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Section – a Q1. Write the Short Note (I) WWW-WORLD WIDE WEB The Section – A Q1. Write the Short Note (i) WWW-WORLD WIDE WEB The World Wide Web ("WWW" or simply the "Web") is a global information medium which users can read and write via computers connected to the Internet. The term is often mistakenly used as a synonym for the Internet itself, but the Web is a service that operates over the Internet, as e-mail does. The history of the Internet dates back significantly further than that of the World Wide Web. The hypertext portion of the Web has an interesting history, notable influences being IBM's Generalized Markup Language and Ted Nelson's Project Xanadu. Since its implementation in the 1990s as an academic system for sharing papers, the World Wide Web has evolved far beyond what its creators imagined. The concept of a home-based global information system goes back at least as far as Isaac Asimov's short story "Anniversary" , in which the characters look up information on a home computer called a "Multivac outlet" -- which was connected by a "plantewide network of circuits" to a mile-long "super-computer" somewhere in the bowels of the Earth. One character is thinking of installing a Mulitvac, Jr. model for his kids. (ii) URIs Every resource available on the Web -- HTML document, image, video clip, program, etc. -- has an address that may be encoded by a Universal Resource Identifier, or "URI". URIs typically consist of three pieces: The naming scheme of the mechanism used to access the resource. The name of the machine hosting the resource. The name of the resource itself, given as a path. Consider the URI that designates the W3C Technical Reports page: http://www.w3.org/TR This URI may be read as follows: There is a document available via the HTTP protocol residing on the machine www.w3.org, accessible via the path "/TR". Other schemes you may see in HTML documents include "mailto" for email and "ftp" for FTP. IP Addresses Each computer must have an IP address before it can connect to the Internet. Each IP packet must have an address before it can be sent to another computer. This is an IP address: 192.68.20.50 This might be the same IP address: www.w3schools.com An IP Address Contains 4 Numbers. Each computer must have a unique IP address. This is your IP address: 203.129.193.196 TCP/IP uses four numbers to address a computer. The numbers are always between 0 and 255. IP addresses are normally written as four numbers separated by a period, like this: 192.168.1.50. (iii)Role of web sites in every day life : Several activities can be performed if you have access to the Internet - To Publish research information - To create campus wide information systems - Use it for Teaching - Use it with ISDN for multimedia conferencing - Refer to the pictures of an art gallery - Have an electronic copy of classics such as alice in wonderland - Have an electronic copy of journals and magazine from the Internet - To meet people around the world - To refer the job listings and requirements - To get free public domain programs, Movies, songs etc - To send mail at any time Section-B Q2. Essential skills that must be indentified while selecting the members of the web Project team. - Project Integration: Maintaining Balance - Quality Management: Quality Control - Risk Management: Proactive Approach to Risks - Scope Management: Writing a Well-Defined Scope Statement Q.3 What is different between web project and traditional project? - Traditional Project Manager needs to be focused on administrative details such as resource availability and duration of tasks. Web Project Manager’s skill set must be diverse. Knowledge of primary discipline (Web Best Practices i.e. User Experience, Information Architecture, Pagination, Iconography, etc ) is not sufficient. The Web Project Manager must be technically knowledgeable with a background in descriptive statistics, probability, estimation, hypothesis testing, correlation, and regressive analysis as applied to Business Intelligence, Data Architecture, Analytical Models. - Traditional Project; the requirements, priorities, current status, next steps, etc are obvious and do not require constant management. Web Project, the Web Project Manager must continuously translate and reiterate the Vision of Senior Leaders to all Project members. The Web Project Manager must be able to communicate with all Project members in a simple and succinct manner. Constantly evolving Business Requirements must be translated into accommodating Functional and / or Technical Requirements. Functional and / or Technical constraints must be translated into Business Requirements. Q4. Short Note On Domain Names: • Servers on the Internet also have human-readable names, called domain names. For example, www.mywebsite.com • The name www.mywebsite.com actually has three parts: – The host name ("www") – The domain name (“mywebsite") – The top-level domain name ("com") . CLIENTS AND SERVERS Architectures • Client – Is an arbitrary application program – Is invoked directly by a user, and executes only for one session. – Runs locally on user’s personal computer – Actively