the American people and the Con­ Electric drive______4. 8 7. 9 dependent on the privat e petroleum indus­ gress. We learned that the government's oil Feed stock'------2.2 3.6 try. The Navy must sell its oil to a. com­ El ectrolytic processes______• 7 1. 2 reserves are owned and operated by the Navy Other______.2 • 3 mercial refinery and then buy its supply of and that these reserves, for the most part, refined oil or products on the commercial are not capable of supplying the necessary Subtot aL ______------25. 0 41. 2 market. The fact is that the Navy owns oil oil production in a national emergency. ======lands but in an emergency it would still be The Congress should take immediate action Transpcrtation: buying all of its petroleum supplies from Fuel- --- ___ ------15. 0 24. 9 to evaluate the need for the Naval Petroleum Raw materials'··------.1 • 3 private industry. Reserves. If we determine that they should In establishing petroleum reserves, we be retained in their present form, then we Subtotal ______------15. 2 25. 2 should look toward the development of Na­ ======should proceed as quickly as possible to de­ Residential: tional Petroleum Reserves which would be velop them for emergency use. If it is deter­ Space heating ______6. 7 11. 0 capable of immediate product ion during a. mined that they should become part of a Water heating ______1. 7 2. 9 national emergency. This, of course, would Refrigeration ______• 7 1. 1 larger overall National Petroleum Reserve Cooking ______.6 1.1 include national defense purposes. I believe (which incidentally is my belief), then we Air-conditioning______• 4 • 7 that this would be a more rational overall should proceed swiftly on this course. In any Clothes drying______• 2 • 3 policy than having individual agencies hold­ event, we cannot afford to sit by and do Other______1. 2 2.1 ing reserves for their own use. nothing. Thank you. Sub tot a1. ______. __ _ _ ------11. 6 19. 2 Another point that I wish to make is that ======we need to determine what resources are best Commercial: suited for short term reserves and which are Space heating ______4. 1 6. 9 desirable as long term reserves. In making ENERGY FOR TOMORROW Air-conditioning ______1.1 1. 8 Feedstock'------1.0 1.6 such a determination we should realize that Refrigeration______• 7 1.1 we should be, and probably will be, con­ Water heating______• 7 1. 1 stantly developing new and more efficient HON. WENDELL WYATT Cooking.------· -·····-· • 1 • 2 Other •••••••• ------· 1. O 1. 7 sources of energy. This may eventually re­ OF OREGON duce our dependence on conventional oil and Sub tot aI..______------8. 8 14. 4 gas discoveries and development as we know IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ======them today. Tuesday, June 11, 1974 Total..______60. 5 100. 0 I feel strongly that we should either pro­ Mr. WYATT. Mr. Speaker, earlier this duce the oil that we now have located in 1 Entries are roul)ded so totals may not sum. underground conventional deposits or at the month, I had printed in the RECORD a very extreme, hold it as a short term reserve. report on oil shale prepared by Mr. Gerry WHERE DOES THIS ENERGY COME FROM? It is not a good :practice to hold back pro­ Reiner of the Bonneville Power Admin­ A breakdown for 1970 shows: natural ga.s- duction of proven oil fields for a long period istrj,tion while he was interning in my 24.3Q, petroleum-23.9Q, coal-13.5Q, hydro­ of time without adequate development. Cor­ office under the · Interior Department electric-2.7Q, nuclear-0.2Q. An additional rosion and drainage are a constant problem management development program. I 4.2Q of petroleum went for lubricants, etc. that one would face under such circum­ Proven 1970 crude oil reserves for the U.S. stances. An oil operation is a dynamic type extend to my colleagues the second of his were 215 Q. With no increase in present con­ business, not static. The best answer to pre­ reports, entitled "Energy for Tomorrow." sumption, and no imports this would supply serving oil reserves for emergency use, and This report surveys the overall scope of our oil needs for about eight yea.rs. The en­ for future use, is to adequately develop America's future energy needs and dis­ tire addition of the Alaskan North Slope oil known reserves, and then constantly explore cusses the problems and promises of our fields is but 55.7 Q of the 215 total. for new reserves. major energy alternatives. I found it Natural gas is at a similar disadvantage. Oil shale or coal, on the other hand, are most interesting, and hope you find it The 1970 known reserves were 265 Q, of much more suitable as a long term rather which 26.8 Q are contained in the North than short term energy reserve. Oil shale will likewise. Slope. This could last for 22 years with no remain intact in the ground over an extended The report follows: increase in present use. ENERGY FOR TOMORROW period of time and it cannot be drained. At WHAT ABOUT INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF the present time we la.ck the sufficient tech­ As the U.S. begins grappling with the now RECOVERY AND EXPLCRING FOR NEW ADDITIO NS? nology to retrieve this oil in an economically visible problem of energy shortages it may be and environmentally sound manner. Exten­ appealing to assume that some easy answer These actions will indeed expand our en­ sive research is being conducted on the pro­ is just around the corner. There isn't any. ergy reserves and should be undertaken but duction of oil shale and I am confident that Any real solution can be, at best, supplying should not mask the fa.ct that we a.re swiftly we will have the necessary technology within demand in the eighties and then only with running out of oil and natural gas. Sufficient the next few years. I believe that for the long unrelenting planning, unyielding priority, reserves must be left "on deposit" for future term, oil shale, coal and nuclear and solar and unpleasant persuasion. non-energy use. Even with a complete dis­ energy resources should be developed to their A convenient unit of energy, the British regard for the generations to come, present fullest potential. Thermal Unit or BTU, is the amount of heat usage would squeeze out the last drop of all In summary, I have a few suggestions to energy which will raise the temperature of our oil in 50 years, natural ga.s in 39 years. make as to specific and in general. one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit. But the simple truth is that U.S. con­ · First, I believe that the Navy should see One quadrillion BTU, that is ten raised to sumption has been doubling every twenty to it that its facilities at Elk Hills should the fifteenth power, can be labeled Q. Total five years for the last hundred years. Eco­ be improved and brought up to date for pos­ U.S. consumption for 1970 was 68.8Q. nomic growth is energy dependent. The ratio sible emergency use. In the past, consumption has doubled every of energy cost per dollar of gross national Second, that it proceed to arrange for the twenty five yea.rs: 1985-5Q, 1900-lOQ, 1925 product (GNP) has not varied much during building of a pipeline facility from some over 20Q, 1950--almost 40Q, 1975 say 80Q. the 1900's. With the 1958 dollar as a refer­ point on its Elk Hills properties to the city There is every reason to believe that for the ence this ratio has dropped from a high of of Bakersfield, or at some point easily mar­ year 2000 energy of 160Q or more should be 140,000 BTU per GNP dollar in 1920 to a low ketable to local refineries or other pipelines. forecast. of 86,000 BTU per GNP dollar in 1965. While June 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18871 a mathematician could project this trend to complete changeover to nuclear, solar, and Ocean thermal gradients, or temperature a possible 80,000 BTU per GNP dollar as geothermal sources will be postponed with differences, can be used to run a solar sea achievable some time in the future, there are disastrous results. For any planned change­ plant when water temperature differences of three reasons to expect this trend to reverse. over to proceed on schedule it may be neces­ 20° C or more are available together with suf­ First of all the efficiencies of electrical gen­ sary to create economic benefits which are ficient water currents to maintain the cycle. eration and mass production have been im­ not there to begin with. Possibilities include Suitable locations for the U.S. can be found proved to the point where significant gains subsidizing research, construction, and oper­ near the Florida coastline. A refrigerant such can not be expected. Secondly the concern ation of the new sources. On the other hand as ammonia is circulated from a boiler, thru for environmental quality has begun to re­ taxes could be increased for the use of oil, a