The 9th Biblical History of Redemption Seminar – Lecture 1 The High Priest and Christ (Heb 6:20)

(1) There were priests and high priests according to the Law, but they were not ______priests. Hebrews 7:12 For when the priesthood is changed, of necessity there takes place a change of law also. Hebrews 7:23-24 The former priests, on the one hand, existed in greater numbers because they were prevented by death from continuing, 24 but Jesus, on the other hand, because He continues forever, holds His priesthood permanently.

(2) Jesus is the ______high priest. Hebrews 6:20 here Jesus has entered as a forerunner for us, having become a high priest forever according to the order of Melchizedek. Psalm 110:4 The LORD has sworn and will not change His mind, "You are a priest forever According to the order of Melchizedek."

(3) The high priest according to the Law foreshadows the duty of Jesus Christ, the eternal high priest. Duty is one’s mission that must be carried out faithfully. Hebrews 9:7 but into the second, only the high priest enters once a year, not without taking blood, which he offers for himself and for the sins of the people committed in ignorance.

1. The High Priest ______the (1) Represents our ______Hebrews 8:3 For every high priest is appointed to offer both gifts and sacrifices; so it is necessary that this high priest also have something to offer. We must entrust Jesus to oversee our worship. Our worship must glorify God, not men.

(2) Represents our ______Temple taxes were collected during the time of King to repair the temple. King (Joash) and the high priest () oversaw the money during this time. 2 Chronicles 24:12 The king and Jehoiada gave it [temple levy] to those who did the work of the service of the house of the LORD; and they hired masons and carpenters to restore the house of the LORD, and also workers in iron and bronze to repair the house of the LORD.

Today we must allow Jesus, the king of all kings and eternal high priest to oversee our wealth.  Everything came from the Lord. We must not spend our money however we want, thinking that they are ours. 1 Chronicles 29:14 "But who am I and who are my people that we should be able to offer as generously as this? For all things come from You, and from Your hand we have given You.

1  Offering is a channel of ______. In 2 Corinthians 9:5, the word “bountiful gift” is eulogia (εὐλογία). This word also means “______.” We receive blessings the moment we give offerings.

 We must give the tithe and thanksgiving, and offer it up for building sanctuaries. Malachi 3:8 “Will a man rob God? Yet you are robbing Me! But you say, ‘How have we robbed You?’ In tithes and offerings. Malachi 3:10 "Bring the whole tithe into the storehouse, so that there may be food in My house, and test Me now in this," says the LORD of hosts, "if I will not open for you the windows of heaven and pour out for you a blessing until it overflows.

2. The High Priest Enters the Most Holy Place (1) When does he enter? - Day of Atonement, ______day of the ______month Hebrews 9:7 but into the second, only the high priest enters once a year, not without taking blood, which he offers for himself and for the sins of the people committed in ignorance. Leviticus 25:9 You shall then sound a ram's horn abroad on the tenth day of the seventh month; on the day of atonement you shall sound a horn all through your land. Leviticus 16:29 This shall be a permanent statute for you: in the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month, you shall humble your souls and not do any work, whether the native, or the alien who sojourns among you

(2) How many times does he enter? - ______times  First, he enters with a firepan. Leviticus 16:12 He shall take a firepan full of coals of fire from upon the altar before the LORD and two handfuls of finely ground sweet incense, and bring it inside the veil. This shows that we will die if we don’t ______. Psalm 141:2 May my prayer be counted as incense before You; The lifting up of my hands as the evening offering.

 Second, he enters with the blood of the bull. Leviticus 16:14 Moreover, he shall take some of the blood of the bull and sprinkle it with his finger on the mercy seat on the east side; also in front of the mercy seat he shall sprinkle some of the blood with his finger seven times. Sprinkling the blood seven times represents the ______atoning of sins by Jesus. Hebrews 7:27 who does not need daily, like those high priests, to offer up sacrifices, first for His own sins and then for the sins of the people, because this He did once for all when He offered up Himself.

 Third, he enters with the blood of the goat. Leviticus 16:15 Then he shall slaughter the goat of the which is for the people, and bring its blood inside the veil and do with its blood as he did with the blood of the bull, and sprinkle it on the mercy seat and in front of the mercy seat.

2 When he comes out the third time, he goes out to the altar of incense to make atonement for the altar, and lays both of his hands on the head of the live goat and sends it away into the wilderness. Leviticus 16:18 “Then he shall go out to the altar that is before the LORD and make atonement for it, and shall take some of the blood of the bull and of the blood of the goat and put it on the horns of the altar on all sides. Leviticus 16:21 “Then shall lay both of his hands on the head of the live goat, and confess over it all the iniquities of the sons of Israel and all their transgressions in regard to all their sins; and he shall lay them on the head of the goat and send it away into the wilderness by the hand of a man who stands in readiness.

