April Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Public Disclosure Authorized Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report Public Disclosure Authorized
April
ZHEJIANG QIANTANG RIVER BASIN SMALL TOWNS ENVIRONMENT PROJECT Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1
1.1 GENERAL BACKGROUND...... 1 1.1.1 Background of Qiantang River Basin ...... 1 1.1.2 Government strategy ...... 1 1.1.3 Projects Compliance with National and Municipal Strategies...... 2 1.2 ZHEJIANG QIANTANG RIVER BASIN SMALL TOWN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT ...... 4 1.3 PROJECTS SUPPORTED BY OTHER RESOURCES ...... 4 1.4 BACKGROUND TO THE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ...... 4 1.4.1 Listing of documents provided for Environmental Assessment...... 5 1.4.2 Preparation of the Consolidated EA Report...... 5 1.4.3 Environmental Assessment Process ...... 6 2. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ...... 7
2.1 ENVIRONMENTAL INSTITUTIONS AND ROLES ...... 7 2.2 APPLICABLE LAWS AND REGULATIONS ...... 9 2.2.1 Framework for EIA...... 9 2.2.2 Environmental Standards...... 10 2.3 WORLD BANK SAFEGUARD POLICIES ...... 11 2.4 ENVIRONMENTAL, HEALTH AND SAFETY POLICY(EHS) ...... 11 2.4.1 World bank...... 11 2.4.2 Domestic...... 11 2.5 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY FRAMEWORK ...... 12 2.5.1 Main environmental issues in Zhejiang ...... 12 2.5.2 Environmental Policies relevant to the Project ...... 12 2.5.3 Environmental quality objectives ...... 13 3. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT COMPONENTS ...... 19
3.1 GENERAL ...... 19 3.1.1 Project development objective...... 19 3.1.2 Project components ...... 19 3.2 SUBPROJECTS PRESENTATION...... 23 3.2.1 Sub-project Objectives...... 23 3.2.2 Organization for sub-projects development and management...... 25 3.2.3 Water supply sector ...... 25 3.2.3.1 Summary ...... 25 3.2.3.2 Main features ...... 25 3.2.4 Waste water sector ...... 26 3.2.5 Solid waste sector...... 29 3.2.6 Infrastructural construction in old town...... 35 4. BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS...... 44
4.1 PHYSICAL AND NATURAL ENVIRONMENT ...... 44 4.1.1 General Settings ...... 44
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) II 1. Introduction
4.1.2 Climate...... 45 4.1.3 Topography, Soils and Land use ...... 45 4.1.4 Hydrology...... 47 4.1.5 Groundwater and Hydrogeology of Landfill Sites ...... 49 4.1.6 Water Pollution and Water Quality...... 49 4.1.7 Aquatic Ecology & Fisheries...... 51 4.1.8 Terrestrial Vegetation & Wildlife...... 51 4.1.9 Seismic Risk ...... 51 4.2 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ...... 52 4.2.1 Population...... 52 4.2.2 Main resources ...... 52 4.2.3 Revenue ...... 53 4.2.4 Cultural and archaeological resources ...... 53 4.2.5 Water Supply ...... 54 4.2.6 Solid Waste Management...... 55 4.2.7 Air Quality and Noise...... 56 4.2.8 Brief description of the project cities...... 57 4.2.9 Main projects planned in the Eleventh Five year Plan ...... 59 4.3 EXISTING MAIN POLLUTION SOURCES ...... 60 4.3.1 Major environmental issue of Qiantang River Basin...... 60 4.3.2 Urban domestic wastewater ...... 60 4.3.3 Urban solid waste ...... 61 4.3.4 Industrial Pollution ...... 62 4.3.5 Rural Non Point Source (NPS) Pollution ...... 62 4.4 POLLUTION LOAD AND WATER QUALITY IN QIANTANG RIVER ...... 62 4.4.1 Pollution load ...... 62 4.4.2 Water quality...... 63 4.5 SUMMARY OF ZSTEP ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS OF SITES...... 64 5. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT & MITIGATION...... 65
5.1 IMPACT SCREENING ...... 65 5.2 MAIN EXPECTED BENEFITS...... 74 5.2.1 Public Health and Quality of life...... 74 5.2.2 Water pollution abatement...... 75 5.3 SUMMARY OF RESSETLEMENT, ECOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ASSOCIATED WITH SUB-PROJECTS ...... 78 5.3.1 Impact on land occupation and land use ...... 78 5.3.2 Impact on historical and cultural heritage ...... 80 5.3.3 Impact on ecology...... 80 5.3.4 Visual Impact ...... 80 5.3.5 Major mitigation measures...... 81 5.4 IMPACT ANALYSIS AND MITIGATION DURING CONSTRUCTION...... 82 5.4.1 Nuisances from earthworks ...... 82 5.4.2 Impacts of traffic...... 82 5.4.3 Impact on air quality...... 83 5.4.4 Impact of noise ...... 83 5.4.5 Water environmental impact ...... 84 5.4.6 Impact of solid waste ...... 84 5.4.7 Construction Safety ...... 85 5.4.8 Major mitigation measures...... 85 5.5 IMPACT ANALYSIS AND MITIGATION DURING CONSTRUCTION - OLD TOWN INFRASTRUCTURE COMPONENT ...... 87 5.5.1 General ...... 87 5.5.2 Impact on water environment ...... 87 5.5.3 Impact on atmospheric environment ...... 87 5.5.4 Impact on noise environment...... 88 5.5.5 Construction vibration impact on the heritage or ancient buildings ...... 88 5.5.6 Impact on cultural relics, landscape ...... 88
5.5.7 Major mitigation measures...... 88 5.6 IMPACT ANALYSIS AND MITIGATION DURING OPERATION - WATER SUPPLY COMPONENT...... 90 5.6.1 General ...... 90 5.6.2 Impact on the reservoir and water supply...... 90 5.6.3 Impact on sludge ...... 91 5.6.4 Impact on atmospheric environment ...... 91 5.6.5 Impact on noise environment...... 92 5.6.6 Impact on sewage drainage...... 92 5.6.7 Major mitigation measures...... 92 5.7 IMPACT ANALYSIS AND MITIGATION DURING OPERATION - WWTP COMPONENT ...... 94 5.7.1 General ...... 94 5.7.2 Impact on aquatic environment...... 95 5.7.3 Impact on sludge ...... 96 5.7.4 Impact on atmospheric environment ...... 96 5.7.5 Impact on noise environment...... 97 5.7.6 Impact on industrial wastewater discharge...... 98 5.7.7 Impact on sewage pump station...... 98 5.7.8 Impact on the sewage treatment plant ...... 99 5.7.9 Major mitigation measures...... 99 5.8 IMPACT ANALYSIS AND MITIGATION DURING OPERATION - SOLID WASTE COMPONENT ...... 101 5.8.1 Nuisances to residents from waste collection and transport ...... 101 5.8.2 Nuisances to residents from landfill sites ...... 102 5.8.3 Impacts associated to landfill operation...... 103 5.8.4 Closure of existing landfill...... 103 5.8.5 Soil Borrow for Landfilling...... 105 5.8.6 Major mitigation measures...... 105 5.9 IMPACT ANALYSIS AND MITIGATION DURING OPERATION - ROAD COMPONENT ...... 108 5.9.1 General ...... 108 5.9.2 Analysis of environmental impact ...... 108 5.9.3 Main mitigation measures...... 108 6. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ...... 109
6.1 COMPARISON OF WATER SUPPLY COMPONENT ...... 109 6.2 COMPARISON OF WWTP COMPONENT ...... 110 6.2.1 Comparison of sites and outfalls of WWTP ...... 110 6.2.2 Alternative Wastewater Treatment...... 112 6.2.3 Alternative of Tonglu subproject ...... 115 6.3 ALTERNATIVES FOR SLUDGE DISPOSAL...... 115 6.3.1 Comparisons between sludge disposal techniques ...... 115 6.3.2 Comparison for sludge disposal process...... 117 6.3.3 Alternative Sludge disposal ...... 118 6.4 ALTERNATIVES FOR THE SOLID WASTE COMPONENT ...... 119 6.4.1 Comparison of methods for municipal solid waste disposal...... 119 6.4.2 Comparison of landfill sites...... 121 6.5 ALTERNATIVE COMPARISON FOR LEACHATE TREATMENT PROCESS ...... 123 6.6 WITH AND WITHOUT ZSTEP ...... 125 7. SLUDGE MANAGEMENT...... 126
7.1 SLUDGE MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL PLAN...... 126 7.1.1 Sludge Production ...... 126 7.1.2 Sludge Treatment Process and Disposal Plan ...... 127 7.2 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND MITIGATION ...... 129 7.2.1 Pollution Factor Screening and Load Projection ...... 129 7.2.2 Temporary Sludge Storage Sites Impacts and mitigation measures...... 130 7.2.3 Sludge Transportation Impacts and mitigation measures...... 130 7.2.4 Sludge Impact on sanitary landfill...... 130 8. LEACHATE AND LANDFILL GAS MANAGEMENT ...... 131
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) IV 1. Introduction
8.1 LEACHATE MANAGEMENT ...... 131 8.1.1 Leachate Amount...... 131 8.1.2 Leachate Quality Prediction...... 131 8.1.3 Leachate Impacts and Mitigation...... 132 8.1.4 Leachate Management Plan...... 133 8.2 LANDFILL GAS MANAGEMENT ...... 134 8.2.1 Landfill Gas Quantity Projection ...... 134 8.2.2 Impact on Ambient Air Quality ...... 134 8.2.3 Safety Impact and Mitigation ...... 135 8.2.4 Landfill Gas Management Plan ...... 135 9. RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN (RAP) ...... 136
9.1 OBJECTIVES OF THE RAP ...... 136 9.2 AREA AND POPULATION AFFECTED BY THE PROJECT ...... 136 9.3 SUMMARY OF THE ACTIONS ...... 136 10. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ...... 139
10.1 IMPLEMENTING ARRANGEMENT...... 139 10.2 ACTIVITIES AND RESULTS ...... 140 10.3 INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ...... 144 11. SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANS (EMP)...... 145
11.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ORGANISATION ...... 145 11.1.1 Environmental Management Institutional Structure...... 145 11.1.2 Environmental Management and Supervision...... 147 11.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN ...... 148 11.2.1 Environmental monitoring for WWTP ...... 149 11.2.2 Environmental Monitoring Plan for water supply project ...... 151 11.2.3 Environmental Monitoring Plan for sanitary landfill...... 153 11.2.4 Environmental Monitoring Plan for old town infrastructure...... 154 11.2.5 Environmental monitoring budget...... 155 11.3 TRAINING PROGRAM ...... 157 11.3.1 Monitoring institutional strengthening...... 157 11.3.2 Staff training plan ...... 157 11.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT OF EMERGENCY...... 158 11.5 EMP IMPLEMENTATION BUDGET ...... 159 11.6 EMP IMPLEMENTATION REPORTING ARRANGEMENT ...... 159 11.6.1 Information Exchange...... 159 11.6.2 Recording ...... 159 11.6.3 Reporting ...... 160 12. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...... 161
12.1 PROJECT JUSTIFICATION ...... 161 12.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND BENEFITS ...... 161 12.3 SUGGESTIONS...... 162
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1.1-1 : Schedule of relative policies and engineering measures put forward by the state and local government for Qiantang River Basin ...... 2 Table1.4-1 : Documents provided for Environmental assessment ...... 5 Table2.2-1 : Schedule of domestic policy framework of environmental impact assessment ...... 9 Table2.5-1: Schedule of execution state of environmental quality standard and discharge standard for each sub-project ...... 16 Table 3.1-1 : List of Subprojects Components...... 21 Table 3.2-1: Sub-project objectives ...... 24 Table 3.2-2 : Project owners and future project implementing and operation agencies ...... 25 Table 3.2-3: Summary for water supply components ...... 26 Table3.2-4 : Main features of sub-project for sewage treatment plant ...... 27 Table3.2-5 : Main technical features for sub-project of sewage network ...... 28 Table 3.2-6 : Inlet and outlet water quality of sewage treatment plant ...... 29 Table 3.2-7 : Sewage treatment process of each sewage sub-project ...... 29 Table 3.2-8: Schedule of main feature of solid-waste disposal project ...... 30 Table 3.2-9: The list of three existing landfills Situation ...... 35 Table 3.2-10 : Schedule of components of old town infrastructure construction project in Youbu Town...... 35 Table 3.2-11: Road linetype index ...... 38 Table 3.2-12 Engineering quantity of rain and sewage network renovation in Jiefang and Zhongshan Streets...... 40 Table 3.2-13 Engineering quantity of rain and sewage network renovation in Tianfu Road ...... 40 Table 3.2-14 : Engineering quantity of rain and sewage network renovation in Yongxi Road ...... 41 Table 3.2-15 : Engineering quantity of rain and sewage network renovation in Yongfu Road ...... 41 Table 3.2-16: Cultural relics protection objects within area impacted by engineering...... 43 Table 4.1-1 : List of climate conditions of locality of each sub-project ...... 45 Table 4.1-2 : List of groundwater, hydrological and geological conditions of refuse landfill yard..... 49 Table -4.1-3 : List of current state of surface water quality involved by sub-projects s ...... 50 Table 4.1-4 : Quality of groundwater in the landfill site...... 50 Table 4.2-1 Population in sub-project cities (×104)...... 52 Table4.2-2 : List of current atmospheric environmental quality of locality of each sub-project ...... 56 Table4.2-3 : List of current acoustic environmental quality of locality of each sub-project...... 57 Table 4.3-1: List of particulars of county/city sewage treatment of each sub-project locality (2008) ...... 60 Table4.3-2 : List of particulars of solid refuse disposal of county/city of each sub-project locality (2008)...... 61 Table 4.4-1 : List of discharge volume from industry, agriculture and domestic contamination source of Qiantang River Basin (2005)...... 62 Table 4.4-2 : Summary of discharge of water environment contaminants of Qiantang River Basin (2005)...... 63 Table 4.4-3 : List of current water quality state of Qiantang River Basin...... 63 Table 5.1-1: List of environmental impacts ...... 65 Table 5.1-2 : Screening of potential impacts associated with sub- projects location...... 66 Table 5.1-3 : Screening of potential impacts associated with sub-project construction ...... 67 Table 5.1-4 Screening of potential impacts (both positive and negative) associated with wastewater sub-projects operation screen ...... 69 Table 5.1-5: Screening of potential impacts (both positive and negative) associated with water supply sub-projects operation screen ...... 70 Table 5.1-6 Screening of potential impacts (both positive and negative) associated with wastewater sub-projects(wwtp) operation screen...... 71
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) VI 1. Introduction
Table 5.1-7 Screening of potential impacts (both positive and negative) associated with wastewater sub-projects(sewage collection) operation screen ...... 72 Table 5.1-8: Screening of potential impacts (both positive and negative) associated with solid waste sub-projects operation screen ...... 73 Table 5.2-1: Sewage disposal subproject Beneficiaries ...... 74 Table 5.2-2: solid waste subproject Beneficiaries...... 74 Table 5.2-3 :water supply subproject Beneficiaries ...... 74 Table 5.2-4: Estimation of pollution abatement achieved by new WWTPs ...... 75 Table 5.2-5 : Estimation of pollutants reduction by sewer network sub-project(2015) ...... 76 Table 5.3-1 List of land acquisition of each subproject and impacted population ...... 79 Table 5.4-1 Test result of dust prevention by water spraying in construction site ...... 83 Table 5.4-2: Noise value of main machines (dB(A))...... 83 Table 5.4-3: Minimum distance required between noise source and sensitive points ...... 84 Table 5.6-1: Air sanitary protection distance of waterworks ...... 91 Table 5.6-2 : Estimated noise of water supply subproject plant at boundary ...... 92 Table 5.7-1: List of pollutant reduction of each sewage disposal subproject ...... 95 Table5.7-2 : List of receiving water situation near each sewage disposal subproject...... 95 Table 5.7-3 : Standard value of odor pollutant at plant boundary...... 96 Table 5.7-4 : Estimation result of air quality impact on sewage disposal plant ...... 96 Table 5.7-5: List of noise source intensity and reduction ...... 97 Table 5.7-6: Noise estimation result of sewage disposal plant...... 97 Table 5.7-7: Industrial wastewater in the service area of sewage disposal plant...... 98 Table 5.7-8 : The description linked work of sewage treatment plant ...... 99 Table 6.1-1 Comparison of alternative locations for water supply project plant ...... 109 Table 6.3-1: Comparison between different sludge thickening methods...... 116 Table 6.3-2 : Comparison of various sludge dehydrators...... 116 Table 6.3-3: Comparison of sludge disposal technologies ...... 117 Table 6.3-4 : Comparison of two sludge treatment proposals ...... 118 Table 6.4-1 :List of comparison of major domestic waste disposal methods ...... 120 Table 7.1-1: Expected sludge production by WWTPs ...... 126 Table 7.1-2: Estimate of daily solid waste production from WWTPs...... 127 Table 7.1-3 : Sludge treatment and disposal...... 128 Table 7.1-4 The description of those Landfill...... 129 Table 8.1-1: Estimation of daily leachate output...... 131 Table 8.1-2: Leachate quality in others places in China...... 131 Table 8.1-3: Projected leachate quality ...... 132 Table 8.1-4: Transportation distance and mode for waste leachate...... 132 Table 8.1-5: Management system of waste leachate ...... 133 Table 9.3-1: Overall Resettlement Budget...... 138 Table 10.2-1: Public Consultation Summary List of Each Subproject ...... 141 Table 11.1-1: Organizations Involved in Environmental Management ...... 145 Table 11.2-1: Monitoring plan for wastewater components ...... 149 Table 11.2-2: Monitoring Plan for Sludge Disposal...... 151 Table 11.2-3: Monitoring Plan for Water supply Project ...... 152 Table 11.2-4: Monitoring Plan for solid waste components ...... 153 Table 11.2-5: Monitoring plan for the old dump once closed...... 154 Table 11.2-6: Monitoring Plan for old town infrastructure components ...... 155 Table 11.2-7: Environmental monitoring budget ...... 156
ABBREVIATIONS & ACRONYMS
BOT Built, Operate & Transfer CEA Consolidated Environmental Assessment CSEE Construction Supervision Environmental Engineer CSE Construction Supervision Engineer CSEMP Construction Site Environmental Management Plan DI Design Institute DRA Design Review and Advisory (services) EA Environmental Assessment EMC Environmental Management Coordinator EMP Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan EMS Environmental Monitoring Station EPB Environmental Protection Bureau (of SEPA) ESU Environmental Supervision Unit ZSTEP Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project PPMO Zhejiang Provincial Project Management Office MSW Municipal Solid Waste NCP Nuisance Control Plan PO Project Owner POIU Project Owner Implementation Unit PMO Project Management Office PPE Personal Protective Equipment PRC People’s Republic of China SE Supervision Engineer SEPA State Environmental Protection Administration SWT Solid Waste Treatment TP Total Phosphorus WB World Bank WWTP Wastewater Treatment Plant CURRENCIES & OTHER UNITS MU Area Unit (0.0667 ha) RMB Chinese Yuan (Renminbi) USD United States Dollar Conversion rate: 1 USD =6.8 RMB CHEMICAL ABBREVIATIONS A²/O Anaerobic-anoxic-oxic biologic phosphorus & nitrogen removal BOD5 Biochemical Oxygen Demand (5 days) COD Chemical Oxygen Demand COD Cr COD measured through reduction with dichromate acid COD Mn Permanganate index. It gives indication on organic matter content measured through reduction by permanganate acid. Always lower than COD Cr NH3-N Ammonia Nitrogen SS Suspended Solids TP Total Phosphorus TSS (or TSP) Total Suspended Solids (or Total Suspended Particulates)
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30)
1. Introduction 1
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL BACKGROUND
1.1.1 Background of Qiantang River Basin
Qiantang River is originated from Qingshidaijian in Xiuning County of Anhui province, with a length of 484 km to Zhakou of Hangzhou ( 216.5 km in Zhejiang province). The Basin area is about 42,200 km2, 35,600km2 in Zhejiang Province, others in Anhui, fujian and jiangxi Provinces. The main anabranches of Qiantang River are Wuxi River, Jinhua River, Xingan River, Fenshi River, Puyang River and etc.. The main streams are named by the place name. From the headstream to Xuzhou, there are mingled in Jianshan harbor and Wuxi River mingled in, called as Xujiang River. To Lanxi City, Jianghua River is mingled in, called as Lanjiang River. To Meicheng, mingled with the main stream, Xingan River, becoming an anabranch called as Tongjiang River. It is called as Fuchunjiang river from Tonglu and Qiantang River from Wenjiayan. The average annual flow of Qiantang River is 40.4 billions m3, with a very little sand content, average 5‰.
Qiantang River is the largest river in Zhejinag Province, the basin area is 36.2% of total area of zhejiang Province, the population is 32% of total population in zhejiang Province. It is “Mother River” of Zhejiang people. The mean annual precipitation in most of region within the basin is above 1,500 mm, it is praised as “home of silk”, “the land flowing with milk and honey”, “Heritage of the state” and “tourism resort”.
1.1.2 Government strategy
In January 2004, the government of Zhejiang Province put forward a 3-year environment pollution renovation action plan, called as “811”, it covers 8 large water system, 11 cities and 11 key supervising areas (2004 – 2007), unfolding the environment pollution renovating action for 8 large water systems including Qiagtang River Basin.
“811” in Zhejiang “811” environement pollution renovating action means: 8 – 8 large water systems, canal and river network in plain area in the province, 11 – either 11 cities that are divided into districts or 11 provincial level of key environment protection supervising areas, including Jiaojiangwaisha, Yantou chemical and pharmaceutical base, huangyan chemical and pharmaceutical base, Lihaishiyang chemical and pharmaceutical base, Shangyu fine chemical park, chemical enterprises in Nanjang River basin of Dongyang, Xianchang-Xuzhou section of Xianchangjiang River, chemical enterprises in Shenjia industrial park of Xuzhou, printing and dyeing industry in east of Xiaoshen, Pingyangshuitou leather manufacturing base, Wenzhou galvanization industry, Changxin battery industry. 8 heavily polluted industries are listed in this renovating action, they are chemical, pharmaceutical, leather manufacturing, printing and dyeing, monosodium glutamate, cement, smelting and papermaking industries. The key enterprises include 573 provincial level of environment protection supervising enterprises and 27 key ammonia- nitrogen discharging enterprises in Qiantang River Basin.
“811” action is a environment pollution renovating action for key river basins, areas, industries and enterprises in province so as to fully enhance environment protection, deepen ecological province construction, promptly solve the environment pollution threatened to people’s health and safety. The Qiantang River Basin is one of 8 large water systems to be renovated in “811” action. It spent 34.575297 billions Yuan for “811” action from 2005 to 2007.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 2 1. Introduction
1.1.3 Projects Compliance with National and Municipal Strategies
In Ninth Five-year period, there were 341 severe polluting enterprises closed in Qiantang River Basin, reducing 10.9 billion tons of industrial wastewater and 8.06×104 tons of COD. Sibao and Qige sewage treatment plants ware built-up, with a daily treatment capacity of 70×104 tons. Furthermore, some of systems and measures were put into practice, such as total pollutant discharge control, sewage discharge declaring and approval, online monitoring, public participation and public opinion supervision, strengthening long-term effective administration of industrial pollution source.
Since beginning of this century, government of Zhejiang Province issued a series of policies, beginning to renovate the environment pollution in Qiantang River Basin. From 2001, Zhejiang Province have started an integrated study for Qiantang River Basin pollution, and have carried out pollution renovating engineering for Qiantang River Basin in succession. The state and local government also put forward the relative renovation policy and engineering measures for water pollution prevention in Qiantang River Basin. For details, see table 1.1-1. Table 1.1-1 : Schedule of relative policies and engineering measures put forward by the state and local government for Qiantang River Basin National environmental protection “Eleventh Five-year” plan: Up to 2010, all of cities should build-up sewage treatment facility, the urban sewage treatment rate should not be lower than 70%. The urban sewage treatment capacity in nationwide reaches to 0.1 billion tons/d. The construction of sewage treatment plant should combine centralization and decentralization, adjust measures to local conditions and optimise overall arrangement. Push energetically technic advancement and extend advanced technic. The plant and network should be built at same time in construction of sewage treatment facility, with network first. It should be considered as a whole with water supply, water usage, water saving and sewage reusing. Attach great importance to the sludge disposal of sewage treatment plant, realizing sludge stabilization and non- harmfulness. Enhance the supervision to sewage treatment plant. All of the plants should be equipped with online monitoring device, realizing real-time monitoring of operation and discharge for sewage treatment plant. Continuously raise urban sewage collecting capacity and operation efficiency of sewage treatment facility, ensuring the actual treatment capacity of the sewage treatment plant not be lower than 60% of its design capacity in one year, 70% in three years. Carry out urban living garbage non-harmful disposal facility construction plan, increasing urban living garbage non- harmful treatment capacity by 24×104 tons/d, the urban living garbage non-harmful treatment rate should no be lower than 60%. Pursue garbage sorting, strengthen environmental supervision for garbage disposal facility. Attach great importance to the treatment of the garbage leachate. Carry out pollution control and ecological recovery for existed simple garbage treatment field, eliminating hidden pollution. “Decision on implementing scientific view of development to strengthen environmental protection” issued by state council (Guofa〔2005〕No.39) Dec. 3, 2005: Strengthen pollution prevention, focusing on drinking-water safety and key river basin control: National Environmental Strengthen urban environmental protection, focusing on intensifying pollution prevention. Enhance urban Strategy infrastructure construction, up to 2010, the sewage treatment rate will not be lower than 70% and living garbage non- harmful treatment rate will not be lower than 60% in municipal city, nationwide. Fully actualize charging system for urban sewage and living garbage treatment. The charging standard should reach breakeven and petty gains. For the place where it is not applicable for charging, the local finance should give assistance to the operation cost. Encourage social capital to participate in infrastructure construction and operation of sewage and garbage treatment. “Comments regarding to boosting industrialization development of urban sewage and garbage treatment”(Sep. 10, 2002) issued by former State Planning Commission, Ministry of Construction, State Environmental Protection Administration. All levels of governments should continue to increase capital input, speed sewage collection system construction, expand the service range of sewage collection network, ensure network in matching. Encourage to realize integrative management of urban water supply and drainage Further boost garbage sorting collection, raise matching extent of garbage collection and transportation. Support densely populated and neighbouring middle and small cities (towns) to unite in construction of sewage and garbage treatment facility. The economically developed and densely populated organic town and the town closely related to water environment of key river and river basin should realize industrialization of sewage and garbage treatment, referring to the comment. “Notice regarding to strengthen urban water supply and saving and pollution prevention works” issued by state council, (Guofa（2000）No.36) “Technical policy for sludge treatment and pollution prevention of town sewage treatment plant” (Try out), Jiancheng [2009] No.23. “Notice regarding to actualizing scheme of key water pollutant discharge control in Qiantang River Basin (try out)” Zhejiang Province policy issued by Zhejiang provincial environmental protection bureau, (Zhehuanfa[2006] No.83): related to pollution General requirement: through control the key water pollutant discharge in Qiantang River Basin optimize the control of Qiantang River industry structure and overall arrangement, change actively economy increasing mode, develop energetically circular economy, reduce water pollutant discharge in steps on the basic of continuously and stably increase of economy,
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 1. Introduction 3
improving effectively the water quality in whole river basin. Discharge control target: the trying out of total discharge control for key water pollutant in Qiantang River Basin means two indexes of COD and ammonia-nitrogen. Near-future target: up to 2007, the attainment rate of water quality in the river basin should reach above 60%, the attainment rate of water quality at border section should reach above 70%, the attainment rate of water quality of centralized drinking water source for city and countryside should reach above 85%. Up to 2010, the attainment rate of water quality in the river basin should reach above 85%, the attainment rate of water quality at border section should reach above 100%, the attainment rate of water quality of drinking water source for town and countryside should fully attain the standard .Far-future target: up to 2020, the water quality in whole river basin and of drinking water source for town and countryside will fully attain the standard. The eutrophication situation of the water area will be improved fully. “Notice regarding to further strengthening pollution prevention works for Qiantang River Basin” (Zhezhengbaofa〔2005〕No.60) issued by Zhejiang provincial government. “Notice regarding to actualizing scheme of new 3-year action for “811” environment protection” （Zhezhengfa 〔2008〕No.7）issued by Zhejiang provincial government.. Environment protection “Eleventh Five-year” plan of Zhejiang Province: Perfect river basin control mechanism, focusing on water pollution renovation for key river basins, such as 8 large water systems of Qiantang River, Beijing-Hanzhou canal, as well as river networks in Hanjiahu, Ninshao, Wenwang and Wenrui plains. Put individual task given in river basin water pollution prevention plan into effect. The pollution renovation of Qiantang River Basin will be carried out on the requirement “the pollution renovation target should be higher than others, the renovation requirement should be much strict than others, the renovation progress should be faster than others, the renovation effect should be better than others”. Speed to actualize the total discharge control plan of two pollutants, COD and ammonia-nitrogen. Environment protection Strengthen the construction and operation supervision of town sewage treatment engineering. The construction of “Eleventh Five-year” plan sewage treatment plant and sewage collection network in city above county- level in whole province and centre town in developed area should be basically completed. The actual treatment capacity of sewage treatment plant must not be of Zhejiang Province less than 60% of design capacity in the year when it is put into operation and not less than 75% of design capacity for the plant in operation for above 3 years. For the town that is able to lay pipeline, the sewage collection network construction should be speeded according to integrative requirement of area living sewage treatment, bringing into urban sewage treatment system. For the town that is not able to lay pipeline, the sewage treatment plant should be built under local condition, otherwise the sewage should be treated using biological technic or firedamp engineering. Continuously strengthen solid waste pollution prevention. Speed construction of integrative living garbage collection and treatment system in city and countryside. Boost actively non-harmful innovation of living garbage treatment facility. Raise secondary pollution control and environment supervision of garbage landfill, forbid to bury garbage simply and burn garbage which does not conform to environment protection requirement. Near-future target (in 2010) There is no Grade- V of water quality in function areas of whole river basin. The attainment rate of water environment function areas in river basin reaches above 85%, The attainment rate of water environment function areas at border section reaches 100%. Urban sewage treatment rate reaches above 75%, above 80% in Hanzhou, above 70% in other cities that are divided into district, above 60% in county seat. “Eleventh Five-year” plan Living garbage non-harmful disposal rate should be larger than 90% in cities, 85% in towns and 72% in of water pollution countryside. prevention for Qiantang Total pollutant discharge control target : River Basin The total pollutant discharge control is tried out in the areas where the attainment rate of water environment function area is less than 70% (XiaoShen, urban district of Jinhua, Dongyang, Yiwu, Yongkong, Jiangshen). COD should be 93,700 tons, reduced by 7.86% on the basis of 2005, ammonia-nitrogen should be 7189 tons, reduced by 67.89% on the basis of 2005. For the county (city, district) that is not listed in total discharge control tying-out, the total discharge should be controlled and reduced reasonably under the actual conditions, taking standard-attainment of function area as the goal, based on the environment monitoring data. Problems of small towns Environment infrastructure construction in small towns of Zhejiang Province is irregular and lacks of effective management organization and operation mode. in Zhejiang Province environmental Garbage landfill facility is simple, impacting on underground water. management Sewage network construction is not matched, with low sewage collecting rate and low standard-attainment rate of sewage treatment plant. Qiantang River Basin Zhejiang provincial government is planning to actualize Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin small town environment small town environment project with World Bank loan from 2010 to 2015. Contents as followings: construction of small town sewage and garbage treatment and water supply facility in Qiantang River Basin; a 50,000 m3/d of sewage treatment plant and project with World Bank matching network, a 210,000 m3 of garbage treatment facility and a 90,000 m3/d of water supply facility will be loan newly built, with a total investment of 21462×204 U.S.dollars
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 4 1. Introduction
1.2 ZHEJIANG QIANTANG RIVER BASIN SMALL TOWN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT
The urban environment pollution is increasing with the highly developed economy in Zhejiang Province. The construction of urban environment infrastructure is fail to keep up the economic development. The larger cities, such as Hanzhou, NinBo and ShaoXing, have got a good progress in urban environment control. However, it drops behind obviously in small towns, with a lower covering rate of infrastructure supply. At the same time, the small town is facing the severe challenge in organization, technic and finance, regarding to planning, operation and management of urban environment infrastructure as well as actualizing further urban environmental management agenda.
The target of this project is to assist the small towns in Qiantang River Basin to improve urban environment infrastructure, to serve sustainable sewage and solid waste treatment and water supply for small towns. Establish a “demonstrating project ” that can be copied to other regions in Zhejiang Province through complementing real investment combined with a organization and department innovation agenda with a clear definition.
1.3 PROJECTS SUPPORTED BY OTHER RESOURCES
Bank of China will provide a creditable loan of ￥15 billions Yuan to the water conservancy projects of integrated water environmental treatment in Zhejiang Province Taihu River Basin, Nitrogen- phosphor pollution control in Qiantang River Basin and supervision of key river sectors, which is related to people living in future 3 years. The agreement has been signed by Bank of China and Zhejiang provincial Water Resources Bureau.
1.4 BACKGROUND TO THE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
The environmental impact assessment reports of each sub-project is prepared by Hydrochina Huadong Engineering Corporation, Environmental Protection Engineering Company of Zhejiang GongShang University, Jinhua Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Industrial Environmental Protection Design Institute, Zhejiang Huanlong Environmental Protection Company, Zhejiang Bohua Environmental Engineering Company, Hanzhou Lianqiang Environmental Engineering Company, Zhejiang Environment Engineer Company, Hangzhou Yida Company. Up to April 30, 2010, each sub-project EA reports has been approved by local environment protection bureau.
ZSTEP consolidated environment assessment report is mainly prepared on the basis that the environment assessment reports of each sub-project have met the requirement of World Bank.
Based on the provisions specified in “ Law of the peoples republic of China on evaluation of environment effects”, “Regulations on the administration of construction project environmental protection”, “ Notice regarding to strengthening environmental impact assessment management for construction project with international finance corporation loan” and the requirement of World Bank safeguard policies, as well as domestic and World Bank’s environmental impact assessment program, Zhejiang Project Office entrusts, in Sep. 2009, Hydrochina Huadong Engineering Corporation (as HHEC in followings) to prepare “Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report”, and be responsible for censoring the environmental assessment reports of each project. HHEC submitted TOC of the report to World Bank in Sep. 25, 2009. The report is prepared based on this content.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 1. Introduction 5
1.4.1 Listing of documents provided for Environmental Assessment
Table 1.4-1 lists the environmental impact assessment report title and fulfilled date of each sub-project. The integrated environmental assessment report and the actualization abstract of environmental assessment (English) are prepared based on the environmental impact assessment reports and environmental management program (EMP) (Chinese) of each sub-project, including the component contents of all sub-project.
Table1.4-1 : Documents provided for Environmental assessment Date of the No. Name of EA&EMP Document 1 Zhuji Water Supply and Distribution April 30th, 2010 2 Wucheng Water Supply and Distribution April 30th, 2010 3 Jiande Meicheng Solid Waste Management April 30th, 2010 4 Jiande Wastewater Collection and Treatment April 30th, 2010 5 Qujiang Wastewater Collection and Treatment April 30th, 2010 6 Pan’an Wastewater Collection (Yunshan) April 30th, 2010 7 Pan’an Wastewater Collection(Shenzhe) April 30th, 2010 8 Pan’an Jianshan Town Wastewater Collection and Treatment April 30th, 2010 9 Longyou Wastewater Collection April 30th, 2010 10 Tonglu Jiangnan Town Wastewater Collection April 30th, 2010 11 Youbu Town(New District) Wastewater Collection and Treatment April 30th, 2010 12 Youbu Old Town Infrastructure Project April 30th, 2010
A Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) has also been prepared per sub-project and one consolidated deali ng within the total project by Houhai University.
1.4.2 Preparation of the Consolidated EA Report
The prophase preparation of each sub-project of ZSTEP is fulfilled mainly by domestic consultation organization, and evaluated by HHEC and Group Huit in the entrusting of PPMO.
The integrated environmental impact assessment report of this project is prepared strictly according to domestic and local environment protection laws, codes, standards and criterions. It meets the requirements on approval of domestic environmental impact assessment and environment safeguard policies of World Bank, as well as the relative requirements of World Bank workbook – environmental impact assessment (OP4.01).
The environmental impact assessment documents of each sub-project are censored technically by HHEC according to the requirements of domestic and World Bank environmental impact assessment, and revised and perfected by the environmental impact assessing units of sub-projects under the HHEC’s direction. For the environmental impact assessment documents of each sub-project, place see table 1.4-1.
The CEA of this project is prepared mainly based on the relative documents, such as the environmental impact reports and feasibility study of each sub-project. In addition, the emigration resettlement plan in the report quotes the special report, which is prepared by Houhai University, on emigration resettlement plan.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 6 1. Introduction
1.4.3 Environmental Assessment Process
The owners of each sub-project entrust HHEC, Zhejinag Goushan Univisity Environmenal Protection & engineering Company, Jinhua Environmental Design & Research Institute, Zhejiang Industrial Environment Protection Design Institute, Zhejiang Industrial Environmental Protection Design Institute, Zhejiang Bohua Environmental Technology Engineering Co., Ltd, Hangzhou Lianqiang Environmental & Engineering Company, Zhejiang Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd and Zhejiang Huanlong Environmental Protection Co., Ltd to prepare the environmental impact assessment reports for each sub-project, respectively Thereinto, the environmental impact assessments have been approved in domestic for Zhuji Water Supply and Distribution, Wucheng Water Supply and Distribution and Pan’an Wastewater Collection before the site inspection of World Bank Identification Mission. The environmental impact assessing of Longyou Wastewater Collection have not been carried out during second site inspection of World Bank Identification Mission (Sep. 7 – 15, 2009). Longyou sub-project owner entrusts directly HHEC to prepare the report so as to complete the environmental impact assessment report on time.
For the environmental impact assessment reports of sub-projects approved in domestic, HHEC requests the environmental impact assessing unit to complement schemes for comparison and selection and contents in respect of public consultation and Information disclosure and to prepare the EMP separately, according to the requirement of World Bank.
Since HHEC entrusted formally to prepare the project environmental impact assessment report in early Sep. 2009, the technicians of HHEC inspected the sites together with World Bank Identification Mission during Sep.7 –15, 2009. Furthermore, HHEC contacted with the feasibility studying units and environmental impact assessing units for further communication and put forward the requirement of preparation for environmental impact assessment reports of each sub-project.
The environmental impact assessment reports of each sub-project are prepared strictly according to domestic environmental protection laws, codes, environmental impact assessment guidelines and standards. The preparation of the reports meet the domestic environmental impact assessment requirement and the relative requirement on environmental impact assessment of construction project with international finance corporation loan, as well as the requirement on environment safeguard policy of World Bank and the relative requirements of World Bank workbook – environmental impact assessment (OP4.01).
The CEA of this project analyzes the current environmental quality at the locations of each project, predicts the latent environmental impact during project actualizing, and puts forward the corresponding mitigation measures.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 2. Policy, legal and administrative framework 7
2. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK
2.1 ENVIRONMENTAL INSTITUTIONS AND ROLES
The State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA)
State environmental protection administration was changed into Ministry of Environmental Protection. It is a department, under state council, in charging of environmental protection work and responsible for domestic environmental protection work, including government affairs information, planning, policy and code, administration system, technic and science standard, pollution control, natural ecology, nuclear safety and radiation, environmental assessment, environmental supervision, international cooperation, the main functions as followings:
Establish the laws, administration codes, economic policies related to environmental protection. Study out the state comprehensive principle, policy and macro strategy in environmental protection. Study out the environmental protection legislation planning and organize to actualize. Organize to study out comprehensive law, administration code and department regulation in environmental protection, instruct and supervise environmental protection administrated according to relative laws.
Organize to study out technic and science policy and planning in environmental protection. Study out and issue various state environment reference, environmental protection standard specification and technical policy of pollution prevention.
Study out pollution prevention planning of key drinking water source, state key area, river basin, sea area and underground water and supervise to actualize. Establish and organize to actualize examining rule of water-body water quality at boundary of provinces (states). Supervise and manage the environmental protection work of drinking water source. Organize and instruct integrated renovation work of town environment. Be responsible for organizing to actualize quantum examination system of integrated renovation of national urban environment.
Be responsible for coordination and executing inspection of important environment issues. Study out environmental supervision and administration codes, department regulations, and organize to actualize. Supervise the execution of environmental protection guideline, policy, planning, law, administration code, department regulation and standard. Study out discharge declaration, charge and renovation in time limit, and organize to actualize. Organize supervision and examination works of “three-same-time” for construction project approved by state.
Study and put forward the suggestion on issues related to international environment cooperation, study out relative policy and department regulation, and supervise the execution. Study out international cooperation and intercourse of environmental protection, plan the foreign affair outlay for complementing the international environment convention and organize to actualise. Be responsible for the foreign contact for complementing international environment convention. Organize foreign negotiation of international environment convention. Organize and coordinate the bilateral and multilateral cooperation of environmental protection.
Following the principle of natural ecology protection and pollution prevention, Ministry of Environmental Protection strengthens nuclear safety supervision and environmental enforcement, improves supervision and management, protects environment right and public benefit, promotes social sustainable development sticking to people-oriented principle.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 8 2. Policy, legal and administrative framework
Local Level
The local environmental protection department means the department in charge of environmental protection work directly under Zhejiang provincial government and local government, functions as followings:
Execute state guideline, policy, law and code of environmental protection, Study and draft out local code and regulation related to environmental protection administration under authorization and organize to actualize after approved. Carry out environmental impact assessment authorized by provincial government for important economic and technical policy, development plan and economic development plan.
Organize to work-out the environmental protection planning and the pollution prevention and ecology protection planning for determined key area and river basin in province, and supervise the execution. Prepare environment function area division. Work-out the total pollutant discharge control plan and the relative policy. Audit the environmental protection contents in general urban planning of city and key county (city). Participate in the preparation of sustainable development program of province.
Supervise and manage the pollution preventing work of atmosphere, water body, soil, solid waste, poisonous chemicals, noise, vibration and vehicle. Be responsible for ecological environment protection in countryside. Instruct, coordinate and supervise the sea environment protection work. Be responsible for discharge declaration, issuing discharge licence, managing discharging charge and time-limited pollution renovation work. Organize and coordinate the water pollution renovation work of key river basin.
Be responsible for administration and inspection works of environmental supervision and protection. Organize to inspect administration enforcement of environmental protection and carry out the responsibility system of administration enforcement. Invest, handle, coordinate and solve the environmental dispute, pollution accident, ecology damage event and important environmental issues between administrational districts.
Execute state technical policy on environmental protection, Be responsible for environment monitoring, statistics and information works, Supervise the execution of environmental monitoring system and criterion. Organize to establish and manage environment monitoring and information networks. Organise the monitoring of environmental quality and pollution source. Organise to prepare environment situation communiqué and environmental quality report, to issue periodically the environment situation of key city and river basin.
Manage international cooperation and intercourse of environmental protection. Participate and coordinate international cooperation of environmental protection in province. Manage, organize and coordinate executing action of international environmental protection convention in home and contact with foreign country. Manage foreign economic cooperation for environmental protection system. Coordinate and execute relative project using foreign capital. Be responsible for contacting with international environment protection organization. Carry out technical cooperation and academic exchanging activity in home and abroad
Undertake other affairs authorized by provincial government.
According to “Comments of Zhejiang provincial government general office on further standardizing and improving approval system of environmental impact assessment” ( Zhezhenbanfa (2008) No.59), the environmental impact assessment reports of all sub-projects are approved by local EPB, except for the report of Chengdong sewage treatment plant second period expansion engineering of Jiande City, it is approve by Zhejiang provincial environmental protection bureau. At the same time, the local EPB will be responsible for the environment supervision and management in construction and operation periods..
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 2. Policy, legal and administrative framework 9
2.2 APPLICABLE LAWS AND REGULATIONS
2.2.1 Framework for EIA
From Sep. 1, 2003, the domestic environmental impact assessment should be accorded to other relative law, code, regulation and guideline, in addition to “Law of the people’s republic of China on evaluation of environmental effects” (passed in Oct. 28, 2002). See table 2.2-1 for details. Table2.2-1 : Schedule of domestic policy framework of environmental impact assessment Type Name of the Document Effective Date Law of the People’s republic of China on environmental protection Dec. 26,1989 Law of the people’s republic of China on evaluation of environmental effects Sep.1,2003 Law of the people’s republic of China on water pollution prevention Jun. 1, 2008 Law of the people’s republic of China on city and country planning Jan. 1, 2008 Law of the people’s republic of China on prevention and control of environment Apr. 1, 2005 pollution caused by solid waste Water law of the people’s republic of China Oct. 1, 2002 Law of the people’s republic of China on prevention of atmosphere pollution Sep. 1, 2000 Prevention of environment pollution caused by noise Mar. 1, 1997 state Law of the people’s republic of China on water and soil conservation Jun. 29, 1991 Law of the people’s republic of China on protection of cultural relics Dec. 29, 2007 Regulations on administration of environmental protection for construction project Nov. 18, 1998 Regulations of the people’s republic of China on governmental information openness Mar. 1, 2008 Temporary method of public participation in environmental impact assessment Feb. 14, 2006 Laws & Sorted management list of environmental impact assessment for construction project Oct. 1, 2008 Regulations Notice regarding to strengthening management of environmental impact assessment Jun. 21, 1993 for construction project with international finance organization loan Provision on classified approval of environmental impact assessment document for Mar. 1, 2009 construction projct Regulations of Zhejiang Province on prevention of water pollution Sep. 19, 2008 Regulations of Zhejiang Province on prevention of atmosphere pollution Sep. 1, 2003 Regulations of Zhejiang Province on prevention of environment pollution caused by Jun. 1, 2006 solid waste Management method of Zhejiang Province on environmental supervision Sep. 1, 2006 local Management method of Zhejiang Province on environmental protection of construction Mar. 1, 2004 project Notice regarding to strengthening management of environmental impact assessment Feb. 14, 2007 Regulations of Zhejiang Province on protection of cultural relics Jan. 1, 2006 Regulations of Zhejiang Province on management of water source Jan. 1, 2003 Regulations of Zhejiang Province on management of QiantangRiver Apr. 1, 1998 Technical guideline of environmental impact assessmentGeneral （HJ/T 2.1-93） Apr. 1, 1994 Technical guideline of environmental impact assessment for atmosphere environment Apr. 1, 2009 （HJ 2.2-2008） Technical guideline of environmental impact assessment for Surface water Apr. 1, 1994 EIA Guidelines environment（HJ/T 2.3-93） Technical guideline of environmental impact assessment of a coustic environment Jul. 1, 1996 （HJ/T 2.4-1995） Technical guideline of environmental risk assessment of construction project Dec. 1, 2004 （HJ/T169-2004）
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 10 2. Policy, legal and administrative framework
2.2.2 Environmental Standards 2.2.2.1 Standard of water environmental quality
Surface Water Classifications and Quality Standards At present, the dividing standard of domestic surface water is mainly based on “Standard of surface water quality” (GB 3838-2002) enforced in Jun.1, 2002. It is divided into 5 grades according to environmental function and protection target of surface water area, based on function:
Grade-I Suitable mainly for headwaters, state natural protection area;
Grade-II Suitable mainly for class-I protection area of the surface water source for centralized drinking water, the habitat for rare hydrobios and fish and shrimp as well as the ground of feeding for parr;
Grade-III Suitable mainly for class-II protection area of the surface water source for centralized drinking water, the living ground in winter and the migration route for fish and shrimp, the fishing and swimming areas;
Grade-IV Suitable mainly for the water area of general industry water and the recreation water area non-contacted by human body;
Grade-V Suitable mainly for the water areas of agriculture and general landscape.
Standard of underground water quality（GB/T14848-1993）. 2.2.2.2 Discharge standard of water pollutant
Integrated sewage discharge standard （GB8978-1996）;
Water quality standard of sewage discharged into urban sewer （CJ3082-1999）;
Pollutant discharge standard of town sewage treatment plant （GB18918-2002）. 2.2.2.3 Standard of solid waste disposal
Control standard of pollutant in farming sludge（GB 4284-1984）;
Pollution control standard of living garbage landfill （GB16889-2008）;
Technical requirement of environment monitoring of living garbage landfill（GB/T 18772-2008）. 2.2.2.4 Other standards Environmental air quality standard （GB3095-1996）; Sanitation Standard of industrial enterprise design; Discharge standard of foul pollutant (GB14554-93); Acoustic environment quality standard（GB3096-2008）; Standard of environmental noise emission at boundary of industrial enterprise（ GB12348- 2008）; Integrated discharge standard of atmosphere pollutant（GB16297-1996）; Noise limit at boundary of construction site（GB12523-90）.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 2. Policy, legal and administrative framework 11
2.3 WORLD BANK SAFEGUARD POLICIES
The World Bank requires environmental assessment (EA) of projects proposed for financing to help ensure that they are environmentally sound and sustainable, and thus to support decision making. For any project processed with the participation of an International Funding Agency, in addition to the fulfilment of national requirements, the proponent must also satisfy the requirements of the funding organization. Environmental and social policies and requirements of the World Bank are presented in the following: Operational Policy 4.01, Environmental Assessment, January 1999 (including Annex A, Annex B, Annex C, dated January 1999); Operational Policy 4.04, Natural Habitats, June 2001; Operational policy 4.09, Pest management, December 1998; Operational Policy 4.11, Cultural Property, August 1999; Operational Policy 4.12, Involuntary Resettlement, December 2001; Operational Directive 4.20, Indigenous Peoples, September 1991; Operational Policy 4.36, Forests, September 1993 (including Annex A, dated March 1993); Operational Policy 4.37, Safety of Dams, October 2001; Operational Policy 7.50, Projects on International Waterways, June 2001; Operational Policy 7.60, Projects in Disputed Areas, June 2001; Operational Policy, BP17.50 Information Disclosure.
For the present ZSTEP, the following safeguards will be triggered: Operational Policy 4.01, Environmental Assessment; Operational Policy 4.11, Cultural Property: Operational Policy 4.12, Involuntary Resettlement; Operational Policy 4.37, Safety of Dams; In addition, the aide-memoire of the World Bank is also the basis for the implementation of the CEA.
2.4 ENVIRONMENTAL, HEALTH AND SAFETY POLICY(EHS)
2.4.1 World bank Environmental, Health, and Safety General Guidelines ; Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines- Waste Management Facilities ; Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines- Water and Sanitation.
2.4.2 Domestic "Production Safety Law of PRC " ; "Occupational Disease Prevention Law of PRC" ; "The People's Republic of China Disease Prevention Act"; "Construction projects (projects) to monitor the occupational safety and health regulations"; "Safe production license regulations";
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 12 2. Policy, legal and administrative framework
"Construction Safety Management Regulations"; "Workplaces where toxic substances used labor protection regulations" ; "Dangerous chemicals Management Regulations"; "The State Council on Further Strengthening the Work of safety"; "Harmful workplace exposure limits" (GBZ2-2002); "Productive construction projects on occupational health and safety prosecution of the Interim Provisions"; "Design of sanitary standards of industrial enterprises" (GBZ1-2002); "Production safety and health requirements General" (GB12801-91). During the operation of all sub-projects to take the appropriate occupational health and safety management measures, specifically Annex Ⅳ.
2.5 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY FRAMEWORK
2.5.1 Main environmental issues in Zhejiang
The water quality of river’s mainstream in Zhejiang Province is good basically. But part of the branches and the river sector flowing through towns are polluted in various degrees. The cannel, plain river network and inland rivers are polluted severely. The eutrophication phenomena exist in lakes and reservoirs. The eutrophication degreed in reservoir is lighter. The main pollution index are ammonia- nitrogen, total phosphor and BOD5 . The water quality of drinking water source in most of cities is good.
The coverage rate of acid rain in whole province reached to 92.2% in 2008, reduced by 0.4% compared with 2007. The country ecological environment is facing a great pressure. The pollution renovation task in countryside, especially for the near rural area of city, is very arduous. The solid waste, especially for the risk waste, is increasing year by year. The mass event caused by environment pollution is increased. In general, the ecological environment in Zhejiang Province is still frailty. The environmental problem already became the main factor to restrict the economic development and social stability in Zhejiang Province.
Drinking water resources protection in urban and rural areas is one of the tough environmental challenges facing the Provincial government, e.g., large portion of the Fu River remains unsafe for drinking water, i.e., water quality still below Class III of Environmental Quality for Surface Water.
In summary, urban and industrial growth in future, leading to increases in water demand and higher amounts of effluents will further degrade the quality of the Province’s waters if appropriate measures are not taken in time. Sustainable improvements in the water quality will require the treatment of wastewater released into the river systems in the Province.
2.5.2 Environmental Policies relevant to the Project
From the beginning of this century, Zhejiang provincial government issued a series of policies to commence carrying out the renovation of environmental pollution for Qiantang River Basin. Zhejiang Province began to study the pollution of Qiantang River Basin in 2001, and carried out the pollution renovation engineering for Qiantang River Basin in succession. The “811” 3-year action of environmental pollution renovation and new 3-year action of “811” environmental protection have been actualized since 2004, the renovating action of environmental pollution for 8 large water system, including Qiantang River Basin.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 2. Policy, legal and administrative framework 13
To release the pressure of social economy development to environment and resource, “Eleventh Five- year” environmental protection planning are prepared in Zhejiang Province and each city, county and district. Furthermore, the reduction target of total discharge is put forward. Chemical oxygen consumption in wastewater will be reduced by about 10%, the ammonia-nitrogen discharge will be reduced by about 15% compared with 2005 in 2010. Therein, the renovation of Qiantang River Basin pollution should be carried out according to the requirement of “the pollution renovation target should be higher than others, the renovation requirement should be much strict than others, the renovation progress should be faster than others, the renovation effect should be better than others”, Speeding up to actualize total discharge control plan of COD and ammonia-nitrogen pollutants.
In order to protect and improve economical environment in Zhehjiang Province and working hard for further raising sewage and garbage treatment level in city and town, Development Reform Commission, Construction Bureau and Environmental Protection Bureau of Zhejinag Province issue “Report on Construction planning of town sewage treatment and reusing facility of Zhejinag Province in “Eleventh Five-year” (2006 – 2010),
“Construction planning of non-harmful treatment facility for town living garbage”, putting forward the corresponding requirement on town sewage and garbage treatment. Therein, the average sewage treatment rate in province will reach to 74.59%，the non-harmful live garbage treatment in city reaches to 90%, and above 70% in town.
Furthermore, in order to improve fully the water environment quality of Qiantang River, the Working Group of Zhejinag Province in charge of renovation for environmental pollution issues “”Eleventh Five- year” planning of prevention of water pollution in Qiantang River Basin”. Up to 2010, the sewage treatment rate in city will reach to 90%, the key towns along the river should complete the construction of sewage treatment plant. The non-harmful disposal of living garbage in city should be higher than 90%, and 85% in town.
The Qiantang River Basin small town environment project is funded by World Bank. This will promote Zhejinag Province to reach the target of environmental protection planning, establish a series of “demonstrating projects” that can be copied to other regions in Zhejinag Province, and enhance environmental protection capacity.
2.5.3 Environmental quality objectives
Water Quality
General target of this project: assisting to improve the urban environmental infrastructure in small towns of Qiantang River Basin, prevent the water quality of Qiantang River Basin deteriorated and realize the water quality of Qiantang River reaching to Grade II – III standards. Therein, the tail water discharge from Chengdong sewage treatment plant second period expansion engineering of Jiande City, Chengdong sewage treatment plant of Xujiang district and Jianshan sewage treatment plant of Panan should execute the class-A standard in “Discharge standard of pollutant of town sewage treatment plant” (GB18918-2002). The tail water discharge from sewage treatment engineering (first period) in Youpu Town of Langxi City should execute class-B standard in “Discharge standard of pollutant of town sewage treatment plant” (GB18918-2002). The discharge of leachate from Meicheng landfill of Jingde City should meet the requirement on pollution control in “Standard of pollution control for living garbage landfill” (GB16889-2008).
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 14 2. Policy, legal and administrative framework
Air Quality
The environmental air quality of small towns in Qiantang River Basin should meet Class-II standard specified in “Standard of environmental air quality” (GB3095-1996). The main index, TSP、PM10、
SO2 、NO2, should be lower than the limits of maximum allowed discharge given in Class –II standard. The discharges, such as NH3、H2S、odour and methane, from sewage treatment plant should not exceed the maximum allowed discharge concentration given in “Discharge standard of pollutant of urban sewage treatment plant”(GB18918-2002) or “Discharge standard of stench pollutant” (GB14554-93). The waste gas produced in garbage landfill, such as NH3、H2S should meet the requirement specified in Discharge standard of stench pollutant” (GB14554-93).
Quality of Acoustic Environment
The environmental noise limits for five grades of environmental function areas are specified in “ Quality standard of acoustic environment” (GB3096-2008). Generally, the acoustic environment quality at the location of each sub-project executes Grade-II standard of living, business and industry mixing area. (day: 60dB, night: 50dB). The environmental noise emission limit at boundary of industrial enterprise is specified in “Emission standard of environmental noise at boundary of industrial enterprise” (GB12348- 2008). The emission standard of environmental noise at boundary for each sub-project executes Grade-II standard (day: 60dB, night: 50dB).
For environmental quality standard and execution of discharge standard for each sub-project, see table 2.5-1.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 2. Policy, legal and administrative framework 15
Fig. 2.5-1 Division of surface water function area in Qiantang River Basin
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 16 2. Policy, legal and administrative framework
Table2.5-1: Schedule of execution state of environmental quality standard and discharge standard for each sub-project
Sub-project Environmental quality standard Discharge standard (1)Environmental quality standard of surface water(GB3838-2002) Grade-Ⅲ; (1)Integrated discharge standard of sewage(GB8978-1996) Class-I; (2)Discharge standard of oil-smoke in catering industry(try out)(GB18483- (2)Environmental air quality standard(GB3095-1996) Class-II ; 2001); Zhuji Water Supply and (3)Sanitation standard of design for industrial enterprise(TJ36-97) ; (3)Emission standard of environmental noise at boundary of industrial Distribution (4)Quality standard of acoustic environment(GB3096-2008) Grade enterprise(GB12348-2008) Grade-II(At boundary of water supply plant),Grade -II(at Boundary of water supply plant) 、 Grade-IVa (layout of IV(layout of pipeline through main traffic road)). pipeline through main traffic road). (1)Environmental air quality standard(GB3095-1996) Class- II(GB3095-1996) Class-II; (1)Integrated emission standard of atmosphere pollutant(GB16297-1996); (2)Sanitation standard of design for industrial enterprise (2)Integrated discharge standard of sewage(GB8978-1996) Grade –I; design(TJ36-79) ; (3)irrigational water standard(GB5084-92) Grade-I; Wucheng Water Supply and (3)Environmental quality standard of surface water(GB3838-2002) (4)Emission standard of environmental noise at boundary of industrial Distribution Grade-II; enterprise(GB12348-2008) Grade-I; (4)Sanitation standard of drinking water(GB5749-85); (5)Noise limit at boundary of construction site(GB12523-90). (5)Quality standard of acoustic environment(GB3096-2008) Grade- I. (1)Environmental quality standard of surface water(GB3838-2002) (1)Standard of pollution control for garbage landfill(GB16889-2008); Grade-Ⅲ; (2)Integrated emission standard of atmosphere pollutant(GB16297-1996) (2)Underground water quality standard(GB/T14848-93) Grade-Ⅲ; Class-II; Jiande Meicheng Solid Waste (3)Environmental air quality standard(GB3095-1996) class-II; (3)Discharge standard of stench pollutant(GB14554-93) Class-II; Management (4)Quality standard of acoustic environment(GB3096-2008) Grade- (4)Noise limit at boundary of construction site(GB12523-90); II; (5)Emission standard of environmental noise at boundary of industrial (5)Sanitation standard of design for industrial enterprise(TJ36-97) . enterprise(GB12348-2008) Grade-II. (1)Integrated discharge standard of sewage(GB8798-96) Class-III; (2)Water quality of sewage discharged into sewer(CJ3082-1999; (1)Environmental quality standard of surface water(GB3838-2002) (3)Discharge standard of pollutant from town sewage treatment plant(GB18918-2002)Class-II(waste gas), Class-IA(outlet water of sewage Grade-Ⅱ; treatment plant) ; (2)Environmental air quality standard(GB3095-1996) Class-I; Jiande Wastewater Collection and (4)emission standard of environmental noise at boundary of industrial (3)Quality standard of acoustic environment(GB3096-2008) Grade- Treatment enterprise(GB12348-2008) Grade-II(At boundary of sewage treatment plant II (sensitive point) Grade-IV (area along network)); and sensitive point) , Grade IVa (main road along network); (4)Sanitation standard of design for industrial enterprise(TJ36-97). (5)Noise limit at boundary of construction site(GB12523-90).