turbine generator, to a condenser, and then duce the efficiency of such things as auto­ natural gas, and eventually coal to coincide returned to the boiler. This closed system mobile engines, plants burning high sulfur With the planned phasing out of fossil fuels. circulation is pumped by warm water (25° c coal or oil, and industrial output in general. These methods can anticipate the higher intake, 23° C exhaust) at the boiler and re­ The third element to consider is the cost of energy costs of the future and accommodate turned by cold water (5° C intake, 7° c ex­ energy itself. Have not the easily found and the new forms on a "pay as you go" basis. A haust) at the condenser. Since more water recoverable sources of oil, gas, and hydro­ bitter pill to swallow now when natural must drop 2° Cat the boiler than raises 2"' c electric power been exploited? While there is gas, for instance, is so cheap to obtain and at the condenser the net effect is a slight oil in Alaska it cost more to find and will easy to use. cooling of the ocean itself. cost more to tap and ship than the fields of What can we expect from nuclear sources? In addition the downstream current has Texas. As an example the relative price (1958 There are three types of nuclear plants which acquired a more uniform temperature, which dollars) of electricity dropped 27.5% from are discussed but often mistaken for each is known as entropy. 1950 to 1970. In this time the price of whole­ other. Conventional fission reactors are the Organic growths and wastes can be used sale oil products declined 26.4 %, These cte­ kinds in operation today. The fuel is U235 to produce oil, gas, and fertilizers. Although creases turned into increases in 1970. When which ls only 0.7 % of uranium ore. Over 99 % the cost of farm land may prohibit its use available, oil from the Persian Gulf will show of the ore is U238 which is useless in this for growing fuel crops such as corn or po­ drastic price increases with time. All things form as a fuel for conventional fission reac­ tatoes which are later fermented for alco­ considered the costs, (1958 dollars) of energy tors. Radioactive wastes from these reactors hol, there may be enough sewage ponds to in any form will be going up-up-up. must be isolated for about 500 years. Esti­ support algae production for a similar pur­ IF THE USE OF OIL AND NATURAL GAS MUST mates of 500,000 cubic feet in isolation are pose. Organic wastes have also shown their INEVITABLY COME TO AN END WHAT ARE WE made for the end of this century. ability to yield oil and gas by fermentation, GOING TO USE? Breeder reactors take advantage of the fact chemical reduction, or pyrolysis methods. that U238 can be converted into plutonium Perhaps the main impediment is that urban Before the end of oil and natural gas it is (Pu239), another fissionable fuel. Although organic wastes are found mixed with other to be expected that their usage will increase! conventional fission reactors may convert matter from which they are not easily sep­ Short range solutions will include adding re­ 2 % of the U238 uranium to plutonium, a arated. Because waste disposal is itself a finement capacity, off-shore exploration, and breeder reactor designed for this purpose problem, these methods may become more increased production from all sources. A may convert up to 70 % . Breeder reactors do appealing but for now the cost is too high crash program may permit supply to catch not make their own fuel, as is widely be­ for the fuel produced. up with demand. Demand, that is, for ex­ lieved. But they could increase the world's The sun shines upon the earth with the pensive energy since the era of low cost usable uranium by a factor of 30 to 50. immediate consequences of light and power has ended. During this period of time Technical problems of the breeder include warmth. Successful designs have demon­ we have the opportunity to plan for and be­ radioactive wastes and temperature control. strated that this sunshine can be used for gin guiding the country towards alternate Waste materials contain plutonium, which heating buildings and !or hot water produc­ energy inputs. requires an isolation period of several hun­ tion. The problem is again economic-there The first intermediate step away from oil dred thousand years. Without high energy is no inexpensive way to save heat for night and natural gas is a return to coal. There levels the breeding process is quenched. To use or cloudy day use. Even with high costs, are three reasons for this approach: quan­ maintain the desired breeding level, coolants solar heat may yet prove competitive espe­ tity, access and control, and adaptabillty. such as liquid sodium or 1ts equivalent are cially in the southern U.S. since it can also Huge amounts of coal are available for our necessary. Technological advances in high be used to run air conditioners which con­ present and future needs. A fair estimate is temperature insulation, control, and mate­ tinue to take larger portions of the nation's 4,400 Q of usable coal within the U.S. When rial strength are beneficial to breeder design. energy. compared to our proven oil reserves of 215 Q Whereas conventional and breeder reactors A similar but different concept is the con­ and natural gas of 265 Q the quantity of coal work on the principle of fission, breaking version of sunshine to electricity by solar resources ls reassuring. The second favorable down the atom to release energy, the possi­ cells. Although the cost and operating time aspect is the location of the coal within the bility of releasing energy by combining difficulties are similar to sol11,r heating, there U.S. A return to energy self reliance must atomic particles and converting the leftov­ are many electrical loads in the electro­ begin with increased coal production. Coal ers to energy is the principle of fusion. Al­ processing industries which would not suffer is adaptable. Today we use heating oil in our though fusion reactors would duplicate the from intermittent power cycles. The cost of furnaces, electricity in our lights, and gaso­ activity of the sun itself, it is a challenge to construction, operation, and maintenance of line in our cars. Coal can be used to gener­ duplicate and contain the sun's tempera­ such a system is not yet competitive with ate electricity; it can be processed into oil ture which is a condition of the process. other forms. Maintenance of any solar system and gasoline. But it does not stop here. At One of the rewards offered by fusion is the may prove to be so technical that the small­ low cost and high efficiency coal can now be almost complete harmlessness of the waste est unit would be a community plant sup­ processed into hydrogen. Hydrogen, in some products. At best, controlled fusion can be plying either heat or electricity. form, will be the basic burnable fuel of the termed a long range possibility. Current re­ Geothermal power can be obtained from next century. search is directed towards designing a sys­ natural sources of steam, high pressure hot As a supplement to other sources of oil the tem which satisfies the mathematical re­ water, and hot rocks. Heat from these sup­ U.S. also has a sizeable quantity of usable quirements of controlled fusion. These solu­ plies is used to spin electrical turbines. A oil shale. Economic recovery of 464 Q is pos­ tions are all dependent upon materials and limited number of these plants are oper­ sible with more than 70 % located on Feder­ engineering techniques which are, them­ ating throughout the world including ally managed public land. selves, yet to be discovered. For the near 184MW of capacity at The Geysers, Cali­ These interim steps must eventually future nuclear fusion is a long-shot. fornia. yield to more permanent solutions to the Solar forms of energy have been proposed Removing large quantities of water or energy problem. Those holding the most because of the absence of both material steam from underground reservoirs raises promise are nuclear, solar, and geothermal. wastes and thermal pollution. This energy five environinental questions. These are the It is reasonable to expect a combination of can be harnessed in many forms, all of which mineral content, ground settling or earth­ these forms to balance the future supply­ are "run" by the sun. These include power quake dangers, noxious gas release, well demand equation. Total reliance on one from wind, ocean temperature differences, blow-out, and heat rejection. As a compari­ method alone is analogous to the horse pla.y­ organic growths and w:astes, solar heat con­ son ocean water contains 3.3 % of dissolved er backing the favorite entry, a go-for-broke version, and electric generation by solar cells. minerals by weight. Geothermal sources vary venture which the prudent provider takes Of these