 Fourth, he brings out the firepan.

(3) The process of atonement and the high priestly garment  The high priest wears only the ______tunic when entering the holy place and the most holy place on the day of atonement. Leviticus 16:3–4 “Aaron shall enter the holy place with this: with a bull for a sin offering and a ram for a . 4 “He shall put on the holy linen tunic, and the linen undergarments shall be next to his body, and he shall be girded with the linen sash and attired with the linen turban (these are holy garments). Then he shall bathe his body in water and put them on. Wearing the linen tunic alone, without without the and breastpiece of judgment usually worn by the high priest, signifies ______. This indicates one must be plain and natural, without any affectation or ______, when approaching God for atoning of the sins.

 After completing the atonement in the Most Holy Place, the high priest comes out the third time to lay the hands on the live goat. Afterwards, he puts on the usual high priestly garment. Leviticus 16:23–24 “Then Aaron shall come into the tent of meeting and take off the linen garments which he put on when he went into the holy place, and shall leave them there. 24 “He shall bathe his body with water in a holy place and put on his clothes, and come forth and offer his burnt offering and the burnt offering of the people and make atonement for himself and for the people.

The burnt offering given while the high priest is wearing the full high priestly garment is ______offering. Leviticus 6:12 ‘The fire on the altar shall be kept burning on it. It shall not go out, but the priest shall burn wood on it every morning; and he shall lay out the burnt offering on it, and offer up in smoke the fat portions of the peace offerings on it.

 To bring out the firepan from the most holy place in the end, he puts on a fresh ______tunic.

3 According to the Jewish literature Mishna (Yoma 5:1, 8:4), after the high priest enters the most holy place three times and finishes giving the burnt offering, he puts on a fresh linen tunic to enter the most holy place for the last time to bring out the firepan and the fire. This implies that he must confess that he is a ______every time he enters the most place.

(4) Redemptive-historical meaning Jesus died on the cross and gave an eternal offering, once for all. Hebrews 9:12 and not through the blood of goats and calves, but through His own blood, He entered the holy place once for all, having obtained eternal redemption. Matthew 27:51 And behold, the veil of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom; and the earth shook and the rocks were split. Hebrews 10:20 by a new and living way which He inaugurated for us through the veil, that is, His flesh

3. The High Priest Judges (1) With what does he judge? Exodus 28:30 You shall put in the breastpiece of judgment the Urim and the Thummim, and they shall be over Aaron's heart when he goes in before the LORD; and Aaron shall carry the .of the sons of Israel over his heart before the LORD continually ( מִ שְׁ פָּ ט) judgment

(2) Meaning of ”.______“ in Hebrew means ( א וּ רִ י ם)  Urim: Urim God’s judgments are made in the brightest light, so there cannot be any deceit or flaws. Psalm 119:137 Righteous are You, O LORD, And upright are Your judgments.

”.______“ in Hebrew means ( תֻּ מִּ י ם)  Thummim: Thummim Man’s judgments are imperfect, but God’s judgments are always perfect.

(3) The final judge is Jesus Christ. 2 Corinthians 5:10 For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, so that each one may be recompensed for his deeds in the body, according to what he has done, whether good or bad.

When Jesus returns, every man will be judged according to his ______. Matthew 16:27 “For the Son of Man is going to come in the glory of His Father with His , and WILL THEN REPAY EVERY MAN ACCORDING TO HIS DEEDS. Revelation 20:12 And I saw the dead, the great and the small, standing before the throne, and books were opened; and another book was opened, which is the book of life; and the dead were judged from the things which were written in the books, according to their deeds.

4 Revelation 20:13 And the sea gave up the dead which were in it, and death and Hades gave up the dead which were in them; and they were judged, every one of them according to their deeds.

4. The High Priest Gives Freedom from the ______(1) What is the city of refuge? Those who killed someone unintentionally can flee here. Joshua 20:2-3 "Speak to the sons of Israel, saying, 'Designate the cities of refuge, of which I spoke to you through Moses, 3 that the manslayer who kills any person unintentionally, without premeditation, may flee there, and they shall become your refuge from the avenger of blood.