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 2. Policy, legal and administrative framework 17
Sub-project Environmental quality standard Discharge standard (1)Discharge standard of pollutant from town sewage treatment plant(GB18918-2002) Class-II(waste gas) Class-IA(outlet water of sewage treatment plant) and the sludge stability control index; (1)Environmental air quality standard(GB3095-1996) Grade-II; (2)Water quality of sewage discharged into urban sewer(CJ3082-1999)(inlet); (2)Environmental quality standard of surface water(GB3838- (3)Emission standard of environmental noise at boundary of industrial Qujiang Wastewater Collection 2002)(GB3838-2002) Grade-Ⅲ; enterprise(GB12348-2008) Grade-II; and Treatment (3)Quality standard of acoustic environment(GB3096-2008) Grade (4)Noise limit at boundary of construction site(GB12523-90). –II; (5)《Pollutant control standard of sludge used in farming 》(GB4284-84) (4)Sanitation standard of design for industrial enterprise(TJ36-97). (6)《Control standard of storage and disposal field for general industrial solid waste》(GB18599-2001) (7)《Pollution control standard of storage for dangerous wastes》(GB18597- 2001)
(1)Environmental air quality standard(GB3095-1996) Grade-II; (1)Integrated discharge standard of sewage(GB8978-1996) Class-I; (2)Environmental quality standard of surface water(GB3838-2002) (2)Integrated emission standardof atmosphere pollutant(GB16297-1996); Pan’an Wastewater Collection Grade-Ⅲ; (3)Noise limit at boundary of construction site（GB12523-90）; (Yunshan) (3)Quality standard of acoustic environment(GB3096-2008) Grade- (4)Emission standard of environmental noise at boundary of industrial II(Panan new city proper) Grade -I(YunshAn tour area ). enterprise》（GB12348-2008）Grade-II(Panan new city proper) Grade-Ⅱ.
(1)Environmental air quality standard(GB3095-1996) Grade-II; (1)Integrated emission standardof atmosphere pollutant(GB16297-1996); (2)Environmental quality standard of surface water(GB3838-2002) (2)Noise limit at boundary of construction site（GB12523-90）; Pan’an Wastewater Grade-Ⅰ; Collection(Shenzhe) (3)Emission standard of environmental noise at boundary of industrial (3)Quality standard of acoustic environment(GB3096-2008) Grade- enterprise》（GB12348-2008）Grade-Ⅱ. II(Panan new city proper) Grade -I(YunshAn tour area ).
(1)《Water quality of sewage discharged into urban sewer》(CJ3082-1999); (1) Environmental quality standard of surface water(GB3838-2002) (2)《Discharge standard of pollutant from town sewage treatment plant》 Grade-Ⅱ; Pan’an Jianshan Town (GB18918-2002) Grade-II(waste gas) Grade I(A); (2)Environmental air quality standard(GB3095-1996) Grade-I; Wastewater Collection and (3) 《 Emission standard of environmental noise at boundary of industrial (3)Quality standard of acoustic environment(GB3096-2008) Grade Treatment 》 –II; enterprise (GB12348-2008) Grade-II(At boundary of sewage treatment plant (4)Sanitation standard of design for industrial enterprise(TJ36-97). and sensitive point) Grade IV(main road along network); (4)《Noise limit at boundary of construction site》(GB12523-90).
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 18 2. Policy, legal and administrative framework
Sub-project Environmental quality standard Discharge standard
(1)Environmental quality standard of surface water(GB3838-2002) Grade-III; (1)《Integrated discharge standard of sewage》(GB8978-1996) Grade-I; (2)Environmental air quality standard》(GB3095-1996) Grade-II; (2)《Integrated emission standard of atmosphere pollutant》(GB16297- Longyou Wastewater Collection (3)Sanitation standard of design for industrial enterprise(TJ36-79) ; 1996) Grade-II; (4)Quality standard of acoustic environment(GB3096-2008) Grade- II(Sensitive point) Grade-III(areas along network) and Grade IVa (3)《Noise limit at boundary of construction site》(GB12523-90). (both side of main road). (1)Integrated discharge standard of sewage(GB8978-1996) Grade-I; (1)Environmental air quality standard(GB3095-1996) Grade-II; (2)Integrated emission standardof atmosphere pollutant(GB16297-1996) (2)Environmental quality standard of surface water(GB3838-2002) Youbu Town(New District) grade-II; Grade-III; Wastewater Collection and (3)Noise limit at boundary of construction site(GB12523-90); (3)Quality standard of acoustic environment(GB3096-2008) Grade- Treatment (4)Emission standard of environmental noise at boundary of industrial II. enterprise(GB12348-2008) Grade-II. (1)Discharge standard of pollutant from town sewage treatment plant(GB18918-2002) Grad-II(waste gas) Grade-IB(outlet of plant) and sludge (1)Environmental air quality standard(GB3095-1996) Grade-II; stability control standard; (2)Environmental quality standard of surface water(GB3838-2002) (2)Water quality of sewage discharged into urban sewer (CJ3082-1999)(inlet Grade-III; Youbu Town(New District) water, ammonia-nitrogen); (3)Quality standard of acoustic environment(GB3096-2008) Grade- Wastewater Collection and (3)Integrated discharge standard of sewage(GB8978-1996) Grade-III (inlet II; Treatment & Youbu Old Town water); (4)Sanitation standard of design for industrial enterprise(TJ36-79) Infrastructure Project (4)Emission standard of environmental noise at boundary of industrial Maximum allowed concentration limit of harmful substance in air of enterprise(GB12348-2008) Grade-II; residence. (5)Noise limit at boundary of construction site(GB12523-90); (6)Pollution control standard of garbage landfill(GB16889-2008). (1)Integrated discharge standard of sewage(GB8978-1996) Grade-I; (1)Environmental quality standard of surface water(GB3838-2002) (2)Water quality of sewage discharged into urban sewer(CJ3082-1999); Grade-III; (3)Integrated emission standard of atmosphere pollutant(GB16297-1996) Infrastructure construction project (2)Environmental air quality standard(GB3095-1996) Grade-II; Grade-II; in Youbu Town of Langxi City (3)Quality standard of acoustic environmen(GB3096-2008) Grade- (4)Emission standard of environmental noise at boundary of industrial II. enterprise》(GB12348-2008) Grade-II; (5)Noise limit at boundary of construction site(GB12523-90).
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 3. Description of Project components 19
3. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT COMPONENTS
3.1 GENERAL
3.1.1 Project development objective
The general target of this project is to assist the small towns in Qiantang River Basin to improve urban environment infrastructure, to serve sustainable sewage and water supply and solid waste treatment for small towns taking proper collection, treatment or treatment measures. Establish a “demonstrating project” that can be copied to other regions in Zhejiang Province through complementing real investment combined with an organization and department innovation agenda with a clear definition.
The specific goal of this project: increase the pollution prevention and ecological protection of Qiantang River Basin, strengthen the renovation of point source and small town non-point source; speed the construction of environmental infrastructure, such as sewage treatment plant, drainage network and garbage landfill, in small towns of Qiantang River Basin; actualize the integrated renovation of pollution preventing and discharge reducing, focusing on source control; control the pollution load into Qiantang River; increase service personnel of sewage and garbage treating facility; further improve water supply network in small town; continuously increase service scope and personnel of water supply facility, ensuring the sustainable urban economical development; increase the protection of infrastructure in Youbu Town of Langxi City, prompting the development of touring industry.
3.1.2 Project components
The suggested project is consisted of 12 sub-projects, they are 2 water supply, 8 sewage treatment, 1 solid waste treatment and 1 old town infrastructure project, located in the 8 underdeveloped county- level cities, regions or towns at the up-and middle-streams of Qiantang River Basin, with a total investment of 214.62 million dollars. The project includes following types：
(1) Water supply project: there are 2 water supply sub-projects in total. They are located in Zhuji City and Wucheng District, respectively. The 90,000t/d of water supply capacity and a network about 115km will be newly increased, with a total estimated investment of 35.98 million dollars.
(2) Sewage treatment project: there are 8 sewage treatment sub-projects in total. They are located in Longyou County, Jiande City, Tonglu County, Panan County, Xujiang District and Langxi City. The 50,000t/d of sewage treatment capacity and a sewage network about 159km will be newly increased, with a total estimated investment of 158.44 million dollars.
(3) Solid waste treatment project: 1 solid waste treatment sub-project, located in Meicheng Town of Jiande City. First period volume is 210,000m3, with a total estimated investment of 20.25 million dollars.
(4) Old Town Infrastructure project:1 sub-project, located in Lanxi Youbu town, including road, river town of regulation, protection and related projects neighborhoods, with a total investment estimated 11.67 million dollars.
(5) Institutional Development: Institutional Strengthening and Training (IST)
The geographical location and project c omponents of each sub-project are shown in Fig.3.1-1 and table 3.1-1.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 20 3. Description of Project components
Fig. 3.1-1 : Projects location
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 3. Description of Project components 21
Table 3.1-1 : List of Subprojects Components
Sub-Projects Total WB Financing No. Population Consultants Components Investment Cities Sub-project title (USD millions) 2015(×104) FS EA (USD millions) Construction of (i) a raw water pumping station of 44,000 m3/d in existing power room, and Zhuji City, Zhuji Water Supply and 0.50 km x DN800 steel raw water transmission main, (ii) a 40,000 m3/d Qingshan water 1 28.4 ZURPDI ZGUEPEC 18.54 10.34 Shaoxing Distribution treatment plant; and (iii) 60 km x DN300 ~ DN800 ductile CI water distribution pipeline and a pumping station of 15,000 m3/d. Part 1: Construction of (i) a 0.17 km x DN800 steel gravity main from Xinfan reservoir, (ii) a Wucheng 50,000 m3/d Tangxi water treatment plant; (iii) a 12.7 km x DN800 ~ DN900 clear water main Wucheng Water Supply 2 District, 13.71 JMDI JEDRI Part 2: NBF: construction of (i) 3.2km clear water pipe and a 1,500 m3 Dongmenshan high 17.12 8.72 and Distribution Jinhua level clear water tank ; and (ii) 15.21km DN110-DN600 secondary pipe in Tangxi town and (iii) 24.38km DN110-DN315 secondary pipes in Jiangtang town Construction of the first phase (210,000 m3 capacity) of a sanitary landfill (610,000 m3 Jiande City, Jiande Meicheng Solid 3 18.58 ZURPDI ZBETE capacity); closure of three existing dump site; the construction of tertiary leachate treatment 20.01 10.90 Hangzhou Waste Management plant; and upgrading of garbage collection fleet. installation and commissioning of 24km of sewerage system and the 19,000 m3/d expansion Jiande City, Jiande Wastewater 4 15.67 ZURPDI ZEEC of Chendong WWTP (from 30,000 m3/d to 49,000 m3/d) and a 4,500m3/d lifting pumping 16.86 8.32 Hangzhou Collection and Treatment station. Construction of about 9.6 km of sewers with DN300 ~ DN1200, 10.5 km of storm water, and Qujiang Qujiang Wastewater Chengdong wastewater treatment plant with a capacity of 20,000 m3/d and a 1km discharge 5 Distrct, 7.41 ZURPDI ZIEPDI 25.20 14.43 Collection and Treatment pipe; (ii) 30.8 km of sewerage and 22 km of storm water networks in the west of Xiafei Quzhou Road ; and (iii) 4.2km ww pipes and 3.0km storm pipes in zhengxing/tongjiang road. Pan’an Wastewater Construction of a pumping station with capacity of 2,000m3/d, of Yunshan tourist resort area; 0.98 ZURPDI JEDRI 8.53 4.42 Collection (Yunshan) 17.1 km DN200 ~ 500 sewerage. Construction of (i) 2.30 km Cuxi river enbankment and 2 x 2.3km sewage pipes on the two Pan’an Wastewater Pan’an 3.90 JMDI HHEC sides of Cuixi river, (ii) 4.3 km of Panjin road expansion and associated sewage and storm 23.88 11.56 Collection(Shenzhe) 6 County, water pipelines, and (iii) 2 x 5 km of main sewers from Shenzhe to existing Anwen WWTP. Jinhua Pan’an Jianshan Town Construction of (i) 4.75 km of sewerage system of Jianshan Town; (ii) three pumping Wastewater Collection and 1.75 YPDI HYEPTC stations with capacities 3,500 m3/d, 2,000 m3/d and 3,000 m3/d; and (iii) Jianshan town 7.51 4.73 Treatment wastewater treatment plant with a capacity of 6,000 m3/d. Part I: Construction of (i) 7.272 km road with associated sewers, storm water pipelines, Longyou industrial water pipeline and drinking water pipeline. (ii) 1.7km of effluent discharge outlet; Longyou Wastewater 7 County , 5.68 HUCDRI HHEC (iii) 1.42km of water supply pipes, 1.465km of sewerage pipes and 1.445km of discharge 43.93 10.22 Collection Quzhou pipes to connect surrounding villages. Part II: NBF part - Construction of 11.81km road with associated sewers, storm water
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 22 3. Description of Project components
Sub-Projects Total WB Financing No. Population Consultants Components Investment Cities Sub-project title (USD millions) 2015(×104) FS EA (USD millions) pipelines, industrial water pipeline and drinking water pipeline. Tonglu Construction of (i) 5 km of road; (ii) 13 km DN300 ~ DN1400 wastewater pipelines and Tonglu Jiangnan Town 8 County, 1.39 HDPRI ZHEPC 13km storm water pipelines; and (iii) two pumping stations with capacity equal to 6,000 m3/d 19.50 8.61 Wastewater Collection Hangzhou and 6,000 m3/d (long term 12,000 m3/d) and 4.1km convey pipes. Youbu Town(New District) Wastewater Build a sewage treatment plant of 5,000m3/d with a tail water discharge pipeline (DN600) of 9 0.9 ZTCMC HLEEC Collection and 1.7km. Build sewage pipeline (DN800) of 12.2km. Langxi City, Treatment 11.54 6.08 Jinhua Upgrading of 1.70 km of ancient roads, storm water pipelines, and sewerage of DN300 ~ Youbu Old Town 10 0.9 HEG ZIEPDI DN600 in old town center; (iv) 1.5 km new roads with storm water pipelines and sewerage; Infrastructure Project and the rehabilitation of 0.74 km of river. HHEC:Hydrochina Huadong Engineering Corporation;ZURPDI: Zhejiang Urban&Rural Planning Design Institute; ZGUEPEC :Zhejinag Goushan Univisity Environmenal Protection & engineering Company; JMDI :Jinhua Municipal Designing Institute Co., Ltd.; JEDRI :Jinhua Environmental Design & Research Institute; ZBETE:Zhejiang Bohua Environmental Technology Engineering Co., Ltd; ZEEC :Zhejiang Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd; ZIEPDI :Zhejiang Industrial Environmental Protection Design Institute.; YPDI :Yiwu Planning & Design Institute;HYEPTC :Hangzhou Yida Environmental Protection Technology&Consulting Co.,Ltd; HUCDRI :Hangzhou Urban Construction Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd.; HDPRI :Hangzhou Development Planning &Research Insitute;ZHEPC: Zhejiang Huanlong Environmental Protection Co., Ltd;ZTCMC: Zhejiang Taining Construction Management Consulting Co., Ltd.; HLEEC :Hangzhou Lianqiang Environmental & Engineering Company; HEG :Huahui Engineering Group Ltd.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 3. Description of Project components 23
3.2 SUBPROJECTS PRESENTATION
World Bank fully supports the strategy of Zhejinag Province against the challenge on environmental ernovation for small towns in Qiantang River Basin. The urban environment pollution is increasing with the highly developed economy in Zhejiang Province. The construction of urban environment infrastructure is fail to keep up the economic development. The larger cities, such as Hangzhou, NinBo and ShaoXing, have got a good progress in urban environment control. However, it drops behind obviously in small towns, with a lower covering rate of infrastructure supply. At the same time, the small town is facing the severe challenge in organization, technic and finance, regarding to planning, operation and management of urban environment infrastructure as well as actualizing further urban environment management agenda.
The target of this project is to assist the small towns in Qiantang River Basin to improve urban environment infrastructure, to serve sustainable sewage and water supply and solid waste treatment for small towns. Establish a “demonstrating project ” that can be copied to other regions in Zhejiang Province through complementing real investment combined with a organization and department innovation agenda with a clear definition.
This project is mainly located in underdeveloped county-level cities and regions or counties at up- and middle-streams of Qiantang River Basin. The present 12 sub-projects (2 water supply projects, 8 sewage projects, 1 garbage disposal project and 1 old town infrastructure construction project) are distributed in 8 county-level cities and regions of 4 prefecture-level cities (Hangzhou, Shaoxi, Jinhua and Quzhou).
3.2.1 Sub-project Objectives
This project is mainly formed by 4 components, the water supply, sewage treatment, solid waste treatment and old town infrastructure construction sub-projects. The general object is to assist the improvement of urban environmental infrastructure of small towns in Qiantang River Basin, as followings: Support to develop rapidly the town economy Reduce the pollution impact of industrial wastewater and living sewage on environment Release the environmental problem caused by solid waste Protect water environment quality of Qiantang River Basin to meet the demand of urban development Improve residenter health in towns through enhancing urban and town sanitation condition.
Table 3.2-1 lists the construction target of each sub-project.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 24 3. Description of Project components
Table 3.2-1: Sub-project objectives
Sub-project Compo Objectives location nent Supply water to Anhua, Wangjiajing towns and contryside in north-west, improving driking water Zhuji City, WS condition in contryside. The popularity rate of water supply will reach to 100%. Shaoxi Realize integral water supply of city and contryside through uniting the uran network. Enlarge water supply range to raise popularity rate to 80%-90% in 3-5 years within area. Wucheng Distric, Ws Change the situation that the water is supplied only by Jinxi water plant. Supply safe drinking water to Jinhua Jinxi area. Close garbage landfills that are not conformed to the requirement in Meicheng, Yangcuqiao and Xiaya. Forbid to simply burn the living garbage in contryside The collection rate of living garbage reaches to above 95% and non-harmfull treatment rate reaches to 100% in service range. SW The location of living garbage sanitation landfill conforms to national standard Garbage landfill is designed according to “ Specification of sanitation landfill for urban living garbage “. The leachate ,gas emission and odor will meet the requirement specified in “Standard of pollution control Jiande City, for living garbage landfill” (GB16889-2008). Hangzhou Built sewage collection network and pumping station, raise the collection rate from 66% to 90%. The collected sewage will be sent to the newly built Chengdong sewage treatment plant and dischrged after treated to attain standard. WWTP Expand Chengdong sewage treatment plant, making the capacity of the plant meet near-future treatment requirement After Chengdong sewage treatment plant built, close Xinanjinag sewage treatment plant and change it into pumping station to pump the sewage to Chengdong sewage treatment plant Build sewage collection network, makeing the collection rate of living and industrial sewage reach to above 80%. The collected sewage will sent to the newly built Chengdong sewage treatment plant and Qujiang District, dischrged after treated to attain standard. WWTP Quzhou Build rain collection network, realizing seperaed discharge of rain and sewage in Xujiang District Build sewage treatment plant with corresponding capacity to meet the near-future demand of sewage treatment. Build sewage collection network in Shenze and Yunshan areas, raising collection rate from zero to 80%. The collected sewage will be sent to Anwen sewage system for treatment. Pan’an Actualize the renovaton of Cuixi Brook through Shenze, improving water quality of Cuixi Brook WWTP County,Jinhua through raising flood-proof standard and building sewage pipeline at both bank, then improving the resident environment of new city. Renovate Panan-Jinyun highway. Build comparatively perfact sewage collection network and pumping station to collect living sewage Pan’an Coun-ty and industrial wastewater in residence and industrial area. Realize the collection rate to above 80% before (Jianshan), WWTP 2015. Jinhua) Build sewage treatment plant with corresponcding capacity Integrate road, water supply, sewage, rain networks inside park and surrounding villages, making the Longyou water supply rate and sewage collection rate reach to above 90%. WWTP County,Quzhou Realize road passable between park and village Build tail water discharg pipeline for sewge treatment plant Build conrresponding road and network system to match developing construction of Jiangnan Town. Tonglu The road, sewage and rain discharge networks is included in construction content. Reaching the sewage County,Hangzho WWTP collection rate to 80%. u Fully use the capacities of Tonglu sewage treatment plant and Fengchuan pumping station. Send the sewage collected from Jiangnan Town to Tonglu Sewage treatment plant for treating. Build diffluen networks for sewage and rain, making the sewage collection rate in township and WWTP industrial park reach to 80%. The collected sewage will be sent to newly built sewage treatment plant and Langxi City, discharged after attained standard. Jinhua Repair and protect ancient street TI Renovate Zhenxi Brook and build landscape along river Improve resident environment of new city zone through improving traffic condition.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30)
3. Description of Project components 25
3.2.2 Organization for sub-projects development and management
The owner, units, execution organization, operation, management maintenance organizations of each sub-project are listed in table 3.2-2.
Table 3.2-2 : Project owners and future project implementing and operation agencies
Sub-project Project Owner execution Component Management, Operation and Maintenance location organization
Zhuji City Water supply Zhuji City Water Affairs Group Company Zhuji City Water Affairs Group Company
Wucheng Wucheng District Xinfan Water Water supply Newly established water supply company District Reservoir Management Office Jiande City Management & Comprehensive Solid waste Jiande landfill Jiande City Law Enforcement Bureau Jiande City Xinanjiang Wastewater Jiande City Xinanjiang Wastewater Treatment Plant Waste water Treatment Plant Co. Ltd. Co. Ltd.
Quzhou City Qujiang District Urban Rural Quzhou City Qujiang District Urban Rural Construction Qujiang District Waste water Construction Development Co. Ltd. Development Co. Ltd.
Waste water Pan’an County Shenze New Urban District Pan’an County Shenze New Urban District Const & Invest. (Shenze) Const & Invest. Co. Ltd. Co. Ltd.
Waste water Pan’an County Yunshan Developing Pan’an County Yunshan Developing Construction and Pan’an County (Yunshan) Construction and investment Co. Ltd. investment Co. Ltd.
Waste water Zhejiang Panan Industrial Park Development Zhejiang Panan Industrial Park Development and （Jianshan） and Investment Co. Ltd. Investment Co. Ltd.
Longyou Longbei Economic Construction Waste water Longbei Economic Construction Development Co Ltd. County Development Co Ltd.
Tonglu Jiangnan Township New countryside Tonglu Jiangnan Township New countryside Town & Tonglu County Waste water Town & Village Construction Co. Ltd. Village Construction Co. Ltd.
Lanxi Youbu Town Infrastructure Lanxi Youbu Town Infrastructure Construction Co. Ltd. Waste water Construction Co. Ltd. Langxi City Old town Lanxi Youbu Town Infrastructure Lanxi Youbu Town Infrastructure Construction Co. Ltd. infrastructure Construction Co. Ltd. construction
3.2.3 Water supply sector 3.2.3.1 Summary
There are 2 water supply sub-projects in this project, they are Qingshan water supply plant and matched network engineering and Tangxi water supply plant in Wucheng District of Jinhua City. A water supply capacity of 90,000t/d will be increased and a network of 115km will be newly built. 3.2.3.2 Main features
Main engineering contents and steps of water supply sub-project: Locating water source →building water supply network → build water supply plant→build matched water distributing network → users, for main features, see table 3.2-3.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 26 3. Description of Project components
Table 3.2-3: Summary for water supply components Item Unit Sub-project in Zhuji City Sub-project in Wucheng District
Ⅰ.Basic situation Kind - New construction New construction capacity m3/d 40000 50000
Served population (in 2015) ×104 28.4 13.7
Served population (in 2020 ) ×104 28.8 13.7
Reservoir as water source - Qingshan reservoir Xinfan reservoir
Reservoir volume ×104m3 780 3028
Ⅱ.Network distribution
Diameter of main pipeline mm DN800 DN800/DN900
Length of main pipeline km 0.5 9.021/6.945 Diameter of water supply mm DN300~800 DN110-DN60/ pipeline Total length of water supply km 59.5 15.21/24.38 pipeline Number of pumping station 2 0 Inlet pressured pumping station （40,000t/d）； Capaci of pumping staion m3/d - Middle pumping station （15,000t/d）. Ⅲ.Construction period
Construction period - 2010.7~2012.6 2010.3~2015.12
Ⅳ.Treatment process Strengthened conventional Conventional process process Treatment process - (coagulating －flocculating (Water in－ coagulating－ －depositing －－ filtering listerizing ) depositing －－filtering water out)
3.2.4 Waste water sector 3.2.4.1 Summary
The waste watert sub-projects are located in Longyou Conunty, Tonglu County, Pan’an County, Qujiang District and Langxi City,. Therein, the sub-projects in Longyou County, Pan’an County and Tonglu County are the sewasge treatment plant matched network engineering, the sub-projects in Jiande City, Qujiang District, Youbu Town of Langxi City and Jianshan Town of Pan’an County are newly building sewage treatment plant and matched network engineering. A treatment capacity of 50,000t/d will be increased and a sewage pipeline of 159 km will be newly built. 3.2.4.2 Main features
The main engineering contents and steps of sewage treatment sub-projects: determine service range → sewage collection(build sewage network) → treated in plant → discharge (build water distributing pipeline → receiving water body. For main features, see Table 3.2-4~3.2-5.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30)
3. Description of Project components 27
Table3.2-4 : Main features of sub-project for sewage treatment plant Jianshan Town Item Unit Jiande City Qujiang District of Pan’an Langxi City County Ⅰ.Water demand 2015 Served 4 ×10 15.7 7.4 2.6 0.8 population Domestic water 1.6 0.6 0.3 0.1 Water supply in 4 3 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.02 tertiary industry ×10 m /d Industrial water 3.7 2.20 0.5 0.7 Total 5.8 2.9 0.8 0.8 2020 Served 4 ×10 16.6 10.0 3.8 1.2 population Domestic wate 2.0 0.9 0.5 0.1 Water supply in 4 3 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.02 tertiary industry ×10 m /d Industrial water 3.7 4.8 0.9 1.1 Total 6.3 6.0 1.5 1.2 Ⅱ.Sewage quantity 2015 Rate of sewage 80 80 80 80 production Loss rate of % 20 20 20 40 leakage Leakage rate 20 20 20 20 Sewage output ×104m3/d 4.4 2.3 0.6 0.5 2020 Rate of sewage 80 80 80 80 production Loss rate of % 20 20 20 20 leakage Leakage rate 20 20 20 20 Sewage output ×104m3/d 4.8 4.6 1.2 0.9 Ⅲ.Sewage network Sewage Sewage Length of network:17.245 km km 24 network:44.4km 5.75 network Rain Rain network:35.3km network:7.32km Inner diameter sewage： DN200~1200 mm DN200-1500 DN300-800 DN300-1200 of pipeline rain： DN200~1500 Number of pumping 1 0 3 1 station Ⅳ.treatment facility
Capacity 4 3 ×10 m /d 3.0+1.9 2.0 0.6 0.5 (near-future) Capacity 4 3 ×10 m /d 4.9 5.0 1.2 0.9 (far-future) Engineering - Built & expanded Newly build Newly build Newly build kind Sewage discharge ×104m3/d 4.9 2.0 0.60 0.9 (near-future) Accepting - Xinganjiang River Qujiang River Xiajiaxi Brook Qujiang River water body Ⅴ.engineering construction Construction - 2010.12~2012.6 2010.3~2014.12 2010.7~2011.12 2010.6~2014.12 period to Shouchang to Dongbeitaidi Disposal of to Xubalong landfill of - fuyilong landfill of landfill of Pan’an to Langxi landfill residual sludge Xuzhou City Jiande City County
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 28 3. Description of Project components
Table3.2-5 : Main technical features for sub-project of sewage network Panan County Item Unit Longyou County Tonglu County Shenze area Yunshan area Ⅰ.Water demand 2015 Served population ×104 5.6 0.7 3.9 2.0 Domestic water 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.2 Water supply in 0.1 4 3 0.1 0.01 0.1 tertiary industry ×10 m /d Industrial water 3.5 0.7 0.3 0 Total 3.9 0.7 0.9 0.30 2020 Served population 10.6 1.3 6.2 3.0 Domestic water 0.7 0.1 0.9 0.4 Water supply in 0.1 4 3 0.2 0.03 0.2 tertiary industry ×10 m /d Industrial water 7.0 1.3 0.7 0 Total 7.8 1.4 1.8 0.5 Ⅱ.Sewage quantity 2015 Rate of sewage 80 80 80 80 production Loss rate of % 20 20 20 20 leakage Leakage rate 20 20 20 20 Sewage output ×104m3/d 3.0 0.6 0.7 0.2 2020 Rate of sewage 80 80 80 80 production Loss rate of % 20 20 20 20 leakage Leakage rate 20 20 20 20 Sewage output ×104m3/d 6.0 1.1 1.4 0.4 Ⅲ.sewage network Sewage network：19.08 Direct discharge Length km pipeline:1.7 27.185 18.9 17 Rural sewage pipeline:1.445 Inner diameter mm DN300-DN1500 DN300~1400 DN300~600 DN200~500 Number of 0 2 0 1 pumping station Ⅳ.Treatment facility Treatment capacity ×104m3/d 4.0 6.0 3.5 3.5 (near-future) Treatment capacity ×104m3/d 8.0 - 5.0 3.0 (far-future Kind - building built built built Sewage discharge ×104m3/d 4.00 2.0 1.5 1.5 Receiving water Fuchengjian - Qujiang River Wenxi River Wenxi River body River Ⅴ. Construction period Construction 2010.6~2015.12 2010.11~2015.12 2011.1~2015.12 2010.8~2014.3 period
3.2.4.3 Inlet and outlet water quality of sewage treatment facility
Table 3.2-6 lists the inlet and outlet water quality of sewage treatment facility in sewage treatment project.
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3. Description of Project components 29
Table 3.2-6 : Inlet and outlet water quality of sewage treatment plant Unit :mg /L
City Sub-project Item CODCr BOD5 SS NH3-N TN TP
Chengdong sewage Inlet 350 150 200 25 35 3.5 treatment plant outlet Class-I Hangzhou second period 50 10 10 5 15 0.5 (mg/L) (A) engineering of Jiande City Removal rate (%) 85.7 93.3 95.0 80.0 57.1 85.7
inlet 370 200 300 35 - 4 chengdong sewage treatment plant and outlet Quzhou (A) 50 10 10 20 - 0.5 matched network (mg/L) engineering Removal rate (%) 86.5 95.0 96.7 42.9 - 87.5
Sewage treatment Inlet (mg/L) 500 180 350 - 25 3 plant and matched Class-I network engineering Outlet 60 20 20 - 8 1 (B) in Youbu Town of Langxi City Removal rate (%) 88.00 88.89 94.29 - 68.0 66.7 Jinhua inlet 400 150 200 30 40 4 Jianshan sewage Outlet Class-I treatment plant in 50 10 10 5 15 0.5 (mg/L) (A) Panan County Removal rate (%) 87.5 93.3 95.0 83.3 62.5 87.5
3.2.4.4 Sewage treatment process
Table 3.2-7 lists the treatment process used in each sub-project.
Table 3.2-7 : Sewage treatment process of each sewage sub-project Capacity City Sub-project Kind 3 Treatment process (m /d) Chengdong sewage treatment plant second period Hangzhou Expanding 19000 Oxidation ditch engineering in Jiande City Chengdong sewage treatment plant and matched Xuzhou Newly build 20000 SBR network engineering in Xujiang District Sewage treatment plant and matched network Jinhua Newly build 5000 MSBR engineering in Youbu Town of Langxi City Jianshan sewage treatment plant engineering in Panan Jinhua Newly build 6000 Oxidation ditch +ABFT County
3.2.5 Solid waste sector
There only 1 garbage disposal project, i.e. Meicheng garbage landfill in Jiande City, its main situation is given in table 3.2-8. For layout of this engineering, see Fig. 3.2-1.
The project also involves meicheng jiuwu, yangcunqiao, xiaya existing landfill closure. These three landfills are detailed inTable 3.2 -9 and Figure 3.2-2~4.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 30 3. Description of Project components
Table 3.2-8: Schedule of main feature of solid-waste disposal project Item Meicheng garbage landfill served population in 2008(×104) 18.07 Served population in future(×104) In 2015：18.58;in 2020： 18.96 Living garbage output（t/d） In 2015： 176.53;in 2020： 189.57 Collection quantity（t/d） In 2015： 167.70;in 2020： 180.09 Ⅰ.Newly built garbage transporting system For Meicheng, Yangchuqiao, and xiaya with intermediate repeater, the garbage is sent to Collecting and transporting Meicheng landfill after compressed in intermediate repeater. For that without intermediate system repeater, the garbage is collected from village and compressed directly and then sent to Meicheng landfill。 Ⅱ.Newly built landfill Clearing earthwork, garbage dam engineering, leakage system, leading system of Description of facilities in landfill underground water, leachate treatment system , landfill gas venting and treatment, field coverage and ecological restoration Land area(hm2) 20 Storage capacity(×104m3) 21 ( in first period) ; Landfill limit(year) First period:3 years; Transportation distance( km) / Top length: 76m，，， bottom length: 55m Height: 8m Garbage dam in first period Roller-compacted rock dam Permanente road of 0.6km, with a width of 6.0m and concrete surface. A temporary road of Plant road 0.5km, with a width of 4.0 m and dinas surface. Earthwork(×104m3) 1.1 The leakage-proof layers used on side slope, from top to bottom, are bagged soil with a thickness of 300mm., non-woven geotextile of 600g/m2,, geomembrane (grain side) with a thickness of 2.0mm HDPE, mixed bentonite GDL liner with a thickness of 6mm, pressed clay protection layer and foundation layer with a thickness of 300mm, respectively. Leakage-proof measures The leakage layers used on the bottom of the landfill, from top to bottom, are detritus drainage layer (granule diameter:32mm-64 mm) with a thickness of 45cm, non-woven geotextile of 600g/m2, mixed bentonite GDL liner with a thickness of 6mm, Pressed soil protection layer and foundation layer after the bottom leveled, with a thickness of 300mm, respectively. Garbage leachateoutput(m3/d) 200 Ring offtake around landfill area and offtake along patrol inspection path after field closed. A Rain drainage system in field mortar bonded stone intercepting ditch (with a width of 1.0m and height of 1.5m) of 0.7 km, a soil-side ditch (1.5×1.0m) of 1.5 km. The underground water is collected with blind ditch. It is dug along slope direction in first period. Secondary blind ditch is dug, vertical to main ditch, at the bottom opening. Lay a layer of fine sand with a thickness of 100mm in the ditch as a liner. On it lay drilled HDPE pipe of Underground water drainage DE100-DE200, then fill the main and secondary ditches with detritus (φ20～ 60 ). In order to system prevent the fine sand and the particulate matter in underground water to block the pipe, wrap the detritus (φ20～ 60) and drilled pipe with non-woven cloth to form a inverted filtering layer. Lead HDPE pipe to the drain after going through garbage dam.
Garbage leachate collection Lay drilled HDOE pipe wrapped with non-woven geotexitle in ditch, with a total length of system 1.5km. Volume of leachate regulating 15,000 m3，laid with leakage-proof liner, equipped with floating cover and HDPE leakage- pool(m3) proof film of 0.5mm Newly built garbage leachate treatment station nearby Wumazhou Industry Group sewage Garbage leachate finally to treatment plant Garbage leachate feeding system Sewage pumping station and sewage HDPE pipeline (DN200) of 1.0km含污水 Garbage leachate treatment Build a leachate treatment system (nitrogen removal tower – UASB anaerobic tank – process denitrifying tank – nitrifying tank – over-filer – reverse osmosis Landfill gas venting system Venting landfill gas with vertical exhaust shaft导排 Landfill treatment system Vented after burned in first period engineering, utilized in second period engineering Landfill gas outpu(m3) 20 millions m3 in first period Ⅲ.Colse present landfills Close meicheng jiuwu, yangchunqiao and xiawa landfills. Cover with film and soil on surface, dig ditch and mount barbed fence, equip with leachate regulating pool and recharge facility downstream. The residual laechate will be collected and sent to Meicheng garbage landfill for treating by dung sucking cart
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30)
3. Description of Project components 31
Fig. 3.2-1 General layout of first period engineering of Meicheng landfill in Jiande City
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 32 3. Description of Project components
Fig. 3.2-2 Environment diagram of xiaya landfill
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30)
3. Description of Project components
Fig. 3.2-3 Environment diagram of Meicheng jiuwu landfill
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 34 3. Description of Project components
Fig. 3.2-4 Environment diagram of Yangcunqiao landfill
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3. Description of Project components 35
Table 3.2-9: The list of three existing landfills Situation Capacity Information Item established Garbage Impervious Waste (×104m3) Note year Composition measure dam 1 Dam, Established a high-pressure pump, high High pressure pump 1 set of pool a high, high Xiaya landfill 8.0 2004 garbage no 11m, nozzle 1 set, a sedimentation tank, a septic Length tank, leachate collection pool 50m3. 60m 1 Dam, Meichen jiuwu No leachate collection pond. Digging deep 30.0 1997 garbage no Length landfill is simple. 80m 1 Dam, Leakage of liquid waste is collected through Yangcunqiao 4.0 2003 garbage no Length the use of pump stations to upgrade it back landfill 50m to spray on the Dump.
3.2.6 Infrastructural construction in old town
There is only 1 old town infrastructure construction project in this project, i.e. old town infrastructure construction project in Youbu Town of Lnagxi City, including three parts, town road construction, municipal pipeline laying, Guxi Brook renovation and landscape construction.
For main technical features of the old town infrastructure construction, see table 3.2-10 and fig.3.2-5 for details. Table 3.2-10 : Schedule of components of old town infrastructure construction project in Youbu Town Item Youbu Sub-project Ⅰ.Road construction Ancient street surface laying
Zhongshan Street 560m (From police station to sauce plant) , with a red-line width of 3-5m) 600m (From Shangshong administration office to grain depot)， with a red-line width Jiefang Stree of 3-6m Road construction in new district Tianfu road 424m(from Yongxing Road in north to Yongfu Road in south), with a width of 24m Yongxing Road 340m(From Jiaoshan – 330 connection in west to Yongfu Road in east), 24m , with a width of 24m Yongfu Road 714m(from Tianfu Road in west to Pingan Road in west) , 15m, with a width of 15m Ⅱ.Municipal pipeline laying Rain pipeline Pipeline in ancient street 1.7km， DN300~600. 1.5km(714m in Yongfu Road,DN200~600; 340m inYongxi Road, DN200~800; 424m Pipeline newly built road in Tianfu Road, DN200~600). Sewage pipeline Pipeline in old street 1.7km, DN300~600. 1.5km(714m in Yongfu Road, DN300; 340m in Yongxi Road, DN300; 424m in Tianfu Pipeline newly built road Road,DN300). Ⅲ.Guxi Brook renovation and landscape construction Build a river bank of 740m for Youbu Brook, from Nanshuiba in south of Yongji Bridge Rriver rehabilitation to highroad bridge sector in north Construct greening area of 4000m2 at both banks of Youbu Brook, planting mainly Bank greening weeping willows assistant with other sighting plant ,such as metasequoia, sherry- apple tree and flowering peach.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 36 3. Description of Project components
Fig 3.2-5 Distribution of old town infrastructure in Youbu Twon
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 3. Description of Project components
3.2.6.1 Road construction
(1) Ancient street surface laying
① Current ancient street situation
Jiefang Street and Zhongshan Street are tow large ancient streets, the Youbu Brook traverses through the town in south to north direction. Youbu Town has been prosperous in commerce since ancient time. Jiefang Street and Zhongshan Street are rough cement-faced road with bumps and hollows. The buildings in the street are divided into 3 types. The first, two- floor brick and wood structure buildings neatly located at sides of the street, the ground floor is used as a shop and the second floor or rear rooms are for residence. The second, large Shikuman style buildings, there are several storefronts and workshop in it , e.g. Yulong Cloth Shop. Some of fames firms, such as money houses and hockshops are not facing to street, but in deep alleys, such as Xietong Hockshop. And the third, it is changed from resident home into shop for lack of shops or seasonably, such as Zhenyuan Cocoon Firm.
②Road surface laying in Zhongshan Street
Because there are many shops at both sides of the street, the Zhongshan Street will restructured as following, considering the future development of business and convenience of goods circulation:
Surface layer: Stone (newly build) , 15cm Mu40
Foundation layer: Cement mortar (newly build) , 3cm M10
Bottom foundation layer: concrete (newly build), 15cm C20
Roadbed: Slag larger than 30cm (renovate)
③ Jiefang Road surface laying
Because most of the buildings at the road side are resident homes and protected well, suggest to restructure the road as following, considering to protect the old town as it was:
Surface layer: cordierite plate (newly build) 8cm
Foundation layer: Cement mortar (newly build) , 3cm M10
Bottom foundation layer: concrete (newly build), 15cm C20
Roadbed: Slag larger than 30cm (renovate)
(2) Road construction in new area
① Tianfu Road
It is from Yongxi Road in north and to Yongfu Road in south, with a total length of 424m and a width of 24m, adopting asphaltum road surface. Road section: footpath (4.5m) + roadway (15m) + footpath (4.5m)
② Yongxi Road it is From Jiaoshan – 330 connection in west to Tianfu Road in east with a total length of 340m and a width of 24m, adopting asphaltum road surface. Road section: footpath (4.5m) + roadway (15m) + footpath (4.5m)
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 38 3. Description of Project components
③Yongfu road
It is from Tianfu Road in west to Pingan Road in east with a total length of 714m and a width of 15m, adopting asphaltum road surface. Road section: footpath (3m) + roadway (9m) + footpath (3m).
The road linetype index of Tianfu, Yongxi and Yongfu Road are listed in Table 3.2-11, for the road section of each road, see Fig.3.2-6 to Fig. 3.2-8.
Table 3.2-11: Road linetype index Spec. value Adopted value No. Item Unit Urban sub truck road Urban road (Main truck road) 1 Design velocity km/h 40 40 Plane linetype
Minimum radius of General valvue m 300 2 circular curve Limit value m 70 3 Minimum radius of circular curve without height m 300 limit Minimum radius of circular curve without 4 m 500 easement curve 5 Minimum length of circular curve m 35 6 Minimum length of flat curve m 70 7 Length of flat curve less than or equal to 7° m 500/α 8 Maximum lateral grade of super-high % 2 Vertical section linetype
9 Maximum longitudinal grade % 8 2.5 10 Minimum slope length m 110 110 11 Minimum longitudinal grade % 0.3 0.3 General Minimum radius of protruding m 400 1200 12 value vertical curver Limit value m 600 General Minimum radius of protruding m 450 4000 13 value vertical curve Limit value m 700 Others 14 Minimum length of vertical curve m 35 36 15 Minimum stop sight m 40 40 16 Standard axle load KN BZZ-100 BZZ-100
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 3. Description of Project components
Fig. 3.2-6 Transect of Tianfu Road
Fig. 3.2-7 Transect of Yongxi Road
Fig. 3.2-8 Transect of Yongfu Road
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 40 3. Description of Project components
3.2.6.2 Municipal pipeline engineering
The municipal network engineering includes the sewage and rain pipeline laying in Zhongshan Street, Jiefang Street, Tianfu Road, Yongxi Road and Yongfu Road.
Engineering quantity of sewage and rain network renovation project is listed in Table 3.2-12, for the Engineering quantity sewage and rain network construction in newly built road, see Table 3.2-13 ~Table 3.2-15.
Table 3.2-12 Engineering quantity of rain and sewage network renovation in Jiefang and Zhongshan Streets Item No. Description Spec. Quantity
1 Class-I armored concrete pipe DN300 1200m
2 Class-I armored concrete pipe DN400 418m Rain pipeline 3 “door” style outlet / 7
4 Rain inspection chamber 700X700 54
1 Class-I armored concrete pipe DN250 1660m Sewage pipeline 2 Sewage inspection chamber ∮700 114
Table 3.2-13 Engineering quantity of rain and sewage network renovation in Tianfu Road Item NO. Description Spec. Quantity 1 Rain inspection chamber ∮1250 3 2 Rain inspection chamber ∮1000 21 3 Mud trap ∮1250 1 4 Mud trap ∮1000 2 5 Gully 42 Rain pipeline 6 Class-I armored concrete pipe DN600 75 m 7 UPVC（SN8） DN500 225 m 8 UPVC（SN8） DN400 78 m 9 UPVC（SN8） DN300 172 m 10 UPVC（SN8） DN200 391 m 1 Sewage inspection chamber ∮1000 18 Sewage pipeline 2 Mud trap ∮1000 4 3 UPVC（SN8） DN300 500 m
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 3. Description of Project components
Table 3.2-14 : Engineering quantity of rain and sewage network renovation in Yongxi Road Item No. Description Spec. Quantity 1 Rain inspection chamber ∮1250 3 2 Rain inspection chamber ∮1000 11 3 Mud trap ∮1250 2 4 Mud trap ∮1000 1 5 Gully 27 6 “Door” style outlet Water outlet 1 Rain pipeline 7 Class-I armored concrete pipe DN800 14m 8 Class-I armored concrete pipe DN600 99m 9 UPVC（SN8） DN500 125m 10 UPVC（SN8） DN400 62m 11 UPVC（SN8） DN300 75m 12 UPVC（SN8） DN200 207m 1 Sewage inspection chamber ∮1000 10 Sewage pipeline 2 Mud trap ∮1000 3 3 UPVC（SN8） DN300 307m
Table 3.2-15 : Engineering quantity of rain and sewage network renovation in Yongfu Road Item No. Description Spec. Quantity
1 Rain inspection chamber ∮1250 3
2 Rain inspection chamber ∮1000 21
3 Mud trap ∮1250 1
4 Mud trap ∮1000 2
5 Gully 42 Rain pipeline 6 Class-I armored concrete pipe DN600 75 m
7 UPVC（SN8） DN500 225m
8 UPVC（SN8） DN400 78 m
9 UPVC（SN8） DN300 172 m
10 UPVC（SN8） DN200 391 m
1 Sewage inspection chamber ∮1000 18
Sewage pipeline 2 Mud trap ∮1000 4
3 UPVC（SN8） DN300 500 m
3.2.6.3 Town Creek remediation and landscaping works
This subject includes remediation on youbu river,about 740m length, including river regulation, water landscape construction and greening, but does not involve dredging sediment. River regulation and touring landscape works as shown in Fig. 3.2-9.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 42 3. Description of Project components
Fig. 3.2-9 Location of renovation and landscape engineering of Youbu Brook
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 3. Description of Project components 43
3.2.6.4 Cultural relics protection
The city-level cultural relics protection object within the impact range of this project are 4 ancient bridges according to “List of non-movable cultural relics distribution in third survey”. See table 3.2-16 and Fig.3.2-10.
Table 3.2-16: Cultural relics protection objects within area impacted by engineering Protection No. Protection object Location Simple introduction requirement Double-aperture stone arch bridge built in Qing B1 Yongji Bridge In south end of Youbu Brook dynasty, in east - west In south middle ofYoubu B2 Yongfu Bridge Single-aperture stone arch bridge City-level Ancient Brook cultural relics bridge Double-aperture level bridge built in Qing dynasty, in B3 Yongan Bridge In middle of Youbu Brook object east – west. Built in the Qing Dynasty, ax-shaped double-arch B4 Taiping Bridge In north of Youbu Brook stone bridge piers,int east-west.
Fig.3.2-10 Distribution of cultural relics protection object within area impacted by engineering
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 44 4. Baseline environmental conditions
4. BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
4.1 PHYSICAL AND NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
4.1.1 General Settings
Zhejiang Province is at south wing of China southeast costal Yangtze Delta (east longitude 118°01'- 123°10', north latitude 27°02'-31°11'), and it joins eastwards with East Sea, southwards with Fujian, westwards with Jiangxi and Anhui and northwards with Shanghai and Jiangsu. It has continental area 103800km2 and total population 51.2 million and its provincial capital is Hangzhou City in Qiantang River Basin.
Zhejiang has complex landform, and its mountainous land and hills account for 70.4% of total area, plains and basins for 23.2%, and rivers and lakes for 6.4%. Zhejiang has wide sea area, many islands and total costal line 6486km, the first in China.
Zhejiang Province has many rivers, including main water systems such as Tiaoxi River, Gland Canal, Qiantang River, Yongjiang River, Jiaojiang River, Oujiang River, Feiyunjiang River and Aojiang River and they independently flow into sea or to small rivers of adjacent provinces. Qiantang River is the biggest river of this province and flows through Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi and Fujian. Upstream Ganpu the basin area is 49876km2, and main stream length 583km, and the basin area upstream Hangzhou Zhakou is 41945km2.In this province the basin area is about 35500km2, accounting for 36.2% total land area of the province. In Qiantang River Basin there are many towns, the population is highly centralized and its total population accounts for 32% of total population of the province. Qiantang River Basin is a fast economical-developed area in Zhejiang Province and its GDP accounts for about 43.1% of total GDP of the entire province.
Fig. 4.1-1: Zhejiang Administrative Boundaries Map
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 4. Baseline environmental conditions 45
As per “Bulletin of environmental state of Zhejiang Province of 2008”, in Qiantang River Basin, quantity of type I-III water sections accounts for 73.3% of total ones and the sections meeting functional requirements account for 73.3% of total ones 62.2%. The main contaminated river sections include Jinhuajiang River, Dongyangjiang River, Nanjiang River, Wuyijiang River and Pujiang River section of Puyangjiang River and the main contamination indicators are NH3-N, BOD5 andTP.
4.1.2 Climate
Qiantang River Basin is in Middle Asia topical region which is characterized by distinct four seasons, adequate air temperature, sufficient rainfall and sunshine, long winter and summer and short spring and autumn, and it is typical sub-tropical monsoon wet climate. Its annual mean air temperature is 16.1~17.7℃, annual mean RH is generally 70%~80%, in the entire basin the annual mean sunshine duration is 1200~1900 hours, annual mean rainfall 1200~2200mm and annual mean evaporation 800~1000mm.
The climate conditions of locality of each sub-project are shown in Table 4.1-1.
Table 4.1-1 : List of climate conditions of locality of each sub-project
Region Longyou Tonglu Pan’an Zhuji City Lanxi City Quzhou City Jiande City Jinhua City Item County County County Annual mean air 16.2 17.7 17.3 17.1 17.5 16.5 17.5 15~18 temperature (℃ ) Extreme highest air temperature 39.7 41.3 40.5 41.0 40.0 40.2 41.2 39.4 ()℃ Extreme lowest air temperature -13.4 -8.2 -10.4 -11.4 -5.2 -5.3 -9.6 -12.8 ()℃ Annual mean RH 75 76 79 79 77.7 78 77 77 (%) Annual mean 1315.9 1469.5 1666.7 1602.6 1428 1500 1424 1550 rainfall (mm) Annual mean wind 1.82 1.6 2.34 3.0 1.65 1.5 2.5 2.7 velocity (m/s) Annual prevailing NNE N ENE ENE NE WNW E SE wind direction
4.1.3 Topography, Soils and Land use
Qiantang River Basin is surrounded by mountains and mountains in the basin are basically in northeast trend. The relief is basically high in southwest and low in northeast. Its geomorphy is divided into mountainous land, basin and plain and there are more hills and few plains.
The soil in Qiantang River Basin is divided into 10 types (red earth, yellow earth, yellow brown earth, mountain meadow soil, purple soil, limestone soil, skeleton soil, Aquoll, solonchak and rice soil). ZHUJI CITY
Zhuji City is at south wing of Yangtze Delta and south of Qiantang River and belongs to intersection region of between Zhejiang southeast hilly land and Zhejiang northwest hilly land and Kuijishan Mountain Chain runs southeastwards. The west mountain area consists of Longmenshan Mountain Chain and its east, south and west are surrounded by mountains. The area of mountainous land hills accounts for 70.17% of total area, area of river for 2.46% and area of crop land for 20.4%. The project- sited area is shallow loess area, the surface layer is 0.3～0.5m-thick humus-bearing tillable land and its underlying is sub-clay and light sub-clay.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 46 4. Baseline environmental conditions
LANXI CITY
Lanxi is at north of Jinqu Basin and middle stream of Qiantang River and is the intersection of Qujiang River, Wujiang River (Jinhuajiang River) and Lanjiang River in upstream of Fuchunjiang River. Lanxi City belongs to typical hill bank geomorphy. The area of hills accounts for 51.9% of total area, that of plain for 34.73% and that of mountainous land and water for 13.38%. its landform is basically high in southeast and north and low in middle and opened southwestwards and northeastwards.its region contains 5 great groups of soil (red earth, yellow earth, rock soil, Aquoll and, rice soil) in 11 subgroups, 34 soil genuses and 60soil species. QUZHOU CITY
Quzhou City is in valley plain belt between Qujiang River and Wuxijiang River, is the grade-II terrace of 2 rivers, and has flat relief and elevation ca. 65m. west bank and north bank of Qujiang River and east bank of Wuxijiang River and south urban area is hilly area and has rolling topography and elevation generally ca. 100m. The region of Qujiang urban area and logistics park is grade-I terrace of Qujiang River and the relief is flat. The region of Qujiang Development Zone is mainly low mountain and hills and is the Xianxialin residual chain and its surface elevation is 66.5m~111.58m. LONGYOU COUNTY
In Longyou County There are mountain chain, hills, plain, and river, Nanxianxialin residual chain and north Qianligang residual chain, middle Jinqu Basin and Qujiang River pass its middle region from west eastwards with run of 28km.l The landform in high in south and north and low in middle in a saddle shape. The highest point (southwest Maoshankeng) has elevation 1442m and the lowest point (east Xiatong Village) has elevation 33m. In Longyou County there are diversified types of geomorphy and soil. The red earth accounts for 54.03%, yellow earth for 8.40%, rock soil for 5.80%, Aquoll for 2.64% and rice soil for 29.13%. JIANDE CITY
In Jiande City the area of mountainous land and hills accounts for 88.6% of its total area. The north and west hills consist of sand rock, limestone and shale rock from Palaeozoic to Cenozoic and is seriously corroded and deeply cut. The mountains are very sleep, have relative elevation difference 400～600m and slope generally 30～40 degree. The southern area is below 200m hilly area, the relief is flat and slope is generally below 15 degree. The valley is wide and the area of plain of elevation below 50m is 215km2 and accounts for 9.4% of total area of the city. TONGLU COUNTY
The relief of Tonglu County drops from northwest and southeast towards Fuchunjiang River along banks and the land is mainly hilly land with a few of plain. The main peak of Longmenshan Mountain (Guanyinjian of Niubei Ridge) has elevation 1246.5m and it is the highest peak in this county. The soil in this county is fertile and diversified. JINHUA CITY
Jinhua is mainly east section of Jinqu Basin, and is ring-shape alternative basin group consisting of small basins such as Yongkang, Wuyi, Nanma, Pujiang and Duntou. The relief of the basin is low in middle and gently rolls, the south and east mountains are high and belong to extension of Xianxialing Mountain Chain. The north area is mainly hilly area and belongs to extension of Qianligang Mountain Chain. The soils are mainly red earth, rice soil, skeleton soil, purple soil and yellow earth and the land utilization ratio is high. The land structure is mainly agricultural and forestry land and the unutilized land is mainly waste and river water area..
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 4. Baseline environmental conditions 47
PAN’AN COUNTY
Pan’an County is in middle and low mountain area and the relief is high in southeast and low in northwest. It is the Dapanshan Mountain Chain joining westwards with Xianxialing Mountain Chain and eastwards with Kuaiji, Siming, and Tiantai Mountain Chain. Dapanshan Mountain is state-level natural reserve area (not involved in this sub-project). There are 75 peaks of elevation above 1000m (including 32 named peaks) and they account for 14.56% of area of the entire county and mainly distributed in boundaries of its southern area and adjacent Xianju County. Qingmingjian (also called as Qingmeijian) has elevation 1314m and is the highest point of the entire. There are 640 mountains of elevation 500～1000m, accounting for 71.45% area of the entire county, hills of elevation 350～500m account for 6.4% area of the entire county, and hills of elevation below 350m accounts for 7.59% area of the entire county. Its northeast Jiaxi Stream valley has elevation ca. 150m and is the lowest point of the entire county. The county is known as 90% mountain, 5% water and 5% rice land.
4.1.4 Hydrology
Qiantang River origins from Qingzhidaijian, Xiuning County, Anhui Province and its length till Hangzhou Zhakou is 484km (including 216.5km in Zhejiang Province) and its basin area is about 42200 km2(including about 35600km2 in Zhejiang Province). The others belong to Anhui Province, Fujian Province and Jiangxi Province. The main branches of Qiantang River include Wuxijiang River, Jinhuajiang River, Xin’anjiang River, Fenshuijiang River and Puyangjiang River. The main streams have different names for different areas. The main streams from the origin to Quzhou include Jianshangang River and Wuxijiang River (called as Qujiang River), that from Lanxi City includes Jinhuajiang River (called Lanjiang River,), and that from Meicheng to main branch Xin’anjiang River called as Tongjiang River, the section downstream Tonglu called as Fuchunjiang River and that downstream Wenjiayan called Qiantang River. Qiantang River has annual mean run off 40.4 billion m3 and low silt content (mean 5‰). ZHUJI CITY
In Zhuji City, Qiantang River Basin mainly includes two water systems (Puyangjiang River and Huyuanjiang River).
Puyangjiang River: Puyangjiang River main has stream length 151km and basin area 3431km2. Its length in Zhuji is 67.6 km and it has 5 branches (Dachenjiang River, Kaihuajiang River, Fengqiaojiang River, Wuxijiang River and Fengtongjiang River), total basin area 2212.9 km2, and annual mean discharge 36.8m3/s. The section between Puyangjiang River and Zhuji Maozhubu is divided into Dongjiang River and Xijiang River and Xijiang River is the main stream and the both rivers join in Meichi and finally in Xiaoshan Wenjiayan flow into Qiantang River.
Huyuanjiang River: Huyuanjiang River from Pujiang passes Majian Town (Zhuji City), enters Fuyang Fuchunjiang River, and in Zhuji has run 7km and catchment area 108.5km2. LANXI CITY
Lanxi City river belongs to Qiantang River water systems and mainly consists of 3 rivers (Qujiang River, Wujiang River (Jinhuajiang River) and Lanjiang River) and 5 streams each of basin area 100km2 (Meixi Stream, Ganxi Stream, Chixi Stream, Youbuxi Stream and Madaxi Stream. The basic conditions Qujiang River and Youbuxi Stream are as follows:
Qujiang River: Qujiang River is upstream section of mainstream of Qiantang River Qujiang River and has total length 257.9km and basin area 11477.2 km2. Under impact of high mountain, the upstream is liable to form a storm center and the main source of flood of Lanxi. In the city range, the main branches joining Qujiang River include Youbuxi Stream and Chixi Stream and they involve several townships, towns and sub-districts such as Zhuge, Shuiting, Yongchang and Chixi.
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Youbuxi Stream: It origins Jiande Tianchishan Mountain, passes Zhuge and Yongchang, and flows out from middle of Youbu Town and flows into Qujiang River from Qiujia. It has channel length 36.1 km and basin area 162.4 km2, including 119 km2 in this city. QUZHOU CITY
Most of rivers in Quzhou City belongs to Nanyuan water system of Qiantang River and the Qiantang River water systems in this city has basin area 8332.6 km2, accounting for 94.2% of urban area and the basin area of Changjiang River water system 515.8 km2, accounting for 5.8% of urban area.
The main streams of Qiantang River water system in Quzhou City include Majinxi Stream, Changshangang River and Qujiang River. The particulars of each main stream are as follows: The section upstream Kaihua County Huabu Town belongs to Majinxi Stream and it has length 102.2km and basin area 1011.3km2. The section from Kaihua County Huabu Town through Changshan County to Shuanggangkou (Kecheng District) is Changshangang River and it has length 175.9km and basin area 3384.9km2. The section from Shuanggangkou (Kecheng District) Magongtan (Longyou County) is Qujiang River and it has length 59.2 km and basin area 11477.2km2. LONGYOU COUNTY
The river in Longyou County belongs to Qiantang River water system and its main river is Qujiang River. Qujiang River has basin area 11138km2 and mainstream length 81.5km. Qujiang River enters this county from Yingchuantan (Quxian) and leaves this county from Huzhen Shaojia. The rivers passes Longyou County from west to east and it has main stream length 28km, mean drop0.39% and basin area 1053.84km2. As per the surveyed data Hutoushan Hydrologic Station, the inlet volume of Qujiang River is10.63 billion m3/a, mean discharge 370m3/s and mean discharge in lowest-flow month is 55m3/s. JIANDE CITY
The water system in Jiande City belongs to Qiantang River Basin and it has 3 main rivers (Xin’anjiang River, Lanjiang River and Fuchunjiang River) and 38 middle-small streams.
Xin’anjiang River enters the city from western Qingkengbu, from west to east passes Xin’anjiang urban area, Yangxi, Xiaya, Mamu, and Yangcunqiao and in Meicheng joins Lanjiang River and then flows into Fuchunjiang River. In this city, it has total length 41.4km and basin area 1291.44km2.
Lanjiang River enters the city from Sanhe Township, from south to north passes Sanhe, Mache, Dayang, and Yangwei and Meicheng Dongguan joins Fuchunjiang River. In this city, it has total length 23.5km and basin area 419.38 km2.
Fuchunjiang River flows from southwest to northeast, passes Wushitan, Qililong and at Lengshui flows to Tonglu County. In this city, it has total length 19.3km and basin area 615.75 km2.
Shouchangjiang River is first stage branch of Xin’anjiang River, origins Lijia Town, Changlin, Dakengyuan and has mainstream length 65.8km and basin area 692.3 km2. TONGLU COUNTY
In Tonglu County there are rich water sources of good water quality and has annual mean run off 1.4765 billion m3. The annual mean transit volume of Fuchunjiang River, Fenshuijiang River and Huyuanxi Stream is 32.2 billion m3. Fuchunjiang River passes it from south to north, Fenshuijiang River flows northwestwards, and two rivers accommodate 31 main branches and more than one hundred hilly small streams and then enter Qiantang River. The water quality of Fuchunjiang River and Fenshuijiang River is excellent and is rare in national wide big rivers..