possibilities the one which stands from nearly fresh water to a mineral level steps to avoid. out as the easiest to design and cheapest to of 30 %. Not only d:o the salty waters cause Each of these energy forms has its share try is the windmill generator. Details of this corrosion problems on metal turbine parts of advantages and disadvantages. Perhaps technique have been recently published by but waste water disposal involves reinjection the single largest factor inhibiting develop­ Professor William Heronemus, University of through a separate deep earth hole. ment of each is the economic element. It has Massachusetts. One drawback of this method As the water or steam removal from a geo­ been cheaper and less risky to burn oil, nat­ is the storage requirement for maintaining thermal plant continues, the earth may set­ ural gas, and coal. Economic realities will output during times of little or no winds. A tle in the area near the activity. This has always dictate use of the least expensive en­ way to overcome this objection may be to alwa~ been a problem for oil extraction and ergy resource. Should the cost benefits of introduce it to a predominately hydro-pow­ the mining industry so this problem is not fossil fuels retain their historic advantage a ered system. new. Water removal from deep underground 18872 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 11, 1974 sources may additionally involve the earth drogen with electricity are unfair. Elec­ in a liquid form, were it not for the -423° F in some earthquake activity. tricity levels of 115, 230, 345, 500, and 1500 temperature at which it boils. Liquid hydro­ The extraction of deep earth water is of­ KV are used for long distance transmission. gen implies expensive refrigeration and ex­ ten accompanied with noxious gases. Car­ Test lines at the 1200 to 1500 KV level are tensive insulation. bon dioxide, methane, hydrogen sulfide, and being erected for energization and analysis. Automobile use of hydrogen fuel is pres­ ammonia flow from The Geysers in Cali­ It has been found that the higher the volt­ ently facing a similar obstacle. The difficul­ fornia. Stainless steel linings are used to age of transmission, the greater has been the ties of hydrogen in liquid form eliminate this control corrosion. If output at The Geysers economic benefit. There may be limits to the as a possibility. As a compressed gas hydrogen was increased to lOOOMW, about 100,000 general rule but right now the opera.ting has nowhere near the energy content of gaso­ pounds of hydrogen sulfide would be re­ 750 KV lines deliver more power at less cost line which can usually take a car 200 miles leased daily. This is comparable to the sul­ per kilowatt than any of their lower voltage before refueling. A special magnesium-alloy fur problem of a similar size fossil plant predecessors. When the first 115 KV lines hydride or other metallic hydride, which using low-sulfur oil. Although technology were built, technology did not permit the soaks up hydrogen like a sponge, may prove is available to reduce exhaust levels it is a construction of 500 KV lines because the to have the necessary storage capability, but matter of cost. Expensive pollution controls circuit breakers, transformers, and insula­ there remain several unsolved technical dif­ result in high cost energy. tors for this higher level had not yet been ficulties. Control of the well during drilling and developed. Where the known or anticipated Widespread use of hydrogen is perhaps de­ subsequent production can be difficult. Wells load can be supplied with one lower voltage pendent on one item more than any other­ do blow-out but are controlled with the line, it is so constructed. Like freeways, the production costs. The most direct and easiest methods of oil fields. Capping the escaping higher voltage lines have more carrying ca­ method of decomposing water is by electrol­ fluid may cause it to erupt nearby. pacity, but like two lane country roads, the ysJs. This technique gives electricity a head­ The last consideration is the amount of lower voltage lines also properly perform the start in the economic comparison between heat released by a geyser operation. Heat re­ limited service for which they are built. the two since some electricity is necessarily jection accompanies any thermal energy pro­ Eventually household electricity is reduced to wasted in the process. Hydrogen must prove duction which includes nuclear, fossil fuel, the 230/ 115 volts which is present in the elec­ to save enough during transmission and dis­ and geothermal. Because the pressure and tric dryer or lamp outlet in the home. Elec­ tribution to overtake this deficit or a dif­ temperature factors of geothermal plants are tric service is available and used in almost ferent production method is called for. The lower, the overall efficiency is also lower. every house in the U.S., from the heart of alternates available today include natural gas Waste heat is higher by a factor of three in New York City to the ranch in Montana. For or coal consuming processes which are comparison to a similar size fossil fuel plant. a valid economic comparison then, a new cheaper. Production costs of mass produced Whether or not heat loss is a major detri­ hydrogen system should be compared to a. hydrogen were recently computed in the 10- ment to the environment is debatable. new, equivalent electric system, designed 15c/lb neighborhood with fossil feedstock. As previously stated, energy is presently economically for similar capacity. The errors About 2.23 lbs of hydrogen is equivalent to used in the form of gasoline, fuel oil, nat­ in hydrogen thinking come from comparing one gallon of gasoline, which costs about ural gas, and electricity. Future develop­ a huge proposed hydrogen pipeline servicing 20-25c/gallon to produce. The necessary con­ ment and reliance on nuclear, solar, and geo­ selected end points, with the existing elec­ clusion is that for today gasoline is more thermal sources to power our homes and trical network servicing the nation. More economical. industries will inevitably result in more correctly the analysis should be cost com­ With the recent popularity of hydrogen as available energy but in what form? Most parisons of moving a large block of energy a modern energy form, scientists have de­ of these techniques produce heat which ls from point A to B, and from B distributing voted attention to heat dependent methods used to turn electrical generators. Some heat the energy in smaller blocks to points C, D, E, of production. The thermal process of Mar­ could be used directly for heating and cool­ etc. This type of comparison escapes many chetti is workable at temperatures a.round ing of the producer and user were neighbors. writers who compare electricity and hydro­ 700°c. This temperature ls not obtainable Or we could continue to use more and more gen on unequal terms. from today's reactors, solar converters, or energy in the form of electricity until the The properties of hydrogen which a.re de­ geothermal sources. A recent article in nation was 100% all electric. There is rea­ sirable include storability, portability, clean­ Science by Abraham and Schreiner describes son to believe that a portable, storable form liness of combustion, and pipeline convey­ a process which may operate below 500°0. of energy should be developed to comple­ ance. Nuclear plants are most efficient when It works on paper and may or may not prove ment electricity. The one candidate which operating with a constant load. Presently to be practical. But once research has shown is most often proposed is hydrogen. the up and down nature of the load is com­ that a practical cycle works at solar or re­ To compete with electricity, hydrogen pensated for with hydro, oil and coal fired actor operating temperatures the inter­ should be a cost-effective alternate. Recent generators. Solar plants a.re also incapable of mediate steps in the heat-electricity-hydro­ studies have shown that hydrogen may have timing output with load demand. What is gen chain are eliminated. A direct heat­ three cost saving features which electricity necessary, then, is a method to store sur­ hydrogen process is the key to low production lacks. These are the cost of long distance plus energy. Hydrogen can be stored in tanks costs and economic benefits. transmission and distribution, a much small­ and underground caverns and used when In conclusion the immediate prospects in­ er disruption of the environment because needed. dicate an energy shortage and higher prices. of the narrow underground pipeline right-of­ As a. fuel for air and ground transporta­ Swift development of coal and oil shale will way, and the portable fuel use for aircraft tion, hydrogen has shown that it will burn shorten the time of shortage