We can also become murderers when we hate others without realizing. 1 John 3:15 Everyone who hates his brother is a murderer; and you know that no murderer has eternal life abiding in him

(2) How can you get out from the city of refuge? --> The ______must die. Numbers 35:28 because he should have remained in his city of refuge until the death of the high priest. But after the death of the high priest the manslayer shall return to the land of his possession. Joshua 20:6 He shall dwell in that city until he stands before the congregation for judgment, until the death of the one who is high priest in those days. Then the manslayer shall return to his own city and to his own house, to the city from which he fled.

 This shows us that we have been freed from all our sins and can return to the Kingdom of Heaven because Jesus died on the cross for us as our High Priest.  Aaron the high priest died on the ______day of the ______month in 1407 BC. Numbers 33:38 Then Aaron the priest went up to Mount Hor at the command of the LORD, and died there in the fortieth year after the sons of Israel had come from the land of Egypt, on the first day in the fifth month.  Notably, the return from Babylon also happened on the ______of the ______month. The second return The third return First of the fifth month in 458 BC First of the fifth month in 444 BC

Ezra 7:9 [the second return] For on the first of the first month he began to go up from Babylon; and on the first of the fifth month he came to , because the good hand of his God was upon him.

Nehemiah 2:11 [the third return] So I came to Jerusalem and was there three days. :15 So the wall was completed on the twenty-fifth of the month Elul, in fifty-two days. Subtract 52 days and 3 days from the 25th of the 6th month  1st of the 5th month (52+3=55, 30 days 5th month + 25 days 1-25 of 6th month = 55)

5 The 9th Biblical History of Redemption Seminar – Lecture 2 The High Priest and the Ephod

The ephod is a garment that a high priest must wear. It is worn over a robe. The ephod looks like an apron. It is sleeveless, reaches down to the knees, and has front and back panels. Exodus 28:6 “They shall also make the ephod of gold, of blue and purple and scarlet material and fine twisted linen, the work of the skillful workman. Leviticus 8:7 He put the tunic on him and girded him with the sash, and clothed him with the robe and put the ephod on him; and he girded him with the artistic band of the ephod, with which he tied it to him.

1. The name of the ephod means it is a ______garment. refers to holy ( אֵ פ וֹ ד) The Hebrew word ephod (1) garments. Exodus 28:2 “You shall make holy garments for Aaron your brother, for glory and for beauty. Exodus 39:1 Moreover, from the blue and purple and scarlet material, they made finely woven garments for ministering in the holy place as well as the holy garments which were for Aaron, just as the LORD had commanded Moses.

(2) Saints must be clothed with Jesus Christ. Galatians 3:27 For all of you who were baptized into Christ have clothed yourselves with Christ.

People in the holy garments will ______themselves willingly. Psalm 29:2 Ascribe to the LORD the glory due to His name; Worship the LORD in holy array. Psalm 110:3 (NRSV) Your people will offer themselves willingly on the day you lead your forces on the holy mountains. From the womb of the morning, like dew, your youth will come to you.

(3) True holiness means being the ______in the front and back. 1 Peter 1:15 but like the Holy One who called you, be holy yourselves also in all your behavior;

6 2. The front and back panels of the ephod are joined securely by the shoulder pieces. Exodus 28:6-7 “They shall also make the ephod of gold, of blue and purple and scarlet material and fine twisted linen, the work of the skillful workman. 7 “It shall have two shoulder pieces joined to its two ends, that it may be joined.

”.in Hebrew and refer to “carrying on the shoulder ( כָ תֵ ף) Shoulder pieces” are kateph“ (1) Numbers 7:9 But he did not give any to the sons of Kohath because theirs was the service of the holy objects, which they carried on the shoulder (kateph).

(2) Onyx stones are on the shoulder pieces. Exodus 28:9 “You shall take two onyx stones and engrave on them the names of the sons of Israel, Exodus 28:12 “You shall put the two stones on the shoulder pieces of the ephod, as stones of memorial for the sons of Israel, and Aaron shall bear their names before the LORD on his two shoulders for a memorial.

.______in Hebrew. It is known that its owner is ( שֹׁ הַ ם) Onyx is soham More surprisingly, onyx is known to bless even those who are with the one who owns it. Genesis 12:2–3 And I will make you a great nation, And I will bless you, And make your name great; And so you shall be a blessing; 3 And I will bless those who bless you, And the one who curses you I will curse. And in you all the families of the earth will be blessed.”

Jesus is the ______of all blessings, and we are a blessing.

(3) The names of the twelve tribes are written on the onyx.