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 4. Baseline environmental conditions 49
JINHUA CITY
The rivers in Jinhua City belong to Qiantang River, Oujiang River, Caoejiang River, and Jiaojiang River water system and they have basin area 9332.73km2, 949.71 km2, 341.6 km2 and 293.96 km2, and account for 85.49%, 8.69%, 3.13% and 2.69% of total river area of the entire city respectively. There are 40 streams each of catchment area over 100 km2. PAN’AN COUNTY
In Pan’an County, the main river is Wenxi Stream. Wenxi Stream origins Yangcaojian and has total catchment area 149.1km2. The discharge of Wenxi Stream Hailuqiao Section in low-flow period is 29.2m3/s and the flood discharge (fifty-year) and (hundred-year) is 1283.6 m3/s and 1493.2 m3/s respectively. The main rivers in Yunshan Area are Wenxi Stream and Hamoxi Stream. Hamoxi Stream is at southwest side of Yunshan Area, joins Wenxi Stream at downstream of Huangtankou and is a branch of Wenxi Stream. Wenxi Stream passes entire Yunshan Area. Huaxi Reservoir is built at upstream of Wenxi Stream and it is at the intersection of Yunshan upstream Chenhuakeng and Shuangkexi, and has catchment area 21.7km2, current total capacity 755000m3, normal capacity 585000m3 and corresponding water level 375m.
4.1.5 Groundwater and Hydrogeology of Landfill Sites
The groundwater, hydrological and geological conditions of site of Jiande Meicheng refuse landfill yard are shown in Table 4.1-2.
Table 4.1-2 : List of groundwater, hydrological and geological conditions of refuse landfill yard
Permeability Groundwater water Project site Geological conditions coefficient Groundwater flow direction level (m) (×10-4cm/s) The surface soil (containing gravel) is siltyclay, and plastic to hard plastic, has good geo-technical properties and belongs to extremely slight permeabale layer. The rock exposed in Jiande Meicheng Groundwater flow from dam foundation is Jura Pliocene Laocun Group (J3l), and it is Refuse Landfill 0.80～1.40 0.909～1.86 north-west to south-east and brown-violet dark violet medium thick layer- or-block silty Yard leaves the site from east. sand rock sandwitched with gravel, and in layer- or-block structure. In the rock body joint craze is not developed and has good completeness.
In accordance with “Technical specification of hygiene landfill of urban domestic refuses”, the landfill yard shall prevent groundwater from contamination. The landfill yard without natural anti-seepage conditions shall be subjected to artificial anti-seepage treatment. For natural anti-seepage landfill yard, the permeability coefficient of natural clay liner shall not be above 1.0×10-7cm/s, and the thickness of liner of bottom and surrounding shall not be below 2m. If the landfill yard fails to meet requirements of clay liner or improved clay liner anti-seepage, artificial anti-seepage technical measures shall be taken. As per geological survey result, in this project no natural anti-seepage conditions are available.
4.1.6 Water Pollution and Water Quality 4.1.6.1 Surface Water Quality
As per “Bulletin of environmental state of Zhejiang Province of 2008”, in Qiantang River Basin, quantity of type I-III water sections accounts for 73.3% of total ones and the sections meeting functional requirements account for 73.3% of total ones 62.2%. The main contaminated river sections are Jinhuajiang River, Dongyangjiang River, Nanjiang River, Wuyijiang River and Pujiang River section of Puyangjiang River and the main contamination indicators are NH3-N,BOD5 and total P.
Current state of surface water quality involved by sub-projects are shown in Table 4.1-3..
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Table -4.1-3 : List of current state of surface water quality involved by sub-projects s
Involved water Target water quality Current water quality Sub-project Exceedance contaminants body (GB3838-2002) (GB3838-2002) Qingshan II I~IV Total N Reservoir Zhuji City sub-project NH3-N, DO, volatile phenols, Wuxijiang River III IV～Inferior tor Ⅴ CODMn Shengban Wucheng District sub-project III I - Reservoir Jiande City sub-project Xin’anjiang River III II -
Qujiang River III III - Qujiang District sub-project Shangshanxi III III - Stream Anwenxi Stream III III - Pan’an County sub-project 下 Jiaxi Stream II II -
Longyou County sub-project Qujiang River III III~IV Total P, petroluems Fuchunjiang Tonglu County sub-project II III NH3-N River Lanxi City sub-project Qujiang River III III -
4.1.6.2 Groundwater Quality
In sub-projects, merely in environmental impact assessment of Jiande Meicheng refuse landfill yard sub-project monitoring of current state of groundwater of the yard site is considered and the monitor indicators include pH, CODMn, SS, total hardness, ammonia-N, nitrate, volatile phenols, fluoride, Cr6+, total Cr, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd and As. Two runs of monitor are made and each uses 3 monitor shafts sampling points (background shaft, landfill yard area water shaft and shaft downstream the landfill yard area groundwater). The water quality monitor result is shown in Table 4.1-4.
Table 4.1-4 : Quality of groundwater in the landfill site
Target water quality Conformance of current water Exceedance Monitor item Monitor data criteria for Type III of quality to criteria for Type III of contaminants (GB/T14848-93) (GB/T14848-93) pH 7.27~7.91 6.5~8.5 meet - Permanganate index (mg/L) 1.16~1.72 ≤3.0 meet - total hardness (mg/L) 338~341 ≤450 meet - ammonia-N (mg/L) <0.025 ≤0.2 meet - nitrate (mg/L) 0.84~1.01 ≤20 meet - Volatile phenols (mg/L) 〈0.002 ≤0.002 meet - Cr6+ (mg/L) <0.004 ≤0.05 meet - Cu (mg/L) <0.003 ≤1.0 meet - Zn (mg/L) <0.004 ≤1.0 meet - Total Hg (μg/L) <0.003 ≤1.0 meet - Total As (μg/L) 1.18~2.42 ≤50 meet - Pb (μg/L) <1.00 ≤50 meet - Cd (μg/L) <0.10 ≤10 meet - Fluoride (mg/L) 0.55~0.75 ≤1.0 meet - As per the groundwater monitor result, the current water quality of to-be-built refuse landfill yard area conforms to criteria for Type III of “Groundwater quality standard” (GB/T14848-1993).
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4.1.7 Aquatic Ecology & Fisheries
Qiantang River Basin is rich in fish resources and there are 203 species in 55 families and the most is cyprinidae (79 species, 39% of total species) and includes 29 special species such as Yinpiao, black tail Aotiao and Fangshi Migu. Divided as per living conditions, the fishes may be divided into upstream hilly stream fish, middle stream fish, downstream migratory fish and estuary marine fish.
Due to rich plankton and semi-salty water food organisms in downstream river section and estuary area, the fishes have complex compositions and mainly include silver carp, plagionathops microlepis, argenteagunther, mugil, coilia, Chinese Sturgeon, whitebait, black carp, swamp eel, eel, crucian, jellyfish, eel larvae, mugil larvae, perch larvae and crab larvae. The middle stream section, Fuchunjiang River, Xin’anjiang Reservoir Area are rich in plankton, aquatic plant, aquatic insect and little fish and the main fishes include argenteagunther, silver crucian, plagionathops microlepis, triangular bream, barbel chub, silver carp, bighead, grass carp, carp, crucian, white bream, mandarin fish, trout, silver crucian, and color carp. In upstream hill type river section, fish types are less and mainly include round snout, wrasse, white bream, longnose gudgeon, opsariichthys uncirostris, culters and eel. In plain river area the fishes mainly include pearl-mussel, crab, mandarin fish, 4-gill perch, eel and tilapia.
4.1.8 Terrestrial Vegetation & Wildlife
Due to excellent water and heat conditions and complex landform, Qiantang River Basin is rich in diversified types of plants. As per survey of Wuxijiang River upstream Jiulongshan Mountain, there are 160 families, 600 genus and 1000 species of vascular plants such as ferns, gymnosperm and aginosperm and 80 families and 600 species of woody plants. Many of them belong to relict plants or rare plants and 37 species are listed under state-level protected rare plants.
As per environmental impact assessment report of each sub-project, in the range of any sub-project including Pan’an County sub-project, there are no rare animal, plant, ancient tree, and natural reserve area.
4.1.9 Seismic Risk
As per “Seismic intensity zoning map of China” (1990), the seismic intensity zoning of county/city involved by each sub-project is as follows:
Zhuji City: Seismic intensity ＜VI；
Wucheng District: Seismic intensity ＜VI；
Jiande City: Seismic intensity ＜VI；
Qujiang District: Seismic intensity ＜VI；
Pan’an County: Seismic intensity ＜VI；
Longyou County: Seismic intensity ＜VI；
Tonglu County: Seismic intensity ＜VI；
Lanxi City: Seismic intensity ＜VI.
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4.2 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
4.2.1 Population
The following table gives the population information based on the most recent statistical data.
Table 4.2-1 Population in sub-project cities (×104)
City 2008 2010 2015 2020
Zhuji City 111.7 112.6 114.9 117.2
Lanxi City 72.9 72.9 72.9 72.9
Qujiang District 35.3 35.5 35.8 36.1
Longyou County 35.5 35.4 35.2 35.0
Jiande City 59.5 59.9 60.9 62.0
Tonglu County 46.3 46.6 47.4 48.1
Wucheng District 68.5 68.5 68.5 68.5
Pan’an County 23.2 23.5 24.3 25.1
4.2.2 Main resources
Zhejiang is a high-output comprehensive agriculture area and its tea, silk, aquatic products, orange and bamboo products play an important role in China. Its forestry coverage is 59.4% and ranks first in China. It is rich in tree species resource and has been known as "Southeast plant treasure’. There are many wild animals and 123 animals are listed under state key-protected wild animals. In Zhejiang, mineral resources are mainly non-metallic minerals and its reservation in stone coal, alumina, pyrolite, cement-purpose tuff and building- purpose tuff ranks first in China and that of fluorspar ranks second in China.
Zhuji City: It is in middle-north of Zhejiang Province and middle section of Qiantang River Basin. Agriculture is its traditional superior industry, its main quality farm produces include live pig, torreyagrandis, pearl, famous tea, chestnut and mountain vegetables and it is named as “Township of pearl of China” and “Township of torreyagrandis of China”.
Lanxi City: It is in middle-west of Zhejiang Province and middle section of Qiantang River Basin. Its agriculture, forestry, husbandry, side-product and fishery are well developed and it is mainly in agriculture. The grain crops include rice, wheat, corn and sweet potato and the industrial crops include cotton, rape-seed, peanut, sugar-cane, big green soybean, tea, sericulture, myrica rubra, green jujube, persimmon, loquat and orange.
Qujiang District: It is in west of Zhejiang Province and upstream of Qiantang River Basin. The grain, live pig, orange and bamboo are its 4 traditional superior industries. It is also famous township of Pon Kan Orange in China, township of bamboo charcoal in China, commercial grain base of China and lean pig base of China.
Longyou County: It is in middle-west of Zhejiang Province and middle and upstream of Qiantang River Basin. It is a big traditional agriculture county and rich in land resource and special farm produces such as live pig, laying duck, bamboo shoot, tea, Fa Cake, small pepper, Huanghua Pear and lotus seed and reaches forestry coverage 56.8%. It is rich in bamboo resource, has bamboo farm area ca. 400000 mu, and 60 million of bamboo and is named as “Township of bamboo of China”.
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Jiande City: It is in west of Zhejiang Province and upstream of Qiantang River Basin. Its main industrial crops include tea, sericulture, orange, Yanzhou White Pear, Liye White Lotus Seed, Xin’anjiang brand strawberry and chestnut. It is one of key tea production counties of China and key production area of orange, chestnut and raw lacquer of Zhejiang Province.
Tonglu County: It is in northwest of Zhejiang Province and downstream of Qiantang River Basin. It mainly produces rice, wheat, sweet potato, corn, tomato, rape-seed, sesame seed, peanut and soybean, and forms 6 superior industries (tea, flower and seeding, vegetable, bamboo shoot, poultry and husbandry, and aquatic products) and 4 characteristic farm produces (bee products, cocoon, pear and chestnut).
Wucheng District: It is in middle of Zhejiang Province and middle and upstream of Qiantang River Basinand is named as “Township of camellia of China”, “Township of flower of China”, “Township of seedling and potted landscape of China”, “Southern township of milk cow and dairy product of China” and “Township of osmanthus of China” by the State Forestry Administration and the Ministry of Agriculture.
Pan’an County: It is in middle of Zhejiang Province and one of origins of Qiantang River. It is to develop into an ecological tourist-characteristic landscape city based on ecological processing industry and manufacture industry and is named as “Township of mushroom of China” “Township of Chinese Traditional Herbs of China”, “State-level ecological demonstration area” and “Township of ecological Longjjing Tea of China”.
4.2.3 Revenue
In 2008, the general financial total budget incomes of Zhejiang Province were 373.01 billion RMB, 15.1% higher than that of 2007. The local general budget incomes were 193.34 billion RMB at growth rate 17.2% and at comparable growth rate 15.3%. The general financial budget outcomes were 220.83 billion RMB at grow rate 22.2%. The pro urban habitant mean disposable income 22727RMB at growth rate 10.5%, and pro farmer pure income 9258 RMB at grow rate 12%, and after deducting the price-increase factor the actual grow rate was 5.4% and 6.2% respectively.
Qiantang River Basin is the fast economical-developed area of Zhejiang Province. Jinhua, Lanxi and Quzhou are the main industrial and agricultural base and economical and cultural center of middle- west region of Zhejiang Province, and have chemical, food, textile, medicine and machine industry and huge economical development potential. The comprehensive force of Zhuji and Fuyang ranks in first position of the entire province and they are listed in 100 top counties of China. In 2008, the GDP of main cities/counties in the basin was 758.377 billion RMB, accounting for 35.3% of total GDP of Zhejiang Province. In basin the pro capita GDP of main cities/counties was 42805RMB, higher than the mean one 42214 RMB of the entire province.
4.2.4 Cultural and archaeological resources
Currently, except for relic involved in Lanxi City Youbu cultural relic project, other sub-projects are not involved with buildings or key cultural protected units of historical value.
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4.2.5 Water Supply ZHUJI CITY
Currently, in Zhuji water supply region there are Caota Water Works and Sandu Water Works. Caota Water Works is in Caota Town, its service range is Caota Town and Datang, water supply capacity 6000t/d (before November 2005), current water supply capacity 15000t/d, and water source Qingshan Reservoir (capacity 7.8 million m3). In 2004, 2005 and Jan.-June 2006, it totally supplied 2.6 million tons, 2.8 million tons and 1.16 million tons of water respectively. Currently, the bore of outlet main pipe of Caota Water Works is DN600.
Sandu Water Works is in Sandu Town, its service range is Sandu Town, water supply capacity 2000t/d, water source Maozhuta Reservoir (capacity 1 million m3). In 2004, 2005 and Jan.-June 2006, it totally supplied 56000t, 440000t and 270000t respectively. LANXI CITY
Currently a water works is built in Lanxi Youbu Town and its design supply capacity is 3000t/d. Its water source is 1# well in Yanggang Village (about 2km upstream sewage discharge port of this project) and the water quality meets the requirements for drinking water. The water works is sited at Caibutou Village and the water supply pipe net is distributed in tree form. The main pipe bore is DN50～DN200. Currently the water for south industry park is intaken from Qujiang River at south of Bicycle Fitting Park. It will daily supply 10000 t water. In Youbu Town city water popularization ratio is not high and the water supply range 12 administrative villages in southwest of the town as well as some habitants, enterprises and institutions of down area. The habitants in old urban area take water from well and the hospital, school and some factories take water from self-service water source. QUZHOU CITY
The water for Quzhou Qujiang urban area and Qujiang Economical Development Zone is supplied from supply Quzhou General Water Company and Qujiang District Water Works water supply and some enterprises have their self-service water source. The logistics park is now under start stage and does not use water. In 2008, the total water supply volume of Qujiang District was 8.54 million m3/y, including domestic water volume ca. 2.52 million m3/y and industry water volume ca. 6.02 million m3/y.
Quzhou General Water Company has three water works and their water supply water source Huangtankou Reservoir. 1# water works is at Shuanggangkou-the intersection of Changshangang River and Jianshangang River, covers area 0.99hm2and has capacity 40000m3/d. 2# water works is in south urban area and at southwest of intersection Quhua Highway and Qulong Highway, covers area 2.08 hm2 and has capacity 50000m3/d. 3# water works is at east side of 2# water works, has capacity 100000m3/d and covers area 3.81 hm2. The designed total capacity of 2# water works and 3# water works is 250000 m3/d and they totally cover area 7.05hm2.
Qujiang District new water works is at north side of Tongjiashan Reservoir and was completed in 2003. Its total design capacity 60000m3/d and the built capacity is 30000 m3/d and it intakes water from Tongjiashan Reservoir. LONGYOU COUNTY The water supply systems in Longyou Industry Park supplies domestic water and industry water is different quality. The domestic water is supplied from Longyou Urban Area Water Works of supply capacity ca. 30000t/d (current capacity ca. 6000t/d).
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JIANDE CITY Jiande urban area is built with a water works (Xin’anjiang Water Works) and it is in Qinkengwu and after expansion its supply capacity reaches 30000m3/d. It intakes water from upstream of Xin’anjiang River. From 2007 Jiande City expanded water works and after expansion the capacity was increased to 80000m3/d and its water supply range is mainly the area at north bank of Xin’anjiang River and surrounding Meicheng Town and Shouchang Town. TONGLU COUNTY
In Tonglu County, Zhaixi Town previously was built with a water works of supply capacity 10000 m3/d with ground water from well. As per overall plan it will be expanded in near future to 20000 m3/d with groundwater and in future will be networked with Tonglu Economical Development Zone. JINHUA CITY
In west region of Jinhua, water is supplied in following ways: centralized supply, scattered supply from village/town-level small water works and enterprises’ self-service water source. In the area, there are mainly 2 water works (Jinxi Water Works and Shengban Water Works).
Jinxi Water Works was reformed and expanded on basis of previous Tangxi Water Works and its water source is Xinfan Reservoir. In 2005, previous Tangxi Water Works was expanded and in early 2006 was put into operation. Currently, Jinxi Water Works total water supply capacity 20000m3/d. Shengban Water Works has design capacity 2000m3/d. Currently, it mainly supplies domestic and drinking water to 14000 rural people in 22 administrative villages downstream Shengban Reservoir and its water source is Shengban Reservoir. Currently, its daily maximum supply capacity is about 1500m3/d. PAN’AN COUNTY
Currently, Pan’an County Town is built with two water works. The first water works has design capacity 15000t/d, and intakes water from Shuangxikou of Wenxi Stream. The second water works d has design capacity 15000t/d, and intakes water from Matikeng Reservoir. Pan’an new urban area has a purified water works of design capacity 15000 m3/d and the water sources are Yuantou Reservoir and Riyuetan Reservoir. The water works supplies water to about 20000 people of Shenze Area and Xinwo Area of new urban area.
4.2.6 Solid Waste Management
In the last years, Zhejiang Province got fast development in construction of town domestic refuses innocuous disposal facilities. By end of 2008, the entire province totally built 90 urban refuses disposal plants with total daily treating capacity ca. 39300t, including 64 refuses hygiene landfill yards, 21 refuses incineration plants and 5 other type refuses disposal yards and the refuses innocuous treatment ratio is 86.41%.
In addition, the entire province built 10 medical waste disposal centers with annual disposal capacity 36000 t, 13 industrial dangerous waste centralized disposal (incineration and landfill) facilities of annual disposal capacity 130000 t, 40dangerous waste comprehensive utilization units of annual treatment capacity 341000t, and 6 sludge treatment and disposal facilities of daily treatment capacity 2460 t.
The management level in domestic refuses treatment was further improved. Currently, urban domestic refuses basically adopt mixed collection and transportation mode and individual areas adopt classified collection mode. The collection and transportation process is basically kept enclosed and innocuous. Currently, habitants of big cities basically collect bagged refuses. Up to now, most of cities/counties charge refuses treatment fee. Under promotion of state policies of state refuses treatment industry policy, in Zhejiang Province the investment, construction and market-orientated operation of domestic refuses treatment, especially incineration disposal facilities, was sped up, developed and perfected.
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4.2.7 Air Quality and Noise 4.2.7.1 Air quality
As per “Bulletin of environmental state of Zhejiang Province of 2008”, the overall urban environmental air quality of Zhejiang Province was good and the air of 78% provincial-controlled cities conformed to state grade-II criteria. The contaminants most seriously impairing urban air quality are absorbable particles (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Compared with last year, the daily mean value of SO2 and PM10 slightly dropped and that of NO2 was not obviously changed.
The atmospheric environmental quality monitor data of each sub-project locality are from their respective environmental impact assessment report and environment quality report of each region of 2008. The current atmospheric environmental quality of locality of each sub-project is shown in Table 4.2-2.
Table4.2-2 : List of current atmospheric environmental quality of locality of each sub-project Environmental air quality standard Industry enterprises design Exceedance Sub-project Monitor point (GB3095-1996) health standard (TJ36-79) indicator
Setting no monitor Annual mean concentration of SO2, Zhuji City Qingshan Water Works point, adopting routine NO2 and PM10 conform to state / / and necessary pipe net works monitor data grade-II criteria
Jinhua City Wucheng District Setting no monitor Annual mean concentration of SO2, Tangxi Water Works and point, adopting routine NO2 and PM10 conform to state / / necessary pipe net works monitor data grade-II criteria
Lanxi City Youbu PM10 concentration Setting no monitor Annual mean concentration of SO2 Town Wastewater of individual months point, adopting routine and NO2 conform to state grade-II / Treatment (First slightly exceeds the monitor data criteria Lanxi City Phase) Project standard value Lanxi City Youbu Hourly value and daily mean value Setting 1 monitor point Town Cultural of SO2, NO2, PM10, and CO conform in project site Relics Project to state grade-II criteria Pan’an County Wastewater Setting no monitor Annual mean concentration of SO2, Treatment and point, adopting routine NO2 and PM10 conform to state / / necessary pipe net monitor data grade-II criteria Pan’an works County Pan’an County Jianshan Daily mean concentration of SO2, Setting 1 monitor point Wastewater NO2 and TSP conform to state / / in project site Treatment Plant grade-II criteria Project
Chengdong Adopting latest monitor Wastewater data of Tangkeng Quzhou Concentration of SO2, NO2 and TSP Treatment Plant and Village of Qujiang / / City conform to state grade-II criteria necessary pipe net Economical works Development Zone
Annual mean Setting no monitor Annual mean concentration of SO2 concentration of Longyou Chengbei Area Water point, adopting routine and NO2 conform to state grade-II / PM10 slightly Supply and Drainage Project monitor data criteria exceeds the value for criteria Grade-II. Jiande City Chengdong Daily mean concentration of SO2, Wastewater Treatment Setting 5 monitor points NO2 and PM10 conform to state Plant Second Phase in the area grade-II criteria Expansion Project
Jiande City Jiande City Jiande Meicheng Each setting 3 monitor Daily mean concentration of SO2, H2S and NH3 concentration Refuse Landfill Yard points at upwind and NO2 and PM10 conform to state are within the maximum / Project downwind of the site grade-II criteria allowable concentration Tonglu County Annual mean concentration of SO2 Tonglu County Jiangnan Town environment monitor and NO2 conform to state grade-II Sewage Pipe Net Works Station Jiangnan criteria Automatic Station
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4.2.7.2 Noise
According to “Bulletin of environmental state of Zhejiang Province of 2008”, the overall urban acoustic environmental air quality of Zhejiang Province was good or slightly impacted.
The acoustic environmental quality monitor data of each sub-project locality are from their respective environmental impact assessment report and environment quality report of each region of 2008. The current atmospheric environmental quality of locality of each sub-project is shown in Table 4.2-3.
Table4.2-3 : List of current acoustic environmental quality of locality of each sub-project
Acoustic environment quality standard Sub-project Monitor point (GB3096-2008) Zhuji City Qingshan Water Works and necessary Selecting 3 boundary monitor points Conforming criteria for Type 2 pipe net works Jinhua City Wucheng District Tangxi Water Works Surrounding project site Conforming criteria for Type 1 and necessary pipe net works Youbu Town Sewage Treatment Selecting 4 boundary monitor points Conforming criteria for Type 2 Project Lanxi City Except for 1 monitor point impacted by traffic noise, Youbu Old town Infrastructure Setting 5 monitor points in project- other monitor points else conform to criteria for Construction Project involved area Type 2 Yunshan Tourist Development Zone conform to Wastewater Treatment and Within area criteria for Type 1 and new urban area (Shenze necessary pipe net works Pan’an Area) conform to criteria for Type 2 County Jianshan Sewage Treatment Plant Selecting 4 boundary monitor points Conforming criteria for Type 2 Project Selecting 1 monitor point at each side Chengdong Wastewater Treatment Plant and / necessary pipe net works and Qujiang District of boundary sewage (rainwater) pipe net reform work of area at Selecting 1 monitor point at each Conforming criteria for Type 2 west of Xiafei Road sensitive point Setting 1 monitor point near purified Conforming criteria for Type 3 Longyou Chengbei Area Water Supply and Drainage water works in Longyou Industry Park Project Setting 1 monitor point of current status Conforming criteria for Type 2 in Yujia Village
Jiande City Chengdong Selecting 4 boundary monitor points / Wastewater Treatment Plant Setting 1 monitor point in nearest Conforming criteria for Type 1 Jiande City Second Phase Project habitant area Jiande Meicheng Refuse Selecting 1 monitor point at each side Conforming criteria for Type 2 Landfill Yard Project of boundary In Zhaixi Village building 1# pump house and 2# In Zhaixi Village building 1# pump Tonglu County Jiangnan Town Sewage Pipe Net pump house and setting each 1 monitor point each house and 2# pump house and setting Works at Gucheng Village and north of G320national each 1 monitor point highway
4.2.8 Brief description of the project cities
In the last years, with fast economic development, acceleration of urbanization, and gradual transfer of rural population to provincial grade-I and Grade-II cities of Zhejiang Province, the urban environment load gradually increased.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 58 4. Baseline environmental conditions
ZHUJI CITY
Zhuji City is at south wing Yangtze Delta and at south of Qiantang River. It joins eastwards with Shengzhou City, southwards with Dongyang and Yiwu, westwards with Pujiang, Tonglu and Fuyang, northwards with Xiaoshan and northeastwards with Shaoxing County and is 78km from provincial capital Hangzhou City.
Zhuji City has total area 2311km2, 2% of total area of Zhejiang Province, and total population 1.06 million, is divided into 3 sub-district (Jiyang, Taozhu and Jiangdong), 23 towns, 1 township, 468 administrative villages, 69 communities (habitant committees) and develops characteristic agriculture and industry. LANXI CITY
Lanxi City is in middle-west region of Zhejiang Province, middle stream of Qiantang River, and north of Jinqu Basin, and is 20.5km from Jinhua downtown and 132km from Hangzhou. Youbu Town is at southwest of Lanxi City and 18km from urban area. Lanxi City has total area 1313 km2 and total population 65000, is divided into 6 sub-districts, 6 towns and 3 townships. Youbu Town area has total area 63.5 km2 and total population 41743 and is divided into 47 administrative villages and 2 habitant committees.
Lanxi City mainly develops metallurgy, textile, medicine, building materials, chemicals and machine and Youbu Town mainly develops agriculture and breeding. QUZHOU CITY QUJIANG DISTRICT
Quzhou City is in west of Zhejiang Province and in the boundary of Qiantang River water systems, Boyanghu water systems and Minjiang water systems. Quzhou City has total area 2354.4km2 and total population 818300 and Quzhou downtown consists of Kecheng District and Qujiang urban area. Qujiang District has land area 1748.9 km2 and total population 400300, and is divided into 2 sub- districts, 10 towns, 9 township and 513 administrative villages. Quzhou is a big agriculture city, important commercial grain base, poultry and husbandry base and first orange city of Zhejiang Province. LONGYOU COUNTY
Longyou County is in west of Jinqu Basin of Zhejiang Province, belongs to Quzhou City, and joins northwards with Hangzhou, eastwards with Jinhua, southwards with Suichang and westwards with Qujiang District. It has area 1143.5km2 and total population 403100, is divided into 6 towns, 7 townships, and 2 sub-districts, is a big traditional agriculture county, rich in farm produces and known as “Township of bamboo of China”. JIANDE CITY
Jiande City is at west of Zhejiang Province, southwest of Hangzhou, and middle-upstream of Qiantang River, has area 2364 km2 and total population 513200, is divided into 16 townships/towns (sub- districts) and mainly develops chemical and building industry. TONGLU COUNTY
Tonglu County is in northwest of Zhejiang Province and middle stream of Qiantang River, and has area 1780km2 and total population 399100. Jiangnan Town is at east of Tonglu County, has total area 78.2 km2 and population 52000, is divided into 19 administrative villages, 1 fishery village and 1 habitant committee and mainly develops tourism, pen-making and kneading industry.
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JINHUA CITY WUCHENG DISTRICT
Jinhua City is in east of Zhejiang Province, joints eastwards with Taizhou City, westwards with Quzhou, southwards with Lishui and northwards with Hangzhou and Shaoxing, is divided into 2 districts, and 7 county/city, has total land area 10941.42km2 and total population 4.6113million, including land area 1387.88km2 and population of 593100 of Wucheng District. Jinhua belongs to “town of culture” and its culture and education undertaking is developed fast. PAN’AN COUNTY
Pan’an County is at middle of Zhejiang Province, joins eastwards with Tiantai County and Xinchang County, southwards with Xianju County, westwards with Junyun County and Yongkang and northwards with Dongyang, is divided into 20 townships (towns), 363 administrative villages, and 8 habitant committees, has total area 1198.88 km2 and total population 209300 and mainly develops contamination-free ecological processing and manufacture industry and tourism.
4.2.9 Main projects planned in the Eleventh Five year Plan
The overall target of 11th five-year program of control of water contamination of Qiantang River Basin is to control total discharge volume of contaminants of key regions, key industries and key industries of Qiantang River Basin, intensify environment implementation and supervision execute a lot of key environmental and ecological protection projects, in river-along county and county-level higher city establish sewage and domestic refuses centralized disposal facilities and environment quality and key contamination source automatic monitor and control net, promote construction of rural environmental regulation demonstration village, intensify basin environment contamination control capacity and improve rural and urban environment quality.
Near target of contamination control (2010): Up-to-standard industry sewage discharge ratio 100%, urban sewage treatment ratio 75% (Hangzhou 80%, other district-dividing city above 70% and county town above 60%), urban domestic refuses innocuous disposal ratio above 90%, county town domestic refuses innocuous disposal ratio above 85%, rural domestic refuses collection ratio above 72%, comprehensive utilization ratio of fecal of scaled breeding farm and centralized breeding area above 90% and up-to-standard industry sewage discharge ratio 80%.
Future target of contamination control (2020): Urban sewage treatment ratio above 80%, county town 70%, urban domestic refuses innocuous disposal ratio above 95%, county town domestic refuses innocuous disposal ratio above 90%, rural domestic refuses collection ratio above 85%, comprehensive utilization ratio of fecal of scaled breeding farm and centralized breeding area 100%.
Main projects in 11th five-year program and required investments:
The environmental projection projects of 11th five-year program of control of water contamination of Qiantang River Basin and required investment (total investment 16.58136 billion RMB) mainly include : (1) Sewage Treatment Project of 53 towns, total investment 8.50611 billion RMB, (2) domestic refuses treatment of 53 towns, total investment 5.40595 billion RMB, (3) regulation projects of 11agricultural non-point source, total investment 465 million RMB, and (4) regulation projects of 22 key water contamination regions, total investment 2.2043 billion RMB.
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4.3 EXISTING MAIN POLLUTION SOURCES
4.3.1 Major environmental issue of Qiantang River Basin
With ceaseless social and economical development and population growth in Qiantang River Basin, the contamination burden of Qiantang River water becomes increasingly serious. Due to unreasonable industrial structure, there is structural contamination mainly from paper-making, paper product industry, chemical raw materials and chemical product industry, and textile industry. There is no effective method to control agricultural non-point contamination,, in rural area the plan of town and village is generally backward, the layout is not reasonable, agricultural rural non-point contamination is still very serious, rural environmental infrastructure for domestic sewage and domestic refuses are insufficient and the breeding contamination is very obvious. In the basin, Quzhou City is one of husbandry and poultry contamination areas of Zhejiang and Jinhua City is a key area of aquatic culture and fertilizer loss. The rural domestic sewage fecal of animal and fowl and their-generated high-concentration sewage, aquatic culture fertilizer and loss of chemical fertilizer and pesticide during agricultural production result in overnutrition of water.
4.3.2 Urban domestic wastewater
According to “Bulletin of environmental state of Zhejiang Province of 2008”, in 2008 the total domestic sewage discharge volume of Zhejiang Province was 1.499 billion t (including town and rural domestic sewage), 9.5% higher than 1.369 billion t of 2007, and total COD discharge volume 295900 t, 1.27% lower than 299700 t of 2007. At end of 2008 in the entire province there were totally 91 sewage treatment plants of total treatment capacity 1814.92 million m3 at sewage treatment ratio 73.12% and centralized treatment ratio in sewage treatment plant 66.67%.
The particulars of sewage treatment of towns of World Bank loaned projects in Qiantang River Basin are shown in Table 4.3-1. It is clear that each of most project-involved towns is merely built with one sewage treatment plant and the centralized treatment ratio of sewage treatment plant of individual towns is greatly lower than mean provincial level.
Table 4.3-1: List of particulars of county/city sewage treatment of each sub-project locality (2008) Sewage treatment sewage centralized treatment Total sewage treatment capacity Involved city plant treatment ratio ratio (10000m3) (set) (%) (%) Zhuji City 1 2460 80.39 80.39 Lanxi City 1 384 25.10 12.55 Quzhou City 3 5591 63.80 24.91 Longyou County 1 846 56.40 16.40 Jiande City 1 580 70.99 70.99 Tonglu County 2 657 72.12 72.12 Jinhua City 1 2748 71.01 64.86 Pan’an County 1 237 80.61 80.61
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 4. Baseline environmental conditions 61
90 80 70 60 50 40
集中处理率（%） 30 20 10 0 诸暨市 兰溪市 衢州市 龙游县 建德市 桐庐县 金华市 磐安县
各城镇污水处理厂集中处理率 浙江省平均水平
Fig. 4.3-1 List of particulars of county/city sewage treatment of each sub-project locality
4.3.3 Urban solid waste
With fast economical and social development, accelerated urbanization and growth of population Zhejiang Province, in the entire province the output of domestic refuses steadily grew. In 2008 the entire province reached domestic refuses treatment capacity 11.5373 million t, and had 90 refuses innocuous treatment plants, including 64 refuses hygiene landfill yards of domestic refuses innocuous treatment ratio 86.41%.
The particulars of refuses innocuous treatment of Jiande City involved in World Bank loaned project are shown in Table 4.3-2.
Table4.3-2 : List of particulars of solid refuse disposal of county/city of each sub-project locality (2008) Domestic refuses Refuses innocuous treatment Including: refuses hygiene Domestic refuses treatment Involved city innocuous treatment ratio yard (set) landfill yard/ set capacity (10000 t) (%) Jiande City 1 1 7.53 100
Though construction of town domestic refuses innocuous disposal facilities is fast developed, the innocuous treatment capacity is insufficient and the refuses landfill construction standard is backwards. In the entire province, merely a few of domestic refuse landfill yards conform to grade-I standard of hygiene landfill, most of them to grade-II or even grade-III standard or simple landfill, which results in serious secondary contamination of groundwater and air and failure to conform to “Domestic refuses landfill contamination control standard”.
Currently, refuses treatment project is difficult in sitting, and fore-phase work is highly delayed. Zhejiang Province has high population density and sensitivity of sitting pf refuses treatment project and the accidents resulted from sitting grew. Most of the towns of the entire province adopt mixed collection of domestic refuses, which is disadvantageous to development of domestic refuses classified treatment technology. Some cities/counties fail to as per state requirements establish and implement domestic refuses treatment charge system and for the cities establishing the charge system the charge standard is not established and charging is rather difficult, which restricts social, industrial and market-orientated development of town domestic refuses treatment.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 62 4. Baseline environmental conditions
4.3.4 Industrial Pollution
As per “Bulletin of environmental state of Zhejiang Province of 2008”, in 2008 the industry wastewater discharge volume of Zhejiang Province was 2.005 billion t, 0.35% lower than 2.012 billion t of 2007, and COD discharge volume was 242700t, 8.17% lower than 264300 t of 2007.
4.3.5 Rural Non Point Source (NPS) Pollution
The statistic of rural non-point source is mainly on loss of chemical fertilizer, poultry, husbandry and aquatic products. As per “11th five-year program of control of water contamination of Qiantang River Basin”, in the entire Qiantang River Basin from agriculture non-point source COD discharge volume was 53986.69t, ammonia-N discharge volume 42653.6t, total P discharge volume 5600.87 and equivalent contamination load 14585.18. In the cities/counties, Zhuji City is the highest water contaminants discharge equivalence load from agriculture non-point source, 3748.05, Xiaoshao District, the second 1641.44, Hangzhou downtown, the lowest 157.86.
4.4 POLLUTION LOAD AND WATER QUALITY IN QIANTANG RIVER
4.4.1 Pollution load
As per 11th five-year program of control of water contamination of Qiantang River Basin, in Qiantang River Basin in 2005the total COD discharge volume was about 320000t mainly from industry contamination and domestic contamination at contribution ratio 41.91% and 41.11% respectively, and total ammonia-N discharge volume ca. 68000 t mainly from agriculture contamination and domestic contamination at contribution ratio 62.86%and 24.01% respectively, as shown in Table 4.4-1.
Table 4.4-1 : List of discharge volume from industry, agriculture and domestic contamination source of Qiantang River Basin (2005) COD Ammonia-N Type Discharge volume Discharge volume Contribution ratio (%) Contribution ratio (%) (t/a) (t/a) Industry 133185.7 41.91 8866.94 13.13 Domestic 130644.5 41.11 16215.42 24.01 Agriculture 53986.69 16.98 42449 62.86 Total 317816.89 100 67531.36 100
The discharge of water environment contaminants of each county (city, district) of Qiantang River Basin is shown in Table 4.4-2.
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Table 4.4-2 : Summary of discharge of water environment contaminants of Qiantang River Basin (2005) Ammonia-N discharge Administration Zoning COD discharge volume (t/a) volume (t/a) (1) Hangzhou City 164511.4 22829.23 Tonglu County 17649.56 1500.99 Including Jiande City 8673.74 2896.52 (2) Jinhua City 69618.13 19939.82 Jinhua downtown 12298.51 3421.93 Including Lanxi City 11957.01 2892.21 Pan’an County 2179.77 745.74 (3) Quzhou City 66909.23 17806.97 Quzhou downtown 30860.21 9551 Including Longyou County 14297.33 2694.25 (4) Shaoxing City Zhuji City 14025.13 6199.31
As per “Zhejiang urban construction statistic yearbook (2008)”,In 2008, total urban discharged sewage volume was 2482.25million m3, and the sewage treatment ratio was 73.12%, including urban sewage treatment ratio 75.10% and county town sewage treatment ratio merely 63.11%. Not high sewage treatment ratio and arbitrary discharge of sewage of small towns are the key factor for urban contamination.
4.4.2 Water quality
As per “Bulletin of environmental state of Zhejiang Province of 2008”, in Qiantang River Basin, quantity of type I-III water sections accounts for 73.3% of total ones and the sections meeting functional requirements account for 73.3% of total ones 62.2%. The main contaminated river sections include Jinhuajiang River, Dongyangjiang River, Nanjiang River, Wuyijiang River and Pujiang River section of Puyangjiang River and the main contamination indicators are NH3-N, BOD5 and total P.
The World Bank loaned project is mainly involved with Hangzhou City, Shaoxing City, Jinhua City and Quzhou City. As per bulletin of environmental state of last 3 years, the water quality state of Qiantang River Basin is shown in Table 4.4-3.
Table 4.4-3 : List of current water quality state of Qiantang River Basin Quantity of routine monitor Ratio of sections of type III and Up-to-standard ratio of Region Year sections higher water quality (%) functional area (%) (section) 2006 44.4 37.0 Hangzhou City 2007 4 90.9 72.7 2008 95.4 77.3 2006 100.0 100.0 Shaoxing City 2007 5 100.0 100.0 2008 100.0 100.0 2006 33.3 29.6 Jinhua City 2007 27 33.3 29.6 2008 37.0 33.3 2006 27 92.59 97.8 Quzhou City 2007 24 95.8 91.7 2008 24 95.8 95.8
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4.5 SUMMARY OF ZSTEP ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS OF SITES
Summarily, information and data presented provides the facts of the environmental setting of the cities where the projects are proposed: Qiantang River is the biggest river of this province. In this province the basin area is about 35500km2, accounting for 36.2% total land area of the province. In Qiantang River Basin there are many towns, the population is highly centralized and its total population accounts for 32% of total population of the province. Qiantang River Basin is a fast economical-developed area in Zhejiang Province and its GDP accounts for about 35.3% of total GDP of the entire province. Not high sewage treatment ratio and arbitrary discharge of sewage of small towns are the key factor for urban contamination. Hence, construction of sewage treatment plant and necessary sewage pipe net will improve water environment of each sub-project’s city, and mitigate contamination load of main streams and branches of Qiantang River. Zhejiang Province is rich in ecological resources. Qiantang River Basin is rich in fish resources, and has 29 special fishes, diversified vegetations and 37 types of state grade-II and -III rare preserved plants. In any construction range of sub-project there is no rare animals, plants and famous ancient tree. In addition, perfect environmental infrastructure will make small towns more investment and residences, improve the environmental infrastructure, render them small towns sustainable services in sewage, water supply and solid wastes disposal, and directly increase the economical and social development level and people’s living level. As for social aspects, investigation of the baseline condition shows that the safeguard of minority ethnic communities and historical cultural properties are not problematic issues in the project-related areas. The resettlement of residents and losses of prime agricultural land occur in most cases, resulting from land acquisition when building WWTPs and landfill.
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5. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT & MITIGATION
5.1 IMPACT SCREENING
The tables below list the environmental impacts of the Project during Construction and Operation Stages. Each impact is further analyzed with mitigation measures. The detailed assessment is presented in the following sections of this chapter. For each adverse environmental and social impact identified and analyzed, mitigation measures are provided in the same section. These mitigation measures, compiled from the individual EMPs of each project components, will not be repeated in the EMP Chapter of this reports.
It should be noted that since the construction of WWTP and solid waste landfill are the major component under Qiantang River Project, they are the focus of the EA. In addition, based on the WB’s requirements, a stand alone EMP has been prepared for each of the project components, for the construction and operation phase, to detail (1) the institutional setting and respective responsibilities; (2) mitigation measures for adverse impacts identified at sites and during transportation, and vehicle washing and maintenance; (3) sludge management and disposal; (4) monitoring program; (5) training needs and estimated budget for EMP implementation; and (6) reporting requirement, etc.
Table 5.1-1: List of environmental impacts
Table Legend
+ Positive impact
0 No significant impact expected
1 Limited impact, easy to control
2 Significant impact, needing specific dispositions
3 Possible risk for significant impact, mitigation measures are needed
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Table 5.1-2 : Screening of potential impacts associated with sub- projects location
Wucheng Dictrict, Tonglu Zhuji City Jiande City Qujiang District Pan’an County Longyou County Lanxi City Jinhua City County Potential Damages Activities potentially or Benefits to the Typical affecting Environmental Natural or Social Mitigation Resources and Values Environment Water Water Sewage Solid Sewage Sewage road Flood Sewage Water Road Sewage Sewage town WSP WSP WWTP WWTP WWTP WWTP distribution distribution collection waste collection collection widening embankment collection distribution bulid collection collection infrasturcture
Encroachment into Relocation productive systems (such Loss of production 2 0 2 0 1 0 2 2 0 2 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 Compensation as agriculture)
Relocation Impairment of Rehabilitation transportation or Transportation affection 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 + 1 0 1 1 (access to fields or replacement settlement) of previous access
Relocation Destruction of built-up Loss of private Compensation 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 properties properties Resettlement
Relocation Destruction of Compensation 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 + + 1 0 + 1 0 1 1 forested area or replacement
Relocation Destruction of Compensation 1 0 1 0 1 0 2 1 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 special biodiversity Encroachment into areas Revegetation of ecological value Encroachment into Relocation protected area: Reduction of 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 National park, land natural reserve, requirement
Impairment of Relocation natural drainage and Drainage 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 flood risk facilities
Relocation, Encroachment on Compensation historical or cultural Cultural loss 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 + (Public values (graves, relics,) consultation)
Relocation Flooding, water Respect of Impairment of natural logging, drainage by 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 + 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 land drainage acidification of soils appropriate structures
Relocation Detrimental impact Adapted Presence of infrastructure on landscape or design 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ＋ in an open landscape tourist activities Visual protection
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Table 5.1-3 : Screening of potential impacts associated with sub-project construction
Wucheng Dictrict, Tonglu Zhuji City Jiande City Qujiang District Pan’an County Longyou County Lanxi City Potential Jinhua City County Activities potentially Damages or affecting Environmental Benefits to the Typical Mitigation Resources and Values Natural or Social Water Water Sewage Solid Sewage Sewage road Flood Sewage Water Road Sewage Sewage town Environment WSP WSP WWTP WWTP WWTP WWTP distribution distribution collection waste collection collection widening embankment collection distribution bulid collection collection infrasturcture
Loss of original Compensation ; Temporary use of land for land Contractor’s 2 0 2 0 1 0 2 2 0 2 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 camps, storage, etc use/production obligations
Loss of forest or Compensation ; Vegetation clearing fruit tree 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Planting tree plantation
Contractor’s Risk of increased obligations Access to remote or hunting or (control of its 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 natural areas poaching workers); Monitoring Contractor’s obligations Soil erosion and (drainage & sediment 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 sedimentation transport ponds) ; Monitoring Creation of borrow Contractor’s Nuisances from pits and spoil areas Obligations to earthworks with erosion if submit a spoil and 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 inappropriately borrow areas protected management Plan Contractor’s obligations to take Dust emission measures 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 (spraying, etc) ; Monitoring Contractor’s obligations to take measures Transport of materials & Dust & noise regarding trucks 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 equipment Public safety maintenance, drivers training, road signs & Monitoring
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 68 5. Environmental impact Assessment & Mitigation
Wucheng Dictrict, Tonglu Zhuji City Jiande City Qujiang District Pan’an County Longyou County Lanxi City Potential Jinhua City County Activities potentially Damages or affecting Environmental Benefits to the Typical Mitigation Resources and Values Natural or Social Water Water Sewage Solid Sewage Sewage road Flood Sewage Water Road Sewage Sewage town Environment WSP WSP WWTP WWTP WWTP WWTP distribution distribution collection waste collection collection widening embankment collection distribution bulid collection collection infrasturcture
Recruitment of local manpower to maximise ＋ ＋ ＋ ＋ ＋ ＋ ＋ ＋ ＋ ＋ ＋ ＋ ＋ ＋ ＋ ＋ ＋ ＋ ＋ ＋ benefits for local population and minorities Contractor’s Health & safety Worker employment & obligations hazards to workers concentration regarding H&S 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 and surrounding management ; resident population Monitoring Contractor’s Pollution of obligations streams by (Sanitation & waste 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 polluted effluents management) ; Monitoring
Noise & air Contractor’s emission nuisance Use of heavy machinery obligations ; 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 for nearby Monitoring residents
Waste management Pollution of soil & Plan ; Solid waste production 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 river Contractor’s obligations ; Monitoring Contractor’s obligation to prepare a Inappropriate Restoration Plan End of construction and restoration of for each site; 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 closure of camps sites Payment to be attached to each restoration program
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Table 5.1-4 Screening of potential impacts (both positive and negative) associated with wastewater sub-projects operation screen
Tianmen Yunmeng Shayang Hanchuan Xiaochang Activities potentially Potential Damages or Honghu Xiangfan WWTP & WWTP & WWTP & WWTP & affecting Environmental Benefits to the Natural or Typical Mitigation WWTP & Sewage Sewage Sewage Sewage Sewage Sewage Resources and Values Social Environment Sewage collection collection collection collection collection collection collection
Operation of WWTP Urban water pollution control - + + + + + + + Effluent quality monitoring; Pollution of receiving stream and Release of treated effluent River quality monitoring 0 0 + - - 2 2 downstream river users
Operation of WWTP or Specifications for equipment; Noise & odours 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 pumping stations noise control- Monitoring Maintenance & management of sludge & Pest & rodents development from screenings; 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 sludge & screenings Pest control Quality monitoring - detailed sludge management Pollution in case inappropriate Sludge production plan; 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 management of sludge Secured landfill for disposal Opportunity for agricultural reuse Quality monitoring; 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 of sludge Detailed sludge decontamination & marketing plan Operation of sewer network & Specifications for equipment; Odours & noise 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 pumping stations Maintenance obligations Wastewater collection and Reduction of pollutant load to - + + + + + + + treatment rivers or lakes Wastewater collection Better health and quality of life - + + + + + + +
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Table 5.1-5: Screening of potential impacts (both positive and negative) associated with water supply sub-projects operation screen
Activities potentially Potential Damages or Benefits to the Jinhua Wuchang District water supply affecting Environmental Typical Mitigation Zhuji water supply subproject Natural or Social Environment subproject Resources and Values
Purchase low-noise equipment, strengthen the Impact of noise 1 1 daily maintenance and management
Ensure the requirement on water source such as Operation of waterworks Impact on water source irrigation, strengthen the monitoring of water source 0 0 quality
Plot emergency program, strengthen production Leakage of chlorine dosing device 2 2 safety training
Sludge produced from 2nd pollution caused by improper sludge Detailed sludge management program, sludge 1 1 waterworks disposal monitoring
Water source protection program; water Original water pollution Quality of water source is polluted 1 1 quality monitoring
Break of water supply Waste of water source Strengthen the pipeline maintenance 1 1 pipeline
Impact of water intake Purchase low-noise equipment, strengthen Noise Impact 1 1 pump house daily maintenance and management
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Table 5.1-6 Screening of potential impacts (both positive and negative) associated with wastewater sub-projects(wwtp) operation screen
Lanxi Activities potentially affecting Jiande Qujiang WWTP & Pan’an WWTP Potential Damages or Benefits to the WWTP & Environmental Resources and Typical Mitigation WWTP & Sewage Sewage & Sewage Natural or Social Environment Sewage Values collection collection collection collection
Operation of WWTP Urban water pollution control - + + + + Effluent quality monitoring; Pollution of receiving stream and Release of treated effluent River quality monitoring 2 2 2 2 downstream river users
Operation of WWTP or pumping Specifications for equipment; Noise & odours 1 1 1 1 stations noise control- Monitoring Quality monitoring - detailed sludge Pollution in case inappropriate Sludge production management plan; 1 1 1 1 management of sludge Secured landfill for disposal Operation of sewer network & Specifications for equipment; Odours & noise 1 1 1 1 pumping stations Maintenance obligations Wastewater collection and Reduction of pollutant load to rivers or - + + + + treatment lakes Wastewater collection Better health and quality of life - + + + +
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Table 5.1-7 Screening of potential impacts (both positive and negative) associated with wastewater sub-projects(sewage collection) operation screen
Activities potentially affecting Potential Damages or Benefits to the Longyou County Tonglu County Pan’an County Environmental Resources and Typical Mitigation Natural or Social Environment Values Sewage collection Sewage collection Sewage collection
Effluent quality monitoring; Pollution of receiving stream and Release of treated effluent River quality monitoring 2 2 2 downstream river users
Operation of sewer network & Specifications for equipment; Odours & noise 1 1 1 pumping stations Maintenance obligations Wastewater collection and Reduction of pollutant load to rivers or - + + + treatment lakes Wastewater collection Better health and quality of life - + + +
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Table 5.1-8: Screening of potential impacts (both positive and negative) associated with solid waste sub-projects operation screen
Activities potentially Potential Damages or Benefits to the affecting Environmental Typical Mitigation Meicheng Waste Landfill of Jiande City Natural or Social Environment Resources and Values
Quality of life around existing collection - + stations and local environment Waste Collection Local environment and quality of life around Improving management & cleaning of facility; adopting proper design 1 existing collection stations
Increased truck traffic, with noise, dust, traffic Waste transport to site Proper selection & design of access; implementation of traffic safety rules 2 accident risk in crossed villages
Risk of pollution of groundwater by leachate Collection, improved treatment and disposal of leachate 2
Risk of gas release and of explosion Landfill gas collection and burning or use 2
Risk of smells and development of pests to Landfill operation Adequate operation & management ; pest control 2 area in proximity
Risk of pollution to river by leachate Collection, improved treatment and disposal of leachate 1
Quality of life in urban area +
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 74 5. Environmental impact Assessment & Mitigation
5.2 MAIN EXPECTED BENEFITS
5.2.1 Public Health and Quality of life
Generally, the impact of above mentioned projects will be beneficial to the public health and the life quality of people in the project area by the collection and improvement of solid waste and wastewater as well as the implementation of projects such as sewage disposal.
In a short run (2015), the above mentioned project will benefit about 896,000 people in 8 cities; in a long run (2020), it will benefit about 994,100 people. Among which, it will provide sewage disposal to 261,700 people in 6 cities in the year of 2015, and the number will be about 345,300 in 2020. In 2015, solid waste disposal service will be provided to about 501,100 people in 1 city (Meicheng Town, Jiande City), and the served population will be up to 511,300 in 2020. In 2015, water supply service will be provided to 443,200 people in 2 cities (Zhuji, Wucheng District of Jinhua), and the number will increase to about 472,600 in 2020.
Table 5.2-1: Sewage disposal subproject Beneficiaries
Sewage disposal project (%) Sewage disposal project (beneficial population) Population estimation Household of sewage Population of sewage City (10,000 people) Sewage collection rate Wastewater disposal rate collection (10,000 collection (10,000 people) households) 2010 2015 2020 2010 2015 2020 2010 2015 2020 2010 2015 2020 2010 2015 2020 Jiande 11.74 12.34 12.97 80 80 80 100 100 100 9.39 9.87 10.38 3.13 3.29 3.46 Qujiang 2.26 3.07 4.16 70 80 80 100 100 100 1.58 2.46 3.33 0.53 0.82 1.11 District Pan’an (Shenze, 2.92 5.88 9.24 80 80 80 100 100 100 2.34 4.70 7.39 0.78 1.57 2.46 Yunshan) Pan’an 1.27 1.75 2.35 70 75 85 100 100 100 0.89 1.31 2.00 0.30 0.44 0.67 Jianshan Longyou 4.19 7.63 11.59 0 80 80 100 100 100 - 6.10 9.27 - 2.03 3.09 Tonglu 1.24 1.39 1.41 0 85 85 100 100 100 - 1.18 1.20 - 0.39 0.40 Lanxi 0.8 0.9 1.2 50 60 80 100 100 100 0.40 0.54 0.96 0.13 0.18 0.32 Total 24.42 32.96 42.92 14.60 26.17 34.52 4.87 8.72 11.51
Table 5.2-2: solid waste subproject Beneficiaries
Solid waste management project Population estimation Solid waste collection rate and management Solid waste collection rate and management City (10,000 people) of incoming solid waste (beneficial of incoming solid waste (Population %) population) 2010 2015 2020 2010 2015 2020 2010 2015 2020 Jiande 51.71 52.75 53.82 80 95 95 41.37 50.11 51.13
Table 5.2-3 :water supply subproject Beneficiaries
Population estimation (10,000 people) City 2010 2015 2020 Zhuji 28.1 28.4 28.8 Wucheng 13.71 13.71 13.71 Total 41.65 44.32 47.26
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But potential unfavorable environmental impact is also possible to the residents living near the sewage disposal plant and waste landfill, if the waste landfill and sewage disposal plant discharge disorderly the odorous gases (NH3, H2S) produced in operation process, it will impact greatly the living environment of surrounding villagers. Currently, in the location selection of sewage disposal plant and waste landfill, in order to avoid the potential environmental impact, usually, buffer zone is required to be established around the facilities (sewage disposal plant and waste landfill) (namely, set up the sanitary protection distance), for preventing such facilities to pollute and make health impact on the surrounding residents. In accordance with the Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill of Domestic Waste (GB16889- 2008) (implemented since July 1st, 2008) issued jointly by Ministry of Environmental Protection and General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China, the location of domestic waste landfill and its distance to surrounding residents shall be determined according to the conclusion of environmental impact assessment, and approved by local environmental protection administration; according to the environmental assessment report of this waste disposal subproject, its atmospheric protection distance is 500m. After the air estimation result analysis, at 500m away from the landfill buffer zone, the impact of planned waste landfill on surrounding environment is insignificant. The waste landfill will take mosquito, fly prevention and deodorization at any time during the operation period according to the site and meteorological conditions, for reducing the environmental impact as much as possible. In addition, the similar regulation is also applicable to sewage disposal plant. The atmospheric environment protection distance determined by environmental impact assessment, is also calculated by the atmospheric guidance issued by Ministry of Environmental Protection. According to the atmospheric environment estimation in the environmental assessment report, at 150-200m away from the planned plant border, the impact on atmospheric environment is insignificant.
5.2.2 Water pollution abatement 5.2.2.1 Pollution abatement achieved by new WWTPs
The implementation of sewage category subproject (sewage disposal plant project and sewage pipeline project), the domestic sewage and industrial wastewater within the service area will be collected and disposed effectively after the construction of sewage pipeline and sewage disposal project, which is beneficial to the further reduction of pollution load in Qiantang River Basin; by estimation, the implementation of sewage category subproject may reduce 5986t/a of CODCr and 394.2t/a of NH3-N.
Table 5.2-4: Estimation of pollution abatement achieved by new WWTPs
Pollutant Location Design parameters Unit BOD5 COD Cr SS NH3-N TP
Sewage quality mg/l 150 350 200 25 3.5
Influent volume m3/d 19000
Influent load t/yr 1095 2555 1460 182.5 25.55 Jiande City Removal rate % 93.33 85.71 95 80 85.71
Effluent quality mg/l 10 50 10 8 0.5
Pollutants reduction t/yr 970.9 2080.5 1317.7 117.9 20.8 Qujiang District, Sewage quality mg/l 200 370 300 35 4 Quzhou City Influent volume m3/d 20000
Influent load t/yr 1460 2701 2190 255.5 29.2
Removal rate % 95 86.49 96.67 85.71 87.5
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Pollutant Location Design parameters Unit BOD5 COD Cr SS NH3-N TP
Effluent quality mg/l 10 50 10 8 0.5
Pollutants reduction t/yr 1387 2336 2117 197.1 25.55
Sewage quality mg/l 180 500 350 25 3
Influent volume m3/d 5000
Influent load t/yr 328.5 912.5 638.75 45.625 5.475 Youbu Town, Lanxi City Removal rate % 88.89 88 94.29 68 66.67
Effluent quality mg/l 20 60 20 8 1
Pollutants reduction t/yr 292 803 602.25 31.025 3.65
Sewage quality mg/l 150 400 200 30 4
Influent volume m3/d 6000
Influent load t/yr 328.5 876 438 65.7 8.76 Pan’an County Removal rate % 93.33 87.5 95 83.33 87.5
Effluent quality mg/l 10 50 10 8 0.5
Pollutants reduction t/yr 306.6 766.5 416.1 48.18 7.665
Pollutants Reduction in Total t/yr 2956.5 5986 4453.05 394.2 57.67
5.2.2.2 Potential pollutants reduction by sewer network sub-projects
The sewage pipeline subproject collects effectively the sewage within the service area, disposes properly and drains when it reaches the standard; therefore the pollutants can be reduced annually as: 7,029.9t/a for CODcr and 203.67t/a for NH3-N.
Table 5.2-5 : Estimation of pollutants reduction by sewer network sub-project(2015)
Pollutant Location Design parameters Unit BOD5 COD Cr SS NH3-N TP Sewage quality mg/l 150 400 200 30 4 Pan’an County Effluent quality mg/l 20 60 20 8 1 Influent volume m3/d 9000 Pollutants reduction t/yr 427.05 1116.9 591.3 72.27 9.855 Sewage quality mg/l 170 550 370 25 2 Effluent quality mg/l 20 100 70 15 1 Longyou County Influent volume m3/d 30000 Pollutants reduction t/yr 1642.5 4927.5 3285 109.5 10.95 Sewage quality mg/l 170 550 370 25 2 Effluent quality mg/l 20 100 70 15 1 Tonglu County Influent volume m3/d 6000 Pollutants reduction t/yr 328.5 985.5 657 21.9 2.19 Pollutants Reduction in Total t/yr 2398.05 7029.9 4533.3 203.67 22.995
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5.2.2.3 Reduction of pollutant loads to the environment
The implementation of sewage category subproject (sewage disposal plant project and sewage pipeline project), the domestic sewage and industrial wastewater within the service area will be collected and disposed effectively after the construction of sewage pipeline and sewage disposal project, which is beneficial to the further reduction of pollution load in Qiantang River Basin; by estimation, the implementation of sewage category subproject may reduce 13,015.9t/a of CODCr and 597.87t/a of NH3-N. 5.2.2.4 Expected improvement of surface water quality
The expected improvement of river water quality has been predicted with one-dimension dilution and assimilative models, conclusions are described as follows:
JIANDE CITY CHENGDONG WWTP
When on normal drainage, the water quality at power plant bridge section (CODCr is 2.92mg/L, NH3-N is 0.026mg/L, TP is 0.017mg/L) is taken as background value, based on the guarantee rate 90% in dry season, the CODCr concentration at 20m in lower reaches of the outfall can reach the water standard of Category II, the NH3-N concentration at 40m in lower reaches of the outfall can reach the water standard of Category II, and the TP concentration at 20m in lower reaches of the outfall can reach the water standard of Category II.