but can not be and ground transportation which electricity clean. NASA is prepared to demonstrate the expected to roll prices back. The GNP will would be challenged to duplicate. feasib111ty of hydrogen as an aircraft fuel reflect these shorta.ges and costs because it is There is nothing new about hydrogen, with military airplanes. The success of the energy dependent. Were the nation to con­ which is the lightest of all molecules and hydrogen powered space shots ls evidence tinue burning the cheapest available fuel atoms. In its basic form the hydrogen atom that hydrogen is a fuel which can be packed­ with no plans for changeover a. greater crisis has one proton and one electron. As a gas up for trips. would develop. Coal, solar, and geothermal hydrogen atoms are found in pairs. When In addition hydrogen can be supplied in· energy sources need the status and funding ignited it burns readily with a hot flame expensively through underground pipes which, until recently, have been exclusively as it combines w>i.th oxygen. After oxidation which need less right-of-way and do not alter reserved for nuclear. While the age of hy­ the united hydrogen and oxygen a.re none the visual aspects of the landscape. Although drogen, just as nuclear fusion, ls not yet other than water. There are several ways to modern electrical facilities include low volt­ upon us, the possibilities demand more than reverse this process, that is to break water age underground distribution cables for the present commitment. down to its hydrogen-oxygen ingredients. household use, the costs of high voltage un­ These methods depend on forcing energy derground transmission lines are exorbitant. upon the water molecule so that it becomes Future improvements in electrical insulation "disassembled." materials and cable opera.ting losses are not PREVENTING FOREIGN CONTROL This energy is retrieved when the hydrogen expected to soon overcome this detriment. OF VITAL U.S. RESOURCES is burned. An endless cycle of burning hydro­ Besides the many P.lusses which hydrogen gen and breaking down water is therefore an offers, there are a few drawbacks. Precaution­ alternate to electricity for supplying the out­ ary steps a.re necessary to prevent the hot HON. FRANK J. BRASCO put of nuclear, solar, and geothermal plants hydrogen fl.a.me from producing nitrogen OF NEW YORK oxide in the adjacent air. As a heat source it to the user. It should be clear that electricity IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and hydrogen a.re vehicles of energy, and as a would be preferable to use within a closed practical matter, consume more energy dur­ catalytic heater rather than an open flame. Tuesday, June 11, 1974 Natural gas contains about three times ing their production than what is yielded at Mr. BRASCO. Mr. Speaker, it is a fact the point of use, according to the efficiencies more heat energy, per standard cubic foot, of the cycle processes. than hydrogen. Although actual pipe sizes that in recent years, and in increasing Before describing the usual list of advan­ for equal energy delivery are comparable, the numbers this year, foreign investors tages and disadvantages which the hydro­ hydrogen system would need about three have been invading America in O'l'der to gen prophets draw up, it should be noted. times as many compressors for pumping. This purchase significant segments of our that many economic studies comparing hy- shortcoming could be overcome by hydrogen economy. These investors, attracted by June 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18873 bargains made available because of the rities held or other ownership interest, Three months after he arrived in England current economic slump, have used sur­ and similar pertinent data. I forwarded his induction notice to him. plus capital to buy some rather atten­ Inevitably, such initiatives as are en­ Long before most of us realized it here, people outside the United States knew the tion-getting industries, companies, .and visioned and encapsuled in this legisla­ Vietnam war was a tragic mistake. The land areas. Among these people have tion will evoke a shrill outcry by those doubts with which Tom left Bethany re­ been British, Japanese, and most omi­ well-meaning people who see the "one solved themselves in England, and he wrote, nously, Arab buyers and investors. world" theory as mankind's sole hope for "I want to live here. I'm not coming back Here are a few of the prizes foreign peace and brotherhood. Yet I do not to join an Army." It seemed unreal the day investors have captured recently, and believe they are correct, nor will they be my phone rang and a voice said, "This is some of the buys they have made. Ku­ for some time to come. Other countries the F.B.l." wait has bought an island off Charles­ sharing this concept of control of foreign Later he wrote, "When I left the States investment have created similar watch­ I wanted to be alone-to think. In England ton, S.C. for $17.4 million in cash. Kuwait my mind has grown some. I've succeeded in also put up funds for a project in down­ dog entities to control foreign control of finding myself-the intention for coming town Atlanta, Ga., which includes a new their economies. These countries have al­ here. In the meantime I've evaded the draft, Hilton hotel. A Dallas builder is using ready enacted, or will enact, similar laws something I didn't intend to do on coming about $200 million in Middle East finan­ prohibiting noncitizens from acquiring here. I refuse 'To give my body as a weapon cing for a St. Louis apartment develop­ investment control, management control, of the war.' Donovan Lietch, in his song ment. Saudi Arabian investors have just or even acquiring securities in certain 'Universal Soldier' says: bought an Oakland, Calif. bank. A chain areas of national interest. And further, He's a universal soldier of New York State service stations has we must pay attention to the fact that And he really is to blame. been bought by Arabs. A British com­ with devaluation of the dollar and a de­ His orders come from far away no more. pany has purchased Grand Union stores. pressed stock market, America has be­ They come from here and there, Canadian interests have just recently come a thrift shop for foreign bargain And you and me And brothers can't you see bought a huge tract of land in New Jer­ hunters with money to spend. This is not the way to put an end to war. sey. The Swiss-based Nestle Co. has While most of these people are simply He's a universal soldier bought Stouffer's and Libby's. Foreign looking for profit, some of them wish our And he really is to blame. banks are expanding their network here country no good in a political sense, Without him all this killing can't go on. in quantum jumps. especially certain Arab countries. It is I wish I had listened and understood it Yet the U.S. Government has no idea essential that we be able to keep tabs on when it was written about four years ago. of the full extent of foreign investment their economic activities here, with a It is how I feel." in our economy, even though that com­ view to preventing any entry into areas He was proud of our space program and mitment is growing accordingly. The last where their country's foreign policy could wrote, "The moon-shot was incredible. The survey by the Department of Commerce create a conflict of interest for them. If English could never match it.'' He was able into this situation was undertaken in the United States, for example, comes to earn a living in England, but soon he 1959. Present law makes it simple for a into vigorous disagreement with an Arab was writing about meeting us in Canada. With a girl who shared his loneliness, he foreign investor to hide his true iden­ country in a foreign policy sense, and flew to Toronto where the sympathy, kind­ tity by using third party agents and that nation's nationals own a share of a ness, and trust of the Canadian people to­ other techniques in conjunction with critical industry, what economic deci­ ward the young, and his own ingenuity, en­ brokerage houses and banks. Clearly, we sions will they make? Will those decisions abled him to own a small, successful road­ cannot allow such a syndrome to gath~r benefit or harm the United States? We side snack-bar and crafts business. momentum without control and infor­ cannot take the chance. His friends, who drew high numbers in the mation as to what is the' true state of draft lottery and weren't inducted moved affairs. freely back and forth across the border. We, his parents and brothers, were P,ble to visit It is vital to bring into being legislation A MOTHER'S CONCERN ON THE one a year. But three years away from the which would expressly prohibit foreign TOPIC OF AMNESTY home he had loved, was a long time, and investment control or foreign manage­ with uncertain intention he drove across ment control of our Nation's vital inter­ the border with his wife and baby in the ests and industries. Two measures in the HON. RONALD A. SARASIN hope of spending a Thanksgiving holiday at Congress, which I have joined in sponsor­ OF CONNECTICUT home. A New Hampshire policeman, seeing ship of, would go a long way toward IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a long-haired, bearded young man with Can­ bringing this situation under control. adian license plates, stopped his car and Tuesday, June 11, 1974 radioed the F.B.I. He was taken to a New The first is the Foreign Investment Con­ Hampshire jail where he was stripped and trol Act. The second is the measure to Mr. SARASIN. Mr. Speaker, at the re­ quest of one of my constituents, Mrs. put in solitary confinement for thirty six establish a Joint Congressional Commit­ hours with a tin of water and four slices tee on Foreign Investment Control in the John F. Crowley of Bethany, Conn., I am of bread, then dragged down two flights of United States. presenting for my colleagues' informa­ stairs to have his hair cut and beard shaved. The first bill would establish a com­ tion the account of her son's decision The jailkeepers accepted notes from his wife, mission in the executive branch to moni­ regarding service in the U.S. Armed but never gave them to him. After six days, tor and control foreign ownership of real Forces during the Vietnam era: alerted by Tom's wife, my husband con­ AN OPEN LETTER ON AMNESTY tacted authorities in our home state, and property, resources, and industries in the they were able to extradite him to prison United States, while precluding foreign BETHANY, CONN. He was eager to begin living after twelve in Connecticut where justice was less arbi­ ownership control or management con­ years of confinement in a school system trary. trol of industries and resources deemed that was obedient to the wishes of parents Released on his own recognizance, he vital to our economic security and na­ who equated a successful life with money decided to put himself and his beliefs be­ tional defense. and a profession, a school system that stifled fore the court, but was told by his lawyer That commission would be empowered creativity and sought only conformity. He that he didn't have a chance of obtaining to order any foreign person or entity was capable of their kind of success and he conscientious objector status, and a long determined to have a controlling interest wasn't averse to intellectual pursuits, but prison term was a certainty. For the sake in an area vital to our national security he loved his work on a farm. He loved the o! his wife and daughter, he returned to real world around him and real people, and Canada. as determined by the commission to di­ he learned a lot from them. Again I encountered a hostile F .B.I. This vest himself from all or a portion of his After his graduation from high school he time, in our living room, flanked by pic­ holdings. tried various jobs and spent a semester in tures of two sons in army uniforms, I was The second measure would provide a college participating in R.O.T.C. and living warned, "If your son comes here again, you'll single source of data on foreign invest­ with his brother who was a Lieutenant in be arrested for harboring a fugitive." ment in America by setting up a registry the Army Artillery in Oklahoma. Anxious to Tom's two older brothers had chosen to of foreign investment. Foreigners owning step out in freedom-a freedom he was be­ enter the Army. Tom had decided not to. security or property directly or indirectly ginning to realize might be short-lived-his The fourth of our seven sons was caught, thoughts turned to the wider world he had like so many others, in that hopeless limbo would have to provide to the registry always hoped to explore. He purchased a between choosing to fight an immoral war information as to the nature and size of round-trip ticket to England, unaware that or suffertng the pain of exile that he saw tbelr endeavors here, amounts of secu- he might never be able to go home again. his brother suffering. 18874 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 11, 1974 Like so many others, he postponed life and PUBLIC REPORT ON THE MISSOURI approach the issue with an open mind as well · waited in apathy, seeking escape in drugs. TRAINING SCHOOL FOR GIRLS as an open mouth, keeping in mind that you He narrowly esCS\ped death as a direct result can go "inside" an institution and still re­ of those drugs; he was crippled physically and main largely "outside" of what's really ha.p ... mentally, a:::id eventually died from a motor­ HON. JAMES W. SYMINGTON pening there and tha.t sometimes things cycle accident. A few hours before his death OF MISSOURI aren't even as simple as they seem from the Dan wrote to Tom in Canada, ". . . the ties IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES inside. between most of us have kind of degenerated Our findings and recommendations are or broken up. What happened to the family Tuesday, June 11, 1974 presented as a first step to stimulate critical that prayed together? . .. I feel kinda sorry Mr. SYMINGTON. Mr. Speaker, on analysis, especially by those with public about a lot of things, like Vietnam, the draft, responsibility in this area. the Republican party and working for the several occasions in the past I have man here in the U.S.A .••• Mary and I shared with my colleagues in the House TREATMENT: BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION want to get out of what see~ to b~ a laby­ reports on the work of the Youth Advis­ The Training School for Girls calls its rinthal pattern . ... We'd sure like to buy ory Council of the Second Congressional treatment program "MANDATE," for "Modi­ land so we can build on it and farm it. Maybe District in Missouri. I established this fication and Accountability Training En­ Vermont where you can even put the rocks deavor." The chief element of the program to work for you.... Back to the land is what council, which is composed of represent­ is a. "behavior modification" system, em­ sounds beautiful.... W.: brothers have atives of all high schools in the Second phasizing positive reinforcement. Accord­ lacked communication. Getting together District, upon entering the Congress. ing to Ms. Van Walraven, "as much as pos­ could be the best thing that could happen The following report discusses a study sible (staff members) ignore the negative for us. . . . This Sunday I'll be twenty-two made by the Committee on Juvenile Jus­ aspects of a girl's behavior and reinforce the years old. . . , I guess I've still a lot to be tice of the Council on the Missouri positive." Girls receive points for good be­ happy about. I want to close this letter in Training School for Girls at Chillicothe, havior, and the points can be exchanged for the words of Teilhard de ChP...rdin, tt.at beau­ Mo.: room, board, recreation, clothing, and other tiful yet complex servant of God: privileges. This "token economy" is similar MISSOURI 'DtAINING ScHOOL FOR GmLs to a credit card system; girls carry cards The age of nations is past. AT CHILLICOTHE The task before us now, which are punched with points as immediate FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS reinforcers of good behavior. Points contrib­ If we would not peris:C, "This group of high school students can ute not only to material privileges, but also Is to build the earth. view the problem of juvenile justice as only to ultimate release from the institution. At 7:00 A.M. the next :norning, eight hours young people can; they allow us to see the Based on the number of points she earns in after he had entered the hospital in a coma, problems of youth through young eyes." a four week period. a girl is classified in one the doctors of Yale New Haven hospital de­ --Congressman JAMES w. SYMINGTON. of four "phases." Higher phases carry higher cided to pull the plug on the life support MARCH 31, 1974. privileges and more responsibilities, and each systems that had kept him alive---another This report was compiled by the Committee girl must move through the entire progres­ casualty of the Vietnam wr-. on Juvenile Justice of the Second Congres• sion of phases before being released. The F.B.I. put in another api,earance, this slonal District Youth Advisory Council. The It is very important to note that the pur­ time at our church rectory, asking the priest Council, created in 1971 by Congressman pose of this system ls merely to "tranquillze" if Tom had come down from Canada for his James W. Symington, is a non-partisan or­ the girls so that their behavior conforms to brother's funeral. We were told that they had ganization of students representing ea.ch social norms. Reinforcement ls given for made