initiates contact with server – Can access multiple services as needed – Does not required special hardware or a sophisticated operating system • Server – Is a special-purpose, privileged program – Is invoked automatically when a system boots, and continues to execute through many sessions – Runs on shared computers – Waits passively for contact from arbitrary remote clients. – Accepts contact from arbitrary clients but offers a single service – Requires powerful hardware and a sophisticated operating system • ISP( Internet Service Provider) An ISP is a company that supplies Internet connectivity to home and business customers. ISPs support one or more forms of Internet access, ranging from traditionalmodem dial-up to DSL and cable modem broadband service to dedicated T1/T3 lines. More recently, wireless Internet service providers or WISPs have emerged that offer Internet access through wireless LAN or wireless broadband networks. In addition to basic connectivity, many ISPs also offer related Internet services like email, Web hosting and access to software tools. Q5. States the importance of following HTML tags. Also give one example for each. - <img>tag “ to import the Image “ <img src="iamge location" alt="image name" height="42" width="42"> - <title> tag “ to Display the title name of the page” < title > My Page </title> - <head>tag “ to display the head document” <head> <h1> this is my first program </h1> </head> Section-C Q6. What do you mean by internet protocol? Give few important protocols governing the web. INTERNET PROTOCOLS :TCP/IP TCP/IP is the communication protocol for the Internet. Computer Communication Protocol:A computer communication protocol is a description of the rules computers must follow to communicate with each other. TCP/IP is the communication protocol for communication between computers on the Internet. TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol. TCP/IP defines how electronic devices (like computers) should be connected to the Internet, and how data should be transmitted between them. TCP is used for transmission of data from an application to the network. IP takes care of the communication with other computers. HTTP - Hyper Text Transfer Protocol SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol SMTP is used for transmission of e-mails. IMAP - Internet Message Access Protocol IMAP is used for storing and retrieving e-mails. POP - Post Office Protocol POP is used for downloading e-mails from an e-mail server to a personal computer. FTP - File Transfer Protocol FTP takes care of transmission of files between computers. NTP - Network Time Protocol NTP is used to synchronize the time (the clock) between computers. Q7. What is Cyber Law? Explain the need of cyber law. CYBER LAWS With the advent of Computers as a basic tool of Communication, Information Processing, Information Storage, Physical Devices Control, etc., a whole new Cyber Society has come into existence. This Cyber society operates on a virtual world created by Technology and it is the “Cyber Space Engineering” that drives this world. In maintaining harmony and co-existence of people in this Cyber Space, there is a need for a legal regime which is what we recognize as “Cyber laws”. Cyber Laws are the basic laws of a Society and hence have implications on every aspect of the Cyber Society such as Governance, Business, Crimes, Entertainment, Information Delivery, Education etc. WHY THE NEED FOR CYBER LAW? • Coming of the Internet. • Greatest cultural, economic, political and social transformation in the history of human society. • Complex legal issues arising leading to the development of cyber law. • Different approaches for controlling, regulating and facilitating electronic communication and commerce. Q8. What features distinguishes XML from HTML? Compare with DHTML. Show the Syntax for XML code for Students Record. XML was designed to carry data, not displaying data -XML is not a replacement for HTML. -Different goals: XML was designed to describe data and to focus on what data is.HTML was designed to display data and to focus on how data looks. -HTML is about displaying information, XML is about describing information. Features of XML (i) Plain Text -Easy to edit -Useful for storing small amounts of data -Possible to efficiently store large amounts of XML data through an XML front end to a database (ii) Data Identification -Tell you what kind of data you have -Can be used in different ways by different applications (iii) Stylability -Inherently style-free -XSL---Extensible Stylesheet Language -Different XSL formats can then be used to display the same data in different ways (iv) Inline Reusabiliy -Can be composed from separate entities -Modularize your documents without resorting to links HTML and its derrivative DHTML is used to position information in a web page, and XML is used to describe that information. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <student> <Students_name>Tove</students_name> <Roll_No>Jani</Roll_no> <Address> <HouseNo> 1223 </HouseNo> <ColonyName> sdfsdsd </ColonyName> </Address> <Branch> IT </Branch> </student> .
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