When on abnormal drainage, the water quality of power plant bridge section (CODCr is 2.92mg/L, NH3- N is 0.026mg/L, TP is 0.017mg/L) is taken as the background value, based on the guarantee rate 90% in dry season, the CODCr concentration at 60m in lower reaches of the outfall can reach the water standard of Category II, the NH3-N concentration at 200m in lower reaches of the outfall can reach the water standard of Category II, and the TP concentration at 120m in lower reaches of the outfall can reach the water standard of Category II. QUZHOU CITY CHENGDONG WWTP
Currently, although the sewage pipeline of Qujiang New City Area is laid, the sewage is eventually drained directly to the Qujiang River together with the rainwater due to lack of sewage disposal plant. The environmental impact of directly drained wastewater without disposal is much greater than the impact of drainage after normal disposal; the CODCr impact degree is 4 times of drainage after normal disposal; NH3-N impact degree is about 10 times of drainage after normal disposal. Therefore, the emission of pollutants can be reduced effectively if the sewage is drained after disposal, and it may improve the nearby water of Qujiang River to a certain degree. LANXI CITY YOUBU TOWN WWTP
The sewage disposal scale of Lanxi City Youbu Town Sewage Disposal Engineering (1st phase) construction project is 5,000m3/d. the tail water from the sewage disposal plant after disposal passes through the planned outfall, in two working conditions including normal and accidental drainage, by estimation, the concentration is within the standard of Category III surface water when the contributed concentration values of CODCr at two sections in lower reaches is added with the background value. PAN’AN COUNTY JIANSHAN WWTP
The disposing scale of Pan’an County Jianshan Sewage Disposal Plant is 6000m3/d. when the tail water from the sewage disposal plant after disposal is thoroughly mixed, the estimated values of CODCr, NH3-N are 10.66mg/L, 0.48mg/L respectively; the environmental water quality of Jiaxi valley, its lower reaches, meets the corresponding functional zoning requirement.
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5.2.2.5 Benefits to Qiantang River and potential effect on water resources
The drainage of pollutants will be reduced after the collection of wastewater from Jiande City, Qujiang District of Quzhou City, Pan’an County, Longyou County, Tonglu County and Lanxi City, as well as the construction of sewage disposal plant, thus reduces the pollution load of Qiantang River; therefore, the water quality of Qiantang River can be improved further.
In addition, the implementation of such project will also bring other indirect benefits: The residential areas, enterprises and institutions along the river will be benefited solidly by the water improvement, including the offensive smell in summer, visual impact, and the environmental improvement of citizens’ entertainment places. The aquatic organism and aquatic ecology of the river system in such region will recover. Improve the water environment, thus help the enterprises in surrounding regions to develop, the trade, real estate and land will appreciate. Improve the living conditions of residents, thus reduce potential epidemics due to sewage drainage, and improve the sanitary conditions. Improve the investing environment of municipal/ county infrastructure projects, beneficial to the sustainable development of the region. Improve the water quality of river; enhance the environmental quality of the city. Improve the quality of crops in such region.
5.3 SUMMARY OF RESSETLEMENT, ECOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ASSOCIATED WITH SUB-PROJECTS
5.3.1 Impact on land occupation and land use 5.3.1.1 Affected population
This project will impact 8 counties (cities, districts) in 4 cities, namely Zhuji City, Longyou County, Jiande City, Wucheng District, Qujiang District, Tonglu County, Pan’an County and Lanxi City; there will be 1,047 households, 5021 people impacted by the project construction; mainly including the land acquisition, house relocation, infrastructure, underground auxiliary facilities and temporary land occupation etc.
There are 10 subprojects in this project related to land acquisition, namely t Jiande Meicheng solid waste management, Jiande wastewater collection and treatment, Tonglu Jiangnan town wastewater collection, Qujiang wastewater collection and treatment, Longyou wastewater collection, Youbu Town project, Pan’an wastewater collection(Yunshan), Pan’an wastewater collection(Shenzhe),Pan’an Jianshan town wastewater collection and treatment, Zhuji water supply and distribution. According to investigation, the project construction will acquire a land of 1485.147mu, including 1483.797mu collective land and 1.35mu state-owned land. The directly impacted population is 696 households, 2,379 people.
There are 6 subprojects related to house relocation, they are Jiande Meicheng solid waste management, Jiande wastewater collection and treatment, Tonglu Jiangnan town wastewater collection, Qujiang wastewater collection and treatment, Longyou wastewater collection and Youbu Town project respectively. The project construction totally impacts 50221.5m2 house, all of which is private.
Please see Table 5.3-1 for the details of land acquisition and impacted population of each subproject.
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Table 5.3-1 List of land acquisition of each subproject and impacted population Permanent land occupation (mu) House relocation (m2) Land acquisition and Temporary covering resettlement Temporary land occupation (mu) CL Impact Brick Impact Project name Civil, SL subtotal (wood) subtotal makeshift Farmland other Structure household Population SL CL subtotal household Population
Jiande Meicheng Solid Waste Management 0 260 0 260 12220 1175 13395 47 166 0 14.09 14.09 26 92
Jiande Wastewater Collection and Treatment 33.6 21.6 1.35 56.55 7841.5 519 8360.5 81 326 10.5 0 10.5 0 0
Tonglu Jiangnan Town Wastewater Collection 1.176 182.082 0 183.258 18706 1330 20036 142 499 31.85 60 91.85 52 182
Qujiang Wastewater Collection and Treatment 0 55.5 0 55.5 400 0 400 44 154 171.66 2.52 174.18 2 8
Longyou Wastewater Collection 0 712.64 0 712.64 5630 0 5630 74 260 0 42.55 42.55 86 302 Youbu Town(New District) WastewaterCollection andTreatment & Youbu 0 40.36 0 40.36 0 0 0 25 90 0 21.75 21.75 56 201 Old Town Infrastructure Project
Wucheng Water Supply and Distribution 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 347.45 347.45 418 1672
Pan’an WastewaterCollection (Yunshan) 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 37 1.35 38.35 0 0
Pan’an Wastewater Collection(Shenzhe) 0 116.26 0 116.26 1870 530 2400 192 548 0 20.7 20.7 71 185
Pan’an Jianshan Town Wastewater 0 31.05 0 31.05 0 0 0 52 177 9.975 0 9.98 0 0 Collection and Treatment
Zhuji Water Supply and Distribution 0 28.529 0 28.529 0 0 0 39 159 459.16 0 459.16 0 0
Total 34.776 1449.021 1.35 1485.147 46667.5 3554 50221.5 696 2379 720.15 510.41 11230.56 711 2642 Note:SL :state-owned land ; CL：collective land ;
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5.3.2 Impact on historical and cultural heritage
So far, confirmed by the local municipal, county cultural bureau and site investigation, except for the Lanxi City Youbu ancient cultural heritage project, no significant historical or cultural relics are discovered in the occupation area of other subprojects.
But in consideration of possible cultural relics discovered in the project construction process, the environmental management program of each subproject shall present detailed mitigation measures for avoiding the unfavorable impact on the cultural relics.
5.3.3 Impact on ecology 5.3.3.1 General
The project will not involve any destruction of valuable natural land. The selected project sites have no particular ecological value. No forest clearing; No destruction of area known for sheltering protected or threatened biodiversity; No encroachment into a protected area as a nature reserve or wetland; 5.3.3.2 Vegetation clearing during construction
During the construction period of sewage pipeline, some trees along the streets will be removed, and the urban landscape will be impacted. In addition, the land occupation and excavation during construction of sewage disposal plant, waste landfill and pump station will permanently damage the surface vegetation. The previous crops and natural vegetation will be replaced by sewage disposal plant, waste landfill, various facilities of road and other facilities. But the project site investigation shows that there is no any protected plant in the appointed project place to be temporarily or permanently damaged.. 5.3.3.3 Aquatic ecology of rivers
The drainage of industrial and domestic sewage, waste disposal and serious soil erosion, will impact the land/ aquatic ecological environment to some degree, mainly manifest in blocking of water passage by sludge, water eutrophication, algae floating, abnormal water color and odor spread etc.
According to investigation, the waters which are mainly related in the construction process of all subprojects include Wuxie River, Xinfan Creek, Xin’an River, Shangshan Creek, Anwen Creek, Xiajia Creek, Qujiang River and Fuchun River etc; the suspended substance will increase in the nearby rivers when the construction approaches the above mentioned waters. The use and maintenance of construction machinery might result in risk of petroleum leakage or overflow pollution, but the estimated pollution of construction action to aquatic environment is insignificant.
5.3.4 Visual Impact
According to analysis, the subprojects which cause the major visual impact are mainly the sewage disposal plant subproject and waste landfill subproject. There will be potential visual impact and negative effect to the surrounding environment when the sewage disposal plant is completed. The land use nature, ecological landscape and visual effect will be changed when the waste landfill subproject is completed, and cause certain impact.
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Besides, the visual impact of Youbu Town will be greatly improved when the construction project of Lanxi City Youbu Town old town infrastructure is completed, and there will be potential landscape effect.
5.3.5 Major mitigation measures 5.3.5.1 Mitigation measures to land acquisition and utilization Optimize reasonably the construction plan, for reducing the impact of temporary land occupation, and reduce the occupation period as much as possible. If the urban construction is constructed in the same place of pipeline, the planning and construction shall be done at the same time, for reducing the impact period. The construction contractor must consider minimizing the temporary land occupation and appropriate recovery, and make it a part of the environmental management program (EMP). 5.3.5.2 Mitigation measures to historical and cultural impact Whenever cultural relic is discovered during the project construction process, the following mitigation measures shall be taken: The project construction shall be approved by local cultural relic department; The constructors shall understand the state cultural relic protection law and relevant policy, and take protective measures in the place where cultural relic is discovered. The construction contractor shall get compulsory training according to the relevant requirements of environmental management program, including the knowledge of cultural relic protection. The construction must stop immediately and it shall be reported to cultural relic department whenever cultural relic is discovered. Further investigation shall be carried out and proper measures shall be taken whenever cultural relic is discovered. The construction cannot be continued until the site is checked and approved by authoritative department and experts. 5.3.5.3 Mitigation measures to ecological impact Any deforestation or transplantation shall be registered, and appropriate plants shall be compensated when the land is flattened, for making green belt. The construction site and construction action will be supervised by construction supervision company or environmental supervision unit; land cleaning and vegetation removal can only be carried out in the approved land and project construction site. Any land encroachment, including the temporary land occupation out of the land occupation program determined by feasibility report will be strictly restricted, for ensuring that the impact is only on the project construction site. For compensating the impact on vegetation, at least the same quantity of plants shall be planted at both sides of the road along pipeline, and the green area with same size shall be restored. When the waste landfill is closed, as part of the closure plan, the entire waste landfill will be greened with grass and shrubs. Land cleaning and excavation will be arranged properly, for avoiding the rainy season, reduce the soil erosion as much as possible. When the construction must be carried out in rainy season or near sensitive water due to construction technique, flood-cutting channel must be built to drain the surface runoff directly into rivers. The construction machinery shall be maintained regularly, for reducing the leakage of petroleum pollutant as much as possible; besides, the maintenance site shall be in the construction camp with concrete ground.
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5.3.5.4 Mitigation measures to visual impact Tall arbors shall be planted along the plant border for reducing the visual impact of sewage disposal plant as much as possible; the roads in the plant shall be planted with evergreen trees and shrubs, and other area can be planted with lawn and shrubs etc, for environmental beautification. Among which, the green ratio of sewage disposal plant shall be no less than 30%. Protect the temporary land occupation. Try to avoid deforestation in the planned construction area, vegetation restoration program will be carried out when the civil work is completed, and green belt can be formed anew by planting proper, feasible trees.
5.4 IMPACT ANALYSIS AND MITIGATION DURING CONSTRUCTION
5.4.1 Nuisances from earthworks
The ambient soil, vegetation and ecological system will be damaged if the waste slag is disposed improperly, result in soil erosion, unfavorable visual impact will be caused, and the land is occupied.
In addition, there will be a large quantity of soil excavated during the construction period of waste landfill engineering. The excavated soil will be stored as the backfill material for landfill construction afterwards. However, there might be soil erosion if the stacking yard lacks proper management.
Disturbance on entire waste landfill will damage the current situation of soil erosion, in some conditions, the accumulative impact of soil erosion of waste landfill is greatly larger than the current loss situation, result in intensification of soil erosion. The following mitigation measures shall be taken for reducing the soil erosion.
5.4.2 Impacts of traffic
During the project construction process, the traffic around the project will be influenced to some degree due to the increase of transport vehicles and road excavation caused by pipeline lying. A large number of cement, building material, soil, stone, pipe and construction machinery need to be delivered to the construction site from other places, thus increase the vehicle circulation of the region where the project is located in, but by estimation, the local traffic will not be greatly worsen, because there are existing roads with good conditions in the city zone, and the increased traffic volume due to construction will be divided by the major roads in the region, and there will be no great traffic impact, and it will only be impacted during the construction period. In rural area, the vehicle circulation of the roads is not large at all, so there will be no great traffic pressure on the existing roads; therefore, the increased traffic circulation during construction period will not cause great traffic impact on the located region.
When the construction of pipeline goes through the traffic facilities, the local transportation will be interrupted. The route of residents living along the roads will be adjusted properly by careful designing and construction schedule arrangement; consulting the traffic police, and communicate timely with the impacted people, the traffic impact will be relieved. And the impact will be reduced to some degree by providing temporary entry permission and making excavation construction on single side of the roads.
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5.4.3 Impact on air quality
The impact on environmental air quality during the construction period is mainly from the fuel combustion of machinery in actions of excavation, transportation, loading and unloading etc, as well as the welding fume during equipment installation; the major pollutants include HC, NOx, CO, TSP etc. The areas with the greatest impact are located in all project construction sites, as well as along the project route and within about 100m of the transportation roads.
During the construction period, the land leveling, piling, excavation, backfilling, road construction, transportation, open stacked powder material, loading & unloading, concrete mixing, house relocation etc may produce dust. If the waste slag during the construction is not disposed or stacked properly, it will impact the surrounding environment. The dust emitted into the air may impact the environmental air quality and people’s health. Further, the waste slag will be blown by wind when dried, result in the increase of suspended particles in air. Therefore, the management on waste slag during construction shall be improved, for reducing the unfavorable impact of construction dust on environmental air quality.
As relevant investigation shows, the dust of construction site is mainly generated by the running of transport vehicles, which accounts for about 60% of the total dust volume, and also related to the road surface and speed of vehicles; generally, the impact range of dust generated by the construction site, construction road under the action of natural wind is within 100m.
Water shall be sprayed to the road surface where vehicles drive on during the construction period for preventing dust; 4-5 times a day, then dust can be reduced by 70-80%; see Table 5.4-1 for the test result of dust prevention by water spraying in construction site.
Table 5.4-1 Test result of dust prevention by water spraying in construction site Distance (m) 5 20 50 100
TSP Average concentration per hour Without water spraying 10.14 2.89 1.15 0.86 (mg/m3) With water spraying 2.01 1.40 0.67 0.60
The test result shows that spray water for 4-5 times a day for dust prevention, the construction dust can be controlled effectively, and the TSP pollution distance can be reduced to the range of 20-50m.
5.4.4 Impact of noise
The noise of project construction is mainly generated by various mechanical equipment in the construction site and the traffic noise of material transportation. The noise of construction site mainly includes the noise of construction machinery, noise of material loading & unloading, as well as the action noise of constructors. See Table 5.4-2 for the major noise source during construction period and its sound pressure level.
Table 5.4-2: Noise value of main machines (dB(A))
Equipment Type 15 m 30 m 50 m 100 m 200 m Excavator 78 72 67 61 53 Bulldozer 78 72 67 61 53 Drilling machine 89 83 78 72 66 Air compressor 75 69 64 58 52 Vibrator 76 70 65 59 53 Mixer 75 69 64 58 52 Truck 76 70 65 59 53 Truck 77 70 65 59 53
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The project may impact the surrounding residents to a certain degree during the construction period; in order to reduce the impact on each noise sensitive point during the construction process, the working time of construction machinery must be arranged properly in the construction operation; in particular, the machinery with strong noise such as pile driver etc is forbidden to work in night, for reducing such noise impact on nearby residents. In different construction periods, the noise of construction site shall be controlled strictly according to Noise Limits for Construction Site (GB12523-1990).
According to the local day-night noise limit, see Table 5.4-3 for the maximum noise which shall be controlled by each sound source as well as the minimum protection distance between such sources and sensitive points.
Table 5.4-3: Minimum distance required between noise source and sensitive points
Shortest distance away from source (m) Noise source Maximum noise dB(A) Daytime Night Bulldozer 95 10 100 Excavator 96 12 115 Mixer 88 8 45 Vibrator 80 4 18 Drill 105 100 Prohibited
Among which, regarding some sensitive points along the major streets, such as school, hospital and kindergarten etc, the impact of construction noise on them during the project construction period is quite significant, some are near or even within the minimum protection distance listed in above table. Therefore, by estimation, the construction noise will impact the sensitive points near the construction site to some degree..
5.4.5 Water environmental impact
The wastewater during construction period includes construction wastewater and domestic sewage. The construction wastewater mainly includes the concrete casting and machinery maintenance wastewater, sand-gravel material wastewater, machinery and vehicle cleaning wastewater. Although the wastewater volume is not big during the construction period, it may still impact the surrounding water environment greatly if it is drained directly without any disposal.
In particular, the construction camp in the suburb area of construction site of waste landfill and sewage disposal plant will also produce domestic sewage. According to the estimation on site personnel, the daily wastewater volume is about 10-15m3. It will also cause environmental pollution if it is drained without any control.
In the construction period, hazardous chemicals will be stored and used. The major ones with large use quantity are engine fuel, engine oil and hydraulic fluid. Paint and solvent will also be used. There will still be risk of leakage. So, it might permeate into the ground or nearby rivers if it is not treated properly.
5.4.6 Impact of solid waste
Large number of sludge, residue soil (including the residue soil of demolished old buildings), soil of ground excavation, leftover waste material of construction as well as the domestic waste of constructors will be produced in the construction site during the construction period.
Most of the waste soil, remained soil of relocation can be carried to local waste landfill for landfill treatment; the solid waste produced in the construction period will be greened after centralized landfill and soil covering, and it will not impact significantly the environment.
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5.4.7 Construction Safety The construction site will cover a very large area (each subproject is related to 10km2 pipeline) because it is related to the pipeline system. The construction sites of waste landfill and sewage disposal plant which are located in rural area cannot be fully closed to local residents. Therefore, the operation of construction equipment, excavation of foundation pit, storage of construction material might cause hidden danger to the people; in particular, the school children are with strong curiosity, but lack of awareness of self-protection. In addition, the risk will be higher if the foundation pit, ditch are constructed or excavated in night and with poor visibility.
5.4.8 Major mitigation measures 5.4.8.1 Mitigation measures to soil erosion The waste soil must not be put in the farm or the area which is sensitive to soil erosion. The stacking point must not be set near any river, for preventing the soil erosion caused by strong surface runoff in rainy days. The stacking point will be restored as soon as some project construction is completed. During the construction of waste landfill, try not to clear the vegetation in the engineering area at the same time, it shall be implemented by zoning; the vegetation shall be recovered immediately when the site vibration stops; the construction work surface or sensitive area shall be sprayed regularly when there is strong wind; flood-cutting channel shall be set at both summit and foot of mountain, for reducing the soil erosion. The rainwater must be precipitated in the sedimentation tank before entering the sewage channel or river. 5.4.8.2 Mitigation measures to atmospheric impact Strengthen the management, promote civilized construction. Unload the materials carefully; remove the soil and dust on the vehicles before they leave the construction site. The vehicles for transporting lime, sand and gravel, concrete, fly ash and other materials shall be covered with canvas. During the construction period, In strong wind or dry weather the construction site and ground for vehicle driving shall be sprayed with water for preventing dust, 4-5 times a day, which may avoid the construction dust effectively. The running speed of vehicles is limited at 30-40km/h, for reducing the traffic dust. The temporary concrete mixing place shall be apart from the residential area as far as possible (no less than 100m). Combustible waste building materials must not be burnt in the construction site; they shall be carried to proper landfill or disposal field. The waste slag shall be cleaned and removed in time, and carried to the low-lying land or waste landfill appointed by government for disposal. It is forbidden to overload or leave the waste slag on the transportation road. The mud on wheels of the vehicles must be cleaned before they leave the construction site. The contractor must maintain carefully the trucks and other heavy mechanical engines, for reducing the waste gas emission. 5.4.8.3 Mitigation measures to noise impact Arrange the construction schedule reasonably, avoid the sensitive period; Try to use low-noise equipment, all engineering machinery shall be maintained regularly, for keeping the best conditions; Night time construction (22:00pm to 6:00am) is forbidden, particularly, in the constructed urban areas and the areas near sensitive points; and temporary noise shelter can be used when necessary;
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Negotiate with the influenced residents regularly, keep communicating and open the complaint channel, receive and feedback timely the residents’ complaints on construction noise. 5.4.8.4 Mitigation measures to water environmental impact The toilets in the camp site shall be connected to the sewage system as much as possible; otherwise, appropriate septic tank system shall be designed and set. One toilet must be set for every 20 labors; septic tank with enough capacity shall be set in the construction camp if there is no sewage disposal system. The septic tank shall be cleaned regularly, and the waste shall be carried by trucks to the sewage disposal or for farmland fertilization; The production wastewater and canteen sewage shall be connected to the sewage system as much as possible; otherwise, appropriate septic tank system shall be designed and set. The septic tank shall be monitored and maintained properly during the construction period, for avoiding leakage or overflow; All hazardous materials will be stored in a special storage, there will be at least one concrete baffle; rain and sun protection measures shall be adopted; and there shall be a storage capacity of 110% of the goods. The warehouse exit must be equipped with a valve which is connected to the oil separation system. The hazardous materials include:
The used engine oil and hydraulic oil will be collected and stored temporarily in a place, then carried for recycle or destroy. Every storage area or workshop manager shall register the new and used engine oil.
The hazardous chemicals including waste engine oil will be collected and stored temporarily in a place before being sent to hazardous waste disposal facilities. The non-hazardous waste and domestic waste will be collected regularly from the camp and construction site, and sent to the nearest waste landfill. Train the constructors; among which, train all the personnel with general knowledge on waste management. The contractor is required to draft the construction period risk emergency plan, for handling timely the unexpected accidental leakage in the construction site. Monitor regularly the sewage quality of construction camp and the water quality of surrounding receiving water. 5.4.8.5 Mitigation measures to solid waste The building waste and domestic waste produced during the construction period of each subproject will be sent to the waste landfill, and others will be delivered to the agreed place; Try to recycle the demolished waste material for comprehensive utilization. The waste soil shall be carried by trucks from the construction site; the process of waste soil transportation might impact the residents and traffic along the route to some degree. The contractor is responsible for preparing and submitting the waste earthwork management program, in order to reduce the social impact caused by waste soil disposal. 5.4.8.6 Mitigation measures to construction safety All construction sites will be set with eye-catching safety warning signs, for reminding local people about the safety risk; Each construction site will be assigned with special safety personnel for the safety of workers and local people; The construction action in urban area will be with special safety personnel for supervising the site construction and guaranteeing the safety of people. All the pits and ditches deeply excavated in public places (i.e. cities) will be with isolation measures, for preventing the unexpected falling of unaware people; and lighting warning will be provided in night. All personnel of contractor must get safety training before construction;
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Provide safety training to the people especially the schools near the construction site, warn the children about safety risk, for improving their awareness of safety and self protection.
5.5 IMPACT ANALYSIS AND MITIGATION DURING CONSTRUCTION - OLD TOWN INFRASTRUCTURE COMPONENT
5.5.1 General The old town infrastructure construction type project in this project is only one, namely the old town infrastructure construction project of Lanxi City Youbu Town; the construction content is related to the laying of infrastructure such as sewage pipeline and roads, restoration of old town road surface, as well as the renovation and landscape construction of the town creek. The environmental impact of old town infrastructure project during construction period mainly includes water environmental pollution, air pollution, noise impact , vibration impact as well as the impact on cultural relics or ancient architecture..
5.5.2 Impact on water environment
The major water pollution source of old town infrastructure construction project is the sewage pipeline and road paving, restoration and maintenance of ancient street surface, as well as the construction wastewater generated from creek renovation, and the domestic sewage produced by constructors.
Because most of the construction of sewage pipeline and the road restoration is carried out in the constructed urban area, the constructors may use the existing living facilities near the construction site; temporary living facilities will no be set in the pipeline construction site, the domestic sewage will be drained into the existing urban pipeline, and it will never impact the surface water environment. The construction wastewater is mostly produced from the concrete mixing, washing of vehicles and other machinery, as well as maintenance of machinery etc; the major pollutants include SS, petroleum. The direct drainage of construction wastewater will impact the surface water quality to some degree if it is not disposed.
5.5.3 Impact on atmospheric environment
Because the construction area of pipeline and roads paving, road restoration and creek renovation is mostly surrounded by residential areas, there are many environmental sensitive points, the noise during construction period will impact the surrounding environmental sensitive points to some degree. Therefore, the schedule of various construction machinery in construction work shall be arranged properly, for reducing the impact of construction noise on nearby residents; night time construction is strictly forbidden, for avoiding the impact of construction on residents’ normal rest. Meanwhile, the location for placing the equipment shall be carefully chosen, try to use the noise reduction function of natural conditions such as surrounding vegetation, thus reduce the noise impact during construction period to the least.
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5.5.4 Impact on noise environment
For the area of pipeline laying and ancient architecture, ancient bridge, road construction is mostly surrounded by residential areas, there are many environmental sensitive points; the noise during construction period will impact the surrounding environmental sensitive points to some degree. Therefore, the schedule of various construction machinery in construction work shall be arranged properly, for reducing the impact of construction noise on nearby residents; night time construction is strictly forbidden, for avoiding the impact of construction on residents’ normal rest. Meanwhile, the location for placing the equipment shall be carefully chosen, try to use the noise reduction function of natural conditions such as surrounding vegetation, thus reduce the noise impact during construction period to the least.
5.5.5 Construction vibration impact on the heritage or ancient buildings
Construction vibration include drilling, pile driving, hammering, excavators, and air compressor runs, backfill compaction and other construction activities in the vibration. General construction work of vibration is usually less than 30m away from the vibration source.
Since the Jiefang Street, Zhongshan Street road construction and sewage pipe network are near to the three bridges or the ancient buildings, there will be some vibration, If the project involves construction of bridges, ancient buildings or the construction of the section from the closer point to consider ways to reduce vibration, the vibration impact to the old bridge or the old buildings will be little.
5.5.6 Impact on cultural relics, landscape
The project construction is related to the restoration of old town road surface including the Jiefang Street, Zhongshan Street, and branch roads of old town block etc, make it a key scenic spot of the ancient Youbu Town in Lanxi City; besides, the renovation of old town creek is also related to the four ancient bridges on the town creek, namely Yongji, Yongfu, Yongan and Taiping. It shall be implemented strictly in accordance with the Law of the Peoples Republic of China on Protection of Cultural Relics and Rules for the Implementation of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Cultural Relics during the construction period, and construct strictly according to the planning and design, the engineering will never cause unfavorable impact on the cultural relics or ancient architecture within the project area.
The excavated open surface made by the project construction, as well as the resulted soil erosion, the fallout of material upon transportation, dust produced by construction and so on, will impact the urban landscape to some degree, but such impact will stop when the construction is completed.
5.5.7 Major mitigation measures 5.5.7.1 Mitigation measures to water environmental impact The construction unit shall set sedimentation tank during the construction period, so that the sewage (wastewater) produced in the construction, water accumulated in the site etc can be recycled for washing, sprinkling after sedimentation and up to the standard. Management shall be strengthened in the construction site; try to keep the site flat; the slopes of earthwork stacking shall be smooth, for reducing the entry of falling earth into the rivers near the stacking area. Strengthen the environmental management, prevent the pollution caused by either the leakage of construction machinery fuel, oil or the direct entry of waste oil into water. It is suggested to hold the oil leakage of construction machinery with barrels.
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5.5.7.2 Mitigation measures to atmospheric impact Strengthen the management, construct with civilization; the building materials shall be loaded & unloaded carefully; the vehicles for transporting lime, sand and gravel, cement and bricks which will easily cause dust shall be covered with tarpaulin. The lime, sand and soil etc better not to be stacked in open area, and water shall be sprayed regularly to the construction site, construction roads for reducing the construction dust. For the temporary, sporadic cement mixing areas, they shall be apart from residence as far as possible upon location selection. Make proper labor protection on the constructors; they shall wear dustproof masks etc. 5.5.7.3 Mitigation measures to noise impact Stipulate scientific construction plan, try not to use many high-noise equipment at the same time, and night time construction is forbidden. Operate the machinery according to the regulation; the operation rules shall be observed when disassemble the baffles, brackets, for reducing the impact noise. The units, residents along the route shall be communicated thoroughly before construction; the units and residents who will be disturbed by the construction shall be informed before construction, and the construction progress as well as the noise reduction measures taken during the construction shall be reported to them regularly. The transportation vehicles shall slow down when entering the site, and avoid horning. 5.5.7.4 Mitigation measures to cultural relics impact It shall be implemented strictly in accordance with the Law of the Peoples Republic of China on Protection of Cultural Relics and Rules for the Implementation of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Cultural Relics. When the engineering area is related to ancient cultural relics or ancient architecture protection range, it shall be firstly reported to the relevant administration department of cultural relics for approval; in terms of the road surface restoration or pipeline construction of Zhongshan Street, Jiefang Street, it shall be implemented by the unit holding qualification certificate of cultural relics protection engineering, and it shall be with at least two years of work experience on restoration. And this requirement shall be included in the project bid. Strengthen the education of managers, constructors on knowledge and awareness of cultural relics protection. The ancient architecture, ancient bridges in the project area shall be protected in particular during construction; try to avoid them when designing the route, avoid the damage on then upon construction. And necessary protective facilities shall be built for the ancient architecture, ancient bridges. near the bridges (Peace Bridge, Yongfu Bridge, Wing Bridge, Yongji Bridge) and the neighborhoods near the ancient road construction works should be low vibration mode, and the periodic vibration monitoring should be carried out.
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5.6 IMPACT ANALYSIS AND MITIGATION DURING OPERATION - WATER SUPPLY COMPONENT
5.6.1 General
This chapter mainly describes the environmental impact of each water supply subproject (Zhuji subproject, Wucheng subproject) of the environmental project of small cities in Qiantang River Basin, Zhejiang; which includes: ① the impact of sewage & wastewater drained from waterworks during operation on aquatic environment in lower reaches; ② the impact of sludge disposal on surrounding environment during operation; ③impact on air quality; ④ impact of equipment noise on surrounding environment.
Besides, it analyzes the benefit of planned water supply subproject, including:① the healthy and sustainable development of local economy can be promoted when the project construction is completed; ② implement clean production in the project production process, save the water and reduce the pollution, and it is beneficial to the pollutant drainage reduction and environmental quality improvement; ③ expand the water supply scale, improve the quality of supplied water, enhance the safety of water supply for meeting the demands of people’s life and production.
This chapter also estimates and analyzes that whether other water supply demands of the water intake points of reservoir or river etc will be impacted when this project is implemented.
5.6.2 Impact on the reservoir and water supply
(1) Impact on the reservoir
The water source of Zhuji Qingshan water plant and Jinhua Tangxi water plant will be taken from the Qingshan reservoir and Xin’fan reservoir respectively, of which Qingshan reservoir was built in November 1958, the total storage capacity is 17.31 million m3, the effective volume capacity is 9.25 million m3, the designed irrigation area is 12,000 mu ,which is a mainly to irrigation, combined with flood control, power generation, fish, domestic water supply and other comprehensive utilization of medium-sized water conservancy project, and the rehabilitation project has been completed at the end of 2009. Xin’fan reservoir was built in 1979, and the total storage capacity is 37.12 million m3, the designed irrigation area is 59,000 mu, which is a principally irrigation, combined with flood control, power generation, domestic water supply and other comprehensive utilization of medium-sized reservoir, and in 2008 has completed the rehabilitation project.
Currently, Qingshan reservoir and Xin’fan reservoir have a good operation, Zhuji Qingshan water plant and Jinhua Tangxi water plant will not affect them adversely.
(2) Impact on water supply
Because the capacity of Zhuji Qingshan Reservoir is quite large (total capacity is 17,310,000m3), the daily water intake quantity of 40,000m3 by Qingshan Waterworks will not impact other water demands of Qingshan Reservoir such as irrigation.
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Jinhua City Wucheng District Tangxi Waterworks plans to take water from Xinfan Reservoir. According to the water resource demonstration report, its maximum daily water supply shall be controlled within 80,000m3/d; the water intake quantity of Jinhua City Wucheng District Tangxi Waterworks is 50,000m3/d, which is only 62.5% of the water intake upper limit. In addition, when the ecological, farm irrigation and agricultural, animal husbandry water demands of the regions in lower reaches are met, the water supply scale of 50,000tons/day (annual water intake quantity is 10,950,000tons/year) in short term, the water supply guarantee rate is over 98% when the water level is 127m, adjusted by local irrigation area; and the water supply guarantee rate can also be over 95% when the water level is 122m.
5.6.3 Impact on sludge
Generally, the composition of sludge from waterworks is considered equivalent to the original solid composition of water body, only some flocculants are added during the disposal process, which will cause insignificant environmental impact. However, the sludge shall not be drained casually, but dispose it properly and make it meet the requirement of environmental protection. After concentration and dehydration, the liquid of sludge reaches Class I drainage standard (GB8978-1996) and to be drained, causes insignificant impact on the water quality of lower reaches. The dehydrated sludge mess will be sent to local municipal waste landfill for covering up, and it may reduce the environmental impact.
5.6.4 Impact on atmospheric environment
Sodium chlorite solution leakage, hydrochloric acid leakage and chlorine leakage is the major air environmental impact risk in the operation of waterworks. Among which, the chlorine leakage in the disinfection process is the biggest risk.
The disorderedly discharged chlorine in the chlorinafion room. The impact of chlorine disorderedly discharged on surrounding sensitive points and the site boundary is considered in the assessment; meanwhile, according to the requirement of atmospheric guidance, the engineering shall be set with air environmental protection distance. Please see Table 5.6-1 for details of the air sanitary protection distance of each project.
Table 5.6-1: Air sanitary protection distance of waterworks
Subproject Sanitary protection distance (m)
Zhuji City Not mentioned in the report
Jinhua City 300
Estimated according to the mode in the environmental assessment, when the water purification plant project is completed, under normal drainage, the chlorine concentration within the plant will be far lower than 0.4mg/m3, the limit standard for plant boundary in Class II drainage standard of air pollutant stated in Comprehensive Emission Standard of Air Pollutants (GB16297-1996); the sensitive objects around the water purification plant will also meet the limit 0.1mg/m3 in the Sanitary Standard for the Design of Industrial Enterprise (TJ36-79).
Wucheng water supply and distribution subproject EA reqires that the protection distance is 300m;That means the local government shall not approve the construction of residence, school etc which are for long time stay of people within the air environmental protection distance of the project construction site, for avoiding disturbance on people or pollution dispute.
The accidental discharge of leaked liquid chlorine impacts significantly the surrounding environment; such accident shall be prevented as much as possible.
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5.6.5 Impact on noise environment
During the operation period, the noise is mostly from the operation of water pump house; the noise intensity of water pump, fan etc in the water pump house is generally 80-100dB. The noise at the plant boundary of Jinhua project must meet the standard Class I of Emission Standard for Industrial Enterprises Noise at Boundary (GB12348-2008), namely 55dB for daytime and 45dB for night time. The noise at the plant boundary of Zhuji project must meet the standard Class II of Emission Standard for Industrial Enterprises Noise at Boundary (GB12348-2008), namely 60dB for daytime and 50dB for night time.
According to the noise estimation result in the water supply subproject environmental assessment report, the noise at plant boundary during the operation of waterworks can always meet the standard Class II, and possibly be over standard Class I; please see Table 5.6-2 for details of estimated result.
Table 5.6-2 : Estimated noise of water supply subproject plant at boundary Sound value (dB[A]) Subproject Sound source Standard Daytime Night time Wucheng Water Supply Up to standard by Up to standard by Water pump house Class II and Distribution qualitative analysis qualitative analysis Zhuji Water Supply and Up to standard by Up to standard by Water pump house Class I Distribution qualitative analysis qualitative analysis
5.6.6 Impact on sewage drainage
The sewage in the waterworks is mostly the domestic sewage of staff, wastewater of concentrated sludge etc.
The domestic sewage will be discharged when it is disposed by the sewage disposal facilities in the plant and meets the Grade I standard of Comprehensive Emission Standard of Sewage (GB8978- 1996).
In addition, the production wastewater of waterworks is mostly the mud-containing wastewater of concentrated sludge, liquid of wastewater pool, filtered water of filter tank, sludge discharge of sedimentation tank and the high turbidity water discharged after filter tank backwashing, the major pollutant is SS; regarding the fluid and high turbidity water discharged after filter tank backwashing, the sludge mess will be sent to outside after collection, sedimentation and sludge pressing; the fluid will be discharged to nearby rivers; the environmental impact is insignificant because the concentration of pollutant in the fluid is quite low.
5.6.7 Major mitigation measures 5.6.7.1 Mitigation measures to water environmental impact
The following measures will be taken during the project operation period : The domestic sewage will be discharged when it is disposed by the sewage disposal facilities in the plant and meets the Grade I drainage standard of Comprehensive Emission Standard of Sewage (GB8978-1996). The fluid will be discharged when it meets the Grade I drainage standard of Comprehensive Emission Standard of Sewage (GB8978-1996). 5.6.7.2 Mitigation measures to sludge impact The sludge produced in the operation period of waterworks shall not be discharged casually; it shall be concentrated and dehydrated, the dehydrated sludge mess will be sent to local municipal waste landfill for covering up, thus reduce the environmental impact.
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The sludge will be sent to the municipal waste landfill for treatment. All trucks for carrying the sludge must be sealed, for preventing sewage leakage and odor emission. The transportation schedule and route must be determined in advance and strictly observed; try to avoid the roads with busy traffic, commercial and residential areas as well as other sensitive areas, for reducing the environmental impact as much as possible. 5.6.7.3 Mitigation measures to atmospheric environmental impact Setting of air environment protection distance Residences, schools which are for people’s long stay must not be built newly within the air environment protection distance set by the project, for avoiding disturbance on people or pollution dispute. Strengthen the management of raw material storage and transportation The raw materials, namely sodium chlorite and hydrochloric acid, shall be stored in special warehouse, open air storage is forbidden; and they shall also not be stored in the places such as stairs, walkway opening or inlet of ventilation system etc; meanwhile, the sodium chlorite and hydrochloric acid shall be stored in different warehouses. The raw material transportation unit must get relevant qualification determination and transport permit, the motor vehicles for transporting the raw materials must be equipped with necessary emergency repair and protection appliance; it must observe strictly the driving route specified by local public security and traffic departments. Strengthen the daily management of equipment The personnel shall inspect and maintain regularly the chlorinafion equipment and storage vessels of hydrochloric acid, prevent the accidents of sodium chlorite solution leakage and hydrochloric acid leakage; meanwhile, the measuring pump, chlorine leakage alarm device and the instant water washing device for diluting the leaked solution etc shall also be inspected regularly, for keeping them always in normal working conditions. Make safety work system Safety technology manual shall be posted in the chlorinafion room, for strengthening the management; enhance the responsibility and diathesis of the personnel, make operation regulations, improve the operation skill of the personnel, prevent the accidents of sodium chlorite solution leakage, hydrochloric acid leakage and chlorine leakage due to improper operation. Meanwhile, the safety operation manual (including emergency operation) for the personnel shall be drafted by the waterworks, and emergency drills shall be made at ordinary times, for handling the accidents instantly, thus reduce the impact of sodium chlorite leakage, hydrochloric acid leakage and chlorine leakage. 5.6.7.4 Mitigation measures to noise impact
The following measures can be taken to the noise impact of water pump house in water purification plant: The pump house uses the sound absorbing material and sound proof measures, the outlet of water pump to be installed with flexible joint; and the machinery room, operation room are set with double-layer sound proof doors and windows. Forestation shall be made around the pump house, for reducing the noise impact. 5.6.7.5 Emergency program and risk control
The following measures will be taken to control and reduce the impact risk of accidents of water purification plant such as sodium chlorite solution leakage, hydrochloric acid leakage and chlorine leakage etc:
(1) Make emergency plan for environmental risk
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There is a department responsible for the environmental protection set in the waterworks for the environmental risk prevention in the plant; make and implement environmental risk prevention emergency plan within the plant, specify the management organization, responsible personnel and responsible range, prevention measures, publicity and education.
(2) Strengthen the management of raw material storage and transportation
The raw materials, namely sodium chlorite and hydrochloric acid, shall be stored in special warehouses, open air storage is forbidden, and they shall also not be stored in the places such as stairs, walkway opening or inlet of ventilation system etc; meanwhile, the sodium chlorite and hydrochloric acid shall be stored in different warehouses.
The raw material transportation unit must get relevant qualification determination and transport permit, the motor vehicles for transporting the raw materials must be equipped with necessary emergency repair and protection appliance; it must observe strictly the driving route specified by local public security and traffic departments.
(3) Strengthen the maintenance and management of equipment
The personnel shall inspect and maintain regularly the chlorinafion equipment, storage vessels of hydrochloric acid, prevent the accidents of sodium chlorite solution leakage and hydrochloric acid leakage; meanwhile, the measuring pump, chlorine leakage alarm device and the instant water washing device for diluting the leaked solution etc shall also be inspected regularly, for keeping them always in normal working conditions.
(4) Make safety work system
Safety technology manual shall be posted in the chlorinafion room; meanwhile, the safety operation manual (including emergency operation) for the personnel shall be drafted by the waterworks.
(5) Strengthen the personnel management and training
Strengthen the personnel management; enhance the responsibility and diathesis of the personnel, make operation regulations, improve the operation skill of the personnel, prevent the accidents of sodium chlorite solution leakage, hydrochloric acid leakage and chlorine leakage due to improper operation.
Strengthen the training of personnel, enhance the safety awareness and operation skill of the personnel; Meanwhile, emergency operation training shall be strengthened, thus reduce the impact of sodium chlorite solution leakage, hydrochloric acid leakage and chlorine leakage.
5.7 IMPACT ANALYSIS AND MITIGATION DURING OPERATION - WWTP COMPONENT
5.7.1 General
This chapter discusses the environmental impact of sewage disposal subproject, mainly including: ① the impact of tail water drainage on the aquatic environment of lower reaches of pollutant-containing water; ② the impact of sludge treatment on surrounding environment; ③ the impact of odor gas drainage during operation period on surrounding environmental air quality; ④ the impact of equipment noise during operation period on surrounding sound environment; ⑤ the impact of accidental wastewater drainage on surrounding environment.
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In addition, it analyzes the benefit of planned water supply subproject, including: ① beneficial to improvement of water quality of Qiantang River Basin, and it is eventually beneficial to the improvement of aquatic ecological environment of Qiantang River Basin; ② enhance the urban environment, improve the urban landscape; ③ improve the urban sanitary conditions, and enhance the health of citizens.
This chapter also estimates, analyzes the impact of sewage disposal plant tail water drainage on the quality of pollutant-containing water, makes mode estimation on the odor and noise of sewage disposal plant respectively by using the estimation model recommended by air, sound guidance, and analyzes the environmental impact related to sewage pump station and sludge disposal.
5.7.2 Impact on aquatic environment
The environmental project of small cities in Qiantang River Basin, Zhejiang is a project aiming at reducing the water pollutants of Qiantang River Basin. It will be beneficial to reducing the pollution load of Qiantang River water system when the project is completed, beneficial to the improvement of water environment. According to the designed disposal capacity, water intake and sewage draining standard of each sewage disposal plant, the pollutant is reduced to a certain degree due to newly built sewage disposal facilities or the expansion of existing disposal facilities, see Table 5.7-1 for the reduction details of its major pollutants.
Table 5.7-1: List of pollutant reduction of each sewage disposal subproject Pollutant reduction volume
Location Major pollutant-receiving water COD SS NH3-N TP t/a t/a t/a t/a Longyou County Qujiang River 6570 4380 146 14.6 Jiande City Xin’an River 2080.5 1317.7 117.9 20.8 Quzhou City Qujiang River 2336 2117 197.1 25.55 Tonglu County Fuchun River 985.5 657 21.9 2.19 Pan’an County Anwen Creek 1489.2 788.4 96.36 13.14 (Yunshan, Shenze) Pan’an County Jianshan Xiajia Creek 766.5 416.1 48.18 7.665 Lanxi City Qujiang River 803 602.25 31.025 3.65
Analyzing the entire Qiantang River Basin, the construction of sewage disposal subproject will be greatly helpful to reducing the pollution load and beneficial to the improvement of water quality, but the water near the outlet of sewage disposal plant is unfavorably impacted, because there are pollutants with certain concentration in the tail water (for instance, the concentration of COD is 60mg/L, which is over 40mg/L, the standard of water Class V). See Table 5.7-2 for the details of receiving water of each sewage project. Table5.7-2 : List of receiving water situation near each sewage disposal subproject City/county Receiving water/ Hydrological parameters Mixing length (m) Jiande City Xin’an River /69.3 m3/s 5581 Quzhou City Qujiang River/112 m3/s 1449 Pan’an County Xiajia Creek /0.9m3/s 956 Lanxi City Qujiang River/141 m3/s 5588
The tail water discharged by sewage disposal plant will form a pollution zone at the lower reaches of sewage outfall. The model estimation in the environmental assessment report of each subproject shows that the pollution zone may extend for several kilometers from the discharge point to the water quality datum section. Some pollutants in the impacted water, i.e. COD, are higher than the background concentration. There are no major sensitive water areas in the impacted zone such as water intake port.
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5.7.3 Impact on sludge
If the collection, transportation and treatment of sludge produced from the operation process of sewage disposal subproject is improper, it will impact the air environment, groundwater and surface water to some degree. Therefore, the sludge produced from the sewage disposal plant must be disposed properly. In the wastewater sub-projects EIA reports are to be focused on the sewage treatment plant sludge dewatering treatment plant used by the car shipped to the local landfill for proper treatment, essentially no impact on the surrounding environment.
5.7.4 Impact on atmospheric environment
The odor produced from the sewage disposal process is the major factor of impact on air quality, the H2S, ammonia produced from aeration tank, oxidation ditch, sludge concentration tank are the major components of odor. The discharge of odor pollutants belongs to disordered discharge. Its discharge shall meet the standard Class II in the Emission Standards for Odor Pollutants (GB14554-1993). The limit of odor pollutant of sewage disposal plant discharged disorderedly at plant boundary shall also accord with the Emission Standards for Odor Pollutants (GB14554-1993); see Table 5.7-3 for details of specific indexes. Table 5.7-3 : Standard value of odor pollutant at plant boundary Unit: mg/m3
Pollutant H2S CH3-SH C2H6SC Ammonia C3H9N Limit 0.06 0.007 0.07 1.5 0.08
The odor pollution source of sewage disposal plant is mainly at the entrances of oxidation ditch, grid, sedimentation tank, concentration tank and aeration tank, its concentration is comparatively high, but the concentration is rapidly lower 100m away. Besides, the major odor producing points may be controlled selectively; for instance, the major pollution producing units can be covered at the tops, and further measures can be taken for odor pollutant elimination; and the concentration of odor pollutant can also be decreased further when the green area is expanded. The environmental assessment report of each subproject adopts the mode recommended by atmosphere guidance to calculate the sanitary protection distance of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia as less than 200m (taking the odor pollution source within the plant as the boundary). The air quality estimation of two major odor pollutants is made by simple diffusion model, and the calculation result shows that the odor pollutants impact insignificantly on the surrounding air environment. See Table 5.7-4 for the details.
Table 5.7-4 : Estimation result of air quality impact on sewage disposal plant Impact distance (m) Subproject H2S NH3 Jiande WastewaterCollection and Treatment 100 100 Qujiang Wastewater Collection and Treatment 100 100 Pan’an Jianshan Town Wastewater Collectionand Treatment - - Youbu Town(NewDistrict) Wastewater Collection and Treatment 200 200
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5.7.5 Impact on noise environment The noise at the boundary of sewage disposal plant must accord with the standard Class II of Emission Standard for Industrial Enterprises Noise at Boundary (GB12348-2008) (60dB for daytime, 50dB for night time). The major noise source during the operation period is the operation of pump station and sewage disposal facilities, such as mud pump, sewage pump, fan and air compressor etc, the noise source intensity is generally 90-110dB. See Table 5.7-5 for details of noise attenuation, the noise is 53dB at 20m away from the pump station, it can meet the standard Class II of Environmental Quality Standard for Noise (GB3096-2008) in daytime, but it might exceed this standard in night time. Table 5.7-5: List of noise source intensity and reduction Unit: dB(A) Noise source Source intensity Noise proof of Distance of Estimated sound Location intensity value wall attenuation (m) vlaue Various pumps Pump house 60～80 20 20 53
According to the noise estimation result in the environmental assessment report of each subproject, the plant boundary noise during operation period can meet the standard Class II, see Table 5.7-6 for details. Table 5.7-6: Noise estimation result of sewage disposal plant Sound value (dB[A]) Subproject Sound source Standard Daytime Night time Longyou Wastewater Collection No impact (only the part of pipeline) Jiande Wastewater Collection and Treatment WWTP 30.9~56.0 37.6~54.7 Class II Qujiang Wastewater Collection and WWTP 45.4～49.7 44.2～49.6 Class II Treatment Tonglu Jiangnan Town Wastewater WWTP 55.3~56.1 49.0~49.7 Class II Collection Sewage Pan’an Wastewater Collection (Yunshan) pumping ≤60 ≤50 Class II station Pan’an Wastewater Collection(Shenzhe) No impact (only the part of pipeline) Sewage Pan’an Jianshan Town Wastewater pumping ≤60 ≤50 Class II Collection and Treatment station Lanxi City WWTP 49.0～54.2 47.0～53.5 Class II
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5.7.6 Impact on industrial wastewater discharge It is popular in China to discharge the industrial wastewater into the municipal sewage pipeline, the joint discharge of industrial wastewater and domestic sewage is beneficial to the effective sewage disposal. Regarding the industrial enterprises located in the service range of sewage disposal plant, their wastewater will eventually be discharged into the sewer and conducted to the sewage disposal plant for disposal. If the industrial wastewater contains a certain concentration of heavy metal, it might cause risk on the biological disposal process aiming at the organic pollutant elimination. The pollutants with high concentration might disturb the process of biological purification; meanwhile, if the toxic substance such as heavy metal etc contained in the industrial wastewater disposed by the sewage disposal plant is over a certain standard, it may poison and kill the organism and make the biological disposal process no longer effective. In addition, because the physical and biological disposal process cannot eliminate the heavy metal in the wastewater, such heavy metal may accumulate in the sludge, and it will harm the sludge when it is accumulated to an enough concentration. By investigation, currently, the industrial enterprises in the service range of the sewage disposal subproject are mainly engaged in medicine pharmacy, food processing, paper making and mechanical processing etc, and the heavy metal concentration in their production wastewater is low. See Table 5.7-7 for the details of industrial wastewater in the service range of each sewage disposal subproject. Table 5.7-7: Industrial wastewater in the service area of sewage disposal plant Project Longyou County Jiande City Quzhou City Tonglu County Pan’an County Lanxi City Machinery, Bicycle fittings Metal products, Chemical Chemical food, paper processing, medicine industry, paper Plastic industry, making, chemical Major enterprises pharmacy, paper making, processing textile, cement bamboo & industry, textile, making, textile, building wood food processing food processing material, textile processing Wastewater volume of major 91990 90500 49100 16600 14030 enterprises (m3/d) CODcr 300, CODcr 300, SS CODcr 300, SS CODcr 300, SS CODcr 300 , SS BOD 150, SS CODcr 250, SS Water quality after pre- 220, NH2-H 25, 150, NH2-H 25, 150, NH2-H 25, 220, NH2-H 25, 200, NH2-H 150, NH2-H 20, treatment (mg/L, except pH) TP, 1.0, pH=6- TP, 1.0 mg/L, TP 1.0, pH=6- TP1.0, pH, 6-9. 20, PO4-P 3, TP 1.5, pH=6-9. 9. 50, pH=6-9. 9. pH 6-9. Industrial wastewaterwater proportion in intake water 45 50 35 20 50 40 (%) In addition, according to the requirement of Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB8978- 1996), the pollutants such as mercury, chromium, cadmium, lead etc are classified as pollutant Class I, they must be discharged after treatment in workshop and meet the standard. Therefore, when it is ensured that the heavy metal in industrial enterprises’ wastewater is disposed in the workshop and meets the standard according to the Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB8978-1996), generally, the heavy metal content in the industrial wastewater will not impact the disposal process of sewage disposal plant.
5.7.7 Impact on sewage pump station The sewage disposal subproject mainly include the sewage pump station construction related to the 2nd phase expansion engineering of Jiande City Chengdong Sewage Disposal Plant, sewage pipeline engineering of Pan’an County Yunshan Block, engineering of Pan’an County Jianshan Sewage Disposal Plant, engineering of Tonglu County Jiangnan Town sewage pipeline. The sewage pump station will produce noise during normal operation period, the source intensity is about 85-90dB. The sewage pump in the pump station is usually set as semi-underground, and after the noise reduction measures, it is estimated that the noise can meet the relevant standard in Emission Standard for Industrial Enterprises Noise at Boundary (GB12348-2008) when it is sheltered by pump house and attenuated by distance.
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In addition, the odor gas emitted disorderedly by the pump station grid well might impact the surrounding environment to some degree.
5.7.8 Impact on the sewage treatment plant
The sewage treatment subprojects also include Longyou, Pan’an County, Tonglu subprojects, all of them are the pipe network project. Longyou, Pan County(yunshan & shenze), Tonglu subprojects will collect sewage respectively to the Longyou Chengbei sewage treatment plant, Pan’an County sewage treatment plant and Tonglu County sewage treatment plant. The description of those sewage treatment plant is shown in Table 5.7-8.
Table 5.7-8 : The description linked work of sewage treatment plant No. subproject Linked work Description located the north of Longshan road in Longyou Industrial Park, west of the mohuan river,In July 2008, Zhejiang Development and Reform Committee ([2007]565) approved the feasibility study report of Longyou County Chengbei sewage treatment plant. The approved construction capacity is 40000 m3/d and that of the first phase 20000m3/d. Outlet water quality conforms to criteria for Grade I of “Sewage comprehensive discharge standard (GB8978-1996)”. Longyou Industry Park Longyou County Longyou Wastewater Administration Committee and Longyou Chengbei sewage treatment Co., Ltd. signed BOT 1 Chengbei sewage Collection chanchise rights agreement for period of 28 years on 28 June 2009. Currently, this project is under treatment plant construction stage. Longyou County Chengbei sewage treatment plant was started in December 2009 and is scheduled to complete and put into operation in October 2010. Currently, Chengbei sewage treatment plant builds accession roads and enclosure walls and levels ground. The EA was approved by Environmental Protection Department of Zhejiang Province (ZHJ [2008] 8) on 18 January 2008. Pan’an Wastewater Located north of Pan County, the total size of 30,000 tons / day; a scale of construction is 1.5 2 Collection (Yunshan) Pan’an County million tons / day, on August 20, 2007 completion of the project, October 30, 2007 formally put into sewage treatment operation . The project of sewage treatment process using SBR method, the tail water discharge Pan’an Wastewater 3 plant standards, "municipal wastewater treatment plant emission standards" (GB 18918-2002) 1（B） Collection(Shenzhe) standard of the sewage treatment plant now operating normally. Located in the south of Baiyunyuan Road inTonglu Economic Development Zone, a designed capacity of 20,000 tons / day, put into operation in January 2005, the actual processing capacity of Tonglu County Tonglu Jiangnan Town 14,200 tons / day, in March 2006 inspection by the EIA; second phase started in September 2006 4 sewage treatment Wastewater Collection the building of new sewage treatment scale 40,000 tons / day, the implementation of "municipal plan wastewater treatment plant discharge standard of pollutants" (GB18918-2002) 1（B） standards, has completed test operations in state.
From Table 5.7-8, It is shown that those sewer network to collect sewage works will collect the sewage to nearby sewage treatment plant, which the sewage effluent are the main sewage，so those treatment plants will not be a negative impact on operations.
5.7.9 Major mitigation measures 5.7.9.1 Mitigation measures to water environmental impact
Once the project is completed and put into operation, it is estimated that the surface water quality of receiving river will be greatly improved. In order to ensure the accomplishment of the project and improvement of surface water quality, the following measures will be taken in the project operation period: Implement strictly the regulations and standards of environmental discharge, the enterprises which discharge against the standard for several times shall be ordered to improve or stop production, until they meet the discharge requirements. In the service area, the wastewater entering into the pipeline must meet the standard of Grade III in Class I pollutant in Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB8987-1996) and the requirements of Discharge Standard for Municipal Wastewater (CJ3082-1999). All large scale sewage discharge within the project service area is required to be pretreated (the condition is mostly available), and reservoir shall be set for handling the failure of pretreatment facilities. Make emergency plan to handle the failure of sewage disposal facilities’ normal operation.
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Strengthen the water quality monitoring, including the industrial wastewater discharged into the pipeline, water intake, water output and the receiving water at lower reaches of the outfall. In order to monitor the accidental discharge of wastewater, the local EPB may require the plant to make online monitoring on the mostly discharged wastewater. Strengthen the management and responsibility system of sewage disposal plant, personnel training, data organization, as well as other management system. 5.7.9.2 Mitigation measures to atmospheric environmental impact The following measures will be taken to reduce the odor pollution in surrounding environment: Set air environmental protection distance, residence or other sensitive architecture cannot be built within the protection distance. Biological deodorization system shall be built; the sludge stacking shed shall be sealed for ensuring the effective operation of odor collection system. Green isolation zone shall be set around the plant boundary, forming a three-dimensional protection forest consists of grass, shrubs and arbors. Try to green the plant area in small spaces, plant trees, which may reduce the impact of odor on surrounding environment. Strengthen the management of sewage disposal plant operation. Clean and transport the sludge in time when it is concentrated, fermented and dehydrated. The accumulated silt shall be removed upon the maintenance of reservoir, for preventing the odor impact. Air quality monitoring plan (odor) shall be included in the project’s environmental management program, for ensuring that the impact range is within a certain distance. The plant shall keep on communicating with the nearby residents, understand and solve any possible problem from the plant operation. 5.7.9.3 Mitigation measures to noise impact Use low-noise equipment; it is suggested to use sealed wall or double-layer window structure on the air blower house, sewage pump house etc for noise proof, the equipment foundation shall be set with anti-vibration cushion, for reducing the noise produced by equipment vibration; air pipe shall be added with restrictor and muffler etc. Greening As required by environmental and engineering design, the plant area greening shall be made well, and a green belt with certain width shall be set around the plant boundary and pump station, for reducing the impact of noise and odor on surrounding environment. 5.7.9.4 Emergency plan and risk control The following measures will be taken for controlling and reducing the impact risk of accidental discharge of sewage disposal plant: The design shall consider the fluctuation of intake water quality and possible accidental discharge in the service area. The enterprises within the service area are required to set their own reservoirs for handling the accidental discharge and pretreatment. Strengthen power supply management and maintenance, try to avoid or reduce unexpected power failure. The sewage disposal plant shall be designed with double circuit line for improving the power reliability. Strengthen the internal management system, including regular maintenance, technical training and programming etc. The following measures will be taken in case there is accidental discharge of enterprises’ wastewater, suddenly increase on the water intake concentration and pollution load, sudden interruption on power supply, failure on major equipment or other emergency: Ensure that the desanding tank and primary sedimentation tank can eliminate the wastewater to some degree.
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Report immediately to the authority, and find out the reason of accidental discharge and sudden increase of load, and take necessary monitoring procedure, stop the accidental discharge and reduce the impact on organism of aeration tank; In case the double circuit power supply is both cutoff or there is situation out of control of the operator of sewage disposal plant, the generator set must work immediately, for avoiding the stop of plant operation, and the plant shall inform the governmental department (local EPB) immediately, and store the industrial wastewater temporarily, until the plant operation is resumed. In the period of accidental discharge or other failure, the plant shall inform the related parties through relevant government organizations, and monitor the receiving water and take necessary actions. 5.7.9.5 Sludge disposal and treatment program (1) Sludge concentration and dehydration Proper design idea shall be taken for sludge dehydration and concentration. The engineers have suggested to find the sludge with similar properties from the existing sewage disposal plant for sludge dehydration and concentration tests. Such flocculant might be added into the sludge for improving the dehydration and concentration efficiency. (2) Sludge transportation The sludge will be carried to municipal waste landfill for landfill treatment. All trucks for carrying the sludge must be sealed, for preventing sewage leakage and odor emission. The transportation schedule and route must be determined in advance and strictly observed, try to avoid the roads with busy traffic, commercial and residential areas as well as other sensitive areas, for reducing the environmental impact as much as possible. (3) Sludge treatment The sludge will be treated in the local waste landfill. Each landfill spot will be covered with soil, for avoiding odor emission. The air quality and groundwater of the landfill area shall be monitored, for ensuring that the impact meets the design requirement. The monitored result is the basis for further mitigation measures.