several inquiries around town about us high school in Missouri's Second District. The working, studying, completing assignments, at various times. opinions expressed herein are those of the dressing appropriately, being on time, being When the first prisoners of war came home, undersigned: clean, and not misbehaving. This modifies five years after he bought his round-trip Committee on Juvenile Justlce---Mark D. the girls' social behavior in the institution, ticket Tom wrote again, "I realize that the Whitener, Chairman, Webster Groves High but behavior modification techniques are not war isn't over but the start is good to see. School; generally being used to shape new patterns I listened and saw the greetings and home­ Anne Dempsey, Visitation Academy; of behavior for application to unique prob­ comings. I saw them desperately trying to Kathy McKean, Cor Jesu Academy; lems in the home environments of individual cover up the sin. I waited as they called all Douglas E. Phillips, Consultant, Princeton girls. For example, a. girl who ran a.way from the prisoners limping in-listening, waiting University. a noxious home environment and became for my name to be called. Nothing yet. Then It is easy to pass judgment on an institu­ pregnant ( a not atypical case) does not I saw the 'enemy,' they let them.go too, then tion without having seen it. Problems are learn how to cope with a negative environ­ I realized they forgot me, and inside ... was static, clean-cut, and very simple. Solutions ment or pregnancy merely by making her torn. He said, "Peace v-.;.th honour." I guess are obvious and eminently sensible: "modify" bed and going to school. The goal of the I was naive, but I felt some honour when the institution, "phase it out," or simply Chillicothe system is to create a positive, I sa.w his yellow and orang:} face on the "bulldoze it." Develop "alternative forms of peaceful environment in which larger "'prob­ color T.V. I fought for that peace but he treatment" (wha.t they will actually consist lems" can be handled by other means. Clear­ forgot. Didn't he realize that the patriotic of can be figured out later). In absentia ly, this is a. departure from behaviorist prin­ power of those who Samoa, Fiji, home environments. The people of Chilli­ effort to solve personal problems. We have and, of course, Guam, will gather to test cothe have accepted the institution and par­ attempted to show how the system at Chil­ their prowess in much the same manner ticipate enthusiastically in activities at the licothe is based on learning theory but does as do athletes in the Olympics. school and with the girls. not hold to that theory dogmatically. We do Since this is the first time that the The treatment program is preferable to believe that differential behavior classifica­ South Pacific games will be held on previous ones and to those offered elsewhere tions, made upon reception at the institu­ American soil, next year's games will in the state. While it could be improved, tion, would facilitate improved individual these improvements would best come within treatment. We realize that standard behavior offer a unique opportunity for young peo­ the existing framework. Our specific recom­ classification tests for girls are not as well ple from Guam to work with young peo­ mendations for changes in the treatment developed as those for boys, but we believe ple from at least 14 other Pacific areas. program will come in following recommen­ that the reception staff could develop an As an American citizen, I am proud that dations. informal set of classifications that would Guam will play host to the South Pa­ We agree with the State Board of Training give staff members a better idea of the gen­ cific games as I firmly believe that per­ Schools that community based treatment is eral approach that would be most effective for a particular girl. sonal communication is the best route preferable when possible; however, we be­ to better understanding between peoples. lieve that most of the girls who are now at Our only reservation about the reinforce­ Chillicothe simply must be treated outside ment approach is that; it may place too great Consequently, I have long supported of their homes. We fear that "community an emphasis on material reinforcement, bringing the games to Guam as an ex­ based treatment" may become synonymous rather than the reinforcement of personal cellent opportunity to show our fellow with "community based institutions" which satisfaction. An intricate token economy may Micronesians and other residents of the would be just like Chillicothe except that tend to suggest that one need do only what South Pacific how Guam, as an American they would have ten foot high fences around one is paid for. Dependency on material in­ territory, has progressed in recent years. them and would not have the advantage of centives can be over-stressed. Many of these In this day of rapid change, it is crucial an established, well-oiled plan of treatment. girls will return to environments in which Group homes and halfway houses are not the greatest reinforcement will be for crim­ that the future leaders of these areas sufficient for those children who need at inal behavior. Therefore, they need to de­ meet so as to better understand how the lea.st a brief exposure to a controlled environ­ velop a certain resistance to external pres­ destinies of Micronesia and other South ment. sures and a greater sense of individual in­ Pacific regions are often intertwined We are reluctant to favor the continuation dependence. Experiences in group therapy are with one another. of any institution unless we are positive helpful in revealing to the girls the satis­ Joining me in support of the South that it is actually helpful to the people who faction to be gained from positive social Pacific games is the 12th Guam Legisla­ are sent to it, not only enhancing their encounter but even these experiences carry ture, which recently enacted a resolution docility while they are there, but enhancing monetary value. Sunday activities in the their lives after they are released. We firmly community are true trust sessions, where reaffirming its wholehearted support for believe that the Training School for Girls the reinforcement is entirely non-material. the event which is scheduled to be held is such an institution and enthusiastically More such sessions are needed. Wilderness next summer. recommend that it receive the confidence experiences, such as hiking, rock-climbing, The legislature has been most inter­ and support of Missourians. canoeing, and camping should be under­ ested in bringing the games to Guam and taken. These experiences should not be gov­ 2. Governor Bond should visit and tour the erned by any material reinforcement schemes providing assistance. I salute the speaker Training School for Girls at Chillicothe be­ but should enable the girls to develop genu­ of the legislature and his colleagues for fore making any further decisions or rec­ ine trusting relationships. giving their support for the games. ommendations regarding the continued Planning and bringing together the operation of the school 6. A research component should be added to the Chillicothe program to identify the people and the resources for an activ­ No more in absentia analysis. No more re­ ity as complicated as the games is, of mote control recommendations. If he's going program's goals and evaluate its success in to pass Judgment, he ought to take a good achieving those goals course, not the work of one man. It has look at the place. Anything less than a care­ We recognize that even our serious study taken the unceasing activity of many ful look is unfair and unwise. of the institution, or the study of any citi- individuals on Guam and has required 18876 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 11, 1974 the support of the people themselves. pended for facilities will not be for the games the names of those who had information Two men who have donated countless alone, but for the continuous and long-term use of the people of Guam; and which had been leaked. For this I wish how-s of their time to bring the games Whereas, the Speaker and other supporters to commend the distinguished states­ to Guam in the face of tremendous ad­ of earlier South Pacific Ga.mes were convinced man. He did exactly what he should have versity are Mi·. Joseph F. Ada, president at the time of the bid and· remained con­ done. of the Guam Amateur Sports Associa­ vinced that facilities both athletic and logis­ The fact that the wiretaps which were tion. and Mr. 