Exodus 28:11 “As a jeweler engraves a signet, you shall engrave the two stones according to the names of the sons of Israel; you shall set them in filigree settings of gold.

① Being engraved like a signet signifies the ______of salvation as God’s possession. Ephesians 4:30 Do not grieve the Holy Spirit of God, by whom you were sealed for the day of redemption.

7 ② Shoulders reflect sufficient power and might to take full responsibility. Deuteronomy 33:12 Of Benjamin he said, “May the beloved of the LORD dwell in security by Him, Who shields him all the day, And he dwells between His shoulders.” The high priest carrying the twelve tribes on his shoulder signifies Jesus Christ who bore the ______on His shoulders to forgive the sins of all mankind.

3. The Breastpiece of Judgement Has Twelve Precious Stones (1) The breastpiece of judgment is a big plate attached to the chest area of the high priest’s ephod. Exodus 28:29 “Aaron shall carry the names of the sons of Israel in the breastpiece of judgment over his heart when he enters the holy place, for a memorial before the LORD continually. Hoshen means “breastpiece,” and .( בְּ ֹח שֶׁ ן הַ מִּ שְׁ פָּ ט) In Hebrew, it is hoshen mishpat mishpat means “judgment, justice, righteousness.”

(2) The twelve stones represent the twelve ______of Israel. Exodus 28:17–20 “You shall mount on it four rows of stones; the first row shall be a row of ruby, topaz and emerald; 18 and the second row a turquoise, a sapphire and a diamond; 19 and the third row a jacinth, an agate and an amethyst; 20 and the fourth row a beryl and an onyx and a jasper; they shall be set in gold filigree. 21 “The stones shall be according to the names of the sons of Israel: twelve, according to their names; they shall be like the engravings of a seal, each according to his name for the twelve tribes.

Emerald (Zebulun) Topaz (Issachar) Ruby (Judah) Diamond (Gad) Sapphire (Simeon) Turquoise (Reuben) Amethyst (Benjamin) Agate () Jacinth (Ephraim) Jasper (Naphtali) Onyx (Asher) Beryl (Dan)

(3) The stones are in the order of camps of the 12 tribes. Numbers 2:3 “Now those who camp on the east side toward the sunrise shall be of the standard of the camp of Judah, by their armies, and the leader of the sons of Judah: Nahshon the son of Amminadab, Numbers 2:10 “On the south side shall be the standard of the camp of Reuben by their armies, and the leader of the sons of Reuben: Elizur the son of Shedeur, Numbers 2:18 “On the west side shall be the standard of the camp of Ephraim by their armies, and the leader of the sons of Ephraim shall be Elishama the son of Ammihud, Numbers 2:25 “On the north side shall be the standard of the camp of Dan by their armies, and the leader of the sons of Dan: Ahiezer the son of Ammishaddai,

8

NORTH

WEST EAST

Leading SOUTH Tribe

(4) Redemptive-historical Significance  The precious stones symbolize the twelve tribes are over the heart of the high priest. This shows how Jesus Christ, our High Priest, cares and protects us with His fervent ______. Matthew 23:37 “Jerusalem, Jerusalem, who kills the prophets and stones those who are sent to her! How often I wanted to gather your children together, the way a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, and you were unwilling. John 13:23 There was reclining on Jesus’ bosom one of His disciples, whom Jesus loved. John 13:25 He, leaning back thus on Jesus’ bosom, said to Him, “Lord, who is it?” John 13:1 Now before the Feast of the Passover, Jesus knowing that His hour had come that He would depart out of this world to the Father, having loved His own who were in the world, He loved them to the end.

 Each of the twelve precious stones has its own position and color. This indicates that every believer has a given position of a mission with special talent and gift. Matthew 25:14-15 “For it is just like a man about to go on a journey, who called his own slaves and entrusted his possessions to them. 15 “To one he gave five talents, to another, two, and to another, one, each according to his own ability; and he went on his journey. 1 Corinthians 12:4 Now there are varieties of gifts, but the same Spirit.

 Just as the names of the twelve tribes were engraved on the twelve precious stones, the names of the chosen saints are clearly written in the book of life. Revelation 21:27 and nothing unclean, and no one who practices abomination and lying, shall ever come into it, but only those whose names are written in the Lamb’s book of life.