5.8 IMPACT ANALYSIS AND MITIGATION DURING OPERATION - SOLID WASTE COMPONENT
5.8.1 Nuisances to residents from waste collection and transport
The work of waste collection and transportation system of the landfill during operation period is to collect, transfer and transport the separate waste, its environmental impact mainly manifests on the noise of collection and transportation equipment, odor gas as well as the environmental impact of washing wastewater of waste transfer station.
The noise of waste transfer station comes from the waste compression, lifting device, exhaust fan and vehicle transportation, the noise source intensity is between 80-85dB(A). The waste compression transfer is operated in the transfer room, the transfer room is shielded by brick walls on three sides, and there is only one side open upon operation for the waste transportation vehicles to load waste. Because there is no equipment producing high intensity noise at the waste transfer station, furthermore, the transfer quantity of waste transfer station is usually small, and the operation time is short, so the unfavorable environmental impact of the noise of collection station can be controlled effectively if night time operation is avoided and the collection station is in a certain protection distance to the surrounding residential area upon construction.
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In addition, because most of the waste transfer stations are located in city zone, the noise of waste transportation vehicles, loading machinery etc will surely impact the surrounding environment to some degree, but the impact is temporary and limited, and the degree is insignificant.
Because the waste transfer station handles the waste everyday, the waste stays at the collection station for a short time, the emission volume of odor is small. The environmental pollution caused by odor can be reduced if the waste collection station keeps a certain distance to the surrounding buildings upon construction and exhaustion treatment is taken on odor gas. In addition, the environmental impact of odor during transportation is also insignificant because the waste transportation vehicles are sealed.
The major components of wastewater discharged after the washing of collection station are SS, COD etc; it can be discharged into the environmental water or municipal sewage disposal plant when it is collected, treated and meets the water pollutant discharge limit specified in the Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site of Municipal Solid Waste (GB16889-2008). Therefore, the wastewater of waste transfer station will not impact the environment.
5.8.2 Nuisances to residents from landfill sites 5.8.2.1 Noise landfill site operation
The major noise source in the site area of waste landfill is produced by the transportation and operation of compactors, bulldozers and the waste dump trucks accessing the landfill everyday. The waste compactors and bulldozers work with movement, the noise of transportation vehicles is mostly produced in certain periods, and they are all in daytime. According to the requirement of waste landfill location selection, there shall be no resident gathering points in short distance around the site area, and there will be no new sensitive points planned within 500m sanitary protection distance of the plant boundary, therefore, it can be considered that the noise impact during landfill operation process on surrounding environment is insignificant.
But according to the requirement of standard discharge, the enterprises shall make sound proof, noise reduction on the fixed sound sources such as pump and fan; meanwhile, maintain and repair the waste transportation vehicles as well as landfill operation machinery regularly, for reducing the impact of abnormal noise. 5.8.2.2 Odor
The municipal domestic waste is a major odor source; along with the decomposition of waste, it emits various odorous substances. The odorous pollutants in the domestic waste landfill gas are mainly H2S, N3H and a little methylmercaptan etc, account for about 0.2%-1.4% of the total landfill gas. Such odorous pollutants make people feel uncomfortable when they act on human olfactory sensory cells. People will suffer from some functional diseases including anorexia, insomnia, memory deterioration and dysphoria etc when they live in the environment polluted by odor for a long time. In order to ensure the health safety of residents, the safety protection distance between residential area and the landfill site shall be at least 500m, the residents within 500m from the landfill site need to be relocated. In addition, the green plants planted in the landfill can absorb some odor gas, which may reduce the environmental impact of odor to some degree.
Therefore, as long as the relevant construction standard and technical code of landfill are strictly observed for landfill construction, the odorous gas produced by waste landfill will hardly impact the major environmental protection objects, namely the residential points surrounding the waste landfill.
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5.8.2.3 Pest development
Solid waste may attract a lot of flies, rats and insects, and the waste leachate produced during decay and decomposition will also grow mosquitoes and other disease microorganism, it is a potential disease transmission source; if the management is improper, the safety and health of nearby people and animals will be impacted. Therefore, mosquito and fly prevention, rat elimination and disinfection shall be made regularly or momentarily according to the site and weather conditions, for preventing the pests from harming the people and animals.
5.8.3 Impacts associated to landfill operation 5.8.3.1 Leachate impact from landfills
The wastewater in the process of waste landfill is mostly the waste leachate; because it contains some organism with high concentration, such as CODCr,BOD5, ammonia nitrogen, and there might be also harmful components such as colifrom community, heavy metal ions, odor pollution; therefore, it may deteriorate the quality of pollutant-receiving water if the leaked waste leachate enters into the natural water, result in death of aquatic organism; it may cause death or yield reduction on surface vegetation if it enters into the soil stratum, and it may cause groundwater pollution if it enters into the groundwater; and its impact is long time or even permanent. The leakage ways of waste leachate are mostly the two: underground leakage caused by improper anti-seepage measures or damage of anti-seepage layer as well as leakage of adjusting tank overflow. 5.8.3.2 Risk of explosion of landfilled gas
The landfill gas is the mixed gas produced by domestic waste during landfill disposal process, whose organic waste gas is anaerobically degradated; its major components are CH4, CO2, H2, N2 and O2, and some trace gases, such as H2S, NH3, heptane, octane, vinyl chloride etc. The disordered discharge of landfill gas will cause many environmental problems; for example, the contained CH4 with high concentration is a combustible gas, according to its property, if it occupies 5-15% of the volume in mixed gas, it will ignite itself or explore when meeting with a fire source, thus influence the safety of surrounding people and animals; so it is a potential explosion source, and also an important greenhouse gas. Besides, the potential harm of odor gases such as H2S, NH3 to human can also not be disregarded. Poor ventilation in the site, the methane gas fails to diffuse in time or a large quantity of methane gas accumulated due to the failure of discharge guidance system in the dump are the key reasons for the self-ignition or explosion of methane gas.
5.8.4 Closure of existing landfill
(1) Analysis of existing landfill leachate water quality
Analysis of the previous article, The project involves the closure of three existing landfill,including Xiaya landfill, Meicheng jiuwu landfill, Yangcunqiao Landfill.
According to monitoring results, The three landfills leachate quality are specifically shown in Table 5.8-1. Table 5.8-1 The list of three landfills leachate quality TP NH -N COD TN No. Site pH 3 Cr （mg/L） （mg/L） （mg/L） （mg/L） 1 Xiaya landfill 7.02 0.288 14.9 206 25.6
2 Yangqunqiao landfill 7.61 3.04 1.63×102 232 2.02×102 3 Meicheng jiuwu landfill 7.62 0.390 25.5 101 32.2 standards 3.0 25 100 40
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From Table 5.8-1, Yangcunqiao landfill leachate has higher concentration, The main exceeded indicators are CODCr, NH3-N, TN, the ratio of standard values were 6.5,2.3,5.1; Xiaya Landfill leachate indicators above the standard is CODCr, its value than the standard 2.1; Meicheng jiuwu landfill leachate indicators basically meet "Solid Waste Landfill Pollution Control Standard" (GB16889-2008) corresponding standard. (2) Analysis of existing landfill groundwater quality Jiande Environmental Monitoring Station have monitored the underground water of Xiaya Solid waste Landfill, Yangcunqiao Soild waste Landfill and Meicheng Jiuwu Solid waste landfill. The result has been showed in Table 5.8-2. Table 5.8-2 water quality of the underground water from Xiaya、Yangcunqiao、Meicheng Jiuwu Solid Waste Landfill Underground Underground Water quality Underground water water of Num water of Meicheng standards of the category character of Xiaya Solid Yangcunqiao ber Solid Waste underground water Waste Landfill Solid Waste Landfill Level Ⅲ Landfill uncolored、 1 pH 8.33 8.12 8.24 6.5~8.5 clear uncolored、 2 NH3-N 0.085 0.132 0.075 ≤0.2 clear Volatile uncolored、 3 0.005 0.006 0.005 ≤0.002 hydroxybenzene clear Coliform uncolored、 4 >24000 >24000 >24000 ≤3.0 (unit/L) clear uncolored、 5 T-Pb(mg/L) <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 ≤0.05 clear uncolored、 6 Cu(mg/L) <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 ≤1.0 clear uncolored、 7 Mn(mg/L) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 ≤0.1 clear uncolored、 8 Zn(mg/L) <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 ≤1.0 clear uncolored、 9 T-Cd (μg/L) <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 ≤0.01 clear uncolored、 10 Fe(mg/L) <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 ≤0.3 clear uncolored、 11 T-Hg (mg/L) <0.00005 <0.00005 <0.00005 ≤0.001 clear uncolored、 12 T-As (mg/L) 0.00328 0.00415 0.00322 ≤0.05 clear uncolored、 13 CODMn(mg/L) 3.85 4.39 3.74 ≤3.0 clear Note：The bold and italic means over the standard. From Table 5.8-2, the underground water quality could satisfied the Underground Water Quality Standard (GB/T14848-93) except a few categories in Xiaya, Yangcunqiao and Meicheng Jiuwu Solid Waste Landfill, like the Coliform and CODMn Index.
The main reason that caused Coliform and CODMn Index exceed the standard is because the three Solid Waste Landfills are all simple landfill plants, the leakage of the solid wastes would have effect on the underground water quality. Due to these simple landfill plants do not have leakage prevention steps, the leakage might impact the underground water，this project designer consider to close these three existing simple solid waste landfills which will based on the FSR. The main tasks are gas transmit project, leakage recycle treatment project, landfill closure project which are used for avoiding or reducing the bad effects on the atmosphere, underground water and surface water by the landfill plants.
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When closing the existing solid waste landfills, set catchwater facilities around the storeroom; set perforation canals to help releasing the methane gas; close and overlay the landfill area. After doing these measures, it will greatly improve the environment around the solid waste landfills, effectively reduce the amount of the leakage, and keep the methane exploding accidents away. This scheme has a high maneuverability, the investment has already been put into the project’s total investment. Thinking from the EIA point of view, after the existing solid waste landfills taking the closure scheme into account based on the FSR, the environment around the landfill plants will get improved ultimately. However, we have to add vertical leakage prevention facilities and monitoring wells around the plants, collecting the leakage from the existing landfill plants, treat them in the solid waste leakage treatment station, released it when it satisfied the standard, all of these are based on the existing scheme which is taking the probabilities of the underground water and soil contaminant by the leakage into consideration. To sum up the above analysis, this project will close the existing landfill plants (Xiaya, Yangcunqiao and Meicheng Jiuwu Solid Waste Landfill) according to the above-mentioned requirements. After the closure, the natural water will be isolation to get into the range of the original landfill places, although some little amount of water could enter into the solid wastes as some engineering reasons, the leakage will mainly produced by the ferment decomposition of the domestic solid wastes in the plants, by some amount of time, the producing amount of the leakage and the concentration of the pollutants will be in a downtrend, the concentration of the organic pollutants and NH3-N will become less and less, the bio-chemical ability will be declined, the value of BOD/COD might be less than 0.1. Besides, after adding the vertical leakage prevention facilities, the underground water contaminants from the leakage will be reduced. Moreover, the area’s ecological environment will be improved by the afforestation after the landfill plants closure project.
5.8.5 Soil Borrow for Landfilling The earthwork excavation in earth drawing field, earthwork stacking of waste soil will destroy the original ground surface structure, the original surface vegetation is removed, with bare slope or surface; meanwhile, the earth drawing operation will thoroughly destroy the integrity or tight structure of original rock stratum, forming tiny and loose soil, so that soil erosion may be caused by rain and gravity. 5.8.6 Major mitigation measures 5.8.6.1 Mitigation measures to water environmental impact
(1) Detailed geological investigation must be carried out in the landfill site before the primary design. Find out the landfill area and the regional geological conditions which might cause pollution, and make stratum treatment, anti-seepage design and construction purposely according to the detailed geological investigation result, ensure that it meet the requirement of state design code, ensure that the anti-seepage factor is less than 1.0×10-7cm/s, namely, use the compound anti-seepage system; the anti-seepage layer consists of five layers, they are: 45cm thick gravel water conducting layer (particle diameter is 32mm-64mm), 600g/m2 non-woven geotextile, 2.0mm HDPE thick geo-film (smooth surface), 6mm thick compound bentonite clay GCL cushion and 400g/m2 non-woven geotextile respectively from top to bottom. The flattened foundation layer at the bottom is under the geotextile, and vertical anti-seepage measures shall be taken along the side of Xin’an River.
(2) The landfill operation in landfill site shall be divided into zones, and it shall be covered with earth and closed zone by zone. Set temporary flood-cutting ditch for flood-cutting, flood discharge outside the field; reduce the quantity of surface water which enters into the sewage adjusting tank, and the sewage disposal quantity of the area is reduced accordingly.
(3) Strengthen the management of adjusting tank, monitor the water level of adjusting tank from time to time. The remained effective capacity of waste leachate adjusting tank must be kept in particular, for effective storage adjustment and avoiding the risky discharge of leachate in rainy season.
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(4) Strengthen the inspection and maintenance of flood-cutting ditch, it shall be treated in time whenever seepage, collapse is discovered.
(5) The personnel’s domestic sewage produced from the landfill site shall be collected together with other production sewage, and sent to the leachate disposal facilities beside Wumazhou Sewage Disposal Plant together with the disposed leachate through sewage pressure pipe; and it can be discharged when meets the standard. 5.8.6.2 Mitigation measures to atmospheric environmental impact
(1) Implement the landfill operation strictly according to sanitary landfill code, the landfill shall be divided into zones; cover up the waste on the day, and cover it with soil on the day; thus reduce the disordered discharge of odorous gas and the air pollution of surrounding environment.
(2) Strengthen the monitoring, inspection and maintenance management of landfill gas conducting pipe, Strengthen the environmental protection education to personnel, Strengthen the management on accessing people. Maintain well the normal operation of methane ignition device, prevent the abnormal discharge of methane gas, and prevent gas block and explosion caused by improper use of fire. Once the CH4 concentration is discovered abnormal, it shall be inspected and disposed immediately.
(3) Strengthen the greening around the site, use plants to absorb the odor gas and block the dust and floating debris produced from the landfill operation.
(4) In order to reduce the dust impact on surrounding environment, water shall be sprayed regularly in the days without rain and with strong wind to prevent dust.
(5) Pesticide and disinfectant shall be sprayed to the landfill area regularly, for preventing growth of flies and mosquitoes. 5.8.6.3 Mitigation measures to noise impact
(1) The transportation, landfill operation of waste sanitary landfill site shall avoid night time, for ensuring that the external noise interruption can be controlled within the standard.
(2) Avoid using the high-noise source equipment at the same time, and try to use the operation equipment with low noise;
(3) The accessing vehicles shall be maintained and repaired regularly, for controlling the impact of noise pollution.
(4) Arrange properly the waste transfer schedule of waste transfer station; try to avoid the noise impact on surrounding residents. 5.8.6.4 Mitigation measures to diseases and insect pests
(1) Keep the collection station clean, the collection station shall be washed everyday;
(2) The filled waste shall be disposed timely by soil covering when the landfill operation is completed;
(3) Keep the site flat, there shall be no water accumulation in low-lying places.
(4) Appoint special personnel, to spray liquid or disinfectant regularly within the site for mosquito and fly elimination, the liquid selection, spray time and dose shall be determined after the negotiation with sanitation and anti-epidemic department.
(5) No environmental sensitive buildings including residence can be constructed within 500m sanitary protection distance around the waste landfill.
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5.8.6.5 Mitigation measures to ecological protection
(1) The landfill shall be in layers and it shall be pressed to solid according to design requirement, recover the vegetation in time.
(2) Establish perfect monitoring system, make long period monitoring on the organism, surface water in lower reaches and underground hydrology; make phrasal assessment, and adjust the original aim and waste landfill operation timely according to the assessment result.
(3) The greening construction and management shall strengthen the self-maintenance mechanism and anti-disturbance capacity of the green area.
(4) Develop other farms in other places strictly by using the method “compensation for each occupation” according to relevant state policy, for compensating the occupation of farmland.
(5) The excavation of earth drawing field shall be strictly according to the state code, the earth drawing field shall be greened when the earth drawing is completed; flatten and press the section with bare earth; the excavated earthwork shall be transported in time, avoid soil erosion due to surface runoff in rainy days, recover the vegetation in earth drawing area.
(6) Press the landfill site with 0.3m clay, 0.5m lean soil and 0.2m fertile soil from bottom to top when it is closed; and a gradient of 3% shall be made for water discharge. Vegetation shall be recovered after the closure in the plantation mode of arbor-shrub-grass combination.
(7) All subprojects shall be set with green belt around the site according to the requirement of Technical Code for Sanitary Landfill of Municipal Domestic Refuse, the width is 10-20m. the surrounding of waste landfill shall be greened, green protection belt shall be set, which can be for both isolation and environmental beautification; and use trees as shelter to isolate from outside. 5.8.6.6 Closure of waste landfill and prevention measures to later pollution
(1) Strengthen the monitoring on waste landfill gas emission; maintain timely the gas conducting system and gas collection system.
(2) Strengthen the maintenance of waste leachate disposal facilities, Strengthen the supervision on wastewater disposal system, until the waste landfill becomes stable.
(3) Strengthen the greening. Plant trees as much as possible in any places surrounding the waste sanitary landfill, for both work environmental beautification and green barrier establishment. Aiming at the situation that there is gas emitted from the waste sanitary landfill, some tree varieties with strong resistance can be selected, such as ligustrum lucidum, paulownia, sophora japonica and Yunnan white poplar etc, for forming a barrier as soon as possible. 5.8.6.7 Other management measures
(1) Strengthen the management of waste transportation vehicles, reduce fallout along the route. The wheels of transportation vehicles shall be washed before leaving the field.
(2) Cover up the waste strictly according to the waste landfill technique, press it to solid by layers, the waste shall be pressed for many times in time, making it to a certain density, for increasing the waste landfill quantity of the site as much as possible.
(3) Strengthen the management of waste landfill, implement firmly the regulation that the poisonous industrial waste, poisonous medicine, corrosive or radioactive substance, combustible and explosive article, daily dangerous articles, and hospital waste etc shall not enter into the waste landfill.
(4) The scrap collection of external people in the waste landfill shall be forbidden.
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(5) The surrounding of landfill operation area shall be set with temporary sign posts and isolation facilities. The sewage adjusting tank shall be set with fence, and with obvious signs; the tank water is not for farmland irrigation.
(6) Establish environmental protection monitoring system, entrust the environmental protection department to make environmental sanitation background investigation and simultaneous monitoring, establish background monitoring file, and corresponding measures shall be taken immediately whenever abnormity is discovered.
(7) Limit the development of areas surrounding the waste landfill in the future regional development plan. The landfill must not be used for any construction until it becomes stable after closure.
5.9 IMPACT ANALYSIS AND MITIGATION DURING OPERATION - ROAD COMPONENT
5.9.1 General
Besides, in this environmental projects of the small cities in Qiantang River Basin, there are some related to road construction: the water supply & drainage engineering of Chengbei area, Longyou; sewage pipeline engineering of Jiangnan Town,Tonglu County; and old town infrastructure construction project of Youbu Town, Lanxi City.
5.9.2 Analysis of environmental impact
Because the related road engineering is mostly the roads in towns, the road grade is not high, the vehicle speed is generally not cover 40km/h. when the project road is completed, the automobile tail gas is the major source of environmental air pollutant; the major pollutants in the tail gas emitted by motor vehicles are CO, NOx and HC. Analyze by comparing the air and noise impact of completed section of Lanxi City Youbu Town Yongxing Road on surrounding environment. The value of ground concentration contributed by pollutants in the tail gas emitted by automobile decreases as the increase of distance. The impact of the automobile tail gas produced in this project on it is insignificant. In addition, the road engineering related to this project impacts insignificantly the sound environment of villages along the route, because the vehicle circulation in the area where the newly constructed road is located in is not so big. 5.9.3 Main mitigation measures
(1) The driving speed shall be lower than 40km/h when the vehicles pass the villages along the route;
(2) Facilities such as zebra crossing and traffic lights etc shall be set for avoiding the impact of road on the travel of residents of villages along the route.
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6. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES
6.1 COMPARISON OF WATER SUPPLY COMPONENT
This water supply project includes Zhuji water supply and distribution, Wucheng water supply and distribution.
The location selection of waterworks shall firstly accord with the general town planning and relevant special planning, and the following principles shall also be considered: The plant location shall be close to the water source or water consumption area, and the plant location shall be selected under general planning; which is beneficial to the implementation of integrated urban and rural water supply; Occupy lesser or not occupying any farmland when the land for water supply scale is basically fulfilled; The sanitary conditions around the plant location shall accord with the requirement of sanitary safety protection distance; The factors such as convenient traffic, close to power supply, good water drainage condition etc shall be thoroughly considered for the plant location selection; The plant location shall be with good geological condition, not threatened by flood and geological hazard;
The potential energy of water source shall be thoroughly utilized in consideration of plant location selection, try to achieve automatic water supply by gravity, which is beneficial to energy saving and consumption reduction.
Table 6.1-1 presents the comparison and analysis of water supply project plant location proposals.
Table 6.1-1 Comparison of alternative locations for water supply project plant Proposal comparison Subproject General description Advantages Disadvantages
The current situation of plant location is Big difference in topography, expensive for land Under the Qingshan slope (farmland, hill pond), no relocation leveling in plant area; Big difference in current land Reservoir dam, in the involved in the plant area; The plant property, there are hills, slopes and hill pond etc, col at north of the location is close to existing water intake also big difference in foundation bearing capacity, village (Proposal I) port, the original water pipe is short; The high investment for foundation treatment; Some plant location is beside the village under residential houses between the plant accessing road the reservoir, with easy management. and existing road at south need relocation.
Zhuji water supply and distribution The current situation of plant location is slope (farmland, hill pond), no relocation Under the Qingshan involved in the plant area; No relocation Reservoir dam, in the between site accessing road and road in Hard for laying of intake water pipe, residential col at north of the south side; easy for laying of water pipe, houses relocation or certain slope earthwork village (Proposal II) about 250m closer to the main water pipe leveling might be needed. Recommended than Proposal I; The plant location is proposal under the reservoir and beside the village, with easy management.
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Proposal comparison Subproject General description Advantages Disadvantages Close to the water source, original water pipe is short, only 500m; With convenient traffic; Close to power supply, need no In the office block of transformers or high voltage distribution previous reservoir equipment, investment saving; Living management at north The land area of plant zone is small, only 9,600m2, facilities such as canteen etc are side, east to the not ideal for architecture distribution; Large unnecessary, the old plant building can be Xinfan Reservoir dam excavation and backfill earthwork, the topographic used as mechanical repair workshop, (proposal I) condition is complicated, hard for architecture investment saving; The plant location is in Recommended foundation treatment. the area of reservoir, no land acquisition proposal needed; The surrounding environment of
plant location is with nice sanitary conditions, meeting with the demand of Wucheng sanitary protection distance. water The plant location is 3.1km away to water source in supply and south, about 15km away to Tangxi Town in north, distribution the operation management of waterworks is relatively inconvenient; Living facilities such as canteen etc are necessary, new mechanical repair In the hillside block at The land area is 2,100m2 more than the workshop shall be built, Transformers and high southwest side of Proposal I, the topography is relatively voltage distribution equipment must be set; Xinfan County Central regular, beneficial to distribution of The net area of plant location is about 156m×75m, Primary School architecture; Close to power supply; With (proposal II) convenient traffic; hard for land acquisition, the cost for land acquisition is about 2.63 million Yuan; The road outside the plant extends for about 300m, needs to across the Xinfan Creek, bridge is necessary, the engineering investment is big, and a little farmland will be occupied; More excavation and backfill earthwork, poor topographic condition. 6.2 COMPARISON OF WWTP COMPONENT 6.2.1 Comparison of sites and outfalls of WWTP 6.2.1.1 Comparison of locations of WWTP
In accordance with the Code for Design of Outdoor Sewerage Engineering (GB50014-2006), the site selection of sewage disposal plant shall meet the requirement of urban general planning and planning of water drainage engineering specialty, and be determined according to the follow factors: In the lower reaches of the cities’ water; Easy for output water recycle after disposal and safe discharge; Easy for centralized sludge disposal and treatment; In the downwind side of dominant summer wind of the cities; With nice engineering topographic condition; Less relocation, less land occupation, with certain sanitary protection distance according to the requirement of environmental assessment; Available for expansion; The plant area’s topography shall not be impacted by floods, the flood prevention standard shall not below the cities’ flood prevention standard, with nice water drainage condition; With convenient traffic, transportation and water & power supply conditions.
See Table 6.2-1 for details of plant location comparison of Qujiang Wastewater Collection and Treatment , Pan’an Jianshan Town Wastewater Collection and Treatment.
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Table 6.2-1: Comparison of alternative sites for water supply project plant Proposal comparison Subproject General description Advantages Disadvantages Such plant location is close to the sewage collection pipeline port; The topography is waste hill and sandy beach, without architecture, without Plant location I: located in north side of relocation; Such block is the construction land of short-term planning of national highway No.320, west side of Logistics Park, easy for land acquisition; The block is close to national highway The plant location is far away from Qujiang River Shangshan Creek (Recommended No.320, with convenient traffic, access road to the plant is short; The south side proposal) of the block is the old national highway No.320 and Zhejiang-Jiangxi Railway, far away to buildings, the noise, odor impact on surrounding environment is insignificant. Plant location II: located in the The plant location is near the Qujiang River; The topography is waste hill and The plant location is far away from the sewage collection pipeline port; far southwest side of intersection of Qujiang Wastewater beach, without architecture, without relocation; The block is within the planned away from national highway No.320, access road to the plant is long, cost Qujiang River and Shangshan Creek, Collection and land of Logistics Park, but it is contradictory to harbor land because the block is for access road construction is relatively high; The west side of the block is north side of plant location I, close to Treatment beside the river, hard for land acquisition. the Logistics Park, significant noise and odor impact on it. Qujiang River Far away from the sewage collection pipeline port; The block is the construction land of long-term planning of the Logistics Park, and out of the Plant location III: located in the general urban planning range, for example, the sewage disposal plant is to southwest side of intersection of be constructed soon, and the land range of the sewage disposal plant is not Qujiang River and Shangshan Creek, The plant location is near the Qujiang River; Close to national highway No.320, confirmed as urban construction land yet; there are agricultural houses in north side of old national highway with convenient traffic, access road to the plant is short. and surrounding the block, quite harder for land acquisition; Such block is No.320, northeast side of plant location with sporadic villages, with certain relocation volume; There is a large village I, east side of plant location II in the west side of the block, if a sewage disposal plant is built in the block, the noise and odor impact on the village in west side is significant. The location of Jianshan Sewage Disposal Plant is next to the Xiajia Creek, easy for the nearby sewage discharge after disposal; The current situation of Plant location I: Xiaxiangkeng, Jianshan land of Jianshan Sewage Disposal Plant is farmland, hilly land, generally Town (block at southeast of South without relocation, with a certain sanitary protection distance to the surrounding Most sewage cannot drain in naturally, 3 lifting pump stations shall be built, Huancheng Road) residential area; The location of Sewage Disposal Plant is set in the downwind with farmland occupation. Pan’an Jianshan Town (Recommended proposal) of dominant wind of living and residential area, with insignificant impact on Wastewater Collection surrounding environment; With nice traffic condition, easy for external and Treatment transportation of sludge. The tail water discharge pipeline is too close to Wuzhangyan Reservoir, it The elevation is low, most sewage can drain in naturally, 1 lifting pump station Plant location II: Xiangtou Village, will pollute the water source of Wuzhangyan then, not good to the lesser than the plant location Proposal I; With nice traffic condition, easy for Jianshan Town construction of Wuzhangyan Waterworks; The pipeline of sewage tail water external transportation of sludge. discharge to the receiving water—Xiakeng is too long.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 112 6. Analysis of Alternatives
6.2.1.2 Comparison of outfalls of WWTP
See Table 6.2-2 for outfall location comparison of Quzhou Chengdong Sewage Disposal Plant and Pan’an County Jianshan Sewage Disposal Plant.
Table 6.2-2: Comparison of outfall of WWTP Proposal comparison Subproject General description Advantages Disadvantages Take the mode of river center The mixing process section is about underwater discharge. No obvious disadvantage 200m, with insignificant impact Qujiang (recommended proposal) Wastewater The mixing section at outfall is as long as Collection 4,384m, with relatively significant impact and Take the mode of bank discharge. The mixing process section is as on the landscape, environmental quality Treatment long as 4.4km, the impact is of the receiving water; relatively significant. The water function zoning of the region will also be significantly impacted. The tail water to be discharged into Sanquli small power plant reservoir, Pan’an The outfall is set at Sanquli small then flow into the Xiajia Creek (the power plant reservoir near the Xiajia Creek is not included in the Jianshan No obvious disadvantage Town Laoshu Bridge. (recommended Xjiaxi provincial scenic area, with Wastewater proposal) insignificant impact on the Shibawo Collection scenic area), avoid direct tail water and discharge into Jiaxi Creek. Treatment A certain area of pollution zone in the The major water system of Jianshan The outfall is set at Jiaxi Creek lower reaches might be caused if the Town is Jiaxi Creek outfall is set at Jiaxi Creek .
6.2.2 Alternative Wastewater Treatment 6.2.2.1 Treated Effluent Requirement
This project is for helping the small cities in Qiantang River Basin to improve the urban environmental infrastructure, prevent the water quality of Qiantang River Basin from deteriorating, and make the water quality of Qiantang River reach the standard of Class II to III. Where, the tail water discharge of Jiande Wastewater Collection and Treatment, Qujiang Wastewater Collection and Treatment, Pan’an Jianshan Town Wastewater Collection and Treatment shall implement the standard Grade I(A) in “Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant” (GB18918-2002); the tail water discharge of Youbu Town(NewDistrict) Wastewater Collection and Treatment shall implement the standard Grade I(B) in “Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant” (GB18918-2002). 6.2.2.2 Principle for Design Treatment Process
The principles adopted in the selection of the most suitable wastewater treatment process are that the system must be: Able to produce a treated wastewater that complies with the required wastewater discharge standards; Designed on the basis of design parameters that appropriate in respect of local conditions (especially the harsh winter climate), and wastewater composition and treatability; Proven in operation at or close to the scale proposed; Capable of being provided by a sufficient number of suppliers so as to support effective competitive bidding; Representative of the least cost option taking into account capital, operating and land costs.
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In addition, the disposal of residuals (sludge) generated in the process must be: Environmentally acceptable; Suitable in terms of resource requirements (e.g. That there is sufficient landfill capacity to accept the sludge or that there are demonstrated secure market for sludge or compost for which sales are proposed); Least cost solution to be consistent with environmental and sustainability requirements. 6.2.2.3 Comparison of technical process
Table 6.2-3 presents the list of sewage disposal project disposal process comparison.
Table 6.2-3 : Comparison of technical process
Proposal comparison Subproject Basic description Advantages Disadvantages Stable, meets the requirements of water output, the process is mature, The lifespan of aeration device is short, with certain operation experience; The degradation and sedimentation of with high repair and maintenance organism is in a same tank, separate sedimentation tank and its mad- volume; scraping system is unnecessary; Nice effect on nitrogen and phosphors High automation level, high reliability MSBR elimination; Adjust the time control, it can resist strong impact load; With demand on equipment such as electrical (recommended nice sludge sedimentation, the SVI value can be lower than 80; The valves, control management is quite proposal) sludge is with certain stability, anaerobic digestion disposal of sludge is complicated; Programming workload of unnecessary; Use blowing aeration, liftable micro-hole aeration system is automatic control system is big, total set, the aeration devices are evenly distributed, with high power equipment cost is high; Loss of total efficiency, low energy consumption; Low power consumption, low water head needed by hydraulic operation cost; Less land area. elevation is big. Stable, meets the requirements of water output, the process is mature, with certain operation experience; The DO value in 3 ditches of the Complete the organism degradation in oxidation ditch system varies as 0-1-2, nice elimination effect on the oxidation ditch, make soil and water nitrogen, with certain elimination effect on phosphors; With the special separation in the sedimentation tank, Youbu circulative flow and longer solid stay time of oxidation ditch, can resist the separate sedimentation tank and mad- Town(NewDistrict) Orbal Oxidation impact load; With nice sludge sedimentation, the SVI value can be lower scarping system shall be set; The WastewaterCollection Ditch than 120; The sludge is with certain stability, anaerobic digestion aeration equipment is with high energy andTreatment disposal of sludge is unnecessary; Lesser aeration equipment, easy consumption; power consumption is management, smaller repair and maintenance volume; Lesser and high, the operation cost is big; The land durable equipment, easy control management; Programming workload of area of oxidation ditch process is large. automatic control system is small, total cost of equipment is low; Loss of total water head needed by hydraulic elevation is small. Complete the organism degradation in Stable, meets the requirements of water output, the process is mature, the A2/O tank, make soil and water with rich operation experience; Nice effect on nitrogen and phosphors separation in the sedimentation tank, elimination; With certain capacity for resisting impact load; With nice separate sedimentation tank and its sludge sedimentation property, the SVI value can be lower than 120; mad-scarping system shall be set; Use blowing aeration, liftable micro-hole aeration system is set, the A2/O Sludge with poor stability; Much aeration devices are evenly distributed, with high power efficiency, low equipment, long process flow, energy consumption; the lifespan of liftable micro-hole aeration device is complicated operation long, with lower repair and maintenance volume; Programming workload management.With high power of automatic control system is small, total cost of equipment is low; consumption, the operation cost is big; Loss of total water head needed by hydraulic elevation is small. The land area is large. Less architecture, and compact distribution; Ideal plug-flow is realized, High operation control demand; Big with high total disposal efficiency; Static sedimentation, with high output variety and quantity of equipment; New SBR water quality guarantee; Mixture is with nice evenness; High resistance Complicated management, high demand (recommended to impact load; Nice effect on nitrogen and phosphors elimination; on operators; With certain equipment proposal) Qujiang Wastewate Recycle the concentrated sludge, energy saving, improve the capacity idle ratio, for the SBR tanks at both Collection and utilization ratio; Lesser sludge, and already aerobic stable. sides operate alternatively. Treatment The circulation flow of mixture in the High resistance to impact load; Much architecture, but the architecture tank is big, high power consumption 2-channel structure is simple; Easy operation management, less sludge quantity, upon operation; Big civil workload, large Oxidation Ditch and already aerobic stable. land occupation; Fair phosphors elimination effect. The built engineering of Chengdong Sewage Disposal Plant uses the Oxidation Ditch process; The Oxidation Ditch process needs no facilities Jiande Wastewater Oxidation Ditch of mixture recycle, primary sedimentation tank is also unnecessary, thus The land area of Oxidation Ditch Collection and (recommended save the land and investment; process is large. Treatment proposal) Easy operation management, nice disposal effect, high resistance to impact load;
A2/O Can achieve high phosphors and nitrogen elimination ratio; Number of architecture is relatively big; Long process flow, complicated operation management.Large land Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 114 6. Analysis of Alternatives
Proposal comparison Subproject Basic description Advantages Disadvantages occupation. Generally the SBR Process is without primary sedimentation tank, SBR neither the sludge recycle facilities, all disposal is completed in one tank, High equipment investment therefore, the land and investment can be saved Vertical impeller With strong resistance to impact load; Lesser architecture and aeration equipment; circulation The automation level is medium, the operation management is quite The land area of Oxidation Ditch Pan’an Jianshan Oxidation Ditch easy, lower technical requirement on operators; There is successful process is large. Town Wastewater (recommended practical experience and management technology in oxidation ditch Collection proposal) operation in the region. and Treatment Quantity of architecture and equipment A/A/O process Higher oxygen utilization rate, relatively lower energy consumption. is comparatively big, high demand on operation management.
The performance of MSBR process proposal in aspects of sludge sedimentation property, efficiency of P removal disposal, management flexibility etc is better than Orbal Oxidation Ditch, A2/O, but the MSBR is also with the disadvantages such as large quantity of and complicated equipment, big maintenance load, high reliability demand and high demand on management operation level etc; but the total investment, operation cost and land area of MSBR process proposal are lower than the Orbal Oxidation Ditch and A2/O process proposal; comparing in the aspects of technique, economy and reliability, land area of the system, civil workload, energy saving and lower operation cost etc, the MSBR process is quite superior. Therefore,Youbu Town(NewDistrict) Wastewater Collection andTreatment selects the MSBR process proposal.
The new SBR process has all the advantages of A2/O and SBR processes, so that, the quality of output water is nice and stable, with high efficiency, energy saving; the capacity for resisting impact load is high, with nice effect on nitrogen and phosphors elimination; the sludge quantity is less, and already aerobic stable; meanwhile, the improved SBR process is with great purification potential; along with the development and maturity of automatic control technology, the improvement of automatic control equipment quality, the program control during the operation procedure will be easier for control and operation. The total investment of new SBR process engineering is low; the annual power expense is low; the sludge is already aerobic stable, need no digestion; the land area is small. In summarizing the above technical and economic quantitative and qualitative analysis, it is considered that the new SBR process is with advanced technology, low investment, low operation cost. Therefore, Qujiang Wastewate Collection and Treatment takes the new SBR process.
Considering that the built project of Chengdong Sewage Disposal Plant uses the Oxidation Ditch process, and the scale of sewage disposal plant is relatively large, and comparing the processes such as Oxidation Ditch, the disadvantage of big investment on SBR equipment will make the total investment of the engineering higher than other processes; compared to A2O process, the Oxidation Ditch process has the advantages such as less architecture, easy operation management, nice disposal effect and strong impact load resistance etc. Therefore, Jiande Wastewater Collection and Treatment will still use the Oxidation Ditch process.
According to the design experience of sewage disposal plants both home and abroad, it is quite advantageous for small-scale sewage disposal plants to use the Oxidation Ditch process (mechanical aeration), it is with lesser equipment, easier and simpler operation management; moreover, there is already successful practical operation experience and management technology in Pan’an County, so, according to the disposal scale, intake water quality, land situation etc of Pan’an Jianshan Town Wastewater Collection and Treatment, the Oxidation Ditch process is recommended to the sewage disposal process of this project.
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6.2.3 Alternative of Tonglu subproject
The compared proposals of Tonglu sewage subproject mainly include the two: newly built sewage disposal plant and newly built sewage pipeline; this environmental assessment makes proposal comparison in the aspects of environmental impact, actual situation of the area where the engineering is located in etc, and a proposal is finally recommended. See Table 6.2-4 for details of the proposal comparison.
Table 6.2-4: Comparison of Tonglu sewage subproject
Proposal comparison Subproject Proposal Advantages Disadvantages Newly land acquisition, about 30mu (20,000m2); The pollutant-receiving water is Fuchun River, which is a protected area of drinking water source, Build 5,000m3/d sewage disposal plant no new sewage outfalls are allowed, there is Proposal I: newly built first, the scale for the 1st phase is 10,000 environmental restriction factor; The sewage 5,000m3/d sewage m3/d, its disposal scale shall meet the disposal plant will cause certain environmental risk disposal plant engineering demand of future planning of Jiangnan on Fuchun River during operation period; it will Town; Tonglu cause certain odor impact on surrounding air Jiangnan environment. The sludge treatment will easily Town cause secondary pollution; About 100m air environmental protection distance shall be set. Wastewater Collection Only need to acquire the land necessary for the pump station, about 2.268mu The Jiangnan Town block is not included in the Proposal II: newly built (1,512m2); Except for the insignificant service range of Tonglu County Sewage Disposal supporting sewage impact of sewage pump station on Plant; In the future, new sewage disposal plant pipeline engineering (2 surrounding environment, there are no might be demanded because the disposal sewage pump stations, environmental impact factors during the capacity of Tonglu County Sewage Disposal Plant 17.1km sewage pipeline)\ operation period of sewage disposal cannot meet the demand. plant; There are no environmental restriction factors.
Learned from Table 6.3-4, the proposal comparison, the Proposal I is with great environmental restriction factors because its pollutant-receiving water is the protected area of drinking water source, and there are also unfavorable factors such as land acquisition, water environmental risk etc; so that, the Proposal II is better, and it is recommended by analyzing the environmental impact.
6.3 ALTERNATIVES FOR SLUDGE DISPOSAL
6.3.1 Comparisons between sludge disposal techniques
In sewage disposal engineering, large quantity of sludge will be produced, it may cause secondary environmental pollution if it is not disposed and treated effectively. The sludge must be disposed before final treatment, for the purpose of reducing the organism content and reducing the water content, thus reduce the volume of final treatment, for the sake of transportation and treatment. The major flow of typical sewage disposal includes sludge concentration, sludge digestion, sludge dehydration and sludge treatment. 6.3.1.1 Comparison of sludge concentration technologies
Sludge concentration may primarily reduce the volume of sludge, make it smaller by times, thus provide facility to later disposal or treatment. The major sludge concentration technologies include gravity concentration, air floatation concentration and centrifugal concentration.
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Table 6.3-1: Comparison between different sludge thickening methods
Alternative Advantage Disadvantage description
Having advanced equipment in China. Inorganic flocculants Vacuum filter Low efficiency, large and equipment. may be used.
Higher solid content in mud cakes and higher solid return Belt pressure filter rate; lower price than centrifugal dehydrator; now Requiring large amount of flushing water. Recommended domestically produced, damageable parts of imported equipment can be processed domestically.
Incapable of continuous operation, with complicated Plate-and-frame Higher solid content in mud cakes and higher solid return structures, requiring large land area, complicated operations, filter press rate. Inorganic flocculants may be used. requiring higher-level techniques for operators.
Wide range of application; solid content of mud cakes may Domestically manufactured such equipment still to be Centrifugal reach 25~30%; higher solid return rate; large disposal improved, while imports from overseas more expensive; more dehydrator capability; enclosed system, using less land area, having little power consumption, requiring higher operation costs. damage to surrounding environment.
6.3.1.2 Comparison of sludge dehydration technologies
The water in sludge is mostly separated after concentration, its water content is generally 96%-99.6%, with the loose structure of flowing particles or flocculated substance, and its volume is still big, hard to dispose; therefore, sludge dehydration is necessary in sludge disposal and treatment. Sludge dehydration mainly refers to separating the adsorbed water and capillary water from the sludge, its volume will be reduced to 1/10 of the volume before concentration, and 1/5 of the volume before dehydration, which makes it greatly easier to treat the sludge afterwards.
At present, most of the sewage disposal plants with the similar scale in China use mechanical dehydration; the dehydration machinery includes vacuum dehydrator, frame and box pressure dehydrator, belt pressure dehydrator, centrifugal dehydrator, Screw Press dehydrator and granulator etc. among which, the frame and box pressure dehydrator, belt pressure dehydrator, centrifugal dehydrator and granulator are with certain operation experience in the sludge disposal of domestic waterworks.
Table 6.3-2 : Comparison of various sludge dehydrators Technology comparison Basic description Advantages Disadvantages
The sludge mess is with high solid content, up to 30-35%; Cannot operate continuously, much subsidiary equipment; Frame and box inorganic flocculent can be applied; with low noise; Complicated structure, large land occupation; pressure dehydrator combined concentration and dehydration can be realized. High investment for application of full-automatic type.
The sludge mess is with high solid content, up to 20-25%; Only polymeric flocculent can be used for dosing; Belt pressure inorganic flocculent can be applied; The belt pressure dehydrator is open, with poor sanitation; dehydrator Combined concentration and dehydration can be realized; Large quantity of water for washing, high demanding on With low noise; with low investment. management The sludge mess is with high solid content, up to 20-25%; The imported equipment is expensive; Centrifugal Small land occupation, sealed system; with nice sanitary High noise; dehydrator condition; High power consumption; Easy installation and operation. The sludge mess is with high solid content, up to 25-30%; Compact structure, Small land occupation; Screw press No abrasion, with long lifespan; A product of joint venture, expensive; dehydrator Totally closed, without leakage, nice sanitary condition; Concentration and dehydration cannot be combined. Low rotation speed, no vibration, low noise; Low power consumption.
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Both the centrifugal dehydrator and belt pressure dehydrator can reach the sludge mess solid content of 20-25%; among which, the centrifugal dehydrator has the characters such as clean operation environment, low workload, low dose volume, small land occupation, low cost and mature equipment available in China; therefore, the sludge dehydration disposal of this sewage disposal project will mostly use the centrifugal dehydrator, except for Pan’an Jianshan Town Wastewater Collection and Treatment which uses the belt pressure dehydrator.
6.3.2 Comparison for sludge disposal process
One challenge facing WWTPs is how to dispose of the sludge in an environmentally acceptable and financially sustainable manner. Different options can be considered based on the sludge quantity and quality, existing solid waste management system and natural condition. he sludge treatment modes popular both home and abroad are mainly as follows, see Table 6.3-3 for details.
Table 6.3-3: Comparison of sludge disposal technologies
Technology comparison Process Advantages Disadvantages With an application history of over 40 years; Widely Uses the land, waste land resource. Treatment time too long; Secondary Landfill used in European countries and China; With low environmental pollution might be caused upon improper treatment; The operation cost, rich management experience. proportion of sludge treatment by using landfill is decreasing. The necessary infrastructure investment and operation cost is high; Large quantity of poisonous and harmful substances (such as dioxin etc) will be The remainder produced by incineration is the produced during sludge incineration, hard to be effectively controlled, may least; Destroys all organism in the sludge, kills the Incineration cause air pollution; There is large content of industrial wastewater in Chinese pathogens; No odor emitted from incineration; municipal sewage, the content of organism in remained sludge is low, so the Small land occupation. heat value of burning is not high, the economic benefit of incineration treatment is poor. Save the land source, utilizes the sludge efficiently; In Europe, 30% of the sludge is utilized efficiently in The poisonous and harmful substances which are hard to be degradated, such Biological this method; The application history in USA as long as pathogens, pests, heavy metal and radioactive elements might enter into the compost as 65 years proves its technological and food chain; Because the quality of compost is poor, and the market is poor, the environmental feasibility; this technology is also operation of most compost plants is hard. applied in China. The investment for supporting equipment such as Anaerobic digestion tank, biogas recycle and storage is high; Although the Anaerobic digestion makes the Most active sludge was treated by Anaerobic Anaerobic sludge stable by biochemical reactions of various Anaerobic bacteria, the total digestion before 1980s; Kills the microorganism digestion volume is reduced by 25%, but it shall be eventually covered up. The system pathogen and produce some usable biogas. operation is complicated, with high demand on operation management; the operation cost is high, with much hidden danger. Direct drying The temperature is over 100℃, kills all pathogens. Wastes the energy, makes the treatment cost high. Comprehensive Usually used as additive for brick making, cement The quantity added is limited, so it is hard to be promoted. utilization making etc.
The biological compost is not popular in China due to the problems of quality and market. The equipment and operation cost of anaerobic digestion and direct drying is high, so they are not economically feasible. The comprehensive utilization is for the building material of brick making, cement making as well as popping material, but most of the building material enterprises refuse to accept the sludge due to worrying about its impact on quality of the building material. At present, such treatment method is hard to be promoted; there is rare successful large-scale application. At present, the most popular one is landfill.
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6.3.3 Alternative Sludge disposal
According to the feasibility research report and environmental assessment report of each sewage disposal project, the actual situation of each project, as well as the current solid waste management system of each project city, every sewage disposal subproject determines the proposal of sludge treatment.
(1) Youbu Town(NewDistrict) WastewaterCollection andTreatment
The sludge of this project will generally with a water content of 75% after concentration, centrifugal dehydration, and its water content can be 60% if it is added with lime for solidification. The 1st phase engineering of project design plans to use the sanitary landfill treatment mode, deliver to the Lanxi municipal domestic waste sanitary landfill.
(2) Jiande Wastewater Collection and Treatment
According to the water quality of sludge and actual situation of Jiande City, and according to the Plan for Zhejiang Provincial Sludge Treatment as well as the sludge treatment ideas of relevant departments of Jiande City, Jiande City will construct a county level sludge treatment center in another place near the Chengdong Sewage Disposal Plant; the primarily determined sludge treatment proposal is that the sludge will be delivered to the waste landfill for sanitary landfill after semi-drying.
(3) Qujiang Wastewate Collection and Treatment
In combination with the sludge treatment development trend both home and abroad, and the actual situation of Quzhou City, this project suggests two treatment proposals; please see Table 6.4-4 for details.
Judging from the nature of the industries at the project cities/counties and the monitored industrial wastewater characteristics, it is unlikely that the sludge from the wastewater treatment will contain high levels of heavy metals or other hazardous and non biodegradable substances. There is a very weak chance it happens, nevertheless, it cannot be claimed accidents, in case of industries meet major problem for example, will never occur. Few cities, according to their huge industrial activity are more likely to encounter pollution problems (mostly Xiangfan and Hanchuan, with 7 million and 2.5 million m3 wastewater discharged per year, based on the top industrial producer in terms of heavy metals) Based on this consideration, the sludge is now planned to be disposed of in the county’s municipal solid waste landfill after dewatering. Yunmeng solid waste landfill is located north of the city about 15 km to the proposed wastewater treatment site. The additional sludge will not have significant impact to the landfill daily operation and lifespan.
Table 6.3-4 : Comparison of two sludge treatment proposals Sludge treatment Technology comparison Basic description proposal Advantages Disadvantages If the dust elimination of flue is improper, the The treatment is comparatively thorough, the incinerated flue will cause certain pollution; High Mostly incinerated, the sludge technology is advanced and reliable; Low demand on operation management level; Project Direct incineration + only remains ash and explosion-proof demand, with safe operation; investment and operation cost are high; ash, slag utilization discharged flue gas after The heat of sludge can be totally used; nice The project investment can be reasonable when incineration operation adaptability; Sanitary landfill capacity the sludge is with a certain quantity; if the scale is is unnecessary small, the unit investment of the project is too high. Most of the sludge is dried, The technology is advanced and reliable; easy the dried sludge can be operation, safe running; Without secondary Drying + sanitary sanitarily covered up, used by pollution; Fair demand on management level; The sanitary landfill needs certain capacity. landfill land or comprehensively The project investment and operation cost are utilized for brick making low.
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Although the proposal of direct incineration + ash, slag utilization can thoroughly treat the sludge, but the investment is too big, and the operation cost is too high; because the scale of Chengdong Sewage Disposal Plant project is small, it is not good to treat the sludge by incineration. The proposal of drying + sanitary landfill accords with the current situation of Quzhou, the investment of such treatment proposal is economic, with low operation cost; it begins from the harmlessness, quantity reduction and resource making of sludge, to the goal of sludge treatment. Therefore, the project treatment will adopt the proposal of drying + sanitary landfill
(4) Pan’an Jianshan Town Wastewater Collection and Treatment
According to the actual situation of Pan’an County and this project, the sludge treatment of this project adopts the method that delivers the sludge after dehydration to the terrace waste landfill in northeast Pan’an County for treatment; makes it harmless, reduces the volume, for the eventual purpose of sludge treatment.
6.4 ALTERNATIVES FOR THE SOLID WASTE COMPONENT
6.4.1 Comparison of methods for municipal solid waste disposal SANITARY LANDFILL
Because neither incineration nor compost can avoid the production of certain quantity of final products, however, the disposal quantity of landfill mode is large, and it is easy to operate, truly an inevitable final treatment method of waste disposal, and also the most popular waste disposal method in China.
According to the difference of waste landfill pollution control measures, the waste landfill is classified as the two: simple landfill and sanitary landfill. The simple landfill will cause significant environmental impact due to lack of necessary pollution control measures, so it is gradually eliminated; however, the sanitary landfill can avoid effectively the secondary pollution caused by simple landfill because it takes the measures such as bottom and side anti-seepage, waste gas collection and disposal, leachate collection and disposal as well as waste surface pressing etc, therefore it becomes the major mode of waste landfill.. INCINERATION
The waste incineration refers to sending the waste as solid fuel into the waste incinerator, in the condition of high temperature, the combustible composition in the waste makes radical chemical reaction with the oxygen in air, emits heat, and it transforms to flue at high temperature and stable solid slag with small quantity. At present, the incineration technology is widely applied in some countries with developed economy..
After incineration, the bacteria, virus in the waste are thoroughly eliminated; the air with odor which is caused by waste pollution can be decomposed at high temperature in the incinerator. Therefore, the quantity reduction and harmlessness of waste can be achieved fastest and thoroughly if it is disposed by waste incineration process.
During the incineration, the heat generated by waste combustion can be recycled for utilization, the residue with stable property can be buried directly, but the ash contained in the flue shall be disposed separately as hazardous waste because of the adsorbed heavy metal and dioxin.. COMPOSTING
Waste compost refers to a kind of disposal process that makes the biodegradable organism in the waste transform controllably to stable humus by microorganism. According to the difference of oxygen supply in the compost, it can be generally classified into two: the high temperature aerobic compost and anaerobic compost. At present, the most popular one is aerobic compost technology.
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The high temperature aerobic compost is that, based on controlling the water content, temperature, ventilation quantity and other process conditions of waste, make the fermentation procedure at 50-75 ℃ , so most of the degradable organism is transformed to humus with nice stability by bio- decomposition, and the contained metal and other impurities will be eliminated by crushing, screening and magnetic selection etc, then the crude fertilizer product is produced. Generally, the crude fertilizer product is with poor fertilizer effect, so the economic benefit is low. The crude fertilizer product produced by high temperature compost can be made to particle high effective organic compound fertilizer through the treatments such as gravel elimination, drying and crushing etc, and being added with certain quantity of elements including N, P, K etc for mixture granulation. Such organic compound fertilizer not only remedies the fertilizer effect insufficiency of crude fertilizer product but also avoid the land fertilizer effect decrease due to long time use of inorganic chemical fertilizer; it is a new kind and effective high quality fertilizer.
The waste compost technology may make the domestic waste to harmlessness, quantity reduction and resource utilization; but, the heavy metal content in the waste must be controlled strictly for preventing secondary pollution.
Table 6.4-1 Compares and analyzes briefly the three fundamental disposal methods including sanitary landfill, incineration and compost.
Table 6.4-1 :List of comparison of major domestic waste disposal methods Method Advantage Disadvantage 1.The disposal quantity is big, with low cost; 1. Appropriate topographical, geological and hydrological conditions 2. Easy operation; are necessary; Sanitary landfill 3. Makes final treatment on the waste; 2. The operation period is restricted by natural conditions; 4. The produced biogas can be recycled; 3. Limited volume reduction on waste, with large land occupation. 5.No demand on waste composition. 1. High investment and operation cost; 1. Can make maximum volume reduction on waste; 2. The equipment is complicated, and the heat value of waste is 2. The produced heat can be recycled; demanded; Incineration 3. Can operate for long time; 3. Complicated operation flow, the dioxin production shall be strictly 4. With small land occupation. controlled; 4. The about 10% final product shall be covered up. 1. The operation period is not impacted by natural 1. The decomposable composition of waste must be over 40%; conditions; 2. High compost cost; Compost 2. High harmlessness and resource utilization; 3. The compost product is influenced by market; 3. Beneficial to environmental protection 4. The about 20-25% final product shall be covered up. 4. With low investment
The following conclusion can be made by comprehensively comparing the three disposal processes, namely sanitary landfill, incineration and compost:
(1) As the final treatment mode of domestic waste, the sanitary landfill technology is a guarantee method necessary to every region; meanwhile, because the investment and operation costs of waste sanitary landfill are both low, in the regions with the site resource and natural conditions for sanitary landfill, the waste sanitary landfill can be taken as a fundamental proposal of domestic waste disposal.
(2) The waste incineration can achieve most efficiently the quantity reduction of waste, but the investment and operation cost is relatively high. In the regions with developed economy, limited land resource and the heat value of waste meets the standard, the incineration disposal technology can be developed as top priority when the dioxin emission is controlled effectively.
(3) The high temperature aerobic compost of waste can make the resource utilization on waste, and the investment and operation cost is between that of the landfill and incineration disposals. But at present, in China, the acceptance of waste compost products is still low. Therefore, the application of waste compost disposal is relatively rare. In the regions with nice classified domestic waste collection, better market for compost products, the waste compost disposal can be developed as top priority, but the poisonous and harmful substances in the waste such as heavy metal must be controlled strictly.
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The waste disposal methods are compared and analyzed according to the actual local situation of Jiande City; see Table 6.4-2 for details. This project, namely Jiande Meicheng Solid Waste Management plans to adopt the sanitary landfill waste disposal process.
Table 6.4-1 : List of comparison on Jiande Meicheng Solid Waste Management t method Method Advantage Disadvantage Jiande is located in the hilly region in west of Zhejiang Province, it is with nice natural conditions and actual base for waste landfill. Occupies a larger land area; Sanitary landfill For the city in mountain area, as long as the site is selected 500m of air environmental protection distance shall be set; properly for waste landfill, the waste landfill can still be There is certain odour impact and waste leachate disposal. resumed to green or forest area when it is full and closed, the impact on original land is insignificant. The heat value of domestic waste fluctuates greatly; combustion support might be needed in operation. Can meet the “3R” demand of domestic waste disposal; Possible dioxin pollution, and there is environmental risk; Incineration With small land area, can supply heat source. The final ash after incineration shall be covered up. New sanitary landfill is still needed in Meicheng Town for proper disposal of ash. At present, no market in Jiande City for compost products, there is Compost Can realize the comprehensive utilization demand on waste; market risk; The final waste of compost has to be covered up in newly built waste landfill.
6.4.2 Comparison of landfill sites
According to the regulations of Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site for Domestic Waste (GB16889-2008) and Technical Code for Sanitary Landfill of Domestic Refuse (CJJ17-2004), the selection of domestic waste landfill site shall meet the following environmental protection requirement:
(1) The domestic waste landfill site selection shall accord with the local general urban and rural planning, and meet the demand of local air pollution prevention and control, water resource protection and nature protection;
(2) The domestic waste landfill shall be set in the downwind of local dominant wind in summer, and at least 500m away from the human and animal settlement;
(3) The domestic waste landfill must not be built in the following areas:
The nature reserve, scenic area, drinking water source area specified by the State Council and relevant department of the State council, the people’s government of provinces, autonomous regions and municipality city, as well as other areas need special protection; Dense residential areas; The areas directly connected to navigation channels; Active collapsed area, fault zone, mineral deposited zone, lime pit and dissolution rock cavity area; Centralized groundwater water supply source and recharge area; Flood plain and floodway; The areas in which the boundary of landfill and sewage disposal area is within 50m away from any river or lake; Military point, base; military industrial base and national security area.
According to above requirements, technological and environmental comparison is made for the site of Jiande City Meicheng Town Waste Landfill; please see Table 6.4-3 and Table 6.4-4 respectively for the result.
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Table 6.4-2: comparison of landfill site
Proposal I Proposal II Project Qingshan site Qiujiawu site
Total land area 20hm2 26.4hm2 Total landfill capacity 2 million m3 4.27 million m3
1st phase landfill capacity 210,000m3 510,000m3
Available period for landfill in 1st phase 3 years 4-5 years Distance between the site and Xin’an River 50m ＞1500m Surrounding residential areas within range Qingshan Qiujiawu, Wangshengtang, Fujia, Mache etc of 500m Its impact on surrounding environment No environmental sensitive points at No environmental sensitive points at downwind of dominant upon dominant wind downwind of dominant wind wind Long and narrow, the utilization ratio of Topography Quite square, beneficial to waste landfill facilities is low Waste dam 3 units 3 units Facility of land acquisition in instalment Comparatively convenient Inconvenient Distance to the sewage disposal plant About 1.5km About 2.5km Traffic facility Good Good Investment for 1st phase engineering About 90 million About 110 million Construction cost for unit capacity High Low
Table 6.4-3 : List of landfill site environmental comparison Proposal I Proposal II Project Qingshan site Qiujiawu site No architecture and residential area in the land range, no Resettlement Little residents need to be relocated relocation needed Only Qingshan Village is within the range of 500m, after There are villages such as Wangshengtang, Qiujiawu, Environmental air impact relocation, there will be no centralized residential area within the Mache, Fujia, etc within the 500m impacted range, many protection range of landfill at downwind of dominant city wind residents are impacted.
No receiving water nearby, the leachate will be discharged to the Surface water impact nearby Wumazhou Industrial Group Sewage Disposal Plant after No receiving water nearby, the leachate will be discharged disposal to the nearby Wumazhou Industrial Group Sewage Disposal Plant after disposal The leachate will be discharged to the nearby Wumazhou The leachate will be discharged to the nearby Wumazhou Leachate disposal Industrial Group Sewage Disposal Plant after disposal Industrial Group Sewage Disposal Plant after disposal The groundwater resource is poor, and nice anti-seepage The groundwater resource is poor, and nice anti-seepage Groundwater impact measures are taken, with little impact on groundwater measures are taken, with little impact on groundwater The landfill is far away from residential area, the noise impact is The landfill is far away from residential area, the noise Noise impact insignificant impact is insignificant Residents’ health and safety The health and safety impact on residents is insignificant after The health and safety impact on residents is insignificant impact relocation after relocation Land use Mountain area Mountain area
In order to analyze and discuss further the reasonability and feasibility of recommended site, the recommended site is analyzed on conformity according to the specific requirements of Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site for Domestic Waste (GB16889-2008) and Technical Code for Sanitary Landfill of Domestic Refuse (CJJ17-2004), see Table 6.4-5 for details.