'Theodore Nelson, presi­ tical on Guam are entirely adequate to stage made did not reveal the person who was dent of the Fifth South Pacific Games the games on a par with, if not superior to all guilty of the offense only means that the Council. prior games; and culprit was not found. Someone must I am also pleased to note that the mili­ Whereas, the 12th Guam Legislature never waived in its support for the South Pacific have betrayed the secrets of the United tary establishment on Guam has an­ Games and continues to stand ready to as­ States, and to condemn Secretary Kis­ nounced its willingness to make available sist in any way possible the Organizing Com­ singer for his actions in trying to find some of its excellent sports facilities for mittee of the duly appointed South Pacific the traitor is beyond the realm of reason. the games since Guam does not currently Games Commission; and This great statesman, picked by the ad­ possess adequate sports facilities. Ad­ Whereas, the Organizing Committee is be­ ministration, was able to lift the oil em­ miral MoITison, the Marianas naval ing asked to justify its original bid and show bargo which threatened the economy of forces commander, is to be congratulated cause that Guam can hold the games, before the United States. Anyone with one eye the South Pacific Games Council in Fiji on for his interest in improving the fine the 30th of May; now therefore be it and half sense knows that we would have relations between the military and the Resolved, That the Twelfth Guam Legisla­ been in the deepest depression of this civilian community. ture does hereby reaffirm its support of century if the oil embargo had not been The origin of the South Pacific games Guam's intention to hold the games in the lifted. is credited to Dr. A. H. Sahu Khan of territory in July and August of 1975; and be Let us give thanks to this able man Fiji, who made a proposal for the inter­ it further and to the administration for accom­ national sports competition at a meeting Resolved, That the representatives of the plishing this very desirable purpose. of the Fourth Pacific Conference at Organizing Committee will carry this resolu­ It tion to the conference in Fiji and give every is refreshing to note, Mr. Speaker, Rabaul in 1959, according to informed assurance to the member nations that the that one of the most respected senior sources. people of Guam will consent that the 1975 columnists in the United States, Mar­ The first South Pacific games were games will be staged in a manner befitting quis Childs, takes issue against the war staged in Fiji in 1963, with competition the reputation of the Territory of Guam for on Kissinger in his article in the Wash­ from 13 areas. The second games were hospitality, friendship and friendly compe­ ington Post today. I enclose for perusal held in New Caledonia where contestants tition; and be it further of the Members parts of the editorial by from 14 regions, including Guam for the Resolved, That the Speaker certify to and the distinguished columnist, Mr. Childs: the Legislative Secretary attest the adoption first time, participated in a number of hereof and that copies of the same be there­ THE WAR AGAINST KissINGER events such as tennis, football, swim­ after transmitted to the President, South (By Marquis Childs) ming, and volleyball. Pacific Games Council, to the Secretary of Throwing out the baby with the bath ls The latest games were hosted by Ta­ the South Pacific Games Council, to A. B. likely to be the end result of the expanded hiti in September 1971. Fourteen terri­ Won Pat, Guam's Delegate to Congress, and warfare di.rected at Secretary of State Henry tories competed in 17 events. to the Governor of Guam. A. Kissinger. The baby in this instance is Hosting the South Pacific games will Duly and regularly adopted on the 22d of the Nixon foreign policy opening the way to mark a major effort on the part of Amer­ May, 1974. at least the chance for a peaceful world and icans from Guam to participate in the F. T. RAMffiEZ, an abatement of the nuclear arms race. Speaker. The squalid bath water of Watergate may life of then· fell ow residents of the Pa­ G. M. BAMBA, finally drown everything good and bad. If cific. For this reason, I am pleased to Legislative Secretary. that happens, the loss may be irreparable and introduce into the RECORD the text of the opening to a peaceful understanding be­ Resolution No. 258. I trust that my col­ tween East and West closed for a lor.g time to leagues in Congress will note with inter­ come. est the efforts of their fellow Americans Returning from the Mideast hailed as in the Pacific to bring the many peoples THE WAR AGAINST KISSINGER Super-K and a miracle worker, Kissinger of that vast area into closer community faced a press conference bent on establish­ ing his guilt in the wiretaps of his co-work­ through sports. ers the National Security Council and certain The resolution follows: HON. TIM LEE CARTER newspaper men. The persistent question was [Twelfth Guam Legislature, 1974 Second OF KENTUCKY whether he had proposed those wiretaps or Regular Session] IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES whether he had merely supplied a list of RESOLUTION No. 258 names of those who had had access to s~ret Relative to reaffirming the wholehearted sup­ Tuesday, June 11, 1974 information. The question was never satis­ port of the Twelfth Guam Legislature for factorily answered as reporters playing Mr. Mr. CARTER. Mr. Speaker, I was District Attorney bore in. the 1975 South Pacific Games to be held on somewhat surprised to read an article Guam from Richard Wilson calling for candor In the long view of history, it may be Be it resolved by the Legislature of the determined that he sacrificed too much, cut from Kissinger. I have read Mr. Wilson's too many corners for personal power. But for Territory of Guam: column for many years and have usually those of us living in this precarious moment, Whereas, the invitation to hold the 1975 found him to be fair. However, in the the verdict of history is at the end of a long South Pacific Games on Guam was extended present a1·ticle, he became one of the dark and perhaps impassable tunnel. If the by the Speaker of the 11th Guam Legisla­ carping critics. nuclear arms race between the two super­ ture to the members of the South Pacific powers goes on and still other nations get Games Council in Tahiti in September, 1971; As we all know, the National Secw-ity the potential of the weapon of annihilation, and Council is composed of the President, the there may be no history. Whereas, the Games having been awarded Vice President, the Secretary of State, The assumption of some reporter-com­ to Guam on the basis of this invitation is­ the Secretary of Defense and advisers mentators w)'.lo direct their fire at Kissinger sued in good faith by the people of Guam and is chc:1.rged with the security of our is that diplomacy should be treated like the acting through its Legislature; and country which most of us love, have de­ police beat. You score if you get the bad guys Whereas, Public Law 11-189 established a fended, and will continue to defend. I and you better believe there aren't any good South Pacific Games Commission which led guys. subsequently to the naming of the Guam submit, Mr. Speaker, that any man on the National Security Council or who is Above a.11, no secrecy-with the diplomat, Recreation Commission to comprise said the Secretary of State, exposed to the fierce Commission which in turn appointed the an adviser to that Council who reveals light of the police line-up. This is a. danger­ members of the Organizing Committee; and secrets is guilty of treason and should ous distortion of the reporter's function. Any Whereas, the Executive Branch of the gov­ be tried for this offense. According to protracted and difficult negotiation, such as ernment rescinded its earlier desire to can­ such information as we have at the that in the Mideast, has elements which can­ cel the games on the basis that funds ex- present time, Mr. Kissinger did submit not in the first stages be disclosed. Those ele- June 12, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18877 ments, which one must assume do not viol­ amendment is to our national interests. manufactures; the recent downward trend ate the national interest, are an essential I include the summary of the 1974 sup­ is traceable mainly to reduced demand in the U.S. ferrochrome industry and to the part of the diplomat's trade. plement to the report in the RECORD at In the Mideast negotiation, President Has­ this point: stockpile sales. ef Assed of Syria. could privately tell Kis­ Ferrochrome producers in the U.S. did not, singer that he would do everything pos­ SUMMARY-MAY 1974 SUPPLEMENT as predicted, find in Rhodesia an attractive sible to prevent Palestinian terrorists from "RHODESIAN CHROME" new source of metallurgical chrome ore. Sin~ infiltrating into Israel. But he could not put (A Research Report•, Students and Young the Byrd Amendment, Rhodesia has ac­ this in