9 CONCLUSION: Christological View of the High Priest

(1) There are ______generations in the high priestly genealogy. Jesus Christ’s genealogy in Luke 3 also has ______generations. (Abraham Park, The Eternal High Priest of the Covenantal Oath, CLC, 210-323)

 High priestly genealogy: 77 generations from Aaron (1st) to Phanias (77th)

Moses’ 1445–959 BC King Herod 37–4 BC 10 generations the Great 7 generations 29 generations Solomon’s 959–586 BC Herod 4 BC–AD 6 classified by temple 13 generations Archelaus 3 generations the temple ’s 515–320 BC Quirinius AD 6–9 temple 6 generations governor of Syria 1 generation Ptolemaic and 320–175 BC Gratus AD 15–26 Seleucid rule 7 generations governor of Judea 4 generations 29 generations Extremely wicked 175–159 BC Vitellius AD 35–39 19 generations classified by high priests 3 generations governor of Syria 2 generations classified by appointers Interlude in 159–152 BC Herod AD 41–44 time periods priesthood 0 generation Agrippa I 3 generations Judean 152–37 BC / Herod of AD 44–49 independence 9 generations Chalcis 2 generations Herod AD 50–66 Agrippa II 6 generations by casting AD 67 lots 1 generation

 Jesus Christ’s genealogy in Luke 3 (Luke 3:23-38): 77 generations from Jesus to God (Abraham Park, The Eternally Unquenchable Lamp of the Covenant, Periplus, 63-67)

(2) A symbol for Jesus :8 ‘Now listen, , you and your friends who are sitting in front of you—indeed they are men who are a symbol, for behold, I am going to bring in My servant the Branch.

Here, Joshua the high priest symbolizes Jesus Christ, the eternal High Priest. His friend priests symbolize the saints who have become the priests by Jesus’ atoning sacrifice.

1 Peter 2:9 But you are A CHOSEN RACE, A royal PRIESTHOOD, A HOLY NATION, A PEOPLE FOR God’s OWN POSSESSION, so that you may proclaim the excellencies of Him who has called you out of darkness into His marvelous light; Revelation 1:6 and He has made us to be a kingdom, priests to His God and Father—to Him be the glory and the dominion forever and ever. Amen. (Rev 5:10) 10 ① Jesus the High Priest will come as “______.” Zechariah 3:8 ‘Now listen, Joshua the high priest, you and your friends who are sitting in front of you—indeed they are men who are a symbol, for behold, I am going to bring in My servant the Branch.

in Hebrew and means “a newly growing bud on a tree ( צָ מַ ח) Here, “branch” is tsemah branch, or a sprout growing out of the ground.” This foreshadows how Jesus the High Priest will come in such a weak, ______state.

Isaiah 53:2 For He grew up before Him like a tender shoot, And like a root out of parched ground; He has no stately form or majesty That we should look upon Him, Nor appearance that we should be attracted to Him. :12 “Then say to him, ‘Thus says the LORD of hosts, “Behold, a man whose name is Branch, for He will branch out from where He is; and He will build the temple of the LORD.

② Jesus the High Priest will come as “one ______.” Zechariah 3:9 ‘For behold, the stone that I have set before Joshua; on one stone are seven eyes. Behold, I will engrave an inscription on it,’ declares the LORD of hosts, ‘and I will remove the iniquity of that land in one day.

which means, “to open, tear.” Tearing of the ,( פָּ תַ ח) Here, “engrave” in Hebrew is patah one stone reflects the suffering of Jesus. This suffering removed the wickedness of this land in one day. This one day was the day of atonement on the cross, and ultimately the day of the Lord’s ______.

Revelation 5:6 And I saw between the throne (with the four living creatures) and the elders a Lamb standing, as if slain, having seven horns and seven eyes, which are the seven Spirits of God, sent out into all the earth. Isaiah 28:16 Therefore thus says the Lord GOD, “Behold, I am laying in Zion a stone, a tested stone, A costly cornerstone for the foundation, firmly placed. He who believes in it will not be disturbed. Daniel 2:34–35 “You continued looking until a stone was cut out without hands, and it struck the statue on its feet of iron and clay and crushed them. 35 “Then the iron, the clay, the bronze, the silver and the gold were crushed all at the same time and became like chaff from the summer threshing floors; and the wind carried them away so that not a trace of them was found. But the stone that struck the statue became a great mountain and filled the whole earth.

11 Answers

Lecture 1 Eternal, eternal, represents, worship, wealth, blessing, blessing, tenth/seventh, 4, pray, complete, linen, holiness, pretense, daily, linen, sinner, lights, perfections, deeds, city of refuge, high priest, first/fifth, first/fifth

Lecture 2 Holy, offer, same, greatly blessed, origin, certainty, cross, tribes, love, 77, 77, branch, lowly, stone, second coming

12