Harry Potter Et Les Mots Fantastiques : Comparaison Des Néologismes Du Septième Tome Chez Rowling Et Son Traducteur Français

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Harry Potter Et Les Mots Fantastiques : Comparaison Des Néologismes Du Septième Tome Chez Rowling Et Son Traducteur Français Harry Potter et les mots fantastiques : comparaison des néologismes du septième tome chez Rowling et son traducteur français by Sandra Justice Bachelor of Arts (Honours), University of Victoria, 2017 A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS in the Department of French ©Sandra Justice, 2020 University of Victoria All rights reserved. This dissertation may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without the permission of the author. We acknowledge with respect the Lekwungen peoples on whose traditional territory the university stands and the Songhees, Esquimalt and WSÁNEĆ peoples whose historical relationships with the land continue to this day. Supervisory Committee Harry Potter et les mots fantastiques : comparaison des néologismes du septième tome chez Rowling et son traducteur français by Sandra Justice Bachelor of Arts (Honours), University of Victoria, 2017 Supervisory Committee Dr. Emmanuel Hérique, Supervisor Department of French Dr. Sada Niang, Second Reader Department of French ii Abstract This thesis examines the French translation of the 224 neologisms in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, the seventh book in J.K. Rowling’s fantasy series. By analyzing the original neologisms and their French equivalents, this research compares the word formation processes used by both the author and the translator, Jean-François Ménard. Additionally, to categorize Ménard’s translation techniques, this study adapts a framework designed by Jacqueline Henry to classify translations of word play. While Ménard uses the same types of word formation as Rowling to create his lexicon, this study reveals that he often chooses a different neological process or distinct lexemes to recreate the effect of the original neologism. To achieve this, Ménard relies on his own creativity and embraces the norms of the French language to give his audience a reading experience comparable to that offered to the readers of the original text. Cette thèse examine la traduction française des 224 néologismes dans Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, le septième tome de la saga fantastique de J.K. Rowling. En analysant les néologismes originaux et leurs équivalents français, cette recherche compare les processus néologiques chez l’auteure et chez le traducteur, Jean-François Ménard. En plus, afin de catégoriser les procédés de traduction que Ménard emploie, cette étude adapte un cadre d’analyse que Jacqueline Henry a développé pour classer les manières de traduire des jeux de mots. Si Ménard utilise les mêmes types de néologie que Rowling pour créer son lexique, cette étude révèle qu’il opte souvent pour un autre processus ou pour des lexèmes distincts afin de reproduire l’effet du néologisme original. À cette fin, Ménard dépend de son inventivité et embrasse les tendances de la langue française pour recréer une expérience de lecture qui est similaire à celle offerte au public anglophone avec le texte original. iii Table des matières Supervisory Committee ...................................................................................................... ii Abstract .............................................................................................................................. iii Table des matières .............................................................................................................. iv Liste des tableaux ............................................................................................................... vi Liste des graphiques .......................................................................................................... vii Légende des symboles et abréviations ............................................................................. viii Remerciements ................................................................................................................... ix Dédicace ...............................................................................................................................x Introduction ..........................................................................................................................1 Chapitre 1. L’auteure, le traducteur et les sources d’inspiration .........................................2 1.1. L’auteure : J.K. Rowling .........................................................................................2 1.2. Le traducteur français : Jean-François Ménard .......................................................4 1.3. Les sources d’inspiration de Harry Potter ..............................................................7 Chapitre 2. Recension des écrits ........................................................................................11 2.1. La néologie ............................................................................................................11 2.2. La néologie dans la littérature française ...............................................................12 2.3. La néologie dans la littérature fantastique ............................................................14 2.4. Études sur les néologismes de Rowling ................................................................16 2.5. Études sur les traductions françaises de Harry Potter ..........................................18 Chapitre 3. Méthodologie ..................................................................................................26 3.1. Questions de recherche .........................................................................................27 3.2. L’identification des néologismes ..........................................................................27 3.3. Les processus néologiques ....................................................................................28 3.3.1. L’emprunt ........................................................................................29 3.3.2. La néologie syntaxique ....................................................................29 3.3.3. La néologie sémantique ...................................................................29 3.3.4 La néologie formelle .........................................................................30 3.3.5. Le latin de cuisine ............................................................................31 3.3.6. La néologie complexe ......................................................................32 3.4. Les procédés de traduction ....................................................................................32 3.5. Dictionnaires de référence ....................................................................................35 3.6. Résumé de la problématique .................................................................................35 Chapitre 4. L’analyse des processus de formation chez Rowling et chez Ménard ............36 4.1. Les emprunts .........................................................................................................38 4.2 Les néologismes syntaxiques .................................................................................40 4.3. Les néologismes sémantiques ...............................................................................41 4.3.1. L’emploi des majuscules ..................................................................43 4.4. Les néologismes formels .......................................................................................45 4.4.1. L’abréviation ....................................................................................46 iv 4.4.2. L’amalgamation ...............................................................................47 4.4.3. L’affixation ......................................................................................51 4.4.4. La composition .................................................................................56 4.4.5. La composition complexe ................................................................71 4.5. Les néologismes pseudo-latins .............................................................................75 4.6. Les néologismes complexes ..................................................................................78 4.7. Les néologismes d’origine indéterminée ..............................................................83 4.8. L’influence des normes du français sur les néologismes de Ménard ....................89 Chapitre 5. L’analyse des procédés de traduction chez Ménard ........................................94 5.1. La conservation .....................................................................................................94 5.2. L’adaptation morphologique .................................................................................96 5.3. La traduction partielle ...........................................................................................97 5.4. La traduction isomorphe .......................................................................................99 5.5. La traduction homomorphe .................................................................................102 5.6. La traduction hétéromorphe ................................................................................109 5.7. La traduction libre ...............................................................................................115 5.7.1. L’ajout de sens ...............................................................................116 5.7.2. La perte de sens ..............................................................................118
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