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Table 6.4-4 : Analysis on conformity of planned waste landfill site Qingshan site Project Requirement Conform or Conditions available in the site not Conform to general planning of Jiande City and land use Urban planning Conform to urban planning Yes planning of Meicheng Town Protection on water, Conform to water, soil resource protection, natural Conform to local water, soil resource protection Yes soil resource protection Ecological balance Conform to demand of ecological balance Ecological construction will be made after closure Yes Over 10 years, no less than 8 years in special Service period Over 10 years Yes conditions Traffic convenient; the waste transportation The road foundation is stable, with nice geological Traffic Yes distance is reasonable conditions Population density Low Only Qingshan Village within 500m around the site Yes Land use value Low Mountain area Yes Cost of land Low Low Yes acquisition Groundwater Poor Poor Yes Surface water Not located in flood plain or floodway Not located in flood plain or floodway Yes Dominant wind Downwind In the downwind of dominant wind of Meicheng Town Yes direction in summer
Distance to nearest No less than 50m The closest point to Xin’an River is about 50m Yes river or lake
Cannot be located in active collapsed area, not Not located in active collapsed area, not mined mineral Poor geology mined mineral deposited zone, lime pit and Yes deposited zone, lime pit and dissolution rock cavity area dissolution rock cavity area
Nature reserve No occupation Not related Yes
Area of cultural relics, Within the scenic area of Two River One Lake, not related No occupation Yes scenic area to core area
Military point, national No occupation Not related Yes security area
In conclusion, the location selection of this project, namely Jiande Meicheng Solid Waste Management, generally conforms to the Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site for Domestic Waste (GB16889-2008) and Technical Code for Sanitary Landfill of Domestic Refuse (CJJ17-2004), the site selection is reasonable and feasible.
6.5 ALTERNATIVE COMPARISON FOR LEACHATE TREATMENT PROCESS
Because at present, there are series of problem in China on the collection, sorting, treatment and management of domestic waste, so that the waste leachate is with the characteristics such as fluctuating water quantity and quality, complicated composition, high concentration of pollutants etc. The leachate disposal is one of the key issues and need to be solved in the environmental assessment, environmental management and engineering design of domestic waste sanitary landfill. To solve the standard disposal problem of leachate, we shall not only ensure the technical feasibility, but also consider the economic reasonability and environmental capacity. The leachate disposal proposal can only be scientifically reasonable when it is determined on the technical and environmental basis.
At present, there are mainly 3 proposals for leachate disposal both home and abroad: site circular spray disposal; sending to sewage disposal plant for disposal after in-situ pretreatment; and standard discharge in the site after in-situ disposal.
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ALTERNATIVE 1: LEACHATE SITE CIRCULAR SPRAY DISPOSAL: The circular spray is an effective proposal for leachate site disposal. The water content of waste layer can be elevated, the humidity of waste can be increased, the activity of microorganism in the waste can be enhanced, and the methane production rate as well as the precipitation of pollutants in the waste and the decomposition of organism can be faster by back spray. Secondarily, by back spray, not only the concentration of pollutants in the leachate can be reduced, but also the quantity of produced leachate can be reduced by the volatilization etc during spray, which can stabilize the water quantity and quality, beneficial to the operation of wastewater disposal system, thus save the cost. But, limited by the disadvantages such as the leachate cannot be totally eliminated, the leachate after circular spray shall still be disposed etc, as well as the environmental sanitary problems, safety and design technology problems caused by back spray, the method of leachate circular spray disposal is not popular in China. ALTERNATIVE 2: SENDING TO SEWAGE DISPOSAL PLANT FOR DISPOSAL AFTER SITE PRETREATMENT Such proposal refers to collect the leachate, then firstly send it to the pretreatment facilities built in the site for pretreatment, when the pollutant load is reduced, send it to the sewage disposal plant for further disposal. Such proposal utilizes the functions of sewage disposal plant on leachate, such as buffer, dilution and nutrition adjustment etc, which can reduce the investment and operation cost of landfill, quite economy. But the precondition for such proposal is: 1, there must be municipal sewage disposal plant, and it must be near the landfill; 2, its impact load on the sewage disposal plant must be considered due to the special water quality of leachate and its change. Generally, it would be safe when the volume of added leachate is not over 0.5% of the volume of domestic sewage.. ALTERNATIVE 3: STANDARD DISCHARGE IN THE SITE AFTER IN-SITU DISPOSAL The in-situ disposal of leachate is classified into biological method, physiochemical method and land method etc according to process characteristics. Use one of the methods or their combined process (usually the biological method is the major one), dispose the leachate in the landfill area, and discharge directly when it meets the standard. Generally, two or more disposal technologies must be combined reasonably and it can make the disposed leachate meet the discharge requirement. According to some leachate disposal facilities built currently in succession in China as well as their operation situation, the biological method is the major one. But, the operation effect of existing leachate disposal facilities is generally under the discharge standard because it lacks in China the mature engineering experience of leachate standard discharge after in-situ disposal. According to the requirement of Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site for Domestic Waste (GB16889-2008), since July 1st, 2011, all the existing domestic waste landfills shall dispose the domestic waste leachate by themselves and implement the water pollutant discharge concentration limit specified in the standard. Therefore, this project, namely Jiande City Meicheng Town Landfill plans to build a leachate collection system in the site, and send the leachate to the waste leachate disposal station built near Wumazhou Industrial Group Sewage Disposal Plant through the sewage lifting pump station and sewage transport pipeline for disposal; the adopted process is: nitrogen blowoff tower – UASB anaerobic tank - denitrification tank - nitrification tank – ultrafiltration - reverse osmosis; and the Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site for Domestic Waste (GB16889-2008) will be implemented on output water quality; see Table 6.5-1 for details of concentration limit of water pollutant discharge specified in the standard.
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Table 6.5-1: Concentration limit of landfill water pollutant discharge
No. Controlled pollutant Concentration limit of discharge Place for pollutant discharge monitoring
1 Colour (dilution times) 40 Outfall of conventional sewage disposal facilities 2 CODCr(mg/L) 100 Outfall of conventional sewage disposal facilities 3 BOD5(mg/L) 30 Outfall of conventional sewage disposal facilities 4 SS(mg/L) 30 Outfall of conventional sewage disposal facilities 5 TN(mg/L) 40 Outfall of conventional sewage disposal facilities 6 N3H-N(mg/L) 25 Outfall of conventional sewage disposal facilities 7 TP(mg/L) 3 Outfall of conventional sewage disposal facilities 8 Manure coliform community (piece/L) 10000 Outfall of conventional sewage disposal facilities 9 Total mercury (mg/L) 0.001 Outfall of conventional sewage disposal facilities 10 Total cadmium (mg/L) 0.01 Outfall of conventional sewage disposal facilities 11 Total chromium (mg/L) 0.1 Outfall of conventional sewage disposal facilities 12 Hexavalent chromium (mg/L) 0.05 Outfall of conventional sewage disposal facilities 13 Total arsenic (mg/L) 0.1 Outfall of conventional sewage disposal facilities 14 Total lead (mg/L) 0.1 Outfall of conventional sewage disposal facilities
6.6 WITH AND WITHOUT ZSTEP Compared with the economic and environmental benefits brought by the proposal with project, the proposal without project will lead to the following results: (1) Project of water supply category: although the proposal without project will not cause environmental pollution, but the drinking water source area cannot be protected properly, the water supply capacity of Zhuji City, Wucheng District cannot meet the demand of continuous social and economic development and ceaseless enhancement of people’s living standard. (2) Project of sewage disposal category: the large quantity of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater produced by industrialization, urbanization and population increase is discharged directly into water without disposal, which pollutes seriously the surface water. The water quality of Qiantang River Basin deteriorates further, the drinking water, groundwater, aquatic animals and plants, fishery, agriculture as well as the health of urban residents will be threatened, and even the sustainable development of regional economy will be impacted. (3) Project of solid waste disposal category: the collection, transportation and disposal of municipal domestic waste is with low efficiency, large quantity of waste is scattered in the environment without any disposal, which not only impacts the urban landscape, makes serious environmental pollution, but also threatens the health of urban residents (4) Project of old town Infrastructure: Without the project ，it not only affects the town's water environment, but also, is not conducive to the improvement of living conditions of town.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 126 7. Sludge management
7. SLUDGE MANAGEMENT
In the planned environmental project of small cities in Qiantang River Basin, the subproject of sewage disposal plant will unfavorably impact the surrounding environment if the sludge produced during its operation is not treated and transported properly; therefore, this assessment takes the sludge treatment as a special chapter for comprehensive analysis.
7.1 SLUDGE MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL PLAN
7.1.1 Sludge Production REMAINED SLUDGE:
As the by-product of sewage disposal plant, large quantity of remained sludge is mainly produced from the Grade II/biochemical disposal unit of sewage disposal plant. There is high concentration of pollutant in the sludge, and the sludge will cause secondary environmental pollution if it is not collected effectively and treated safely. Its solution is that the sludge quantity must be reduced, and it shall be treated safely. The produced sludge is mostly from the elimination of BOD and SS in the intake water of sewage disposal plant.
The water content of original sludge produced during the sewage disposal is as high as 98%-99%. Belt sludge dehydration is generally adopted in order to make the sludge dehydration economy and with easy operation, its sludge water content can be reduced to about 80%, even lower. The sludge slag after pressure filtration is usually transported by trucks to the waste landfill for special landfill treatment.
Large quantity of remained sludge is mostly from the sewage disposal project, the produced sludge mainly includes the sediments in the intake water of sewage disposal plant and surplus active sludge produced from sewage biochemical disposal.
Table 7.1-1 presents the estimated production of remained sludge during the operation period of sewage disposal project..
The table below shows the sludge production that is expected from WWTPs during operation.
Table 7.1-1: Expected sludge production by WWTPs
WWTP Sludge Moisture Dry sludge Moisture content of Wet Sludge quantity content of Mud cake volume Sub-project quantity incoming sludge Capacity mud cake 10^3 3 tons MLSS/d % tons/d % tons/d tons/year (m /d) tons/year Jiande City 20000 1.50 99.4 250.0 91.25 75 6 2190 Qujiang District 20000 1.50 99.4 250.0 91.25 75 6 2190 Lanxi City 5000 1.18 99.4 196.7 71.78 75 4.72 1724 Pan’an County 6000 1.42 99.4 236.7 86.38 75 5.68 2073 Total 51000 5.6 933.4 340.66 22.4 8177
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 7. Sludge management 127
Learned from Table 7.1-1 that the sludge production quantity of the subprojects of sewage disposal plants (including the 2nd phase engineering of Jiande City Chengdong Sewage Disposal Plant, Qujiang District Chengdong Sewage Disposal Plant, Lanxi City Youbu Town Sewage Disposal Plant and Pan’an County Jianshan Sewage Disposal Plant) is totally about 22.4t/d, the water content of its wet sludge mess is around 5%, goes to about 5.60t/d dry sludge. The sludge production quantity of each sewage disposal plant before sludge disposal is between 196.7t/d-250t/d. The sludge after disposal will be stored temporarily in the site, and then transported to waste landfill for safe treatment or incineration. OTHER SLUDGE AND SOLID WASTE:
Except for remained sludge, sewage disposal plants will also produce other sludge and solid waste, such as grid slag, sludge in the sand-basin as well as domestic waste etc. according to the comparison on relevant data of sewage disposal plants in same category, the dry solid waste remained on grid is about 20%, and about 40% for the sludge in primary sedimentation tank. SLUDGE AND SOLID WASTE OF SEWAGE DISPOSAL PLANT
Except for remained sludge, the solid waste produced by gird room, such as the grid slag, sludge of primary sedimentation tank and domestic waste, shall also be disposed, transported and treated.
Table 7.1-2: Estimate of daily solid waste production from WWTPs
Bar screen waste Primary Settling Municipal solid Sludge (t/d) Total Sub-project (t/d) tank waste (t/d) waste(t/d) (wet, t/d)) Dry Wet Dry Wet Dry Wet Dry Jiande City 1.5 6 3.2 4 0.9 1.5 0 17.1 Qujiang District 1.5 6 3.2 4 0.9 1.5 0.06 17.16 Lanxi City 1.18 4.72 0.36 0.46 0.14 0.225 0.02 7.105 Pan’an County 1.48 5.68 0.45 0.55 0.18 0.27 0.02 8.63 Total 5.66 22.4 7.21 9.01 2.12 3.495 0.1 49.995
Learned form Table 7.1-2 that the above 3 sewage disposal plants produce solid waste for totally about 49.995t/d, among which the sludge will be stacked temporarily in the plant after dehydration treatment in the plant; and finally, it will be transported to waste landfill for proper treatment or incineration after drying, the domestic waste will be collected separately by local sanitation department in integration and transported to waste landfill for landfill treatment; the sludge and domestic waste will be treated by zoned landfill.
7.1.2 Sludge Treatment Process and Disposal Plan
The sludge must be disposed for stability; the sludge shall finally be treated as zoned landfill by waste landfill after stability and concentration disposal. The water content of sludge produced after sewage disposal can be as high as 98%-99%. In consideration of the easiness and economy of sludge treatment process, the sludge is usually disposed by mechanical dehydration, after dehydration, its water content can usually be 80%, even lower. Besides, according to the sludge control requirement of Pollutant Discharge Standard of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant (GB18918-2002), the sludge of municipal sewage disposal plants shall be dehydrated, and the water content of sludge after dehydration shall be less than 80%.
According to sludge treatment technology, economic feasibility and the unique geographic conditions of the region where each sewage project is located in, the city of each sewage subproject has generally planned the sludge disposal; they all plan to use the treatment of landfill.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 128 7. Sludge management
But, if the sludge becomes hazardous waste due to the increase of heavy metal content, in law, the sludge must not be treated by sanitary landfill. If cover up such sludge in the sanitary landfill site, secondary pollution will easily be produced; besides, hazardous waste is forbidden to enter the landfill site for covering up according to relevant requirements in Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site for Domestic Waste (GB16889-2008)
According to the site investigation and the environmental assessment report of each subproject on the cities of each sewage subproject, the possibility for high concentration of heavy metal in sludge which causes the sludge to be hazardous waste is quite low, mainly because: (1) in the service range of each sewage subproject, the industrial enterprises with the particular pollutant of heavy metal are less; (2) in the service range of each sewage subproject, the sewage discharge each industrial enterprise can meet the standard Grade I, which is greatly lower than the requirement of sewage piping, namely the standard Grade III.
See Table 7.1-4 for details of the sludge sanitary landfill treatment of each sewage subproject.
Considering that the heavy metal content of sludge might still increase, for solving such problem, the sludge of sewage disposal plant shall be monitored during the 1st three years of the operation of sewage disposal plants, for further confirmation on the composition and property of sludge. The monitoring mainly includes the heavy metal content test, and analyzes whether it meets the pollutant standard of Control Standard for Pollutants in Sludge from Agricultural Use (GB4284-84) for sludge’s agricultural use. If the heavy metal content in the sludge increases, leaching toxicity test shall be made. If the heavy metal content of sludge exceeds the standard limit of Identification Standard for Hazardous Wastes--Identification for extraction procedure toxicity (GB5085.3-2007), such sludge belongs to hazardous waste, and cannot be covered up directly in the waste landfill site. Such sludge needs to be transported by special trucks to the local hazardous waste treatment center. If there is no proper hazardous waste treatment center, the sludge can be treated by zoned covering up in the waste landfill site according to the code.
It shall be implemented according to the relevant requirement of Standard for Pollution Control on the Security Landfill Site for Hazardous Wastes (GB18598－2001) upon zoned covering up.
The sludge shall be dehydrated before covering up, see Table 7.1-4 for details..
Table 7.1-3 : Sludge treatment and disposal
Project Sludge treatment Disposal Jiande Chengdong Mechanical dewatering Jiande City Shouchang Fuyilong Waste Landfill WWTP Qujiang District Chengdong Mechanical dewatering Quzhou City Domestic Waste Landfill WWTP Lanxi City Mechanical dewatering Lanxi City Domestic Waste Landfill Youbu WWTP Pan’an County Mechanical dewatering Pan’an County Dongbei’taidi Waste Landfill Jianshan WWTP
The description of those Landfill is shown in Table 7.1-5.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 7. Sludge management 129
Table 7.1-4 The description of those Landfill
No. Subproject Linked word Description
Jiande City Located in Shouchang Fuyilong, an area of 65 acres, storage capacity 210,000 Jiande Shouchang m3, 200 tons of waste processing, Phase II has an area of 163 acres, storage Wastewater 3 1 Fuyilong capacity is 1.49 million m .The EIA has been approved on June 30, 2008 by Collection and Waste Zhejiang Environmental Protection Bureau of, on August 23, 2008 was Treatment Landfill officially opened. Currently, landfill operating normally
Located in Xubalong of Qujiang District ，away from urban areas 11km, from the east of the city wastewater treatment plant site is about 4km, built and put into use in 1996. The EIA has been approved In October 2005 in December Qujiang Quzhou City ， Wastewater Domestic 2005 the landfill expansion, by the end of 2007 expansion project is 2 completed and put into operation. Landfill design landfill total storage capacity Collection and Waste 3 Treatment Landfill is 3.16 million m , the total area of 408 acres, designed daily capacity of 300- 1000 tonnes of landfill waste could be 2.85 million t, the service life of about 20 years. Currently, landfill waste processing about 350 tons daily processing of Quzhou City Wastewater Treatment Plant sludge about 10t / d. Located in Shuiniu Mountain of Jianshan Town, began construction in 2009, is Pan’an Jianshan Pan’an expected to be completed by the end of 2010 put into use, storage capacity is Town County 3 446,000 m , designed daily capacity of 100 tons, the service life of about 12 3 Wastewater Dongbei’taidi 3 years. New leachate treatment facility, its designed capacity of 150m / d. Collection and Waste On July 9, 2008 ，the EIA was approved by Pan’an EPA ([2008] 27), now the Treatment Landfill project is under construction. Located Langnilong of Huangdian Town ,Lanxi City, the storage capacity is Youbu 900,000 m3, field by the end of non-woven geotextile HDPE membrane for Town(New Lanxi City laying impermeable layer of protection, set up by the dendritic leachate blind District) Domestic ditch, and Wizard vertical drainage system consisting of gas collected into the 4 Wastewater Waste sewage storage tank, and compliance by the plant treated sewage pipe Collection and Landfill network access Lanxi by the sewage treatment plant discharge Lan Jiang Treatment focus. Waste processing 180 tons of Lanxi use for 11 years, in November 2006 put into use, the project currently operating normally.
From Table 7.1-5, It is shown that Jiande City, The sludge generated from above sewage plants during the operation will be disposaled by the local landfill, which will not affect the landfills adversely.
7.2 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND MITIGATION
7.2.1 Pollution Factor Screening and Load Projection
Following table 7.2-1 shows the analysis process of main pollution factors and screening in the sludge landfill and possibly composting process.
Table7.2-1: Pollution factors in the sludge landfill and composting process
Waste gas Wastewater Pollution link Pollution Environmental Pollution factor Environmental impact factor impact The impact on surrounding water ·Odor ·COD environment is insignificant because Temporary storage ·NH Environmental air ·NH -N 3 3 sludge shed is used in the plant for rain ·H S ·SS 2 prevention ·odor ·COD The impact on surrounding environment Odor Transportation process Environmental air ·NH -N is insignificant because sealed waste ·NH 3 3 ·SS trucks are used for transportation. ·H2S ·Certain impact might be caused on ·odor ·COD surrounding water environment in rainy Landfill treatment ·NH Environmental air ·NH -N 3 3 season;·Dust pollution might be caused ·H S ·SS 2 in dry season
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 130 7. Sludge management
7.2.2 Temporary Sludge Storage Sites Impacts and mitigation measures
According to the relevant regulations of Code for Design of Outdoor Sewerage Engineering (GB50014-2006), sludge stacking yard shall be set for storing the dehydrated sludge, the capacity of stacking yard shall be determined according to the sludge purpose and transportation conditions. Considering the uncertainty of sludge transportation and treatment, in common sewage disposal plants, the capacity for dehydrated sludge stacking yard is determined as for one week storage; the sludge might cause certain odor pollution during storage, especially in summer, it will produce certain air environmental impact.
In order to reduce the above mentioned environmental impact produced during sludge storage, the sludge temporary storage facilities shall be taken with following mitigation measures: (1) The sludge temporary storage facilities shall be far away from the office building in the plant and other sensitive buildings of the sewage disposal plant; (2) The temporary stacking yard shall be surrounded by green isolation belt; (3) Build the sludge drying shed, for rain and sun prevention, and take anti-seepage measures, prevent the impact on groundwater; (4) The sludge temporary stacking yard surface water runoff shall be built with supporting sewage collection system, for preventing or reducing the direct discharge of surface runoff with potential sludge, the sewage shall be collected to the sewage disposal system in the plant for disposal, and then be discharged when it meets the standard.
7.2.3 Sludge Transportation Impacts and mitigation measures
The dehydrated sludge with water content up to 80% will easily cause secondary pollution during its transportation from the sewage disposal plant to the sludge treatment place due to the sewage seepage. In addition, because the sludge contains some odor pollutants such as NH3, H2S, the transportation process will also cause certain impact on the sensitive points near the transportation route. Therefore, the environmental impact caused by sludge transportation is also an issue paid attention to by the sewage disposal plant in terms of environmental impact.
In order to reduce the above environmental impact caused during sludge transportation, the following mitigation measures shall be taken to the sludge transportation: (1) Select proper sludge transportation route, try to select the route with less sensitive points, for reducing the odor impact on the transportation route; (2) Try to use special sealed sludge transportation vehicles, and the transportation period shall avoid the peak hours of traffic.
7.2.4 Sludge Impact on sanitary landfill
At present, the currently newly built domestic waste sanitary landfills are all designed, constructed according to the relevant standard in Technical Code for Sanitary Landfill of Domestic Refuse (CJJ17- 2004), the waste leachate, landfill gas etc are all controlled by corresponding measures for pollution prevention. Besides, domestic waste landfills are mostly located in suburbs, and the sanitary protection distance of domestic waste landfills is no less than 500m. Therefore, the sludge of sewage disposal plant will not cause unfavorable environmental impact when it is dehydrated and covered up in the domestic waste landfill.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 8. Leachate and landfill gas management 131
8. LEACHATE AND LANDFILL GAS MANAGEMENT
8.1 LEACHATE MANAGEMENT
8.1.1 Leachate Amount
The solid waste disposal subproject of this project is Jiande City Meicheng Town Waste Landfill engineering. According to the estimation of feasibility research report, see Table 8.1-1 for the waste leachate production volume of Jiande Meicheng Solid Waste Management.
Table 8.1-1: Estimation of daily leachate output
Subproject Production volume of waste leachate (m3/d) Jiande Meicheng Solid Waste Management 200
8.1.2 Leachate Quality Prediction
The waste leachate belongs to high concentration organic wastewater, the water quality composition is quite complicated; the concentration of organism and NH3-N is high, with poor biodegradability, and it contains a lot of virus, pathogen and poisonous heavy metal etc; it will cause serious environmental pollution if discharged directly without disposal. The various compositions of waste leachate vary a lot, the specific water quality is hard to be precisely estimated; it is mainly based on the factors such as the age of landfill site, composition of waste, landfill mode, season as well as regional climate etc, among which, the age of landfill is the key factor impacting the water quality of waste leachate.
Table 8.1-2 presents the comparison result of waste landfills in China..
Table 8.1-2: Leachate quality in others places in China
Items BOD5 CODCr SS NH3-N pH Area (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) 400～2500 1400～5500 200～600 Guangzhou 130～600 6.5～7.8 （2100） （3350） （330） 400～3000 1000～5000 50～500 Shanghai 60～650 6～6.5 （1720） （2820） （70） Chongqing 9793 11436 2034 400 7.6 Wuyishan （2100） （3500） （800） （70） （6～8）
Yichang （1500） （3000） （600） （80） （6～7） 500～2600 Taizhong 4000 400 unknow 4～9 2000）
Zhangzhou （2000） （4000） （300） （200） （6~9） Suzhou （1370） （4170） （800） unknow Sanming （2000） （3500） （800） （70） （6~8）
Note: Values shown in brackets are design values.
Based on the existing data from other sites and with consideration of semi-aerobic landfill technology, the design leachate quality of the project municipal solid waste is shown as follows:
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 132 8. Leachate and landfill gas management
Table 8.1-3: Projected leachate quality Unit: mg/L (except for pH) Index pH BOD5 CODCr SS NH3-N
Value 6~9 3000 7000 600 800 8.1.3 Leachate Impacts and Mitigation 8.1.3.1 Impact on surface water
The Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site for Domestic Waste (GB16889-2008) and Technical Code for Sanitary Landfill of Domestic Refuse (CJJ17-2004) require that the domestic waste landfill shall be set with leachate discharge conduction system and leachate disposal facilities; the produced waste leachate enters into the leachate disposal facilities through the discharge conduction system in the landfill site, and it is discharged after disposal and meets the standard. The concentration limit for water pollutant discharge specified by the standard GB16889-2008 is implemented.
After being adjusted by the adjusting tank in the station, the waste leachate produced by this project, namely Jiande City Meicheng Town Waste Landfill, will be lifted by water pump and sent to the leachate disposal facilities beside the Wumazhou Sewage Disposal Plant for standard discharge after disposal. Therefore, the environmental impact on nearby surface water caused by the leachate produced by Jiande City Meicheng Town Waste Landfill is insignificant.. 8.1.3.2 Impact to groundwater
According to the requirements of Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site for Domestic Waste (GB16889-2008) and Technical Code for Sanitary Landfill of Domestic Refuse (CJJ17-2004), the seepage factor of anti-seepage layer of domestic waste landfill shall not be over 1.0×10-7cm/s. This project, namely Jiande City Meicheng Town Waste Landfill, plans to use the high quality HDPE compound lining anti-seepage system, its seepage factor is ≤1.0×10-7cm/s, which can meet the demand of corresponding technology codes.
The geological condition of the planned engineering site is quite simple, the bottom and natural side slopes of the site are with nice stability, no obvious unfavorable geological phenomenon; and according to the standard, the thickness of bottom and surrounding lining of the landfill shall not be less than 2m. The seepage of waste leachate towards underground can be controlled effectively when the landfill site is treated with anti-seepage by high density polyethylene lining (2.0mm HDPE film). In addition, the landfill site is also set with groundwater discharge conduction system and site rainwater discharge conduction system, for further controlling the seepage volume of leachate towards underground.
Therefore, the waste landfill will not pollute the groundwater as long as the construction is strictly according to the relevant construction standards and technology codes for waste landfill. 8.1.3.3 Impact during leachate transfer
Because about 0.5km away from the east side of waste landfill is the sewage disposal plant of Wumazhou industrial area, for the sake of centralized management, the leachate disposal facilities will be set beside the Wumazhou Sewage Disposal Plant; after being adjusted by adjusting tank, the waste leachate is lifted by water pump and sent to the leachate disposal facilities beside Wumazhou Sewage Disposal Plant. Table 8.1-4 presents the distance and transportation mode of leachate transportation to the leachate disposal facilities beside Wumazhou Sewage Disposal Plant.
Table 8.1-4: Transportation distance and mode for waste leachate
Distance to the newly built waste leachate disposal Subproject Transportation mode Pipe diameter station beside sewage disposal plant (km) Jiande City Meicheng 1.0 Transported through pressure pipe DE200HDPE Pipe Town Waste Landfill
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 8. Leachate and landfill gas management 133
It is learned from Table 8.1-4 that Jiande City Meicheng Town Waste Landfill plans to send the waste leachate to the waste leachate disposal station beside Wumazhou Industrial Group Sewage Disposal Plant for disposal through sewage pressure pipeline. Because the mode of pipeline transportation is quite safe, the transportation of waste leachate will not cause unfavorable environmental impact if there is no seepage on the pipeline.
8.1.4 Leachate Management Plan
Based on the analysis of process characteristic, site condition etc of the landfill site, Table 8.1-5 presents the management, transportation and disposal program for the waste leachate of this project, Jiande City Meicheng Town Waste Landfill.. Table 8.1-5: Management system of waste leachate Project Jiande City Meicheng Town Waste Landfill Production volume of leachate (m3/d) 200 Capacity of adjusting tank (10,000m3) 1.5 Site area (hm2) 192 Control measures Flood ditch, timely landfill Disposal process Adjusting tank + UASB + nitration + denitration + ultra-filtration + anti-seepage Distance to the leachate disposal facilities (km) 1.0 Transportation mode Transported through pipeline
The waste leachate management system of waste landfill mainly consists of the following: ANTI-SEEPAGE SYSTEM
Jiande City Meicheng Town Waste Landfill uses the compound anti-seepage system, the anti-seepage layer consists of five layers, from the top to bottom, they are: 45cm thick gravel water conduction layer (particle diameter is 32-64mm), 600g/m2 non-woven geotextile, 2.0mm HDPE thick geo-film (smooth surface), 6mm thick compound bentonite clay GCL cushion, 300mm compacted earth protection layer and the flattened foundation layer at the bottom. WATER DISCHARGE SYSTEM
The groundwater discharge conduction system uses temporarily blind drain for collecting the groundwater. The blind drain in 1st phase will be excavated in the direction of topographic gradient, and the minor blind drain will be excavated at the broad site bottom and perpendicular to the major one; the blind drain will be firstly paved with a layer of fine sand, 100mm thick, as the cushion, and de110~de200 holed HDPE pipe will be paved on it; the major and minor blind drains shall be filled with φ20～60 graded gravels. In order to prevent the block of pipeline by fine sand and the particles in groundwater, theφ20～60 gravels and holed pipe shall be covered by 300g/m2 non-woven geotextile to form an anti-filtration layer. The HDPE pipeline is connected to the flood discharge ditch in lower reaches when it passes through the waste dam. LEACHATE COLLECTION SYSTEM
The leachate collection system consists of the 45cm thick gravel layer which covers the entire landfill bottom and the leachate collection blind drain. The blind drain section will be a trapezoid; embed DE200 holed HDPE pipe into the blind drain. The major blind drain shall be paved along the gradient at bottom, and it will go through the waste dam and connect to the leachate water collecting tank. The minor blind drains are generally distributed along the contour lines at slope bottom, intersect with the major blind drain, their sections are also trapezoid, and DE160 HDPE pipe is set inside.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 134 8. Leachate and landfill gas management
LEACHATE DISPOSAL SYSTEM
(1) Leachate adjusting tank
The adjusting tank is formed by the excavated site paved with anti-seepage film; when the adjusting tank is excavated, pave the groundwater discharge conduction system on the tank bottom, then pave a layer of 300mm thick clay and a layer of 6mm thick GCL bentonite clay cushion; then pave a layer of 2mm thick HDPE geo-film. A layer of 600g/m2 geotextile shall be paved on the geo-film as the geo- film protection layer, and then pave 500×500×80 thick concrete bricks as protection layer. In addition, in order to reduce the environmental impact of odor produced by the leachate, floating covering film shall be set on the adjusting tank, and the covering film uses 0.5mm thick HDPE film.
(2) Disposal process
According to the Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site for Domestic Waste (GB16889- 2008), the newly built waste landfill must be built with leachate disposal system, and the output water quality must meet the water pollutant discharge concentration limit specified by the standard. The leachate disposal process adopted by Jiande City Meicheng Town Waste Landfill is as follows:
Sludge backflow
Leachate Adjusting UASB Denitration Nitration Ultra- Anti-seepage Water output Discharge tank tank tank tank filtration system pump
Cake Sinotrans Concentration Sludge Remained sludge dehydration house Adjusting tank
Fig. 8.1-1 Flow of leachate disposal process
8.2 LANDFILL GAS MANAGEMENT 8.2.1 Landfill Gas Quantity Projection
The production volume of landfill gas varies ceaselessly as time goes. In the primary period of waste’s entry into the landfill, there is mostly aerobic decomposition; at this moment, the gas production volume is low, and the major products are CO2, H2O and a little NH3; when the waste is covered by soil and isolated from air, it goes to anaerobic composition, the air in the waste layer is gradually consumed off, and the bacteria for acidification and methane production etc become active, the volume of waste gas increases, and the concentration of methane rises year by year.
According to estimation, the landfill will totally produce about 20 million m3 landfill gas in the 1st phase; when the 2nd phase and 3rd phase are constructed, because the waste volume increases, the gas production of waste goes into the peak period. Therefore, methane gas utilization facilities must be set.
8.2.2 Impact on Ambient Air Quality
Except for the methane and carbon dioxide which are harmless to human, the gas produced by waste landfill also contains some poisonous and harmful pollution gases, such as NH3、H2S etc.
Table 8.2-1 presents the compositions of typical waste landfill gas, and Table 8.2-1 presents the production volume of each composition of landfill gas.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 8. Leachate and landfill gas management 135
Table 8.2-1: Typical landfill gas composition (%)
CH4 CO2 N2 O2 Sulfate NH3 H2 CO Others
45～50 40～60 2～5 0.1～1.0 0～1.0 0.1～1.0 0～0.2 0～0.2 0.01～0.6
Table 8.2-2: Landfill gas and main pollutant discharges
Suproject Total gas ( ×104 m3/y) CH4 (t/year) H2S (t/year) NH3 (t/year) Jiande Meicheng Solid 122 183.0 2.37 13.05 Waste Management
The CO2 and CH4 belong to greenhouse gas, they will cause greenhouse effect and global warming if they enter into the air by large volume. CH4 is also a combustible gas, it will burn by itself or explode when it reaches a certain proportion in air and meet a fire source, influencing the safety of surrounding human and animals, truly a potential explosion source. In addition, the potential harm of odor gases such as H2S, NH3, SO2 and NOX (accounted for 0.2~1.4% of the total volume) to human can also not be neglected. Therefore, the waste landfill must be set with landfill gas discharge conduction system and disposal device.
8.2.3 Safety Impact and Mitigation
The Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site for Domestic Waste (GB16889-2008) requires that, the waste landfill must take necessary measures to prevent the spread of odor substances during operation; the odor pollutant concentration at the plant boundary in the directions of surrounding sensitive points around the waste landfill shall accord with the Emission Standards for Odor Pollutants (GB14554-93).
According to the air diffusion model which is often applied to estimate the gas concentration in all weather conditions in the environmental assessment, the maximum concentration of major odor pollutants such as H2S、N3H etc are at about 400-500m away from the pollution source. In order to meet the requirement of environmental air quality standard, there shall be no residential area or other sensitive objects within the 500m air environmental protection distance from the waste landfill site.
More over, the waste landfill must be set with various fire protection or smoke prohibition signs, train the personnel regularly on firefighting knowledge and operation; set landfill gas monitoring alarm system in the landfill site, equip fire protection appliance, and inspect, maintain, renew regularly, for ensuring that they are in good conditions.
Therefore, the waste landfill will not harm the environmental air and human health as long as the landfill gas is controlled strictly and managed scientifically.
8.2.4 Landfill Gas Management Plan
This project, namely Jiande City Meicheng Town Waste Landfill, plans to use vertical exhaust well to conduct the discharge of landfill gas.
The horizontal and vertical distances of exhaust well is 50m, with diameter of 1,000mm; the structure is, from outside to inside: φ8 mesh reinforcement, gravels with diameter of 32-100mm and de200 multi-holed UPVC pipe. The bottom of exhaust well and gas conducting pipe is 2m higher than the foundation, constructed in sections; the top of each section of the exhaust well is 1m higher than the corresponding covering layer. The exhaust wells of landfill gas are connected by the gas collecting pipeline; in near future, it will be collected and discharged after burning by automatic ignition device; and later, it will be comprehensively utilized after collection.
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9. RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN (RAP)
9.1 OBJECTIVES OF THE RAP
Involuntary resettlement under development projects, if unmitigated, often gives rise to severe economic, social, and environmental risks: production systems are dismantled; people face impoverishment when their productive assets or income sources are lost; people are relocated to environments where their productive skills may be less applicable and the competition for resources greater; community institutions and social networks are weakened; kin groups are dispersed; and cultural identity, traditional authority, and the potential for mutual help are diminished or lost. National Laws and Regulations and World Bank OP4.12 Policy includes safeguards to address and mitigate these impoverishment risks.
9.2 AREA AND POPULATION AFFECTED BY THE PROJECT
This project will impact 8 counties (cities, districts) in 4 cities, namely Zhuji City, Longyou County, Jiande City, Wucheng District, Qujiang District, Tonglu County, Pan’an County and Lanxi City; there will be 1,047 households, 5021 people impacted by the project construction; mainly including the land acquisition, house relocation, infrastructure, underground auxiliary facilities and temporary land occupation etc.
There are 10 subprojects in this project related to land acquisition, namely t Jiande Meicheng solid waste management, Jiande wastewater collection and treatment, Tonglu Jiangnan town wastewater collection, Qujiang wastewater collection and treatment, Longyou wastewater collection, Youbu Town project, Pan’an wastewater collection(Yunshan), Pan’an wastewater collection(Shenzhe),Pan’an Jianshan town wastewater collection and treatment, Zhuji water supply and distribution. According to investigation, the project construction will acquire a land of 1485.147mu, including 1483.797mu collective land and 1.35mu state-owned land. The directly impacted population is 696 households, 2,379 people.
There are 6 subprojects related to house relocation, they are Jiande Meicheng solid waste management, Jiande wastewater collection and treatment, Tonglu Jiangnan town wastewater collection, Qujiang wastewater collection and treatment, Longyou wastewater collection and Youbu Town project respectively. The project construction totally impacts 50221.5m2 house, all of which is private.
9.3 SUMMARY OF THE ACTIONS PRINCIPLES OF COMPENSATION IN THE PROJECT
The main principles of compensation policy are: To take measures as much as possible to minimize adverse impact of the Project. The compensation and resettlement projects can improve or at least keep the living standards before the movement. To carefully negotiate with the resettled to ensure that they have the chance to comprehensively participate in the planning and implementation of RAP. All of the welfare affected by the Project will be compensated in the resettled cost.
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To adopt the principle of construction before demolition as much as possible. Before land requisition and house demolition, the resettled will all receive compensation. Land and some relevant land attachment acquisition will be carried out after payment of compensation or even supply of resettlement sites and relocation subsidies if needed. To identify DP qualification. The time criteria for identification of resettlement will be the publicizing date of the demolition announcement. After the date, the resettled will not build new, enlarge or reconstruct houses, nor change house and land usage; nor rent land, nor rent or sell their houses. The population arriving after the date is not eligible. FUND BUDGET
The resettlement fee is one part of total project investment, including the permanent land acquisition cost, temporary land acquisition cost, rural and urban house dismantlement expenses, enterprise housing costs, infrastructure and underground facilities fee, etc.
The total resettlement cost for this project is RMB 167,009,900. MONITORING According to the regulations specified in the business policy of Involuntary Resettlement OP4.12 from World Bank and business process of Involuntary Resettlement BP4.12 from World Bank as well as its accessories, the progresses of land acquisition and resident relocation for the construction project should be monitored and estimated in order to ensure them to comply with the regulations of Action Plan for Resident Relocation. There are two main forms such as internal monitoring and external independent monitoring in Action Plan for Resident Relocation. (1) The internal monitoring will be implemented by Zhejiang province project office, each subproject office, owner’s unit, local land resource administration bureau, etc, and its purpose is to monitor the implementation of resident relocation plan. (2) The external independent monitoring organization is mainly responsible for land requisition, housing demolition and resident relocation action, its purpose is to monitor the related independent organization to implement the resident relocation plan, at the same time, carry on the long-term, overall monitoring and evaluation to the whole resident relocation action.
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Table 9.3-1: Overall Resettlement Budget
Resettlement fund Sort Subproject Name (ten thousand Yuan)
Zhuji Water Supply and Distribution 996.51 Water supply Project Wucheng Water Supply and Distribution 224.43
Longyou Wastewater Collection 5275.54
Jiande Wastewater Collection and Treatment 1649.23
Qujiang Wastewater Collection and Treatment 664.77
Wastewater Project Tonglu Jiangnan Town Wastewater Collection 2981.95
Pan’an Wastewater Collection(Shenzhe) 1096.86
Pan’an Wastewater Collection (Yunshan) 225.97
Pan’an Jianshan Town Wastewater Collection and Treatment 410.98
Solid Waste Project Jiande City Meicheng TownSolid Waste landfill Project 2666.16
Lanxi City Youbu Town WWTP Old town infrastructure construction Project 508.59 Lanxi City Youbu Town old town infrastructure construction Project
Total 16700.99
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10. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE
10.1 IMPLEMENTING ARRANGEMENT
Zhejiang province urban environmental construction project is planned to apply for the loan from the World Bank to help the small town along Qiantang River improve their urban environmental infrastructure, as well as provide a continuable service for the sewage, water supply and solid waste disposal to improve the water environment of Qiantang River. According to the relevant requirements of < Interim Measures for Public Participation in Environmental Impact Assessment>, there only should be two round public consultation for Expansion project phase II of Jiande City East Sewage Disposal Plant, Quzhou City East Sewage Disposal Plant and supporting pipeline, Jiande City Meicheng Town refuse landfill project, and the other subprojects should not be launched the public consultation because of little impacts on environment. Combined with the security policy of World Bank, there should be two round public consultation for the project of sewage disposal, solid waste disposal and old town infrastructure.
The first round of public consultation is mainly completed by the subproject owner and environmental impact assessment unit in the form of visit or questionnaire survey. During investigation, the environmental impact assessment unit will clearly present the brief project condition to the public in the questionnaire, including the key environmental impact produced by the project construction. The participants are mainly the persons who will be affected by the project construction or the residents living near the project construction site, such as the villagers living near the refuse landfill, the residents living near the sewage disposal plant and the residents living along the refuse transportation line. In addition, the participants will be different people having different age, gender, education level and career. The questionnaire not only concerns the public’s general attitude to the construction project, but also concerns the public’s attitude to the following specific environmental problems:
The noise, dust, odor, water pollution and other negative effects, as well as any other community and environment inconvenience caused by project construction and operation;
Measures taken during project construction and operation, etc
The public participation questionnaire will be carried out in the project construction area. The participants are the residents affected by the construction and the related government agencies. At first, the environmental impact assessment unit will clearly present the environmental status in the project construction area and the key negative influence on the community and environment caused by the project construction, and then collects the participants’ opinions, suggestions and attentions about project construction.
The second round of public consultation will be launched after the completion of the first draft of environmental impact assessment report. The subproject public consultation will be completed in the form of forum by the project owner and environmental impact assessment unit. The participants are the residents affected by the construction. The main content of the second round of public consultation are the environmental impact assessment report, the mitigation measures and the environmental impact assessment conclusion. At the same time, place the environmental impact assessment report in accessible places for public inspection, including each subproject office, each related municipal, county (district) environmental protection bureau, each related residents (village) committee, etc..
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10.2 ACTIVITIES AND RESULTS
The major problems raised by the participants are the following:
(1) Water supply and sewage subproject
The major environmental problems concerned by the public are the disposal and disposal of construction & mechanical noises, construction dust, odor and sludge from sewage disposal plant, as well as the waste water influence on the river.
(2) Refuse disposal project
The major environmental problems concerned by the public are the ecological balance destruction and soil erosion caused by the site excavation, the gases from refuse landfill, the smell of landfill, the surface water pollution and water supply safety, the flies and other diseases, the sanitary conditions around the landfill site, the landfill leachate treatment and discharge, the safety of access road, the dust, etc.
In the environmental evaluation process, the subproject environmental impact assessment unit analyzes the public concerns and puts forward the corresponding mitigation measures to ensure the project's impact on the environment to an acceptable level.
Reasonably arrange the construction time, and strengthen the measures of watering and dust suppression to reduce the noise and dust influence; Set up the atmospheric environmental protective distance in the sewage plant and refuse landfill to reduce the odor influence; Analyze and inspect the sludge, look for the safety disposal methods to reduce the harm of sludge; The sewage can be discharged only after reaching the standard of receiving water quality in order to ensure the water quality; The refuse landfill should be seepage-proofing designed and built according to the specifications, and the landfill leachate should be discharged after reaching the national standards.
In addition, the public also concerns the land compensation and resettlement, but it can be seen in independent resettlement planning report, so this report will no longer involves.
Table 10.2-1 This table summarizes the subproject name, participation time and method, organization, participants, major concerns, feedback of environmental impact assessment, etc.
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Table 10.2-1: Public Consultation Summary List of Each Subproject Method of Feedback of Subproject public Organization Date Participants Major concerns environmental impact consultation assessment 20 persons, village - Don't try to requisition the villagers grave, if it can be reserved, had better not dismantle; - After excavation of the Adopt relevant advices First round : representatives along 2009.6.15 mountain, carry out the protection work and regreen the land, if necessary. -Timely remove the residual soil during during environmental Visit Zhuji the line and affected by construction period. - -The wastewater disposed by the waterworks cannot be discharged into the river directly. impact assessment. Zhuji Water Supply subproject the construction. and Distribution office ; 20 persons, village Second - Don't try to requisition the villagers grave, if it can be reserved, had better not dismantle; - After excavation of the Adopt relevant advices ZGUEPEC representatives along round : 2009.10.18 mountain, carry out the protection work and regreen the land, if necessary. -Timely remove the residual soil during during environmental the line and affected by Forum construction period. - -The wastewater disposed by the waterworks cannot be discharged into the river directly. impact assessment. the construction. Jinhua City Wucheng 14 persons, village -Ensure the quality of water source; specially take measures to dispose the pig farm in the upstream of reservoir. -Use Adopt relevant advices First round : District 2008.3.12 representatives affected the villagers’ land during the pipeline construction, so the execute solution dealing with the land lending policy approved during environmental Visit subproject by the construction. by the villagers should be unveiled as soon as possible. impact assessment. office ; Wucheng Water JEDRI Supply and Distribution Jinhua City Wucheng Second 14 persons, village -Ensure the quality of water source; specially take measures to dispose the pig farm in the upstream of reservoir. -Use Adopt relevant advices District round : 2009.10.31 representatives affected the villagers’ land during the pipeline construction, so the execute solution dealing with the land lending policy approved during environmental subproject Forum by the construction. by the villagers should be unveiled as soon as possible. impact assessment. office ; JEDRI - Strengthen the daily maintenance work during operation period; ensure the landfill gas and landfill leachate to be discharged after reaching standards in order to reduce the impact of exhaust air emissions to the surrounding First round : Jiande 45 persons, village atmospheric environment and residential area as well as reduce the impact of wastewater discharging to Xin’an River Adopt relevant advices Visit + Forum subproject 2009.11.3~20 representatives affected environment. -Strengthen the construction management; reasonably arrange the construction time and avoid the rest during environmental + office ; 09.12.14 by the construction. time construction in order to reduce the influence of construction noise to the surrounding villages. impact assessment. Questionnaire ZBETE -Take the dust-controlling measures during construction period in order to reduce the impact of the project construction Jiande Meicheng to the area ambient air. Solid Waste -- Strengthen the daily maintenance work during operation period; ensure the landfill gas and landfill leachate to be Management discharged after reaching standards in order to reduce the impact of exhaust air emissions to the surrounding Jiande atmospheric environment and residential area as well as reduce the impact of wastewater discharging to Xin’an River 50 persons, village Adopt relevant advices Second subproject environment. 2009.12.30 representatives affected during environmental round : Forum office ; --Strengthen the construction management; reasonably arrange the construction time and avoid the rest time by the construction. impact assessment. ZBETE construction in order to reduce the influence of construction noise to the surrounding villages. -Take the dust-controlling measures during construction period in order to reduce the impact of the project construction to the area ambient air. First round : 2009.10.15~2 -The sewage pipeline is laying now; the construction unit is requested to strengthen the communication with each Jiande 50 persons, village Adopt relevant advices Posting 009.10.30 department, and the pipe laying work should be finished as soon as possible to ensure effective operation of sewage subproject representatives affected during environmental notices + 2010.1.4 disposal plant. office; ZEEC by the construction. impact assessment. Jiande Wastewater Questionnaire ~2010.1.18 - Rehousing the resident, and compensate the peasants for the impact on the local air and ecological environment. Collection and -Implement the compensating work for the resident relocation within the health protection range of Phase I project of Treatment Jiande 15 persons, village east sewage disposal plant as soon as possible. Adopt relevant advices Second subproject 2009.12.11 representatives affected -Act promptly to implement the supporting network construction of sewage plant and complete the ‘three at the same during environmental round : Forum office; ZEEC by the construction. time’ acceptance of phase I project. impact assessment. --Take the dust-controlling measures during construction period in order to reduce the impact of the project construction
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Method of Feedback of Subproject public Organization Date Participants Major concerns environmental impact consultation assessment to the area ambient air. --Strengthen the construction management; reasonably arrange the construction time and avoid the rest time construction in order to reduce the influence of construction noise to the surrounding villages. --Strengthen the construction proces management; eliminate the construction vehicle have the phenomenon of ‘run, 60 persons for emit, drop and leakage’; reasonably arrange the construction time; try to avoid the influence of dust and noise to the questionnaire, 20 First round : surrounding villages. Adopt relevant advices Qujiang 2007.6 persons for forum, Questionnaire - During operation of sewage disposal plant, take deodorization measures to avoid the bed smell from sewage disposal during environmental Qujiang Wastewater District 2009.12.21 village representatives + Forum plant affecting the surrounding village. impact assessment. Collection and subproject affected by the -Strictly control the construction quality and perfect the treatment process to discharge the sewage after reaching Treatmen office ; construction. standards, and then avoid the tail water polluting the surrounding river and village. ZIEPDI 25 persons, village - Optimize design; take measures against bad smell, flies and mosquito in order to avoid them affecting the surrounding Adopt relevant advices Second 2010.1.19 representatives affected village after operation of sewage disposal plant. during environmental round : Forum by the construction. -Strengthen the project management to reduce the impact on the surrounding environment caused by construction. impact assessment. -The pump station construction of Yunshan pipeline should requisition land, so implement the land requisition compensation for the land-losing peasants timely. 26 persons, village -Reasonably arrange to avoid affect the travel of residents living along the line during pipeline construction. Adopt relevant advices First round : 2009.7.12 representatives along - Timely remove the waste soil during construction period and they cannot be piled up casually; timely restore the road during environmental Visit the construction line. after laying the pipeline. impact assessment. Pan’an Wastewater Pan’an -During pipeline operation, the sewage station should be taken measures against the noise and bed smell to reduce the Collection County influence on the surrounding villagers. (Yunshan)& Pan’an subproject Wastewater office; JEDRI; -The pump station construction of Yunshan pipeline should requisition land, so implement the land requisition Collection(Shenzhe) HHEC compensation for the land-losing peasants timely. 26 persons, village -Reasonably arrange to avoid affect the travel of residents living along the line during pipeline construction. Adopt relevant advices Second 2009.10.10 representatives along - Timely remove the waste soil during construction period and they cannot be piled up casually; timely restore the road during environmental round : Forum the construction line. after laying the pipeline. impact assessment. -During pipeline operation, the sewage station should be taken measures against the noise and bed smell to reduce the influence on the surrounding villagers. - During the operation of sewage disposal plant, strengthen the daily maintenance work to ensure the tail water to be discharged after reaching standards, and then reduce the impact of tail water discharging on river. Pan’an 18 persons, village Adopt relevant advices First round : --Strengthen the construction management; reasonably arrange the construction time and avoid the rest time Pan’an Jianshan County 2009.5.8 representatives affected during environmental Forum construction in order to reduce the influence of construction noise to the surrounding villages. Town Wastewater Jianshan by the construction. impact assessment. --Take the dust-controlling measures during construction period in order to reduce the impact of the project construction Collection and subproject to the area ambient air quality. Treatment office ; Second HYEPTC 18 persons, village -The problems put forward in the first forum have been implemented basically and the environmental effects during Adopt relevant advices round : 2010.2.24 representatives affected construction and operation have been reduced to the minimum. during environmental Forum by the construction. -Hope to accelerate the project construction progress, and try to put into operation as soon as possible. impact assessment.
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Method of Feedback of Subproject public Organization Date Participants Major concerns environmental impact consultation assessment -Strengthen the construction management; reasonably arrange the construction time and avoid the rest time construction 22 persons, village Adopt relevant advices First round : in order to reduce the influence of construction noise to the surrounding villages. 2009.9.29 representatives along during environmental Visit Longyou -Take the dust-controlling measures during construction period in order to reduce the impact of the project construction the construction line impact assessment. Longyou Wastewater County to the area ambient air. Collection subproject -Strengthen the construction management; reasonably arrange the construction time and avoid the rest time construction 22 persons, village Adopt relevant advices Second office; HHEC in order to reduce the influence of construction noise to the surrounding villages. 2009.11.9 representatives along during environmental round : Forum -Take the dust-controlling measures during construction period in order to reduce the impact of the project construction the construction line. impact assessment. to the area ambient air. -There may be certain adverse impact on the environment and people living & working during project construction; so strengthen the environmental management during construction period and reasonably arrange the construction time to 8 persons, village avoid the rest time construction and minimize the influence on the nearby people; reasonably arrange the construction Adopt relevant advices First round : 2009.9.12 representatives affected site to avoid affecting the traffic. during environmental Visit by the construction. -Take the dust-controlling measures during construction period in order to reduce the dust impact on the ambient air. impact assessment. Tonglu -Pay much attention to the management of accident discharging caused by broken pipeline during operation, the Tonglu Jiangnan County emergency measures and engineering measures. Town Wastewater subproject Collection office; -There may be certain adverse impact on the environment and people living & working during project construction; so ZHEPC strengthen the environmental management during construction period and reasonably arrange the construction time to 8 persons, village avoid the rest time construction and minimize the influence on the nearby people; reasonably arrange the construction Adopt relevant advices Second 2010.12.8 representatives affected site to avoid affecting the traffic. during environmental round : Forum by the construction. -Take the dust-controlling measures during construction period in order to reduce the dust impact on the ambient air. impact assessment. -Pay much attention to the management of accident discharging caused by broken pipeline during operation, the emergency measures and engineering measures. - The government should strengthen the supervision to ensure the normal operation of the sewage disposal plant; -Ensure the pipeline safe and no leakage; protect the groundwater safety. 22 persons, village Adopt relevant advices First round : 2009.7.13 -Strengthen the construction management and reasonably arrange the construction time; representatives affected during environmental Visit +Forum 2009.12.24 -Ensure the wastewater to be discharged after reaching standards and the discharge port of tail water should be Youbu Town(New Lanxi City by the construction. impact assessment. designed in the middle of the river. District) Wastewater subproject -Strengthen the heavy metal treatment in the waste water. Collection and office ; Treatment HLEEC -Agree the solutions, relevant requirements and proposal from Youbu People’s Government about some environmental 20 persons, village problems discussed in the first forum; Adopt relevant advices Second 2010.01.20 representatives affected -Accept the preliminary results of environmental impact assessment; at the same time, some villagers’ representatives during environmental round : Forum by the construction. participating in the forum also hope the Phase I sewage disposal project in Youbu Town can be implemented as soon as impact assessment. possible. --Strengthen the construction management; reasonably arrange the construction time and avoid the rest time construction in order to reduce the influence of construction noise to the surrounding villages. 71 persons for -Take the dust-controlling measures during construction period in order to reduce the impact of the project construction First round : questionnaire, 21 to the area ambient air. 2009.9.17~ Adopt relevant advices Visit persons for forum, -Strengthen the road management and Pavement maintenance to keep the road operation in a good condition and during environmental +Questionnair village representatives reduce or avoid traffic jam; Lanxi City 2010.01.06 impact assessment. Youbu Old Town e + Forum affected by the - River regulation; pay attention to protect the existing ancient bridge and the surrounding buildings, and take some subproject Infrastructure Project construction. safety measures; office; ZIEPDI -Strengthen the traffic management and perfect the warning signs to avoid traffic jam and the noises caused by brake and start. -During river regulation, pay special attention to the history of ancient bridge to reduce the influence of ancient bridge; 20 persons, village Adopt relevant advices Second take safety measures, prohibit to place the construction waste into the ancient river; 2010.01.20 representatives affected during environmental round : Forum -During repairing the ancient street, reasonably arrange the construction time; prohibit construction in the rest time and by the construction. impact assessment. night construction.
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10.3 INFORMATION DISCLOSURE
According to the regulations of Temporary Method for Public Participation in Environmental impact Assessment, Publicity Method of Environmental Information (trial) and the OP/BP 4.01 Environmental Assessment, BP17.50 Information Publicity of World Bank, this project publicizes the environmental assessment information in the ways including newspapers, and puts the environmental assessment report and environmental management program in places accessible to people for consultation. Such places include each subproject office, the environmental protection bureau of each relevant city, county (district), and each relevant neighborhood (village) committee etc. please see Table 10.3-1 for details.
Table 10.3-1: Information disclosure activities
Name of the Document Date of Disclosure Disclosure Location “Zhuji Daily” Zhuji Water Supply and Distribution EA&EMP 14-Apr-2010 http://www.zhuji.gov.cn “Today Wucheng” Wucheng Water Supply and Distribution EA&EMP 27-Nov-2009 http://www.wuch.gov.cn Xin ‘fan Reservoir Management Office “Today Jiande” Jiande Meicheng Solid Waste Management EA&EMP 19-Apr-2010 http://www.jiande.gov.cn Jiangshan village “Today Jiande” Jiande Wastewater Collection and Treatment EA&EMP 9-Apr-2010 http://www.jiande.gov.cn Xi’shang village “Qujiang Daily” Qujiang Wastewater Collection and Treatment 23-Apr-2010 http:// qj.qz.gov.cn EA&EMP Zhangtan Subdistrict Office “Today Pan’an” Pan’an Wastewater Collection (Yunshan) EA&EMP 16-Apr-2010 http:// www.pays.gov.cn Yunshan Subdistrict Office “Today Pan’an” Pan’an Wastewater Collection(Shenzhe) EA&EMP 19-Apr-2010 http:// www.panan.gov.cn Xin’cheng District Office “Today Pan’an” Pan’an Jianshan Town Wastewater Collection and 14-Apr-2010 http:// www.panan.gov.cn Treatment EA&EMP Lou’zai Village “Today Longyou” Longyou Wastewater Collection EA&EMP 21-Apr-2010 http:// www.longyou.gov.cn Longyou Industrial Park Administrative Committee Office “Today Tonglu” Tonglu Jiangnan Town Wastewater Collecti on 23-Apr-2010 http:// www.tonglu.gov.cn EA&EMP Local PMO “Lanjiang Herald” Youbu Town(New District) Wastewater Collection and 9-Apr-2010 http:// www.lanxi.gov.cn Treatment EA&EMP Youbu public Service Center “Lanjiang Herald” Youbu Old Town Infrastructure Project EA&EMP 9-Apr-2010 http:// www.lanxi.gov.cn Youbu public Service Center
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11. SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANS (EMP)
11.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ORGANISATION he environmental management program (EMP) mainly suggests the corresponding environmental mitigation measures, environmental management, environmental supervisory and environmental monitoring, for avoiding or controlling the possible unfavorable environmental impact during project implement and operation period; specifies the technical demand, cost estimation, implementation schedule, implementation institutions, supervisory institutions as well as the environmental monitoring report mechanism for the implementation of EMP.
The EMP drafts each subproject environmental impact report which is drafted according to relevant state guidance, standards and technical codes. Meanwhile, the independent EMP has been drafted by the environmental assessment unit of each subproject according to the demand of World Bank.
Each subproject has an independent EMP, and is examined and accepted by the people’s government of county and city of where each subproject is located in, and plans to implement it in the project preparation, construction and operation process. This section concludes the major content of EMP of each subproject; also, the mitigation measures etc to various potential unfavorable impacts are suggested in the environmental impact estimation chapter.
For the management institutions, the wastewater or solid treatment in construction period is different from operation period. Among which, the establishment of management institutions for operation period is far longer than the management institutions for construction period.
11.1.1 Environmental Management Institutional Structure
The environmental management organizations involve in the Project construction and operation, their interrelation, their responsibilities and their respective functions are summarized in the table below.
Table 11.1-1: Organizations Involved in Environmental Management
Organizations Responsibilities As a government, for all governing of aspects of provincial life in Hubei, the Hubei Provincial Government is ultimately responsible meeting the Zhejiang Provincial Government environmental discharge reduction targets set by the central government, for the environmental well being and conservation of the province and environmental performance of this project during its implementation As a working group from the provincial government, the PMO is responsible for overall project implementation including its environmental performance.
Zhejiang Provincial Project Management Office Oversee the project implementation by the local (city/county) PMOs Review environmental monitoring reports provided from local PMOs Liaison with the World Bank on safeguard issues Will have one full time staff covering environmental management Zhejiang Environmental Protection Bureau Law, regulations and standards enforcement Environmental Protection Bureaus of the sub- Environmental policy/program implementation projects Set up and enforce discharge standards Provide guidance on environmental matters
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Organizations Responsibilities Review environmental reports Handling environmental emergency Project proponent and executing agency Day to day operation during construction including environmental matters One full time environmental specialist Local PMOs of all subproject cities/counties Prepare contractual requirements and specification for environmental performance for contractors and construction supervision Implement environmental mitigation measures Review and respond with new mitigation as may be necessary to environmental monitoring reports. Responsible for all matters once the subprojects are constructed and in operation Construction, operation unit Engage, review and respond environmental monitoring reports Response to emergency situation including environmental accidents. Conduct environmental monitoring for both construction and operation stages Environmental Monitoring Stations Provide monitoring reports Recommend corrective actions Appoint one to two full time environmental staff for every construction site Contractor Implement construction stage mitigation measures Report regularly environmental performance Will create environmental supervision positions Third party supervision environmental performance of construction sites on Construction supervision daily or regular basis Provide guidance on mitigation measure implementation Prepare environmental performance reports
As the project owner, the Zhejiang Provincial project office and each local subproject office will be finally responsible for the environmental mitigation measures and EMP during the construction period. This project is the 3rd time for the cooperation between the World Bank and Zhejiang Provincial project office for World Bank Loan project. Therefore, the Zhejiang Provincial project office has accumulated rich experience in management of World Bank loan project and rich environmental management experience in the insurance policy of World Bank. Meanwhile, Zhejiang Provincial project office will entrust special environmental consultation unit to be responsible for managing the implementation of contractor on daily environmental protection, keep contacting and communicating with the supervisory institutions, and communicate with the impact people for public complaints.