writing nor could he advertise- it pub­ Adult Division, United Nations Association counted for only 10 to 11 percent of a sharply licly if a. disengagement on the Golan of the U.S.A.) declining volume of metallurgical chrome ore Heights was to be achieved. In his turn, Kis­ The Byrd Amendment, permitting impor­ imports. What has come instead from Rho­ singer would pass this on to the Israeli tation of chrome ore and other strategic desia-unheralded by advocates of the Byrd negotiators. materials from Southern Rhodesia. in de­ bill in 1971 but admissible under its broad What this comes down to is trust. The fiance of a mandatory UN embargo, has been language-is a growing volume of high-car­ trust that Kissinger inspired in his shuttle on the U.S. statute book since November ban /errochrome. It is manufactured in that diplomacy was an important ingredient in 1971. S. 1868, a bill to repeal this law, passed country under low wages and no pollution his success. Should that trust be destroyed the U.S. Senate last December and is now controls and competes here with domes­ in one way or another we shall be the under consideration in the House of Repre­ tically-produced ferrochrome. Rhodesia's poorer. sentatives. share of rising U.S. ferrochrome imports rose What disturbs one observer is the way Repeal of the Byrd Amendment has been from zero in 1971 to 41 percent in 1973. each new blow at the Nixon administration urged by, among others, Secretary of State A 1971 assertion that a certain shipment of brings an almost-gleeful gloating. Hah we've Kissinger, UN Ambassador John Scali, As­ chrome ore from the Soviet Union "may" got the evil-doers on the run. My own re­ sistant Secretary for African Affairs David have originated in Rhodesia is still occa­ action to the plight of the nation caught Newsom, and Representative John sionally cited as if it were fact--even though up in the Watergate whirlpool is one of pro­ Buchanan, who served as a U.S. delegate to it was discredited at that time by experts in found sorrow. How can this have happened the UN General Assembly in 1973. In addi­ the U.S. Geological Survey. to my country to which my forbears came tion, Peter M. Flanigan, Assistant to the The recently established role of imported long ago? President for International Economic Af­ Rhodesian ferrochrome in supplying the U.S. It is a looking glass world. The speech that fairs, stated in June 1973 that Rhodesian stainless steel industry is minor, comprising President Nixon made to the midshipmen chrome is not "an important element in U.S. 10 percent of U.S. ferrochrome consumption at Annapolis was a. solid, persuasive exposi­ security or in our overall foreign economic in 1973, it could quickly be replaced by other tion of what could and could not be accom­ policy." sources should renewed sanctions cut off the plished through a detente with the Soviet Following, in summary, is an analysis of Rhodesian supply. Union. If the name of a Hubert Humphrey the arguments for and against the Byrd or an Adlai Stevenson had been attached to Amendment, as presented in the supplement. LEGAL OBLIGATION that speech, the liberals would have been National security: The facts do not sup­ Enactment of the Byrd Amendment placed on their chairs cheering. port the main assertion of the original pro­ the United States in open violation of its Let me venture one precarious prophecy. ponents of the Byrd Amendment, i.e., that UN Charter obligation to conform to bind­ If Nixon is removed from office by resigna­ imports of chrome ore from Southern ing decisions of the Security Council. Argu­ tion or impeachment, we shall see a sterner, Rhodesia. had to be renewed for reasons of ments have been made that the Council had harsher and perhaps even a. more danger­ national security. This argument-- no power to impose mandatory sanctions in ous period ahead. The stable will have been Ignored the availability of a U.S. strategic the Southern Rhodesia case, or that the cleaned out and that will be a satisfaction. stockpile of high-grade chrome ore nearly President had no authority to comply with But what comes after in a battered :uid 12 times what the Government now con­ the sanctions program, but such arguments bruised system appears to be of little con­ siders a safe level for both defense and essen­ do not stand up to scrutiny. The American cern to those crying loudest for blood. tial civilian needs. In 1973 it began selling Bar Association called on Congress in 1972 off most of that stockpile. to repeal the Byrd Amendment, declaring Depicted the Soviet Union (for many years "the rule of law to be the only alternative the main U.S. source of chrome ore) as likely to the rule of force" and that "the good faith at any time to shut off the chrome supply fulfillment of treaty obligations is central NEW RESEARCH REPORT ON RHO­ for political reasons. This ignored the many to the rule of law." DESIAN CHROME aspects of Soviet dependence on economic and political cooperation with the U.S. Soviet EFFECT ON RHODESIAN PEACE NEGOTIATIONS chrome exports to this country have con­ The all-white minority regime in Rho­ tinued undisturbed since the 1950s, through desia is in a complex "fight-talk" situation, HON. EDWARD G. BIESTER, JR. crises over Berlin, Cuba, the Middle East and fighting against an escalating Black insurg­ OF PENNSYLVANIA Vietnam. ency while talking with the chief African Pictured Southern Rhodesia as a vital al­ negotiator, Bishop Muzorewa. Although the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ternative source to the USSR, ignoring im­ white leadership still balks at necessary con­ Tuesday, June 11, 1974 ports from South Africa, Turkey, Brazil, cessions on Black political rights, major pres­ Greenland, India., Iran and Pakistan which, sures for such concessions arise from in­ Mr. BIBSTER. Mr. Speaker, this week in 1973 a.lone, exceeded the present stockpile surgent activity and from the UN sanctions the United Nations Association published requirement of the Department of Defense. program, even in spite of widespread clan­ an updated version of its 1973 research In fact, the small chrome ore imports from destine violations. Repeal of the Byrd report "Rhodesian Chrome," taking into Rhodesia under the Byrd law have been at Amendment, bringing new vigor to the UN account the developments on that issue the expense of third countries-not to the sanctions, would strengthen the hand of both since original publication of the report Soviet Union, whose share of the U.S. import Black and white advocates of a. negotiated market has actually increased and is over rather than a military, solution, and thereby in May of last year. The new report-with improve hopes for peace in southern Africa. detailed factual documentation-cites half the total. the Political and economic cost that the ECONOMIC AND COMMERCIAL CONCERNS RELATIONS WITH AFRICA United States is paying by continuing to A second major set of arguments alleges The Byrd Amendment, with its implication that U.S. industry needs cheap Rhodesian that the U.S. places commercial considera.. violate United Nations economic sanc­ chrome. However rising prices for chrome ore tions above African rights, has dealt a blow tions against Rhodesia under the Byrd in the years preceding the Byrd Amendment, to our relations with African countries whose amendment which allows importation of and price declines thereafter, cannot be tied friendship and commerce are important to Rhodesian chrome ore and f eITochrome. to the cutoff and resumption of imports from our interests and to U.S. imports of petro­ Last December, the Senate passed S. Rhodesia.. Those imports have been far too leum, manganese, tantalum, cobalt and other 1868 which would restore the United small to affect the price trends. The upward strategic minerals. Its impact has been ·states to full compliance with U.N. sanc­ pressure in the 1960s came primarily from a strongest among African youth. The longer long-term, global increase in stainless steel it lasts, the more likely it is to be remem- tions against the minority regime of Ian . bered with bitterness by a future majority in Smith Rhodesia. The bill is now pend­ *UNA originally published Rhodesian government of Souther~ Rhodesia.. ing in the House Committee on Foreign Chrome in May 1973. The May 1974 edition U.S. POSTURE IN THB U.N, Affairs. contains the entire text of the original and The Byrd Amendment has compounded I hope our colleagues in the House will a. new 16-page supplement. Additional copies U.S. difficulties in gathering support among take a close look a.t the fact.s fn the UNA are available from UNA-USA, 345 East 46th the UN's 41 African member nations on is­ report which show how harmful the Byrd Street, New York, New York 10017. sues important to Washington. CXX--1190-Part 14