In addition, the environmental protection personnel of Zhejiang Provincial project office and local subproject office shall also be responsible for ensuring the implementation of environmental assessment report of each subproject and the environmental mitigation measures suggested by EMP. They need to contact closely with the design units, contractors; modify and perfect the suggested environmental mitigation measures according to the project construction and implementation.
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11.1.2 Environmental Management and Supervision 11.1.2.1 Construction Stage
In order to effectively control and minimize environmental pollution resulting from construction activities, the construction site must be assured of an environmental management system including management people and full time environmental persons to ensure mitigation measures designed during EA stage are appropriately implemented. More specifically, the construction stage will: Include environmental protection requirements, mitigation plans and monitoring plan into the bid documents and eventually in the contract; Prepare environmental, sanitary measures by contractors and implemented other mitigation measures identified and described in the EA reports; Request construction supervision to have at least one full time environmental supervision engineer Request contractors to have full time environmental staff at the site; Explain to the affected residents potential impacts through public notice and information release; and Continue public consultation through hotline telephone, bill boards at the construction site.
Contractor management is the most critical part for environmental management during construction. All mitigation measures, environmental organizations and staffing requirements, monitoring and training requirements, as they may be related to contractors will be included in the contractor bid documents so that the contractors are well aware of the environmental requirements before they attempt to work in this project. Also, the incorporation of the environmental requirements in the bid documents will ensure that relevant costs, if any, for mitigation measures and other environmental control and management will be included in the bids. This would guarantee the expenses needed for implementing the mitigation measures during construction.
Furthermore, contractor supervision, on a daily basis, is another critical measure for ensuring environmental management at the construction sites. Besides request for environmental staff in every construction site, the PMOs would request environmental engineers in every construction supervision companies engaged by the PMOs. Construction supervision is mandatory in China and currently construction supervision is mostly concentrated in construction quality, schedule and budget control. As construction supervision is a third independent party and is on site full time, it would be good approach to use construction supervision companies for construction time environmental management. The environmental supervision engineers will be responsible for daily or on a regular basis site inspection with regard to mitigation measure implementation and environmental performance at construction sites. The supervision engineers will be reporting to PMOs including reports of and recommendations on environmental performance on construction sites. 11.1.2.2 Operation stage
Environmental management during operation is a long term effort, which requires well structured environmental management system, and on which to further build supervision, monitoring and management procedures. The environmental monitoring will be an effective tool to determine the environmental performance but preventive will also be needed such as proper maintenance. During the operation, the project operator will work closely with city and provincial EPBs on city environmental programs such as motor vehicle emission control strategy, vehicle inspection and forced retirement plan etc.
In particular, the some project elements will last a long time and operation could have potentially significant impacts to the environment and communities. For example, Meicheng landfill would have life spans of 12-15 years. Even after landfill closure, there will be a long term need for environmental particularly groundwater monitoring. Several cities/counties have dump site closure components. This requires long term monitoring and management as well. This EMP has prepared the annual costs and encouraged the governments and project owners to continue the same monitoring program and management plan after Bank project is closed.
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11.1.2.3 Continued Public Consultation
It is very important that public consultation and communications will continue throughout the project construction stage. The objective is to inform the public of construction activities to gain their understanding and support, and to listen and respond to any concerns they may have and suggestions for mitigation. For example, contractors will be requested to inform and discuss with affected communities prior to construction activities which could result in high noise. The public opinions and concerns will be taken to full considerations for properly scheduling noise construction activities
A billboard will be erected in every construction site. This board will briefly explain the activities on this site, and indicates specifically that public concerns and opinions on the environment will be welcome. To ensure public concerns, if any, can be received properly and timely, the board will include specific contact information such as telephone numbers, email address where possible, and contact persons, which will be the head and environmental staff of the contractors on that particular site.
Public notice will also be issued in media during the operation stage to inform of the public with contact information so that they can express their concerns and opinions, if any, on environmental impacts of Hubei Han River Environmental Improvement project operations. In particular, the landfill operations could have high potential impacts to the surrounding environment and groundwater. Current assessment, with regard to buffer zones, etc. may or may not be accurate. Furthermore consultation is important to learn the project operation impacts to the surrounding communities once the landfills and WWTPs are in operations. Additional mitigation may be taken if needed in response to the future public consultation during the project operation stage. Besides active approach to the project affected people, telephone numbers and contact persons will be provided. At this stage, the contact information will be those of that of the road operating company. 11.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN
A two tier monitoring program has been developed for this project: daily and regular monitoring, to be carried out by contractors and construction supervision companies and periodical compliance monitoring by professional monitoring stations. Environmental staff from contractors and construction supervision companies will be trained prior to the start of construction for the monitoring which will include mostly : visual monitoring of air borne dust surface runoff storage and disposal of construction waste traffic impacts construction safety issues.
Hand-hold noise meters will be used to monitor the noise levels at sensitive receptors during construction. The objective of this daily monitoring program is to identify environmental issues at the same time as the construction activities on these sites to that appropriate mitigation actions, if needed, can be initiated and implemented timely to minimize the impacts. This monitoring while not perfect, is important as it does provide a daily monitoring of environmental performance and allow prompt corrective actions should any of the construction activities cause significant impacts beyond the prediction of the EIA or ineffective mitigation measures currently proposed.
At the same time, in additional to the daily monitoring by contractors and construction supervision companies, a formal environmental monitoring program will also be carried out during the construction, as well as operation phase. This program will be conducted by professional with main objective to provide official records on environmental and regulatory compliance status.
The purpose of environmental monitoring is to understand the status of pollutants discharge and the impact during the construction and operation period to ensure that the mitigation measures could be taken and the impact would be minimized. At the same time, based on findings of analysis of monitoring data, the project management policies should be worked out and used for decision making.
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Management institution: local EPB and construction bureau Monitoring institution: The monitoring work of pollution source inside the WWTP plant and the landfill is done by laboratory. Local environmental monitoring station is in charge of the work outside the plant. The WWTP should cooperate actively.
11.2.1 Environmental monitoring for WWTP
The environmental monitoring plan is dealing with several items as ambient air, noise and water. Not only during operation period, impacts can also be created during the construction phase, thus the environmental monitoring includes both stages.
Table11.2-1 is presenting per item and period the parameters monitored, their location and the corresponding cost, detailed by project and the total cost. It also includes the frequency of the measurement. Table 11.2-1: Monitoring plan for wastewater components Phase Category Item Construction Operation Source of Pollution Air-borne dust Odour
Parameters TSP NH3-N, H2S Ambient Air Quality Standard(GB3095- Applicable Standards Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-1996) 1996) around the boundary of the pump station, the residential area along the pipeline route, the Jiande WWTP sewage disposal plant, and at the residential area near the sewage disposal plant residential area nearest to it around the boundary of the pump station, Quzhou the residential area along the pipeline route, the sewage disposal plant, and at the WWTP residential area near the sewage disposal plant residential area nearest to it Pan’an At the residential areas along the pipeline in Around the boundary of sewage pump Sewage Project Yunshan, Shenze blocks station Longyou Monitoring Chengbei Fengjikun Village Fengjikun Village Ambie point Project nt Air location Tonglu Jiangnan Town around the boundary of the pump stations around the boundary of the pump stations Sewage Project Lanxi City residential area along the pipeline route, 1 residential area along the pipeline route, 1 in the Youbu in the residential area near the sewage residential area near the sewage disposal plant WWTP disposal plant Pan’an County residential area along the pipeline route, 1 residential area along the pipeline route, 1 in the Jianshan in the residential area near the sewage residential area near the sewage disposal plant WWTP disposal plant Frequency Once every two months (6 times/y) Once every two months (6 times/y) Responsible Agency Contractor Operator Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Monitoring Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Supervision Agency Station Monitoring Station Total Cost (RMB/year) 38700 68475
Noise Sources Construction activities (trucks, bulldozers) Operation activities (compactor, excavator)
Parameters LAeq(dB) LAeq(dB) Standard for Urban Area Noise,(GB3096- Standard for Urban Area Noise, (GB3096-2008) 2008) Applicable Standards Emisson standard for industrial enterprises Noise limits for construction site (GB12523-90) noise at boundary,( GB 12348-2008) Monitoring around the construction site and in the residential The pump station, around the boundary of point Jiande WWTP area along the pipeline construction route, ea near sewage disposal plant, and in the location the sewage disposal plant residential area nearest to it around the construction site and in the residential The pump station, around the boundary of Quzhou area along the pipeline construction route, ea near sewage disposal plant, and in the WWTP the sewage disposal plant residential area nearest to it
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Phase Category Item Construction Operation Pan’an around the boundary of construction site, in the Around the boundary of sewage pump Sewage Project residential area along the pipeline route station around the boundary of construction site, and in Longyou Yebaotang Village, Xiangjia Village, Hulong Yebaotang Village, Xiangjia Village, Hulong Chengbei Village, Yudalong Village, Waiyishan Village Village, Yudalong Village, Waiyishan Village and Project and Fengjikun Village Fengjikun Village Tonglu around the boundary of construction site, in the Around the boundary of sewage pump Jiangnan Town residential area along the pipeline route station Sewage Project Lanxi City around the boundary of construction site, in the Around the boundary of Youbu residential area along the pipeline route,the sewage disposal plant, and in the WWTP residential area near the sewage disposal plant residential area nearest to it Pan’an County around the boundary of construction site, in the The pump station, around the boundary of Jianshan residential area along the pipeline route, the sewage disposal plant, and in the WWTP residential area near the sewage disposal plant residential area nearest to it Frequency Once every two months (6 times/y) Once every two months (6 times/y) Responsible Agency Contractor Operator Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Monitoring Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Supervision Agency Station Monitoring Station Cost (RMB/year) 71550 71550 Source of pollution Wastewater and solid wastes from construction site Drainage water pH, BOD, COD, NH3-N, TP, faecal Parameters pH, COD, NH3-N，SS, Oil coliforms Environmental Standard for Surface Water Quality Environmental Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002) Class IV for Quality (GB3838-2002) Class IV for Applicable Standard Standard for Wastewater Discharging into Urban Standard for Wastewater Discharging into Sewers (CJ3082-1999) Urban Sewers (CJ3082-1999) Intersection section of sewage disposal Jiande WWTP at the upper, lower reaches of Xin’an River plant tail water outfall and lower reaches Quzhou Intersection section of sewage disposal at the upper, lower reaches of Qujiang River WWTP plant tail water outfall and lower reaches Pan’an at the upper, lower reaches of An’wen Creek － Sewage Project Longyou Surfac ntersection section of sewage disposal plant Chengbei at Shijiabu, Xiatong and Zhengjia respectively e Monitoring tail water outfall Project Water point location Tonglu Jiangnan Town at the upper, lower reaches of Fuchun River r － Sewage Project Lanxi City at sewage disposal plant tail water outfall, Youbu at Yanggang, Hengshan, Ximen Dock Hengshan respectively WWTP Pan’an County at the upper, lower reaches of Xiajia Creek at sewage disposal plant tail water outfall, Jianshan respectively intersection section of lower reaches WWTP Frequency Once every two months (6 times/y) Once every three months (4 times/y) Responsible Agency Contractor Operator Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Monitoring Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Supervision Agency Station Monitoring Station Cost (RMB/year) 54600 16200
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ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN FOR SLUDGE
Much concern about solid wastes generated in WWTP is focussing on excess sludge produced in large amounts during the daily operation of the treatment process. Based on the FSR and the EIA, in each project of the ZSTEP, sludge, being dewatered, will be transferred to landfill site. Partly due to the fact that industrial wastewater is allowed to be accepted, which may incur toxics, depending on characteristics of the local industrial sector, monitoring plan for sludge is necessary though landfills will accept it. Parameters of sludge disposal are mainly heavy metals. The monitoring results of sludge should be gathered for analysis, and be kept for record.
Table 11.2-2: Monitoring Plan for Sludge Disposal
Items Operational period Monitoring parameters Total Hg, total Pb, total Cd, total As, total Cr Quality and discharge Discharge standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plant (GB 18918-2002); standard Control standard for pollutants in sludge from agricultural use (GB 4284-84) Applied standards Total Cd: AA spectro-photometry (GB/T17141-1997); total Pb: AA spectro-photometry Measurement method (GB/T17141-1997); total Hg: (GB/T17136-1997); total As: spectro-photometry (17135-1997); standard total Cr: flame AA spectro-photometry ( GB/T17137-1997) Monitoring points Sludge treatment section of WWTP Monitoring frequency 4 times per year Cost (RMB/year) 3200
11.2.2 Environmental Monitoring Plan for water supply project
The environmental impact of water supply project is smaller than that of the sewage disposal project by comparison; therefore, the environmental monitoring program of the water supply project is mainly for monitoring the environmental air, noise and water etc. The caused environmental impact mainly includes the construction and operation periods, so, environmental monitoring shall be considered for both construction and operation periods.
See Table 11.2-3 for details of the environmental monitoring program of water supply subproject.
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Table 11.2-3: Monitoring Plan for Water supply Project
Phase Category Item Construction Operation Source of Pollution Air-borne dust Odour
Parameters TSP Fume/ Cl2 Emission standard of cooking fume (trial) Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095- Applicable Standards (GB18483-2001)/ Hygienic standards for the 1996) Design of Industrial Enterprises (TJ36－79) Zhuji City At fume waste gas outfall/ around the plant along the route of pipeline construction Qingshan WS boundary Ambient Monitoring Air point location Wucheng District along the route of pipeline construction One/ around the plant boundary Tangxi WS Frequency Once every two months (6 times/y) Once every two months (6 times/y) Responsible Agency contractor operator Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Supervision Agency Monitoring Station Monitoring Station Total Cost (RMB/year) 7200 8850 Sources Construction activities (trucks, bulldozers) Operation activities (compactor, excavator)
Parameters LAeq(dB) LAeq(dB) Standard for Urban Area Noise, (GB3096- Standard for Urban Area Noise,(GB3096- 2008) 2008) Applicable Standards Noise limits for construction site (GB12523- Emisson standard for industrial enterprises 90) noise at boundary,( GB 12348-2008) Zhuji City around the boundary of construction site, Around the plant boundary Noise Qingshan WS along the pipeline construction route Monitoring Wucheng point location around the boundary of construction site, District Around the plant boundary along the pipeline construction route Tangxi WS Frequency Once every two months (6 times/y) Once every two months (6 times/y) Responsible Agency contractor operator Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Supervision Agency Monitoring Station Monitoring Station Cost (RMB/year) 13500 16200 Wastewater and solid wastes from Source of pollution Drainage water construction site Parameters pH, COD, NH3-N，SS, Oil pH, BOD, COD, NH3-N, TP, faecal coliforms Environmental Standard for Surface Water Environmental Standard for Surface Water Quality (GB3838-2002) Class IV for Quality (GB3838-2002) Class IV for Applicable Standard Standard for Wastewater Discharging into Standard for Wastewater Discharging into Urban Sewers (CJ3082-1999) Urban Sewers (CJ3082-1999) Zhuji City at Wuxie River in Qingshan Reservoir / sewage outfall Qingshan WS lower reaches Surface Monitoring Water Wucheng point location at Xinfan Creek in District Xinfan Reservoir / sewage outfall lower reaches Tangxi WS Frequency Once every two months (6 times/y) Once every two months (6 times/y) Responsible Agency contractor operator
Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Supervision Agency Monitoring Station Monitoring Station Cost (RMB/year) 3900 7200
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11.2.3 Environmental Monitoring Plan for sanitary landfill
As well as for the wastewater component EMP, the environmental monitoring plan for sanitary landfill includes the same item (ambient air, noise and groundwater). If for the operation period, frequency and parameters are different from the WW components, they are nearly the same for the construction as described in the table below.
One of the main difference is the groundwater monitoring that is not done for the WWTP component. The environmental impact on the groundwater mainly refers to the potential leakage of leachate from the projected landfill sites, careful monitoring of groundwater is planned for each landfill; also taken into consideration are the old garbage dumps in the case of their closure.
Table 11.2-4: Monitoring Plan for solid waste components
Phase Category Item Construction Operation Source of Pollution Air-borne dust Odour
Parameters TSP TSP, H2S, NH3 Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095- Ambient Air Quality Standard（GB3095- 1996) 1996） Applicable Standards Emission Standard for Odour Pollutants -- (GB14554-1993) Ambient Monitoring Air Jiande City point operation area and the nearest village operation area and the nearest village Meicheng location Frequency Once every two months (6 times/y) Once every two months (6 times/y) Supervision Agency contractor operator Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Supervision Agency Monitoring Station Monitoring Station Cost (RMB/year) 1800 13650 Sources Construction activities Operation activities Parameters LAeq(dB) LAeq(dB) Standard for Urban Area Noise, Standard for Urban Area Noise, (GB3096- (GB3096-2008) 2008) Applicable Standards Noise Limits for Construction Site Emisson standard for industrial enterprises (GB12523-1990) noise at boundary,( GB 12348-2008) Noise Monitoring Jiande City point at construction site boundary at site boundary Meicheng location Frequency 6 times a year randomly 6 times a year randomly Responsible Agency contractor operator Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Supervision Agency Monitoring Station Monitoring Station Cost (RMB/year) 5400 1800 Surface Source of pollution Wastewater from construction site Stormwater from road surface Water / Parameters pH, COD, SS, oil pH, COD, SS, oil Ground Environmental Standard for Surface water Standard Ground Water Quality (GB/T14848- Water Quality (GB3838-2002) Class IV 93) ClassⅢ Applicable Standard for Fushun Standard for Wastewater Discharging Standard for Wastewater Discharging into into Urban Sewers (CJ3082-1999) Urban Sewers (CJ3082-1999) Number of monitoring point - 5 monitoring wells
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Phase Category Item Construction Operation
Monitoring Jiande City point Proposed construction site well around landfill ,and inside landfill Meicheng location Frequency Once every two months Once every two months Responsible Agency contractor operator Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Supervision Agency Monitoring Station Monitoring Station Cost (RMB/year) 1950 11700 Twice a month, only during summertime (July Frequency - and August) Number of monitoring points - 5 points located within the landfill site Flies and location density Responsible Agency - operator Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Supervision Agency - Monitoring Station Cost (RMB/year) - 600
Table 11.2-5: Monitoring plan for the old dump once closed
Category Item Closure of old dump site Source of Pollution Odour
Parameters CH4,H2S,NH3
Applicable Standards Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-1996） Xiaya Landfill boundary Monitoring Jiuwu Landfill boundary Landfill gas point location Yangchunqiao Landfill boundary Frequency Once every two months Responsible Agency operator Supervision Agency Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Monitoring Station Cost (RMB/year) 6750 (2,250 for each project) Sources Landfill leachate Parameters pH, Hg, As, Pb, TN, Cr Applicable Standards Standard Ground Water Quality (GB/T14848-93) Class Ⅲ Xiaya Downstream of groundwater of Xiaya old dump. Monitoring Jiuwu Downstream of groundwater of Jiuwu old dump Groundwater point location Yangchunqiao Downstream of groundwater of Yangchunqiao old dump Frequency Once every two months Responsible Agency operator Supervision Agency Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Monitoring Station Cost (RMB/year) 7200 (2,400 for each project)
11.2.4 Environmental Monitoring Plan for old town infrastructure
The environmental monitoring program for construction project of Youbu Town old town infrastructure mainly includes environmental air, noise and surface water etc. See Table 11.2-6 for details of the specific monitoring program.
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Table 11.2-6: Monitoring Plan for old town infrastructure components Phase Category Item Construction Operation Source of Pollution Air-borne dust Motor vehicle tail gas Parameters TSP CO、NO2、PM10 Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095- Ambient Air Quality Standard(GB3095-1996) 1996) Applicable Standards Limits and measurement methods for -- emissions from light-duty vehicles (Ⅰ)GB18352.1-2001 Ambient Air Monitoring point Youbu Town operation area and the nearest village the nearest village(Youhuo Community) location Frequency Once every two months (6 times/y) Once every two months (6 times/y) Supervision Agency contractor operator Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Supervision Agency Monitoring Station Monitoring Station Cost (RMB/year) 2250 3900 Sources Construction activities Operation activities Parameters LAeq(dB) LAeq(dB) Standard for Urban Area Noise, Standard for Urban Area Noise, (GB3096- (GB3096-2008) 2008) Applicable Standards Noise Limits for Construction Site - (GB12523-1990) Monitoring point Youbu Town at construction site boundary the nearest village(Youhuo Community) location Noise Frequency 6 times a year randomly 6 times a year randomly Responsible Agency contractor operator Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Supervision Agency Monitoring Station Monitoring Station Cost (RMB/year) Frequency Once every two months Once every two months Responsible Agency contractor operator Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Supervision Agency Monitoring Station Monitoring Station Cost (RMB/year) 8100 5400 Sources Mechanical vibration - Parameters VLz(dB) - Standard of vibration in urban area - environment(GB10070-88) Applicable Standards Measurement method of environmental
vibration of urban area(GB 10071-88) Construction Near to ancient buildings of Zhongshan Vibration Monitoring point location Street, Jiefang Street, and Old Bridge - set 1 point each Frequency Once every two months - Responsible Agency contractor - Local EPB, Loacl PMO,Environmental Supervision Agency - Monitoring Station Cost (RMB/year) 975 -
11.2.5 Environmental monitoring budget
The environmental monitoring program budget during construction and during operation period is summarized in the table below for each sub-project.
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Table 11.2-7: Environmental monitoring budget
Cost of environmental monitoring Cost of environmental monitoring Project composition in construction period in operation period (Yuan/year) (Yuan/year) Sewage subproject Jiande Wastewater Collection and Treatment, Qujiang Environmental Environmental 38700 68475 Wastewater Collection and Treatment, Pan’an air air Wastewater Collection (Yunshan), Pan’an Wastewater Noise 71550 Noise 71550 Collection(Shenzhe), Pan’an Jianshan Town Wastewater Collection and Treatment, Longyou Wastewater Surface water 54600 Surface water 16200 Collection, Tonglu Jiangnan Town Wastewater Collection, Youbu Town(New District) Wastewater Sludge 12800 Collection and Treatment Subtotal 164850 169025 Water supply subproject
Environmental Environmental 7200 8850 air air Zhuji Water Supply and Distribution, Wucheng Water Supply and Distribution Noise 13500 Noise 16200 Surface water 3900 Surface water 7200 Subtotal 24600 32250 Solid waste treatment subproject Environmental Environmental 1800 13650 air air
Jiande Meicheng Solid Waste Management Noise 5400 Noise 1800 Surface water 1950 Groundwater 11700 Fly density 600 Subtotal 9150 27750 Infrastructure construction project Environmental Environmental 2250 3900 air air
Youbu Old Town Infrastructure Project Noise 8100 Noise 5400 Surface water 9750 Surface water - 975 Subtotal 21075 9300 Total 219675 238325
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11.3 TRAINING PROGRAM
11.3.1 Monitoring institutional strengthening
Qualified staff are required for the environmental monitoring section of each WWTP and landfill, the employees at the laboratory should have intensive training. Training subjects may cover techniques of in situ water sampling and air quality sampling. The monitoring analytical methods shall be in accordance with the relevant national standards, and the analysis process is strictly controlled by the environmental engineer in quality control system. The regular items are conducted at the plant under the instruction given by local EMS in compliance with the requirements of monitoring technical standard. A set of regulations and methods for pollution monitoring, which has been formulated by the environmental monitoring centres both at national and provincial levels, is provided at local EMS.
The program in institutional capacity building training may also include: Review of World Bank safeguards and EPB guidelines; Detailed review of environmental specifications based on the EMP, a detailed review of each specification will lead to the understanding of monitoring needs; Training on the monitoring process - organization, communication, roles and responsibilities, decision process, reporting, standardization of observations.
11.3.2 Staff training plan
Wastewater treatment and landfill schemes are important environmental protection projects and gain the support of the WB. The environmental protection should be consistent with international standards to get improvements in the regional environment during and after construction of the project. In order to ensure successful construction and operation of this project, the staff should have strong environmental protection knowledge and skills. These staff engaging in management of WWTP and landfill and in construction will receive intensive training so that the environmental protection measures can be carried out successfully.
Personnel training will be provided in different stages of project implementation. At the construction stage, heads and environmental staff from winning contractors and construction supervision companies will be requested to participate in a mandatory environmental training program. This request will be included in the construction tendering documents to be issued to the pre-qualified bidders who will be invited to bid. The training program will consist of six half a day sessions. The key elements of the training program are described as follows:
Trainees: one senior management and one site environmental staff from each of the contractors one senior management and the site environmental supervision engineers from each of the construction supervision companies. Leaders and environmental staff of city/county PMOs. Other local government officials and project management organizations Trainers Environmental consultants Local university and college professors EPB officials/experts Other specialists such as cultural property specialists, etc. Time After the contractor and construction supervision selection but before the construction starts
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Mandatory
Durations Six sessions one for one half of one day, totally three days continuous.
Training contents Session One: Relevant environmental regulations, policies, standards and programs particularly those relevant the project activities Session Two: Environmental impact assessment results of this project particularly construction phase environmental impacts and the relevant proposed mitigation measures to be implemented by contractors; preventive environmental protection and impact control measures Session Three: Chance finds handling procedures and identification of cultural relics Session Four: Environmental monitoring and supervision requirements; (methodology described below) Session Five: Safety and health impact and management, construction camp management; environmental emergency handling and response and cleanup. Session Six: Reporting procedures, format, frequency and responding
Budget Each six session training program will cost at estimated RMB 35,000, covering professional fees of trainers, conference room rental and miscellaneous conference expenses. The county/city may combine the training sessions, subject to construction starting time, locations, number of contractors and construction supervision companies and other factors.
For operation stage, environmental staff from the wastewater treatment plant operation companies, sanitation bureaus and relevant government organizations which oversee and supervise the road operations will be provided the training. The training programs will be primarily provided by professional environmental staff or in local universities.
11.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT OF EMERGENCY
There are two types of accident in WWTPs, one is the wastewater cannot be treated completely. In this case the quality of effluent is the same as that of influent. This case seldom happens. The other type occurs in the biological reactor after the physical process, e.g., sludge bulking. The effluent would then be treated to only 30 to 50 percent of the design.
Sewer network accidents occur due to sewer pipe bursts or pump station power-downs, resulting in surface water and groundwater being polluted by outflows. Timely repairs should be carried out to reduce the accident discharge.
There are two types of emergencies in landfill, one is the leachate leakage due to failure of the lining system, e.g., liner breakage, and the other is the explosion of LFG. TIMELY CONTROL OF ACCIDENTAL DISCHARGE
When a major incident takes place, the principal leaders should organize related staff to deal with the incident and report to the relevant municipality (EPB or urban construction department) in a timely manner in order to implement a coordinated action to resolve problems and minimize the harm and loss incurred.
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INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS AFTER INCIDENTS
After an incident, an investigation should be undertaken immediately to determine the trigger. The investigation and analysis report should be kept in the filing room and submitted to the concerned departments to trace the responsibility. EMERGENCY RESPONSE AGENCY
An incident emergency agency, which is prepared by the heads of each WWTP or landfill, should be set up beforehand. The list of members (with names and contact detail) should be disclosed to the public. The responsibility should be broken down clearly. The agency should prepare technical plan in advance, keep adequate emergency materials and liaison, to provide precaution measures against any potential incidents.
11.5 EMP IMPLEMENTATION BUDGET
Costs related to the Contractors’ obligations to apply best environmental management practices in construction activities, as required by the EMP and the tender documentation, will be considered as already included in the unit costs provided in the Bills of Quantities (BoQs). Costs related to mitigation measures for the construction phase will be borne by contractors while mitigation and monitoring costs during the operation phase will be borne by Implementing Agencies (IAs).
During construction and operation, ambient monitoring is a part of EPBs activities and as such, will be borne by these agencies. However, any specific request for water, air and noise monitoring to be performed by the EPBs will be borne by the concerned IA.
Internal monitoring costs will be borne by the IAs, construction contractors and CSCs during the construction phase, and by the IAs during the operation phase. Before implementing the monitoring plan, responsible agencies will present a further detailed breakdown of the estimated budget. During project implementation, the budgets will be adjusted based on actual requirements.
Mitigation measures and EMP implementation budget are detailed in EMP tables presented in Appendix III.
11.6 EMP IMPLEMENTATION REPORTING ARRANGEMENT
11.6.1 Information Exchange
It is required that there must be information exchanges between different departments and posts within the organization of environmental management. Meanwhile relevant information publicizing shall be made to the outside (relevant parties, social public etc.).
Internal information exchange can take place by means of meetings, internal brief reports etc. but one monthly formal meeting is necessary and all the exchanged information shall be recorded and filed.
External information exchanges are made every half a year or annually, and the information exchanged with the coordinating units must be recorded and filed.
11.6.2 Recording
For the effective running of the environment management system, a complete recording system must be established and the following records shall be retained:
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requirements of laws and regulations, and discharge permissions; environmental factors and relevant environmental effects; monitoring lab QC - examination, checkout and verifying, and maintaining activities; monitoring data; effectiveness of correcting and preventing measures; inspection of related administrative department;
Besides, the necessary control is imperative on the above stated records, including: tracking codes, collections, cataloguing, filing, storing, managing, maintaining, retaining time limit, treatment etc.
11.6.3 Reporting
Environmental monitoring data have high values in environmental management, pollution control, adverse impact mitigation and determination of regulatory compliance. The data will demonstrate whether the actual environmental performance and environmental impacts will be as predicted by the EA which will also provide basis for appropriate and necessary actions. More specifically, the environmental monitoring reports will contain: Raw data (indicators, monitoring location, monitoring/sample collection time, statistics, environmental quality analysis and recommendations for further actions where needed; Reporting frequency: once every three months for a quarterly report and once a year for comprehensive reports, which will include the results from the quarterly reports for the year; Reporting to: local EPBs, local PMOs and provincial PMO.
The reports will be reviewed by the environmental staff of the provincial PMO as well as the regulatory authorities and the World Bank. It is the PO’s responsibility to respond to the reports, particularly if the reports identify adverse impacts unexpected by the project EA or impacts which exceed acceptable levels. Provincial PMO will take prompt actions including additional mitigation measures to address the newly identified issues so that impacts can be controlled.
In addition, based on the monitoring and supervision results, an annual environmental management performance and monitoring report will be prepared in English during the course of project construction for Bank submission. This report will summarize: the environmental monitoring results key environmental issues identified during the reporting period, corrective actions if any general project progress (length of network laying, construction progress of water purification plant…) and major project activities the implementing situation of training plan recommendations on actions for environmental management as may be needed for the next reporting period in case of complaints, recording the main complaining contents, solutions and the satisfying degree of the public;
A reporting period will be a calendar year and the semi-annual environmental monitoring report will be submitted to the Bank.
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12. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
12.1 PROJECT JUSTIFICATION
The Qiantang River is the biggest river in Zhejiang Province, the valley area is 36.2% of the total area of Zhejiang Province, with a population accounts for 32%, so it is the “mother river” of people in Zhejiang. Most of the area in this valley is with an average annual rainfall of over 1,500mm, and praised as the “Capital of silk”, “Land of fish and rice”, “Country of cultural relics” and “Place of tourism”.
The Qiantang River Basin is inside the center of Yangtze Delta Economic Zone, located between the developed coastal areas of Zhejiang Province and the underdeveloped areas of He’nan Province, Jiangxi Province; the industrial production is medium. In the Qiantang River Basin, the major industries are machinery, electrics, metallurgy, textile, paper making, chemical industry, electronics, food and aquaculture etc. In 2008, the GDP of all the cities and counties in this valley was accounted for 35.3% of that of the Zhejiang Province.
The general goal for the water pollution control “11th five-year plan” of Qiantang River Basin is to control comprehensively the key areas, key industries and enterprises in the Qiantang River Basin; control the total discharge volume of pollutants, strengthen the environmental law enforcement and supervision, and implement a group of key environmental protection and ecological construction projects in steps with plan; build an automatic monitoring network for the centralized sewage, domestic waste disposal facilities of the cities and counties along the river and the environmental quality as well as key pollution source; the total investment needed for the environmental protection engineering planned in the water pollution control “11th five-year plan” of Qiantang River Basin is 16,581,360,000 Yuan.
Since 2008, Zhejiang Province started a new round of “811” new three-year environmental protection action, to ensure the completion of goals specified in the environmental protection “11th five-year plan”, and generally solve the major environmental pollution in the places, and keep its environmental protection capacity construction, ecological environmental quality top in China.
The general goal of this project is to help the small cities in Qiantang River Basin to improve the municipal environmental infrastructure, take appropriate collection, disposal or treatment measures to serve for the continuous sewage, water supply and solid waste treatment of small cities. Establish a series of “model projects” which can be copied to other areas in Zhejiang Province by filling the tangible investment and combining a specified institution and department reform agenda.
12.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND BENEFITS
T Each subproject will cause certain temporary impact in the construction period, but such impact can be mitigated by appropriate measures. Among which, the major negative impacts include: Land acquisition and resettlement; Causing certain environmental impact on the residents near the waste landfill site, including the odor, noise, visual, air pollution and environmental hygiene, groundwater etc. The odor impact of sewage disposal plant and secondary pollution caused by improper sludge treatment. The environmental risk caused by improper treatment of waste landfill leachate. Among which, the most significant environmental risk is the pollution of groundwater by leachate; the waste leachate be discharged directly into the water without disposal and the landfill gas in the landfill site explodes.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 162 12. Conclusions and Recommendations
The pollutant discharge volume will be reduced by collecting the wastewater of Jiande City, Qujiang District of Quzhou City, Pan’an County, Longyou County, Tonglu County and Lanxi City and constructing the sewage disposal plants; thus reduces the pollution load of Qiantang River, which is beneficial to the further improvement of water quality of the Qiantang River.
12.3 SUGGESTIONS
According to the Water Pollution Control “11th five-year plan” of Qiantang River Basin, the total COD discharge volume of Qiantang River Basin in 2005 was about 320,000t, mostly from the industrial pollution and domestic pollution, their contribution proportions were 41.91% and 41.11% respectively; the total discharge volume of NH4-N was about 68,000t, mostly from the agricultural pollution and domestic pollution, and their contribution proportions were 62.86% and 24.01% respectively.
According to the Almanac of Municipal Construction Statistics in Zhejiang (2008), the total sewage discharge volume of cities in Qiantang River Basin in 2008 was 2,482,250,000m3, the sewage disposal ratio was 73.12%, among which, the municipal sewage disposal rate was 75.10%, the sewage disposal rate of counties was only 63.11%. Obviously, the sewage disposal rate of small cities was low, and the casual sewage discharge of small cities became the key point of municipal pollution.
In conclusion, in order to improve further the surface water environmental quality in the Qiantang River Basin, when controlling the domestic sewage, domestic waste of small cities in the Qiantang River Basin, a comprehensive valley pollution control is suggested to the following aspects: The surface source pollution in the Qiantang River Basin shall be controlled, especially the NH3-N pollutant; reliable pollution control measures shall be considered from the aspect of agricultural surface source pollution, such as the agricultural surface source pollution control and rural animal and aquaculture pollution control etc. Provide technical assistance to the operation management of sewage disposal and waste treatment in the small cities within the valley, thus ensure the reliable, effective operation of the environmental pollution control facilities (sewage disposal plant, waste landfill) in the Qiantang River Basin.
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APPENDIX
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Appendix Ⅰ:
Project Maps
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Fig.1 Administrative Map of Zhejiang Province Fig.2 Location of all sub-project
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Fig.3-1 Location of Zhuji Water Supply and Distribution
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Fig.3-2 Location of Wucheng Water Supply and Distribution
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Fig.3-3 Location of Jiande Meicheng Solid Waste Management
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Fig.3-4 Location of Jiande Wastewater Collection and Treatment
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Fig.3-5 Location of Jiande Wastewater Collection and Treatment
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Fig.3-6 Location of Pan’an Wastewater Collection (Yunshan & Shenzhe)
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Fig.3-7 Location of Pan’an Jianshan Town Wastewater Collection and Treatment
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Fig.3-8 Location of Pan’an Jianshan Town Wastewater Collection and Treatment
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Fig.3-9 Location of Tonglu Jiangnan Town Wastewater Collection
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Fig.3-10 Location of Youbu Town(New District) Wastewater Collection and Treatment & Youbu Old Town Infrastructure Project
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Appendix Ⅱ:
EMP tables and budget
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EMP of Water Supply Component Monitoring Potential Implementation Budget (RMB, Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Mitigation measures indicators/ impacts/issues schedule 10,000 Yuan) implementation supervision frequency parameters Zhuji Water Supply and Distribution
Construction period -Strengthen the management, construct with civilization; remove the soil on the vehicles before they leave the construction site; the vehicles for transporting lime, sand and gravel, cement, fly ash etc which easily cause dust shall be covered with canvas. Zhuji City subproject -Pay attention to the dust pollution in the construction, In strong wind or dry office, Supervision unit, Dust Construction period 6.0 Contractor TSP 1 time/ 2 months weather,the construction site shall be cleaned regularly, spray water for 4-5 local EPB, local times a day. monitoring station -For the temporary, sporadic cement mixing areas, shall be apart from residence as far as possible upon location selection. -Regular monitoring. - Use low-noise equipment. - Reasonably arrange the construction time and prohibit night construction. Zhuji City subproject Construction noise Construction period 6.0 Contractor LeqdB(A) 1 time/ 2 months -Temporary sound barrier shall be set: If there is a residential area within office, Supervision unit, 100m in the area having the high noise equipment, a sound barrier shall be local EPB, local set temporarily to reduce the noise pollution. monitoring station -The soil clean up and transport waste disposal plan should report to Zhuji City Construction Bureau; -Waste soil and construction waste shall be filled into the designated places according to the municipal and planning department; Zhuji City subproject Spoil & Building Spoil & Building waste Construction period 1.0 Contractor Daily supervision - The abandoned sand, building materials, steel, packaging materials, etc office, Supervision unit waste during construction shall be managed and recycled by the specially-assigned personnel; the working surfaces shall be cleaned timely without lasting problems. Zhuji City subproject Garbage -Set garbage bins, and transport to the Zhuji City Landfill. Construction period 1.0 Contractor Garbage Daily supervision office, Supervision unit
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Monitoring Potential Implementation Budget (RMB, Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Mitigation measures indicators/ impacts/issues schedule 10,000 Yuan) implementation supervision frequency parameters
-Construction excavation shall avoid rainy season; -Drawing soil from farmland is forbidden, the soil drawing site shall be approved by relevant departments such as planning bureau and land bureau. Zhuji City subproject The surface soil (about 25cm thick) shall be put at the margin of soil drawing Soil erosion Construction period 16.0 Contractor office, Supervision unit, Soil erosion Daily supervision site upon soil drawing; local EPB -Put the earthwork properly, keep certain distance to qingshan creek and wuxie river, try not to flow into the river, reduce the impact of soil erosion on river.
-There shall be a sedimentation tank during construction to drain out the rain water, piling mud water, waterlogging, etc after they have been sedimentation treated to meet the standard. -Temporary simple living facilities shall be built in the construction site, mostly the temporary canteen and toilets, the sewage of canteen kitchen cannot be Zhuji City subproject Construction office, Supervision unit, COD, NH3-N，SS, collected into the domestic sewage until pretreated by oil separation tank, Construction period 3.0 Contractor 1 time/ 2 months wastewater then transport it regularly after simple treatment by septic tank; local EPB, local Petroleum monitoring station -The construction materials like the fuel and chemicals cannot be piled near the river; Weir located around the block, and with the temporary shelter of canvas to prevent wind erosion and storm into the water. -Regular monitoring. -Set various eye-catching construction warning signs, to announce in advance; -Shall avoid the peak traffic hours, for reducing traffic jam, reduce the impact on residents’ trip; Zhuji City subproject Social environment -Strengthen the construction management and the education and awareness Construction period 20.0 Contractor office, Supervision unit, / Daily supervision of cconstructors on environmental protection. local EPB If discover the cultural relics, must stop construction and tell the local cultural relic protection department; cannot excavate again before the end of the cultural relic identification and protection work. - Timely regreen or reclaim the temporary land after construction in order to restore the original function of land; Try to save land occupation; Zhuji City subproject Ecological Construction period / Contractor office, Supervision unit, / / environment - Carry out ecological environmental protection training to the contractor; local EPB
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Monitoring Potential Implementation Budget (RMB, Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Mitigation measures indicators/ impacts/issues schedule 10,000 Yuan) implementation supervision frequency parameters Operation period
- Install fume purifying machine, the purification rate shall not be less than 60%; Zhuji City subproject Canteen exhaust - Fume waste gas to be discharge through 15m discharge cylinder when Zhuji City Water Affairs Regular Operation period 0.5 office, local EPB, local Cooking fume fumes treated and up to standard; Group Company monitoring monitoring station - Regular monitoring.
-The domestic sewage shall be collected to the place appointed by government when treated by sewage disposal facilities in the plant and meets the Grade I discharge standard regulated by Integrated Wastewater Zhuji City subproject Zhuji City Water Affairs Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB8978-1996). Operation period 5.0 office, local EPB, local COD, NH3-N, SS 1 time/ 2 months Group Company -Try to recycle the sludge water after sedimentation, reduce the discharge monitoring station volume.
- Adopt the sound-absorbing material and take the sound insulation Zhuji City subproject Zhuji City Water Affairs Noise measures in the pump room; outlet pipe of water pump shall be installed the Operation period 10.0 office, local EPB , local LeqdB(A) 1 time/ 2 months Group Company flexible joint and there shall be double sound insulation doors and windows. monitoring station -Equip with sludge dehydration & drying equipment, sludge shall be transported externally for covering up after dehydration; Zhuji City Water Affairs Zhuji City subproject Solid waste -Domestic waste shall be treated integrally by environmental hygiene Operation period 5.0 / / Group Company office, local EPB department .
- Prepare the environmental risk emergency plan,and strengthen training. -Strengthen the safety management, enhance accident prevention. Chlorine dosing equipment must be equipped with corresponding alarm system and automatic spraying system for emergency, in case of accidental leakage, the alarm system will alarm automatically (the alarm concentration is 1ppm (0.3158mg/Nm3)), and mechanical ventilation equipment can be started, exhaust the chlorine-containing air, then to be discharged when treated by Zhuji City Water Affairs Zhuji City subproject Chlorine leakage Accident period 20.0 / / spraying equipment. Group Company office, local EPB - The wastewater of automatic spraying tank shall be treated separately, to be discharged after neutralization and sedimentation. Plant some evergreen, tall and resistant trees around the plant, for green barrier.
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Monitoring Potential Implementation Budget (RMB, Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Mitigation measures indicators/ impacts/issues schedule 10,000 Yuan) implementation supervision frequency parameters Wucheng Water Supply and Distribution Construction period -Strengthen the management, construct with civilization; remove the soil on the vehicles before they leave the construction site; the vehicles for transporting lime, sand and gravel, cement, fly ash etc which easily cause dust shall be covered with canvas. Wucheng District -Pay attention to the dust pollution in the construction, In strong wind or dry subproject office, Dust weather,the construction site shall be cleaned regularly, spray water for 4-5 Construction period 6.0 Contractor Supervision unit, local TSP 1 time/ 2 months times a day. EPB, local monitoring station -For the temporary, sporadic cement mixing areas, they shall be apart from residence as far as possible upon location selection. -Regular monitoring. -Use low-noise equipment; Wucheng District - Reasonably arrange the construction time and prohibit night construction; subproject office, Construction noise Construction period 6.0 Contractor Supervision unit, local LeqdB(A) 1 time/ 2 months - set a temporary sound barrier: If there is a residential area within 100m in EPB, local monitoring the area having the high noise equipment, a sound barrier shall be set station temporarily to reduce the noise pollution. --The soil clean up and transport waste disposal plan should report to Jinhua City Construction Bureau; - Waste soil and construction waste shall be filled into the designated places according to the municipal and planning department; Wucheng District Spoil & Building waste - The abandoned sand, building materials, steel, packaging materials, etc Construction period 1.0 Contractor subproject office, Building waste Daily supervision during construction shall be managed and recycled by the specially-assigned Supervision unit person; the working surfaces shall be cleaned timely without lasting problems.
Garbage -Set garbage bins, and transport to the Tangxi Landfill. Construction period 1.0 Contractor -Engineering excavation try to avoid rainy season; -Drawing soil from farmland is forbidden, the soil drawing site shall be approved by relevant departments such as planning bureau and land bureau. The surface soil (about 25cm thick) shall be put at the margin of soil drawing Wucheng District site upon soil drawing; subproject office, Soil erosion Construction period 16.0 Contractor Soil erosion Daily supervision -The earth and stone shall be piled reasonably; they must keep at a distance Supervision unit, local with xinfan river to prevent them from flowing into the river and reduce the EPB influence of soil erosion on the river.
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Monitoring Potential Implementation Budget (RMB, Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Mitigation measures indicators/ impacts/issues schedule 10,000 Yuan) implementation supervision frequency parameters -There shall be a sedimentation tank during construction to drain out the rain water, piling mud water, waterlogging, etc after they have been sedimentation treated to meet the standard. -Temporary simple living facilities shall be built in the construction site, mostly Wucheng District the temporary canteen and toilets, the sewage of canteen kitchen cannot be subproject office, Construction COD, NH3-N，SS, collected into the domestic sewage until pretreated by oil separation tank, Construction period 3.0 Contractor Supervision unit, local 1 time/ 2 months Wastewater then transport it regularly after simple treatment by septic tank. EPB, local monitoring Petroleum -The construction materials like the fuel and chemicals cannot be piled near station the river; Weir located around the block, and with the temporary shelter of canvas to prevent wind erosion and storm into the water. -Regular monitoring. -Set various eye-catching construction warning signs, to announce in advance; -Shall avoid the peak traffic hours, for reducing traffic jam, reduce the impact Wucheng District on residents’ trip; subproject office, Social environment -Strengthen the construction management and the education and awareness Construction period 20.0 Contractor / Daily supervision Supervision unit, local of cconstructors on environmental protection. EPB -If discover the cultural relics, must stop construction and tell the local cultural relic protection department; cannot excavate again before the end of the cultural relic identification and protection work. - Timely regreen or reclaim the temporary land after construction in order to Wucheng District Ecological restore the original function of land; subproject office, Construction period / Contractor / / environment - Try to save land occupation; Supervision unit, local - Carry out ecological environmental protection training to the contractor. EPB Operation period Wucheng District subproject office, local Monitor once - Set 300m air sanitary protection distance; Newly established water Chlorine Operation period 0.5 EPB, local monitoring Cl2 upon completion -Regular monitoring. supply company station acceptance
-The domestic sewage shall be collected to the place appointed by government when treated by sewage disposal facilities in the plant and meets Wucheng District the Grade I discharge standard regulated by Integrated Wastewater Newly established water subproject office, local COD, NH3-N, SS Wastewater Operation period 5.0 1 time/ 2 months Discharge Standard (GB8978-1996). supply company EPB, local monitoring -Try to recycle the sludge water after sedimentation, reduce the discharge station volume. Wucheng District - Adopt the sound-absorbing material and take the sound insulation subproject office, local Monitor once measures in the pump room; outlet pipe of water pump shall be installed the Newly established water Noise Operation period 10.0 EPB, local monitoring LeqdB(A) upon completion flexible joint and there shall be double sound insulation doors and windows. supply company station acceptance
-Equip with sludge dehydration & drying equipment, sludge shall be Newly established water Wucheng District Solid waste Operation period 5.0 / / transported externally for covering up after dehydration; supply company subproject office, local
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Monitoring Potential Implementation Budget (RMB, Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Mitigation measures indicators/ impacts/issues schedule 10,000 Yuan) implementation supervision frequency parameters -Domestic waste shall be treated integrally by environmental hygiene EPB department - Prepare the environmental risk emergency plan,and strengthen training. -Strengthen the safety management, enhance accident prevention. Chlorine dosing equipment must be equipped with corresponding alarm system and automatic spraying system for emergency, in case of accidental leakage, the alarm system will alarm automatically (the alarm concentration is 1ppm Wucheng District Newly established water Chlorine leakage (0.3158mg/Nm3)), and mechanical ventilation equipment can be started, Accident period 20.0 subproject office, local / / supply company exhaust the chlorine-containing air, then to be discharged when treated by EPB spraying equipment. -The wastewater of automatic spraying tank shall be treated separately, to be discharged after neutralization and sedimentation. Plant some evergreen, tall and resistant trees around the plant, for green barrier.
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EMP of WWTP Component Potential Implementation Budget Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Monitoring Mitigation measures impacts/issues schedule (RMB, 10,000 Yuan) implementation supervision indicators/parameters frequency Longyou Wastewater Collection Construction period -Open air stacking yards and bare places to be protected by geotextile. - Pay attention to the dust pollution in the construction, In strong wind or dry weather,the construction site shall be cleaned regularly, spray water for 4-5 Longyou subproject times a day. office, supervision Dust Construction period 5.0 Contractor TSP 1 time/2 months -Transportation vehicles shall slow down when passing through the unit, local EPB, local neighborhoods or entering into the construction area; maintain the monitoring station construction machinery well. -Regularly monitoring. - Using low-noise equipment; Longyou subproject - Reasonably arrange the construction time and prohibit night construction; office, supervision Construction noise - Set up a temporary sound barrier: In the area having the high noise Construction period 6.0 Contractor LeqdB(A) 1 time/2 months unit, local EPB, local equipment, if there is a residential area within 100m, a sound barrier shall be monitoring station set up temporarily to reduce the noise pollution. -The soil clean up and transport waste disposal plan should report to Longyou County Construction Bureau; - Waste soil and construction waste shall be filled into the designated places according to the municipal and planning department; Longyou subproject Daily Spoil & Building waste Construction period 1.0 Contractor Construction waste - During construction, the abandoned sand, building materials, steel, office, supervision unit supervision packaging materials, etc shall be managed and recycled by the specially- assigned person; the working surfaces shall be cleaned timely without lasting problems. Longyou subproject Daily Garbage -Set garbage bins, and transport to the Longyou County Landfill. Construction period 1.0 Contractor Garbage office, supervision unit supervision - Reasonably arrange the construction time; avoid construction in rainy day; Longyou subproject shorten the piled up time of earth and stone. Daily Soil erosion Construction period 16.0 Contractor office, supervision Soil erosion - Put the earthwork properly, keep 10m distance to near the creek, try not to supervision unit, local EPB flow into the river, reduce the impact of soil erosion on river. - During construction there shall be a sedimentation basin to drain out the rain water, piling mud water, waterlogging, etc after they have been sedimentation treated to meet the standard. -The domestic sewage from the constructor working along the pipeline shall be brought into the village treatment system along the pipeline. Longyou subproject Construction - The construction materials like the fuel and chemicals cannot be piled near office, supervision COD, NH3-N，SS, Construction period 3.0 Contractor 1 time/2 months wastewater the river; Weir located around the block, and with the temporary shelter of unit, local EPB, local petroleum canvas to prevent wind erosion and storm into the water. monitoring station -Regularly monitoring.
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Potential Implementation Budget Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Monitoring Mitigation measures impacts/issues schedule (RMB, 10,000 Yuan) implementation supervision indicators/parameters frequency -Put a sign in the construction site, indicating the project content and construction time, pleasing public understanding the construction inconvenience, as well as informing the contact person, complaints hotline, etc.
- Avoid the rush hour in order to reduce traffic congestion and reduce the Longyou subproject Daily Social environment influence on the resident travel; Construction period 20.0 Contractor office, supervision / supervision - Strengthening the environmental protection training of the construction unit, local EPB management personnel and construction personnel. - If discover the cultural relics, must stop construction and tell the local cultural relic protection department; cannot excavate again before the end of the cultural relic identification and protection work. - After construction timely regreen or reclaim the temporary using land in order to restore the original function of land; Longyou subproject Ecological Construction period 20.0 Contractor office, supervision / / environment - Try to save the land occupied unit, local EPB - Carry out the ecological environmental protection training to the contractor; Operation period - Longyou North Sewage Treatment Factory shall strictly implement the environmental protection measures specified in “Environmental Impact Report Longyou north Wastewater Longbei Economic of Longyou Industrial Park Sewage Treatment Engineering Project (draft for industrial park Operation period 5.0 Construction Development / / (Tail water from approval)” and its reply; and then strengthen the daily management of North management Co Ltd. sewage plant) Sewage Treatment Factory to ensure the sewage water to be discharged after Committee, local EPB reaching standards. Sewage leakage -Each large drainage unit shall build the corresponding sewage storage pool Each large drainage unit in Longyou subproject caused by the broken Accident period / / / and the storage capacity of sewage storage pool shall be one day. service scope office, local EPB sewage pipes
Pan’an Wastewater Collection (Yunshan)
Construction period
-Open air stacking yards and bare places to be protected by geotextile. -Pay attention to the dust pollution during construction, regularly cleaning the Pan’an County dust in the construction site; watering 4~5 times every day. subproject office, Dust -Transportation vehicles shall slow down when passing through the Construction period 5.0 Contractor supervision unit, local TSP 1 time/2 months neighborhoods or entering into the construction area; maintain the EPB, local monitoring construction machinery well. station -Regularly monitoring.
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Potential Implementation Budget Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Monitoring Mitigation measures impacts/issues schedule (RMB, 10,000 Yuan) implementation supervision indicators/parameters frequency - Using low-noise equipment; Pan’an County - Reasonably arrange the construction time and prohibit night construction; subproject office, Construction noise - Set up a temporary sound barrier: In the area having the high noise Construction period 6.0 Contractor supervision unit, local LeqdB(A) 1 time/2 months equipment, if there is a residential area within 100m, a sound barrier shall be EPB, local monitoring set up temporarily to reduce the noise pollution. statio -The soil clean up and transport waste disposal plan should report to Pan’an County Sanitation place; - Waste soil and construction waste shall be filled into the designated places Pan’an County according to the municipal and planning department; Daily Spoil & Building waste Construction period 1.0 Contractor subproject office, Construction waste - During construction, the abandoned sand, building materials, steel, supervision supervision unit packaging materials, etc shall be managed and recycled by the specially- assigned person; the working surfaces shall be cleaned timely without lasting problems. - Reasonably arrange the construction time; avoid construction in rainy day; shorten the piled up time of earth and stone. Pan’an County -The earth and stone shall be piled up reasonably; they must be kept 10m subproject office, Daily Soil erosion Construction period 16.0 Contractor Soil erosion away from yuxi,wenxi,jinchaxi creeks to prevent them from flowing into the supervision unit, local supervision river and reduce the influence of soil erosion. EPB - The temporary dump shall be protected by geotextile. Pan’an County Daily Garbage -Set garbage bins, and transport to the Pan’an County Landfill. Construction period 1.0 Contractor subproject Garbage supervision office,,supervision unit - During construction there shall be a sedimentation basin to drain out the rain water, piling mud water, waterlogging, etc after they have been sedimentation treated to meet the standard. Pan’an County -The domestic sewage from the constructor working along the pipeline shall subproject office, Construction COD, NH3-N，SS, be brought into the village treatment system along the pipeline. Construction period 3.0 Contractor supervision unit, local 1 time/2 months wastewater petroleum - The construction materials like the fuel and chemicals cannot be piled near EPB, local monitoring the river; Weir located around the block, and with the temporary shelter of station canvas to prevent wind erosion and storm into the water. -Regularly monitoring. -Put a sign in the construction site, indicating the project content and construction time, pleasing public understanding the construction inconvenience, as well as informing the contact person, complaints hotline, etc. Pan’an County - Avoid the rush hour in order to reduce traffic congestion and reduce the subproject office, Daily Social environment influence on the resident travel; Construction period 20.0 Contractor / supervision unit, local supervision - Strengthening the environmental protection training of the construction EPB management personnel and construction personnel. - If discover the cultural relics, must stop construction and tell the local cultural relic protection department; cannot excavate again before the end of the cultural relic identification and protection work.
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Potential Implementation Budget Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Monitoring Mitigation measures impacts/issues schedule (RMB, 10,000 Yuan) implementation supervision indicators/parameters frequency
- After construction timely regreen or reclaim the temporary using land in Pan’an County order to restore the original function of land; Ecological subproject office, Construction period 20 Contractor / / environment - Try to save the land occupied supervision unit, local EPB - Carry out the ecological environmental protection training to the contractor;
Operation period
-The biological deodorization device shall be installed in the sewage pumping Pan’an County Yunshan Pan’an County Odor station to reduce stench surroundings. Operation period 10.0 Developing Construction subproject office, local NH3、H2S 1 time/2 months -Regularly monitoring. and investment Co. Ltd. EPB - Adopt the sound-absorbing material and take the sound insulation measures in the pump room; the outlet pipe of water pump shall be installed the flexible Pan’an County Yunshan Pan’an County Noise joint and there shall be double sound insulation doors and windows. Operation period 10.0 Developing Construction subproject office, local LeqdB(A) 1 time/2 months and investment Co. Ltd. EPB -Regularly monitoring. Pan’an Wastewater Collection(Shenzhe) Construction period -Open air stacking yards and bare places to be protected by geotextile. - Pay attention to the dust pollution in the construction, In strong wind or dry weather,the construction site shall be cleaned regularly, spray water for 4-5 Pan’an County times a day. subproject office, Dust -Transportation vehicles shall slow down when passing through the Construction period 5.0 Contractor supervision unit, local TSP 1 time/2 months neighborhoods or entering into the construction area; maintain the EPB, local monitoring construction machinery well. station -Regular monitoring.
- Using low-noise equipment; Pan’an County - Reasonably arrange the construction time and prohibit night construction; subproject office, - Set up a temporary sound barrier: In the area having the high noise Construction noise Construction period 6.0 Contractor supervision unit, local LeqdB(A) 1 time/2 months equipment, if there is a residential area within 100m, a sound barrier shall be EPB, local monitoring set up temporarily to reduce the noise pollution. station
-The soil clean up and transport waste disposal plan should report to Pan’an County Sanitation place; - Waste soil and construction waste shall be filled into the designated places according to the municipal and planning department; Pan’an County Daily Spoil & Building waste -During construction, the abandoned sand, building materials, steel, Construction period 1.0 Contractor subproject office, Construction waste supervision packaging materials, etc shall be managed and recycled by the specially- supervision unit assigned person; the working surfaces shall be cleaned timely without lasting problems.
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Potential Implementation Budget Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Monitoring Mitigation measures impacts/issues schedule (RMB, 10,000 Yuan) implementation supervision indicators/parameters frequency Pan’an County Daily Garbage -Set garbage bins, and transport to the Pan’an County Landfill. Construction period 1.0 Contractor subproject Garbage supervision office,,supervision unit - Reasonably arrange the construction time; avoid construction in rainy day; shorten the piled up time of earth and stone. Pan’an County -The earth and stone shall be piled up reasonably; they must be kept 10m subproject office, Daily Soil erosion Construction period 16.0 Contractor Soil erosion away from the cuixi creek to prevent them from flowing into the river and supervision unit, local supervision reduce the influence of soil erosion. EPB - The temporary dump shall be protected by geotextile.
- During construction there shall be a sedimentation basin to drain out the rain water, piling mud water, waterlogging, etc after they have been sedimentation treated to meet the standard. Pan’an County -The domestic sewage from the constructor working along the pipeline shall subproject office, Construction COD, NH3-N，SS, be brought into the village treatment system along the pipeline. Construction period 3.0 Contractor supervision unit, local 1 time/2 months wastewater petroleum - The construction materials like the fuel and chemicals cannot be piled near EPB, local monitoring the river; Weir located around the block, and with the temporary shelter of station canvas to prevent wind erosion and storm into the water. -Regularly monitoring.
-Put a sign in the construction site, indicating the project content and construction time, pleasing public understanding the construction inconvenience, as well as informing the contact person, complaints hotline, etc. - Avoid the rush hour in order to reduce traffic congestion and reduce the Pan’an County subproject office, Daily Social environment influence on the resident travel; Construction period 20.0 Contractor / supervision unit, local supervision - Strengthening the environmental protection training of the construction EPB management personnel and construction personnel. - If discover the cultural relics, must stop construction and tell the local cultural relic protection department; cannot excavate again before the end of the cultural relic identification and protection work.
- After construction timely regreen or reclaim the temporary using land in Pan’an County order to restore the original function of land; Ecological subproject office, Construction period 20 Contractor / / environment - Try to save the land occupied supervision unit, local EPB - Carry out the ecological environmental protection training to the contractor;
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 188 Appendix
Potential Implementation Budget Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Monitoring Mitigation measures impacts/issues schedule (RMB, 10,000 Yuan) implementation supervision indicators/parameters frequency Operation period
-Set the speed limit signs; Pan’an County Shenze Pan’an County Traffic noise Operation period 25.0 New Urban District Const subproject office, local Leq dB(A) 1 time/2 months -Regular monitoring. & Invest. Co. Ltd. EPB Pan’an County Shenze Pan’an County - Sections of the road through the village, set traffic warning signs, traffic Daily Traffic Safety Operation period 10.0 New Urban District Const subproject office, local lights and pedestrian access. / supervision & Invest. Co. Ltd. EPB Tonglu Jiangnan Town Wastewater Collection Construction period -Open air stacking yards and bare places to be protected by geotextile. - Pay attention to the dust pollution in the construction, In strong wind or dry Tonglu County weather,the construction site shall be cleaned regularly, spray water for 4-5 subproject office, times a day. Dust Construction period 5.0 Contractor supervision unit, local TSP 1 time/2 months -Transportation vehicles shall slow down when passing through the EPB, local monitoring neighborhoods or entering into the construction area; maintain the station construction machinery well. -Regularly monitoring. - Using low-noise equipment; Tonglu County - Reasonably arrange the construction time and prohibit night construction; subproject office, Construction noise - Set up a temporary sound barrier: In the area having the high noise Construction period 6.0 Contractor supervision unit, local LeqdB(A) 1 time/2 months equipment, if there is a residential area within 100m, a sound barrier shall be EPB, local monitoring set up temporarily to reduce the noise pollution. station -The soil clean up and transport waste disposal plan should report to Tonglu County Sanitation place; - Waste soil and construction waste shall be filled into the designated places Tonglu County according to the municipal and planning department; Daily Spoil & Building waste Construction period 1.0 Contractor subproject office, Construction waste - During construction, the abandoned sand, building materials, steel, supervision supervision unit packaging materials, etc shall be managed and recycled by the specially- assigned person; the working surfaces shall be cleaned timely without lasting problems. Tonglu County Daily Garbage -Set garbage bins, and transport to the Tonglu County Landfill. Construction period 1.0 Contractor subproject Garbage supervision office,,supervision unit - Reasonably arrange the construction time; avoid construction in rainy day; shorten the piled up time of earth and stone. Tonglu County -The earth and stone shall be piled up reasonably; they must be kept 10m subproject office, Daily Soil erosion Construction period 16.0 Contractor Soil erosion away from Fuchun river to prevent them from flowing into the river and reduce supervision unit, local supervision the influence of soil erosion. EPB - The temporary dump shall be protected by geotextile.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) Appendix 189
Potential Implementation Budget Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Monitoring Mitigation measures impacts/issues schedule (RMB, 10,000 Yuan) implementation supervision indicators/parameters frequency - During construction there shall be a sedimentation basin to drain out the rain water, piling mud water, waterlogging, etc after they have been sedimentation treated to meet the standard. -The domestic sewage from the constructor working along the pipeline shall Tonglu subproject Construction be brought into the village treatment system along the pipeline. office, supervision COD, NH3-N，SS, Construction period 3.0 Contractorn 1 time/2 months wastewater - The construction materials like the fuel and chemicals cannot be piled near unit, local EPB, local petroleum the river; Weir located around the block, and with the temporary shelter of monitoring statio canvas to prevent wind erosion and storm into the water. -Regularly monitoring.
-Put a sign in the construction site, indicating the project content and construction time, pleasing public understanding the construction inconvenience, as well as informing the contact person, complaints hotline, etc.
- Avoid the rush hour in order to reduce traffic congestion and reduce the Tonglu subproject Daily Social environment influence on the resident travel; Construction period 20.0 Contractor office, supervision / supervision - Strengthening the environmental protection training of the construction unit, local EPB management personnel and construction personnel. - If discover the cultural relics, must stop construction and tell the local cultural relic protection department; cannot excavate again before the end of the cultural relic identification and protection work. - After construction timely regreen or reclaim the temporary using land in order to restore the original function of land; Tonglu subproject Ecological Construction period 20 Contractor office, supervision / / environment - Try to save the land occupied unit, local EPB - Carry out the ecological environmental protection training to the contractor; Operation period Tonglu Jiangnan Township - The biological deodorization device shall be installed in the sewage pumping New countryside Town & Tonglu subproject Odor station to reduce stench surroundings. Operation period 10.0 NH3、H2S 1 time/2 months Village Construction Co. office, local EPB -Regularly monitoring. Ltd. - Adopt the sound-absorbing material and take the sound insulation measures Tonglu Jiangnan Township in the pump room; the outlet pipe of water pump shall be installed the flexible New countryside Town & Tonglu subproject Noise Operation period 10.0 LeqdB(A) 1 time/2 months joint and there shall be double sound insulation doors and windows. Village Construction Co. office, local EPB -Regularly monitoring. Ltd. Tonglu Jiangnan Township -Set the speed limit signs; Tonglu subproject Traffic noise Operation period 25.0 New countryside Town & Leq dB(A) 1 time/2 months -Regular monitoring. office, local EPB Village Construction Co. Ltd. Tonglu Jiangnan Township - Sections of the road through the village, set traffic warning signs, traffic Tonglu subproject Daily Traffic Safety Operation period 10.0 New countryside Town & office, local EPB / lights and pedestrian access. Village Construction Co. Ltd. supervision
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 190 Appendix
Potential Implementation Budget Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Monitoring Mitigation measures impacts/issues schedule (RMB, 10,000 Yuan) implementation supervision indicators/parameters frequency Jiande Wastewater Collection and Treatment Construction period -Open air stacking yards and bare places to be protected by geotextile. - Pay attention to the dust pollution in the construction, In strong wind or dry weather,the construction site shall be cleaned regularly, spray water for 4-5 Jiande subproject times a day. office, supervision Dust - Transportation vehicles shall slow down when passing through the Construction period 5.0 Contractorn TSP 1 time/2 months unit, local EPB, local neighborhoods or entering into the construction area; maintain the monitoring statio construction machinery well. -Regularly monitoring.
- Using low-noise equipment; Jiande subproject - Reasonably arrange the construction time and prohibit night construction; office, supervision Construction noise - Set up a temporary sound barrier: In the area having the high noise Construction period 6.0 Contractorn LeqdB(A) 1 time/2 months unit, local EPB, local equipment, if there is a residential area within 100m, a sound barrier shall be monitoring statio set up temporarily to reduce the noise pollution. -The soil clean up and transport waste disposal plan should report to Jiande City Construction Bureau; - Waste soil and construction waste shall be filled into the designated places according to the municipal and planning department; Jiande subproject Daily Spoil & Building waste Construction period 1.0 Contractor Construction waste - During construction, the abandoned sand, building materials, steel, office, supervision unit supervision packaging materials, etc shall be managed and recycled by the specially- assigned person; the working surfaces shall be cleaned timely without lasting problems. Jiande subproject Daily Garbage -Set garbage bins, and transport to the Jiande City Landfill. Construction period 1.0 Contractor Garbage office, supervision unit supervision - Reasonably arrange the construction time; avoid construction in rainy day; shorten the piled up time of earth and stone. Jiande subproject -The earth and stone shall be piled up reasonably; they must be kept 10m Daily Soil erosion Construction period 16.0 Contractor office, supervision Soil erosion away from Xin’an river to prevent them from flowing into the river and reduce supervision unit, local EPB the influence of soil erosion. - The temporary dump shall be protected by geotextile. - During construction there shall be a sedimentation basin to drain out the rain water, piling mud water, waterlogging, etc after they have been sedimentation treated to meet the standard. -The domestic sewage from the constructor working along the pipeline shall Jiande subproject Construction be brought into the village treatment system along the pipeline. office, supervision COD, NH3-N,SS, Construction period 3.0 Contractor 1 time/2 months wastewater - The construction materials like the fuel and chemicals cannot be piled near unit, local EPB, local petroleum the river; Weir located around the block, and with the temporary shelter of monitoring station canvas to prevent wind erosion and storm into the water. -Regularly monitoring.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) Appendix 191
Potential Implementation Budget Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Monitoring Mitigation measures impacts/issues schedule (RMB, 10,000 Yuan) implementation supervision indicators/parameters frequency -Put a sign in the construction site, indicating the project content and construction time, pleasing public understanding the construction inconvenience, as well as informing the contact person, complaints hotline, etc. - Avoid the rush hour in order to reduce traffic congestion and reduce the Jiande subproject Daily Social environment influence on the resident travel; Construction period 20.0 Contractor office, supervision / supervision - Strengthening the environmental protection training of the construction unit, local EPB management personnel and construction personnel. - If discover the cultural relics, must stop construction and tell the local cultural relic protection department; cannot excavate again before the end of the cultural relic identification and protection work. - After construction timely regreen or reclaim the temporary using land in Jiande subproject Ecological order to restore the original function of land; Construction period 20 Contractor office, supervision / / environment - Try to save the land occupied unit, local EPB - Carry out the ecological environmental protection training to the contractor; Operation period - The biological deodorization device shall be installed in the sewage pump station to reduce stench surroundings. -Set up the atmospheric health protection distance and the residence area within the protection distance shall be environmental removed. - Set up the biological deodorization system, and the sludge storage house Jiande City Xinanjiang Jiande subproject Odor shall adopt the closed construction in order to ensure the effective operation Operation period 200 Wastewater Treatment NH3、H2S 1 time/2 months office, local EPB of deodorization system. Plant Co. Ltd. -Build the green belt separation around the plant to form the three- dimensional grass, shrub and arbor shelter; use space for afforestation and plant trees in the factory to reduce stench surroundings. -Regularly monitoring. -The wastewater in the pi'pe must satisfy grade 3 standards of first class pollutants specified in “Integrated wastewater discharge standard” (GB8987- 1996) and meet the requirements of “Discharge Standard for Municipal Major industrial enterprise Jiande subproject Inlet water quality Operation period / / / Wastewater” (CJ3082-1999). in service scope office, local EPB - Regularly monitoring.
Jiande City Xinanjiang Jiande subproject Daily Outlet water quality -Install the online monitoring system. Operation period / Wastewater Treatment COD, NH3-N office, local EPB supervision Plant Co. Ltd. -Adopt the low noise equipment; the blower house, sewage pump room, etc are suggested to adopt the seal wall or double window construction for sound insulation; the equipment foundation shall be equipped the vibration pad and Jiande City Xinanjiang Jiande subproject Noise so on to reduce the noise caused by the equipment vibration; the air pipe shall Operation period 10.0 Wastewater Treatment LeqdB(A) 1 time/2 months office, local EPB be installed the throttle device, silencer, etc. Plant Co. Ltd. - Regularly monitoring.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 192 Appendix
Potential Implementation Budget Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Monitoring Mitigation measures impacts/issues schedule (RMB, 10,000 Yuan) implementation supervision indicators/parameters frequency -The sludge must be dewatered, and its water content must satisfy the relevant requirements, at last it must be disposed by Jiande landfill. - All the trucks carrying sludge shall be sealed to prevent water leakage and Jiande City Xinanjiang Jiande subproject Sludge stinking. Transportation time and line must be predetermined and strictly kept; Operation period 30.0 Wastewater Treatment Heavy metal 1 time/2 months office, local EPB Try to avoid the busy road, the commercial and residential area as well as any Plant Co. Ltd. other sensitive area in order to minimize the impact on the environment. - Regularly monitoring. Jiande City Xinanjiang - The plant shall liaise with nearby residents; regularly understand and solve Jiande subproject Social environment Operation period 5.0 Wastewater Treatment / / any problem during factory running period; office, local EPB Plant Co. Ltd. - Prepare the environmental risk emergency plan,and strengthen training. -Strengthen the internal management system, including regular maintenance and technical training; Jiande City Xinanjiang Jiande subproject Environmental risk -The sewage treatment plant shall adopt the double-circuit system to improve Accident period 50.0 Wastewater Treatment / / office, local EPB the power supply reliability. Plant Co. Ltd. -United operating the reservoir of Xin 'an River to reduce the influence of water downstream. Qujiang Wastewater Collection and Treatment Construction period -Open air stacking yards and bare places to be protected by geotextile. - Pay attention to the dust pollution in the construction, In strong wind or dry Qujiang weather,the construction site shall be cleaned regularly, spray water for 4-5 Districtsubproject times a day. Dust Construction period 5.0 Contractor office, supervision TSP 1 time/2 months - Transportation vehicles shall slow down when passing through the unit, local EPB, local neighborhoods or entering into the construction area; maintain the monitoring station construction machinery well. -Regularly monitoring. - Using low-noise equipment; Qujiang - Reasonably arrange the construction time and prohibit night construction; Districtsubproject Construction noise - Set up a temporary sound barrier: In the area having the high noise Construction period 6.0 Contractor office, supervision LeqdB(A) 1 time/2 months equipment, if there is a residential area within 100m, a sound barrier shall be unit, local EPB, local set up temporarily to reduce the noise pollution. monitoring station -The soil clean up and transport waste disposal plan should report to Qujiang District Construction Bureau; - Waste soil and construction waste shall be filled into the designated places Qujiang according to the municipal and planning department; Daily Spoil & Building waste Construction period 1.0 Contractor Districtsubproject Construction waste supervision - During construction, the abandoned sand, building materials, steel, office, supervision unit packaging materials, etc shall be managed and recycled by the specially- assigned person; the working surfaces shall be cleaned timely without lasting problems. Jiande subproject Daily Garbage -Set garbage bins, and transport to Quzhou xubalong Landfill. Construction period 1.0 Contractor Garbage office, supervision unit supervision
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) Appendix 193
Potential Implementation Budget Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Monitoring Mitigation measures impacts/issues schedule (RMB, 10,000 Yuan) implementation supervision indicators/parameters frequency - Reasonably arrange the construction time; avoid construction in rainy day; shorten the piled up time of earth and stone. Qujiang District -The earth and stone shall be piled up reasonably; they must be kept 10m subproject office, Daily Soil erosion Construction period 16.0 Contractor Soil erosion away from Qujiang river and Shangshan creek to prevent them from flowing supervision unit, local supervision into the river and reduce the influence of soil erosion. EPB - The temporary dump shall be protected by geotextile. - During construction there shall be a sedimentation basin to drain out the rain water, piling mud water, waterlogging, etc after they have been sedimentation treated to meet the standard. Qujiang District -The domestic sewage from the constructor working along the pipeline shall subproject office, Construction COD, NH3-N，SS, be brought into the village treatment system along the pipeline. Construction period 3.0 Contractor supervision unit, local 1 time/2 months wastewater petroleum -The construction materials like the fuel and chemicals cannot be piled near EPB, local monitoring the river; Weir located around the block, and with the temporary shelter of station canvas to prevent wind erosion and storm into the water. -Regularly monitoring. -Put a sign in the construction site, indicating the project content and construction time, pleasing public understanding the construction inconvenience, as well as informing the contact person, complaints hotline, etc. - Avoid the rush hour in order to reduce traffic congestion and reduce the Qujiang Districtsubproject Daily Social environment influence on the resident travel; Construction period 20.0 Contractor / office, supervision supervision - Strengthening the environmental protection training of the construction unit, local EPB management personnel and construction personnel. - If discover the cultural relics, must stop construction and tell the local cultural relic protection department; cannot excavate again before the end of the cultural relic identification and protection work.
- After construction timely regreen or reclaim the temporary using land in Qujiang order to restore the original function of land; Ecological Districtsubproject Construction period 20 Contractor / / environment - Try to save the land occupied office, supervision unit, local EPB - Carry out the ecological environmental protection training to the contractor; Operation period - The biological deodorization device shall be installed in the sewage pump Quzhou City Qujiang station to reduce stench surroundings. Qujiang District District Urban Rural Odor -Set up the atmospheric health protection distance and the residence area Operation period 200 subproject office, local NH3、H2S 1 time/2 months Construction Development within the protection distance shall be environmental removed. EPB Co. Ltd. - Set up the biological deodorization system, and the sludge storage house
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 194 Appendix
Potential Implementation Budget Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Monitoring Mitigation measures impacts/issues schedule (RMB, 10,000 Yuan) implementation supervision indicators/parameters frequency shall adopt the closed construction in order to ensure the effective operation of deodorization system. -Build the green belt separation around the plant to form the three- dimensional grass, shrub and arbor shelter; use space for afforestation and plant trees in the factory to reduce stench surroundings. -Regularly monitoring.
-The wastewater in the pipe must satisfy grade 3 standards of first class pollutants specified in”Integrated wastewater discharge standard” (GB8987- Qujiang District Major industrial enterprise Inlet water quality 1996) and meet the requirements of “Discharge Standard for Municipal Operation period / subproject office, local / / in service scope Wastewater” (CJ3082-1999). EPB - Regularly monitoring. Quzhou City Qujiang Qujiang District District Urban Rural Daily Outlet water quality -Install the online monitoring system. Operation period / subproject office, local COD, NH3-N Construction Development supervision EPB Co. Ltd. -Adopt the low noise equipment; the blower house, sewage pump room, etc are suggested to adopt the seal wall or double window construction for sound Quzhou City Qujiang insulation; the equipment foundation shall be equipped the vibration pad and Qujiang District District Urban Rural Noise so on to reduce the noise caused by the equipment vibration; the air pipe shall Operation period 10.0 subproject office, local LeqdB(A) 1 time/2 months Construction Development be installed the throttle device, silencer, etc. EPB Co. Ltd. - Regularly monitoring.
-The sludge must be dewatered, and its water content must satisfy the relevant requirements, at last it must be disposed by Xubalong landfill. - All the trucks carrying sludge shall be sealed to prevent water leakage and Quzhou City Qujiang Qujiang District stinking. Transportation time and line must be predetermined and strictly kept; District Urban Rural Sludge Operation period 30.0 subproject office, local Heavy metal 1 time/2 months Try to avoid the busy road, the commercial and residential area as well as any Construction Development EPB other sensitive area in order to minimize the impact on the environment. Co. Ltd. - Regularly monitoring.
Quzhou City Qujiang Qujiang District - The plant shall liaise with nearby residents; regularly understand and solve District Urban Rural Social environment Operation period 5.0 subproject office, local / / any problem during factory running period; Construction Development EPB Co. Ltd. - Prepare the environmental risk emergency plan,and strengthen training. -Strengthen the internal management system, including regular maintenance and technical training; Quzhou City Qujiang Qujiang District -The sewage treatment plant shall adopt the double-circuit system to improve District Urban Rural Environmental risk Accident period 50.0 subproject office, local / / the power supply reliability. Construction Development EPB -United operating the reservoir upstream to reduce the influence of water Co. Ltd. downstream.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) Appendix 195
Potential Implementation Budget Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Monitoring Mitigation measures impacts/issues schedule (RMB, 10,000 Yuan) implementation supervision indicators/parameters frequency Pan’an Jianshan Town Wastewater Collection and Treatment Construction period -Open air stacking yards and bare places to be protected by geotextile. - Pay attention to the dust pollution in the construction, In strong wind or dry Pan’an County weather,the construction site shall be cleaned regularly, spray water for 4-5 Jianshan subproject times a day. Dust Construction period 5.0 Contractor office, supervision TSP 1 time/2 months - Transportation vehicles shall slow down when passing through the unit, local EPB, local neighborhoods or entering into the construction area; maintain the monitoring station construction machinery well. -Regularly monitoring. - Using low-noise equipment; Pan’an County - Reasonably arrange the construction time and prohibit night construction; Jianshan subproject Construction noise - Set up a temporary sound barrier: In the area having the high noise Construction period 6.0 Contractor, office, supervision LeqdB(A) 1 time/2 months equipment, if there is a residential area within 100m, a sound barrier shall be unit, local EPB local set up temporarily to reduce the noise pollution. monitoring station - The soil clean up and transport waste disposal plan should report to Pan’an County Sanitation place; - Waste soil and construction waste shall be filled into the designated places Pan’an County according to the municipal and planning department; Daily Spoil & Building waste Construction period 1.0 Contractor Jianshan subproject Construction waste - During construction, the abandoned sand, building materials, steel, supervision office, supervision unit packaging materials, etc shall be managed and recycled by the specially- assigned person; the working surfaces shall be cleaned timely without lasting problems. Pan’an County Daily Garbage -Set garbage bins, and transport to the Dongbeitaidi Landfill. Construction period 1.0 Contractor subproject Garbage supervision office,,supervision unit - Reasonably arrange the construction time; avoid construction in rainy day; shorten the piled up time of earth and stone. Pan’an County -The earth and stone shall be piled up reasonably; they must be kept 10m Jianshan subproject Daily Soil erosion away from Xiajia creek to prevent them from flowing into the river and reduce Construction period 16.0 Contractor Soil erosion office, supervision supervision the influence of soil erosion. unit, local EPB - The temporary dump shall be protected by geotextile.
- During construction there shall be a sedimentation basin to drain out the rain water, piling mud water, waterlogging, etc after they have been sedimentation treated to meet the standard. Pan’an County -The domestic sewage from the constructor working along the pipeline shall Jianshan subproject Construction be brought into the village treatment system along the pipeline. COD, NH3-N，SS, Construction period 3.0 Contractor office, supervision 1 time/2 months wastewater - The construction materials like the fuel and chemicals cannot be piled near unit, local EPB, local petroleum the river; Weir located around the block, and with the temporary shelter of monitoring station canvas to prevent wind erosion and storm into the water. -Regularly monitoring.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 196 Appendix
Potential Implementation Budget Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Monitoring Mitigation measures impacts/issues schedule (RMB, 10,000 Yuan) implementation supervision indicators/parameters frequency -Put a sign in the construction site, indicating the project content and construction time, pleasing public understanding the construction inconvenience, as well as informing the contact person, complaints hotline, etc. Pan’an County - Avoid the rush hour in order to reduce traffic congestion and reduce the Jianshan subproject Daily Social environment influence on the resident travel; Construction period 20.0 Contractor / office, supervision supervision - Strengthening the environmental protection training of the construction unit, local EPB management personnel and construction personnel. - If discover the cultural relics, must stop construction and tell the local cultural relic protection department; cannot excavate again before the end of the cultural relic identification and protection work. - After construction timely regreen or reclaim the temporary using land in Pan’an County Ecological order to restore the original function of land; Jianshan subproject Construction period 20 Contractor / / environment - Try to save the land occupied office, supervision - Carry out the ecological environmental protection training to the contractor; unit, local EPB Operation period - The biological deodorization device shall be installed in the sewage pump station to reduce stench surroundings. -Set up the atmospheric health protection distance and the residence area within the protection distance shall be environmental removed. - Set up the biological deodorization system, and the sludge storage house Zhejiang Panan Industrial Pan’an County Odor shall adopt the closed construction in order to ensure the effective operation Operation period 200 Park Development and Jianshan subproject NH3、H2S 1 time/2 months of deodorization system. Investment Co. Ltd. office, local EPB -Build the green belt separation around the plant to form the three- dimensional grass, shrub and arbor shelter; use space for afforestation and plant trees in the factory to reduce stench surroundings. -Regularly monitoring. - Install fume purifying machine, the purification rate shall not be less than 60%; Zhejiang Pan’an Industrial Pan’an County Canteen exhaust Regular - Fume waste gas to be discharge through 15m discharge cylinder when Operation period 0.5 Park Development Jianshan subproject Cooking fume fumes monitoring treated and up to standard; Investment Co., LTD office, local EPB - Regular monitoring. -The wastewater in the pipe must satisfy grade 3 standards of first class pollutants specified in “Integrated wastewater discharge standard”(GB8987- Pan’an County Major industrial enterprise Inlet water quality 1996) and meet the requirements of “Discharge Standard for Municipal Operation period / Jianshan subproject / / in service scope Wastewater” (CJ3082-1999). office, local EPB - Regularly monitoring. Zhejiang Panan Industrial -Install the online monitoring system. Pan’an County Park Development and Daily Outlet water quality - sanquli Hydropower must meet 0.85m3 / s minimum environmental water Operation period / Jianshan subproject COD, NH3-N Investment Co. Ltd. supervision requirements. office, local EPB
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) Appendix 197
Potential Implementation Budget Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Monitoring Mitigation measures impacts/issues schedule (RMB, 10,000 Yuan) implementation supervision indicators/parameters frequency -Adopt the low noise equipment; the blower house, sewage pump room, etc are suggested to adopt the seal wall or double window construction for sound insulation; the equipment foundation shall be equipped the vibration pad and Zhejiang Panan Industrial Pan’an County Noise so on to reduce the noise caused by the equipment vibration; the air pipe shall Operation period 10.0 Park Development and Jianshan subproject LeqdB(A) 1 time/2 months be installed the throttle device, silencer, etc. Investment Co. Ltd. office, local EPB - Regularly monitoring. -The sludge must be dewatered, and its water content must satisfy the relevant requirements, at last it must be disposed by Dongbeitaidi landfill. - All the trucks carrying sludge shall be sealed to prevent water leakage and Zhejiang Panan Industrial Pan’an County Sludge stinking. Transportation time and line must be predetermined and strictly kept; Operation period 30.0 Park Development and Jianshan subproject Heavy metal 1 time/2 months Try to avoid the busy road, the commercial and residential area as well as any Investment Co. Ltd. office, local EPB other sensitive area in order to minimize the impact on the environment. - Regularly monitoring. Zhejiang Panan Industrial Pan’an County - The plant shall liaise with nearby residents; regularly understand and solve Social environment Operation period 5.0 Park Development and Jianshan subproject / / any problem during factory running period; Investment Co. Ltd. office, local EPB - Prepare the environmental risk emergency plan and strengthen training; - Strengthen the internal management system, including regular maintenance Zhejiang Panan Industrial Pan’an County Environmental risk and technical training; Emergency situation 50.0 Park Development and Jianshan subproject / / -The sewage treatment plant shall adopt the double-circuit system to improve Investment Co. Ltd. office, local EPB the power supply reliability. Youbu Town(New District) Wastewater Collection and Treatment Construction period -Open air stacking yards and bare places to be protected by geotextile. - Pay attention to the dust pollution in the construction, In strong wind or dry Lanxi City subproject weather,the construction site shall be cleaned regularly, spray water for 4-5 office, supervision times a day.. unit, local Dust Construction period 5.0 Contractor TSP 1 time/2 months - Transportation vehicles shall slow down when passing through the environmental , local neighborhoods or entering into the construction area; maintain the monitoring station construction machinery well. protection bureau -Regularly monitoring. - Using low-noise equipment; Lanxi City subproject - Reasonably arrange the construction time and prohibit night construction; office, supervision Construction noise Construction period 6.0 Contractor LeqdB(A) 1 time/2 months - Set up a temporary sound barrier: In the area having the high noise unit, local EPB, local equipment, if there is a residential area within 100m, a sound barrier shall be monitoring station set up temporarily to reduce the noise pollution. -The soil clean up and transport waste disposal plan should report to Lanxi Spoil & Building waste Construction period 1.0 Contractor Construction waste City Construction Bureau; Lanxi City subproject Daily
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 198 Appendix
Potential Implementation Budget Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Monitoring Mitigation measures impacts/issues schedule (RMB, 10,000 Yuan) implementation supervision indicators/parameters frequency - Waste soil and construction waste shall be filled into the designated places office, supervision unit supervision according to the municipal and planning department; - During construction, the abandoned sand, building materials, steel, packaging materials, etc shall be managed and recycled by the specially- assigned person; the working surfaces shall be cleaned timely without lasting problems. Longyou subproject Daily Garbage -Set garbage bins, and transport to the Lanxi Landfill. Construction period 1.0 Contractor Garbage office, supervision unit supervision - Reasonably arrange the construction time; avoid construction in rainy day; shorten the piled up time of earth and stone. Lanxi City subproject -The earth and stone shall be piled up reasonably; they must be kept away Daily Soil erosion Construction period 16.0 Contractor office, supervision Soil erosion from the river to prevent them from flowing into the river and reduce the supervision unit, local EPB influence of soil erosion. - The temporary dump shall be protected by geotextile. - During construction there shall be a sedimentation basin to drain out the rain water, piling mud water, waterlogging, etc after they have been sedimentation treated to meet the standard. -The domestic sewage from the constructor working along the pipeline shall Lanxi City subproject Construction be brought into the village treatment system along the pipeline. office, supervision COD, NH3-N，SS, Construction period 3.0 Contractor 1 time/2 months wastewater - The construction materials like the fuel and chemicals cannot be piled near unit, local EPB, local petroleum the river; Weir located around the block, and with the temporary shelter of monitoring station canvas to prevent wind erosion and storm into the water. -Regularly monitoring.
-Put a sign in the construction site, indicating the project content and construction time, pleasing public understanding the construction inconvenience, as well as informing the contact person, complaints hotline, etc. - Avoid the rush hour in order to reduce traffic congestion and reduce the Lanxi City subproject influence on the resident travel; Daily Social environment Construction period 20.0 Contractor office, supervision / - Strengthening the environmental protection training of the construction supervision unit, local EPB management personnel and construction personnel. - If discover the cultural relics, must stop construction and tell the local cultural relic protection department; cannot excavate again before the end of the cultural relic identification and protection work.
- After construction timely regreen or reclaim the temporary using land in order to restore the original function of land; Lanxi City subproject Ecological - Try to save the land occupied Construction period 20 Contractor office, supervision / / environment - Carry out the ecological environmental protection training to the contractor; unit, local EPB
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) Appendix 199
Potential Implementation Budget Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Monitoring Mitigation measures impacts/issues schedule (RMB, 10,000 Yuan) implementation supervision indicators/parameters frequency Operation period - The biological deodorization device shall be installed in the sewage pump station to reduce stench surroundings. -Set the atmospheric health protection distance 150m. - Set up the biological deodorization system, and the sludge storage house Lanxi Youbu Town shall adopt the closed construction in order to ensure the effective operation Lanxi City subproject Odor Operation period 200 Infrastructure Construction NH3、H2S 1 time/2 months of deodorization system. office, local EPB Co. Ltd. -Build the green belt separation around the plant to form the three- dimensional grass, shrub and arbor shelter; use space for afforestation and plant trees in the factory to reduce stench surroundings. -Regularly monitoring. -The wastewater in the pipe must satisfy grade 3 standards of first class pollutants specified in “Integrated wastewater discharge standard”(GB8987- Major industrial enterprise Lanxi City subproject Inlet water quality 1996) and meet the requirements of “Discharge Standard for Municipal Operation period / / / in service scope office, local EPB Wastewater” (CJ3082-1999). - Regularly monitoring. Lanxi Youbu Town Lanxi City subproject Daily Outlet water quality -Install the online monitoring system. Operation period / Infrastructure Construction COD, NH3-N office, local EPB supervision Co. Ltd. -Adopt the low noise equipment; the blower house, sewage pump room, etc are suggested to adopt the seal wall or double window construction for sound Lanxi Youbu Town insulation; the equipment foundation shall be equipped the vibration pad and Lanxi City subproject Noise Operation period 10.0 Infrastructure Construction LeqdB(A) 1 time/2 months so on to reduce the noise caused by the equipment vibration; the air pipe shall office, local EPB Co. Ltd. be installed the throttle device, silencer, etc. - Regularly monitoring. -The sludge must be dewatered, and its water content must satisfy the relevant requirements, at last it must be disposed by Lanxi landfill. - All the trucks carrying sludge shall be sealed to prevent water leakage and Lanxi Youbu Town Lanxi City subproject Sludge stinking. Transportation time and line must be predetermined and strictly kept; Operation period 30.0 Infrastructure Construction Heavy metal 1 time/2 months office, local EPB Try to avoid the busy road, the commercial and residential area as well as any Co. Ltd. other sensitive area in order to minimize the impact on the environment. - Regularly monitoring. Lanxi Youbu Town - The plant shall liaise with nearby residents; regularly understand and solve Lanxi City subproject Social environment Operation period 5.0 Infrastructure Construction / / any problem during factory running period; office, local EPB Co. Ltd. - Prepare the environmental risk emergency plan,and strengthen training; - Strengthen the internal management system, including regular maintenance Lanxi Youbu Town Lanxi City subproject Environmental risk and technical training; Emergency situation 50.0 Infrastructure Construction / / office, local EPB -The sewage treatment plant shall adopt the double-circuit system to improve Co. Ltd. the power supply reliability. Note: In addition to monitoring, training, other projects need to be included in the total investment.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 200 Appendix
EMP of Solid Waste Component Monitoring Potential Implementation Budget (RMB, 10,000 Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Mitigation measures indicators/ impacts/issues schedule Yuan) implementation supervision frequency parameters Jiande Meicheng Solid Waste Management
Construction period -Open air stacking yards and bare places to be protected by geotextile. -Pay attention to the dust pollution in the construction, In strong wind or dry weather,the construction site shall be cleaned regularly, spray water for 4-5 Jiande sub-project times a day. . office, supervision Dust construction period 5.0 Contracto TSP Once/2 months unit, local EPB , -The transportation vehicle passing habitants area or entering construction local monitor station area shall be decelerated. The construction plants shall be well maintained. -Regular monitor -Using low-noisy equipment Jiande sub-project -Rationally arranging construction time, not construction at night construction office, supervision construction period 6.0 Contractor LeqdB(A) Once/2 months noise -Setting temporary acoustic barrier. If in 100m from high-noisy equipment using unit, local EPB, local area there is habitant area temporary acoustic barrier shall be set to decrease monitor station noise contamination, decrease noise contamination. -The soil clean up and transport waste disposal plan should report to Jiande City Construction Bureau; Jiande sub-project Spoil & Building -The spoil and building refuses shall be filled at place appointed by municipal construction period 1.0 Contractor office, supervision building refuses Daily supervision waste works and land department. unit -The disposed sand, stone, building materials, steel and packing materials shall be well managed, collected and timely cleaned without residual. Jiande subproject Garbage -Set garbage bins, and transport to the Jiande City Landfill. Construction period 1.0 Contractor office, supervision Garbage Daily supervision unit -The cutting and filling job shall be arranged in non-flood period, the soil-earth stacking time shall be shortened, the earth shall be packed in straw bag and then filled and temporary protective measures shall be taken such as cutting Jiande sub-project Soil erosion open ditch to decrease soil and water loss. construction period 16.0 Contractor office, supervision Soil and water loss Daily supervision unit, local EPB -After completion of construction, the temporary building shall be removed and the building refuses cleared off to recover the previous function.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) Appendix 201
Monitoring Potential Implementation Budget (RMB, 10,000 Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Mitigation measures indicators/ impacts/issues schedule Yuan) implementation supervision frequency parameters -During construction period settlement tank shall be set to settle the rain water, piling slurry water and site collected water to meet requirement before outwards discharge Jiande sub-project -The construction personnel’s domestic sewage along pipeline shall be Construction office, supervision COD, NH3-N, SS, discharged to village treatment system treatment system. construction period 3.0 Contractor Once/2 months wastewater unit, local EPB, local petroleums - The construction materials like the fuel and chemicals cannot be piled near monitor station the river; Weir located around the block, and with the temporary shelter of canvas to prevent wind erosion and storm into the water. -Regular monitor. -Put a sign in the construction site, indicating the project content and construction time, pleasing public understanding the construction inconvenience, as well as informing the contact person, complaints hotline, etc. - Avoid the rush hour in order to reduce traffic congestion and reduce the Jiande sub-project Social influence on the resident travel; construction period 20.0 Contractor office, supervision / Daily supervision environment - Strengthening the environmental protection training of the construction unit, local EPB management personnel and construction personnel. - If discover the cultural relics, must stop construction and tell the local cultural relic protection department; cannot excavate again before the end of the cultural relic identification and protection work. - After construction timely regreen or reclaim the temporary using land in order Jiande sub-project ecological to restore the original function of land; construction period 20 Contractor office, supervision / / environment - Try to save the land occupied unit, local EPB - Carry out the ecological environmental protection training to the contractor; Operation period -Using sleeve burner to ensure sufficient burning time and temperature and render methane and some bad odor gases sufficient oxidation burning Jiande sub-project Landfill gas -Intensifying safety and protection of explosive gas in landfill yard area to avoid operation period 80.0 Jiande landfill TSP,CH4, H2S,NH3 Once/2 months office, local EPB risk of collection of methane waste gas -Fixing 24 -hour methane gas automatic monitor alarm -Separation of clear water and sewage -percolated liquid collecting measures, new-building leachate treatment system Jiande sub-project Leachate operation period 2095 Jiande landfill CODCr, NH3--N Once/2 months of treatment capacity not below 200m3/d to conform to “Domestic refuses office, local EPB landfill contamination control standard (GB16889-2008). -In landfill yard adopting level mode measures of anti-seepage coefficient Jiande sub-project pH, Hg, As, Pb, Cr, Ground water below 1.0×10-7cm/s; operation period Jiande landfill Once/2 months office, local EPB total N -Regular monitor. -Purchasing low-noisy advanced equipment to essentially control high-noise -In percolated liquid pre-treatment system using some pump, fan, silencer and vibration-absorbing pad, building equipment house, isolating sound from doors, Jiande sub-project Noise windows and wall with isolation capacity not below 25dB. operation period 10 Jiande landfill LeqdB(A) Once/2 months office, local EPB -Intensifying regular maintenance of refuses landfill plants -Intensifying control of traffic and management of transportation vehicle, and decreasing horning of refuses transportation vehicle along road in yard area.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 202 Appendix
Monitoring Potential Implementation Budget (RMB, 10,000 Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Mitigation measures indicators/ impacts/issues schedule Yuan) implementation supervision frequency parameters -In-blocks borrowing earth to avoid massive stacking of covering earth, properly keeping the surface spoil and taking effective measures to avoid soil Each twice in July Ecological Jiande sub-project Fly and mosquito and water loss during rainy period operation period 50 Jiande landfill and August every environment office, local EPB density -Killing fly and mosquito in landfill yard area to ensure working personnel’s year health. transportation system -Intensifying management of refuse collection and transportation system, timely clearing and transforming refuse, enclosing and regularly maintaining transportation vehicle, taking necessary labor protection measures for Jiande sub-project Odor operators (mask and gloves) and minimizing the disadvantageous impact of operation period / Jiande landfill / / refuse collection and transportation system office, local EPB -Keeping the refuses vehicle transportation route away from habitants centralized area and selecting rational transportation time Environmental risks -Ensuring construction quality of gas-guide stone cage’s collection system, keeping effective gas-guide radius 50m and rectangular arrangement, during landfill job preventing cage from burial, collision or shift, and arranging new stone cage with expansion of refuses landfill plane. -Using scattered discharge mode in gas discharge system, fixing a gas discharge tube in 1 gas guide tube, keeping the discharge port 1.2m over the Landfill gas Jiande sub-project final covered layer, setting gas discharge guard, maintaining the surrounding, operation period / Jiande landfill / / explosion intensively and regularly checking methane concentration in yard area, at office, local EPB methane concentration above 5%, igniting gas guide tube port -After final enclosing, fixing burning unit to make regular burning and venting or through collection pipe net system extracting, collecting and purifying the gas to use as energy.
-As per engineering design requirements ensuring quality of HDPE artificial film anti-seepage layer and artificial film clay protection layer and laying dual-layer HDPE film. -Establishing perfect percolated liquid level collection system, vertical collection Jiande sub-project Leachate leakage (gas guide stone cage) system and perforated liquid conveyance system. operation period 200 Jiande landfill / / office, local EPB -Completely leading out percolated liquid without leakage. Timely pumping refuses landfill yard percolated liquid to keep inside of landfill yard under negative pressure and decreasing leakage probability.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) Appendix 203
Monitoring Potential Implementation Budget (RMB, 10,000 Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Mitigation measures indicators/ impacts/issues schedule Yuan) implementation supervision frequency parameters After expiration of service period -At yard enclosing, well treating surface, covering 30cm-thick natural soil, and then 15～20cm-thick clay, and compacting them to prevent rainwater from infiltration into fill body .
Impact of yard -At yard enclosing keeping the final surface a slope towards a direction for easy drain Expiration of service Jiande sub-project enclosing 80 Jiande landfill / / period office, local EPB -After landfill, enclosing yard, recovering the ecological environment rand continuously guiding and treating percolated liquid and landfill gas -After stabilization of landfill yard and through monitoring, verification and approval by related department, properly developing and utilizing for urban ecological greening, instead of for construction land Disposal of existing old lanfill
-To implant shaft and other measures to prevent landfill gas explosion landfill accidents. Shaft center of the stone can be used perforated pipe cage, guided Jiande sub-project yard enclosing / Jiande landfill CH4, H2S,NH3 / gas air stone cage diameter φ1200mm, the steel wire filled with graded gravel office, local EPB composition.
- Severing ditch around the set, and to consider the closure of field impermeable membrane, impermeable membrane sealing field guide to consider landfill gas emission; Jiande sub-project pH, Hg, As, Pb, Cr, Leachate - Set vertical seepage around the landfill and monitoring wells; yard enclosing / Jiande landfill / office, local EPB total N - Lower construction waste leachate collection system, which ranked as the guide to Landfill leachate collection pond (to be considered impervious), promptly transported to to the new landfill leachate treatment plant. Note: In addition to monitoring, training, other projects need to be included in the total investment.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 204 Appendix
EMP of Old Town Infrastructure Component Potential Implementation Budget Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Monitoring Mitigation measures impacts/issues schedule (RMB, 10,000 Yuan) implementation supervision indicators/parameters frequency Youbu Old Town Infrastructure Project design stage The “Relics protection law” and “Regulation on implementation of relics protection law” shall be executed. The relics or ancient buildings protection in the project area, if any, shall be at first reported to related relic administrative department for approval. The pavement of Zhongshan Street and Jiefang Street shall be Lanxi City sub-project Relics remedied and the pipe net shall be laid by the unit of qualification certificate of design stage / design unit office, Lanxi Culture / / protection relic protection works and at least 2 years’ experiences and the requirements Bureau shall be listed in project bid -The design scheme shall be examined and approved by Lanxi Culture Bureau before implementation.
construction period -Open air stacking yards and bare places to be protected by geotextile. - Pay attention to the dust pollution in the construction, In strong wind or dry weather,the construction site shall be cleaned regularly, spray water for 4-5 Lanxi City sub-project times a day. office, supervision Dust construction period 5.0 contractor, TSP Once/2 months -Transportation vehicles shall slow down when passing through the unit, local EPB, local neighborhoods or entering into the construction area; maintain the monitoring station construction machinery well. -Regularly monitoring. - Using low-noise equipment; - Reasonably arrange the construction time and prohibit night construction; Lanxi City sub-project Construction office, supervision - Set up a temporary sound barrier: In the area having the high noise construction period 6.0 contractor LeqdB(A) Once/2 months noise unit, local EPB, local equipment, if there is a residential area within 100m, a sound barrier shall be monitor station set up temporarily to reduce the noise pollution. -Near the Old Bridge (Taiping Bridge, Yongfu Bridge, Yong’an Bridge, Yongji Bridge) and the neighborhoods near the old road construction should be low Lanxi City sub-project Construction office, supervision VLz vibration construction methods; construction period 10.0 contractor Regular monitoring Vibration unit, local EPB, local (dB) - Regular monitoring. monitor station
-The soil clean up and transport waste disposal plan should report to Lanxi City Construction Bureau; - Waste soil and construction waste shall be filled into the designated places according to the municipal and planning department; Spoil & Building Lanxi City sub-project Construction period 1.0 contractor building refuses Daily supervision waste - During construction, the abandoned sand, building materials, steel, office, supervision unit packaging materials, etc shall be managed and recycled by the specially- assigned person; the working surfaces shall be cleaned timely without lasting problems.
Lanxi City sub-project Garbage -Set garbage bins, and transport to Lanxi Landfill. Construction period 1.0 Contractor office, supervision unit Garbage Daily supervision
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) Appendix 205
Potential Implementation Budget Responsibility for Responsibility for Monitoring Monitoring Mitigation measures impacts/issues schedule (RMB, 10,000 Yuan) implementation supervision indicators/parameters frequency
- Reasonably arrange the construction time; avoid construction in rainy day; Lanxi City sub-project shorten the piled up time of earth and stone. Soil erosion Construction period 16.0 contractor office, supervision Soil and water loss Daily supervision - Put the earthwork properly, keep 10m distance to near the creek, try not to unit, local EPB flow into the river, reduce the impact of soil erosion on river. - During construction there shall be a sedimentation basin to drain out the rain water, piling mud water, waterlogging, etc after they have been sedimentation treated to meet the standard. Lanxi City sub-project -The domestic sewage from the constructor working along the pipeline shall be Construction office, supervision COD, NH3-N, SS, brought into the village treatment system along the pipeline. Construction period 3.0 contractor Once/2 months wastewater unit, local EPB , local petroleums - The construction materials like the fuel and chemicals cannot be piled near the monitoring station river; Weir located around the block, and with the temporary shelter of canvas to prevent wind erosion and storm into the water. -Regularly monitoring. -Put a sign in the construction site, indicating the project content and construction time, pleasing public understanding the construction inconvenience, as well as informing the contact person, complaints hotline, etc. - Avoid the rush hour in order to reduce traffic congestion and reduce the Lanxi City sub-project Social influence on the resident travel; construction period 20.0 contractor office, supervision / daily supervision environment - Strengthening the environmental protection training of the construction unit, local EPB management personnel and construction personnel. - If discover the cultural relics, must stop construction and tell the local cultural relic protection department; cannot excavate again before the end of the cultural relic identification and protection work. Lanxi City sub-project - After construction timely regreen or reclaim the temporary using land in order to office, supervision Ecological restore the original function of land; construction period 20 contractor unit, local / / environment - Try to save the land occupied environmental - Carry out the ecological environmental protection training to the contractor; protection bureau -Before construction, the design construction scheme shall be submitted to relic Lanxi City sub-project administration management department for examination and approva. office, relics - During remedying and of ancient buildings and reforming of their inharmonic administration Relics portions, removal shall be minimized to decrease the impact on ancient building. construction period 40 contractor management / / protection - At construction, the involved ancient buildings and ancient bridges shall be department, specially protected. The designed route shall be kept away from them as far as supervision unit, local possible to avoid their damage. For ancient buildings and ancient bridges EPB necessary protection facilities shall be provided.
Lanxi Youbu Town -Set the speed limit signs; Lanxi City sub-project Traffic noise Operation period 25.0 Infrastructure Construction Leq dB(A) 1 time/2 months -Regular monitoring. office, , local EPB Co. Ltd. Lanxi Youbu Town - Sections of the road through the village, set traffic warning signs, traffic Lanxi City sub-project Traffic Safety Operation period 10.0 Infrastructure Construction Daily supervision lights and pedestrian access. office, , local EPB / Co. Ltd. Note: In addition to monitoring, training, other projects need to be included in the total investment.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 206 Appendix
List of total Buget of EMP of each sub-project unit: yuan(RMB) Monitor cost Sub-Project Construction Safety management cost Training fee Total Buget of EMP Operation period period Zhuji Water Supply and Distribution 36900 57600 10000 35000 139500 Wucheng Water Supply and Distribution 36900 57600 10000 35000 139500 Longyou Wastewater Collection 96075 39600 10000 35000 180675 Pan’an Wastewater Collection (Yunshan) 74700 45000 10000 35000 164700 Pan’an Wastewater Collection(Shenzhe) 205200 31725 10000 35000 281925 Tonglu Jiangnan Town Wastewater Collection 46800 40950 10000 35000 132750 Jiande Wastewater Collection and Treatment 109500 101400 10000 35000 255900 Qujiang Wastewater Collection and Treatment 96000 65400 10000 35000 206400 Pan’an Jianshan Town Wastewater Collection and Treatment 115200 108600 10000 35000 268800 Youbu Town(New District) Wastewater Collection and 99000 81600 10000 35000 225600 Treatment Jiande Meicheng Solid Waste Management 29100 420450 10000 35000 494550 Youbu Old Town Infrastructure Project 156375 27900 10000 35000 229275 Total 2719575
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) Appendix 207
Appendix Ⅲ :
HES of Each Subproject
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 208 Appendix
HES of Each Subproject Environmental Professional health Safe production protection Zhuji Water Supply and Distribution ·In accordance with “Industry enterprises noise health standard’ issued by the Ministry ·Before operation of water supply project, operators and managerial personnel shall be instructed on safety, necessary of Health and the Ministry of Labor and in combination with noise standard for industry safe operation specification and management system shall be worked out and operators shall be granted with qualification enterprise’ production shop and job location control noise-contacting time certificate before independent work. ·The walk and platform bridge of water purifying structure shall be provided with stainless steel guard rails and the walk ·The blast house shall be kept apart from personnel-centralized place. width, guardrail height and their strength shall conform to labor protection specification ·The open water pond shall be provided with life buoy and life jackets. ·At setting of water pump set and blast set, the machine house shall be separated As per the from duty-room with dual-wall (door and window). The operators work in duty-room at ·In addition to ventilation to keep clean indoor air, the chlorine application room and chlorine warehouse shall be provided environmental noise below 85dB and they make patrol inspection in machine house for at utmost with chlorine leakage detector, chlorine safe absorber and gas mask to treat occasional chlorine leakage accident. assessment report 0.5hour. and its approval ·The arrangement of electric devices and operation room shall be designed as per state standards and the sub-distribution room and duty-room shall be provided with dry extinguishers. ·The duty-room shall be separated from machine house to minimize its room temperature. The equipment shall be centrally manipulated in duty-room to decrease ·The oxygen and acetylene necessary for repair shop shall be separately stored at storage distance above 15m. operators’ opportunity and time of contacting heat source ·The machine house shall be installed some ventilation devices and, if necessary, ·Except for a few of inflammable materials (e.g. car fuel, machine oil and paint), the plant has no special fire-protection the .necessary, the centralized control room, water pump house and blast house duty- requirements and in the design dangerous goods warehouse shall be built and separated from other buildings. The water room shall be fixed with air conditioner. works and pump station shall be provided with outdoor hydrants as per specification. Wucheng Water Supply and Distribution ·Both sides of walks on top of each open water pond shall be provided with guardrail of height at least 1.1m as well as life ·In accordance with “Industry enterprises noise health standard’ issued by the buoy and life jackets. Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Labor and in combination with noise standard for industry enterprise’ production shop and job location control noise-contacting time. ·Using high-safe, automatic controlled advanced chlorine dioxide preparation and application equipment.
·Good sound-isolation dual-layer wood door and dual-layer glazed window shall be ·In addition to ventilation to keep clean indoor air, the chlorine application room and chlorine warehouse shall be provided used between duty room and pump house. with chlorine leakage detector, alarm and gas mask.
As per the ·The electric devices in sub-distribution room shall be arranged as per electrical safe standard and electrical safe operation ·The surrounding of machine house shall be greened to avoid noise diffusion. environmental specification shall be worked out. The sub-distribution room shall be provided with dry extinguishers. assessment report and its approval ·The machine house shall be installed some ventilation devices, and if possible, the ·The oxygen cylinder and acetylene cylinder necessary for repair shop shall be separately stored at storage distance above duty-room may be fixed with air conditioner. 15mand apart from fire source. ·Except for a few of inflammable and explosive materials (e.g. gasoline, machine oil and paint) in water purification plant, there is no special fire-protection requirement. If necessary, in the design dangerous goods warehouse shall be built, separated from other buildings, and managed by special persons. ·The general layout and fire protection of water purification plant problems shall be designed as per “Fire protection
specification in building design” (GBJ16-87, 2001).
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) Appendix 209
Environmental Professional health Safe production protection
Jiande Meicheng Solid Waste Management
·The refuses shall be land filled as per standard, compacted in layers and covered ·Setting hydrants in life management area, making distance between working rooms conform to specification, providing every day. loop fire passage surrounding shop and office building, no smoking or fire in .landfill job area
·A sterilization team shall be set in plant to regularly spray pesticides to eliminate odor ·:Providing protection guard or stopper for exposed portions of running equipment in management area and providing over- and kill rat and flies current breaker for transformer ·The landfill yard first-line operators shall be provided with necessary labor protective ·Designing the yard area’s flood protection capacity in maximum 24-hour storms in twenty-year flood and providing goods, including work cloth and masks temporary guardrails surrounding landfill job area to avoid flying ·Intensifying environment monitor and protection, regularly checking yard area methane concentration, and setting ·Providing bathrooms, change rooms and rest rooms automatic ignition unit at gas guide tube. ·Intensifying environment monitor and protection, regularly checking yard area methane concentration, and at given concentration making automatic burning and ·Setting fire protection facilities and protecting for fire as per design and specification discharge ·Regular monitoring yard area drinking water quality ·Taking care of safety and even stopping job in lightning or rainy day
·Laying power cable and control cable in duct channel. Setting gate vale shaft for pipeline and gate valve and connecting As per the ·Providing extinguishers and lightning-protector the operation rod on ground for easy operation environmental
assessment report and its approval ·The inflammable, explosive and toxic substances shall be stored in special warehouses, which shall be kept by special ·Rendering operators regular health inspection and prevention person and meet requirements on labor protection. ·Any electric device shall be installed and protected as per related safety standards and left with sufficient safety standard ·Instructing employees on safety and individual health distance. ·Using high-effective low-noisy equipment. For device of high noise-level adopting sound isolation, silencing, sound- ·Always monitoring density of rat, fly and mosquito to improve sterilization efficiency absorbing and vibration-absorbing measures to make noise conform to standard
·Checking effect of safety and health measures and setting safety file to timely find ·Fixing protectors for dangerous portions of machine and equipment such as driving belt, open gear and abrasive out weak links. ·The construction unit shall entrust related department to study the background of environment health. · Setting proper production auxiliary facilities, e.g. clinic, bathrooms, toilets, change rooms and rest room and keeping good, clean and healthy conditions
·The walk and platform bridge of treatment structure shall be provided with stainless steel guardrails and the walk width, guardrail height and their strength shall conform to labor protection specification.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 210 Appendix
Environmental Professional health Safe production protection Jiande Wastewater Collection and Treatment ·Working out institutional systems, and using specification safety equipment such as The walk and platform bridge of treatment structure shall be provided with stainless steel guardrails and the walk width, safe cap, safe shoes, ear protective sleeves, work cloth and gas detector guardrail height and their strength shall conform to labor protection specification. ·In accordance with “Industry enterprises noise health standard’ issued by the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Labor and in combination with noise standard for ·In section generating toxic gas, providing H2S detector, ventilation system and gas mask industry enterprise’ production shop and job location control noise-contacting time. ·Good sound-isolation dual-layer wood door and dual-layer glazed window shall be ·In location generating harmful gas such as dewatering machine house making mechanical ventilation and meeting air- used between duty room and pump house. replacement requirements As per the environmental ·The surrounding of machine house shall be greened to avoid noise diffusion. ·Providing labor protective goods such as life jackets, life buoy, safe belts and safe cap assessment report ·The machine house shall be installed some ventilation devices, and if possible, the ·The inflammable, explosive and toxic substances shall be stored in special warehouses, which shall be kept by special and its approval duty-room may be fixed with air conditioner. person and meet requirements on labor protection. ·Any electric device shall be installed and protected as per related safety standards
·Using low-noisy immersion pump and providing vibration-absorbing pad, silencer and sound isolation guard on fan to
prevent noise from outwards diffusion and fixing effective sound isolation facilities between duty-room and blast house.
·Working out emergency response plan, accident feed-back treatment system and safety management system.
·Providing powder extinguishers in sub-distribution room and chemical application room Qujiang Wastewater Collection and Treatment As per the ·Before operation of water supply project, operators and managerial personnel shall be instructed on safety, necessary ·In accordance with “Industry enterprises noise health standard” issued by the environmental safe operation specification and management system shall be worked out assessment report Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Labor and in combination with noise standard for and its approval industry enterprise’s production shop and job location control noise-contacting time. The walk and platform bridge of each structure shall be provided with stainless steel guardrails and the walk width, guardrail height and their strength shall conform to labor protection specification. Keeping machine and pump house away from personal-centralized place as far as In section generating toxic gas, providing H2S detector, ventilation system and gas mask possible and keeping it from duty-room. Using low-speed water pump, in blast fixing inlet and outlet air silencer sound isolation guard and taking vibration absorbing ·In location generating harmful gas such as dewatering machine house making mechanical ventilation and meeting air- measures for foundation. replacement requirements ·Providing labor protective goods such as life jackets, life buoy, safe belt and safe cap in plant and station ·Setting gate vale shaft for pipeline and gate valve and connecting the operation rod on ground for easy operation ·In case of drop height from operation, maintenance, adjustment and check position above 2m, platform and anti-drop guardrails shall be provided. ·The inflammable, explosive and toxic substances shall be stored in special warehouses, which shall be kept by special person and meet requirements on labor protection. ·In pump house and sewage plant’s sub-station dry effective and economical transformer shall be used. The electric equipment arrangement and operation gap shall meet related requirements on safety and protection distance of and electric equipment.
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) Appendix 211
Environmental Professional health Safe production protection ·The sub-station, sewage pump house, blast house, file room, printing room and data room shall be provided with powder extinguishers. Pan’an Wastewater Collection (Yunshan) ·As per features of features sewage treatment system working out professional health and safety management and production technical measures plan, determining professional health and safe production accident emergency rescue scheme, ·Building platform in production structures and setting safety protection rails, handrails in platform emergency measures and establishing related organization. In case of accident reporting related department report and at treatment of accident avoiding secondary injury ·For workers engaging in dangerous job in working time effecting accidental insurance As per the ·In overall layout of sewage pump station, separating office and life area from and ·Surely zeroing and grounding electric equipment and keeping sufficient safe operation distance environmental production area, setting odor-removal system, effectively improving work assessment report environment, and taking temperature-lowering and sterilizing measures and its approval ·The workers in pond and shaft shall wear safe belt and safe cap and especially in sludge shaft and collection shaft shall wear gas mask under supervision by personnel above shaft. ·Intensifying instruction on safety to sewage pump station’s working personnel, working out necessary safe operation, preventing accidents of electric shock,
dropping to water, overhead drop, and toxitation, at cleaning sewage pond or maintaining equipment wearing life jackets and labor protective goods ·Operators for each post shall be granted with qualification certificate before
independent work. Pan’an Jianshan Town Wastewater Collection and Treatment
As per the ·The noisy devices in sewage pump house such as water pump, motor and fan shall environmental be provided with vibration-absorbing pads and sound-isolation guard to decrease ·Making overall layout of plant area as per production technical requirements and in consideration of safety and assessment report noise. environmental protection and its approval
·Separating management house from machine house and taking effective sound ·In inlet water pump house, and sludge dewatering machine house taking covering and ionic odor-removal process to isolation measures to generate a little impact on personnel. eliminate the hazard of odor gas
·Setting ventilation guard in monitor lab, operating toxic and harmful substances in ventilation guard and timely discharging harmful gas outdoors ··In section generating toxic gas, providing H2S detector, ventilation system and gas mask
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) 212 Appendix
Environmental Professional health Safe production protection
·In order to avoid hazards generated by electric device, any electric device shall be earthed and conform to related safety ·Releasing operators’ labor intensity, using PLC and industry PC-decentralized standards. computer to monitor and control data acquisition system.
Longyou Wastewater Collection
As per the environmental / / assessment report and its approval
Tonglu Jiangnan Town Wastewater Collection In overall layout of sewage pump station, separating office and life area from and ·Intensifying safe operation specification and management system, ensuring qualification of operators, and adopting safe production area, setting odor-removal system, effectively improving work and harmless production process and equipment environment, and taking temperature-lowering and sterilizing measures Intensifying instruction on safety to sewage pump station’s working personnel, working out necessary safe operation, preventing accidents of electric shock, ·Providing obvious safety signs for high-voltage lines and transformer in and surrounding construction site dropping to water, overhead drop, and toxitation, at cleaning sewage pond or maintaining equipment wearing life jackets and labor protective goods As per the ·The workers in pond and shaft shall wear safe belt and safe cap and especially in environmental ·Appointing special person to watch or obviously marking (lighting at night) the cutting section and main traffic location and sludge shaft and collection shaft shall wear gas mask under supervision by personnel assessment report enclosing some road sections for construction and its approval above shaft. ·Asking construction unit to take sure protection measures for dangerous location and dangerous jobs ·Operators for each post shall be granted with qualification certificate before independent work. ·At completion of project, perfecting signs of traffic safety · For materials and equipment warehouses or stacking point, and construction personnel life area preventing from fire, and
providing sufficient fire protection extinguishers for emergency use
Youbu Town(New District) Wastewater Collection and Treatment As per the ·In production plant house taking natural ventilation or mechanical ventilation ·Shutdown repair and sweeping shall be made every 6 months and alive job shall not be allowed. Before repair of electric environmental measures, and in control room, lab, instrument room and comprehensive building equipment, the power shall be cut off and the power switch shall be hung with alarm sign “not closing, under job”. The assessment report fixing air conditioning system. alarm sign shall be hung and taken out by special person
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30) Appendix 213
Environmental Professional health Safe production protection and its approval ·In order to avoid damage or drop of machine, in production site the stairs, platform and high position shall be provided with ·In design, arranging the auxiliary buildings such as comprehensive building at safety guardrails and the their height and strength shall conform to labor protection specification upward wind to avoid disadvantageous impact
·Using imported equipment, setting silencer in inlet and outlet of blast, in design ·Proving necessary safety protection screen and guard for moving parts of devices, building ditch and shaft and providing separating blasts with sound-isolation guards, using vibration-absorbing pads and cover sound-isolation materials to decrease noise below 85dBA ·In accordance with “Industry enterprises noise health standard’ issued by the · Fixing safety fence surrounding dangerous lifting port and installation opening and providing life jackets and life buoy Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Labor and in combination with noise standard for around water pond industry enterprise’s production shop and job location control noise-contacting time. ·Providing corresponding safety marks and accident lighting facilities in dangerous locations ·Before operation, working out corresponding safety regulations, training operators before their taking post to ensure
normal and safe run of Youbu Old Town Infrastructure Project As per the environmental / / assessment report and its approval
Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Small Towns Environment Project Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (updated version of April 04/30)